EP0382359B1 - Method for making a mineral-insulated cable - Google Patents
Method for making a mineral-insulated cable Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0382359B1 EP0382359B1 EP90300604A EP90300604A EP0382359B1 EP 0382359 B1 EP0382359 B1 EP 0382359B1 EP 90300604 A EP90300604 A EP 90300604A EP 90300604 A EP90300604 A EP 90300604A EP 0382359 B1 EP0382359 B1 EP 0382359B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blocks
- tape
- preformed
- conductor
- mineral
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/004—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for manufacturing rigid-tube cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
- H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
- H05B3/52—Apparatus or processes for filling or compressing insulating material in tubes
Definitions
- a mineral insulated cable made by a method according to the first aspect of the invention.
- the lower block 55 in Figure 13 is similar to the block 45 shown in Figure 9 but has a centre limb of reduced height for co-operating with a preformed upper block 46 to close the conductors within ducts 57.
- the continuous process for producing mineral insulated cable can operate at great speed and the length of cable produced is limited only by mechanical handling and inspection considerations.
- the preformed blocks 60 and 65 provide excellent geometrical stability which allows the insulating properties of the cable to the maximised.
- the absence of any abrasive steps in the process prevents the ingress of copper particles or slivers or other material into the mineral insulant so that the insulating properties are not compromised.
- the copper conductors suffer little or no surface damage and their cross sections do not therefore have to be over-specified in order to ensure adequate electrical conductivity in the finished cable.
- "hot-spots" causing high potential gradients are not created by the process so that the insulating properties are not compromised.
- an insulating layer around the blocks further improves the insulating properties of the cable, but has additional advantages. For instance, if the production process has to be stopped and then restarted, the layer prevents the ingress of moisture into the blocks which might impair the insulation performance and might cause problems during subsequent production steps. For instance, during heat treatment such as annealing, any moisture trapped within the blocks could generate steam and, in severe cases, could rupture the outer metal tube or cause substantial distortion. The provision of the layer of insulating tape avoids this.
- the conductor-to-conductor spacing may be made greater than the conductor-to-sheath spacing and this provides a cable with better insulating properties than one in which the spacings are the same or, alternatively, allows the diameter of the cable to be reduced.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Cable Installation (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Processes Specially Adapted For Manufacturing Cables (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a method of making a mineral insulated cable and to a mineral insulated cable made by such a method.
- Mineral insulated cable comprises an outer metal tubular sheath, usually made of copper, containing one or more conductors embedded in an insulating mineral, usually magnesium oxide. Mineral insulated cable is used in applications where the cable has to withstand high temperatures or fires, for instance in emergency lighting systems and fire alarm systems. Such cables have conventionally been made by either a batch process or a continuous process.
- In a known batch process, preformed blocks of mineral insulant having through-holes are inserted into a metal tube which will form the outer sheath in the finished cable. The holes in the blocks are aligned and conductor rods are inserted through the aligned holes. This arrangement forms a blank which is then further processed, for instance by repeated drawing or rolling and annealing to reduce the cross section and provide a finished cable. In alternative batch processes, the conductors are embedded in mineral insulant in powder form, the metal tube being arranged vertically and the powder being inserted from above. A ram may be used to compact the powder within the tube.
- By their very nature, such batch processes are capable of producing cables of limited maximum length. Also, these processes have a relatively low rate of production, and the finished cable made by such processes is relatively expensive.
- A known continuous process is illustrated in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings, which illustrates manufacture of a mineral insulated cable having two conductor cores.
- The conductors are made from a pair of
copper rods 1 which are supplied continuously through bores in aspacer block 2. Copper strip 3 for forming the cable outer sheath is likewise continuously supplied to a tube forming mill illustrated diagrammatically by a pair ofrollers 4 and 5. Powdered magnesium oxide 6 is fed under gravity from ahopper 7 through a tube 8 so as to fill the outer sheath. Awelding station 9 welds the tube seam in the immediate vicinity of therollers 4 and 5 so as to form a completed blank 10. The completed blank 10 is continuously fed to a plurality ofrolling stages 11 and annealingstages 12, only one of each being shown in Figure 1. - In practice, the continuous process illustrated in Figure 1 has to be performed vertically, at least up to the first rolling
stage 11. This requires a considerable vertical space. - DE-A-3137956 discloses a cable comprising preformed insulation blocks of ceramic or quartz having peripheral grooves in which conductors are laid. An insulating layer is formed around the blocks and is enclosed in a metal tube.
