EP0383774A1 - Skid simulator for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Skid simulator for motor vehicles

Info

Publication number
EP0383774A1
EP0383774A1 EP19880907334 EP88907334A EP0383774A1 EP 0383774 A1 EP0383774 A1 EP 0383774A1 EP 19880907334 EP19880907334 EP 19880907334 EP 88907334 A EP88907334 A EP 88907334A EP 0383774 A1 EP0383774 A1 EP 0383774A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
drum
fork
stand
wheel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19880907334
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bruno Didier
Jean-Pierre Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CERCENTRE ATLANTIQUE
Original Assignee
CERCENTRE ATLANTIQUE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CERCENTRE ATLANTIQUE filed Critical CERCENTRE ATLANTIQUE
Publication of EP0383774A1 publication Critical patent/EP0383774A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
    • G09B9/02—Simulators for teaching or training purposes for teaching control of vehicles or other craft
    • G09B9/04—Simulators for teaching or training purposes for teaching control of vehicles or other craft for teaching control of land vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B19/00—Teaching not covered by other main groups of this subclass
    • G09B19/16—Control of vehicles or other craft
    • G09B19/167—Control of land vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention finds its utility in activities relating to driving. It mainly aims to promote learning to drive motor vehicles in good safety conditions, by controlling skidding or loss of grip.
  • the invention provides a skid simulator device characterized in that it essentially comprises a support stand provided with mounting means in at least one fixed position centered on the axis of a vehicle wheel, and a caster rotatably mounted at one end of a fork itself mounted by a pivot at its other freely pivotable end around a radius to said support, said fork being oriented at an angle to said radius.
  • the fixed position of the support corresponds to a vertical position of said spoke and the caster then reaches the same horizontal level as a normal vehicle wheel in place of which the device is mounted.
  • this device in the direction of simulating a skid at low speed is easily understood by the fact that the caster, preferably in a largely eccentric position, has a small dimension compared to that of normal wheels, with the tires. that equip them, and that its support on the ground offers a grip much less than that of these tires.
  • Driving at very low speed is nevertheless possible thanks to the hunting angle provided by the biased orientation of the fork carrying the caster, by freely pivoting on its support to orient itself either longitudinally parallel to the vehicle in a straight line, or laterally as a function of the direction of movement of the vehicle in the turns.
  • the invention aims in in addition to allowing, by a variation of this hunting angle, to regulate the speed of movement of the vehicle for which the device will simulate the skid.
  • the device according to the invention advantageously comprises means for adjusting the hunting angle by varying said orientation at an angle of the fork carrying the caster, possibly directly relative to the radius defined by the fixed position of the stand. support.
  • these means for adjusting the hunting angle are designed to operate by acting on the orientation of said radius relative to the vertical.
  • These may in particular be circularly elongated lights which allow the passage of conventional bolts making it possible to screw the support stand on a wheel drum, in an orientation which can thus vary around the fixed position defined above.
  • it further comprises a protective housing mountable in said fixed position on a wheel drum centered on the axis.
  • the stand can then also be mounted on the same drum, over a bottom of the housing which has holes for the passage of conventional bolts.
  • the action of these bolts, which are part of the mounting means of the stand, can advantageously be supplemented by members preventing an untimely rotation of the drum, in particular by a lug fixed to the rear of the housing, intended to come in stop on a non-rotating element of the vehicle, such as a suspension element, this at least in the forward direction.
  • the housing is shaped to wrap the stand and externally present a space similar to that of a wheel, as well as possibly an appearance similar to that of such a wheel provided with its tire.
  • This same housing is advantageously open above the caster to allow free pivoting of the latter with the fork which carries it. It may include, at the level of the caster, a flexible skirt capable of hiding this equipment from view and of playing the role of a broom avoiding splashing.
  • the stand comprises a connecting flange with the wheel drum in front of the latter and lateral reinforcement brackets placed on either side and on the other side of the drum, the assembly being completed by a perpendicular support plate which passes under the drum and supports the pivot at this location, in a position inside the support polygon of the vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 shows in vertical section a skid simulator according to the invention, mounted on a wheel drum;
  • FIG. 2 shows the same device seen in cross section from the right of Figure 1;
  • - Figure 3 shows only the stand of the skid simulator, perspective view;
  • the skid simulator is mounted on a wheel drum 2, at the end of an axle 3 which defines the axis of the device. It comprises a housing 4 which envelops a crutch 5, which supports in its lower part a caster 6 placed outside the housing proper, slightly under the drum 2.
  • the housing 4 like the crutch 5 are mounted centered on the axis of the wheel drum, where the stand is linked to the housing by a crimping flange 10 formed by a bottom 7 of the housing, placed directly in front of the drum 2.
