EP0394960A1 - Mikrostreifenleiterantenne - Google Patents

Mikrostreifenleiterantenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0394960A1
EP0394960A1 EP90107766A EP90107766A EP0394960A1 EP 0394960 A1 EP0394960 A1 EP 0394960A1 EP 90107766 A EP90107766 A EP 90107766A EP 90107766 A EP90107766 A EP 90107766A EP 0394960 A1 EP0394960 A1 EP 0394960A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductor
microstrip antenna
radiation conductor
ground conductor
spacing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90107766A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Shinichi Nomoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KDDI Corp
Original Assignee
Kokusai Denshin Denwa KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kokusai Denshin Denwa KK filed Critical Kokusai Denshin Denwa KK
Publication of EP0394960A1 publication Critical patent/EP0394960A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0471—Non-planar, stepped or wedge-shaped patch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a microstrip antenna in which a dielectric substrate is sandwiched by a radiation conductor and a ground conductor, and a feeder is coupled with a feed point of the radiation conductor.
  • a microstrip antenna which has a varied shape of flat radiation conductor facing a ground conductor with a dielectric layer between has been widely used.
  • the shape of the radiation conductor has been circular, square, rectangular, triangular, or pentagonal.
  • many modifications have been known in that the location of a feed point, and the manner for feeding, whether a part of a radiation conductor is grounded or not, and/or the manner of ground.
  • Fig.5 shows one of prior microstrip antennas, in which Fig.5A is a perspective view, and Fig.5B is a cross section.
  • the numeral 1 is a dielectric layer
  • 2 is a circular radiation conductor
  • 3 is a ground conductor
  • 4 is a feeder
  • 5 is a feed point on the radiation conductor 2.
  • a microstrip antenna uses an open-ended planar circuit resonator which is comprised of a radiation conductor 2, a ground conductor 3 and the peripheral portion of the radiation conductor 2.
  • the Q factor at the resonant frequency f is proportional to h/ ⁇ , where h is the thickness of the dielectric layer 1, and ⁇ is the free space wavelength.
  • the desired VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio) measured from the feeder is ⁇ (>1)
  • the VSWR is less than ⁇ in the frequency band between f- ⁇ f and f+ ⁇ f
  • the relative bandwidth Br and Q Br ⁇ 2 ⁇ f/f ⁇ (1/Q)x( ⁇ 2-1)/2 ⁇ .
  • the relative bandwidth Br is inverse-proportional to Q, and is proportional to h/ ⁇ . Accordingly, the requests for a thin antenna, and wideband characteristics for a microstrip antenna are contradictory.
  • a prior microstrip antenna has the disadvantage that when exciting frequency changes 2% through 5% from the resonant frequency, the electrical characteristics, including the impedance characteristics, the directivity characteristics and the polarization characteristics are deteriorated.
  • a microstrip antenna comprising a radiation conductor (12) and a ground conductor (13) sandwiching a dielectric substrate (11) which is thin as compared with operational wavelength, and a feeder (14) coupled with a feed point on said radiation conductor (12), wherein spacing between said radiation conductor (12) and said ground conductor (13) is essentially large at peripheral portion of said radiation conductor as compared with that at central portion of said radiation conductor.
  • Fig.1 shows the cross section of the embodiment of the microstrip antenna according to the present invention, in which the numeral 11 is a dielectric substrate, 12 is a radiation conductor, 13 is a ground conductor, 14 is a feeder, and 15 is a feed point.
  • the important feature of the present invention as compared with a prior art resides in that the spacing between the radiation conductor 12 and the ground conductor 13 is large at the peripheral portion of the radiation conductor 12, as compared with that of the central portion.
  • the impedance at the peripheral portion where the electromagnetic wave is radiated is close to that of the free space impedance, and the Q factor at the resonant frequency is essentially small.
  • the spacing between two conductors at the central portion of those conductors is not large, undesired higher modes are not generated, and the reactance component of the input impedance measured from the feeder can be small. Therefore, the impedance matching for the maximum bandwidth is possible by proper adjustment of a feed point.
