EP0394320A1 - A combined rudder and propeller arrangement. - Google Patents
A combined rudder and propeller arrangement.Info
- Publication number
- EP0394320A1 EP0394320A1 EP89900669A EP89900669A EP0394320A1 EP 0394320 A1 EP0394320 A1 EP 0394320A1 EP 89900669 A EP89900669 A EP 89900669A EP 89900669 A EP89900669 A EP 89900669A EP 0394320 A1 EP0394320 A1 EP 0394320A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rudder
- propeller
- rotation
- propeller unit
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
- B63H25/00—Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
- B63H25/42—Steering or dynamic anchoring by propulsive elements; Steering or dynamic anchoring by propellers used therefor only; Steering or dynamic anchoring by rudders carrying propellers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a combined rudder and pro ⁇ peller arrangement for propelling, steering and maneuvering conventional ships and other kind of water craft, herein ⁇ after referred to simply as vessel-
- rudder and propeller arrangements so-called acti ⁇ ve rudders, are known to the art, in which the rotatable rudder blade carries a bearing housing for a horizontal propeller shaft on which a propeller is mounted, normally behind the rear or trailing edge of the rudder blade, so that the water flow generated by the propeller will pass on both sides of the rudder blade and so that the propeller will accompany the rotational movements of the rudder blade carried out when steering and maneuvering the vessel.
- the propeller is normally driven by an electric motor arranged in the bearing housing of the propeller shaft.
- the primary purpose of the propeller is to generate a flow of water which will pass the propeller and therewith augment or heighten the rudder effect, particularly at low speeds.
- rudder propellers or rudder thrusters in which a propeller is journalled in a bearing housing connected firmly to the rudder.
- the propel ⁇ ler is normally located forwardly of the leading edge of the rudder and is driven either by an electric motor arran ⁇ ged within the bearing housing or via a bevel gear arrange ⁇ ment which is located in the bearing housing and connects the propeller shaft with a vertical drive shaft which ex ⁇ tends upwards, through a tubular shaft intended for rota ⁇ tion of the rudder-propeller combination and being connec ⁇ ted to a driving machine in the vessel.
- the propeller has a propelling function in addition to a steer ⁇ ing function.
- Combined rudder and propeller arrangements of this latter kind afford many advantages and could be used particularly advantageously with a main propulsion or ' -fore propeller, the combined rudder and propeller being preferably placed straight aft of and coaxially in line with the main propel ⁇ ler.
- the main propeller and the propeller of the rudder/propeller combination are rotated in mutually opposite directions. It has been found that the total pro- -peller efficiency in forward propulsion of the vessel can be greatly improved in this way.
- an object of the present invention is to pro ⁇ vide an improved combined rudder-propeller assembly which is not encumbered with the aforesaid -drawbacks and which will, in general, afford the same advantages as those afforded by a rudder-propeller or rudder-thruster arrange ⁇ ment and which can be used to particular advantage with a main propeller which is driven in an opposite direction of rotation, but which can also be used alone for propelling, steering and maneuvering a conventional ship or some other kind of water craft.
- Figure 1 is a schematic side view, partly in axial section, of a first exemplifying embodiment of an inventive combined propeller and rudder arrangement
- Figure 2 illustrates in a similar manner a variant of the embodiment according to Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 illustrates in a similar manner another variant of the embodiment according to Figure 1;
- Figure 4 illustrates schematically and in a manner similar to Figure 1 a second embodiment of an inventive rudder and propeller combination
- Figure 5 illustrates schematically and in a manner similar to Figure 1 a third embodiment of an inventive rudder and propeller combination.
- the exemplifying embodiment of the inventive rudder and propeller arrangement illustrated schematically in Figure 1 includes a rudder, generally referenced 1, ' and a propeller unit, generally referenced 2, which are located beneath the bottom surface 3 of the hull of a ship or some other water craft, e.g. in the stern of a conventional ship or sea ⁇ going vessel, said hull, etc., being shown only in part and then very schematically.
- the rudder 1 has a tubular rudder stock 4 which extends up through an opening in the bottom 3 of the hull and which is rotatably journalled in and car ⁇ ried by a bearing seat 5 encircling the opening.
- the propeller unit 2 includes a propeller 6 which is mounted on one end of a horizontal propeller shaft journalled in a housing 9.
- the housing 9 is assumed to include a bevel gear arrangement which connects the propel ⁇ ler shaft to a vertical drive shaft 7.
- the drive shaft 7 extends from the bevel gearing in the housing 9, up through a tubular strut 8, which at its lower end supports the housing 9.
- the vertical drive shaft 7, which drives the propeller 6, is connected in some suitable and conventional manner (not shown) to a propeller drive machine (not shown) located in the vessel.
