EP0411172B1 - Refrigeration device for a plurality of coolant circuits - Google Patents

Refrigeration device for a plurality of coolant circuits Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0411172B1
EP0411172B1 EP89114116A EP89114116A EP0411172B1 EP 0411172 B1 EP0411172 B1 EP 0411172B1 EP 89114116 A EP89114116 A EP 89114116A EP 89114116 A EP89114116 A EP 89114116A EP 0411172 B1 EP0411172 B1 EP 0411172B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
coolant
evaporator
compressor
temperature
circuits
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP89114116A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0411172A1 (en
Inventor
Noya Mikhail
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Kkw Kulmbacher Klimagerate-Werk GmbH
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Kkw Kulmbacher Klimagerate-Werk GmbH
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Priority to DE8989114116T priority Critical patent/DE58903363D1/en
Priority to EP89114116A priority patent/EP0411172B1/en
Priority to US07/552,752 priority patent/US5076068A/en
Publication of EP0411172A1 publication Critical patent/EP0411172A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/02—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/006—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass for preventing frost
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2501—Bypass valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21171—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator
    • F25B2700/21172—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator at the inlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21175—Temperatures of an evaporator of the refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooling device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Cooling devices for changing volume flow or in general for changing cooling capacity can be provided in practice only with relatively high effort. Realization becomes all the more difficult the more coolant circuits are to be operated, especially when the cooling capacity changes. If the cooling device is designed for high output, there is a risk of freezing at low output.
  • Cooling devices are known from US-A-2 646 667 and FR-A-2 114 419 in which a plurality of secondary coolant circuits are led through one and the same evaporator, a compressor of a primary refrigerant circuit being regulated by means of a thermostat.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a cooling device according to the preamble of claim 1 for a plurality of secondary coolant circuits, the cooling capacity depends in a simple manner on the coolant throughput in the secondary coolant circuits and can be varied within wide limits without the risk that the coolant freezes individual coolant circuits.
  • the evaporator is arranged in a refrigerant circuit with other components, such as the compressor, condenser and expansion valve.
  • a thermostat switches on the compressor depending on the temperature of the coolant of the secondary cooling circuits measured in front of the evaporator when the switching temperature of the coolant is reached.
  • the compressor is switched off when the temperature falls below the switching temperature.
  • a bypass valve is controlled in a bypass line between connection points of the refrigerant line behind the compressor on the one hand and behind the expansion valve on the other hand by a pressure sensor in the refrigerant line.
  • the pressure sensor is in the direction of flow of the refrigerant arranged in front of the compressor.
  • the bypass valve controls the bypass valve so that it is opened at a minimum pressure in the evaporator which, for reasons of safety against freezing of the coolant - in one of the secondary circuits - should not be undercut in the evaporator.
  • the bypass valve is closed at a certain pressure in the evaporator above the minimum pressure.
  • the cooling capacity of the cooling device adapts itself through the special control of the compressor to different flow rates or outputs in the secondary coolant lines, whereby the special bypass control prevents freezing of the coolant in the compressor, so that the full capacity adjustment is sensibly possible.
  • the adjustment of the cooling capacity of the cooling device goes so far that the coolant can also stand in individual coolant circuits, so that no cooling capacity can be achieved by the respective coolant circuit.
  • the evaporator can have a coaxial structure consisting of jacket tube, center tube and inner tube in a particularly simple manner, so that there are three coaxially arranged annular spaces.
  • a coolant can flow through the outer and the inner annular space in one direction, the coolant being passed through in the middle annular space in the opposite direction to the flow of the coolant.
  • Such a coaxial tube structure is known per se (DE-GM 84 07 854).
