EP0385819B1 - Distributor for a precision seed drill - Google Patents
Distributor for a precision seed drill Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0385819B1 EP0385819B1 EP19900400258 EP90400258A EP0385819B1 EP 0385819 B1 EP0385819 B1 EP 0385819B1 EP 19900400258 EP19900400258 EP 19900400258 EP 90400258 A EP90400258 A EP 90400258A EP 0385819 B1 EP0385819 B1 EP 0385819B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hopper
- distributor device
- feed duct
- cover
- rotary disc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/04—Single-grain seeders with or without suction devices
- A01C7/042—Single-grain seeders with or without suction devices using pneumatic means
- A01C7/044—Pneumatic seed wheels
- A01C7/046—Pneumatic seed wheels with perforated seeding discs
Definitions
- Distributor devices for single-seed seeder usually comprise a casing having a generally circular part which is divided into a seed chamber and a vacuum chamber by a rotary disc provided with perfarations of orifices circumferentially spaced, and a channel feeder connecting the seed chamber to a reserve hopper placed above it.
- a casing having a generally circular part which is divided into a seed chamber and a vacuum chamber by a rotary disc provided with perfarations of orifices circumferentially spaced, and a channel feeder connecting the seed chamber to a reserve hopper placed above it.
- the feeding of the dispensing device is thus extremely simple, the seeds passing from the hopper to the seed chamber by simple gravity.
- it is essential, to avoid unnecessary loss of seeds and ensure regularity of the sowing, that the hopper and the feed channel are strictly in line with one another and in tight contact.
- the rectilinear surfaces of junction of these two members are difficult to machine while their assembly requires a perfectly oriented maneuver to avoid any risk of jamming.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome these problems by providing a dispensing device in which the junction faces of the feed channel and the hopper are positioned practically automatically, without requiring any particular machining.
- the subject of this invention is in fact a dispensing device for a precision seed drill comprising a casing divided by a rotary disc into a seed chamber and a vacuum chamber, and a feed channel which opens out at the bottom of the seed chamber and is extended at its upper part by a seed hopper, in which the upper end of the feed channel and the lower end of the hopper have complementary arcuate shapes.
- the upper edge of the feed channel and the lower edge of the hopper form circular arcs centered on the axis of the rotating disc.
- the feed channel and the hopper are positioned automatically with respect to each other as soon as the casing is placed on the central axis of the distributor.
- the seed chamber and the feed channel are formed in a cover of the casing and the latter can thus be dismantled and replaced as often as necessary, without fear of deterioration of the operation of the distributor.
- the dispensing device shown in Fig. 1 and 2 comprises a casing, of generally cylindrical shape, constituted by a housing 1 and a cover 2 which are crossed by the same axis 4 but are separated from each other by a disc rotary 6 carried by this axis.
- a vacuum chamber 8 delimited by a partition 9, is connected by a conduit 10 to a suitable vacuum source (not shown).
- the disc 6 closes this chamber 8 and comprises at least one row of perforations 12, circumferentially spaced, which are thus in communication with the source of vacuum during part of their rotation around the axis 4.
- the disc 6 By its opposite face, the disc 6 closes a seed chamber 14 formed in the cover 2.
- a partition 16 substantially parallel to the side wall of the cover, isolates this chamber from most of the periphery of the disc 6, this is that is to say the major part of the perforations 12 of this disc. Only a certain number of perforations, which have an upward movement during the rotation of the disc 6, are thus in contact with the seeds contained in the chamber 14, which allows them to take these seeds under the effect of the depression transmitted to through them.
- the feed channel 18 From the seed chamber 14 leaves a feed channel 18 which goes upwards and extends beyond the cover 2.
- the feed channel 18 has a substantially rectangular cross section whose large faces are parallel to the bottom 20 of the cover or even partially formed by the latter. Their upper part is each curved.
- the upper edge of the supply channel thus forms two circular arcs 22 and 24 respectively which are connected by two straight portions 26.