  • the bottom 7 of the housing shaped to bypass the drum 2 all around, has in its upper part two legs 8 and 9. These are provided to come into abutment on elements of the suspension of the wheel set on which the simulator is mounted, one when the vehicle is traveling in forward, the other when it is traveling in reverse. They thus form an obstacle to any effect of rotation of the drum which would cause the unraveling simulator.
  • the housing 4 has on its front face 11 a removable cover 12. This closes an opening 13, of square outline in the particular case described, which allows access easily to the entire system of mounting the skid simulator on the wheel drum. When the housing is closed, the cover 12 engages by lugs 14 under a flange 15 formed on the front face of the housing around the opening 13 and it is fixed in this position by a locking bolt 16.
  • the stand 5 has a flat flange 18, which when the stand is in the mounted position on the wheel drum 2, is placed vertically in front of it, from which it is simply separated by the bottom of the housing 4.
  • the stand 5 is reinforced by brackets, some 21.22 towards the rear of the device (towards the interior of the vehicle), others 23.24 towards the front. They join the flange 18 to a perpendicular plate 25, horizontal in the position shown.
  • the plate 25 forms the support part on which is mounted a fork 26 which carries the caster 6 by a pivot 27.
  • this pivot is located at the upper end on a plate connecting the two branches of the fork, then that the caster is rotatably mounted on its axis between the two branches of the fork at its lower end.
  • the pivot 27 has its axis oriented vertically, on the radius of the stand virtually drawn between it and the center of the flange 18, therefore the axis of the axle.
  • the fork 26 is oriented at an angle relative to this vertical radius. When it rotates, it therefore describes wine cone centered on this radius.
  • the flange 18 has a square shape and that the housing 4 which envelops the stand has a circular shape, however truncated at its lower part at the level of the roller 6.
  • the shape of this housing up to its outer contour 31 occupies a space corresponding substantially to that of a normal vehicle wheel fitted with its tire.
  • the housing 4 is closed by a transverse wall connecting the bottom and front face over its entire circular outline, while it is open at its lower part, truncated to allow passage to the caster 6 in all the positions it takes during the pivoting of the fork 26.
  • a skirt 32 of flexible material which constitutes both a concealment for the caster and its fork and wine mop anti-mud when the simulator skid is in operation, the caster 6 bearing on the ground.
  • the distance between the caster and the axle axis provided by the biased orientation of the fork 26 defines the caster angle which determines the speed at which the vehicle thus equipped tends to slip. .
  • This hunting angle is adjustable by the method of mounting the skid simulator on the wheel drum 2, depending on whether the radius of the pivot 27 is more or less inclined in one direction or the other relative to the truly vertical direction.
  • slots 34 are formed through the flange 18 in correspondence with orifices 35 in the bottom of the housing 4, which themselves correspond to tapped holes in the wheel drum which serve as conventional way of fixing the wheel by bolts not shown.
  • the bolts are screwed through the lights 34 and the holes 35. Their tightening blocks the flange 18 against the bottom of the housing in any of the positions authorized by the lights.
  • Figure 2 shows that the flange 18 has an additional light 36, in which then moves the pin 37 protruding from the housing.
  • the position of the stud 37 in the slot 36 makes it easy to identify in what position the crutch is located relative to the reference position where the pivot 27 is vertical to the axle axis.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Educational Administration (AREA)
  • Educational Technology (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Entrepreneurship & Innovation (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif simulateur de dérapage, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte essentiellement une béquille (5) munie de moyens de montage en au moins une position fixe centrée sur l'axe d'une roue de véhicule, et une roulette (6) montée rotative à une extrémité d'une fourche (26) elle-même montée par un pivot (27) en son autre extrémité librement pivotante autour d'un rayon dudit support, ladite fourche (26) étant orientée en biais par rapport audit rayon.Skid simulator device, characterized in that it essentially comprises a stand (5) provided with mounting means in at least one fixed position centered on the axis of a vehicle wheel, and a caster (6) rotatably mounted at one end of a fork (26) itself mounted by a pivot (27) at its other freely pivotable end around a radius of said support, said fork (26) being oriented at an angle relative to said radius.

Description

DISPOSITIF SIMULATEUR DE DERAPAGE POUR VEHICULE AUTOMOBILE SLIDING SIMULATOR DEVICE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE
La présente invention trouve son utilité dans les activités ayant rapport avec la conduite automobile. Elle vise en effet principalement à favoriser l'apprentissage à la conduite des véhicules automobiles dans de bonnes conditions de sécurité, par le contrôle du dérapage ou des pertes d'adhérence.The present invention finds its utility in activities relating to driving. It mainly aims to promote learning to drive motor vehicles in good safety conditions, by controlling skidding or loss of grip.
