EP0390981A1

EP0390981A1 - Ball valve for refrigerating systems

Info

Publication number: EP0390981A1
Application number: EP89201443A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Riccardo Ferrero
Original assignee: Ferrero Rubinetterie SRL
Current assignee: Ferrero Rubinetterie SRL
Priority date: 1989-04-05
Filing date: 1989-06-06
Publication date: 1990-10-10
Also published as: IT1232361B; US4936545A; IT8967237A0

Abstract

Improved ball valve for refrigerating systems, constituted by a valve body (10) and two ducts, an inlet duct (12) and an outlet duct (12′), respectively. The other component parts such as a ball shutter (16), a circular flange (24), a closure element (36), an actuating means (20) and sealing means (22, 22′) are all mounted by introducing them from the upper part.

Improved ball valve in which the operations of replacing the components are much simplified, rapid and economical.

Description

The present invention relates to an improved ball valve for refrigerating systems, in particular for refrigerating systems using Freon gas.
It is known to use ball valves for intercepting or regulating a gas flow in refrigerating systems for the purpose of interrupting said flow when a breakdown occurs in the refrigerating system.
Normally said ball valves are connected with the respective inlet and outlet openings to the pipes in which the gas flow forming the refrigerating circuit is running.
The connection between the ball valve and the cooling circuit is obtained substantially by inserting in unthreaded pipe fittings provided at the ends of the ball valve, the pipes of the refrigerating circuit and subsequently locking them in the interior of said pipe fittings by a brazing welding operation.
At present the ball valves used in refrigerating systems are normally constituted by a body of appropriate form designed to contain the inner members of the valve including a ball shutter, sealing seats and gaskets.
These latter elements are normally mounted by introducing them through side inlet or outlet openings of the gas flow, arranged along the horizontal axis of the valve; however, said elements could not be inserted through the vertical aperture constituting the seat of the actuating members as this aperture is of too small dimensions.
After mounting the above-mentioned elements, the same are enclosed in the interior of the valve body by an apertured sleeve screwed on to a side end of the valve body.
For greater safety of sealing between said sleeve and the valve body, a circular weld is made along the connection strip for irremovably locking the above-mentioned elements.
Said welds of the pipes with the side connections as well as of the sleeve with the body of the valve both have the disadvantage of considerably heating the body even if special expedients are adopted for cooling it.
This heating sometimes causes a deterioration of the sealing seats made of synthetic material and arranged in the interior of the valve with the consequent required replacement of the latter which has been made unusable and unreclaimable as it is impossible to get access to the interior thereof for replacement of the elements damaged by heat.
It is the object of the present invention to eliminate or reduce the drawbacks and disadvantages of the ball valves hirtherto used in refrigerating systems and to provide a ball valve structure which is decidedly more simple than the known types and which moreover does not involve the risk of deterioration of the inner elements of the valve during the operation of connection with the pipes of the cooling circuit.
A further object to be achieved by the present invention consists in providing a ball valve in which mounting and dismounting of the elements contained in the interior of the valve body can be carried out with great ease and speed without using special equipment.
The above and other objects and advantages of the invention, which will become apparent from the following description, are achieved by an improved ball valve for refrigerating systems, comprising a valve body having an inlet duct and an outlet duct, a ball shutter accommodated within said valve body, sealing means accommodated in the interior of said body and actuating means for said ball shutter, characterized in that said body is made with an upper aperture of greater dimensions than the diameter of said ball shutter and in that it is provided with a corresponding closure element, adapted to permit said inner members of the valve to be mounted from above, and with a circular element engaging said valve body and adapted to delimit a rotation of said shutter to 90° and, further, to constitute a supporting element for said actuating means.
A preferred embodiment of the invention, given by way of an illustrative and not limiting example, will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side view of the improved ball valve according to the invention;
Fig. 2 is a side view in part axial section of the improved ball valve of Fig. 1 according to the invention;
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a component part of the improved ball valve according to the invention;
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of another component part of the improved ball valve according to the invention;
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a further component part of the improved ball valve according to the invention;
Fig. 6 is a side view in part axial section of the improved ball valve according to the invention in different embodiment;
Fig. 7 is a side view in part axial section of the improved ball valve according to the invention in a further embodiment;
Fig. 8 is a side view of the elements shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, partly in section and connected to one another in a modification of the embodiment of the improved ball valve according to the invention;
Fig. 9 is a side view in part axial section of the improved ball valve according to another modification of the embodiment of the ball valve according to the invention.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the improved ball valve for refrigerating systems according to the invention, indicated generally by 1 in the above-mentioned Figures, is constituted by a valve body 10 of metallic material such as, for example, bronze, brass, light alloy, etc. and by two side ducts 12 and 12′ which for a certain length extend axially from the body 10 and constitute the connection elements for the pipes of the refrigerating system.
The inlet duct 12 and outlet duct 12′ normally are of circular section and formed integrally with the body 10 by hot-pressing operations.
Subsequently, the inner passage of the ducts 12, 12′ and a recess 14 designed to contain the members of the valve are obtained by appropriate mechanical operations not disclosed in the present description as they are known to those skilled in the art.