  • the thermostat has a temperature sensor, to which the lines of all coolant circuits are guided.
  • the coolant temperature is averaged and simple control is only possible because there are individual sensors on the respective coolant line with coolant standstill, there would be no signal change, so that regulation with simple means would not be sensibly possible.
  • Water can be used as the coolant in the secondary coolant circuits.
  • the cooling device has two coolant circuits 2 and 3 guided through an evaporator 1.
  • Devices to be cooled can be connected to the connection sockets 4, which each complete the coolant circuits.
  • a compressor 6, a condenser 7 and an expansion valve 8 are located in the refrigerant circuit 5.
  • the expansion valve 8 is controlled in a conventional manner by means of temperature or additional pressure control in the throughput in such a way that just enough refrigerant is let through that it is in the evaporator 1 can still evaporate almost completely.
  • a dryer 9 can be connected upstream of the expansion valve 8 in the flow direction in a manner known per se. The direction of flow is illustrated by flow arrows 10.
  • a thermostat 11 switches on the compressor 6 as a function of the temperature of the coolant of the cooling circuits measured in front of the evaporator 1 when the switching temperature of the coolant is reached and switches off the compressor when the temperature falls below the switching temperature.
  • a bypass valve 12 in a bypass line 13 between connection points of the refrigerant line behind the compressor 6 on the one hand and behind the expansion valve 8 on the other hand is controlled by a pressure sensor 14 in the refrigerant circuit, which is arranged upstream of the compressor 6 and which controls as follows: At a minimum pressure in the evaporator 1, which for reasons of Safety against freezing of the coolant in the evaporator should not be undercut, the bypass valve 12 is opened.
  • the bypass valve 12 is closed. Otherwise, the coolant in the evaporator could freeze especially when the coolant comes to a standstill in a cooling circuit.
  • the requested cooling capacity can drop so far that some cooling circuits come to a standstill.
  • one of two cooling circuits can be switched off without the operation of the cooling device being impaired.
  • the pressure sensor 14 is functionally part of the pressostat 16.
  • the evaporator 1 can have a coaxial tube structure consisting of a jacket tube, center tube and inner tube.
  • the outer one can be provided to the coolant circuit 3 and the inner one to the coolant circuit 2.
  • the refrigerant then flows through the middle annulus.
  • the outer annular space can advantageously be provided for a coolant circuit for greater cooling capacity than in a coolant circuit connected to the inner annular space, since the outer annular space has larger heat-exchanging surfaces.
  • the lines of all the coolant circuits are guided past a temperature sensor 15 of the thermostat 11.
  • the temperature sensor 15 is functionally part of the thermostat 11.
  • the two lines of the coolant circuits 2 and 3 are guided past the temperature sensor. Even if the coolant comes to a standstill in a coolant circuit, since cooling in this circuit is no longer required at all, the temperature sensor 15 thus easily determines a signal that can be used. For example, if the coolant circuit 3 is designed for 500 W cooling power and the coolant circuit 2 for 300 W, Standstill of the coolant in the coolant circuit 3, the cooling capacity provided by the coolant circuit 5 is reduced to the extent that the temperature at the temperature sensor 15 lowers due to the reduced cooling requirement.
  • the coolant in cooling circuits 2 and 3 can be water.
  • Lithotripsy devices are one area of application for the cooling device, which takes into account very different cooling power requirements.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Kühleinrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1. Kühlgeräte für wechselnden Volumenstrom oder allgemein für wechselnde Kühlleistung sind in der Praxis nur mit verhältnismäßig hohem Aufwand bereitzustellen. Die Realisierung wird um so schwieriger, je mehr Kühlmittelkreisläufe, insbesondere bei wechselnder Kühlleistung, zu betreiben sind. Wenn die Kühleinrichtung für hohe Leistung ausgelegt ist, besteht bei niedriger Leistung Gefahr, daß Einfrierungen auftreten.The invention relates to a cooling device according to the preamble of claim 1. Cooling devices for changing volume flow or in general for changing cooling capacity can be provided in practice only with relatively high effort. Realization becomes all the more difficult the more coolant circuits are to be operated, especially when the cooling capacity changes. If the cooling device is designed for high output, there is a risk of freezing at low output.