- the carrying strut 8 of the propel ⁇ ler unit 2 is rotatably journalled and carried in the tubu ⁇ lar rudder stock 4.
- the propeller unit housing 9 is also provided with a downwardly directed pivot shaft 10 which is journalled for rotation in the part of the rudder 1 located beneath the housing 9. This serves to reinforce both the rudder 1 and the propeller unit 2 against occurrent forces and is not necessary in all cases.
- the upper end of the tubular rudder stock 4 is firmly con ⁇ nected, within the hull of the vessel, to a gear ring 11 which is journalled for rotation in a stationary or fixed part 12 of the hull and which is in driving engagement with pinion gears 13.
- the pinion gears 13 are driven by associa ⁇ ted , steering motors 14 operative in rotating the gear ring 11, and therewith the rudder stock 4 and the rudder 1, in the same way as conventional steering machinery.
- the inventive arrangement also includes devices by means of which the strut 8, and therewith the whole of the propeller unit 2. can be locked selectively either to the hull 12 of the vessel, in at least one given fixed position, or to the rudder stock 4 for rotation together therewith.
- these devices comprise one or more hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically oper ⁇ able pistons 15 having pins which project from both sides of the pistons and capable of being moved between two dif ⁇ ferent positions.
- the inventive arrangement will thus enable the propeller unit 2 to be locked in a fixed position during normal pro ⁇ pulsion of the vessel, by appropriate positioning of the pistons 15 with the propeller shaft extending parallel with the forward direction of the vessel and constantly located straight behind and coaxial with the fore propeller, when such a propeller is found, whereas the rudder 1 can be rotated by means of the steering machinery or gear 11, 13, 14 within a normal rudder turning range, e.g. a range of 30-40", for holding and steering a normal course.
- a normal rudder turning range e.g. a range of 30-40
- the pistons 15 can be placed in the other of their t ⁇ «.o positions, in which the propeller unit strut 8 is released from the hull and the strut is instead connected to the rudder stoc 4.
- the rudder 1 and the propeller unit 2 can be rotated together by the steering machinery 11, 13, 14, to any desired angular position for instance through 360 ° if wished.
- This provides for a high degree of maneuverability, since the propeller thrust can be brought to bear in any desired direction.
- the propeller shaft will, of course, preferably extend parallel with the plane of the rudder.
- Figures 2 and 3 illustrate variants of the aforedescribed inventive embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, primarily to show that in the case of the inventive arrangement the rud ⁇ der 1 can be configured in a number of different ways, e.g. in correspondence with the rudder area required by the app ⁇ lication in question.
- this end of the housing 9 will preferably have a hemispherical configura ⁇ tion, as in the case of the Figure 1 embodiment, or a semi- cylindrical configuration, as in the Figure 3 embodiment.
- that part of the rudder 1 which is located behind this housing part will have a front or forwardly located edge which faces the housing 9 and which conforms with the hemispherical or semi-cylindrical shape of the housing, the centre of rotation of the rudder coinciding substantially with the centre of curvature of the hemis ⁇ pherical or semi-cylindrical end of the housing 9.
- the rud ⁇ der part which lies behind the housing 9 may also be con ⁇ figured with or provided with a thickening or so-called bulb which has a streamlined shape conforming to that of the housing 9. This design affords the least possible dis ⁇ ruption in the flow of water past the housing 9 and the rudder 1.
- the pro ⁇ file of the rudder part located above the propeller unit 2 and the profile of the rudder part beneath the propeller unit 2 may have an asymmetric configuration, with an inlet angle and a profile arch such as to reduce rotational flow in the propeller jet. This will improve the propeller effi ⁇ ciency.
- the rudder part of an inven ⁇ tive combined rudder and propeller arrangement may be con ⁇ figured in many different ways, all known per se.
- the rudder blade may be fitted with a pivotable flap on its trailing edge, for improving the rudder effect.
- the rudder part may be configured as a so-called "rotating cylinder rudder", in which case the rudder blade carries a rotating cylinder on its leading or front edge.
- Another alternative is one in which the rudder blade .is fitted with end plates on its upper and/or lower edge in a known manner.
- the propeller of an inventive propeller/rudder combination may either have fixed blade or adjustable blades.
- the range within which the pro ⁇ peller pitch angle can be varied can be made so great as to enable the propeller-blades to be positioned substantially parallel with the propeller axis, i.e. feathered.
- This facility is particularly advantageous under such conceiv ⁇ able conditions as those in which the ship or like water craft is propelled without using the propeller 6, for instance with the aid of a fore propeller.
