EP0378045B1 - Hydraulic drill hammer - Google Patents
Hydraulic drill hammer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0378045B1 EP0378045B1 EP89810844A EP89810844A EP0378045B1 EP 0378045 B1 EP0378045 B1 EP 0378045B1 EP 89810844 A EP89810844 A EP 89810844A EP 89810844 A EP89810844 A EP 89810844A EP 0378045 B1 EP0378045 B1 EP 0378045B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drill
- liquid
- turbine rotor
- drill according
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000008237 rinsing water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003936 working memory Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B6/00—Drives for drilling with combined rotary and percussive action
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D11/00—Portable percussive tools with electromotor or other motor drive
- B25D11/06—Means for driving the impulse member
- B25D11/12—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a crank mechanism
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
- B25D9/06—Means for driving the impulse member
- B25D9/12—Means for driving the impulse member comprising a built-in liquid motor, i.e. the tool being driven by hydraulic pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/14—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using liquids and gases, e.g. foams
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S173/00—Tool driving or impacting
- Y10S173/04—Liquid operated
Definitions
- the invention relates to a hydraulic hammer drill with a bear supported resiliently in the direction of impact, which is force-coupled on the one hand via spring elements and pistons with a connecting rod and a crank mechanism of a reduction gear and which on the other hand strikes an axially movable boring bar.
- a hydraulic hammer drill with a bear supported resiliently in the direction of impact, which is force-coupled on the one hand via spring elements and pistons with a connecting rod and a crank mechanism of a reduction gear and which on the other hand strikes an axially movable boring bar.
- a hammer has become known from FR-A-2 232 410.
- Hydraulic hammer drills are used to drill mounting holes and blast holes in the rock.
- a preferred area is mining.
- the invention provides a remedy here. It has the task of doing this at large mining depths. Utilize cooling water supplied from the earth's surface in such a way that back pressure and the on-site cooling and rinsing water consumption are sufficient to drive a hammer drill.
- a constant-pressure turbine wheel connected to the transmission is partially axially acted upon by at least one liquid jet, for which a collecting nozzle after it has been deflected at the outlet from the turbine wheel is installed, which sucks air and residual water out of the turbine housing as a mixing section and by operating the rotary hammer in such a way that, in a first process step, a turbine wheel is partially axially pressurized by at least one liquid jet, and that the energy obtained from the jet deflection acts as a power source for the Rotary and impact movement of a drill bit is used, that in a second process step ambient air is brought into the turbine housing under vacuum via a suction opening with a filter, that in a third process step the kinetic residual energy of the liquid jets deflected by the turbine wheel is used according to the injector principle Aspirating air and residual liquid from the turbine housing, bringing it to a lower speed by decelerating it and transporting it further at higher pressure,
- a hydraulically driven hammer drill is shown, with a guide head 14a, 14b which is movable in the direction of impact in the housing 1 and which guides the impact movement of the bear 2a, 2b, by the bear 2a, 2b, until it hits the drill rod 15 rotating with the drill chuck 16 is clamped to the guide head 14a, 14b via the shock spring 3a, 3b and follows the movement of the guide head 14a, 14b.
- the movement of the guide head 14a, 14b is indicated as a function of the time t in FIG. 1a.
- the movement is generated by a turbine wheel 20 which is connected to a planetary gear 7, the planet carrier of which is mounted in the housing 1, 1a via roller bearings 10.
- the planet carrier guides the planet gears with the bolt 9 and is itself designed as an eccentric 12, whereby it has counter masses to the eccentric mass, which equalize forces for the masses of the eccentric 12 and connecting rod 6 accelerated transversely to the direction of impact of the bear 2a, 2b.
- the turbine wheel 20 is acted upon by a nozzle 24 with a liquid jet 25, the liquid jet 25 striking the blades 21 of the turbine wheel 20 with a tangential and an axial component and with a tangential, an axial and a radial component from the Buckets 21 emerges.
- the exit angles have to be determined empirically in order for a collecting nozzle 26 with a kidney-shaped cross section to be attached in the jet direction to work according to the injector principle.
- the exit jet is deformed from a rather round cross section to a slot cross section 27 in the base of the collecting nozzle 26, which the jet enriched with air completely fills.
- the guide channel 28 can be designed as a cooling channel which dissipates heat from the hammer drill.
- the turbine wheel 20 is axially opposed in the area of the blade roots and in the area of the blades 21 with a play of 0.3 mm, with the exception of the location of the entry and exit of the pressure jet 25 provided the housing wall 1 and 1b. Furthermore, the housing surrounds the turbine blades 21 radially in the angular range of the incident and exiting the pressure jet 25 with an intermediate wall 23 at a distance of 0.3 mm.