On sait qu'un bon nombre des accidents que l'on déplore sur les routes sont dûs au f it que les conducteurs savent mal user de leurs freins et évaluer leur vitesse en fonction du véhicule et de l'état des chaussées, ce qui provoque des dérapages à des vitesses plus ou moins grandes, le conducteur perdant alors le contrôle de son véhicule, à la fois en vitesse et en direction. Qi comprend donc tout l'intérêt que les conducteurs ont à se rendre plus maîtres de leur véhicule en prévoyant ce genre de dérapage, pour l'éviter ou du moins pour le contrôler s'il ne peut être complètement évité. Pour lutter contre les accidents intervenant à la suite de dérapages, on a déjà proposé divers dispositifs anti-dérapage, qui ont pour fonction d'empêcher la poursuite du dérapage quand il survient, en général en provoquant des effets d'accélération et de décélération rapides sur la rotation des roues. Mais l'invention part d'un principe radicalement opposé, car loin de chercher à empêcher le dérapage ou les pertes d'adhérence, elle propose au contraire de les favoriser dans des séances d'apprentissage sur des véhicules spécialement équipés.We know that a good number of accidents on the roads are due to the fact that drivers know how to use their brakes badly and assess their speed according to the vehicle and the condition of the roadways, which causes slippage at greater or lesser speeds, the driver then losing control of his vehicle, both in speed and in direction. Qi therefore understands all the interest that drivers have in making themselves more masters of their vehicle by providing for this kind of slip, to avoid it or at least to control it if it cannot be completely avoided. To prevent accidents occurring as a result of skids, various anti-skid devices have already been proposed, which have the function of preventing the continuation of the skid when it occurs, generally by causing rapid acceleration and deceleration effects. on the rotation of the wheels. However, the invention starts from a radically opposite principle, since far from seeking to prevent skidding or loss of grip, it proposes, on the contrary, to favor them in learning sessions on specially equipped vehicles.
Elle vise donc à la conception d'un dispositif qui constitue véritablement un simulateur de dérapage et qui est destiné à être monté soit sur des voitures spéciales pour l'apprentissage de la conduite automobile ou l'entraînement à la pratique du dérapage, soit sur des véhicules courants qui sont équipés de la sorte de manière provisoire. Elle vise aussi à la conception d'un tel dispositif qui soit peu coûteux, de construction simple et d'utilisation facile, et qui puisse être monté rapidement à la place d'une roue classique sur toutes sortes de véhicules automobiles, tels que des véhicules utilitaires, des voitures de tourisme ou des voitures spécialement conçues pour des écoles ou des activités ludiques.It therefore aims at the design of a device which truly constitutes a skid simulator and which is intended to be mounted either on special cars for learning to drive a car or training in the practice of skidding, or on stock vehicles which are provisionally equipped in this way. It also aims at the design of such a device which is inexpensive, of simple construction and easy to use, and which can be quickly mounted in place of a conventional wheel on all kinds of motor vehicles, such as vehicles. utilities, passenger cars or cars specially designed for schools or fun activities.
Dans ce but, l'invention propose un dispositif simulateur de dérapage caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte essentiellement une béquille support munie de moyens de montage en au moins une position fixe centrée sur l'axe d'une roue de véhicule, et une roulette montée rotative à une extrémité d'une fourche elle-même montée par un pivot en son autre extrémité librement pivotante autour d'un rayon audit support, ladite fourche étant orientée en biais par rapport audit rayon. De préférence, la position fixe du support correspond à une position verticale dudit rayon et la roulette parvient alors à vin même niveau horizontal qu'une roue normale du véhicule à la place de laquelle le dispositif est monté.To this end, the invention provides a skid simulator device characterized in that it essentially comprises a support stand provided with mounting means in at least one fixed position centered on the axis of a vehicle wheel, and a caster rotatably mounted at one end of a fork itself mounted by a pivot at its other freely pivotable end around a radius to said support, said fork being oriented at an angle to said radius. Preferably, the fixed position of the support corresponds to a vertical position of said spoke and the caster then reaches the same horizontal level as a normal vehicle wheel in place of which the device is mounted.
Les termes utilisés dans les définitions qui précèdent, notamment ceux de fourche et de béquille, et les notions de centrage et de rayon, ne doivent pas être interprétés dans un sens restrictif, car les organes essentiels du dispositif de l'invention peuvent être remplacés par des éléments de forme quelconque du moment qu'ils sont capables de remplir des fonctions équivalentes dans la réalisation des buts de l'invention. Pour l'adaptation du dispositif à un véhicule déterminé, ces éléments sont avantageusement di ensionnés de sorte que le dispositif puisse être monté à la place d'une roue du véhicule, notamment une roue arrière, qu'il soit alors centré sur l'axe de l'essieu correspondant, et que dans cette position restant fixe, la roulette porte sur le sol lorsque le véhicule est équilibré sur ses autres roues.The terms used in the above definitions, in particular those of fork and crutch, and the concepts of centering and radius, should not be interpreted in a restrictive sense, since the essential organs of the device of the invention can be replaced by elements of any shape as long as they are capable of performing equivalent functions in achieving the aims of the invention. For the adaptation of the device to a specific vehicle, these elements are advantageously dimensioned so that the device can be mounted in place of a vehicle wheel, in particular a rear wheel, so that it is then centered on the axle. of the corresponding axle, and that in this position remaining fixed, the caster bears on the ground when the vehicle is balanced on its other wheels.
