EP0377155B1 - Dual frequency radiating device - Google Patents

Dual frequency radiating device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0377155B1
EP0377155B1 EP89123208A EP89123208A EP0377155B1 EP 0377155 B1 EP0377155 B1 EP 0377155B1 EP 89123208 A EP89123208 A EP 89123208A EP 89123208 A EP89123208 A EP 89123208A EP 0377155 B1 EP0377155 B1 EP 0377155B1
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Prior art keywords
waveguide
excited
radiating
frequency
antenna
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EP89123208A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0377155A1 (en
Inventor
Michel Salvan
Didier René
Philippe Lepeltier
Thierry Dusseux
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Alcatel Espace Industries SA
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Alcatel Espace Industries SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/04—Multimode antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/45—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more feeds in association with a common reflecting, diffracting or refracting device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radiating device operating simultaneously in two different frequency bands; this device being able to generate in each frequency band two orthogonal polarizations: linear or circular.
  • the advantage of this device is that it is entirely compact: it can in particular be used in a dual-band multisource antenna possibly operating in two polarizations.
  • any radiating element in waveguide requiring operation at two separate frequencies and compact excitation from a TEM line supply (for example: coxial, triplate or microstrip line).
  • a device of the known art described in French patent FR 2598034 (application no. 8606127 of 04.28.1986) relates to a microwave rotating joint device, comprising a main circular guide consisting of two parts located in the extension one of the other and movable in rotation relative to each other about their axis of symmetry; with for each of these two parts, two accesses orthogonal thereto and orthogonal to each other, and being coupled to the outputs of a first hybrid coupler by means of two guides, and a cut-off guide, having two orthogonal accesses to it and orthogonal to each other; a hybrid coupler being connected at the input to these two guides.
  • Document FR-A-2 603 742 discloses a dual-frequency antenna exciter, comprising a main circular guide consisting of two parts of different diameters located one in the extension of the other. Each part of the main guide has two orthogonal accesses to the guide and between them; these accesses are waveguides which are respectively fed by orthogonal linear polarizations, in a first frequency range for the first part, and in a second frequency range for the second part.
  • Different solutions are proposed to improve the uncoupling of the four waves arriving in the exciter, for example: short-circuit screens, and / or spacers placed in specific places of the exciter, in replacement or in addition to the screens or the usual adjustment elements.
  • This document teaches the construction of a passive antenna excitation device by waves which are supplied on waveguides, with all the usual problems of microwave plumbing well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks.
  • the device of the invention proposes, in fact, a dual-frequency radiating device comprising two radiating elements and a discontinuity, the first radiating element being a wave guide excited in a first frequency range, leading to the second radiating element excited in a second frequency range, these two elements having the same axis of symmetry, the first frequency range being greater than the second frequency range, the two radiating elements having the same radiating opening, characterized in that the first radiating element is switched off with respect to the second frequency range to ensure decoupling between the signals radiated by these two elements, and in that said radiating device further comprises a first and a second source, the first element being a waveguide excited by the first source having the form of a resonant plate, and the second element being a waveguide excited by the second source having the shape of a resonant ring electrically connected in its central part to the first waveguide; this resonant ring constituting a rim of the first waveguide, the polarization being linear or circular.
  • the device of the invention as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 consists of two radiating elements, for example two guides 10 and 11, of the same longitudinal axis; each guide being excited by an antenna printed in linear or circular polarization.
  • the first guide 10 is excited at the high frequency, it is cut off with respect to the low frequency, directly generated in the second guide 11.
  • the wave is excited by a plated or printed antenna 12 , for example a resonant plate.
  • the second guide 11 is excited at the low frequency by an annular flat antenna 13 electrically connected (soldered for example) in its central part to the first waveguide 10.
  • This annular flat antenna 13, or resonant ring therefore constitutes, in a way so, an annular rim of the first waveguide 10.
  • Each of the antennas 12 and 13 is supplied by coaxial attacks 14, 15, 16 and 17.
  • each antenna is excited by two coaxial attacks 14 and 15 for the high frequencies, 16 and 17 for the low frequencies.
  • the adapted coaxial attacks are situated at 90 ° from one another relative to the center of the guides.
  • Each coaxial attack is supplied in phase quadrature by a hybrid coupler (coupler 18 for high frequencies, coupler 19 for low frequencies).
  • a hybrid coupler with branches for example.
  • hybrid couplers can be unbalanced in amplitude.
  • Hybrid couplers can also be replaced by "Tees", one track of the "Tee” being elongated with an electrical length of 90 °.
  • the attacks 16 and 17 of the second guide 11 low frequencies are located outside the outline of the first guide 10.
  • the printed high frequency antenna 12 is separated from the bottom of the aid 10 which is associated with it by a dielectric 20.
  • the low frequency antenna 13 is separated from the bottom of the guide 11 which is associated with it by a dielectric 21.
  • the size of the first guide 10 is calculated so that only the fundamental mode can be at the high frequency and so that the fundamental mode at the low frequency cannot propagate; therefore the insulation between the ports in the low frequency band is excellent.
  • one, the other or both antennas are constituted by a double resonator which allows to increase the bandwidth of the device.
  • the first waveguide 10 is excited at high frequencies by two concentric discs 12 and 22 spaced apart by a dielectric 23.
  • the second waveguide 11 is excited at low frequencies by two concentric rings 13 and 24.
  • the two rings being made in the mass, no dielectric is used for spacing.
  • one or the other or both antennas are constituted by a simple resonator excited by four coaxial attacks supplied in quadrature (0 °, ⁇ 90 °, ⁇ 180 °, ⁇ 270 ° ) by a device composed of a hybrid coupler 34 and two "mousetraps"("Ratrace” in English) or hybrid rings, or a hybrid coupler and two "Tees” adapted.
  • a hybrid coupler 34 each "mousetrap" or “tee” is balanced (3dB coupler) and thus generates circular polarizations in the waveguide.
  • the hybrid coupler produces the phase quadrature necessary for circular polarization.
  • the "mousetraps" or “Tees" constituting in fact balancing devices, can, moreover, be replaced by other types of "balun"("balanceunit” in English) or balancing systems.
  • the second guide 11 can also be produced by a planar network 40.
  • the device of the invention can comprise a resonator for each band as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, two resonators for each band, as shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, a resonator with four coaxial attacks, an appropriate excitation for each band as shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9, but it can also include more than two resonators for each band: three, four ...
  • resonators are not necessarily circular in shape: they can have any shape: circular, square, hexagonal, or have notches or asymmetrical accidents. They may also have recesses (non-metallized surfaces) of any shape within their outline.
  • dielectric layers 20, 21 and 23 for supporting these resonators 12, 13, 22 and 24 can be partially or totally replaced by other types of supports (spacers, columns) of any material (conductor or insulator) known from the skilled in the art.
  • these resonators can be extended out of their plan or in their plane by metal parts which may or may not come into electrical contact with the wall of the guide.
  • the guides used can be circular, square, but also hexagonal, polygonal, elliptical or other. They can present accidents such as excess thickness or furrows in the horizontal, oblique or transverse direction, or present local accidents such as pawns, iris, slots. They can also be globally or locally flared or narrowed, or both successively, according to a determined law for example.
  • the device of the invention can be powered by two, by four but also by a greater number of accesses, which can be connected to the first resonators 12 and 13, but also to the other resonators 22, 24 ...

