EP0386478B1 - Device for stocking spaces with articles of different dimensions - Google Patents

Device for stocking spaces with articles of different dimensions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0386478B1
EP0386478B1 EP90102345A EP90102345A EP0386478B1 EP 0386478 B1 EP0386478 B1 EP 0386478B1 EP 90102345 A EP90102345 A EP 90102345A EP 90102345 A EP90102345 A EP 90102345A EP 0386478 B1 EP0386478 B1 EP 0386478B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
computer
objects
control unit
vehicle
articles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90102345A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0386478A1 (en
Inventor
Johannes Dipl.-Ing. Nestmeier (Tu)
Hans Dipl.-Ing. Heckel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MT Aerospace AG
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MAN Technologie AG
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Publication of EP0386478A1 publication Critical patent/EP0386478A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/54—Ferries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D47/00—Loading or unloading devices combined with vehicles, e.g. loading platforms, doors convertible into loading and unloading ramps
    • B61D47/005—Loading or unloading devices combined with road vehicles carrying wagons, e.g. ramps, turntables, lifting means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for loading rooms with objects of different dimensions.
  • the present invention proposes to automate the placement of irregularly large objects in a room or a container.
  • a computer-aided control unit which contains a sensor system for detecting the necessary dimensions of the objects, the signals of which are processed in a computer which outputs a control signal for the placement.
  • the geometric characteristics of the space to be loaded are contained in the computer program.
  • a high packing density can also be achieved in a short time.
  • a space the space of a container, such as. B. containers, or the space of transport vehicles, such as. B. trains, ships and spaces within buildings can be understood.
  • control unit is a mechanism such.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for the placement of road vehicles within a transport device, such as. B. a rail vehicle, a ferry.
  • a transport device such as. B. a rail vehicle, a ferry.
  • the computer-aided control unit in the transport device is equipped with appropriately placed sensors and optical signals and traffic lights.
  • the sensors automatically measure the length and, depending on the application, the width and number of vehicles to be transported.
  • the computer determines the placement of the respective vehicle and uses traffic lights and signals to show the driver of the corresponding vehicle where to park the vehicle.
  • a transport train with T1, T2 ... Tm wagons is shown, which is equipped with a computer-aided control unit 11 for the placement of vehicles that are to be transported by train 10.
  • the control unit 11 consists of a computer 12 which receives and processes signals 13 from a length measuring sensor 14.
  • the mode of operation of the control unit 11 is determined by the software contained in the computer 12, which contains the length dimensions of the wagons Tj.
  • the computer 12 is arranged in any of the wagons Ti or in the railcar and also contains a data bus 16 which leads through all of the wagons Ti and serves to receive signals 17 from counting sensors 18 and signals 20 and 21 to optical display devices such as traffic lights 22 and displays 23 passes on.
  • the traffic lights 22 are located at the front and rear ends of a wagon, while the counting sensors 18 are arranged at the beginning and at the end of the actual loading area 25.
  • Optical display boards can be designed in a versatile manner as required.
  • a display 23 for displaying the stop line is provided at the respective end of a wagon, whereupon further messages, such as. B. engine shutdown, can be specified.
  • the first vehicle enters the wagon Tm, where the length of the vehicle is measured by means of the length sensor 14, which can be of any known type.
  • the length signal 13 is input into the computer 12, which assigns the number T1-1 to the vehicle, whereby the first placement in the wagon T1 is verified.
  • the other vehicles are given the numbers T1-2 to T1-N, where N is the number of the vehicle that just has space in the T1 car.
  • N is the number of the vehicle that just has space in the T1 car.
  • Three situations of the incoming vehicle T1-N are shown in Figures 2-4.
  • the transport train 10 can be loaded quickly without personnel.
  • the wagons are equipped at both ends with corresponding devices 18, 22, 23.
  • directional arrows are expediently actuated, with which the respective driver is led into the column provided for him.
  • sensors can also be provided that also measure the width of the vehicle, so that a distinction can be made between cars and buses or trucks .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Beladen von Räumen mit Gegenständen unterschiedlicher Dimensionen.The invention relates to a device for loading rooms with objects of different dimensions.

