EP0408591B1 - Process and device for the suspended conveyance of material in sheets or in webs over a conveying route, in particular a curved conveying route - Google Patents
Process and device for the suspended conveyance of material in sheets or in webs over a conveying route, in particular a curved conveying route Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0408591B1 EP0408591B1 EP89903127A EP89903127A EP0408591B1 EP 0408591 B1 EP0408591 B1 EP 0408591B1 EP 89903127 A EP89903127 A EP 89903127A EP 89903127 A EP89903127 A EP 89903127A EP 0408591 B1 EP0408591 B1 EP 0408591B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- conveying
- free
- over
- negative pressure
- nozzles
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H29/00—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles
- B65H29/24—Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles by air blast or suction apparatus
- B65H29/245—Air blast devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H23/00—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs
- B65H23/04—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally
- B65H23/24—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally by fluid action, e.g. to retard the running web
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2801/00—Application field
- B65H2801/03—Image reproduction devices
- B65H2801/21—Industrial-size printers, e.g. rotary printing press
Definitions
- a known device for floating guidance (DE-GM 69 39 363) the material web is alternately supported on an air cushion and exposed to negative pressure.
- the device consists of perforated nozzle bodies through which air is alternately blown out in the direction of conveyance to build up air cushions or is sucked in through the air.
- This has the consequence that such a device can only transport material webs that are under web tension without contact.
- Free-running arches on the other hand, would be drawn in with their front and rear ends in the areas in which only suction forces are effective, so that contact is unavoidable.
- the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for the floating guiding of sheet-like or sheet-like material, in which or with which the material is transported flutter-free and absolutely contact-free even with the most varied curvature of the conveying path.
- the invention relates to a method for floating Execute sheet or sheet material over a conveyor line, in which the material is supported on one side on air cushions and a vacuum is applied between the air cushions.
- the object is achieved in that the adjacent air cushions are formed by free jets flowing past and crossing one another with a sufficient distance, and in that the negative pressure is built up on the side of the material facing away from the free jets and penetrates through the free jets.
- the invention furthermore relates to a device for the suspended guiding of sheet-like or web-shaped material over a conveying path, which consists of blowing agent-fed floating nozzles arranged at a distance from one another, between which nozzle bodies and the material by the blowing agent an overpressure can be built up in the form of air cushions is and between their adjacent nozzle bodies means are arranged to build up a negative pressure effective on the material.
- the object is achieved in that free jet nozzles are arranged in series in order to build up the air cushions in the nozzle bodies at a mutual distance and at a distance from the respectively opposite nozzle bodies, of which the free jet nozzles formed in one nozzle body are opposite those in the other Nozzle bodies designed free jet nozzles are offset by about half a pitch (distance between adjacent free jet nozzles) in the direction of the row in such a way that the free jets flow past one another and intersect and that as a means of building up the negative pressure effective on the material between the nozzle bodies, suction shafts for generating the negative pressure the side of the material facing away from the free jet nozzles are arranged.
- the constant change between pressure and suction forces has a positive effect on the stable guidance because the material takes the form of a standing wave.
- the material is preferably conveyed slowly by tensile forces acting on its front edge. Since in the method according to the invention the material is not in a flat position over a ventilated guide surface, but because of the alternating overpressure and underpressure is conveyed in a wave shape, the end of the sheet cannot flutter and / or its corners turn over. In the case of web-shaped material, the longitudinal folds caused by tension in the conventional method and which reduce the quality of the finished product cannot form.
- the suction shafts are equipped with injectors to generate the negative pressure without connecting all suction channels to a fan.
- the injectors consist of a tube fed with blowing agent and provided with small nozzles in a narrow division, or are supplied within the suction channel by a common blowing agent supply of the floating nozzles when the guide is level.
- the invention provides that for the sluggish transport of the sheets extending across the conveying line, driven rods with grippers are provided with which the Leading edge of the sheet is detectable.
- the air cushion effect includes the presence of the material above the nozzle body and the vacuum effect includes the presence of the material above the gap.
- the outermost end of the arch alternately and incompletely covers these areas, so that this end of the arch is less well guided and therefore tends to flutter.
- further rods circulate between the rods equipped with grippers and that all rods are provided with blades along their length, the flow shadow of which extends to the next blade.
- This flow shadow ensures that the differential speed between the material and the blowing agent remains so small that the buoyancy forces acting on the material can no longer cause flutter. This effect can be further improved if the conveyor line is shielded by a wall. Additionally or alternatively, it is possible to arrange nozzles-fed nozzles at a great distance above the conveyor section, the free jets of which blow flat onto the conveyor plane in the conveying direction and generate a blowing agent flow in the channel formed by the wall and the material at a lower speed than the conveying speed.
- the S-shaped conveyor section for printed sheets 1a, 1b, 1c shown in FIG. 1 is arranged between a take-over roller 4 of an offset printing machine and a sheet deposit 6.
- a pair of revolving chains 5 are provided which are guided over guide elements (not shown) and which carry bars 2 arranged transversely to the conveying direction and which are equipped with gripper elements 2a for detecting the start of a sheet.
- the takeover roller 4 and the bars 2 equipped with grippers 2a are matched to one another in terms of their speed so that the bars 2 meet with a recess 4a in the takeover roller 4 in order to be able to detect the beginning of the arc here without collision.
- Shovels 8a are attached to the bars 2.
- blades 8b are provided between the rods 2 on further rods, not shown.
- each nozzle body 3 is designed as a hollow box and has on its side facing the conveying path a convexly curved back 11, on the edges of which there are circular transitions 12 and on the back a bottom 13 with inlets 13a, via which Blowing agent gets into the nozzle body 3.
- rows of holes 15 are arranged as nozzles, from which free jets 15a emerge.
- the holes 15 of adjacent nozzle bodies 3 are offset by half a division, so that the free jets 15a pointing in the opposite directions flow past one another at a distance and strike the opposite curved back 11.