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif rayonnant fonctionnant simultanément dans deux bandes de fréquences différentes ; ce dispositif pouvant générer dans chaque bande de fréquences deux polarisations orthogonales : linéaires ou circulaires.The invention relates to a radiating device operating simultaneously in two different frequency bands; this device being able to generate in each frequency band two orthogonal polarizations: linear or circular.

L'intérêt de ce dispositif est qu'il est entièrement compact : il peut en particulier être utilisé dans une antenne multisource bibande fonctionnant éventuellement dans deux polarisations.The advantage of this device is that it is entirely compact: it can in particular be used in a dual-band multisource antenna possibly operating in two polarizations.

Il peut également être utilisé dans tout élément rayonnant en guide d'onde nécessitant un fonctionnement à deux fréquences séparées et une excitation compacte à partir d'une alimentation en ligne TEM (par exemple : ligne coxiale, triplaque ou microruban).It can also be used in any radiating element in waveguide requiring operation at two separate frequencies and compact excitation from a TEM line supply (for example: coxial, triplate or microstrip line).

Les systèmes connus permettant un fonctionnement à deux fréquences nécessitent généralement :

  • . Soit l'utilisation de filtres permettant d'assurer une réjection efficace d'une bande de fréquences sur l'autre ;
  • . Soit la combinaison de deux types d'éléments rayonnants fonctionnant chacun dans sa bande de fréquences.
Known systems allowing operation at two frequencies generally require:
  • . Either the use of filters to ensure efficient rejection from one frequency band to the other;
  • . Or the combination of two types of radiating elements each operating in its frequency band.