- the propeller unit of an inventive arrangement may include two propellers, suitable counter- rotating propellers, instead of the single propeller of the illustrated and described embodiments.
- the propeller 6 may be driven by means of a drive motor arranged within the housing 9 and connected to the propeller shaft, this drive motor suitably being an electric or a hydraulic motor.
- Figure 4 illustrates schematically and in a manner similar to Figure 1 another embodiment of a combined rudder and propeller arrangement according to the invention.
- This embodiment differs from the embodiments of Figures 1-3, in that the strut 8 of the propeller is also connected at its upper end with a gear ring 16 which engages drivingly a number of pinion gears 18 driven by a commensurate number of steering motors 17 connected to said pinions.
- the rudder stock 4 and the propeller unit strut 8 are th.
- FIG 5 illustrates schematically and in a manner similar to Figure ' 1 a further embodiment of an arrangement accord ⁇ ing to the invention.
- the propeller unit supporting strut 8 is journalled immediately in and carried by the seating 5 in the hull of the vessel, and the top end of the strut is connected to the steering machinery 11, 13, 14 in a manner to allow the propeller unit 2 to be positio ⁇ ned in any desired direction whatsoever.
- the rudder 1 is rotatably journalled on and carried by the pro ⁇ peller unit support strut 8.
- steering machinery Arranged within the propeller unit housing 9 is steering machinery (not shown in detail) by means of which the rudder 1 is turned relative to the propeller unit 2 in order to hold the vessel on course and to steer the vessel under normal forward vessel speeds, where the propeller unit 2 is held by the steering machinery 11, 13, 14 in a fixed position relative to the vessel, with the propeller shaft lying parallel with the forward direction of the vessel.
- This rudder steering machinery may comprise, for instance, servo motors which are connected to the rudder 11, e.g., by a crank 19 and a coupling block which runs in a groove or track 20 provided in the rudder 1.
- Such steer ⁇ ing machinery e.g.
- a connecting rod which extends axially through the tubular strut 8 and which carries a crank, similar to the crank 19, at its lower end.
- inventive combined rudder and propeller arrangement may have many different forms, and that variants and modifications other than those illustrated and described are possible.
- inventive arrangement need not necessarily be mounted beneath a bottom part of the hull of a vessel, but may instead be mounted behind the stern of the vessel, carried by and journalled in a bearing housing firmly fitted to the transom of the hull.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Gear Transmission (AREA)
Abstract
Un agencement à gouvernail et à hélice combinés, qui sert à propulser, à diriger et à manoeuvrer des bateaux et autres engins aquatiques, comprend un gouvernail (1) rotatif par rapport au bateau autour d'un axe de rotation vertical. Une unité à hélice (2), construite solidaire avec le gouvernail (1) comporte une hélice (6) montée sur un arbre porte-hélice horizontal tourillonné en vue de sa rotation dans un logement (9) pour l'unité porte-hélice. L'unité est également tourillonnée en vue de sa rotation par rapport au bateau autour d'un axe vertical. Les axes de rotation du gouvernail (1) et de l'unité à hélice (6) coïncident pour permettre la rotation du gouvernail et de l'unité l'un par rapport à l'autre. Le gouvernail (1) peut être relié à une machine de direction (11, 13, 14) pour permettre la rotation du gouvernail, alors que l'unité à hélice (2) peut être bloquée sélectivement soit par rapport au bateau dans une position fixe soit par rapport au gouvernail pour pouvoir tourner conjointement avec lui.A combined rudder and propeller arrangement, which is used to propel, steer and maneuver boats and other watercraft, includes a rudder (1) rotatable relative to the boat about a vertical axis of rotation. A propeller unit (2), integral with the rudder (1) comprises a propeller (6) mounted on a horizontal propeller shaft journalled for rotation in a housing (9) for the propeller unit. The unit is also journalled for rotation relative to the boat about a vertical axis. The axes of rotation of the rudder (1) and the propeller unit (6) coincide to allow rotation of the rudder and the unit relative to each other. The rudder (1) can be connected to a steering machine (11, 13, 14) to allow rotation of the rudder, while the propeller unit (2) can be selectively locked either relative to the boat in a fixed position either relative to the rudder to be able to turn jointly with it.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE8704912A SE459249B (en) | 1987-12-09 | 1987-12-09 | COMBINED ROOTER AND PROPELLER DEVICE |
SE8704912 | 1987-12-09 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0394320A1 true EP0394320A1 (en) | 1990-10-31 |
EP0394320B1 EP0394320B1 (en) | 1993-10-20 |
Family
ID=20370546