- the structure and the aerodynamic function of such floating nozzles is known from DE 36 07 370.
- suction shafts 21 The spaces between the nozzle bodies 3, 3a form suction shafts 21.
- these suction shafts 23 are delimited by walls 16, which also delimit blowing agent feeds 14, from which the blowing agent is fed to the nozzle boxes 3 via the inlets 13a.
- blow pipes 17 are arranged between the walls widening at the top, the blow agent supply of which can be individually adjusted, and blow agent jets 18 a emerge from their nozzle holes 18 according to the injector principle and blow into the suction shafts 23. Due to the distances between the free jets 15a this negative pressure can penetrate the free jets 15a and take effect on the bends 1, 1a, 1b, 1c.
- the sluggishly conveyed sheet 1a, 1b, 1c is exposed to an overpressure in the area of the back 11 and to an underpressure in the area of the suction channels 23 due to the free jets 15a directed towards one another, so that the sheet is conveyed over the conveying path in the form of a standing wave. Due to the blades 8a, 8b conveyed with the arc, a flow shadow which is dashed in FIG. 1 and which promotes flutter-free guidance is formed on the side of the arc 1a, 1b, 1c facing away from the nozzle bodies 3.
- the quiet conveyance is further favored by the fact that a channel 9a is formed by a partition 9 arranged in the convex region of the conveying path.
- free-jet nozzles 10 are arranged in the concave region of the conveying section, which ensure that a blowing agent flow that runs along with the arc is established, which also favors the running flow in channel 9a.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 differs from that of FIGS. 2 and 3 only in that the negative pressure in the suction channels is not generated by the blow jets from special blow pipes, but by blow jets 21 which emerge from the nozzle bodies 3. So that these blowing jets 21 from adjacent nozzle bodies do not interfere with one another with regard to their injector action, they are offset from one another and shielded from one another by separating plates 22. In this case, the suction force can be adjusted by throttling the nozzle holes for the injector jets 21 to a greater or lesser extent.
- the diagram of FIG. 4 shows the load-bearing behavior of the floating nozzles in a dimensionless representation.
- the abscissa represents the distance of the Material 1 from the back 11 of the floating nozzles.
- the ordinate represents the load-bearing capacity of the floating nozzle.
- the dimensionless distance is the ratio of the distance to the length of the back 11 of the floating nozzles in the conveying direction.
- the dimensionless load capacity is the ratio of the absolute load capacity in the area of the back 11 to the product of the sum of the hydraulic hole cross sections of the nozzles 15 and the pressure of the blowing jets 15a acting on the material.
- the maximum load capacity at point A is around 20. It must not be reached, otherwise contact will occur.
- the maximum distance at point B is 0.2. It is not reached because no material is without weight.
- the load capacity O-C at point C corresponds to the weight G of the material on a level, horizontal route.
- the load capacity at point D corresponds to the weight O-C of the material plus the centrifugal force C-D acting on it according to the ordinate yB.
- a vacuum of the size of the load capacity 5 must be superimposed, which is the same size as the centrifugal force C-D at point D.
- the load capacity curve remains unchanged, but the abscissa is then at level E and ordinate yE is valid.
- the centrifugal force must also be compensated, which corresponds to the load capacity 5 if the same curvature is assumed as in the concave part.
- the abscissa with level F and the ordinate yF apply to the convex part.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Discharge By Other Means (AREA)
- Advancing Webs (AREA)
- Delivering By Means Of Belts And Rollers (AREA)
- Feeding Of Articles By Means Other Than Belts Or Rollers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Das schwebende Führen von bogen- oder bahnförmigem Material ist trotz der verschiedensten nach dem Luftkissen- oder Tragflächenprinzip arbeitenden Vorrichtungen zum schwebenden Führen auch heute jedenfalls dann noch problematisch, wenn dünneres Material mit einer berührungsempfindlichen Oberfläche über unterschiedlich gekrümmte Strecken gefördert werden muß. In Bogen-Offset-Druckmaschinen wird heute mit Transportgeschwindigkeiten gearbeitet, bei denen die Bogen zum Flattern kommen. Die Transportzeit vom Druckwerk zur Ablage ist derart kurz, daß das Farböl, insbesondere beim doppelseitigen 4-Farbendruck auf gestrichenem und geglättetem Papier nicht schnell genug wegschlagen kann, um bei Berührung des Bogens infolge einsetzenden Flatterns ein Verschmieren des Druckes auszuschließen. Die Führung der Bogen über belüftete Führungsflächen ist problematisch, weil wegen der unterschiedlichen Krümmungen der Förderstrecke die am Bogen wirksamen Fliehkräfte in ihrer Richtung und Größe wechseln. Durch einseitiges Abstützen der Bogen an Luftkissendüsen kann deshalb eine Berührung der Bogen mit den Führungsflächen nicht sicher verhindert werden. Mit Tragflächendüsen läßt sich eine Berührung ebenfalls nicht verhindern, weil solche in Förderrichtung blasende Düsen die Bogen zusammenschieben und solche gegen Förderrichtung blasende Düsen das Flattern des Bogenendes verstärken.The floating guiding of sheet-like or sheet-like material is still problematic in spite of the various devices for floating guiding that work according to the air cushion or wing principle, if thinner material with a touch-sensitive surface has to be conveyed over differently curved paths. In sheet-fed offset printing machines, transport speeds are currently used at which the sheets flutter. The transport time from the printing unit to storage is so short that the color oil, especially with double-sided 4-color printing on coated and smoothed paper, cannot strike away quickly enough to prevent smearing of the print when the sheet is touched as a result of fluttering. The guidance of the bends over ventilated guide surfaces is problematic because, due to the different curvatures of the conveying path, the centrifugal forces effective on the bend in their direction and size switch. By one-sided support of the sheets on air cushion nozzles, contact of the sheets with the guide surfaces cannot be reliably prevented. Contact with wing nozzles cannot be prevented either, because such nozzles blowing in the conveying direction push the sheets together and such nozzles blowing against the conveying direction intensify the fluttering of the bow end.