Le fonctionnement de ce dispositif dans le sens de la simulation d'un dérapage à faible vitesse se comprend aisément par le fait que la roulette, de préférence en position largement excentrée, présente une dimension faible en regard de celle des roues normales, avec les pneus qui les équipent, et que son appui au sol offre une adhérence bien moindre que celle de ces pneus. La conduite à très faible vitesse est néanmoins possible grâce à l'angle de chasse que procure l'orientation en biais de la fourche portant la roulette, en pivotant librement sur son support pour s'orienter soit longitudinalement parallèlement au véhicule en ligne droite, soit latéralement en fonction de la direction de déplacement du véhicule dans les tournants.The operation of this device in the direction of simulating a skid at low speed is easily understood by the fact that the caster, preferably in a largely eccentric position, has a small dimension compared to that of normal wheels, with the tires. that equip them, and that its support on the ground offers a grip much less than that of these tires. Driving at very low speed is nevertheless possible thanks to the hunting angle provided by the biased orientation of the fork carrying the caster, by freely pivoting on its support to orient itself either longitudinally parallel to the vehicle in a straight line, or laterally as a function of the direction of movement of the vehicle in the turns.
En tant qu'objectif complémentaire, l'invention vise en outre à permettre, par une variation de cet angle de chasse, de régler la vitesse de déplacement du véhicule pour laquelle le dispositif simulera le dérapage.As a complementary objective, the invention aims in in addition to allowing, by a variation of this hunting angle, to regulate the speed of movement of the vehicle for which the device will simulate the skid.
A cette fin, le dispositif selon l'invention comporte avantageusement des moyens de réglage de l'angle de chasse par variation de ladite orientation en biais de la fourche portant la roulette, éventuellement directement par rapport au rayon défini par la position fixe de la béquille support. Mais de préférence, ces moyens de réglage de l'angle de chasse sont conçus pour fonctionner par action sur l'orientation dudit rayon par rapport à la verticale. Il peut s'agir notamment dé lumières allongées circulairement qui permettent lé passage de boulons classiques permettant de visser la béquille support sur un tambour de roue, dans une orientation qui peut ainsi varier autour de la position fixe définie ci-dessus. Conformément à un mode de réalisation préféré du dispositif de l'invention, celui-ci comporte en outre un boîtier de protection montable dans ladite position fixe sur un tambour de roue centré sur l'axe. La béquille peut alors être également montable sur le même tambour, par-dessus un fond du boîtier qui comporte des orifices de passage des boulons classiques. L'action de ces boulons, qui font partie des moyens de montage de la béquille, peut avantageusement être complétée par des organes faisant obstacle à une rotation intempestive du tambour, notamment par une patte fixée à l'arrière du boîtier, prévue pour venir en butée sur un élément non rotatif du véhicule, tel qu'un élément de la suspension, ceci au moins dans le sens de la marche avant.To this end, the device according to the invention advantageously comprises means for adjusting the hunting angle by varying said orientation at an angle of the fork carrying the caster, possibly directly relative to the radius defined by the fixed position of the stand. support. But preferably, these means for adjusting the hunting angle are designed to operate by acting on the orientation of said radius relative to the vertical. These may in particular be circularly elongated lights which allow the passage of conventional bolts making it possible to screw the support stand on a wheel drum, in an orientation which can thus vary around the fixed position defined above. According to a preferred embodiment of the device of the invention, it further comprises a protective housing mountable in said fixed position on a wheel drum centered on the axis. The stand can then also be mounted on the same drum, over a bottom of the housing which has holes for the passage of conventional bolts. The action of these bolts, which are part of the mounting means of the stand, can advantageously be supplemented by members preventing an untimely rotation of the drum, in particular by a lug fixed to the rear of the housing, intended to come in stop on a non-rotating element of the vehicle, such as a suspension element, this at least in the forward direction.
Selon une autre caractéristique secondaire de l'invention, le boîtier est conformé pour envelopper la béquille et présenter extérieurement un encombrement analogue à celui d'une roue, ainsi éventuellement qu'une apparence analogue à celle d'une telle roue munie de son pneu. Ce même boîtier est avantageusement ouvert au-dessus de la roulette pour permettre le libre pivotement de celle-ci avec la fourche qui la porte. Il peut comporter, au niveau de la roulette, une jupe souple propre à cacher cet équipement à la vue et à jouer le rôle d'un balai évitant les éclaboussures.According to another secondary characteristic of the invention, the housing is shaped to wrap the stand and externally present a space similar to that of a wheel, as well as possibly an appearance similar to that of such a wheel provided with its tire. This same housing is advantageously open above the caster to allow free pivoting of the latter with the fork which carries it. It may include, at the level of the caster, a flexible skirt capable of hiding this equipment from view and of playing the role of a broom avoiding splashing.
