EP0390965B1 - Fastening device - Google Patents

Fastening device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0390965B1
EP0390965B1 EP89117007A EP89117007A EP0390965B1 EP 0390965 B1 EP0390965 B1 EP 0390965B1 EP 89117007 A EP89117007 A EP 89117007A EP 89117007 A EP89117007 A EP 89117007A EP 0390965 B1 EP0390965 B1 EP 0390965B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
side plates
shoe
ground
plates
sleeper
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EP89117007A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0390965A1 (en
Inventor
Franz Morath
Eva-Maria Dr. Mössmer
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT89117007T priority Critical patent/ATE76457T1/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01FADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F7/00Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
    • E01F7/04Devices affording protection against snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks, e.g. avalanche preventing structures, galleries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fastening device for fastening wooden sleepers used in avalanche and anti-skid installation.
  • the round timber threshold is placed on a terrain terrace to be excavated in each case and fastened there, for example with the aid of T-irons or rope anchors, to the subsurface.
  • the disadvantage here is that when the terrain terrace is excavated, the grown soil is injured and, consequently, attachment sites for erosion processes arise in a disadvantageous manner.
  • the forest plants, which are to be protected from snow movements by this measure are impaired in their water supply or in their growth by the considerable interference in the soil structure.
  • a disadvantage of this form of threshold anchoring is also that the wood directly on the floor lies and is therefore exposed to accelerated decomposition by fungi due to the constant wetting.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset which simplifies the fastening of sleepers and in particular eliminates the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • a fastening device for sleepers in avalanche and anti-skid sheeting e.g. for wood snow rakes, which are to be erected in a way that is gentle on the ground, which allows a separate procedure for carrying out the anchoring and the final assembly, which allows maintenance work to be carried out at a reasonable cost and at the same time reliably protects the supporting structure from snow or the like can record.
  • the invention proposes that the device as a threshold shoe a sleeper is partially formed in the support direction encompassing receiving recess and that the sleeper shoe has a clamping device for tightening the sleeper and one or more fastening points for connecting one or more floor fastening anchors.
  • the threshold can be kept at a distance from the ground, so that it does not come into direct contact with the ground and is therefore not subject to the influence of the wetness of the ground. It is also advantageous that the excavation of a terrain terrace or extensive concreting work can be dispensed with, so that injuries to the topsoil with the disadvantages mentioned at the outset are avoided.
  • the intervention in the ground is minimized and is limited to the introduction of boreholes for the ground anchors, but this has no disadvantageous consequences.
  • the sleepers shoes according to the invention a simple and time-saving insertion of the sleepers after the installation of the sleepers shoes is possible and, moreover, a horizontal alignment of the sleepers is possible on slopes with considerable relief differences.
  • the fastening points on the sleeper shoe are expediently designed to connect at least one pressure anchor and / or at least one tie rod.
  • a fastening point for a tie rod on the mountain side and a fastening point for a pressure anchor on the valley side can be provided if the sleeper shoe is mounted at a distance from the ground via the fastening anchor.
  • fastening provide for two tie rods on the sleeper shoe, if this is mounted on the ground or on a concrete slab.
  • the threshold shoe has approximately parallel and spaced-apart, preferably identical side plates which are connected to one another, and that the side plates are arranged with their receiving recesses in the direction of escape from one another.
  • Such a threshold shoe can be manufactured in a simple manner and still gives the required stability.
  • the various attachment points for connecting the floor anchors can be easily attached.
  • a sleeper shoe 23, shown for example in FIG. 1, is used to fasten a wooden sleeper 1, which belongs, for example, to the supporting structure 24 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • Such support structures 24 are used in avalanche and anti-skid installation.
  • a support structure 24 has, in addition to the wooden threshold 1 on the bottom, rake wood 20 arranged in a rake-like manner, a purlin 21 arranged transversely thereto and supports 22 engaging thereon.