Aus der US-A-3 859 812 ist eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Aufbereiten von Kühlmitteln für eine Werkzeugmaschine bekannt. Gemäß dieser Druckschrift ist in einem ersten primären Kältemittelkreislauf ein Temperaturfühler in Strömungsrichtung hinter einem Verdampfer angeordnet, während ein anderer primärer Kältemittelkreislauf von einer Mehrzahl von Einflußparametern, unter anderem von dem vorgenannten Temperaturfühler, geregelt wird. Mehrere durch ein- und denselben Verdampfer geführte Sekundärkühlmittelkreisläufe sind gemäß dieser Druckschrift nicht regelbar.From US-A-3 859 812 an apparatus and a method for the preparation of coolants for a machine tool is known. According to this publication, a temperature sensor is arranged in the flow direction behind an evaporator in a first primary refrigerant circuit, while another primary refrigerant circuit is regulated by a plurality of influencing parameters, including the aforementioned temperature sensor. Several secondary coolant circuits through one and the same evaporator cannot be regulated according to this document.

Aus der US-A-2 646 667 und der FR-A-2 114 419 sind Kühleinrichtungen bekannt, bei welchen mehrere Sekundär-Kühlmittelkreisläufe durch ein- und denselben Verdampfer geführt sind, wobei ein Verdichter eines primären Kältemittelkreislaufes mittels eines Thermostats geregelt wird.Cooling devices are known from US-A-2 646 667 and FR-A-2 114 419 in which a plurality of secondary coolant circuits are led through one and the same evaporator, a compressor of a primary refrigerant circuit being regulated by means of a thermostat.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Kühleinrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 für eine Mehrzahl von sekundären Kühlmittelkreisläufen zu schaffen, deren Kühlleistung in einfacher Weise vom Kühlmitteldurchsatz in den sekundären Kühlmittelkreisen abhängt und so in weiten Grenzen variiert werden kann, ohne daß die Gefahr besteht, daß das Kühlmittel einzelner Kühlmittelkreise gefriert.The invention has for its object to provide a cooling device according to the preamble of claim 1 for a plurality of secondary coolant circuits, the cooling capacity depends in a simple manner on the coolant throughput in the secondary coolant circuits and can be varied within wide limits without the risk that the coolant freezes individual coolant circuits.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.This object is achieved according to the invention by a device with the features in the characterizing part of patent claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.

Der Verdampfer ist in einem Kältemittelkreis mit weiteren Bauteilen, wie Verdichter, Kondensator und Expansionsventil, angeordnet. Ein Thermostat schaltet in Abhängigkeit von der vor dem Verdampfer gemessenen Temperatur des Kühlmittels der sekundären Kühlkreise den Verdichter ein, wenn die Schalttemperatur des Kühlmittels erreicht wird. Der Verdichter wird abgeschaltet, wenn die Schalttemperatur unterschritten wird. Ein Bypaßventil ist in einer Bypaßleitung zwischen Anschlußstellen der Kältemittelleitung hinter dem Verdichter einerseits und hinter dem Expansionsventil andererseits von einem Drucksensor in der Kältemittelleitung gesteuert. Der Drucksensor ist in Strömungsrichtung des Kältemittels vor dem Verdichter angeordnet. Er steuert das Bypaßventil so, daß bei einem Mindestdruck im Verdampfer, der aus Gründen der Sicherheit gegen Einfrieren des Kühlmittels - in einem der Sekundärkreise - im Verdampfer nicht unterschritten werden soll, es geöffnet wird. Bei einem bestimmten Druck im Verdampfer oberhalb des Mindestdrucks wird das Bypaßventil geschlossen. Die Kühlleistung der Kühleinrichtung paßt sich durch die besondere Steuerung des Verdichters unterschiedlichem Mengendurchsatz bzw. Leistung in den sekundären Kühlmittelleitungen an, wobei durch die besondere Bypaßsteuerung ein Einfrieren des Kühlmittels im Verdichter vermieden wird, so daß die volle Leistungsanpassung sinnvoll ermöglicht wird.The evaporator is arranged in a refrigerant circuit with other components, such as the compressor, condenser and expansion valve. A thermostat switches on the compressor depending on the temperature of the coolant of the secondary cooling circuits measured in front of the evaporator when the switching temperature of the coolant is reached. The compressor is switched off when the temperature falls below the switching temperature. A bypass valve is controlled in a bypass line between connection points of the refrigerant line behind the compressor on the one hand and behind the expansion valve on the other hand by a pressure sensor in the refrigerant line. The pressure sensor is in the direction of flow of the refrigerant arranged in front of the compressor. It controls the bypass valve so that it is opened at a minimum pressure in the evaporator which, for reasons of safety against freezing of the coolant - in one of the secondary circuits - should not be undercut in the evaporator. The bypass valve is closed at a certain pressure in the evaporator above the minimum pressure. The cooling capacity of the cooling device adapts itself through the special control of the compressor to different flow rates or outputs in the secondary coolant lines, whereby the special bypass control prevents freezing of the coolant in the compressor, so that the full capacity adjustment is sensibly possible.

Die Anpassung der Kälteleistung der Kühleinrichtung geht so weit, daß das Kühlmittel in einzelnen Kühlmittelkreisläufen auch stehen kann, so daß also vom jeweiligen Kühlmittelkreis keine Kühlleistung zu erbringen ist.The adjustment of the cooling capacity of the cooling device goes so far that the coolant can also stand in individual coolant circuits, so that no cooling capacity can be achieved by the respective coolant circuit.