Bei einer bekannten Vorrichtung zum schwebenden Führen (DE-GM 69 39 363) ist die Materialbahn abwechselnd auf einem Luftkissen abgestützt und Unterdruck ausgesetzt. Die Vorrichtung besteht aus gelochten Düsenkörpern, durch die in Förderrichtung abwechselnd Luft zum Aufbau von Luftkissen ausgeblasen wird oder durch die Luft angesaugt wird. Auf diese Art und Weise ergibt sich in Förderrichtung eine strenge Trennung zwischen Bereichen, in denen die Materialbahn ausschließlich Druckkräften ausgesetzt ist und Bereichen, in denen die Materialbahn ausschließlich Spuckräften ausgesetzt ist. Das hab zur Folge, daß von einer solchen Vorrichtung nur Materialbahnen berührungsfrei transportiert werden können, die unter Bahnzug stehen. Freigeführte Bogen würden dagegen mit ihren vorderen und hinteren Enden in den Bereichen, in denen nur saugende Kräfte wirksam sind, angesogen werden, so daß eine Berührung unvermeidbar ist.In a known device for floating guidance (DE-GM 69 39 363) the material web is alternately supported on an air cushion and exposed to negative pressure. The device consists of perforated nozzle bodies through which air is alternately blown out in the direction of conveyance to build up air cushions or is sucked in through the air. In this way, there is a strict separation in the conveying direction between areas in which the material web is only exposed to compressive forces and areas in which the material web is only exposed to spitting forces. This has the consequence that such a device can only transport material webs that are under web tension without contact. Free-running arches, on the other hand, would be drawn in with their front and rear ends in the areas in which only suction forces are effective, so that contact is unavoidable.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum schwebenden Führen von bogen- oder bahnförmigem Material zu schaffen, bei dem beziehungsweise mit der das Material auch bei verschiedenster Krümmung der Förderstrecke flatterfrei und absulut berührungslos transportiert wird.The object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for the floating guiding of sheet-like or sheet-like material, in which or with which the material is transported flutter-free and absolutely contact-free even with the most varied curvature of the conveying path.
Die Erfindung geht von einem Verfahren zum schwebenden Führen von bogen- oder bahnförmigem Material über eine Förderstrecke aus, bei dem das Material einseitig an Luftkissen abgestützt und zwischen den Luftkissen mit Unterdruck beaufschlagt ist. Bei diesem Verfahren wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die benachbarten Luftkissen von mit ausreichend großem Abstand aneinander vorbeiströmenden und sich kreuzenden Freistrahlen gebildet werden, und daß der Unterdruck auf der in bezug auf die Freistrahlen abgewandten Seite des Materials aufgebaut wird und die Freistrahlen durchgreift.The invention relates to a method for floating Execute sheet or sheet material over a conveyor line, in which the material is supported on one side on air cushions and a vacuum is applied between the air cushions. In this method, the object is achieved in that the adjacent air cushions are formed by free jets flowing past and crossing one another with a sufficient distance, and in that the negative pressure is built up on the side of the material facing away from the free jets and penetrates through the free jets.
Die Erfindung geht ferner von einer Vorrichtung zum schwebenden Führen von bogen- oder bahnförmigem Material über eine Förderstrecke, die aus mit gegenseitigem Abstand voreinander angeordneten, blasmittelgespeisten Schwebedüsen besteht, aus, zwischen deren Düsenkörpern und dem Material durch das Blasmittel ein Überdruck in Form von Luftkissen aufbaubar ist und zwischen deren benachbarten Düsenkörpern Mittel zum Aufbau eines am Material wirksamen Unterdrucks angeordnet sind. Bei einer solchen Vorrichtung wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß zum Aufbau der Luftkissen in den Düsenkörpern in Reihe mit gegenseitigem Abstand und mit Abstand von den jeweils gegenüberliegenden Düsenkörpern angeordnete Freistrahldüsen ausgebildet sind, von denen die in dem einen Düsenkörper ausgebildeten Freistrahldüsen gegenüber den in dem anderen Düsenkörper ausgebildeten Freistrahldüsen um etwa eine halbe Teilung (Abstand benachbarter Freistrahldüsen) in Richtung der Reihe derart versetzt sind, daß die Freistrahlen aneinander vorbeiströmen und sich kreuzen, und daß als Mittel zum Aufbau des am Material wirksamen Unterdrucks zwischen den Düsenkörpern Saugschächte zur Erzeugung des Unterdrucks auf der in bezug auf die Freistrahldüsen abgewandten Seite des Materials angeordnet sind.The invention furthermore relates to a device for the suspended guiding of sheet-like or web-shaped material over a conveying path, which consists of blowing agent-fed floating nozzles arranged at a distance from one another, between which nozzle bodies and the material by the blowing agent an overpressure can be built up in the form of air cushions is and between their adjacent nozzle bodies means are arranged to build up a negative pressure effective on the material. In such a device, the object is achieved in that free jet nozzles are arranged in series in order to build up the air cushions in the nozzle bodies at a mutual distance and at a distance from the respectively opposite nozzle bodies, of which the free jet nozzles formed in one nozzle body are opposite those in the other Nozzle bodies designed free jet nozzles are offset by about half a pitch (distance between adjacent free jet nozzles) in the direction of the row in such a way that the free jets flow past one another and intersect and that as a means of building up the negative pressure effective on the material between the nozzle bodies, suction shafts for generating the negative pressure the side of the material facing away from the free jet nozzles are arranged.