Für die Verpackung dimensionsgleicher Gegenstände, z. B. Waren, sind vollautomatische Vorrichtungen bekannt, bei denen ein Gefäß oder ein Karton voll automatisch befüllt wird.For the packaging of objects of the same dimension, e.g. B. goods, fully automatic devices are known in which a vessel or a carton is filled fully automatically.

Bei Parkhäusern ist es ferner bekannt, elektronische Vorrichtungen vorzusehen, die die einfahrenden und ausfahrenden Fahrzeuge zählen und durch eine Anzeige angeben, ob Parkplätze noch frei sind oder nicht. Hierbei geht es wie bei einer bekannten Anlage zum Be- und Entladen von Kraftfahrzeugen auf und von einem Schienenfahrzeug (DE-A- 3 616 484) lediglich um eine in der Zahl von Fahrzeugen bestimmte Kapazität.In multi-storey car parks, it is also known to provide electronic devices which count the entering and exiting vehicles and indicate by means of an indication whether parking spaces are still free or not. As with a known system for loading and unloading motor vehicles onto and from a rail vehicle (DE-A-3 616 484), this is only a matter of a capacity determined in the number of vehicles.

Mit der vorliegenden Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, die Plazierung von unregelmäßig großen Gegenständen in einem Raum oder einem Behältnis zu automatisieren.The present invention proposes to automate the placement of irregularly large objects in a room or a container.

Hierzu wird eine rechnergestützte Steuereinheit vorgeschlagen, die eine Sensorik zur Erfassung der notwendigen Maße der Gegenstände enthält, deren Signale in einem Rechner verarbeitet werden, der ein Steuersignal für die Plazierung ausgibt. Im Rechenprogramm sind die geometrischen Charakteristiken des zu beladenden Raumes enthalten.For this purpose, a computer-aided control unit is proposed which contains a sensor system for detecting the necessary dimensions of the objects, the signals of which are processed in a computer which outputs a control signal for the placement. The geometric characteristics of the space to be loaded are contained in the computer program.

Damit ist eine flexible und rasche Beladung eines Raumes möglich, wobei je nach Anwendungsfall und Einprogrammierung auch eine hohe Packungsdichte in kurzer Zeit erreichbar ist. Als Raum kann der Raum eines Behältnisses, wie z. B. Container, oder der Raum von Transportfahrzeugen, wie z. B. Zügen, Schiffe als auch Räume innerhalb von Gebäuden verstanden werden.This enables flexible and quick loading of a room, and depending on the application and programming, a high packing density can also be achieved in a short time. As a space, the space of a container, such as. B. containers, or the space of transport vehicles, such as. B. trains, ships and spaces within buildings can be understood.

Je nach Anwendung wird die Steuereinheit einen Mechanismus, wie z. B. einen Greifer, einen Kran ansteuern, oder Anweisungen durch optische und/oder akustische Signale ausgeben.Depending on the application, the control unit is a mechanism such. B. control a gripper, a crane, or issue instructions by optical and / or acoustic signals.

Die Erfindung eignet sich insbesondere für die Plazierung von Straßenfahrzeugen innerhalb einer Transporteinrichtung, wie z. B. einem Schienenfahrzeug, einer Fähre. In diesen Fällen ist die rechnergestützte Steuereinheit in der Transporteinrichtung mit entsprechend plazierten Sensoren und optischen Signalen und Ampeln ausgestattet. Mit den Sensoren wird automatisch die Länge und je nach Anwendung die Breite und Anzahl der zu transportierenden Fahrzeuge gemessen. Der Rechner bestimmt je nach Messung die Plazierung des jeweiligen Fahrzeugs und zeigt dieses mittels Ampeln und Signalen dem Fahrer des entsprechenden Fahrzeugs an, wo er das Fahrzeug abzustellen hat.The invention is particularly suitable for the placement of road vehicles within a transport device, such as. B. a rail vehicle, a ferry. In these cases, the computer-aided control unit in the transport device is equipped with appropriately placed sensors and optical signals and traffic lights. The sensors automatically measure the length and, depending on the application, the width and number of vehicles to be transported. Depending on the measurement, the computer determines the placement of the respective vehicle and uses traffic lights and signals to show the driver of the corresponding vehicle where to park the vehicle.