- the inlet cross section of the collecting nozzle 26 overlaps the blades 21 in the region of the undercut blade feet and draws air through the gap and the bores 22 in the turbine wheel 20, which air enters the turbine housing 1b through a suction opening 19 with a filter.
- the overpressure of the liquid-air mixture in the guide channel 28 is approximately 1.5 bar.
- the excess amount of the mixture for flushing is discharged via an orifice in the lower part of the housing, so that an air cushion 29 forms in the upper part of the housing 30 between the bear 2a, 2b and the drill rod 15, which absorbs liquid for a short time in addition to the generally present air bubbles and the RAM has the effect without the pressure being unnecessarily displaced by the bear 2a, 2b increases.
- the intermediate housing wall 30 and the intermediate housing part 1c form a pressure vessel which is open via the hollow boring bar 15. Static soft seals 17 and dynamic soft seals 18 with respect to the moving bodies ensure tightness. When the bear 2a, 2b strikes, the liquid forms a transmission resistance before the end faces of the bear and the boring bar 15 touch, which increases the length of the transmitted impulse and leads to a greater power transmission without the end faces being mechanically damaged.
- Hitting the rotary hammer at idle i.e. without feed force on its suspension, is prevented by locking the opening of the feed line to the nozzle 24 via the presence or setting of a feed force, which results in savings in water consumption and protection of the mechanics.
- the drilling operation is achieved and interrupted by setting the feed in and out.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
- Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen hydraulischen Bohrhammer mit einem in Schlagrichtung federnd abgestützten Bär, der einerseits über Federelemente und Kolben mit einem Pleuel und einem Kurbeltrieb von einem Untersetzungsgetriebe kraftgekoppelt ist und der andererseits auf eine axial bewegliche Bohrstange aufschlägt. Ein solcher Hammer ist aus der FR-A-2 232 410 bekanntgeworden.The invention relates to a hydraulic hammer drill with a bear supported resiliently in the direction of impact, which is force-coupled on the one hand via spring elements and pistons with a connecting rod and a crank mechanism of a reduction gear and which on the other hand strikes an axially movable boring bar. Such a hammer has become known from FR-A-2 232 410.
Hydraulische Bohrhammer werden beim Bohren von Befestigungslöchern und von Sprenglöchern im Gestein eingesetzt. Ein bevorzugtes Gebiet ist der Bergbau.Hydraulic hammer drills are used to drill mounting holes and blast holes in the rock. A preferred area is mining.
Eine Uebersicht über den Stand der hydraulischen Bohrhammer findet sich im Artikel "Hydraulic Rockdrills" von Joffrey Pearse (Mining Magazine - March 1985, Seite 221 bis 231, Mining Journal Ltd., 60 Worshipstreet, London, EC2A 2HD)), in dem die Produkte von 17 Herstellern untersucht wurden. Diesen hydraulischen Bohrhammern ist gemeinsam, dass sie zur Erzeugung der Schlagbewegung mit Drücken zwischen 75 und 220 bar im geschlossenen Kreislauf mit Oel oder mit Wasser und Schmierzusätzen betrieben werden, dass ein Bär als Hydraulikkolben über Umsteuereinrichtungen mit Druckflüssigkeit beaufschlagt wird, dass die Druckerhöhung mittels Pumpe und Motor erfolgt und dass die Spülung und Kühlung des Bohrmeissels über ein separates Wassersystem erfolgt. Für ihren Betrieb darf die mechanische Kraftquelle, der Motor, nicht allzu weit vom Abbauort in der Sohle installiert sein. Elektrische Antriebsenergie oder Treibstoff und Rauchgasableitungen sind für den Betrieb dieser Bohrhammer notwendig. Weiterhin sind pneumatische Bohrhammer bekannt, die mit Erfolg im Bergbau bis zu mittleren Tiefen eingesetzt werden. Wegen der Strömungs- und Leckverluste steigen mit zunehmender Tiefe die Bereitstellungskosten für Pressluft so überproportional, dass der Einsatz von hydraulischen Bohrhammern gerechtfertigt ist. Bei Bergwerken, die bis auf Sohlentiefen von 2000 m und tiefer Gestein fördern, treten zusätzliche Grenzen für den Hauer beim Bohren vor Ort auf. Die Umgebungstemperatur des Gesteins ist so hoch, dass der Wärmeinhalt von Luft nicht mehr ausreicht, um das Gestein genügend herunterzukühlen. Die Betreiber von solchen Bergwerken sind daher gezwungen, einerseits Kühlwasser von der Erdoberfläche zu den Abbauplätzen vor Ort zu bringen, das die Maschinen und durch Versprühen das Gestein