Bei der Erfindung wird durch den sich dem Überdruck überlagernden, in seiner Stärke einstellbaren Unterdruck erreicht, daß die über die gesamte Förderstrecke an dem Material wirksamen saug- und Druckkräfte in einem solchen Gleichgewicht gehalten werden, daß das Material stauchungs- und flatterfrei in einer gewünschten Ebene gefördert wird, ohne daß die Gefahr besteht, daß das Material mit Düsenkörpern in Berührung kommt. Der ständige Wechsel zwischen Druck- und Saugkräften wirkt sich günstig auf die stabile Führung aus, weil dadurch das Material die Form einer stehenden Welle annimmt.In the invention is achieved by the overpressure superimposed, adjustable in its strength that the effective suction and pressure forces on the material over the entire conveying path are kept in such an equilibrium that the material is compressed and flutter-free in a desired level is promoted without the risk that the material comes into contact with nozzle bodies. The constant change between pressure and suction forces has a positive effect on the stable guidance because the material takes the form of a standing wave.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung wird von den an sich bekannten Mitteln zum schwebenden Führen von Material in Form von aneinander vorbeiströmenden Freistrahlen (DE 36 07 370 C1) Gebrauch gemacht, um in diesem Bereich den die Freistrahlen durchgreifenden Unterdruck am Material wirksam werden zu lassen. Der besondere Vorteil ist dabei, daß mit einem vergleichsweise geringen Blasmittelvolumen ausgekommen wird und definierte Strömungsverhältnisse für das aus den Luftkissen abströmende Blasmittel erhalten werden.In the solution according to the invention, use is made of the means known per se for the floating guidance of material in the form of free jets flowing past one another (DE 36 07 370 C1) in order to allow the negative pressure on the material which penetrates the free jets to take effect in this area. The particular advantage here is that a comparatively small volume of blowing agent is used and defined flow conditions for the blowing agent flowing out of the air cushions are obtained.
Sofern das Material über Förderstrecken mit konvexer Krümmung und Förderstrecken mit konkaver Krümmung geführt wird, nimmt der Unterdruck an den Förderstrecken mit konvexer Krümmung mit zunehmender Fördergeschwindigkeit zu und an Förderstrecken mit konkaver Krümmung mit abnehmender Fördergeschwindigkeit ab.If the material is conveyed over conveyor lines with convex curvature and conveyor lines with concave curvature, the negative pressure on the conveyor lines with convex curvature increases with increasing conveyor speed and on conveyor lines with concave curvature with decreasing conveyor speed.
Vorzugsweise wird das Material, wie bei Bogen-Offset-Druckmaschinen üblich, durch an seiner Vorderkante angreifende Zugkräfte schleppend gefördert. Da bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren das Material nicht in Planlage über eine belüftete Führungsfläche, sondern wegen der abwechselnden Über- und Unterdruckbeaufschlagung wellenförmig gefördert wird, kann das Bogenende nicht flattern und/oder seine Ecken umschlagen. Bei bahnförmigem Material können sich die beim herkömmlichen Verfahren durch Zug bedingten, am Fertigprodukt qualitätsmindernd bemerkbar machenden Längsfalten nicht ausbilden.As is customary in sheet-fed offset printing machines, the material is preferably conveyed slowly by tensile forces acting on its front edge. Since in the method according to the invention the material is not in a flat position over a ventilated guide surface, but because of the alternating overpressure and underpressure is conveyed in a wave shape, the end of the sheet cannot flutter and / or its corners turn over. In the case of web-shaped material, the longitudinal folds caused by tension in the conventional method and which reduce the quality of the finished product cannot form.
Für die Erzeugung des Unterdrucks ohne Anschluß aller Saugkanäle an einen Ventilator sind die Saugschächte mit Injektoren bestückt. Bei gekrümmter Führung bestehen die Injektoren aus einem mit Blasmittel gespeisten und mit kleinen Düsen in enger Teilung versehenen Rohr oder werden innerhalb des Saugkanals bei ebener Führung von einer gemeinsamen Blasmittelzuführung der Schwebedüsen versorgt.The suction shafts are equipped with injectors to generate the negative pressure without connecting all suction channels to a fan. In the case of curved guidance, the injectors consist of a tube fed with blowing agent and provided with small nozzles in a narrow division, or are supplied within the suction channel by a common blowing agent supply of the floating nozzles when the guide is level.
Wie an sich von Vorrichtungen zum Fördern der in einer Offset-Druckmaschine bedruckten Bogen zu einer Ablage bekannt, ist bei der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß für den schleppenden Transport der Bogen sich quer über die Förderstrecke erstreckende, angetriebene Stäbe mit Greifern vorgesehen sind, mit denen die Vorderkante der Bogen erfaßbar ist.As is known per se from devices for conveying the sheets printed in an offset printing machine to a tray, the invention provides that for the sluggish transport of the sheets extending across the conveying line, driven rods with grippers are provided with which the Leading edge of the sheet is detectable.