- According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of making mineral insulated cable, comprising supplying preformed blocks of mineral insulant having end faces and at least one groove, disposing the blocks such that adjacent end faces abut against each other the at least one grooves are aligned with each other, laying at least one conductor in the or each groove, forming a metal tube around the blocks, and performing at least one step of cross-section reduction.
- Preferably, the preformed blocks are supplied continuously and the or each conductor is continuously laid in the or each groove. Although the method according to the first aspect of the invention can be used with advantage in various processes, such as the batch process described hereinbefore, it is particularly advantageous when used in a continuous process.
- Preferably, the or each cross-section reduction step is followed by an annealing step.
- The preformed blocks may be supplied as sets of blocks having opposing faces provided with corresponding grooves, the blocks of each set being brought together such that the corresponding grooves form at least one duct containing a respective conductor. For instance, the sets may comprise pairs of blocks, each of which is hemi-cylindrical and has at least one longitudinally extending groove in a flat surface.
- In an alternative arrangement, the blocks may be formed as substantially cylindrical blocks with at least one longitudinally extending peripheral groove for receiving a respective conductor. After the or each conductor has been laid in the respective groove, mineral insulant in the form of blocks or powder may be introduced into the or each groove so that the or each conductor becomes embedded. Alternatively, a subsequent cross section reduction step may be sufficient to close the mineral insulant around the or each conductor.
- The blocks may be held in place around the or each conductor, prior to forming the metal tube, by a plurality of rollers. Alternatively, the blocks may be held in place by winding an elongate material therearound. For instance, the elongate material may be a thread, such as a glass fibre thread, wound helically around the blocks. The elongate material may alternatively be an electrically insulating tape, preferably self-adhesive, wound so as to cover or partially cover the blocks. Electrically insulating tape may alternatively be applied longitudinally around the blocks and formed into a tube. The tape may, for instance, be a silicone rubber which can have the advantage of being self-amalgamating. However, other types of tape may be used, such as mica tape or polytetrafluoroethylene tape.
- The use of electrically insulating tape to surround the blocks has advantages in addition to holding the blocks in place. The insulating properties of the finished cable between the or each conductor and earth are improved. When a continuous production process has to be interrupted, the ingress of moisture into the blocks is reduced or eliminated and this avoids possible problems caused by degrading of the insulation, expansion of the blocks, and production of steam within the cable during subsequent heat treatment, such as annealing.
- According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a mineral insulated cable made by a method according to the first aspect of the invention.
- It is thus possible to provide a method which can be performed horizontally or in any convenient arrangement, thus reducing the cost of manufacturing plant. The conductors are held accurately in place without the need for any guidance, which reduces or eliminates the possibility of metal particles or slivers being produced during guidance of the conductor or conductors and entering the insulant. It is not necessary to use fused magnesium oxide, and hence damage to the conductor surface is reduced or eliminated. Thus, it is not necessary to use over-sized conductors in order to achieve a desired current rating. The density of the mineral insulant can easily be varied in order to obtain mineral insulated cable with desired properties. A much higher rate of production can be achieved compared with any known process for making mineral insulated cables. Thus, the cost of the cable can be reduced and a cable with better defined geometry and properties can be made.
- The invention will be further described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
- Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating a known continuous process for manufacturing mineral insulated cable, as hereinbefore described;
- Figure 2 is a diagram illustrating a method of and apparatus for making mineral insulated cable constituting a first preferred embodiment of the present invention;
- Figure 3 is a cross sectional view of a preformed block of mineral insulant for use in the method illustrated in Figure 2;
- Figure 4 is a cross sectional view of parts of a mineral insulated cable before tube forming to form an outer sheath;
- Figure 5 is a cross sectional view of a finished mineral insulated cable constituting a preferred embodiment of the invention;
- Figures 6 to 13 are cross sectional views of different shapes of preformed blocks which may be used in preferred methods;
- Figure 14 is a diagram illustrating a method of and apparatus for making mineral insulated cable constituting a second preferred embodiment of the present invention; and
- Figures 15 to 19 are cross-sectional views on lines I-I to V-V, respectively, of Figure 14.