Der Verdampfer kann bei zwei Kühlmittelkreisen besonders einfach einen Koaxialaufbau aus Mantelrohr, Mittelrohr und Innenrohr aufweisen, so daß sich drei koaxial angeordnete Ringräume ergeben. Der äußere und der innere Ringraum kann von je einem Kühlmittel in einer Richtung durchflossen werden, wobei in Gegenrichtung zur Durchströmung des Kühlmittels das Kältemittel im mittleren Ringraum durchgeleitet wird. Ein derartiger Koaxialrohraufbau ist für sich gesehen bekannt (DE-GM 84 07 854).In the case of two coolant circuits, the evaporator can have a coaxial structure consisting of jacket tube, center tube and inner tube in a particularly simple manner, so that there are three coaxially arranged annular spaces. A coolant can flow through the outer and the inner annular space in one direction, the coolant being passed through in the middle annular space in the opposite direction to the flow of the coolant. Such a coaxial tube structure is known per se (DE-GM 84 07 854).

Erfindungsgemäß weist der Thermostat einen Temperatursensor auf, an dem die Leitungen sämtlicher Kühlmittelkreise vorbeigeführt sind. Dadurch wird die Kühlmitteltemperatur gemittelt und eine einfache Regelung erst ermöglicht, da Einzelsensoren an der jeweiligen Kühlmittelleitung bei Kühlmittelstillstand keine Signalveränderung ergäben, so daß eine Regelung mit einfachen Mitteln nicht sinnvoll möglich wäre. Als Kühlmittel in den sekundären Kühlmittelkreisen kann Wasser eingesetzt werden.According to the invention, the thermostat has a temperature sensor, to which the lines of all coolant circuits are guided. As a result, the coolant temperature is averaged and simple control is only possible because there are individual sensors on the respective coolant line with coolant standstill, there would be no signal change, so that regulation with simple means would not be sensibly possible. Water can be used as the coolant in the secondary coolant circuits.

Die Erfindung soll anhand eines in der Zeichnung grob schematisch wiedergegebenen Ausführungsbeispiels für zwei Kühlmittelkreise und einen Kältemittelkreis näher erläutert werden:
   Die Kühleinrichtung weist im Ausführungsbeispiel zwei durch einen Verdampfer 1 geführte Kühlmittelkreise 2 und 3 auf. Zu kühlende Geräte können an den Anschlußbuchsen 4 angeschlossen werden, die die Kühlmittelkreise jeweils vervollständigen. Außer dem Verdampfer 1 liegen im Kältemittelkreis 5 ein Verdichter 6, ein Kondensator 7 und ein Expansionsventil 8. Das Epansionsventil 8 ist in üblicher Weise mittels Temperatur- oder zusätzlicher Drucksteuerung im Durchsatz so gesteuert, daß gerade so viel Kältemittel durchgelassen wird, daß es im Verdampfer 1 noch nahezu vollständig verdampfen kann. Zusatzlich kann in an sich bekannter Weise ein Trockner 9 dem Expansionsventil 8 in Strömungsrichtung vorgeschaltet sein. Die Strömungsrichtung ist durch Strömungspfeile 10 veranschaulicht.The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment for two coolant circuits and one refrigerant circuit, shown roughly schematically in the drawing:
In the exemplary embodiment, the cooling device has two coolant circuits 2 and 3 guided through an evaporator 1. Devices to be cooled can be connected to the connection sockets 4, which each complete the coolant circuits. In addition to the evaporator 1, a compressor 6, a condenser 7 and an expansion valve 8 are located in the refrigerant circuit 5. The expansion valve 8 is controlled in a conventional manner by means of temperature or additional pressure control in the throughput in such a way that just enough refrigerant is let through that it is in the evaporator 1 can still evaporate almost completely. In addition, a dryer 9 can be connected upstream of the expansion valve 8 in the flow direction in a manner known per se. The direction of flow is illustrated by flow arrows 10.