Selon encore d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention, la béquille comporte un flasque de liaison avec le tambour de roue devant celui-ci et des équerres de renfort latérales se plaçant de part et d'autre du tambour, l'ensemble étant complété par une plaque support perpendiculaire qui passe sous le tambour et supporte le pivot en cet endroit, dans une position à l'intérieur du polygone de sustentation du véhicule. On décrirera maintenant plus en détails une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention qui en fera mieux comprendre les caractéristiques essentielles et les avantages, étant entendu toutefois que cette forme de réalisation est choisie à titre d'exemple et qu'elle n'est nullement limitative. Sa description est illustrée p≈r les dessins annexés dans lesquels :According to yet other characteristics of the invention, the stand comprises a connecting flange with the wheel drum in front of the latter and lateral reinforcement brackets placed on either side and on the other side of the drum, the assembly being completed by a perpendicular support plate which passes under the drum and supports the pivot at this location, in a position inside the support polygon of the vehicle. We will now describe in more detail a particular embodiment of the invention which will make it easier to understand its essential characteristics and advantages, it being understood however that this embodiment is chosen by way of example and that it is in no way limiting. Its description is illustrated by the appended drawings in which:
- la figure 1 représente en coupe verticale un simulateur de dérapage selon l'invention, monté sur un tambour de roue;- Figure 1 shows in vertical section a skid simulator according to the invention, mounted on a wheel drum;
- la figure 2 représente le même dispositif vu en coupe transversale par la droite de la figure 1; - la figure 3 représente seulement la béquille du simulateur de dérapage, vue en perspective;- Figure 2 shows the same device seen in cross section from the right of Figure 1; - Figure 3 shows only the stand of the skid simulator, perspective view;
- et la figure 4 montre un détail du montage de la fourche portant la roulette sur cette béquille.- And Figure 4 shows a detail of the mounting of the fork carrying the caster on this stand.
Conformément à l'invention, dans son mode de réalisation particulier considéré ici, le simulateur de dérapage est monté sur un tambour de roue 2, en bout d'un essieu 3 qui définit l'axe du dispositif. Il comporte un boîtier 4 qui enveloppe une béquille 5, laquelle supporte dans sa partie inférieure une roulette 6 placée à l'extérieur du boîtier proprement dit, légèrement sous le tambour 2. Le boîtier 4 comme la béquille 5 sont montés centrés sur l'axe du tambour de roue, où la béquille est liée au boîtier par une collerette de sertissage 10 formée par un fond 7 du boîtier, se plaçant directement devant le tambour 2.According to the invention, in its particular embodiment considered here, the skid simulator is mounted on a wheel drum 2, at the end of an axle 3 which defines the axis of the device. It comprises a housing 4 which envelops a crutch 5, which supports in its lower part a caster 6 placed outside the housing proper, slightly under the drum 2. The housing 4 like the crutch 5 are mounted centered on the axis of the wheel drum, where the stand is linked to the housing by a crimping flange 10 formed by a bottom 7 of the housing, placed directly in front of the drum 2.
On voit également sur la figure 1 que le fond 7 du boîtier, conformé pour contourner le tambour 2 tout autour, porte dans sa partie supérieure deux pattes 8 et 9. Celles-ci sont prévues pour venir en butée sur des éléments de la suspjension du train de roues sur lequel le simulateur est monté, l'une lorsque le véhicule roule en marche avant, l'autre lorsqu'il roule en marche arrière. Elles forment ainsi obstacle à tout effet de rotation du tambour qui entraînerait le simulateur de dérajpage. On voit d'autre part que le boîtier 4 comporte sur sa face avant 11 un couvercle amovible 12. Celui-ci ferme une ouverture 13, de contour carré dans le cas particulier décrit, qui permet d'accéder facilement à tout le système de montage du simulateur de dérapage sur le tambour de roue. Lors de la fermeture du boîtier, le couvercle 12 s'engage par des pattes 14 sous un rebord 15 formé sur la face avant du boîtier autour de l'ouverture 13 et il est fixé dans cette position par un verrou de blocage 16.We also see in Figure 1 that the bottom 7 of the housing, shaped to bypass the drum 2 all around, has in its upper part two legs 8 and 9. These are provided to come into abutment on elements of the suspension of the wheel set on which the simulator is mounted, one when the vehicle is traveling in forward, the other when it is traveling in reverse. They thus form an obstacle to any effect of rotation of the drum which would cause the unraveling simulator. It is further seen that the housing 4 has on its front face 11 a removable cover 12. This closes an opening 13, of square outline in the particular case described, which allows access easily to the entire system of mounting the skid simulator on the wheel drum. When the housing is closed, the cover 12 engages by lugs 14 under a flange 15 formed on the front face of the housing around the opening 13 and it is fixed in this position by a locking bolt 16.