Die Erfindung wird anhand eines in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt einen Transportzug mit m-Waggons und
  • Fig. 2 bis 4 zeigen je einen Beladungsumfang der Zugwaggons.
The invention will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment shown schematically in the drawing.
  • Fig. 1 shows a transport train with m-wagons and
  • 2 to 4 each show a loading range of the train wagons.

In Figur 1 ist ein Transportzug mit T1, T2 ... Tm-Waggons dargestellt, der mit einer rechnergestützten Steuereinheit 11 für die Plazierung von Fahrzeugen, die mit dem Zug 10 transportiert werden sollen, ausgerüstet ist. Die Steuereinheit 11 besteht aus einem Rechner 12, der Signale 13 von einem Längenmeßsensor 14 aufnimmt und verarbeitet. Die Betriebsweise der Steuereinheit 11 wird durch die im Rechner 12 enthaltene Software, in der die Längenmaße der Waggons Tj enthalten sind, bestimmt.In Figure 1, a transport train with T1, T2 ... Tm wagons is shown, which is equipped with a computer-aided control unit 11 for the placement of vehicles that are to be transported by train 10. The control unit 11 consists of a computer 12 which receives and processes signals 13 from a length measuring sensor 14. The mode of operation of the control unit 11 is determined by the software contained in the computer 12, which contains the length dimensions of the wagons Tj.

Der Rechner 12 ist in irgendeinem der Waggons Ti oder im Triebwagen angeordnet und enthält ferner einen Datenbus 16, der durch sämtliche Waggons Ti führt und zur Aufnahme von Signalen 17 von Zählsensoren 18 dient und Signale 20 bzw. 21 an optische Anzeigegeräte wie Ampeln 22 und Displays 23 weitergibt. Die Ampeln 22 befinden sich jeweils am vorderen und rückwärtigen Ende eines Waggons, während die Zählsensoren 18 jeweils am Anfang und am Ende der tatsächlichen Ladefläche 25 angeordnet sind. Optische Anzeigetafeln können je nach Bedarf vielseitig ausgestaltet sein. Im vorliegenden Beispiel ist an dem jeweiligen Ende eines Waggons je ein Display 23 zur Anzeige der Haltelinie vorgesehen, worauf auch weitere Mitteilungen, wie z. B. Motorausschalten, angegeben werden können.The computer 12 is arranged in any of the wagons Ti or in the railcar and also contains a data bus 16 which leads through all of the wagons Ti and serves to receive signals 17 from counting sensors 18 and signals 20 and 21 to optical display devices such as traffic lights 22 and displays 23 passes on. The traffic lights 22 are located at the front and rear ends of a wagon, while the counting sensors 18 are arranged at the beginning and at the end of the actual loading area 25. Optical display boards can be designed in a versatile manner as required. In the present example, a display 23 for displaying the stop line is provided at the respective end of a wagon, whereupon further messages, such as. B. engine shutdown, can be specified.

Bei der Beladung des Zuges 10 fährt das erste Fahrzeug in den Waggon Tm ein, wo mittels des Längensensors 14, der jede bekannte Bauart sein kann, die Länge des Fahrzeugs gemessen wird. Das Längensignal 13 geht in den Rechner 12 ein, dieser ordnet dem Fahrzeug die Nummer T1-1 zu, womit die erste Plazierung im Waggon T1 nachgewiesen wird.When the train 10 is loaded, the first vehicle enters the wagon Tm, where the length of the vehicle is measured by means of the length sensor 14, which can be of any known type. The length signal 13 is input into the computer 12, which assigns the number T1-1 to the vehicle, whereby the first placement in the wagon T1 is verified.

Dieses wird über die Ampeln 22 dem Fahrer des Fahrzeugs T1-1 erkenntlich gemacht, der dann solange durchfährt, bis er über die roten Ampeln am Ende des Waggons T1 sowie den Haltedisplay 23 zum Halten angewiesen wird.This is made known to the driver of the vehicle T1-1 via the traffic lights 22, who then drives through until the red traffic lights at the end of the wagon T1 and the stop display 23 instruct him to stop.