- The method and apparatus illustrated diagrammatically in Figure 2 show all the steps required to make preformed blocks and finished mineral insulated cable. In the first step 21, a mineral insulating powder, such as magnesium oxide, is mixed and supplied to a powder granulating step 22. The granules of insulant are supplied to a
tablet making step 23 which forms the mineral into the desired shape of the preformed blocks. These blocks are then supplied to aheat treatment step 24 which ensures that the blocks have a sufficiently stable form for the subsequent steps. - The
preformed blocks 25 have the shape shown in Figure 3 i.e. substantially hemi-cylindrical with a diameter of approximately 1˝ (approximately 2.5. centimetres) and a length of approximately 8˝ (approximately 20 centimetres). The flat surface of the block has two longitudinally extendinggrooves 26 which are also hemi-cylindrical in shape with a diameter of approximately 1/5˝ (approximately 5 millimetres). - The
preformed blocks 25 are automatically supplied in facing pairs at 27 and 28 so as to entrain therebetween twocopper conductors 29 supplied in the form of continuous rods. Theopposing grooves 26 of the pairs ofblocks 25 form continuous ducts containing theconductors 29. - The
blocks 25 and theconductors 29, together with acontinuous strip 30 of copper, are supplied to a tube-formingmill 31 in which thestrip 30 is formed into a tube around the blocks. The resulting seam is welded at 32 to form a continuous blank which is then supplied to a plurality of further processing steps. Figure 3 shows, purely by way of example, three rollingsteps 33 to 35, each of which is followed by arespective annealing step 36 to 38, the final annealing step 38 being followed by a coilingstep 39 for the finished mineral insulated cable. - Figure 4 illustrates the partly formed blank as supplied to the forming
mill 31, whereas Figure 5 illustrates the finished blank after thewelding step 32. In fact, the rolling and annealingsteps 33 to 38 do not alter the form, so that Figure 5 also illustrates the finished mineral insulated cable, having a weld seam at 40. - Figure 6 illustrates the pairs of
blocks 25, showing the cylindrical ducts 41 provided by theopposed grooves 26. Figure 7 illustrates twoblocks 42 which have grooves arranged to provide asingle duct 43 for a single core cable. The step of laying the conductors in the grooves of the blocks may be performed in any suitable way. For instance, as described above, theblocks 25 are brought together around the continuously fedconductors 29. However, in an alternative configuration, the lower blocks of the pairs are supplied so as to define two continuous grooves with the conductors being laid in the grooves from above. The upper blocks may then be placed on top so as to complete the laying in of the conductors. - Figures 8 and 9 illustrate two alternative forms of
blocks blocks 44 shown in Figure 8 are continuously supplied so as to define two continuous diametricallyopposite grooves 46. Theblocks 45 in Figure 9 differ in that thegrooves 47 are side-by-side and extend downwardly. The conductors are laid into thegrooves 46 from the side whereas the conductors are laid into thegrooves 47 from above. In order that the conductors be embedded within the mineral insulant, it may be sufficient merely to perform the rolling operations so that the mineral insulant closes around the conductors. However, it is also possible to fill thegrooves blocks 46 shown in Figure 9. - Figure 10 shows a set of four
identical blocks 48, each of which is generally quarter-cylindrical in shape with grooves extending longitudinally along the two flat surfaces of each block. When placed together as shown in Figure 10, theblocks 48 define fourducts 49 for receiving conductors in order to provide a four core cable. Theblocks 50 shown in Figure 11 differ in that each is generally third-cylindrical in shape, these blocks being used to provide a three core cable. - Figures 12 and 13 illustrate two possible forms of dissimilar pairs of blocks. The
blocks blocks 25 in Figure 6 in that theblock 51 has alongitudinal tongue 53 which extends betweenducts 54 into a correspondingly shaped groove in theblock 52. Figure 12 shows theblock 51 disposed above theblock 52, but the reverse arrangement is possible and may have advantages in that thetongue 53 assists in correctly locating the conductors during laying in. - The
lower block 55 in Figure 13 is similar to theblock 45 shown in Figure 9 but has a centre limb of reduced height for co-operating with a preformedupper block 46 to close the conductors withinducts 57. - Figure 14 illustrates another process for continuously forming mineral insulated cable. Preformed blocks 60 of mineral insulant, such as magnesium oxide, are continuously supplied in the direction of production, indicated by