kühlt, wobei ein Teil des Wassers verdampft, und andererseits Diesel- oder Elektromotoren als Energiequellen für die Bohrhammer auf den Sohlen zu installieren; beides Massnahmen, die die Abbaukosten mit zunehmender Tiefe enorm ansteigen lassen.An overview of the state of the hydraulic hammer drill can be found in the article "Hydraulic Rockdrills" by Joffrey Pearse (Mining Magazine - March 1985, pages 221 to 231, Mining Journal Ltd., 60 Worshipstreet, London, EC2A 2HD)), in which the products from 17 manufacturers were examined. These hydraulic rotary hammers have in common that they are operated in a closed circuit with oil or with water and lubricating additives in order to generate the impact movement with pressures between 75 and 220 bar, that a bear as hydraulic piston is pressurized with hydraulic fluid via reversing devices, that the pressure is increased by means of a pump and Motor is done and that the flushing and cooling of the drill bit over there is a separate water system. For their operation, the mechanical power source, the motor, must not be installed too far from the place of extraction in the sole. Electrical drive energy or fuel and flue gas discharge pipes are necessary for the operation of this hammer drill. Pneumatic hammer drills are also known which are successfully used in mining to medium depths. Because of the flow and leakage losses, the supply costs for compressed air increase so much with depth that the use of hydraulic hammer drills is justified. In mines that mine to depths of 2,000 m and deep rock, there are additional limits for tunnels when drilling on site. The ambient temperature of the rock is so high that the heat content of air is no longer sufficient to cool the rock sufficiently. The operators of such mines are therefore forced, on the one hand, to bring cooling water from the surface of the earth to the extraction sites on site, which cools the machines and by spraying the rock, some of the water evaporating, and on the other hand, diesel or electric motors as energy sources for the hammer drill to install on the soles; both measures that cause the mining costs to increase enormously with increasing depth.
Hier schafft die Erfindung Abhilfe. Sie hat die Aufgabe, das bei grossen Abbautiefen. von der Erdoberfläche zugeführte Kühlwasser so auszunutzen, dass Staudruck und der vor Ort nowendige Kühl- und Spülwasserverbrauch ausreichen, um einen Bohrhammer anzutreiben.The invention provides a remedy here. It has the task of doing this at large mining depths. Utilize cooling water supplied from the earth's surface in such a way that back pressure and the on-site cooling and rinsing water consumption are sufficient to drive a hammer drill.
Sie löst die Aufgabe mit einem hydraulischen Bohrhammer, indem ein mit dem Getriebe verbundenes Gleichdruck-Turbinenrad durch mindestens einen Flüssigkeitsstrahl teilweise axial beaufschlagt ist, für den nach seiner Ablenkung am Austritt aus dem Turbinenrad eine Sammeldüse installiert ist, die als Mischstrecke Luft und Restwasser aus dem Turbinengehäuse absaugt und indem der Betrieb des Bohrhammers so erfolgt, dass in einem ersten Verfahrensschritt ein Turbinenrad teilweise axial durch mindestens einen Flüssigkeitsstrahl teilbeaufschlagt wird, und dass die aus der Strahlumlenkung gewonnene Energie als Kraftquelle für die Dreh- und Schlagbewegung eines Bohrmeissels verwendet wird, dass in einem zweiten Verfahrensschritt Umgebungsluft über eine Ansaugöffnung mit Filter in das unter Unterdruck stehende Turbinengehäuse gebracht wird, dass in einem dritten Verfahrensschritt die kinetische Restenergie der durch das Turbinenrad abgelenkten Flüssigkeitsstrahlen dazu verwendet wird, nach dem Injektiorprinzip Luft und Restflüssigkeit aus dem Turbinengehäuse abzusaugen, durch Verzögerung auf niedrigere Geschwindigkeit zu bringen und bei höherem Druck weiter zu transportieren, dass in einem vierten Verfahrensschritt das unter mehrfachem Atmosphärendruck stehende Flüssigkeits-Luft-Gemisch in den Raum zwischen Bär und Bohrstange geführt wird, dass in einem fünften Verfahrensschritt überschüssiges Flüssigkeits-Luft-Gemisch an die Umgebung abgegeben wird, dass in einem sechsten Verfahrensschritt ein federndes Luftpolster im oberen Teil des Raumes, der durch Bär und Bohrstange begrenzt ist, gebildet wird, das einen Teil der beim Zu- schlagen vom Bär verdrängten Flüssigkeit kurzzeitig aufnimmt, und dass in einem siebten Verfahrensschritt das Flüssigkeits-Luft-Gemisch als Kühl- und Spülmedium durch die hohle Bohrstange