  • the threshold 1 is held at a distance from the floor 25 by two threshold shoes 23.
  • the sleeper shoes 23 have mouth-shaped and mountain-facing recesses 3, into which the wooden sleeper 1 can be inserted.
  • a clamping device 4 serves to clamp the threshold 1.
  • a tie rod 7a and a pressure anchor 7b each engage the sleeper shoes 23.
  • the sleeper shoes are mounted on an in-situ concrete slab 26 and held with the aid of two tie rods 7a.
  • the sleeper shoes 23 have two identical side plates 2 which are arranged at a distance from one another and are connected to one another by means of spacers 27.
  • flat material pieces 28 and rod material pieces 8 serve as spacers.
  • the flat material pieces 28 are used in the bottom and back area of the sleeper shoes, while the rod material pieces 8 are used in the area of the receiving recesses near the edge are arranged.
  • the side plates are preferably made of steel plates and the flat and rod material pieces, which are also made of steel, are welded between these plates 2. The result is a stable bond that withstands the loads that occur.
  • the bar irons 8 are arranged at approximately the same distance in the course of the approximately semicircular recess 3.
  • 1 to 3 is designed to connect a tie rod 7a and a pressure anchor 7b.
  • These ground anchors 7 essentially consist of threaded anchor rods, which can be connected to the fastening points 5 and 6 preferably by means of spherical collar nuts 29.
  • the tension anchor fastening 5 has two half-shells 12 welded on the inside laterally on the plates 2 (cf. also FIG. 10), into which a cross tube 13 with a connection bore 30 (FIGS. 2, 5 and 10) is inserted for pushing through the tension anchor 7a is.
  • the half-shells are arranged so that they are open against the direction of pull.
  • the pressure anchor fastening 6 has a hollow profile 14 oriented in the direction of pressure and welded to the side plates 2, preferably a square tube section, with an end plate 15 having a central bore 16 being welded to the inner end.
  • the pressure anchor 7b can be inserted through this bore 16 and is then fixed in particular on both sides by means of spherical collar nuts 29.
  • In the hollow profile 14 also engages a pressure pile 31 which rests on the end face of the end plate 15.
  • the tie rod 7a can, as indicated in FIG. 6, be provided with a protective tube 32.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 or FIG. 8 show an attachment 5a, which is approximately comparable to the tie rod attachment 5, at the point where the pressure anchor attachment 6 is provided in the embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • half-shells 18 are welded to the side plates 2, into which a cross tube 13a with a central bore 17 for another tie rod 7a is inserted.
  • This embodiment variant is used when there are only slight differences in terrain, which can be compensated for by applying a local concrete slab 26.
  • FIGS. 1 The embodiment according to FIGS.
  • the above-mentioned clamping device 4 enables the sleeper 1 to be tightened and thus also a stable and rigid connection of the two shoes 23 engaging on the sleeper via the sleeper itself.
  • adjustment to different wooden sleeper diameters is possible with the aid of the tightening screw 9. 1 to 5, the clamping device 4 has a clamping screw 9 which is screwed into a plate 33 welded between the side plates 2. Between this tensioning screw 9 and the sleeper 1 to be tightened there is also a support plate 10 which is approximately adapted to the contour of the sleeper.
  • the clamping device 4 is located between the side plates 2 and approximately in the upper region of the sleeper shoe 23. That of the clamping device 4 opposite side of the mouth-like or semicircular recess 3 serves as a counter bearing 11.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 show a somewhat modified embodiment of a clamping device 4a, in which case the clamping screw 9 is pivotably mounted approximately in a plane parallel to the side plates 2.
  • a shaft 34 with a transverse threaded bore 35 is rotatably mounted in sleeves 36, the sleeves being fastened on the inside in each case to opposite positions of the side plates 2.
  • the support plate 10 is provided on the outside with a pipe section 37, in which the loading end of the clamping screw 9 engages. This provides lateral guidance; on the other hand, the clamping screw 9 and the support plate 10 can be rotated relative to one another. Due to the pivotable mounting of the tensioning screw 9, this “plays” itself automatically into the correct position when the support plate 10 is tightened and pressed onto the threshold 1.
  • support plates 19 can be provided on the support or bottom side, which may protrude laterally beyond the outline of the sleeper shoe 23, as can be seen in FIGS. 4 and 5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Gripping Jigs, Holding Jigs, And Positioning Jigs (AREA)
  • Seal Device For Vehicle (AREA)