Thus, the recess 14 is designed to accommodate a ball shutter 16 shown on an enlarged scale in Fig. 5 and having a through hole 18 for the passage of the cooling fluid and an upper groove 19 adapted to be coupled to an actuating means 20 shown on an enlarged scale in Fig. 3 and described in detail hereinafter, and two interposed sealing gaskets 22, 22′ each formed by a ring of Teflon or other suitable material ensuring sealing of the ball valve.
Arranged above the ball shutter 16 is a circular element 23 constituted by a circular flange 24 shown on an enlarged scale in Fig. 4 and having two diametrically corresponding lugs 26 projecting from the lower surface to engage corresponding grooved seats 28 arranged in the valve body 10 and adapted to prevent the rotation of the flange during actuation of the above-mentioned actuating means 20.
Further, the circular flange 24 has a central hole 30 which is appropriately shaped to delimit to 90° the rotation associated therewith.
Obviously, within the arc of 90° the ball shutter 16 may assume an infinity of positions, thus permitting the best possible regulation of the gas or fluid passing through the valve 1.
The actuating means 20 is constituted by a cylindrical stem 21 which along the side surface has alternate circular projections and recesses which are equivalent to rings 33 and circular grooves 32, respectively, so as to form seats for gaskets 34 known by the denomination "O-rings" or simply "O-R's" for sealing the internal pressures of the valve. The upper part 50 of the stem 21, Fig. 3, is appropriately restricted and adapted to be coupled to an actuating lever while the lower part 52 is shaped in the form of a flat key adapted to be inserted in the groove 19 of the ball shutter 16.
The perpendicular position of the actuating stem 21 relative to a horizontal axis passing through the hole 18 of the ball shutter 16 is obtained by the support of one of the rings 33 of said stem 21 on the upper surface 31, in Fig. 4, of the circular flange 24 arranged horizontally, too.
A screw type closure element 36 of cylindrical shape and of a diameter greater than the diameter of the ball shutter 16 has an outer thread adapted to engage a corresponding thread arranged in the lower part of the valve body 10. Said closure element 36, after its complete insertion, adheres with the lower surface to the upper surface of the circular flange 24 to lock the latter in the grooved seats 28 described previously.
Further, the above-mentioned closure element 36 outwardly has a circular groove 37 forming the seat of an "O-R" 38 and inwardly has a cylindrical seat 39 in which the stem 21 is arranged with the associated gaskets "O-R" 34.
A reduction of the diameter of the seat 39 provides a shoulder 40 adapted to prevent the stem 21 from being extracted from the interior of said seat 39 in the closure element 36.
A gasket 42 interposed between said shoulder 40 and the stem 21 ensures the upper sealing of the closure element 36.
An inwardly threaded cover 44 is screwed on to the upper part of the body 10 and constitutes the upper closure of the valve whereas sealing is obtained by the interposition of a gasket 46 between said cover 44 and the valve body 10.
Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of the invention limited only to the inlet and outlet ducts of the valve and indicated in said Fig. 6 by the numerals 60 and 60′, which ducts, instead of being formed integrally with the valve body 10, are connected thereto by a circular weld indicated by the numeral 62.
Fig. 7 shows another embodiment which may be considered a modification of that shown in Fig. 2.
The closure element 36, instead of having in the upper part a shoulder 40, has along the entire cylindrical seat 39 a thread adapted to engage a stuffing box 70 having a hexagonal head and which, at the end of its insertion, is stopped by pressing against a gasket 72, thus providing an adjustable upper sealing for the valve body 10.
Fig. 8 shows a further modification of the embodiment of an improved ball valve according to the invention which differs with regard to the actuating stem 21 which has a pin 80 projecting from the lower part 52 and inserted in a through hole 82 provided in the centre of the groove 19 of the ball shutter 16.
After insertion in the hole 82, the pin 80 is caulked so as to provide a very solid connection between said two elements and the circular flange 24 inserted between said two elements before caulking.
Fig. 9 illustrates yet another possible modification to the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, this modification being limited to the seats of connection only (indicated in said Fig. 9 by the numerals 90 and 90′) of the valve body 10, each of which seats has a thread indicated by 92 and 92′ and adapted to engage in side ducts similar to those indicated previously by the numerals 12 and 12′, or in other types of connections known to those skilled in the art.
Mounting of the valve in refrigerating circuits is effected by inserting in the thickened portion of the ducts 12 and 12′ the pipes coming from the cooling system and then welding them by brazing or electric TIC welding or connecting them by other known means.
It is thus evident that according to the invention an improved ball valve for refrigerating systems has been provided which is devoid of the disadvantages encountered in the known ball valves and due to deterioration of the inner gaskets of the valve by the excessive heat that accumulates in the valve body during the welding operations.
A further advantage of the present invention consists in the extreme ease and speed of replacement of the sealing elements as the same can all be extracted from the upper part of the valve body without having to resort to its disconnection from the cooling circuit by an operation of detachment from the system as is done at present in the known valves.
Obviously some preferred embodiments of the improved ball valve have been described, but the latter is not limited to the examples given above.
Any other form or dimension still comes within the scope of the same inventive idea as defined by the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. Improved ball valve for refrigerating systems, comprising a valve body (10) having an inlet duct (12) and an outlet duct (12′), a ball shutter (16) accommodated within said valve body (10), sealing means (22, 22′) accommodated in the interior of said body (10) and actuating means (20) for said ball shutter, characterized in that said body (10) is made with an upper aperture of greater dimensions than the diameter of said ball shutter (16) and in that it is provided with a corresponding closure element (36), adapted to permit said inner members to be mounted from above, and with a circular element (23) engaging said valve body (10) and adapted to delimit a rotation of said shutter (16) to 90° and, further, to constitute a supporting element for said actuating means (20).