Da das Material über eine sehr große Anzahl in und gegen Förderrichtung blasender sehr kleiner Freistrahlen über die Düsenkörper gefördert wird, besteht keine resultierende Strömungskomponente des Blasmittels in oder gegen Förderrichtung. Zur Luftkissenwirkung gehört das Vorhandensein des Materials über dem Düsenkörper und zur Unterdruckwirkung das Vorhandensein des Materials über den Zwischenraum. Das äußerste Bogenende deckt diese Bereiche nur abwechselnd und unvollständig ab, so daß dieses Bogenende weniger gut geführt wird und deshalb zum Flattern neigt. Um das zu vermeiden, ist nach einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen, daß zwischen den mit Greifern bestückten Stäben weitere Stäbe umlaufen und alle Stäbe über ihre Länge mit Schaufeln versehen sind, deren Strömungsschatten bis zur nächsten Schaufel reicht. Durch diesen Strömungsschatten wird erreicht, daß die Differenzgeschwindigkeit zwischen dem Material und dem Blasmittel so klein bleibt, daß die auf das Material wirkenden Auftriebskräfte kein Flattern mehr verursachen können. Dieser Effekt kann weiter verbessert werden, wenn die Förderstrecke durch eine Wand abgeschirmt ist. Zusätzlich oder auch alternativ ist es möglich, oberhalb der Förderstrecke mit großem Abstand blasmittelgespeiste Düsen anzuordnen, deren Freistrahlen flach auf die Förderebene in Förderrichtung blasen und einen Blasmittelstrom in dem von der Wand und dem Material gebildeten Kanal von geringerer Geschwindigkeit als die Fördergeschwindigkeit erzeugen.Since the material is conveyed via the nozzle bodies via a very large number of very small free jets blowing in and against the conveying direction, there is no resulting flow component of the blowing agent in or against the conveying direction. The air cushion effect includes the presence of the material above the nozzle body and the vacuum effect includes the presence of the material above the gap. The outermost end of the arch alternately and incompletely covers these areas, so that this end of the arch is less well guided and therefore tends to flutter. In order to avoid this, according to one embodiment of the invention it is provided that further rods circulate between the rods equipped with grippers and that all rods are provided with blades along their length, the flow shadow of which extends to the next blade. This flow shadow ensures that the differential speed between the material and the blowing agent remains so small that the buoyancy forces acting on the material can no longer cause flutter. This effect can be further improved if the conveyor line is shielded by a wall. Additionally or alternatively, it is possible to arrange nozzles-fed nozzles at a great distance above the conveyor section, the free jets of which blow flat onto the conveyor plane in the conveying direction and generate a blowing agent flow in the channel formed by the wall and the material at a lower speed than the conveying speed.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einer ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung näher erläutert. Im einzelnen zeigen:
- Fig. 1 eine Vorrichtung zum schwebenden Fördern von bogenförmigem Material von einer Druckmaschine zu einer Ablage in schematischer Darstellung in Seitenansicht,
- Fig. 2 die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 in Seitenansicht in einem vergrößerten Ausschnitt unmittelbar vor der Ablage,
- Fig. 3 die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 in Aufsicht in einem vergrößerten Ausschnitt unmittelbar vor der Ablage,
- Fig. 4 ein Diagramm für die Tragkraft in Abhängigkeit vom Abstand des Materials von den Schwebedüsen der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1,
- Fig. 5 die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1 in Seitenansicht in einem vergrößerten Ausschnitt in einer zu Fig. 2 und 3 anderen Ausführung,
- Fig. 6 die Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 5 in Aufsicht in einem Ausschnitt.
- 1 shows a device for the suspended conveying of sheet material from a printing press to a tray in a schematic representation in side view,
- 2 shows the device according to FIG. 1 in a side view in an enlarged detail immediately before the filing,
- 3 shows the device according to FIG. 1 in supervision in an enlarged detail immediately before the filing,
- 4 shows a diagram for the load capacity as a function of the distance of the material from the floating nozzles of the device according to FIG. 1,
- 5 shows the device according to FIG. 1 in a side view in an enlarged detail in a different embodiment from FIGS. 2 and 3,
- Fig. 6 shows the device of FIG. 5 in supervision in a detail.
Die in Fig. 1 dargestellte S-förmige Förderstrecke für bedruckte Bogen 1a, 1b, 1c ist zwischen einer Übernahmewalze 4 einer Offset-Druckmaschine und einer Bogenablage 6 angeordnet. Zum schleppenden Transport der Bogen 1a, 1b, 1c ist ein Paar von umlaufenden Ketten 5 vorgesehen, die über nicht dargestellte Führungselemente geführt sind und die quer zur Förderrichtung angeordnete Stäbe 2 tragen, die mit Greiferelementen 2a zum Erfassen des Anfangs eines Bogens bestückt sind. Die Übernahmewalze 4 und die mit Greifern 2a bestückten Stäbe 2 sind in ihrer Geschwindigkeit derart aufeinander abgestimmt, daß die Stäbe 2 mit einer Ausnehmung 4a in der Übernahmewalze 4 zusammentreffen, um hier den Bogenanfang kollisionsfrei erfassen zu können. An den Stäben 2 sind Schaufeln 8a, befestigt. Darüberhinaus sind zwischen den Stäben 2 an weiteren nicht dargestellten Stäben Schaufeln 8b vorgesehen.The S-shaped conveyor section for printed
Längs der S-förmig verlaufenden Förderstrecke ist auf der bedruckten Unterseite der Bogen 1a, 1b, 1c eine Vielzahl von mit Blasmittel gespeisten Schwebedüsen mit Düsenkästen 3 und dazwischen angeordneten Saugschächten 7 angeordnet. Wie die Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen, ist jeder Düsenkörper 3 als hohler Kasten ausgebildet und weist auf seiner der Förderbahn zugekehrten Seite einen konvex gebogenen Rücken 11, an dessen Rändern kreisbogenförmige Übergänge 12 und auf der Rückseite einen Boden 13 mit Einlässen 13a auf, über die Blasmittel in den Düsenkörper 3 gelangt. In den kreisbogenförmigen Übergängen 12 sind als Düsen Lochreihen 15 angeordnet, aus denen Freistrahlen 15a austreten. Die Löcher 15 benachbarter Düsenkörper 3 sind um jeweils eine halbe Teilung versetzt, so daß die in den entgegengesetzten Richtungen weisenden Freistrahlen 15a mit Abstand aneinander vorbeiströmen und auf den gegenüberliegenden gekrümmten Rücken 11 auftreffen. Der Aufbau und die aerodynamische Funktion solcher Schwebedüsen ist aus der DE 36 07 370 bekannt.Along the S-shaped conveyor line is on arranged on the printed underside of the