Abstract

A device serves for the fastening of barriers used in avalanche-protection and anti-slip structures. It comprises a barrier shoe (23) with a receiving recess which partially encloses a barrier in the supporting direction. Furthermore, there are fastening points (5, 6) for the connection of ground-fastening anchors which make it possible for the barrier shoe (23) to be held at a distance from the ground. As a result of this mounting of the barrier, ground terraces which are otherwise required for supporting the barriers and which have a correspondingly harmful effect on the top soil are avoided. Furthermore, the barrier is then not exposed to ground moisture. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Befestigungsvorrichtung zum Befestigen von im Lawinen- und Gleitschutzverbau eingesetzten Holz-Schwellen.The invention relates to a fastening device for fastening wooden sleepers used in avalanche and anti-skid installation.

Zum Befestigen von bodenseitigen Schwellen z.B. von Lawinenstützwerken, insbesondere aus Holz, ist es vorgesehen, daß die Rundholz-Schwelle auf eine jeweils auszugrabende Geländeterrasse gelegt wird und dort z.B. mit Hilfe von T-Eisen oder Seilankern auf dem Untergrund befestigt wird.
Nachteilig ist hierbei, daß beim Ausgraben der Geländeterrasse der gewachsene Boden verletzt wird und somit in nachteiliger Weise Ansatzstellen für Erosionsvorgänge entstehen.
Zum anderen sind die Forstpflanzen, die durch diese Maßnahme vor Schneebewegungen geschützt werden sollen, durch den erheblichen Eingriff in das Bodengefüge in ihrer Wasserversorgung bzw. in ihrem Wachstum beeinträchtigt.
Nachteilig ist bei dieser Form der Schwellenverankerung außerdem, daß das Holz unmittelbar auf dem Boden auf liegt und somit aufgrund der ständigen Durchfeuchtung einer beschleunigten Zersetzung durch Pilze ausgesetzt ist. Hinzu kommt, daß das Herstellen einer Terrasse im Steilgelände einen hohen Arbeitszeit- und damit Kostenaufwand erfordert. Darüber hinaus muß das dabei anfallende Aushubmaterial entweder mit großem Transportaufwand zu Tal gebracht werden oder es wird die Geländeterrasse nach Einbau der Schwelle mit dem Material wieder aufgefüllt. Später anfallende Ausbesserungsarbeiten, z.B. beim Auswechseln der Schwelle, sind in diesem Fall nur unter größtem Aufwand möglich.
Neueste Untersuchungen zur Aufforstungstechnik im Gebirge empfehlen schließlich ein zeitlich gestaffeltes Vorgehen, um Lawinenstützwerke aus Holz bestmöglich einsetzen zu können. Dabei sollte gleichzeitig mit der Aufforstung die Verankerung für Lawinen-Bauwerke eingebracht und erst, wenn die Pflanzen eine bestimmte Höhe erreicht haben, die Endmontage durchgeführt werden. Dies ist mit den bisherigen Schwellenbefestigungen nicht möglich.
To attach thresholds on the ground, for example of avalanche support structures, in particular made of wood, it is provided that the round timber threshold is placed on a terrain terrace to be excavated in each case and fastened there, for example with the aid of T-irons or rope anchors, to the subsurface.
The disadvantage here is that when the terrain terrace is excavated, the grown soil is injured and, consequently, attachment sites for erosion processes arise in a disadvantageous manner.
On the other hand, the forest plants, which are to be protected from snow movements by this measure, are impaired in their water supply or in their growth by the considerable interference in the soil structure.
A disadvantage of this form of threshold anchoring is also that the wood directly on the floor lies and is therefore exposed to accelerated decomposition by fungi due to the constant wetting. In addition, the production of a terrace in the steep terrain requires a lot of work and therefore costs. In addition, the resulting excavation material either has to be brought down to the valley with a large amount of transport, or the terrain terrace is refilled with the material after the threshold has been installed. Repair work that occurs later, for example when changing the threshold, is only possible with great effort in this case.
Finally, the latest research on reforestation technology in the mountains recommend a staggered procedure so that wooden avalanche support systems can be used as best as possible. Anchoring for avalanche structures should be carried out at the same time as afforestation and final assembly should only be carried out when the plants have reached a certain height. This is not possible with the previous threshold fastenings.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, die das Befestigen von Schwellen vereinfacht und insbesondere die vorstehend genannten Nachteile beseitigt. Insbesondere soll eine Befestigungsvorrichtung für Schwellen im Lawinen- und Gleitschutzverbau, z.B. für Holz-Schneerechen, geschaffen werden, die bodenschonend zu errichten ist, die ein getrenntes Vorgehen bei der Durchführung der Verankerung und der Endmontage erlaubt, die Instandhaltungsarbeiten in einem vertretbaren Aufwand zuläßt und dabei gleichzeitig die auftretenden Schnee- od. dgl. Belastungen des Stützwerkes sicher aufnehmen kann.The object of the present invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset which simplifies the fastening of sleepers and in particular eliminates the disadvantages mentioned above. In particular, a fastening device for sleepers in avalanche and anti-skid sheeting, e.g. for wood snow rakes, which are to be erected in a way that is gentle on the ground, which allows a separate procedure for carrying out the anchoring and the final assembly, which allows maintenance work to be carried out at a reasonable cost and at the same time reliably protects the supporting structure from snow or the like can record.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, daß die Vorrichtung als Schwellen-Schuh mit eine Schwelle teilweise in Stützrichtung umgreifender Aufnahme-Aussparung ausgebildet ist und daß der Schwellen-Schuh eine Einspannvorrichtung zum Festspannen der Schwelle sowie eine oder mehrere Befestigungsstellen zum Anschließen von einen oder mehreren Boden-Befestigungsankern aufweist. Durch Einsatz solcher, über Bodenanker befestigter Schwellen-Schuhe kann die Schwelle mit Abstand zum Boden gehalten werden, so daß sie nicht in direkten Bodenkontakt kommt und somit nicht dem Einfluß der Bodennässe unterliegt. Vorteilhaft ist weiterhin, daß auf den Aushub einer Geländeterrasse bzw. auf umfangreiche Betonierarbeiten verzichtet werden kann, so daß Verletzungen des Mutterbodens mit den eingangs erwähnten Nachteilen vermieden werden. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist der Eingriff in den Boden minimiert und beschränkt sich auf das Einbringen von Bohrlöchern für die Bodenanker, was aber keine nachteiligen Folgen hat. Durch Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Schwellen-Schuhe ist auch ein einfaches und zeitsparendes Einlegen der Schwelle nach der Montage der Schwellen-Schuhe möglich und außerdem ist auf Hängen mit erheblichen Reliefunterschieden gut eine waagerechte Ausrichtung der Schwellen möglich. Darüber hinaus ist die Möglichkeit gegeben, Holzschäden an den Schwellen rechtzeitig zu erkennen und somit beschädigte Holzteile ohne größere Erdarbeiten auszuwechseln.To solve this problem, the invention proposes that the device as a threshold shoe a sleeper is partially formed in the support direction encompassing receiving recess and that the sleeper shoe has a clamping device for tightening the sleeper and one or more fastening points for connecting one or more floor fastening anchors. By using such threshold shoes fastened over ground anchors, the threshold can be kept at a distance from the ground, so that it does not come into direct contact with the ground and is therefore not subject to the influence of the wetness of the ground. It is also advantageous that the excavation of a terrain terrace or extensive concreting work can be dispensed with, so that injuries to the topsoil with the disadvantages mentioned at the outset are avoided. In the device according to the invention, the intervention in the ground is minimized and is limited to the introduction of boreholes for the ground anchors, but this has no disadvantageous consequences. By using the sleepers shoes according to the invention, a simple and time-saving insertion of the sleepers after the installation of the sleepers shoes is possible and, moreover, a horizontal alignment of the sleepers is possible on slopes with considerable relief differences. In addition, there is the possibility to identify wood damage to the sleepers in good time and thus replace damaged wooden parts without major earthwork.