Die weiteren Fahrzeuge erhalten die Nummern T1-2 bis T1-N, wobei N die Nummer des desjenigen Fahrzeugs ist, das gerade noch im Waggon T1 Platz hat. Drei Situationen des einfahrenden Fahrzeugs T1-N sind in den Figuren 2 bis 4 dargestellt.The other vehicles are given the numbers T1-2 to T1-N, where N is the number of the vehicle that just has space in the T1 car. Three situations of the incoming vehicle T1-N are shown in Figures 2-4.

In Situation 1 (Fig. 2) befindet sich das Fahrzeug T1-N noch im Waggon T2. Die Ampeln 22 am Endes des Waggons stehen auf grün, also freie Fahrt für Fahrzeug T1-N. Beim Durchfahren des Zählsensors 18 (Situation 2, Figur 3) wird dieses N-te Fahrzeug registriert und dem Rechner 12 signalisiert, der die Ampeln 22 des Waggons T2 für das nachfolgende Fahrzeug T2-1 von gelb auf rot schaltet. Mit dem Umschalten auf rot kann gleichzeitig die Ampel des vorhergehenden Waggons T3 beginnen grün zu blinken, um damit den nachfolgenden Fahrern zu signalisieren, daß sie im folgenden Waggon ihren Standplatz finden.In situation 1 (FIG. 2) the vehicle T1-N is still in the wagon T2. The traffic lights 22 at the end of the wagon are green, that is, free travel for vehicle T1-N. When driving through the counting sensor 18 (situation 2, FIG. 3), this Nth vehicle is registered and signaled to the computer 12, which switches the traffic lights 22 of the wagons T2 for the following vehicle T2-1 from yellow to red. When switching to red, the traffic light of the previous car T3 can start to flash green to signal to the following drivers that they will find their place in the next car.

Auf diese Weise kann eine zügige Beladung des Transportzuges 10 ohne Personal erfolgen. Für einen richtungsunabhängigen Betrieb der Steuereinheit 11 sind die Waggons jeweils an ihren beiden Enden mit entsprechenden Einrichtungen 18, 22, 23 bestückt.In this way, the transport train 10 can be loaded quickly without personnel. For a direction-independent operation of the control unit 11, the wagons are equipped at both ends with corresponding devices 18, 22, 23.

Im Fall von Parkdecks von Schiffen oder Fähren werden zweckmäßigerweise zusätzlich Richtungspfeile angesteuert, mit denen der jeweilige Fahrer in die für ihn vorgesehene Kolonne geführt wird.In the case of parking decks of ships or ferries, directional arrows are expediently actuated, with which the respective driver is led into the column provided for him.

Um eine optimale Nutzung des Parkdecks zu ermöglichen, können in diesem Fall außer den Sensoren, die die Länge des Fahrzeugs messen, auch Sensoren, die zusätzlich die Breite des Fahrzeugs messen, vorgesehen werden, so daß zwischen Pkw's und Omnibussen bzw. Lastwagen unterschieden werden kann.In order to enable optimal use of the parking deck, in addition to the sensors that measure the length of the vehicle, sensors can also be provided that also measure the width of the vehicle, so that a distinction can be made between cars and buses or trucks .

Claims (6)

  1. A device for loading spaces with objects of varying sizes, characterised in that the device has a computer-aided control unit (11) with which automatic placing of the objects (Tj-i) is implemented in dependence on the particular size of the said objects.
  2. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the computer-aided control unit (11) has a length sensor (14) for detecting the measurements of the objects (Tj-i) and a computer (12) provided with a program with which the placing of the particular object within the space (Tj) is calculated in dependence on the sensor signal (13) and which issues an appropriate control signal (20, 21).
  3. A device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that optical and/or acoustic indicators (22, 23) are activated with the control signals (20, 21).
  4. A device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that robot arms, cranes or the like are activated with the control signals.
  5. An application of the device according to one of claims 1 to 3 for loading transportation means (10) with road vehicles (Tj-i).
  6. An application according to claim 5, characterised in that the computer-aided control unit (11) is provided with length measurement sensors (14) and counting sensors (18) and also with optical displays (22, 23) such as traffic lights (22) for example.
EP90102345A 1989-03-08 1990-02-07 Device for stocking spaces with articles of different dimensions Expired - Lifetime EP0386478B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3907376A DE3907376A1 (en) 1989-03-08 1989-03-08 DEVICE FOR LOADING SPACES WITH ITEMS OF DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS
DE3907376 1989-03-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0386478A1 EP0386478A1 (en) 1990-09-12
EP0386478B1 true EP0386478B1 (en) 1992-12-02