arrow 61, so as to form a column. As shown in Figure 15, theblocks 60 are substantially identical to theblocks 25 shown in Figure 6 and are arranged in the column with theirgrooves 62 aligned and facing upwardly. - As the blocks move along the production line,
copper conductors 63 are supplied fromreels 64 or the like and are laid into thegrooves 62 as illustrated in Figure 16. Further insulatingblocks 65 are continuously supplied from above and are positioned on top of theblocks 60 so as to enclose fully theconductors 63, as shown in Figure 17. - The
blocks conductors 63 are next covered with a layer of insulation in the form of an insulatingtape 66 supplied from a reel 67 or the like. - As the
blocks conductors 63 move in the direction of production, the reel 67 is rotated around the axis of the cable and supplies thetape 66 so as to form a continuous layer around theblocks tape 66 is electrically insulating and preferably self-adhesive so as to adhere to the outer curved surfaces of theblocks tape 66 may be a silicone rubber provided on one surface with an adhesive. Although Figure 18 indicates that the edges of the adjacent turns of the tape abut against each other, the pitch of the tape may be such that the edges overlap in order to ensure complete enclosure of theblocks blocks blocks - Various other types of tape may be used, such as polytetrafluoroethylene and mica tape. In general, the
tape 66 is required to have electrical insulating properties and must withstand subsequent heat treatment of the mineral insulated cable. Also, the insulating material of the tape should not break down in an undesirable way at the high temperatures at which the cable is required to be able to operate, for instance as a fire-proof cable. It is preferable for the material of the tape not to contain carbon, as this could impair the insulating properties of the cable when subjected to elevated temperatures. It is also generally preferable that the material of the tape should not break down and produce substantial quantities of gas, which could cause the cable to rupture when subjected to elevated temperatures. Where the tape is provided with an adhesive, the adhesive should preferably have similar properties so as not to compromise the performance of the cable. - Although a winding arrangement has been shown for helically winding the
tape 66 around theblocks blocks - In cases where improved insulation provided by the layer of
tape 66 is not necessary, a thread may be wound helically around theblocks conductors 63 for subsequent production steps. For instance, a fibre glass thread may be used for this purpose and will not impair the insulating properties of the cable. Alternatively, theblocks blocks 65, may be held in position by means of rollers. - The next step in the production process comprises the forming of a metal tube around the layer of
tape 66. Figure 14 shows acopper strip 68 of sufficient width being supplied continuously from a reel 69. Thestrip 68 is formed into a tube by a rolling mill (not shown), for instance of the type illustrated in Figure 1, and the edges of the strip are welded together at awelding station 70 so as to form aweld seam 71 as shown in Figure 19. The cable is then supplied to a plurality of rolling or drawing steps alternating with annealing steps so as to reduce the cross section to the final desired size of the mineral insulated cable, after which the cable is stored in a coiling step or the like. - The continuous process for producing mineral insulated cable can operate at great speed and the length of cable produced is limited only by mechanical handling and inspection considerations. The preformed blocks 60 and 65 provide excellent geometrical stability which allows the insulating properties of the cable to the maximised. The absence of any abrasive steps in the process prevents the ingress of copper particles or slivers or other material into the mineral insulant so that the insulating properties are not compromised. Further, the copper conductors suffer little or no surface damage and their cross sections do not therefore have to be over-specified in order to ensure adequate electrical conductivity in the finished cable. Also, "hot-spots" causing high potential gradients are not created by the process so that the insulating properties are not compromised.
- The provision of an insulating layer around the blocks further improves the insulating properties of the cable, but has additional advantages. For instance, if the production process has to be stopped and then restarted, the layer prevents the ingress of moisture into the blocks which might impair the insulation performance and might cause problems during subsequent production steps. For instance, during heat treatment such as annealing, any moisture trapped within the blocks could generate steam and, in severe cases, could rupture the outer metal tube or cause substantial distortion. The provision of the layer of insulating tape avoids this.