dem Bohrmeissel zugeführt wird, wobei sich Flüssigkeit zwischen den Stirnflächen des zuschlagenden Bärs und der Bohrstange befindet, die durch ihren Widerstand beim Zusammenschlagen der Flächen die Länge des übertragenen Stossimpulses wesentlich vergrössert und eine grössere Leistungsübertragung ohne mechanische Schädigung der Flächen ermöglicht.It achieves the task with a hydraulic hammer drill, in that a constant-pressure turbine wheel connected to the transmission is partially axially acted upon by at least one liquid jet, for which a collecting nozzle after it has been deflected at the outlet from the turbine wheel is installed, which sucks air and residual water out of the turbine housing as a mixing section and by operating the rotary hammer in such a way that, in a first process step, a turbine wheel is partially axially pressurized by at least one liquid jet, and that the energy obtained from the jet deflection acts as a power source for the Rotary and impact movement of a drill bit is used, that in a second process step ambient air is brought into the turbine housing under vacuum via a suction opening with a filter, that in a third process step the kinetic residual energy of the liquid jets deflected by the turbine wheel is used according to the injector principle Aspirating air and residual liquid from the turbine housing, bringing it to a lower speed by decelerating it and transporting it further at higher pressure, that in a fourth process step this is done under multiple atmospheric pressure standing liquid-air mixture is led into the space between the bear and the boring bar, that in a fifth process step excess liquid-air mixture is released to the environment, that in a sixth process step a resilient air cushion in the upper part of the room caused by the bear and boring bar is limited, is formed, which temporarily absorbs part of the liquid displaced by the bear when struck, and that in a seventh method step the liquid-air mixture is fed as cooling and flushing medium through the hollow boring bar to the drill bit, whereby there is liquid between the end faces of the striking bear and the boring bar, which due to its resistance when the surfaces are struck together significantly increases the length of the shock pulse transmitted and enables greater power transmission without mechanical damage to the surfaces.
Die Vorteile der Erfindung sind darin zu sehen, dass nur ein einziger Energieträger, nämlich das bei grossen Abbautiefen notwendige Kühlwasser, vor Ort geführt werden muss und dort sowohl als Antriebs- und Spülmedium für das Bohren, als auch als Kühlmedium für das Gestein verwendet wird. Durch die Verwendung eines Turbinenrades wird auf die von der Wasserqualität abhängige Funktion von Hochdruckdichtungen verzichtet und ein offener Wasserkreislauf erreicht. Die Spülung des Bohrmeissels erfolgt zwangsläufig mit dem Antrieb des Turbinenrades. Das Wasser durchläuft keine empfindlichen Regelorgane. Vorschub und Bohrantrieb können über ein einziges Einstellelement angesteuert werden.The advantages of the invention are to be seen in the fact that only a single energy source, namely the cooling water required at large mining depths, has to be carried on site and is used there both as a drive and flushing medium for drilling and as a cooling medium for the rock. By using a turbine wheel, the function of high-pressure seals, which is dependent on the water quality, is dispensed with and an open water cycle is achieved. The drill bit is inevitably flushed with the drive of the turbine wheel. The water does not pass through sensitive control organs. Feed and drill drive can be controlled via a single setting element.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben.
- Fig. 1a zeigt schematisch eine kinematische Verknüpfung zwischen Bohrstange und Antriebsturbine eines hydraulischen Bohrhammers, wobei die Federelemente Schraubenfedern sind,
- Fig. 1b zeigt schematisch einen Ausschnitt zu Figur 1a, in dem die Schraubenfedern durch Luftpolster beidseitig des als Kolben ausgebildeten Bärs ersetzt sind,
- Fig. 2 zeigt schematisch den Ausschnitt eines Turbinenrades mit einem schräg anspritzenden Flüssigkeitsstrahl und mit der Kontur einer Sammeldüse, die den aus dem Turbinenrad austretenden Flüssigkeitsstrahl auffängt und
- Fig. 3 ist eine schematische Schnittzeichnung von einem Bohrhammer, der über ein Turbinenrad hydraulisch angetrieben ist, wobei mit der Restenergie des Antriebsstrahls Flüssigkeit zur Spülung und Kühlung zum Bohrmeissel geführt wird.