Der in Förderrichtung letzte Düsenkörper 3a ist nur zur Hälfte ausgeführt. Sein kurzer konvex gekrümmter Rücken 11a reicht bis nahe an eine dem Bogenstapel 6 unmittelbar vorgeordnete Saugwalze 20 heran, die synchron mit den Greifern 2a umläuft.Only half of the last nozzle body 3a in the conveying direction is executed. Its short, convexly curved back 11a extends close to a
Die Zwischenräume zwischen den Düsenkörpern 3, 3a bilden Saugschächte 21. Auf der Rückseite der Düsenkörper 3, 3a werden diese Saugschächte 23 von Wänden 16 begrenzt, die auch Blasmittelzuführungen 14 begrenzen, aus denen das Blasmittel über die Einlässe 13a den Düsenkästen 3 zugeführt wird. Zur Erzeugung eines Unterdrucks sind zwischen den sich oben erweiternden Wänden 16 Blasrohre 17 angeordnet, deren Blasmittelzufuhr individuell einstellbar ist, und aus deren Düsenlöchern 18 nach dem Injektorprinzip Blasmittelstrahlen 18a austreten und in die Saugschächte 23 blasen. Aufgrund der Abstände zwischen den Freistrahlen 15a kann dieser Unterdruck die Freistrahlen 15a durchgreifen und an den Bogen 1, 1a, 1b, 1c wirksam werden.The spaces between the
Der schleppend geförderte Bogen 1a, 1b, 1c ist aufgrund der aufeinander zugerichteten Freistrahlen 15a im Bereich des Rückens 11 einem Überdruck und im Bereich der Saugkanäle 23 einem Unterdruck ausgesetzt, so daß der Bogen in Form einer stehenden Welle über die Förderstrecke gefördert wird. Aufgrund der mit dem Bogen geförderten Schaufeln 8a, 8b bildet sich auf der den Düsenkörpern 3 abgekehrten Seite der Bogen 1a, 1b, 1c ein mit Fördergeschwindigkeit laufender, in Fig. 1 gestrichelter Strömungsschatten, der eine flatterfreie Führung begünstigt. Die ruhige Förderung wird weiterhin dadurch begünstigt, daß durch eine im konvexen Bereich der Förderstrecke angeordnete Trennwand 9 ein Kanal 9a gebildet ist. Im konkaven Bereich der Förderstrecke sind dagegen Freistrahldüsen 10 angeordnet, die dafür sorgen, daß sich eine mit dem Bogen mitlaufende Blasmittelströmung einstellt, die zusätzlich auch die mitlaufende Strömung im Kanal 9a begünstigt.The sluggishly conveyed
Das Ausführungsbeispiel der Figuren 5 und 6 unterscheidet sich von dem der Figuren 2 und 3 nur dadurch, daß der Unterdruck in den Saugkanälen nicht durch die Blasstrahlen aus besonderen Blasrohren erzeugt wird, sondern durch Blasstrahlen 21, die aus den Düsenkörpern 3 austreten. Damit diese Blasstrahlen 21 aus benachbarten Düsenkörpern sich nicht gegenseitig bezüglich ihrer Injektorwirkung behindern, sind sie gegeneinander versetzt und durch Trennbleche 22 voneinander abgeschirmt. In diesem Fall kann die Saugkraft durch mehr oder weniger starke Drosselung der Düsenlöcher für die Injektorstrahlen 21 eingestellt werden.The exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 5 and 6 differs from that of FIGS. 2 and 3 only in that the negative pressure in the suction channels is not generated by the blow jets from special blow pipes, but by
Bei dem Diagramm der Fig. 4 ist das Tragkraftverhalten der Schwebedüsen in dimensionsloser Darstellung wiedergegeben. Die Abszisse stellt den Abstand des Materials 1 von dem Rücken 11 der Schwebedüsen dar. Die Ordinate stellt die Tragkraft der Schwebedüse dar. Der dimensionslose Abstand ist das Verhältnis des Abstandes zur Länge des Rückens 11 der Schwebedüsen in Förderrichtung. Die dimensionslose Tragkraft ist das Verhältnis der absoluten Tragkraft im Bereich des Rückens 11 zu dem Produkt aus der Summe der hydraulischen Lochquerschnitte der Düsen 15 und der Pressung der das Material beaufschlagenden Blasstrahlen 15a.The diagram of FIG. 4 shows the load-bearing behavior of the floating nozzles in a dimensionless representation. The abscissa represents the distance of the Material 1 from the back 11 of the floating nozzles. The ordinate represents the load-bearing capacity of the floating nozzle. The dimensionless distance is the ratio of the distance to the length of the
Die maximale Tragkraft im Punkt A ist etwa 20. Sie darf nicht erreicht werden, da sonst Berührung auftritt. Der maximale Abstand im Punkt B ist 0,2. Er wird nicht erreicht, da kein Material ohne Gewicht ist. Auf ebener, waagerechter Strecke entspricht die Tragkraft O-C im Punkt C dem Gewicht G des Materials. Auf konkaver Strecke entspricht die Tragkraft im Punkte D dem Gewicht O-C des Materials plus der auf ihm wirkenden Fliehkraft C-D gemäß Ordinate yB. Um den Punkt D als Arbeitspunkt auch auf dem geraden Teil der Förderstrecke zu erhalten, wo keine Fliehkraft wirksam ist, ist ein Unterdruck von der Größe der Tragkraft 5 zu überlagern, die gleich groß wie die Fliehkraft C-D im Punkt D ist. Die Tragkraftkurve bleibt unverändert die Abszisse liegt dann aber auf dem Niveau E und es ist Ordinate yE gültig. Im konvexen Teil ist zusätzlich die Fliehkraft zu kompensieren, die bei angenommener gleicher Krümmung wie im konkaven Teil wieder der Tragkraft 5 entspricht. Für den konvexen Teil gilt die Abszisse mit dem Niveau F und die Ordinate yF.The maximum load capacity at point A is around 20. It must not be reached, otherwise contact will occur. The maximum distance at point B is 0.2. It is not reached because no material is without weight. The load capacity O-C at point C corresponds to the weight G of the material on a level, horizontal route. On a concave path, the load capacity at point D corresponds to the weight O-C of the material plus the centrifugal force C-D acting on it according to the ordinate yB. In order to maintain the point D as a working point on the straight part of the conveyor line, where no centrifugal force is effective, a vacuum of the size of the
Wird nun der Arbeitspunkt D auch bei Start der Maschine gewünscht so bleibt der Unterdruck auf der geraden Strecke gemäß yE unverändert erhalten, auf der konkaven Strecke wird er um den Betrag K aufgebaut und auf der konvexen Strecke um den Betrag K abgebaut, d.h. beim Start sind alle Unterdrücke gleich 5 und die Abszisse liegt für alle Bereiche bei E.If working point D is now also desired when the machine is started, the vacuum remains on the straight line obtained unchanged according to yE, it is built up by the amount K on the concave route and reduced by the amount K on the convex route, ie at the start all negative pressures are 5 and the abscissa is E. for all areas
Claims (10)
- Process for the suspended guidance of material in sheet or web form over a conveying section, in which the material is supported on one side on air cushions and is subjected to negative pressure between the air cushions, characterised in that the neighbouring air cushions are formed by free jets which flow past one another at a sufficiently great distance and cross one another, and in that the negative pressure is built up on the side of the material facing away with respect to the free jets and is effective through the free jets.