Zweckmäßigerweise sind die Befestigungsstellen am Schwellen-Schuh zum Anschließen wenigstens eines Druckankers und/oder wenigstens eines Zugankers ausgebildet. Dadurch bestehen unterschiedliche, an die jeweiligen Gegebenheiten angepaßten Befestigungsmöglichkeiten des Schwellen-Schuhs. Beispielsweise kann bergseitig eine Befestigungsstelle für einen Zuganker und talseitig eine Befestigungsstelle für einen Druckanker vorgesehen sein, wenn der Schwellen-Schuh über die Befestigungsanker mit Abstand zum Boden montiert wird. Andererseits besteht aber auch die Möglichkeit, Befestigungs stellen für zwei Zuganker am Schwellen-Schuh vorzusehen, falls dieser auf dem Untergrund bzw. einer Ortsbetonplatte aufliegend montiert wird.The fastening points on the sleeper shoe are expediently designed to connect at least one pressure anchor and / or at least one tie rod. As a result, there are different attachment options for the sleeper shoe that are adapted to the respective circumstances. For example, a fastening point for a tie rod on the mountain side and a fastening point for a pressure anchor on the valley side can be provided if the sleeper shoe is mounted at a distance from the ground via the fastening anchor. On the other hand, there is also the possibility of fastening provide for two tie rods on the sleeper shoe, if this is mounted on the ground or on a concrete slab.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform sieht vor, daß der Schwellen-Schuh etwa parallel und mit Abstand zueinander angeordnete, vorzugsweise gleiche Seiten-Platten aufweist, die miteinander verbunden sind, und daß die Seiten-Platten mit ihren Aufnahme-Aussparungen in Fluchtrichtung zueinander angeordnet sind.
Ein solcher Schwellen-Schuh läßt sich auf einfache Weise fertigen und ergibt trotzdem die erforderliche Stabilität. Außerdem lassen sich dadurch die verschiedenen Befestigungsstellen zum Anschließen der Bodenanker gut anbringen.
A preferred embodiment provides that the threshold shoe has approximately parallel and spaced-apart, preferably identical side plates which are connected to one another, and that the side plates are arranged with their receiving recesses in the direction of escape from one another.
Such a threshold shoe can be manufactured in a simple manner and still gives the required stability. In addition, the various attachment points for connecting the floor anchors can be easily attached.

Zusätzliche Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den weiteren Unteransprüchen aufgeführt. Nachstehend ist die Erfindung mit ihren wesentlichen Einzelheiten anhand der Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert.Additional embodiments of the invention are listed in the further subclaims. The invention is explained in more detail below with its essential details using the exemplary embodiments.

Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht eines Schwellen-Schuhs mit Befestigungsstellen für Boden-Befestigungsanker, die hier mit Abstand zur Verdeutlichung dargestellt sind,
  • Fig. 2 eine Aufsicht sowie
  • Fig. 3 eine etwa Fig. 1 entsprechende Seitenansicht eines Schwellen-Schuhs,
  • Fig. 4 eine Seitenansicht eines Schwellen-Schuhs mit gegenüber Fig. 1 bis 3 abgewandelt ausgebildeten Befestigungsstellen,
  • Fig. 5 eine Aufsicht des in Fig. 4 gezeigten Schwellen-Schuhs,
  • Fig. 6 eine Seitenansicht eines Stützwerkes mit durch Schwellen-Schuhe gehaltener Schwelle,
  • Fig. 7 eine perspektivische Ansicht der in Fig. 6 gezeigten Anordnung,
  • Fig. 8 eine abgewandelte Ausführungsform bzw. Anordnung eines Stützwerkes,
  • Fig. 9 eine Seitenansicht eines Schwellen-Schuhs mit anderer Einspannvorrichtung und
  • Fig. 10 eine auseinandergezogene Darstellung der zu einem Schwellen-Schuh gehörenden Einzelteile.
It shows:
  • 1 is a side view of a sleeper shoe with fastening points for ground fastening anchors, which are shown here at a distance for clarification,
  • Fig. 2 is a supervision and
  • 3 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 1 of a sleeper shoe,
  • 4 shows a side view of a sleeper shoe with fastening points which are modified compared to FIGS. 1 to 3,
  • 5 is a plan view of the sleeper shoe shown in FIG. 4,
  • 6 is a side view of a support structure with a threshold held by sleeper shoes,
  • 7 is a perspective view of the arrangement shown in FIG. 6,
  • 8 shows a modified embodiment or arrangement of a support structure,
  • Fig. 9 is a side view of a sleeper shoe with another jig and
  • Fig. 10 is an exploded view of the individual parts belonging to a sleeper shoe.