- 1a schematically shows a kinematic link between the boring bar and the drive turbine of a hydraulic hammer drill, the spring elements being coil springs,
- 1b schematically shows a detail of FIG. 1a, in which the coil springs are replaced by air cushions on both sides of the bear designed as a piston,
- Fig. 2 shows schematically the section of a turbine wheel with an obliquely splashing liquid jet and with the contour of a collecting nozzle which catches the liquid jet emerging from the turbine wheel and
- Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional drawing of a hammer drill which is hydraulically driven via a turbine wheel, with the residual energy of the Drive jet liquid for flushing and cooling is guided to the drill bit.
In den Figuren ist ein hydraulisch angetriebener Bohrhammer gezeigt, mit einem im Gehäuse 1 in Schlagrichtung beweglichen Führungskopf 14a,14b der die Schlagbewegung des Bärs 2a,2b führt, indem bis zum Aufprall auf die mit dem Bohrfutter 16 mitdrehende Bohrstange 15 der Bär 2a,2b über die Stossfeder 3a,3b mit dem Führungskopf 14a,14b verspannt ist und der Bewegung des Führungskopfes 14a,14b folgt. Die Bewegung des Führungskopfes 14a,14b ist in Abhängigkeit von der Zeit t in Fig. 1a angedeutet. Beim Aufprall geht die vom Getriebe 7 über Exzenter 12, den Pleuel 6 und den Lagerbolzen 8 auf den Führungskopf 14a,14b übertragene Bewegung weiter, indem die Stossfeder 3a,3b und die Rückstossfeder 4a,4b weiter komprimiert werden, wobei ein Kolben 5a oder Ausgleichsbohrungen 5b als Dämpfung und im Zusammenhang mit Ausgleichsräumen als Arbeitsspeicher wirken. Die Drehbewegung wird über eine Schnecke 11 im Getriebegehäuse 1a und eine Antriebswelle 13 auf das Bohrfutter 16 im Gehäuse 1d übertragen.In the figures, a hydraulically driven hammer drill is shown, with a guide head 14a, 14b which is movable in the direction of impact in the housing 1 and which guides the impact movement of the
Erfindungsgemäss wird die Bewegung durch ein Turbinenrad 20 erzeugt, das mit einem Planetengetriebe 7 verbunden ist, dessen Planetenträger über Wälzlager 10 im Gehäuse 1, 1a gelagert ist. Der Planetenträger führt die Planetenräder mit dem Bolzen 9 und ist selbst als Exzenter 12 ausgebildet, wobei er Gegenmassen zur Exzentermasse besitzt, die einen Kräfteausgleich für die quer zur Stossrichtung des Bärs 2a,2b beschleunigten Massen vom Exzenter 12 und Pleuel 6 bewirken. Das Turbinenrad 20 wird von einer Düse 24 mit einem Flüssigkeitsstrahl 25 beaufschlagt, wobei der Flüssigkeitsstrahl 25 mit einer tangentialen und einer axialen Komponente auf den Schaufeln 21 des Turbinenrades 20 auftrifft und mit einer tangentialen, einer axialen und einer radialen Komponente aus den Schaufeln 21 austritt. Die Austrittswinkel müssen empirisch bestimmt werden, um eine in Strahlrichtung anzubringende Sammeldüse 26 mit nierenförmigem Querschnitt nach dem Injektorprinzip arbeiten zu lassen. Um Rückströmung zu verhindern, wird der Austrittsstrahl von einem eher runden Querschnitt auf einen Schlitzquerschnitt 27 im Grund der Sammeldüse 26 deformiert, den der mit Luft angereicherte Strahl vollständig ausfüllt. Im Anschluss an den Schlitzquerschnitt 27 findet eine diffusorähnliche Aufweitung zur Druckerhöhung in dem Führungskanal 28 statt, in welchem der volumetrische Luftanteil ca. 20 % beträgt. Der Führungskanal 28 kann als Kühlkanal ausgebildet sein, der Wärme vom Bohrhammer abführt.Das Turbinenrad 20 ist im Bereich der Schaufelfüsse und im Bereich der Schaufeln 21 mit Ausnahme vom Ort des Eintretens und Austretens des Druckstrahls 25 axial mit einem Spiel von 0,3 mm gegen die Gehäusewand 1 und 1b versehen. Im weiteren umgibt das Gehäuse die Turbinenschaufeln 21 radial im Winkelbereich des auftreffenden und die Schaufeln verlassenden Druckstrahls 25 mit einer Gehäusezwischenwand 23 im Abstand von 0,3 mm. Der Eintrittsquerschnitt der Sammeldüse 26 überlappt die Schaufeln 21 im Bereich der hinterschnittenen Schaufelfüsse und zieht durch den entstandenen Spalt und die Bohrungen 22 im Turbinenrad 20 Luft ein, die durch eine Ansaugöffnung 19 mit Filter in das Turbinengehäuse 1b eintritt.According to the invention, the movement is generated by a