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90102345A Expired - Lifetime EP0386478B1 (en) 1989-03-08 1990-02-07 Device for stocking spaces with articles of different dimensions

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EP (1) EP0386478B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3907376A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104608786A (en) * 2015-01-31 2015-05-13 郭玉 Vehicle loading warning device for railway flatcar

Families Citing this family (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4123579C1 (en) * 1991-07-13 1992-07-16 Aeg Westinghouse Transport-Systeme Gmbh, 1000 Berlin, De
DE4233007A1 (en) * 1992-10-01 1994-04-07 Krupp Foerdertechnik Gmbh Method for transferring cargo units onto or from a train and device for carrying out the method
DE4242703B4 (en) * 1992-12-17 2004-05-06 Papst Logistic Licensing Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and device for mechanically loading the loading area of a vehicle
DE4245047B4 (en) * 1992-12-17 2010-09-16 Knapp Ag Method of loading lorries - measures dimensions and weight of articles at measuring unit in direction of travel, sorts them, and arranges them in rows in loading area
DE4306960A1 (en) * 1993-03-05 1993-10-07 Weigel Michael Dipl Ing Fh Simultaneous computer-controlled vehicle loading and transhipment - enables persons and objects of various sizes to be loaded or unloaded to or from either side , front or rear of precisely positioned carrier
DE19744339A1 (en) * 1997-10-07 1999-11-18 Maurer Friedrich Soehne Automatic multi storey car park
DE19821799A1 (en) * 1998-05-15 1999-11-18 Joachim Schwarz Road vehicle parking facility
DE10050385A1 (en) * 2000-10-12 2002-04-18 Abb Patent Gmbh Method for determining degree of loading of container comprises loading each item by robot, scanner attached to this measuring dimensions of each item and determining its position in container and computer calculating degree of loading
DE102014223031B4 (en) 2013-12-18 2020-07-16 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Method and system for loading a motor vehicle
SE543087C2 (en) * 2018-06-21 2020-10-06 Macgregor Sweden Ab Ship cargo ramp positioning system

Family Cites Families (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2440682C3 (en) * 1974-08-24 1978-08-24 Karl L. Dipl.-Ing. 7967 Bad Waldsee Ringer Handling system for containers and pallets
GB1505992A (en) * 1975-07-17 1978-04-05 Asea Ab Means for handling vehicle-carrying pallets or like platforms
DE3136687C2 (en) * 1981-09-16 1986-05-15 Karl L. Dipl.-Ing. 7967 Bad Waldsee Ringer System, operating procedures and devices for simultaneous and maneuvering-free transshipment between rail and rail as well as road and rail
DE3318420A1 (en) * 1983-05-20 1984-11-22 Hans Kaltenbach Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co, 7850 Lörrach Device for storage of bar-shaped workpieces
DD221708A1 (en) * 1984-02-07 1985-05-02 Seefahrt Inghochschule ARRANGEMENT FOR SITUATION LIMITATION IN SHIP-LINE DIRECTIONS
DE3616484A1 (en) * 1986-05-15 1987-11-19 Schlimm Norbert Dipl Ing System for loading and unloading motor vehicles and loads onto and from a rail vehicle

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104608786A (en) * 2015-01-31 2015-05-13 郭玉 Vehicle loading warning device for railway flatcar

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Publication number Publication date
DE59000517D1 (en) 1993-01-14
EP0386478A1 (en) 1990-09-12
DE3907376A1 (en) 1990-09-13

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