La forme de la béquille 5 ressort de l'ensemble des figures 1, 2, 3 et la conception du montage de la roulette 6 des figures 1, 2 et 4.The shape of the stand 5 emerges from all of Figures 1, 2, 3 and the design of the mounting of the caster 6 of Figures 1, 2 and 4.
On y voit que la béquille 5 comporte un flasque plan 18, qui lorsque la béquille est en position montée sur le tambour de roue 2, se place verticalement devant celui-ci, dont il est simplement séparé par le fond du boîtier 4. Par ce flasque 18, engagé dans la collerette du boîtier par un orifice 28 qu'il comporte à cet effet, la béquille est montée centrée sur l'axe de l'essieu 3. De chaque côté de la béquille, de part et d'autre du tambour, la béquille 5 est renforcée par des équerres, les unes 21,22 vers l'arrière du dispositif (vers l'intérieur du véhicule), les autres 23,24 vers l'avant. Elles joignent le flasque 18 à une plaque perpendiculaire 25, horizontale dans la position représentée. La plaque 25 forme la partie support sur laquelle est montée une fourche 26 qui porte la roulette 6 par un pivot 27. Sur la fourche 26, ce pivot se trouve à l'extrémité supérieure sur une platine reliant les deux branches de la fourche, alors que la roulette est montée rotative sur son axe entre les deux branches de la fourche à son extrémité inférieure. Ibujours dans la position représentée, le pivot 27 a son axe orienté verticalement, sur le rayon de la béquille tracé virtuellement entre lui et le centre du flasque 18, donc l'axe de l'essieu. Par ailleurs, la fourche 26 est orientée en biais par rapport à ce rayon vertical. Quand elle pivote, elle décrit donc vin cône centré sur ce rayon.We see that the stand 5 has a flat flange 18, which when the stand is in the mounted position on the wheel drum 2, is placed vertically in front of it, from which it is simply separated by the bottom of the housing 4. By this flange 18, engaged in the collar of the housing by an orifice 28 which it includes for this purpose, the stand is mounted centered on the axis of the axle 3. On each side of the stand, on either side of the drum, the stand 5 is reinforced by brackets, some 21.22 towards the rear of the device (towards the interior of the vehicle), others 23.24 towards the front. They join the flange 18 to a perpendicular plate 25, horizontal in the position shown. The plate 25 forms the support part on which is mounted a fork 26 which carries the caster 6 by a pivot 27. On the fork 26, this pivot is located at the upper end on a plate connecting the two branches of the fork, then that the caster is rotatably mounted on its axis between the two branches of the fork at its lower end. Always in the position shown, the pivot 27 has its axis oriented vertically, on the radius of the stand virtually drawn between it and the center of the flange 18, therefore the axis of the axle. Furthermore, the fork 26 is oriented at an angle relative to this vertical radius. When it rotates, it therefore describes wine cone centered on this radius.
Plus particulièrement sur la figure 2, on voit que le flasque 18 a une forme carrée et que le boîtier 4 qui enveloppe la béquille a une forme circulaire, tronquée toutefois à sa partie inférieure au niveau de la roulette 6. En fait, la forme de ce boîtier jusqu'à son contour extérieur 31 occupe un encombrement correspondant sensiblement à celui d'une roue normale du véhicule équipée de son pneu.More particularly in FIG. 2, it can be seen that the flange 18 has a square shape and that the housing 4 which envelops the stand has a circular shape, however truncated at its lower part at the level of the roller 6. In fact, the shape of this housing up to its outer contour 31 occupies a space corresponding substantially to that of a normal vehicle wheel fitted with its tire.
Le boîtier 4 est fermé par une paroi transversale reliant le fond et la face avant sur tout son contour circulaire, tandis qu'il est ouvert à sa partie inférieure, tronquée pour livrer passage à la roulette 6 dans toutes les positions qu'elle prend en cours du pivotement de la fourche 26. A ce niveau, autour de l'ouverture correspondante du boîtier, celui-ci est protégé vers le bas par une jupe 32 en matériau souple, qui constitue à la fois un cache-vue pour la roulette et sa fourche et vin balai anti-boue quand le simulateur de dérapage est en fonctionnement, la roulette 6 portant sur le sol.The housing 4 is closed by a transverse wall connecting the bottom and front face over its entire circular outline, while it is open at its lower part, truncated to allow passage to the caster 6 in all the positions it takes during the pivoting of the fork 26. At this level , around the corresponding opening of the casing, it is protected downwards by a skirt 32 of flexible material, which constitutes both a concealment for the caster and its fork and wine mop anti-mud when the simulator skid is in operation, the caster 6 bearing on the ground.