  • the resonant frequency is not a point on a frequency axis, but distributes on some extension on a frequency axis.
  • the thickness of the radiation conductor 12 changes stepwise so that the spacing between the radiation conductor and the ground conductor is larger at the peripheral portion of those conductors than that at the centeral portion of those conductors.
  • Fig.2 shows another embodiment according to the present invention, in which Fig.2A shows a cross section of a microstrip antenna according to the present invention, and Fig.2B shows the curves which show the improvement of a return loss according to the present invention.
  • h(r) h0 + (h e -h0)(r/r e )2, (2) where h0 and h e are spacing between the ground conductor and the radiation conductor at the center and the end, respectively, of the radiation conductor, r e is the radius of the radiation conductor, and r is a variable indicating the radial length from the center of the radiation conductor.
  • the equation (2) shows that the curve h(r) is a parabola, and the spacing between the ground conductor and the radiation conductor is larger at the peripheral portion of the radiation conductor than the center of the same.
  • Fig.2B shows the curves of the return loss of a microstrip antenna with the parameters h0, h e , and the value (a) which is the length between the feed point 15 and the center of the radiation conductor.
  • the abscissa shows the frequency in GHz
  • the ordinate shows the return loss in dB.
  • the thick curve (d) shows the characteristics of the present invention, and other curves (a), (b) and (c) show the prior characteristics.
  • the prior curve (c) which has the thin spacing 3.2 mm has the bandwidth approximately 31 MHz (2%) in which the return loss is less than -10 dB.
  • the prior curve (b) shows that the decrease of said reactance component is accomplished by adjusting the feed point, and the return loss is slightly improved, but the improvement is not sufficient enough for practical use.
  • the bandwidth of the present invention is wide enough for covering the operational frequency of the prior antennas with equal thickness of dielectric layer between that having the center spacing h0 and that having the end spacing h e .
  • Figs.3A through 3D show other embodiments of the cross section of the present microstrip antenna.
  • the surface of the radiation conductor 22 facing the ground conductor 13 is conical, so that the spacing between the radiation conductor 22 and the ground conductor changes linearly.
  • the radiation conductor 32 is a part of a sphere.
  • the surface of the ground conductor 23 facing the radiation conductor 12 is conical.
  • the ground conductor 33 is a part of a sphere so that the spacing at the central portion of the conductors is smaller than that at the peripheral portion.
  • one of the radiation conductor or the ground conductor is conical or spheric, and the other conductor flat, so that the spacing between two conductors at the peripheral portion is larger than that at the central portion.
  • Fig.4 shows the cross section of still another embodiment of a microstrip antenna according to the present invention.
  • both the radiation conductor and the ground conductor are either conical of sperical so that the spacing at the central portion is smaller than that at the peripheral portion.
  • Fig.6 shows the production steps of the microstrip antenna according to the present invention.
  • a dielectric substrate 11 is ground by a grinder 100 which is spheric and rotates around the center spindle, as shown in Fig.6A. Then, the structure as shown in Fig.6B is obtained.
  • a conductive thin layer 22 is deposited on the ground surface of the dielectric substrate 11 through the evaporation process, and the structure as shown in Fig.6C is obtained.
  • a feeder 14 is coupled with the conductive layer 22 as shown in Fig.6E.
  • a ground conductor 13 is deposited at the rear surface of the dielectric substrate 11 through, for instance, the evaporation process.
  • the spacing between a radiation conductor 12 and a ground conductor 13 is large at the peripheral portion of those conductors as compared with that at the central portion of those conductors. Therefore, the present microstrip antenna has wide operational frequency band while maintaining the advantages of a microstrip antenna.
  • the present microstrip antenna is applicable to a mobile communication and/or aeronautical communication, which requires a thin antenna.