- Because the mineral insulant is supplied in the form of preformed blocks, there is little or no loose mineral powder at any stage in the cable production. Thus, there is substantially no contamination at the welding stage of the outer tube. Also, there is little or no loss of insulant material or production of powder dust so that the process is very clean and does not waste raw materials.
- Because of the geometrical stability in cables made by this method, it is possible to alter the conductor-to-conductor spacing compared with each conductor-to-sheath spacing in order to maximise the dielectric performance of the cable. For instance, the conductor-to-conductor spacing may be made greater than the conductor-to-sheath spacing and this provides a cable with better insulating properties than one in which the spacings are the same or, alternatively, allows the diameter of the cable to be reduced.
Claims (17)
- A method of making mineral insulated cable, comprising supplying preformed blocks (25, 60, 65) of mineral insulant having end faces and at least one groove (26, 62), disposing the blocks (25, 60, 65) such that adjacent end faces abut against each other and the at least one grooves (26, 62) are aligned with each other, laying at east one conductor (29, 63) in the or each groove (26, 62), forming a metal tube (30, 68) around the blocks (25, 60, 65), and performing at least one step of cross-section reduction (33, 34, 35).
- A method as claimed in Claim 1, characterized in that the preformed blocks (25, 60, 65) are supplied continuously and the or each conductor (29, 63) is continuously laid in the or each groove (26, 62).
- A method as claimed in Claim 2, characterized in that the metal tube (30, 68) is continuously formed around the blocks (25, 60, 65).
- A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the or each cross-section reduction step alternates with at least one annealing step (36, 37, 38).
- A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the preformed blocks are supplied as sets of blocks (25, 42, 48, 50, 60, 65) having opposing faces provided with corresponding grooves, the blocks of each set being brought together such that the corresponding grooves form at least one duct (41, 43, 49) for receiving a respective conductor (29, 63).
- A method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the preformed blocks are supplied as substantially cylindrical blocks with at least one longitudinally extending peripheral groove for receiving a respective conductor.
- A method as claimed in any one of the proceeding claims, in which an elongate material is wound around the preformed blocks after the or each conductor has been laid therein.
- A method as claimed in Claim 7, characterised in that the elongate material is an electrically insulating material.
- A method as claimed in Claim 8, characterised in that the elongate material is a thread.
- A method as claimed in Claim 9, characterised in that the thread is a glass fibre thread.
- A method as claimed in Claim 8, characterised in that the elongate material is a tape.
- A method as claimed in Claim 11, characterised in that the tape is wound so as to enclose the preformed blocks.
- A method as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that a tape is applied longitudinally of the preformed blocks and is wrapped around the preformed blocks.
- A method as claimed in Claim 13, characterised in that the tape made of an electrically insulating material.
- A method as claimed in any one of claims 11 to 14, characterised in that the tape is a silicone tape.
- A method as claimed in any one of Claims 11 to 15, characterised in that the tape carries an adhesive.
- Mineral insulated cable made by a method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8901911 | 1989-01-28 | ||
GB898901911A GB8901911D0 (en) | 1989-01-28 | 1989-01-28 | Method of and apparatus for making mineral insulated cable and mineral insulated cable made by such or apparatus |
GB898927533A GB8927533D0 (en) | 1989-12-06 | 1989-12-06 | Method of and apparatus for making mineral insulated cable and mineral insulated cable made by such method or apparatus |
GB8927533 | 1989-12-06 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0382359A1 EP0382359A1 (en) | 1990-08-16 |
EP0382359B1 true EP0382359B1 (en) | 1993-03-24 |
Family
ID=26294890
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90300604A Expired - Lifetime EP0382359B1 (en) | 1989-01-28 | 1990-01-22 | Method for making a mineral-insulated cable |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0382359B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH02270226A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE87393T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU615372B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2008682C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69001142T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0382359T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2040554T3 (en) |