Der Ueberdruck des Flüssigkeits-Luft-Gemisches im Führungskanal 28 beträgt ca. 1,5 bar. Die zur Spülung überschüssige Menge des Gemisches wird über eine Blende im unteren Teil des Gehäuses abgeführt, damit sich im oberen Teil des Gehäuses 30 zwischen Bär 2a,2b und Bohrstange 15 ein Luftpolster 29 bildet, das kurzzeitig neben den allgemein vorhandenen Luftblasen Flüssigkeit aufnimmt und die Wirkung eines Arbeitsspeichers hat, ohne dass der Druck bei der Verdrängung durch den Bär 2a,2b unnötig ansteigt. Die Gehäusezwischenwand 30 und das Gehäusezwischenstück 1c bilden ein Druckgefäss, das über die hohle Bohrstange 15 offen ist. Statische Weichdichtungen 17 und dynamische Weichdichtungen 18 gegenüber den bewegten Körpern sorgen für Dichtheit. Beim Zuschlagen von Bär 2a,2b bildet die Flüssigkeit vor der Berührung der Stirnflächen von Bär und Bohrstange 15 einen Übertragungswiderstand, der die Länge vom übertragenen Impuls vergrössert und zu einer grösseren Leistungsübertragung führt, ohne dass die Stirnflächen mechanisch beschädigt werden.The overpressure of the liquid-air mixture in the guide channel 28 is approximately 1.5 bar. The excess amount of the mixture for flushing is discharged via an orifice in the lower part of the housing, so that an
Ein Schlagen des Bohrhammers im Leerlauf, d.h. ohne Vorschubkraft an seiner Aufhängung, wird verhindert, indem das Oeffnen der Zuleitung zur Düse 24 über das Vorhandensein oder Einstellen einer Vorschubkraft verriegelt ist, was Einsparungen am Wasserverbrauch und Schonung der Mechanik bewirkt. Der Bohrbetrieb wird so über das Ein- und Ausstellen des Vorschubes erreicht und unterbrochen.Hitting the rotary hammer at idle, i.e. without feed force on its suspension, is prevented by locking the opening of the feed line to the
Claims (15)
- A hydraulic hammer drill having a piston (2a, 2b) which is borne resiliently in the striking direction, is operatively connected at one end by way of spring elements (3a, 3b, 4a, 4b) and pistons to a connecting rod (6) and a crank drive of a reduction transmission (7) and whose other end strikes an axially mobile drill rod (15), characterised in that a turbine rotor (20) connected to the reduction transmission (7) is energised part-axially by at least one liquid stream (25) and there is provided after the deflection of such stream at the exit from the turbine rotor (20) a collecting nozzle (26) which as a mixing section sucks air and residual water from the turbine casing (1b).
- A drill according to claim 1, characterised in that impingement on the blading (21) the liquid stream (25) has an axial component of from 40 to 20%, a tangential component of from 80 to 96% and a radial component of at most 15%.
- A drill according to claim 1 and/or 2, characterised in that the turbine rotor (20) is formed in its disc part whith apertures (22) for the passage of air.
- A drill according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the casing extends axially and with reduced clearance around the turbine rotor near the blades (21) and blade roots except for the supply and removal zones for the liquid stream (25).
- A drill according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that a casing partition (23) extends with reduced clearance around the blades (21) of turbine rotor (20) near the supply and discharge of the liquid stream (25).
- A drill according to any of claims 1 to 5, characrterised in that the collecting nozzle (26) extends along the contour of the outlet side of the turbine rotor (20) with reduced clearance, has a reniform inlet cross-section and covers the different places at which the associated pressure stream (25) issues from the turbine rotor (20), the exit places which correspond to the range of normal working speeds of the rotor (20) being taken into consideration.
- A drill according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that connecting nozzle (26) so narrows towards the central pressure streams issuing from the turbine rotor (20)through a slot-like cross-section (27) that the pressure stream is so deformed in its cross-section as to completely fill the narrowest slot cross-section in the base of the collecting nozzle (26) irrespective of the place of issue from the turbine rotor (20).
