EP0418056B1 - Metal seal casing patch - Google Patents
Metal seal casing patch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0418056B1 EP0418056B1 EP19900309981 EP90309981A EP0418056B1 EP 0418056 B1 EP0418056 B1 EP 0418056B1 EP 19900309981 EP19900309981 EP 19900309981 EP 90309981 A EP90309981 A EP 90309981A EP 0418056 B1 EP0418056 B1 EP 0418056B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- casing
- seal ring
- patch
- ribs
- cylindrical body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- OGSYQYXYGXIQFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium molybdenum nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni].[Mo] OGSYQYXYGXIQFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003296 Ni-Mo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/08—Casing joints
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
- E21B23/01—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells for anchoring the tools or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
- E21B29/10—Reconditioning of well casings, e.g. straightening
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
Definitions
- This invention relates to a patch for leaks or defects in oil-well casing.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a casing patch utilising a metal-to-metal seal which provides a high sealing efficiency and a long useful life, and a seal ring for use in such a patch.
- the invention is one aspect relates to a casing patch comprising a generally cylindrical body for positioning over the end of a cut casing, means within the body for gripping the casing, and a seal ring which in use is interposed between the body and an outer surface of the casing.
- the invention is characterised by the seal ring is provided with a plurality of axially spaced internal ribs encircling the outer surface of the casing; and the body being shaped such that axial force applied to the body produces a radial compressive force on the seal ring; and the seal ring being made out of a metal having a strength and ductility such that said compressive force produces plastic deformation of said ribs, forced by said compression against the outer surface of the casing to form a metal-to-metal seal irrespective of outer surface imperfections of the casing.
- the invention provides a seal ring for use in the patch defined in the foregoing paragraph, the seal ring comprising a generally cylindrical body having an internal surface formed with a plurality of encircling ribs.
- the cut edge of the casing may be bevelled and smoothed before the patch assembly is inserted.
- the patch assembly of Fig. 1 comprises generally a cylindrical body 12 within which are contained an upper slip 14, a lower slip 16, a slip sleeve assembly 18, and a seal ring 20.
- the slips 14 and 16 are formed with inwardly facing teeth inclined as shown such that, when set, the slips 14, 16 grip the casing 10 to resist relative movement in both directions.
- the slip sleeve assembly 18 provides an upper slip sleeve 22 and a lower slip sleeve 24 each of which abuts its respective sleeve in a part-conical face, and a central portion 26 mounting a C-ring 28 which has an outwardly directed ratchet 30 cooperating with ratchet teeth 32 formed in the body 12.
- the lower slip 16 is initially secured to the lower slip sleeve 24 by shear pins, one of which is seen at 34, but otherwise the slips 14, 16 and sleeve assembly 18 are axially movable within the body 12 and relative to each other.
- the seal ring 20 (see also Fig. 2) comprises an upper ring portion 36 slidable within a cylindrical bore 38 of the body 12 and a tapered lower portion 40, described in greater detail below, cooperating with a tapered surface 42 of the body 12.
- the upper ring portion 12 terminates in an annular shoulder 44 for cooperation with a stop shoulder 46 in the body 12.
- a stop ring 48 is positioned between the seal ring 20 and the lower slip 16 and slip sleeve assembly 18.
- the lower portion 40 of the seal ring 20 on its inner surface has a reducing shoulder 50 and three annular ribs 52 of triangular cross-section, while the outer surface is reduced at sloping shoulders 54 in the proximity of the upper ribs 52.
- the assembly is lowered over the cut end of the casing 10.
- the casing enters through the lower slip 16, whose i.d. should be slightly larger than the casing o.d., for example 13 1/2 inch for 13 3/8 inch casing.
- the upper slip 14 has an i.d. equal to the casing nominal o.d.
- the upper slip sleeve 22 is retained by a retaining rib 56 in the body 12 while the slip 14 is free to move axially up to a shoulder 58, thus allowing the casing 10 to pass through.
- the seal ring 20 is of a material which is resistant to temperature effects and well fluids, and has acceptable strength and good ductility.
- the invention is based on the use of a metal-to-metal seal in which the seal ring deforms and the internal ribs 52 flow plastically into imperfections on the surface of the casing o.d., such as scratches and tong marks, and voids caused by ovality and lack of concentricity are filled.
- Presently preferred materials for this purpose are low alloy steels.
- a particularly preferred material is low alloy Cr-Ni-Mo steel with carbon content of 0.18-0.23%, to SAE 8620. Other materials having similar hardness, strength and ductility may be used.