- the curved edges 22 and 24 are centered on the axis 4 of the dispenser support while the edges rectilinear 26 are parallel to this axis, that is to say horizontal.
- the feed channel 18 is fed from a reserve hopper 28 which has the shape of an inverted pyramid trunk.
- the lower part or small base 30 of this pyramid has a rectangular shape analogous to the cross section of the supply channel 18.
- This base is extended by a conduit 32 whose two large faces 34 are terminated by a curved lower edge 36 whose concavity is facing down.
- the short sides 38 are terminated by rectilinear horizontal edges 40.
- the lower edges 36 of the duct 32 have radii of curvature similar to those of the upper edges 22 and 24 of the supply channel 18.
- the lower edges of the hopper 28 and the upper edges of the feed channel 18 have complementary shapes and can be nested one on top of the other.
- the hopper 28 is mounted on the seed drill, for example on a support bar 42 (Fig. 2) by means of a fixing member such as a bolt 44 and its nut 45.
- the housing can also be mounted on the support bar 42 by virtue of a fixing lug 46 pierced with a hole for passing the bolt 44.
- the housing 1 and the cover 2 are also assembled to each other by means of bolts 48 successively passing through a lug of fixing 50 of the housing and a fixing lug 52 of the cover.
- the housing 1 provided with the axis 4 and the rotating disc 6 is mounted on the support bar 42 then the cover is threaded on the axis 4.
- the feed channel 18 is automatically fitted under the hollowed-out conduit 32 of the hopper 28.
- Any angular misalignment is easily corrected by a slight pivoting of the cover on the axis 4, that is to say say a relative movement of the circular arcs 22 and 24 with respect to the circular arcs 36.
- the vertical alignment is established automatically when the bolts 48 are tightened.
- cover 2 can also be removed by a simple translational movement along the axis 4, without risk of damaging the hopper or the junction between these two members. Maintenance or other operations can therefore be carried out as often as necessary.
- the dispensing device comprises a supply channel 58 formed on the housing61.
- This channel which has a shape analogous to that of channel 18, is in communication at its lower part with the seed chamber 64 of the cover 2 thanks to an orifice 65 of the rotary disc 66.
- the supply channel 58 comprises, in the same way as the channel 18, upper edges in circular arcs 22, 24 which have a shape exactly complementary to that of the arcuate edges 36 of the conduit 32 of the seed reserve hopper 28.
- the housing 61 then preferably constitutes the removable element of the dispenser. It pivots on the shaft 4 on the side of the disc 66 opposite the pinion 68 for driving this shaft.
- the cover 62 pivots on the shaft 4 between the pinion 68 and the disc 66 and is provided with a fixing lug 70 which is crossed by the screw 44 for fixing the hopper 18 to the support bar 42.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
- Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
Description
Les dispositifs distributeurs pour semoir mono- graine comportent de manière habituelle un carter ayant une partie de forme générale circulaire qui est divisée en une chambre de graines et une chambre de dépression par un disque rotatif muni de perfarations d'orifices espacés circonférentiellement, et un canal d'alimentation reliant la chambre de graines à une trémie de réserve placée au-dessus de lui. Un tel dispositif est décrit dans le document US-A-4074830.Distributor devices for single-seed seeder usually comprise a casing having a generally circular part which is divided into a seed chamber and a vacuum chamber by a rotary disc provided with perfarations of orifices circumferentially spaced, and a channel feeder connecting the seed chamber to a reserve hopper placed above it. Such a device is described in document US-A-4074830.