- A drill according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that by way of its entry edge the collecting nozzle (26) just intercepts the liquid stream the highest working speed and at speeds thereabove collision and dynamic losses which prevent overspeeding are produced when the liquid stream strikes the collecting nozzle inlet edge.
- A drill according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the collecting nozzle (26) for a guide duct (28) into which the same merges has a diffuse-like cross-sectional enlargement after the narrowest slot cross-section (27) as considered in the direction of movement therethrough.
- A drill according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that planetary gearing (7) is used to reduce the turbine speed and its satellite carrier is in the form of an eccentric (12) for the crank drive with connecting rod (6), counterweighting being provided in respect of the weights of the eccentric (12) and connecting rod (6) which are accelerated transversely to the impact direction of the piston (2a, 2b).
- A drill accordinig to any of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the gap between the piston (2a, 2b) and the drill rod chuck (16) is sealed by casing walls and seals except for the inlet and outlet apertures.
- A drill according to claim 11, characterised in that the gap between the piston (2a, 2b) and the chuck (16) extends upwardly, with the drill in the operative position, above the outflow to the drill rod (15) and an air cushion forms in the sack as a work accumulator.
- A drill according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the liquid in the guide ducts (28) or a surplus quantity subsequently branched off therefrom is also used to cool the drill.
- A method of operating the hydraulic hammer drill according to claim 1, characterised in that
in a first step a turbine rotor (20) is part-energised partly axially by at least one liquid sstream (25) and the energy derived from stream deflection is used as a means of powering the rotation and percussive movement of a rock bit;
in a second step ambient air is introduced through a suction orifice (19) and associated filter into the turbine casing (1b), the same being at a negative pressure;
in a third step the residual kinetic energy of the liquid streams (25) deflected by the turbine rotor (20) is used injector-fashion to suck air and residual liquid from the turbine casing (1b), to reduce its speed by delay in a diffuser and to convey it onwards at a higher pressure;
in a fourth step the liquid-air mixture, which is at a pressure of several atmospheres, is guided into the gap between the piston (2a, 2b) and the drill rod (15);
in a fifth step surplus liquid-air mixture is discharged to atmosphere;
in a sixth step a resilient air cushion (29) is formed in the top part of the chamber bounded by the piston (2a, 2b) and drill rod (15) an briefly receives some of the liquid displaced at the strike of the piston (2a, 2b), and in a seventh step the liquid-air mixture is supplied as a cooling and washing medium through the hollow drill rod (15) to the rock bit, there being present between the end faces of the striking piston (2a, 2b) and the drill rod (15) liquid which by its resistance considerably increases the length of the transmitted operative pulse when the surfaces strike together and enables increased power to be transmitted without the surfaces suffering mechanical damage. - A drill according to any of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the liquid supply to the nozzle (24) is open only when a feeding force for the rock drill is present or being adjusted.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT89810844T ATE84850T1 (en) | 1989-01-11 | 1989-11-08 | HYDRAULIC HAMMER DRILL. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH74/89 | 1989-01-11 | ||
CH7489 | 1989-01-11 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0378045A1 EP0378045A1 (en) | 1990-07-18 |
EP0378045B1 true EP0378045B1 (en) | 1993-01-20 |
Family
ID=4178688
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89810844A Expired - Lifetime EP0378045B1 (en) | 1989-01-11 | 1989-11-08 | Hydraulic drill hammer |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5117923A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0378045B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH02224983A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE84850T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU638960B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2007428C (en) |
DE (1) | DE58903355D1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI91098C (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA899569B (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5573075A (en) * | 1995-07-05 | 1996-11-12 | T.C. Service Company | Pneumatic impact tool having improved vibration and noise attenuation |
US5626199A (en) * | 1995-07-05 | 1997-05-06 | T.C. Service Company | Pneumatic impact tool having improved vibration and noise attenuation |