- annular ribs which are sufficiently narrow to deform plastically at the loads applied produces a wiping action across the casing o.d. to fill imperfections. It is believed that three ribs will be optimal, but a smaller number may be satisfactory, or a larger number may be required for some uses.
- the rib cross-section may be substantially triangular, as shown, or may be of other configurations such as part-circular. It is desirable that the ribs initially make a line contact with the casing.
- external "bumps" such as the sloping shoulders 54 is also a preferred feature of the invention. These distribute the load from the tapered face 42 in such a manner as to stress the ribs 52 and encourage plastic flow.
- the outer face of the seal ring lower portion 40 will also undergo plastic deformation to form a face-to-face seal with the body 12.
- the embodiment described is a dual patch, that is it locks against relative movement between patch and casing in both directions. This is desirable as the patch can withstand thermally induced movements in the casing string without affecting the load setting the seal. In some circumstances, however, a single-direction patch may be used.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Tubes (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
- Sealing Devices (AREA)
Description
- This invention relates to a patch for leaks or defects in oil-well casing.
- Casing patches in use hitherto have relied on elastomeric materials or lead.
- One example of such an approach is US-A-3865408 in which sealing is effected by a ring of resilient mechanically expandable packing material. The long-term reliability of such materials has been subject to severe doubt, so much so that the use of casing patches on production casings has stopped until a more effective, long-lasting seal might be developed.
- The difficulties seen with prior art patches are that the materials used could be damaged by corrosive fluids, and lead seals could be extruded by high temperatures and pressures. It was felt that these difficulties could lead to well control problems.
- Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a casing patch utilising a metal-to-metal seal which provides a high sealing efficiency and a long useful life, and a seal ring for use in such a patch.
- The invention is one aspect relates to a casing patch comprising a generally cylindrical body for positioning over the end of a cut casing, means within the body for gripping the casing, and a seal ring which in use is interposed between the body and an outer surface of the casing. the invention is characterised by the seal ring is provided with a plurality of axially spaced internal ribs encircling the outer surface of the casing; and the body being shaped such that axial force applied to the body produces a radial compressive force on the seal ring; and the seal ring being made out of a metal having a strength and ductility such that said compressive force produces plastic deformation of said ribs, forced by said compression against the outer surface of the casing to form a metal-to-metal seal irrespective of outer surface imperfections of the casing.
- From another aspect, the invention provides a seal ring for use in the patch defined in the foregoing paragraph, the seal ring comprising a generally cylindrical body having an internal surface formed with a plurality of encircling ribs.
- An embodiment of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the drawings, in which:-
- Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-section of one-half of a casing patch embodying the invention;
- Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of part of the assembly of Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3 shows a seal ring of Fig. 2 in greater detail.
- Optionally, the cut edge of the casing may be bevelled and smoothed before the patch assembly is inserted.
- The patch assembly of Fig. 1 comprises generally a
cylindrical body 12 within which are contained anupper slip 14, alower slip 16, aslip sleeve assembly 18, and aseal ring 20. - The
slips slips casing 10 to resist relative movement in both directions. Theslip sleeve assembly 18 provides anupper slip sleeve 22 and alower slip sleeve 24 each of which abuts its respective sleeve in a part-conical face, and acentral portion 26 mounting a C-ring 28 which has an outwardly directedratchet 30 cooperating withratchet teeth 32 formed in thebody 12. Thelower slip 16 is initially secured to thelower slip sleeve 24 by shear pins, one of which is seen at 34, but otherwise theslips sleeve assembly 18 are axially movable within thebody 12 and relative to each other. - The seal ring 20 (see also Fig. 2) comprises an
upper ring portion 36 slidable within acylindrical bore 38 of thebody 12 and a taperedlower portion 40, described in greater detail below, cooperating with atapered surface 42 of thebody 12. Theupper ring portion 12 terminates in anannular shoulder 44 for cooperation with astop shoulder 46 in thebody 12. Astop ring 48 is positioned between theseal ring 20 and thelower slip 16 andslip sleeve assembly 18. - Referring particularly to Figs 2 and 3, the
lower portion 40 of theseal ring 20 on its inner surface has a reducingshoulder 50 and threeannular ribs 52 of triangular cross-section, while the outer surface is reduced at slopingshoulders 54 in the proximity of theupper ribs 52. - In use, the assembly is lowered over the cut end of the