L'alimentation du dispositif distributeur s'effectue ainsi de manière extrêmement simple, les graines passant de la trémie à la chambre de graines par simple gravité. Toutefois il est indispensable, pour éviter les pertes inutiles de graines et assurer au semis sa régularité, que la trémie et le canal d'alimentation soient rigoureusement dans le prolongement l'un de l'autre et en contact étanche. Or les surfaces rectilignes de jonction de ces deux organes sont délicates à usiner tandis que leur montage exige une manoeuvre parfaitement orientée pour éviter tout risque de coincement.The feeding of the dispensing device is thus extremely simple, the seeds passing from the hopper to the seed chamber by simple gravity. However, it is essential, to avoid unnecessary loss of seeds and ensure regularity of the sowing, that the hopper and the feed channel are strictly in line with one another and in tight contact. However, the rectilinear surfaces of junction of these two members are difficult to machine while their assembly requires a perfectly oriented maneuver to avoid any risk of jamming.
La présente invention a pour but de supprimer ces problèmes en fournissant un dispositif distributeur dans lequel les faces de jonction du canal d'alimentation et de la trémie se positionnent pratiquement automatiquement, sans exiger d'usinage particulier.The object of the present invention is to overcome these problems by providing a dispensing device in which the junction faces of the feed channel and the hopper are positioned practically automatically, without requiring any particular machining.
Cette invention a en effet pour objet un dispositif distributeur pour semoir monograine comportant un carter divisé par un disque rotatif en une chambre de graines et une chambre de dépression, et un canal d'alimentation qui débouche à la partie inférieure de la chambre de graines et est prolongé à sa partie supérieure par une trémie de réserve de graines, dans lequel l'extrémité supérieure du canal d'alimentation et l'extrémité inférieure de la trémie ont des formes arquées complémentaires.The subject of this invention is in fact a dispensing device for a precision seed drill comprising a casing divided by a rotary disc into a seed chamber and a vacuum chamber, and a feed channel which opens out at the bottom of the seed chamber and is extended at its upper part by a seed hopper, in which the upper end of the feed channel and the lower end of the hopper have complementary arcuate shapes.
Selon un mode préféré de réalisation, le bord supérieur du canal d'alimentation et le bord inférieur de la trémie forment des arcs de cercle centrés sur l'axe du disque rotatif.According to a preferred embodiment, the upper edge of the feed channel and the lower edge of the hopper form circular arcs centered on the axis of the rotating disc.
Grâce à cette disposition le canal d'alimentation et la trémie se positionnent automatiquement l'un par rapport à l'autre dès que l'on met en place le carter sur l'axe central du distributeur.Thanks to this arrangement, the feed channel and the hopper are positioned automatically with respect to each other as soon as the casing is placed on the central axis of the distributor.
De préférence la chambre de graines et le canal d'alimentation sont formés dans un couvercle du carter et celui-ci peut ainsi être démonté et remis en place aussi souvent que cela est nécessaire, sans crainte de détérioration du fonctionnement du distributeur.Preferably the seed chamber and the feed channel are formed in a cover of the casing and the latter can thus be dismantled and replaced as often as necessary, without fear of deterioration of the operation of the distributor.
La description ci-dessous de modes de réalisation, donnés à titre d'exemple non limitatif et représentés aux dessins annexés, fera d'ailleurs ressortir les avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention. Sur ces dessins :
- La figure 1 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'un distributeur de semoir monograine selon l'invention.
- La figure 2 est une vue en coupe verticale du distributeur de la Fig.1 en position d'utilisation.
- La figure 3 est une vue analogue à la Fig.2 d'une variante de réalisation.
- Figure 1 is an exploded perspective view of a precision seed drill distributor according to the invention.
- Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of the dispenser of Fig.1 in the use position.
- Figure 3 is a view similar to Fig.2 of an alternative embodiment.