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89900669A Expired - Lifetime EP0394320B1 (en) | 1987-12-09 | 1988-12-08 | A combined rudder and propeller arrangement |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0394320B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2657422B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR970010830B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2821789A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3885105T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK162037C (en) |
FI (1) | FI96757C (en) |
SE (1) | SE459249B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1989005262A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10062354B4 (en) | 2000-12-14 | 2007-12-20 | Siemens Ag | Actuator for a, in particular electrically driven, rudder propeller of a ship |
EP1300332B1 (en) * | 2001-10-05 | 2003-11-19 | Peter Meyer | Navigation arrangement, especially for cruise ships |
JP3958051B2 (en) | 2002-01-22 | 2007-08-15 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Ship and its operation method |
DE10244295B4 (en) * | 2002-09-23 | 2004-11-04 | Siemens Ag | Auxiliary rudder on an electric rudder propeller for fast seagoing ships and operating procedures for the auxiliary rudder |
DK176054B1 (en) * | 2003-06-04 | 2006-02-27 | Schmidt S Marine El As A | Steering mechanism for a ship |
NO324501B1 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2007-11-05 | Rolls Royce Marine As | Device for increasing the transmission stability of ships |
DE102004008805B4 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2008-08-14 | Siemens Ag | Two propeller drive for ships |
NO335597B1 (en) | 2005-11-30 | 2015-01-12 | Rolls Royce Marine As | Device for storing a propulsion unit and a propulsion unit for a marine vessel |
DK2163471T3 (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2011-10-24 | Waertsilae Netherlands B V | Progress and steering arrangements |
ES2548060T3 (en) | 2008-09-12 | 2015-10-13 | Wärtsilä Netherlands B.V. | Propulsion and steering arrangement |
EP2470421A1 (en) * | 2009-08-27 | 2012-07-04 | Rolls-Royce Aktiebolag | Rudder device |
WO2011110226A1 (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2011-09-15 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | Propulsion and steering unit for waterborne vessel |
EP2535263B1 (en) | 2011-06-14 | 2014-10-29 | ABB Oy | A propulsion arrangement in a ship |
EP2535262B1 (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2015-12-30 | ABB Oy | A propulsion arrangement in a ship |
EP2634084A1 (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-09-04 | ABB Oy | Arrangement and method in a ship |
WO2014046608A1 (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2014-03-27 | Rolls-Royce Ab | Counter rotating pod with flap |
KR101763956B1 (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2017-08-02 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | A rudder for ship |
JP5984657B2 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2016-09-06 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Swing propeller and ship |
DE102017213420A1 (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2019-02-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Electric actuator system of a nacelle for driving a float |
DE102017216818A1 (en) | 2017-09-22 | 2019-03-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Azimutverstellung a gondola |
CN114455053B (en) * | 2022-01-22 | 2023-03-07 | 嘉兴市锦佳船舶制造股份有限公司 | River and lake patrol ship |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US818245A (en) * | 1905-08-05 | 1906-04-17 | Arthur E Hauck | Propeller attachment for boats. |
DE326792C (en) * | 1919-10-11 | 1920-10-07 | Victor Graf Von Alten | Outboard drive for ships built into the rudder |
-
1987
- 1987-12-09 SE SE8704912A patent/SE459249B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1988
- 1988-12-08 WO PCT/SE1988/000669 patent/WO1989005262A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1988-12-08 KR KR1019890701493A patent/KR970010830B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-12-08 DE DE89900669T patent/DE3885105T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-08 EP EP89900669A patent/EP0394320B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-08 JP JP1500452A patent/JP2657422B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-08 AU AU28217/89A patent/AU2821789A/en not_active Abandoned
-
1990
- 1990-06-05 FI FI902810A patent/FI96757C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-06-08 DK DK140990A patent/DK162037C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8905262A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2657422B2 (en) | 1997-09-24 |
KR970010830B1 (en) | 1997-07-01 |
JPH03501714A (en) | 1991-04-18 |
DK140990A (en) | 1990-06-08 |
FI902810A0 (en) | 1990-06-05 |
SE459249B (en) | 1989-06-19 |
KR920700142A (en) | 1992-02-19 |
SE8704912D0 (en) | 1987-12-09 |
EP0394320B1 (en) | 1993-10-20 |
DK162037B (en) | 1991-09-09 |
DK140990D0 (en) | 1990-06-08 |
AU2821789A (en) | 1989-07-05 |
FI96757B (en) | 1996-05-15 |
DK162037C (en) | 1992-02-10 |
DE3885105D1 (en) | 1993-11-25 |
DE3885105T2 (en) | 1994-05-05 |
WO1989005262A1 (en) | 1989-06-15 |
FI96757C (en) | 1997-09-01 |
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