Pendant le fonctionnement, l'écarte ent de la roulette par rapport à l'axe d'essieu que procure l'orientation en biais de la fourche 26 définit l'angle de chasse qui détermine la vitesse à laquelle le véhicule ainsi équipé tend à déraper. Cet angle de chasse est réglable par le mode de montage du simulateur de dérapage sur le tambour de roue 2, suivant que le rayon du pivot 27 est plus ou moins incliné dans un sens ou dans l'autre par rapport à la direction véritablement verticale.During operation, the distance between the caster and the axle axis provided by the biased orientation of the fork 26 defines the caster angle which determines the speed at which the vehicle thus equipped tends to slip. . This hunting angle is adjustable by the method of mounting the skid simulator on the wheel drum 2, depending on whether the radius of the pivot 27 is more or less inclined in one direction or the other relative to the truly vertical direction.
A cet effet, quatre lumières 34, chacune allongée en arc de cercle, sont ménagées à travers le flasque 18 en correspondance avec des orifices 35 du fond du boîtier 4, qui correspondent eux-mêmes à des trous taraudés du tambour de roue qui servent de manière classique à fixer la roue par des boulons non représentés. Pour fixer le simulateur de dérapage les boulons sont vissés à travers les lumières 34 et les trous 35. Leur serrage bloque le flasque 18 contre le fond du boîtier dans l'une quelconque des positions autorisées par les lumières. La figure 2 montre que le flasque 18 comporte une lumière supplémentaire 36, dans laquelle se déplace alors vin téton 37 dépassant du boîtier. La position du téton 37 dans la lumière 36 permet de repérer aisément dans quelle position se trouve la béquille par rapport à la position de référence où le pivot 27 est à la verticale de l'axe d'essieu.For this purpose, four slots 34, each elongated in an arc, are formed through the flange 18 in correspondence with orifices 35 in the bottom of the housing 4, which themselves correspond to tapped holes in the wheel drum which serve as conventional way of fixing the wheel by bolts not shown. To fix the skid simulator, the bolts are screwed through the lights 34 and the holes 35. Their tightening blocks the flange 18 against the bottom of the housing in any of the positions authorized by the lights. Figure 2 shows that the flange 18 has an additional light 36, in which then moves the pin 37 protruding from the housing. The position of the stud 37 in the slot 36 makes it easy to identify in what position the crutch is located relative to the reference position where the pivot 27 is vertical to the axle axis.
Naturellement, l'invention n'est en rien limitée par les particularités qui ont été spécifiées dans ce qui précède ou par les détails du mode de réalisation particulier choisi pour illustrer l'invention. Toutes sortes de variantes peuven être apportées à la réalisation particulière qui a été décrite à titre d'exemple et à ses éléments constitutifs sans sortir pour autant du cadre de l'invention. Cette dernière englobe ainsi tous les moyens constituant des équivalents techniques des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons. Naturally, the invention is in no way limited by the features which have been specified in the foregoing or by the details of the particular embodiment chosen to illustrate the invention. All kinds of variants can be made to the particular embodiment which has been described by way of example and to its constituent elements without thereby departing from the scope of the invention. The latter thus includes all the means constituting technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif simulateur de dérapage, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte essentiellement une béquille (5) munie de moyens de montage en au moins une position fixe centrée sur l'axe d'une roue de véhicule, et une roulette (6) montée rotative à une extrémité d'une fourche (26) elle-même montée par un pivot (27) en son autre extrémité librement pivotante autour d'un rayon dudit support, ladite fourche (26) étant orientée en biais par rapport audit rayon.1. Skid simulator device, characterized in that it essentially comprises a stand (5) provided with mounting means in at least one fixed position centered on the axis of a vehicle wheel, and a mounted caster (6) rotatable at one end of a fork (26) itself mounted by a pivot (27) at its other freely pivotable end around a radius of said support, said fork (26) being oriented at an angle to said radius.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que dans ladite position fixe du support, ledit rayon se trouve dans une position verticale et ladite roulette (6) parvient à un même niveau horizontal qu'une roue normale dudit véhicule à la place de laquelle le dispositif est monté.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that in said fixed position of the support, said spoke is in a vertical position and said caster (6) reaches the same horizontal level as a normal wheel of said vehicle in place of which the device is mounted.
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de réglage d'un angle de chasse par variation de ladite orientation en biais de la fourche (26) portant la roulette (6).3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises means for adjusting a hunting angle by varying said orientation through the fork (26) carrying the roller (6).
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens de réglage d'un angle de chasse par action sur l'orientation dudit rayon par rapport à la verticale. 4. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises means for adjusting a hunting angle by action on the orientation of said radius relative to the vertical.
5. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à5. Device according to any one of claims 1 to
4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un boîtier de protection (4) montable dans ladite position fixe sur un tambour de roue (2) centré sur ledit axe.4, characterized in that it comprises a protective housing (4) mountable in said fixed position on a wheel drum (2) centered on said axis.