Ein z.B. in Fig. 1 gezeigter Schwellen-Schuh 23 dient zum Befestigen einer Holzschwelle 1 , die beispielsweise zu dem in Fig. 6 bzw. 7 dargestellten Stützwerk 24 gehört. Solche Stützwerke 24 werden im Lawinen- und Gleitschutzverbau eingesetzt. Wie insbesondere in Fig. 7 erkennbar, weist ein solches Stützwerk 24 außer der bodenseitigen Holz-Schwelle 1 rechenartig angeordnete Rosthölzer 20, eine quer dazu angeordnete Pfette 21 sowie an dieser angreifende Stützen 22 auf. Wie auch in Fig. 6 erkennbar, ist die Schwelle 1 mit Abstand zum Boden 25 durch zwei Schwellen-Schuhe 23 gehalten. Bedarfsweise können je nach Größe des Stützwerkes 24 und damit der Länge der Schwelle 1 auch mehr als zwei Schwellen-Schuhe 23 vorgesehen sein.
Die Schwellen-Schuhe 23 weisen maulförmige und bergwärts weisende Aussparungen 3 auf, in die die Holzschwelle 1 eingelegt werden kann. Eine Einspannvorrichtung 4 (vgl. z.B. Fig. 1) dient zum Festspannen der Schwelle 1.
A sleeper shoe 23, shown for example in FIG. 1, is used to fasten a wooden sleeper 1, which belongs, for example, to the supporting structure 24 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. Such support structures 24 are used in avalanche and anti-skid installation. As can be seen in particular in FIG. 7, such a support structure 24 has, in addition to the wooden threshold 1 on the bottom, rake wood 20 arranged in a rake-like manner, a purlin 21 arranged transversely thereto and supports 22 engaging thereon. As can also be seen in FIG. 6, the threshold 1 is held at a distance from the floor 25 by two threshold shoes 23. Depending on the size of the support structure 24 and thus the length of the threshold 1, more than two threshold shoes 23 can also be provided if required.
The sleeper shoes 23 have mouth-shaped and mountain-facing recesses 3, into which the wooden sleeper 1 can be inserted. A clamping device 4 (see, for example, FIG. 1) serves to clamp the threshold 1.

Bei der Anordnung gemäß Fig. 6 und 7 greifen an den Schwellen-Schuhen 23 jeweils ein Zuganker 7a und ein Druckanker 7b an. Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 8 sind die Schwellen-Schuhe auf einer Ortsbetonplatte 26 gelagert und mit Hilfe von jeweils zwei Zugankern 7a gehalten.In the arrangement according to FIGS. 6 and 7, a tie rod 7a and a pressure anchor 7b each engage the sleeper shoes 23. In the embodiment according to FIG. 8, the sleeper shoes are mounted on an in-situ concrete slab 26 and held with the aid of two tie rods 7a.