Le dispositif distributeur représenté sur les Fig.1 et 2 comporte un carter, de forme générale cylindrique, constitué par un boîtier 1 et un couvercle 2 qui sont traversés par un même axe 4 mais sont séparés l'un de l'autre par un disque rotatif 6 porté par cet axe.The dispensing device shown in Fig. 1 and 2 comprises a casing, of generally cylindrical shape, constituted by a
A l'intérieur du boîtier 1 une chambre de dépression 8, délimitée par une cloison 9, est reliée par un conduit 10 à une source de dépression appropriée (non représentée). Le disque 6 ferme cette chambre 8 et comporte au moins une rangée de perforations 12, espacées circonférentiellement, qui sont ainsi en communication avec la source de dépression pendant une partie de leur rotation autour de l'axe 4.Inside the housing 1 a
Par sa face opposée, le disque 6 ferme une chambre de graines 14 ménagée dans le couvercle 2. Une cloison 16, sensiblement parallèle à la paroi latérale du couvercle, isole cette chambre de la majeure partie de la périphérie du disque 6, c'est-à-dire de la majeure partie des perforations 12 de ce disque. Seules un certain nombre de perforations, qui ont un mouvement ascendant lors de la rotation du disque 6, sont ainsi en contact avec les graines contenues dans la chambre 14, ce qui leur permet de prélever ces graines sous l'effet de la dépression transmise à travers elles.By its opposite face, the
De la chambre de graines 14 part un canal d'alimentation 18 qui se dirige vers le haut et se prolonge au-delà du couvercle 2. Le canal d'alimentation 18 a une section droite sensiblement rectangulaire dont les grandes faces sont parallèles au fond 20 du couvercle ou même partiellement constituées par ce dernier. Aleur partie supérieure chacune de ces grandes faces est incurvée. Le bord supérieur du canal d'alimentation forme ainsi deux arcs de cercle respectivement 22 et 24 qui sont reliés par deux portions rectilignes 26. De préférence les bords incurvés 22 et 24 sont centrés sur l'axe 4 de support du distributeur tandis que les bords rectilignes 26 sont parallèles à cet axe c'est-à-dire horizontaux.From the
Le canal d'alimentation 18 est alimenté à partir d'une trémie de réserve 28 qui a la forme d'un tronc de pyramide renversé. La partie inférieure ou petite base 30 de cette pyramide a une forme rectangulaire analogue à la section droite du canal d'alimentation 18. Cette base est prolongée par un conduit 32 dont les deux grandes faces 34 sont terminées par un bord inférieur incurvé 36 dont la concavité est tournée vers le bas. Les petits côtés 38 sont terminés par des bords rectilignes horizontaux 40.The
Les bords inférieurs 36 du conduit 32 ont des rayons de courbure semblables à ceux des bords supérieurs 22 et 24 du canal d'alimentation 18. Ainsi les bords inférieurs de la trémie 28 et les bords supérieurs du canal d'alimentation 18 ont des formes complémentaires et peuvent être emboîtés de manière étanche les uns sur les autres.The
La trémie 28 est montée sur le semoir, par exemple sur une barre de support 42 (Fig.2) par l'intermédiaire d'un organe de fixation tel qu'un boulon 44 et son écrou 45. Le boîtier peut également être monté sur la barre de support 42 grâce à une patte de fixation 46 percée d'un trou de passage du boulon 44. Le boîtier 1 et le couvercle 2 sont également assemblés l'un à l'autre au moyen de boulons 48 traversant successivement une patte de fixation 50 du boîtier et une patte de fixation 52 du couvercle.The
Lors de l'assemblage du distributeur le boîtier 1 muni de l'axe 4 et du disque rotatif 6 est monté sur la barre de support 42 puis le couvercle est enfilé sur l'axe 4. Lors de cette translation le long de l'axe 4, le canal d'alimentation 18 vient automatiquement s'em- boiter sous le conduit évidé 32 de la trémie 28. Tout défaut d'alignement angulaire est facilement corrigé par un léger pivotement du couvercle sur l'axe 4 c'est-à-dire un déplacement relatif des arcs de cercle 22 et 24 par rapport aux arcs de cercle 36. Ces arcs ayant sensiblement le même rayon de courbure, ce déplacement s'effectue facilement et aucun risque de coincement n'est à craindre. L'alignementvertical s'établit automatiquement lors du serrage des boulons 48.During assembly of the distributor, the
Il est clair que le couvercle 2 peut être démonté également par un simple déplacement en translation le long de l'axe 4, sans risque de détérioration de la trémie ni de la jonction entre ces deux organes. Des opérations de maintenance ou autres peuvent donc être effectuées aussi souvent que cela est nécessaire.It is clear that the cover 2 can also be removed by a simple translational movement along the
Par ailleurs on obtient à la jonction entre le canal d'alimentation et la trémie une étanchéité réelle tandis que l'usinage des bords arqués ne pose aucun problème.Furthermore, a real seal is obtained at the junction between the feed channel and the hopper, while the machining of the arcuate edges poses no problem.