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que ladite béquille (5) est également montable sur ledit tambour (2) à travers des orifices (35) d'un fond (7) dudit boîtier (4) par des boulons classiques que comportent lesdits moyens de montage.6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that said stand (5) is also mountable on said drum (2) through orifices (35) in a bottom (7) of said housing (4) by conventional bolts that include said mounting means.
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit boîtier (4) forme autour de ladite béquille (5) une enveloppe présentant extérieurement un encombrement et éventuellement une apparence analogues à une roue.7. Device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that said housing (4) forms around said stand (5) an envelope having externally a bulk and possibly an appearance similar to a wheel.
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que ledit boîtier (4) est ouvert au-dessus de ladite roulette (6) pour permettre le libre pivotement de la fourche (26) et en ce qu'il comporte une jupe souple (32) formant cache-vue et/ou balai anti-boue au niveau de ladite roulette (6).8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that said housing (4) is open above said roller (6) to allow free pivoting of the fork (26) and in that it comprises a flexible skirt (32) forming a view cover and / or anti-mud brush at the level of said roller (6).
9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 à9. Device according to any one of claims 5 to
8, caractérisé en ce que ledit boîtier (4) comporte un couvercle amovible (12) d'accès auxdits moyens de montage.8, characterized in that said housing (4) comprises a removable cover (12) for access to said mounting means.
10. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 110. Device according to any one of claims 1
9, caractérisé en ce que ladite béquille (5) comporte un flasque de liaison (18) avec un tambour de roue (2) par des boulons classiques que comportent lesdits moyens de montage, des équerres de renfort latérales (21,22,23,24) se plaçant de part et d'autre dudit tambour (2) et une plaque support (25) perpendiculaire pour supporter ledit pivot (27) sensiblement sous ledit tambour (2).9, characterized in that said stand (5) comprises a connecting flange (18) with a wheel drum (2) by conventional bolts which comprise said mounting means, lateral reinforcement brackets (21,22,23, 24) being placed on either side of said drum (2) and a perpendicular support plate (25) for supporting said pivot (27) substantially under said drum (2).
11. Dispositif selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que ledit flasque (18) présente des lumières de passage (34) desdits boulons permettant de varier son orientation autour de ladite position fixe.11. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that said flange (18) has passage openings (34) of said bolts making it possible to vary its orientation around said fixed position.
12. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de montage comportent en outre une patte de butée (8,9) sur un élément non rotatif du véhicule, au moins dans le sens de la marche avant. 12. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that said mounting means further comprise a stop tab (8,9) on a non-rotating element of the vehicle, at least in the direction of travel before.
EP19880907334 1987-08-18 1988-08-17 Skid simulator for motor vehicles Withdrawn EP0383774A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8711673A FR2619649B1 (en) 1987-08-18 1987-08-18 SLIDING SIMULATOR DEVICE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE
FR8711673 1987-08-18

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EP0383774A1 true EP0383774A1 (en) 1990-08-29

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EP19880907334 Withdrawn EP0383774A1 (en) 1987-08-18 1988-08-17 Skid simulator for motor vehicles

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EP (1) EP0383774A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2011847A6 (en)
FR (1) FR2619649B1 (en)
GR (1) GR880100531A (en)
WO (1) WO1989001678A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2642876A1 (en) * 1989-02-09 1990-08-10 Serre Chevalier Competitions S Device for simulating front-wheel-drive motor vehicle driving conditions on a slippery surface
FR2680593B1 (en) * 1991-08-22 1994-06-24 Gerber Gaston DEVICE FOR SIMULATING SKIDDINGS WITH A FRONT-WHEEL DRIVE VEHICLE.
DE19928375A1 (en) * 1999-06-21 2000-12-28 Willy Stein Device to reduce sidewards forces on vehicles, for driving training; has holder device for hinged castor fixed to wheel suspension flange of non-driven wheel hub with bracket as rotation limiter
FR2870032B1 (en) 2004-05-05 2006-07-14 Benoit Gaboriau ADHESION LOSS SIMULATION DEVICE FOR MOTOR VEHICLE
FI117623B (en) * 2004-11-03 2006-12-29 Purtechnic Finland Oy vehicle Tires
DE102008046696B4 (en) * 2008-09-10 2012-03-01 Safemaster Gmbh Device for driving exercises

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH438806A (en) * 1965-07-30 1967-06-30 Davelaar E J Automobile for learner drivers
FR1603988A (en) * 1968-12-06 1971-06-21
US4449727A (en) * 1982-08-30 1984-05-22 Bertil Roos Skid control car

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO8901678A1 *

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FR2619649B1 (en) 1990-01-12
WO1989001678A1 (en) 1989-02-23
GR880100531A (en) 1989-05-25
FR2619649A1 (en) 1989-02-24
ES2011847A6 (en) 1990-02-16

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