In den Ausführungsbeispielen weisen die Schwellen-Schuhe 23 zwei mit Abstand zueinander angeordnete, gleiche Seiten-Platten 2 auf, die mit Hilfe von Abstandhaltern 27 miteinander verbunden sind. Als Abstandhalter dienen, wie auch gut in Fig. 10 erkennbar, Flachmaterialstücke 28 sowie Stabmaterialstücke 8. Wie in den Figuren erkennbar, sind die Flachmaterialstücke 28 im Boden und Rückenbereich der Schwellen-Schuhe eingesetzt, während die Stabmaterialstücke 8 im randnahen Bereich der Aufnahme-Aussparungen angeordnet sind.
Die Seiten-Platten bestehen vorzugsweise aus Stahlplatten und die Flach- und Stabmaterialstücke, die ebenfalls aus Stahl bestehen, sind zwischen diese Platten 2 eingeschweißt. Es ergibt sich so ein stabiler Verbund, der den auftretenden Belastungen gut standhält. In den Seitenansichten des Schwellen-Schuhes 23 ist erkennbar, daß die Stabeisen 8 etwa mit gleichem Abstand im Verlauf der etwa halbkreisförmigen Aussparung 3 angeordnet sind.
Der Schwellen-Schuh gemäß Fig. 1 bis 3 ist zum Anschluß eines Zugankers 7a und eines Druckankers 7b ausgebildet. Diese Bodenanker 7 bestehen im wesentlichen aus Gewinde-Ankerstangen, die bei den Befestigungsstellen 5 bzw. 6 vorzugsweise mittels Kugelbundmuttern 29 anschließbar sind. Die Zug-Ankerbefestigung 5 weist zwei innen seitlich an den Platten 2 eingeschweißte Halbschalen 12 auf (vgl. auch Fig. 10), in die ein Querrohr 13 mit einer Anschlußbohrung 30 (Fig. 2, 5 und 10) zum Durchstecken des Zugankers 7a eingelegt ist. Die Halbschalen sind so angeordnet, daß sie entgegen der Zugrichtung offen sind.
In the exemplary embodiments, the sleeper shoes 23 have two identical side plates 2 which are arranged at a distance from one another and are connected to one another by means of spacers 27. As can also be seen in FIG. 10, flat material pieces 28 and rod material pieces 8 serve as spacers. As can be seen in the figures, the flat material pieces 28 are used in the bottom and back area of the sleeper shoes, while the rod material pieces 8 are used in the area of the receiving recesses near the edge are arranged.
The side plates are preferably made of steel plates and the flat and rod material pieces, which are also made of steel, are welded between these plates 2. The result is a stable bond that withstands the loads that occur. In the side views of the sleeper shoe 23 it can be seen that the bar irons 8 are arranged at approximately the same distance in the course of the approximately semicircular recess 3.
1 to 3 is designed to connect a tie rod 7a and a pressure anchor 7b. These ground anchors 7 essentially consist of threaded anchor rods, which can be connected to the fastening points 5 and 6 preferably by means of spherical collar nuts 29. The tension anchor fastening 5 has two half-shells 12 welded on the inside laterally on the plates 2 (cf. also FIG. 10), into which a cross tube 13 with a connection bore 30 (FIGS. 2, 5 and 10) is inserted for pushing through the tension anchor 7a is. The half-shells are arranged so that they are open against the direction of pull.

Die Druck-Ankerbefestigung 6 weist ein in Druckrichtung orientiertes und mit den Seiten-Platten 2 verschweißtes Hohlprofil 14, vorzugsweise einen Vierkantrohrabschnitt auf, wobei am inneren Ende eine Abschlußplatte 15 mit einer Mittelbohrung 16 aufgeschweißt ist. Der Druckanker 7b kann durch diese Bohrung 16 hindurchgesteckt werden und wird dann insbesondere beidseitig mittels Kugelbundmuttern 29 festgelegt. In das Hohlprofil 14 greift außerdem ein Druckpfahl 31 ein, der stirnseitig an der Abschlußplatte 15 anliegt. Der Zuganker 7a kann, wie in Fig. 6 angedeutet, mit einem Schutzrohr 32 versehen sein.The pressure anchor fastening 6 has a hollow profile 14 oriented in the direction of pressure and welded to the side plates 2, preferably a square tube section, with an end plate 15 having a central bore 16 being welded to the inner end. The pressure anchor 7b can be inserted through this bore 16 and is then fixed in particular on both sides by means of spherical collar nuts 29. In the hollow profile 14 also engages a pressure pile 31 which rests on the end face of the end plate 15. The tie rod 7a can, as indicated in FIG. 6, be provided with a protective tube 32.

Die in Fig. 4 und 5 bzw. Fig. 8 gezeigte Ausführungsvariante eines Schwellen-Schuhs 23 zeigt etwa an der Stelle, wo bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 die Druckankerbefestigung 6 vorgesehen ist, eine etwa mit der Zugankerbefestigung 5 vergleichbare Befestigung 5a. Auch hier sind, wie insbesondere in Fig. 4 und 5 erkennbar, Halbschalen 18 an den Seiten-Platten 2 angeschweißt, in die ein Querrohr 13a mit einer Mittelbohrung 17 für einen weiteren Zuganker 7a eingesetzt ist.
Diese Ausführungsvariante wird dann eingesetzt, wenn nur geringe Geländeunterschiede bestehen, die durch Aufbringen einer Ortsbetonplatte 26 ausgeglichen werden können. Die Ausführungsform geniäß Fig. 1 bis 3 wird bevorzugt an Hängen mit erheblichen Reliefunterschieden eingesetzt, da hierbei ein etwa waagrechtes Ausrichten der Schwelle gut möglich ist, da die Befestigung der Schwellen-Schuhe 23 an den beiden in ihrer Länge variablen Ankern 7, die bergseitig als Zuganker 7a und talseits als Druckanker 7b ausgebildet sind, gut möglich ist.
Durch die Konstruktionsmerkmale der Ankerbefestigungen 5, 6 und dabei insbesondere durch die in Halbschalen eingelegten Querrohre bzw. das Hohlprofil mit Abschlußplatte, ist eine von der Ausführung der Anker getrennte, einfache Montage des Schwellen-Schuhs 23 möglich.
The embodiment variant of a sleeper shoe 23 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 or FIG. 8 shows an attachment 5a, which is approximately comparable to the tie rod attachment 5, at the point where the pressure anchor attachment 6 is provided in the embodiment according to FIG. 1. Here, too, as can be seen in particular in FIGS. 4 and 5, half-shells 18 are welded to the side plates 2, into which a cross tube 13a with a central bore 17 for another tie rod 7a is inserted.
This embodiment variant is used when there are only slight differences in terrain, which can be compensated for by applying a local concrete slab 26. The embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3 is preferably used on slopes with considerable differences in relief, since an approximately horizontal alignment of the threshold is well possible here, since the attachment of the threshold shoes 23 to the two anchors 7 which are variable in length and which are on the mountain side Tie rods 7a and valley side as pressure anchor 7b are well possible.
Due to the design features of the anchor fasteners 5, 6 and in particular by the cross tubes inserted in half-shells or the hollow profile with end plate, a simple assembly of the anchor is separate from the execution of the anchor Threshold shoe 23 possible.