HK (1) | HK76993A (en) |
IE (1) | IE62978B1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO900386L (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ232262A (en) |
SG (1) | SG66193G (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10125061C1 (en) * | 2001-05-23 | 2003-02-27 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Production of a metal casing line used for lambda probes arranged in combustion engines comprises using a filler body formed by pressing powder |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0393264A1 (en) * | 1989-04-18 | 1990-10-24 | Inco Alloys Limited | Method for making mineral insulated metal sheathed cables |
GB9010582D0 (en) * | 1990-05-11 | 1990-07-04 | Ass Elect Ind | Manufacture of mineral insulated electric cables |
DE102004048596A1 (en) * | 2004-10-06 | 2006-04-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for producing a metal sheathed cable |
RU2570508C2 (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2015-12-10 | Шелл Интернэшнл Рисерч Маатсхаппий Б.В. | Insulating blocks and methods of their installation in heaters with insulated conductor |
JO3139B1 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2017-09-20 | Shell Int Research | Forming insulated conductors using a final reduction step after heat treating |
CN104733134A (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-06-24 | 沈汉财 | Method for assembling magnesium oxide knob insulators of mineral insulating fireproof cable |
CN107785122B (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-08-13 | 中天合金技术有限公司 | A kind of preparation process of seamless Through ground wire |
CN110853834A (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2020-02-28 | 浙江万马股份有限公司 | Preparation method of prefabricated magnesium oxide knob insulator mineral insulated cable |
CN111383796B (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2021-02-02 | 广州市穗羽电线电缆有限公司 | Novel mineral insulated cable and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE708904C (en) * | 1936-06-06 | 1941-07-31 | Siemens & Halske Akt Ges | Method for attaching spacers to an electrical conductor, in particular for telecommunication cables that are insulated from air space |
DE912949C (en) * | 1944-03-19 | 1954-06-08 | Siemens Ag | Method for applying spacer bodies to the inner conductor of concentric high-frequency lines |
BE474207A (en) * | 1945-09-07 | |||
GB1109403A (en) * | 1966-03-31 | 1968-04-10 | Decca Ltd | Improvements in or relating to position indicators for use in mobile craft |
NL8003259A (en) * | 1979-07-27 | 1981-01-29 | Okazaki Mfg Co Ltd | CABLE ASSEMBLY, METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAME |
US4317003A (en) * | 1980-01-17 | 1982-02-23 | Gray Stanley J | High tensile multiple sheath cable |
DE3137956A1 (en) * | 1981-09-24 | 1983-04-28 | Lothar 5190 Stolberg Hanf | Electrical cable and a method for its production |
-
1990
- 1990-01-22 EP EP90300604A patent/EP0382359B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-22 ES ES199090300604T patent/ES2040554T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-22 DK DK90300604.7T patent/DK0382359T3/en active
- 1990-01-22 AT AT90300604T patent/ATE87393T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-01-22 DE DE9090300604T patent/DE69001142T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-01-25 AU AU48842/90A patent/AU615372B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-01-26 JP JP2017646A patent/JPH02270226A/en active Pending
- 1990-01-26 CA CA002008682A patent/CA2008682C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-26 NO NO90900386A patent/NO900386L/en unknown
- 1990-01-26 NZ NZ232262A patent/NZ232262A/en unknown
- 1990-01-29 IE IE32490A patent/IE62978B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-05-20 SG SG661/93A patent/SG66193G/en unknown
- 1993-07-29 HK HK769/93A patent/HK76993A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10125061C1 (en) * | 2001-05-23 | 2003-02-27 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Production of a metal casing line used for lambda probes arranged in combustion engines comprises using a filler body formed by pressing powder |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU4884290A (en) | 1990-08-02 |
JPH02270226A (en) | 1990-11-05 |
ATE87393T1 (en) | 1993-04-15 |
CA2008682A1 (en) | 1990-07-28 |
IE62978B1 (en) | 1995-03-08 |
NO900386D0 (en) | 1990-01-26 |
DK0382359T3 (en) | 1993-04-19 |
HK76993A (en) | 1993-08-06 |
NZ232262A (en) | 1991-12-23 |
EP0382359A1 (en) | 1990-08-16 |
AU615372B2 (en) | 1991-09-26 |
DE69001142D1 (en) | 1993-04-29 |
IE900324L (en) | 1990-07-28 |
DE69001142T2 (en) | 1993-08-12 |
CA2008682C (en) | 1998-12-29 |
SG66193G (en) | 1993-08-06 |
NO900386L (en) | 1990-07-30 |
ES2040554T3 (en) | 1993-10-16 |
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