JP2000024958A (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 2000-01-25 | Yamada Kikai Kogyo Kk | Continuous impact work machine |
FR2785347B1 (en) * | 1998-11-03 | 2002-03-08 | Andre Gonon | SHOCK ABSORBER OF IMPACT DAMAGES THROUGH A FLOATING LINK BETWEEN ROTATION AND PERCUSSION MECHANISMS IN A ROTO PERCUTTING HYDRAULIC PERFORATOR |
DE19933972A1 (en) * | 1999-07-20 | 2001-01-25 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Hammer drill or hammer |
US20030056352A1 (en) * | 2000-12-19 | 2003-03-27 | Mclellan Dale C. | Liner bolt removal tool |
US7013986B2 (en) * | 2003-05-12 | 2006-03-21 | Nitto Kohki Co., Ltd. | Impact tool |
DE102004022623A1 (en) * | 2004-05-07 | 2005-12-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Hand tool with a striking mechanism |
GB2429991A (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-03-14 | Alan Barrows | Water powered impulsive unit |
DE102006061627A1 (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Schlagwerk an electric hand tool machine |
SE537773C2 (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2015-10-13 | Tools Pc Ab Const | Impact device containing a recoil damper |
CN104033102B (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2016-09-28 | 广西恒日科技股份有限公司 | impact hydraulic rock drill |
WO2019079560A1 (en) | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-25 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Percussion tool |
EP4349534A3 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2024-07-17 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | Percussion tool |
US10808379B1 (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2020-10-20 | Cciip Llc | Roadway access hole drill and a method of microtrenching using the drill to open an access hole in the roadway |
CN110513047B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2021-07-23 | 沧州格锐特钻头有限公司 | Self-excitation liquid impact vibration roller bit |
CN112781455B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-12-28 | 安徽雷鸣***工程有限责任公司 | Blasting and rock drilling equipment for surface mine exploitation and working method thereof |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USRE20365E (en) * | 1937-05-18 | Portable power hammer | ||
DE268718C (en) * | ||||
US2145760A (en) * | 1936-07-24 | 1939-01-31 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corp | Electric hammer |
DE726586C (en) * | 1939-05-06 | 1942-10-16 | Siemens Ag | Striker equipped with an electrical or mechanical drive, e.g. B. hammer drill, with automatic transfer device |
US2251224A (en) * | 1940-07-11 | 1941-07-29 | Sullivan Machinery Co | Rock drill |
US3133600A (en) * | 1959-04-29 | 1964-05-19 | Hochreuter Johann | Electric hammer drilling device with intermittent change over gear for the hammer tool |
DE1192132B (en) * | 1960-11-18 | 1965-05-06 | Hermann Wacker, Peter Wacker, München | Rotary and demolition hammer with petrol or electric motor drive |
DE1503195A1 (en) * | 1965-04-10 | 1969-02-13 | Tsni I Pk I Podzemnogo I Shakh | Percussion |
US3695367A (en) * | 1970-06-08 | 1972-10-03 | North American Rockwell | Hydraulic power tool |
US3685593A (en) * | 1970-11-03 | 1972-08-22 | Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co | Fluid operated rock drill having an independent rotation motor |
US3866693A (en) * | 1973-06-11 | 1975-02-18 | Allied Steel Tractor Prod Inc | Vibratory impact hammer |
US3865194A (en) * | 1973-11-01 | 1975-02-11 | Jr John F Chatfield | Hydraulically-operated fire extinguishing drill |
AU510290B2 (en) * | 1978-12-06 | 1980-06-19 | Cooper Industries Inc | Hydraulic rock drill |
AU558266B2 (en) * | 1980-07-01 | 1987-01-22 | Rear, I.G. | Improved fluid operated hammer |
US5079150A (en) * | 1988-11-17 | 1992-01-07 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | High sensitivity detection of peroxidase activity |
-
1989
- 1989-11-08 DE DE8989810844T patent/DE58903355D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-11-08 AT AT89810844T patent/ATE84850T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-11-08 EP EP89810844A patent/EP0378045B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-14 ZA ZA899569A patent/ZA899569B/en unknown
- 1989-12-19 US US07/453,394 patent/US5117923A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-01-02 FI FI900009A patent/FI91098C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-01-09 CA CA002007428A patent/CA2007428C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-01-10 JP JP2003301A patent/JPH02224983A/en active Pending
- 1990-01-10 AU AU47836/90A patent/AU638960B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU638960B2 (en) | 1993-07-15 |
FI91098C (en) | 1994-05-10 |
EP0378045A1 (en) | 1990-07-18 |
FI900009A (en) | 1990-07-12 |
CA2007428A1 (en) | 1990-07-11 |
ATE84850T1 (en) | 1993-02-15 |
FI91098B (en) | 1994-01-31 |
CA2007428C (en) | 1994-09-13 |
FI900009A0 (en) | 1990-01-02 |
US5117923A (en) | 1992-06-02 |
ZA899569B (en) | 1990-09-26 |
DE58903355D1 (en) | 1993-03-04 |
JPH02224983A (en) | 1990-09-06 |
AU4783690A (en) | 1990-07-19 |
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