Die bereits vorerwähnte Einspannvorrichtung 4 ermöglicht ein Festspannen der Schwelle 1 und damit auch eine stabile und starre Verbindung der beiden an der Schwelle angreifenden Schuhe 23 über die Schwelle selbst. Darüberhinaus ist eine Anpassung an verschiedene Holz-Schwellendurchmesser mit Hilfe der Spannschraube 9 möglich.
Gemäß Fig. 1 bis 5 weist die Einspannvorrichtung 4 eine Spannschraube 9 auf, die in eine zwischen den Seiten-Platten 2 eingeschweißte Platte 33 eingeschraubt ist. Zwischen dieser Spann-Schraube 9 und der festzuspannenden Schwelle 1 befindet sich noch eine etwa an die Kontur der Schwelle angepaßte Auflageplatte 10. Die Einspannvorrichtung 4 befindet sich zwischen den Seiten-Platten 2 und etwa im oberen Bereich des Schwellen-Schuhs 23. Die der Einspannvorrichtung 4 gegenüberliegende Seite der maulartigen bzw. halbkreisförmigen Aussparung 3 dient als Gegenlager 11.
The above-mentioned clamping device 4 enables the sleeper 1 to be tightened and thus also a stable and rigid connection of the two shoes 23 engaging on the sleeper via the sleeper itself. In addition, adjustment to different wooden sleeper diameters is possible with the aid of the tightening screw 9.
1 to 5, the clamping device 4 has a clamping screw 9 which is screwed into a plate 33 welded between the side plates 2. Between this tensioning screw 9 and the sleeper 1 to be tightened there is also a support plate 10 which is approximately adapted to the contour of the sleeper. The clamping device 4 is located between the side plates 2 and approximately in the upper region of the sleeper shoe 23. That of the clamping device 4 opposite side of the mouth-like or semicircular recess 3 serves as a counter bearing 11.

Die Figuren 9 und 10 zeigen eine etwas abgewandelte Ausführungsform einer Einspannvorrichtung 4a, wobei hier die Spann-Schraube 9 etwa in einer Parallelebene zu den Seiten-Platten 2 schwenkbar gelagert ist. Dazu ist ein wohr 34 mit einer Quergewindebohrung 35 drehbar in Hülsen 36 gelagert, wobei die Hülsen jeweils innenseitig an gegenüberliegenden Stellen der Seiten-Platten 2 befestigt sind. Die Auflageplatte 10 ist hier außenseitig mit einem Rohrstück 37 versehen, in welches das Beaufschlagungsende der Spann-Schraube 9 eingreift. Dadurch ist eine Seitenführung gegeben, andererseits lassen sich die Spann-Schraube 9 und die Auflageplatte 10 relativ zueinander verdrehen. Durch die schwenkbare Lagerung der Spann-Schraube 9 "spielt" sich diese beim Anziehen und Andrücken der Auflageplatte 10 an die Schwelle 1 selbstständig in die richtige Lage ein.FIGS. 9 and 10 show a somewhat modified embodiment of a clamping device 4a, in which case the clamping screw 9 is pivotably mounted approximately in a plane parallel to the side plates 2. For this purpose, a shaft 34 with a transverse threaded bore 35 is rotatably mounted in sleeves 36, the sleeves being fastened on the inside in each case to opposite positions of the side plates 2. The support plate 10 is provided on the outside with a pipe section 37, in which the loading end of the clamping screw 9 engages. This provides lateral guidance; on the other hand, the clamping screw 9 and the support plate 10 can be rotated relative to one another. Due to the pivotable mounting of the tensioning screw 9, this “plays” itself automatically into the correct position when the support plate 10 is tightened and pressed onto the threshold 1.

Bei einer Ausführungsform des Schwellen-Schuhs 23, bei der eine direkte Auflage auf einem Untergrund, z.B. einer Ortsbetonplatte 26 vorgesehen ist, können auflage- bzw. bodenseitig Auflageplatten 19 vorgesehen sein, die ggf. seitlich über den Grundriß des Schwellen-Schuhes 23 überstehen, wie dies in Fig. 4 und 5 erkennbar ist.In one embodiment of the threshold shoe 23, in which a direct support on a base, for example an in-situ concrete slab 26 is provided, support plates 19 can be provided on the support or bottom side, which may protrude laterally beyond the outline of the sleeper shoe 23, as can be seen in FIGS. 4 and 5.