casing 10. The casing enters through thelower slip 16, whose i.d. should be slightly larger than the casing o.d., for example 13 1/2 inch for 13 3/8 inch casing. Theupper slip 14 has an i.d. equal to the casing nominal o.d. As thecasing 10 enters theupper slip 14, theupper slip sleeve 22 is retained by aretaining rib 56 in thebody 12 while theslip 14 is free to move axially up to ashoulder 58, thus allowing thecasing 10 to pass through. - Once the casing is fully entered, upward pull is exerted on the patch assembly. This engages the
upper slip 14 with theupper slip sleeve 22, causing theupper slip 14 to tighten and engage on thecasing 10. Further upward force pulls thetapered surface 42 onto theseal ring 20 until theshoulders ratchet teeth 32 snap over the C-ring ratchet 30, preventing unloading of the seal if the tension of the pull is relaxed. Thereafter, continued loading breaks theshear pins 34 to set thelower slip 16. - The
seal ring 20 is of a material which is resistant to temperature effects and well fluids, and has acceptable strength and good ductility. The invention is based on the use of a metal-to-metal seal in which the seal ring deforms and theinternal ribs 52 flow plastically into imperfections on the surface of the casing o.d., such as scratches and tong marks, and voids caused by ovality and lack of concentricity are filled. Presently preferred materials for this purpose are low alloy steels. A particularly preferred material is low alloy Cr-Ni-Mo steel with carbon content of 0.18-0.23%, to SAE 8620. Other materials having similar hardness, strength and ductility may be used. - The use of annular ribs which are sufficiently narrow to deform plastically at the loads applied produces a wiping action across the casing o.d. to fill imperfections. It is believed that three ribs will be optimal, but a smaller number may be satisfactory, or a larger number may be required for some uses. The rib cross-section may be substantially triangular, as shown, or may be of other configurations such as part-circular. It is desirable that the ribs initially make a line contact with the casing.
The use of external "bumps" such as the slopingshoulders 54 is also a preferred feature of the invention. These distribute the load from thetapered face 42 in such a manner as to stress theribs 52 and encourage plastic flow. The outer face of the seal ringlower portion 40 will also undergo plastic deformation to form a face-to-face seal with thebody 12. - The embodiment described is a dual patch, that is it locks against relative movement between patch and casing in both directions. This is desirable as the patch can withstand thermally induced movements in the casing string without affecting the load setting the seal. In some circumstances, however, a single-direction patch may be used.
- The operation described above is suitable for a land well. Where a subsea wellhead is concerned, if the patch is run on new casing which must have a hanger seated in the wellhead, it will be necessary to set the seal by running a casing spear, latching onto the old casing stub and stretching it into the patch, and releasing to use the stretch load to set the seal.
Claims (10)
- A casing patch comprising a generally cylindrical body (12) for positioning over the end of a cut casing (10), means (14, 16, 22, 24) within the body (12) for gripping the casing (10), and a seal ring (20) which in use is interposed between the body (12) and an outer surface of the casing (10), characterised in that the seal ring (20) is provided with a plurality of ribs (52) encircling the outer surface of the casing (10); and the body (12) having an internal wedge shape such that axial force applied to the body (12) produces a radial compressive force on the seal ring (20); and the seal ring (20) being made of a metal having a strength and ductility such that said compressive force produces plastic deformation of said ribs (52) forced by said compression against the outer surface of the casing (10) to form a metal-to-metal seal irrespective of outer surface imperfections of the casing (10).
- A casing patch according to claim 1, in which the gripping means comprises oppositely-directed upper (14) and lower (16) slips each having an internal toothed surface for gripping the casing (10) and a part-conical external surface for cooperation with a respective slip sleeve (22, 24).
- A casing patch according to claim 2, in which the upper and lower slip sleeves (22, 24) form part of a sleeve assembly (22-30) connected to the patch body (12) via ratchet means (28, 30, 32).
- A seal ring (20) for use in the casing patch of claim 1, the seal ring (20) comprising a generally cylindrical body (36, 40) having an internal surface formed with a plurality of axially spaced encircling ribs (52).
- The seal ring (20) of claim 4, in which said ribs (52) are annular and have a cross-section to provide a line contact with a casing (10) when fitted thereon.
- The seal ring (20) of claim 4 or claim 5, in which the wall thickness of said generally cylindrical body (36, 40) reduces towards one end (40) thereof.
- The seal ring (20) of claim 6, in which the wall thickness is reduced by steps (54) in the external surface, one said step (54) being provided in the proximity of each rib (52).