- Process according to Claim 1, characterised in that the material is conveyed over conveying sections with convex curvature and conveying sections with concave curvature, the negative pressure increasing with increasing conveying speed over the conveying sections with convex curvature and decreasing with decreasing conveying speed over conveying sections with concave curvature.
- Apparatus for the suspended guidance of material in sheet or web form (1a, 1b, 1c) over a conveying section, which comprises suspension nozzles which are arranged with mutual spacing from one another, are fed with blowing medium and between the nozzle bodies (3) of which and the material (1a, 1b, 1c) a positive pressure in the form of air cushions can be built up by the blowing medium, and between the neighbouring nozzle bodies (3) of which means (16, 17) are arranged for building up a negative pressure acting on the material (1a, 1b, 1c), characterised in that, for building up the air cushions in the nozzle bodies (3), there are formed free-jet nozzles (15) which are arranged in series with mutual spacing and at a distance from the respectively opposite nozzle bodies (3) and of which the free-jet nozzles (15) formed in the one nozzle body (3) are offset with respect to the free-jet nozzles (15) formed in the other nozzle body (3) by approximately half an interval (spacing of neighbouring free-jet nozzles 15) in the direction of the series in such a way that the free jets (15a) flow past one another and cross one another, and in that, as means for building up the negative pressure acting on the material (1a, 1b, 1c), suction shafts (23) are arranged between the nozzle bodies (3) for generating the negative pressure on the side of the material (1a, 1b, 1c) facing away with respect to the free-jet nozzles (15).
- Apparatus according to Claim 3, characterized in that the negative pressure of the suction shafts (23) can be set.
- Apparatus according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the suction shafts (23) are fitted with injectors (18) arranged distributed over their length.
- Apparatus according to Claim 5, characterised in that, in the case of a uniform guide section, the injectors have a common blowing medium feed (14).
- Apparatus according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, in the case of an only rectilinear guide section, the injectors and the suspension nozzles have a common blowing medium supply.
- Apparatus according to one of Claims 3 to 7, characterized in that, in the case of dragging transport of the material in sheet form (1a, 1b, 1c) by means of driven rods (2) extending tranzversely over the conveying section and having grippers (2a) with which the leading edge of the material in sheet form (1a, 1b, 1c) can be seized, between the rods (2) fitted with grippers (2a) further rods run around and all the rods are provided over their length with paddles (8a, 8b), the aerodynamic shadow of which reaches up to the next paddle (8a, 8b).
- Apparatus according to Claim 8, characterized in that the conveying section is screened off on the side facing away from the nozzle bodies (3) by a wall (9).
- Apparatus according to Claim 9, characterized in that there are arranged at a great distance above the conveying section nozzles (10) which are fed with blowing medium and the free jets of which blow flatly onto the conveying plane in the conveying direction and generate in the channel (9a) formed by the wall (9) and the material (1a, 1b, 1c) a stream of blowing medium of lower speed than the conveying speed.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3811264 | 1988-04-02 | ||
DE3811264 | 1988-04-02 | ||
DE3841909 | 1988-12-13 | ||
DE3841909A DE3841909A1 (en) | 1988-04-02 | 1988-12-13 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE FLOATING GUIDANCE OF ARCHED OR RAIL-SHAPED MATERIAL OVER A CONVEYOR LINE, ESPECIALLY A CURVED CONVEYOR LINE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0408591A1 EP0408591A1 (en) | 1991-01-23 |
EP0408591B1 true EP0408591B1 (en) | 1993-06-09 |
Family
ID=25866661
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89903127A Expired - Lifetime EP0408591B1 (en) | 1988-04-02 | 1989-03-03 | Process and device for the suspended conveyance of material in sheets or in webs over a conveying route, in particular a curved conveying route |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5222726A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0408591B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3841909A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1989009177A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (22)
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DE3841909A1 (en) * | 1988-04-02 | 1989-10-19 | Hilmar Vits | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE FLOATING GUIDANCE OF ARCHED OR RAIL-SHAPED MATERIAL OVER A CONVEYOR LINE, ESPECIALLY A CURVED CONVEYOR LINE |
DE4012940A1 (en) * | 1990-04-24 | 1991-10-31 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | ARCH GUIDE DEVICE IN A BOW ROTATION PRINTING MACHINE |
DE4223839C1 (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1993-12-23 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | Sheet guiding cylinder of a printing machine |
DE4242730C2 (en) * | 1992-12-17 | 1997-01-30 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | Sheet delivery of a printing press |
DE4322324C2 (en) * | 1993-07-05 | 2002-01-17 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | Sheet transport and sheet guiding in the delivery area of rotary printing machines |
DE4427448B4 (en) * | 1994-08-03 | 2008-07-31 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Device for non-contact guiding sheet material |