Selon une variante de réalisation représentée sur la Fig.3, le dispositif distributeur comporte un canal d'alimentation 58 formé sur le boîtier61. Ce canal, qui a une forme analogue à celle du canal 18, est en communication à sa partie inférieure avec la chambre de graines 64 du couvercle 2 grâce à un orifice 65 du disque rotatif 66. A sa partie supérieure le canal d'alimentation 58 comporte, de la même manière que le canal 18, des bords supérieurs en arcs de cercle 22, 24 qui ont une forme exactement complémentaire de celle des bords arqués 36 du conduit 32 de la trémie de réserve de graines 28.According to an alternative embodiment shown in Fig.3, the dispensing device comprises a supply channel 58 formed on the housing61. This channel, which has a shape analogous to that of
Le boîtier 61 constitue alors, de préférence, l'élément démontable du distributeur. Il tourillonne sur l'arbre 4 du côté du disque 66 opposé au pignon 68 d'entraînement de cet arbre. Le couvercle 62 tourillonne lui sur l'arbre 4 entre le pignon 68 et le disque 66 et est muni d'une patte de fixation 70 qui est traversée par la vis 44 de fixation de la trémie 18 sur la barre de support 42.The
La mise en place du distributeur de même que son démontage est ainsi considérablement simplifié tandis que l'étanchéité entre le canal d'alimentation 58 et la trémie 28, 32 est assurée, de la même manière que dans le mode de réalisation des Fig.1 et 2.The installation of the distributor as well as its disassembly is thus considerably simplified while the seal between the feed channel 58 and the
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8902674 | 1989-03-01 | ||
FR8902674A FR2643780B1 (en) | 1989-03-01 | 1989-03-01 | DISPENSING DEVICE FOR SINGLE-SEED DRILL |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0385819A1 EP0385819A1 (en) | 1990-09-05 |
EP0385819B1 true EP0385819B1 (en) | 1992-10-21 |
Family
ID=9379261
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19900400258 Expired - Lifetime EP0385819B1 (en) | 1989-03-01 | 1990-01-30 | Distributor for a precision seed drill |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0385819B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69000389T2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2643780B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100360004C (en) * | 2005-08-15 | 2008-01-09 | 辽宁省农业机械化研究所 | Seed metering device for opposite growing corn and its seed metering method |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB650591A (en) * | 1948-03-19 | 1951-02-28 | Albert Sidney Bone | An improved machine for sowing seeds |
FR2135702A5 (en) * | 1971-04-14 | 1972-12-22 | Ribouleau Ateliers | |
US4074830A (en) * | 1974-09-23 | 1978-02-21 | Allis-Chalmers Corporation | Compressed air seed planter |
-
1989
- 1989-03-01 FR FR8902674A patent/FR2643780B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-01-30 DE DE1990600389 patent/DE69000389T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-01-30 EP EP19900400258 patent/EP0385819B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69000389T2 (en) | 1993-03-04 |
FR2643780A1 (en) | 1990-09-07 |
EP0385819A1 (en) | 1990-09-05 |
FR2643780B1 (en) | 1992-01-10 |
DE69000389D1 (en) | 1992-11-26 |
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