2. Improved ball valve according to claim 1, characterized in that said closure element (36) is provided with an outer thread adapted to engage a corresponding thread provided in the upper part of the valve body (10), said element (36) further having a circular groove (37) forming a seat for a sealing gasket (38).

3. Improved ball valve according to claim 2, characterized in that said closure element (36) is centrally provided with a cylindrical seat (39) carrying a stem (20) adapted to actuate said ball shutter (16).

4. Improved ball valve according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the means for preventing said actuating means (20) from being extracted from the cylindrical seat (39) is constituted by a shoulder (40) provided at the upper end of said cylindrical seat (39).

5. Improved ball valve according to claim 1, characterized in that said circular element (23) adapted to delimit the rotation of said ball shutter (16) to 90° is constituted by a circular flange (24) having an appropriately shaped central hole (30) and two diametrically opposed lugs (26) projecting from the lower surface of said flange (24), said lugs being adapted to engage corresponding grooved seats (28) provided in the upper part of said valve body (10).

6. Improved ball valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper sealing of the valve body (10) is obtained by a stuffing box (70) having a hexagonal head and by a gasket (72) pressed by said stuffing box (70), said stuffing box being screwed into said threaded cylindrical seat (39).

7. Improved ball valve according to claim 1, characterized in that said actuating means (20) is constituted by a cylindrical stem (21) having along the side surface alternately a plurality of grooves (32) and rings (33).

8. Improved ball valve according to claim 1, characterized in that said circular element (23) constitutes a supporting base for said actuating means (20) so as to define a perpendicular position between said elements.

9. Improved ball valve according to claim 1, characterized in that a connection element between said actuating means (20) and said ball shutter (16) is constituted by a pin (80) arranged at one end of said means (20) and inserted and baulked in a through hole (82) of said ball shutter (16).

10. Improved ball valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection of inlet and outlet ducts (60, 60′) of the fluid into and from said valve body (10) is constituted by circular welds (62).

11. Improved ball valve according to claim 1, characterized in that seats of connection (90, 90′) of said valve body (10) each have a thread (92, 92′) adapted to engage ducts for the passage of cooling fluid.