Claims (18)

1. A device for fastening ground beams used in protection against avalanches and skidding, characterized in that the device takes the form of a beam shoe (23) with a receiving recess (3) partly embracing a ground beam (1) in the direction of support, and that the beam shoe (23) has a gripping device (4, 4a) for clamping the ground beam and one or a plurality of mounting locations (5, 5a, 6) for connecting one or a plurality of ground fixing anchors (7).
2. A device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the mounting locations on the beam shoe (23) are devised for connecting at least one press rod (7b) and/or at least one tie rod (7a).
3. A device as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the beam shoe (23) has side plates (2), preferably ones which are the same, which are arranged in approximately parallel, spaced relationship to one another and are interconnected and that the side plates with the rec-ieving recesses (3) thereof are arranged in the direction of alignment.
4. A device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the side plates (2) are composed of steel plates.
5. A device as claimed in claim 3 or claim 4, characterized in that each beam shoe (23) has two interconnected side plates (2).
6. A device as claimed in any one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the recesses (3) are approximately semicircular with a receiving opening pointing approximately towards the direction of load and serving for the insertion of the ground beam.
7. A device as claimed in any one or more of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the side plates (2) of the beam shoe (23) are connected by spacers (27) preferably formed at least by pieces of flat or bar material (28, 8).
8. A device as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the pieces of bar material (8) are arranged in the area proximate to the edge of the receiving recess (3), and that preferably at least three, preferably five pieces of bar material are provided.
9. A device as claimed in claim 7 or claim 8, characterized in that the side plates (2), at least in the back or base area thereof, particularly in the area proximate to the outer edge, are connected by pieces of flat material (28).
10. A device as claimed in any one or more of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the spacers (27) located between the plates (2) are welded to the side plates (2).
11. A device as claimed in any one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the gripping device (4, 4a) has at least one thrust piece adjustable into the cross section of the receiving recess (3).
12. A device as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the thrust piece is formed by a support plate (10) which is preferably approximately adapted to the contour of a ground beam (1) and is adjustable using a tightening screw (9).
13. A device as claimed in any one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gripping device (4, 4a) is arranged between the side plates (2) and particularly in thee upper area of the beam shoe (23).
14. A device as claimed in any one or more of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the tightening screw (9) is screwed into a spacer (33) or the like located between the side plates (2).
15. A device as claimed in any one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the tightening screw (9) is swivelmounted and that for this purpose a tube (34) with a transverse tapped hole (35) for the tightening screw (9) is rotatably inserted in sleeves (36) connected in each case to one side plate (2).
16. A device as claimed in any one or more of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the tie rod fixation (5) has two half-shells (5) which are fitted to the plates (2) on the inside and are open counter to the direction of pull and a cross tube (13) placed therein with connecting hole (30) for the tie rod (7a).
17. A device as claimed in any one or more of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the press rod fixation (6) has a hollow section (14), preferably a rectangular tube portion, which is oriented in the direction of pressure, is connected to the side plates (2) and is provided at the inner end with a closing plate (15) having a central bore (16).
18. A device as claimed in any one or more of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the beam shoe (23) has on the base side support plates (19) preferably projecting laterally.
EP89117007A 1989-04-03 1989-09-14 Fastening device Expired - Lifetime EP0390965B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89117007T ATE76457T1 (en) 1989-04-03 1989-09-14 FIXING DEVICE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8903987U DE8903987U1 (en) 1989-04-03 1989-04-03 Threshold shoe
DE8903987U 1989-04-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0390965A1 EP0390965A1 (en) 1990-10-10
EP0390965B1 true EP0390965B1 (en) 1992-05-20

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89117007A Expired - Lifetime EP0390965B1 (en) 1989-04-03 1989-09-14 Fastening device

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EP (1) EP0390965B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE76457T1 (en)
DE (2) DE8903987U1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5299781A (en) * 1991-07-10 1994-04-05 State Department Of Highways, State Of Colorado Flex post fence
FR2816335B1 (en) 2000-11-09 2003-08-15 Mecanroc PROTECTION BARRIER, ESPECIALLY FOR MOUNTAIN SITES
JP2007063831A (en) * 2005-08-30 2007-03-15 Purotekku Engineering:Kk Protective body support structure and the protective body
ITVR20090005U1 (en) * 2009-03-31 2010-10-01 Betonform S R L CONTAINMENT DEVICE, SO-CALLED FERMANEVES, PARAVALANGHE, PARAMASSI, OR SIMILAR DEVICE.

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2704586A (en) * 1955-03-22 Spar arm supporting gain
FR2556425A1 (en) * 1983-12-08 1985-06-14 Duclos Bertrand Fastener, especially for a fuel saving device
AT386632B (en) * 1986-12-23 1988-09-26 Wolfsegg Traunthaler Kohlenwer Snow support and an avalanche sheeting made up of at least two snow supports

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58901500D1 (en) 1992-06-25
EP0390965A1 (en) 1990-10-10
ATE76457T1 (en) 1992-06-15
DE8903987U1 (en) 1989-05-18

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