Wesentlich ist, daß ein Thermostat 11 in Abhängigkeit von der vor dem Verdampfer 1 gemessenen Temperatur des Kühlmittels der Kühlkreise den Verdichter 6 einschaltet, wenn die Schalttemperatur des Kühlmittels erreicht wird und den Verdichter abschaltet, wenn die Schalttemperatur unterschritten wird. Weiter ist wesentlich, daß ein Bypaßventil 12 in eine Bypaßleitung 13 zwischen Anschlußstellen der Kältemittelleitung hinter dem Verdichter 6 einerseits und hinter dem Expansionsventil 8 andererseits von einem Drucksensor 14 im Kältemittelkreis gesteuert wird, der vor dem Verdichter 6 angeordnet ist und der folgendermaßen steuert:
Bei einem Mindestdruck im Verdampfer 1, der aus Gründen der Sicherheit gegen Einfrieren des Kühlmittels im Verdampfer nicht unterschritten werden soll, wird das Bypaßventil 12 geöffnet. Bei einem bestimmten Druck im Verdampfer oberhalb des Mindestdrucks wird das Bypaßventil 12 geschlossen. Das Kühlmittel im Verdampfer könnte anderenfalls besonders dann einfrieren, wenn das Kühlmittel in einem Kühlkreislauf zum Stehen kommt. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Kühleinrichtung kann die angeforderte Kühlleistung so weit zurückgehen, daß einige Kühlkreise zum Stillstand kommen. Im Ausführungsbeispiel kann einer von zwei Kühlkreisen abgeschaltet werden, ohne daß der Betrieb der Kühleinrichtung beeinträchtigt wird. Der Drucksensor 14 ist funktionell Teil des Pressostaten 16.It is essential that a thermostat 11 switches on the compressor 6 as a function of the temperature of the coolant of the cooling circuits measured in front of the evaporator 1 when the switching temperature of the coolant is reached and switches off the compressor when the temperature falls below the switching temperature. It is also essential that a bypass valve 12 in a bypass line 13 between connection points of the refrigerant line behind the compressor 6 on the one hand and behind the expansion valve 8 on the other hand is controlled by a pressure sensor 14 in the refrigerant circuit, which is arranged upstream of the compressor 6 and which controls as follows:
At a minimum pressure in the evaporator 1, which for reasons of Safety against freezing of the coolant in the evaporator should not be undercut, the bypass valve 12 is opened. At a certain pressure in the evaporator above the minimum pressure, the bypass valve 12 is closed. Otherwise, the coolant in the evaporator could freeze especially when the coolant comes to a standstill in a cooling circuit. In the cooling device according to the invention, the requested cooling capacity can drop so far that some cooling circuits come to a standstill. In the exemplary embodiment, one of two cooling circuits can be switched off without the operation of the cooling device being impaired. The pressure sensor 14 is functionally part of the pressostat 16.

Bei zwei Kühlmittelkreisen 2 und 3 kann der Verdampfer 1 einen Koaxialrohraufbau aufweisen, aus Mantelrohr, Mittelrohr und Innenrohr. Von den sich ergebenden koaxial angeordneten Ringräumen kann der äußere dem Kühlmittelkreis 3 und der innere dem Kühlmittelkreis 2 zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Durch den mittleren Ringraum strömt dann das Kältemittel. Der äußere Ringraum kann vorteilhafterweise für einen Kühlmittelkreis für größere Kühlleistung als in einem am inneren Ringraum angeschlossenen Kühlmittelkreise zur Verfügung gestellt werden, da der äußere Ringraum größere wärmetauschende Flächen aufweist.In the case of two coolant circuits 2 and 3, the evaporator 1 can have a coaxial tube structure consisting of a jacket tube, center tube and inner tube. Of the resulting coaxially arranged annular spaces, the outer one can be provided to the coolant circuit 3 and the inner one to the coolant circuit 2. The refrigerant then flows through the middle annulus. The outer annular space can advantageously be provided for a coolant circuit for greater cooling capacity than in a coolant circuit connected to the inner annular space, since the outer annular space has larger heat-exchanging surfaces.