DE4433644B4 (en) * | 1994-09-21 | 2005-03-03 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Method and device for guiding a sheet |
DE19527441C2 (en) * | 1995-07-27 | 1998-01-29 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | Method and device for pneumatic sheet braking in the delivery of a sheet-fed rotary printing machine |
US6182567B1 (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 2001-02-06 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft | Printing press with an actuator |
US5951006A (en) * | 1998-05-22 | 1999-09-14 | Xerox Corporation | Modular air jet array with coanda exhausting for module decoupling |
DE10007249A1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2000-10-05 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | Sheet output assembly for a sheet printer has an air flow mechanism comprised of axial blowers that re-circulate the air, preventing any dust from escaping from the output housing |
DE10304618B4 (en) * | 2002-03-25 | 2018-10-18 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Labyrinthdüse |
JP4954439B2 (en) * | 2002-10-21 | 2012-06-13 | ハイデルベルガー ドルツクマシーネン アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | Sheet processing machine with pneumatic sheet guide device |
DE10335581A1 (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2005-02-24 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Device for guiding and drying a running fibrous web |
US7431290B2 (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2008-10-07 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Device for guiding a print carrier, method for producing a print carrier guiding device and machine for processing a print carrier |
WO2005047000A1 (en) * | 2003-11-17 | 2005-05-26 | Silverbrook Research Pty Ltd | Blower box assembly for a printer |
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DE102004060031B4 (en) * | 2004-10-22 | 2009-10-01 | Gerhard Bach | Guide for guiding sheets of material or webs of material |
DE102006002357B4 (en) | 2005-02-11 | 2022-02-17 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Device for supporting or guiding a sheet of printing material |
EP1970334A3 (en) | 2007-03-15 | 2009-12-30 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft | Soil cultivation machine with pneumatic transport device |
KR101259929B1 (en) * | 2010-06-24 | 2013-05-02 | 파나소닉 주식회사 | A conveying method using floating conveyor and an apparatus for the method |
FI126242B (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2016-08-31 | Takso-Ohjelmistot Oy | Arrangement and procedure for lace drawing on fibrous web and lace drawing equipment |
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US2474997A (en) * | 1947-02-21 | 1949-07-05 | Miehle Printing Press & Mfg | Sheet delivery controlling method and means therefor |
DE1499078B2 (en) * | 1966-11-23 | 1973-03-29 | Vits-Maschinenbau Gmbh, 4018 Langenfeld | METHOD AND EQUIPMENT FOR STABILIZING THE LOCATION OF A TRACK IN THE CASE OF FLOATING THROUGH A TREATMENT ROOM WITH AT LEAST PARTICULAR WING PROFILE-LIMITED TREATMENT ROOM BY A BLINDING MACHINE IN THE WINDOW OF THE WINDOW |
CH511123A (en) * | 1969-08-01 | 1971-08-15 | Roland Offsetmaschf | Device on printing machines for guiding sheets or a web |
DE6939363U (en) * | 1969-10-09 | 1974-04-04 | Vits Gmbh Maschf | PROCEDURE AND EQUIPMENT FOR THE CONTACTLESS STABILIZATION OF A TRACK OF GOODS MOVING IN ITS LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION. |
US3680223A (en) * | 1969-10-11 | 1972-08-01 | Vits Gmbh Maschbau | Apparatus for a non-contacting directional control of a web |
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SE429770B (en) * | 1978-12-06 | 1983-09-26 | Flaekt Ab | DEVICE FOR DRYING OF COATED MATERIAL |
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DD241042A1 (en) * | 1985-09-23 | 1986-11-26 | Polygraph Leipzig | ARC DIRECTION IN PRINTING MACHINES |
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DE3607371C1 (en) * | 1986-03-06 | 1987-08-20 | Hilmar Vits | Device for the floating guiding of material webs using a gaseous or liquid medium |
DE3607370C1 (en) * | 1986-03-06 | 1987-11-05 | Hilmar Vits | Device for the floating guiding of material webs by means of a gaseous or liquid medium |
JPH07106823B2 (en) * | 1986-07-17 | 1995-11-15 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | Non-contact web transfer method |
DE3715533C2 (en) * | 1987-05-09 | 1997-07-17 | Krieger Gmbh & Co Kg | Device for levitating material webs |
ATE68221T1 (en) * | 1987-07-07 | 1991-10-15 | Hilmar Vits | DEVICE FOR CONTACTLESS GUIDE OF MATERIAL WEBS. |
US4837946A (en) * | 1988-03-09 | 1989-06-13 | Advance Systems, Inc. | Apparatus for floatingly suspending a running web through an arcuate path |
DE3841909A1 (en) * | 1988-04-02 | 1989-10-19 | Hilmar Vits | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE FLOATING GUIDANCE OF ARCHED OR RAIL-SHAPED MATERIAL OVER A CONVEYOR LINE, ESPECIALLY A CURVED CONVEYOR LINE |
DE3904774C1 (en) * | 1989-02-17 | 1990-05-17 | Hilmar 5653 Leichlingen De Vits |
-
1988
- 1988-12-13 DE DE3841909A patent/DE3841909A1/en active Granted
-
1989
- 1989-03-03 US US07/585,136 patent/US5222726A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-03 EP EP89903127A patent/EP0408591B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-03-03 WO PCT/EP1989/000219 patent/WO1989009177A1/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0408591A1 (en) | 1991-01-23 |
WO1989009177A1 (en) | 1989-10-05 |
US5222726A (en) | 1993-06-29 |
DE3841909C2 (en) | 1990-09-13 |
DE3841909A1 (en) | 1989-10-19 |
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