- The seal ring (20) of claim 6 or claim 7, in which the other end is formed to provide an axially directed shoulder (36) for engagement by a shoulder (38) on the cylindrical body (12) of the patch.
- The seal ring (20) of any of claims 4 to 8, formed of a low carbon alloy steel.
- The seal ring (20) of claim 9, said steel being a chromium-nickel-molybdenum steel with a carbon content of 0.18 to 0.23%.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8920607 | 1989-09-12 | ||
GB898920607A GB8920607D0 (en) | 1989-09-12 | 1989-09-12 | Metal seal casing patch |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0418056A1 EP0418056A1 (en) | 1991-03-20 |
EP0418056B1 true EP0418056B1 (en) | 1995-11-08 |
Family
ID=10662942
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19900309981 Expired - Lifetime EP0418056B1 (en) | 1989-09-12 | 1990-09-12 | Metal seal casing patch |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0418056B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69023443D1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB8920607D0 (en) |
NO (1) | NO301657B1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8167312B2 (en) | 2008-07-10 | 2012-05-01 | Vetco Gray Inc. | Metal seal adjustable casing sub |
US10612349B2 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2020-04-07 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Downhole casing patch |
WO2022109014A1 (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2022-05-27 | Mohawk Energy Ltd. | Casing patch system |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU646589B2 (en) * | 1991-08-22 | 1994-02-24 | Vinidex Tubemakers Pty. Limited | Lining of bores |
US5829524A (en) * | 1996-05-07 | 1998-11-03 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | High pressure casing patch |
US6021850A (en) * | 1997-10-03 | 2000-02-08 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Downhole pipe expansion apparatus and method |
US6073692A (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 2000-06-13 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Expanding mandrel inflatable packer |
US6598677B1 (en) | 1999-05-20 | 2003-07-29 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Hanging liners by pipe expansion |
US20030080516A1 (en) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-05-01 | Zheng Qiu Shi | Fluid seal and method of using same |
GB2381282B (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2004-03-24 | Schlumberger Holdings | Brake system |
US20080110643A1 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2008-05-15 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Large bore packer and methods of setting same |
AU2013239039B2 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2015-09-03 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Large bore packer and methods of setting same |
US7540329B2 (en) * | 2007-04-18 | 2009-06-02 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Casing coupler liner hanger mechanism |
CN105464611B (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2019-01-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | For expanding the device of bellows |
SE1451380A1 (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-05-18 | Vanguard Oil Tools & Services Llc | Retrievable re-connecting device with internal seal and slips for connecting to the top of an existing tubing in a wellbore |
US10309562B2 (en) | 2017-07-18 | 2019-06-04 | Freudenberg Oil & Gas, Llc | Metal to metal wedge ring seal |
CN110529055A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-03 | 江苏璞腾油气装备有限公司 | A kind of high antitorque air-tight oil casing nipple |
US11286743B2 (en) | 2019-12-13 | 2022-03-29 | Coretrax Americas Ltd. | Wire line deployable metal patch stackable system |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3865408A (en) * | 1972-11-01 | 1975-02-11 | Otis Eng Co | Positive locking sealing connector for well pipe |
US4791987A (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1988-12-20 | Cameron Iron Works Usa, Inc. | Wellhead seal |
-
1989
- 1989-09-12 GB GB898920607A patent/GB8920607D0/en active Pending
-
1990
- 1990-09-12 DE DE69023443T patent/DE69023443D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-09-12 EP EP19900309981 patent/EP0418056B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-09-12 NO NO903984A patent/NO301657B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8167312B2 (en) | 2008-07-10 | 2012-05-01 | Vetco Gray Inc. | Metal seal adjustable casing sub |
US8777228B2 (en) | 2008-07-10 | 2014-07-15 | Vetco Gray Inc. | Metal sealing adjustable casing sub |
US10612349B2 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2020-04-07 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Downhole casing patch |
US11193357B2 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2021-12-07 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Downhole casing patch |
WO2022109014A1 (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2022-05-27 | Mohawk Energy Ltd. | Casing patch system |
GB2615701A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2023-08-16 | Coretrax Americas Ltd | Casing patch system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO301657B1 (en) | 1997-11-24 |
NO903984L (en) | 1991-03-13 |
DE69023443D1 (en) | 1995-12-14 |
GB8920607D0 (en) | 1989-10-25 |
EP0418056A1 (en) | 1991-03-20 |
NO903984D0 (en) | 1990-09-12 |
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