An einem Temperatursensor 15 des Thermostaten 11 werden die Leitungen sämtlicher Kühlmittelkreise vorbeigeführt. Der Temperatursensor 15 ist funktionell Teil des Thermostaten 11. Im Ausführungsbeispiel sind die beiden Leitungen der Kühlmittelkreise 2 und 3 am Temperatursensor vorbeigeführt. Selbst wenn das Kühlmittel in einem Kühlmittelkreis zum Stillstand kommt, da in diesem Kreis überhaupt keine Kühlung mehr erforderlich ist, wird so auf einfache Weise vom Temperatursensor 15 ein einfach verwertbares Signal ermittelt. Wenn der Kühlmittelkreis 3 beispielsweise für 500 W Kühlleistung ausgelegt ist und der Kühlmittelkreis 2 für 300 W, kann beim Stillstand des Kühlmittels im Kühlmittelkreis 3 die vom Kältemittelkreis 5 bereitgestellte Kühlleistung in dem Maß heruntergefahren werden, wie sich die Temperatur am Temperatursensor 15 wegen verringerten Kältebedarfs erniedrigt. Das Kühlmittel in den Kühlkreisen 2 und 3 kann Wasser sein.The lines of all the coolant circuits are guided past a temperature sensor 15 of the thermostat 11. The temperature sensor 15 is functionally part of the thermostat 11. In the exemplary embodiment, the two lines of the coolant circuits 2 and 3 are guided past the temperature sensor. Even if the coolant comes to a standstill in a coolant circuit, since cooling in this circuit is no longer required at all, the temperature sensor 15 thus easily determines a signal that can be used. For example, if the coolant circuit 3 is designed for 500 W cooling power and the coolant circuit 2 for 300 W, Standstill of the coolant in the coolant circuit 3, the cooling capacity provided by the coolant circuit 5 is reduced to the extent that the temperature at the temperature sensor 15 lowers due to the reduced cooling requirement. The coolant in cooling circuits 2 and 3 can be water.

Für die Kühleinrichtung, die stark unterschiedlichen Kühlleistungsbedarf berücksichtigt, sind beispielsweise ein Einsatzgebiet Lithotripsiegeräte.Lithotripsy devices are one area of application for the cooling device, which takes into account very different cooling power requirements.

Claims (3)

  1. A refrigeration device with an evaporator (1), a refrigerant circuit (5) carried on the primary side through the evaporator (1), with a compressor (6), condenser (7) and an expansion valve (8), several coolant circuits (2, 3) carried on the secondary side through the evaporator (1) for appliances to be cooled, and with a thermostat (11) for starting and stopping the compressor (6),
    characterized in that the thermostat (11) is provided with a temperature sensor (15) past which the lines of all the coolant circuits (2, 3) are carried in such a way that when an engagement temperature of the coolant has been attained, the thermostat (11) starts the compressor (6) in accordance with the mix temperature measured in the direction of flow of the coolant ahead of the evaporator (1) and which temperature is affected by the majority of the coolant circuits (2,3), and switches the compressor (6) off when the temperature falls below the engagement temperature of the coolant, and that a bypass valve (12) in a bypass line (13) is arranged between the connection points for the refrigerant circuit (5) beyond the compressor (6) on the one hand, and beyond the expansion valve (8) on the other hand, viewed always in the direction of flow, and that said valve is controlled by a pressure sensor (14) arranged in the refrigerant circuit (5) ahead of the compressor (6), in such a way that, at a minimum pressure in the evaporator (1) below which the pressure must not fall for reasons of safety for preventing the coolant from freezing in the evaporator, the bypass valve (12) is opened, and that at a specified pressure in the evaporator above the minimum pressure, the bypass valve (12) is closed.
  2. A refrigeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the case of two coolant circuits (2, 3), the evaporator has a coaxial tube design consisting of a casing tube, a central tube and an inner tube, so that three coaxially arranged annular spaces are obtained, whose outer and inner annular spaces are traversed in one direction by one coolant each, in the opposite direction to the throughflow of the refrigerant in the central annular space.
  3. A refrigeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that water is used as the coolant.
EP89114116A 1989-07-31 1989-07-31 Refrigeration device for a plurality of coolant circuits Expired - Lifetime EP0411172B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8989114116T DE58903363D1 (en) 1989-07-31 1989-07-31 COOLING DEVICE FOR SEVERAL COOLANT CIRCUIT.
EP89114116A EP0411172B1 (en) 1989-07-31 1989-07-31 Refrigeration device for a plurality of coolant circuits
US07/552,752 US5076068A (en) 1989-07-31 1990-07-16 Cooling device for a plurality of coolant circuits

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89114116A EP0411172B1 (en) 1989-07-31 1989-07-31 Refrigeration device for a plurality of coolant circuits

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EP0411172A1 EP0411172A1 (en) 1991-02-06
EP0411172B1 true EP0411172B1 (en) 1993-01-20

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EP (1) EP0411172B1 (en)
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US5076068A (en) 1991-12-31
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