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  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
EP90107766A 1989-04-26 1990-04-24 Mikrostreifenleiterantenne Withdrawn EP0394960A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP104588/89 1989-04-26
JP10458889A JPH02284505A (ja) 1989-04-26 1989-04-26 マイクロストリップアンテナ

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0394960A1 true EP0394960A1 (de) 1990-10-31

Family

ID=14384596

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90107766A Withdrawn EP0394960A1 (de) 1989-04-26 1990-04-24 Mikrostreifenleiterantenne

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0394960A1 (de)
JP (1) JPH02284505A (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993011582A1 (en) * 1991-11-26 1993-06-10 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Compact broadband microstrip antenna
US5313216A (en) * 1991-05-03 1994-05-17 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Multioctave microstrip antenna
USH1460H (en) * 1992-04-02 1995-07-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Spiral-mode or sinuous microscrip antenna with variable ground plane spacing
US5453752A (en) * 1991-05-03 1995-09-26 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Compact broadband microstrip antenna
EP0757405A1 (de) * 1995-08-03 1997-02-05 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. Antenne
EP0806810A2 (de) * 1996-05-07 1997-11-12 Ascom Tech Ag Antenne gebildet durch ein streifenförmiges Resonanzelement über einer Grundplatte
US5694136A (en) * 1996-03-13 1997-12-02 Trimble Navigation Antenna with R-card ground plane
US5986615A (en) * 1997-09-19 1999-11-16 Trimble Navigation Limited Antenna with ground plane having cutouts
FR2818811A1 (fr) * 2000-12-26 2002-06-28 France Telecom Antenne imprimee pastille compacte
EP1445831A1 (de) * 2001-11-16 2004-08-11 Nippon Antena Kabushiki Kaisha Zusammengesetzte antenne
WO2006136843A1 (en) * 2005-06-23 2006-12-28 Bae Systems Plc Improvements in or relating to antennas

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005269366A (ja) * 2004-03-19 2005-09-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp アンテナ装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3618107A (en) * 1970-03-09 1971-11-02 Itt Broadband discone antenna having auxiliary cone
EP0279050A1 (de) * 1987-01-15 1988-08-24 Ball Corporation Antennenelement bestehend aus drei parasitär gekoppelten Streifenleitern
US4835540A (en) * 1985-09-18 1989-05-30 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Microstrip antenna

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3618107A (en) * 1970-03-09 1971-11-02 Itt Broadband discone antenna having auxiliary cone
US4835540A (en) * 1985-09-18 1989-05-30 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Microstrip antenna
EP0279050A1 (de) * 1987-01-15 1988-08-24 Ball Corporation Antennenelement bestehend aus drei parasitär gekoppelten Streifenleitern

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ELECTRONICS LETTER *
I.E.E. PROCEEDINGS, SECTION A-I *

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5313216A (en) * 1991-05-03 1994-05-17 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Multioctave microstrip antenna
US5453752A (en) * 1991-05-03 1995-09-26 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Compact broadband microstrip antenna
WO1993011582A1 (en) * 1991-11-26 1993-06-10 Georgia Tech Research Corporation Compact broadband microstrip antenna
USH1460H (en) * 1992-04-02 1995-07-04 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Spiral-mode or sinuous microscrip antenna with variable ground plane spacing
US6130650A (en) * 1995-08-03 2000-10-10 Nokia Mobile Phones Limited Curved inverted antenna
EP0757405A1 (de) * 1995-08-03 1997-02-05 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd. Antenne
US5694136A (en) * 1996-03-13 1997-12-02 Trimble Navigation Antenna with R-card ground plane
EP0806810A2 (de) * 1996-05-07 1997-11-12 Ascom Tech Ag Antenne gebildet durch ein streifenförmiges Resonanzelement über einer Grundplatte
EP0806810A3 (de) * 1996-05-07 1998-04-08 Ascom Tech Ag Antenne gebildet durch ein streifenförmiges Resonanzelement über einer Grundplatte
US5986615A (en) * 1997-09-19 1999-11-16 Trimble Navigation Limited Antenna with ground plane having cutouts
FR2818811A1 (fr) * 2000-12-26 2002-06-28 France Telecom Antenne imprimee pastille compacte
WO2002052680A1 (fr) * 2000-12-26 2002-07-04 France Telecom Antenne imprimee pastille compacte
EP1445831A1 (de) * 2001-11-16 2004-08-11 Nippon Antena Kabushiki Kaisha Zusammengesetzte antenne
EP1445831A4 (de) * 2001-11-16 2005-12-07 Nippon Antenna Kk Zusammengesetzte antenne
WO2006136843A1 (en) * 2005-06-23 2006-12-28 Bae Systems Plc Improvements in or relating to antennas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH02284505A (ja) 1990-11-21

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