Dans ce dernier cas, il est difficile d'arriver à une surface équivalente égale pour les deux bandes de fréquences ce qui est préjudiciable à un bon fonctionnement en multisource.In the latter case, it is difficult to arrive at an equal equivalent surface for the two frequency bands, which is detrimental to good operation in multisource.

Un dispositif de l'art connu, décrit dans le brevet français FR 2598034 (demande n° 8606127 du 28.04.1986) concerne un dispositif à joint tournant hyperfréquence, comprenant un guide circulaire principal constitué de deux parties situées dans le prolongement l'une de l'autre et mobiles en rotation l'une par rapport à l'autre autour de leur axe de symétrie ; avec pour chacune de ces deux parties, deux accès orthogonaux à celle-ci et orthogonaux entre eux, et étant couplés aux sorties d'un premier coupleur hybride par l'intermédiaire de deux guides, et un guide à la coupure, ayant deux accès orthogonaux à celui-ci et orthogonaux entre eux ; un coupleur hybride étant relié en entrée à ces deux guides.A device of the known art, described in French patent FR 2598034 (application no. 8606127 of 04.28.1986) relates to a microwave rotating joint device, comprising a main circular guide consisting of two parts located in the extension one of the other and movable in rotation relative to each other about their axis of symmetry; with for each of these two parts, two accesses orthogonal thereto and orthogonal to each other, and being coupled to the outputs of a first hybrid coupler by means of two guides, and a cut-off guide, having two orthogonal accesses to it and orthogonal to each other; a hybrid coupler being connected at the input to these two guides.

Il est connu par le document FR-A-2 603 742 un excitateur d'antenne bifréquence, comprenant un guide circulaire principal constitué par deux parties de diamètres différents situées l'une dans le prolongement de l'autre. Chaque partie du guide principal comporte deux accès orthogonaux au guide et entre eux ; ces accès sont des guides d'onde qui sont respectivement alimentés par des polarisations linéaires orthogonales, dans une première gamme de fréquences pour la première partie, et dans une deuxième gamme de fréquences pour la deuxième partie. Différentes solutions sont proposées pour améliorer le désaccouplement des quatre ondes arrivant dans l'excitateur, par exemple : des écrans court-circuit,et/ou des entretoises plaçées dans des endroits précis de l'excitateur, en remplacement ou en complément des écrans ou les éléments d'ajustement habituels. Ce document enseigne la construction d'un dispositif passif d'excitation d'antenne par des ondes qui sont fournies sur guides d'onde, avec tous les problèmes habituels de la plomberie hyperfréquence bien connus de l'homme de l'art.Document FR-A-2 603 742 discloses a dual-frequency antenna exciter, comprising a main circular guide consisting of two parts of different diameters located one in the extension of the other. Each part of the main guide has two orthogonal accesses to the guide and between them; these accesses are waveguides which are respectively fed by orthogonal linear polarizations, in a first frequency range for the first part, and in a second frequency range for the second part. Different solutions are proposed to improve the uncoupling of the four waves arriving in the exciter, for example: short-circuit screens, and / or spacers placed in specific places of the exciter, in replacement or in addition to the screens or the usual adjustment elements. This document teaches the construction of a passive antenna excitation device by waves which are supplied on waveguides, with all the usual problems of microwave plumbing well known to those skilled in the art.

Ces différents dispositifs sont encombrants et peu compatibles avec une utilisation en multisource.These various devices are bulky and hardly compatible with use in multisource.

Le dispositif de l'invention a pour objet de pallier ces inconvénients.The object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks.

Le dispositif de l'invention propose, en effet, un dispositif rayonnant bifréquence comprenant deux éléments rayonnants et une discontinuité, le premier élément rayonnant étant un guide d'onde excité dans une première gamme de fréquences, débouchant sur le second élément rayonnant excité dans une seconde gamme de fréquences, ces deux éléments ayant un même axe de symétrie, la première gamme de fréquences étant supérieure à la seconde gamme de fréquences, les deux éléments rayonnants ayant la même ouverture rayonnante, caractérisé en ce que le premier élément rayonnant est sous coupure vis à vis de la seconde gamme de fréquences pour assurer le découplage entre les signaux rayonnés par ces deux éléments, et en ce que ledit dispositif rayonnant comprend en outre une première et une seconde source, le premier élément étant un guide d'onde excité par le première source ayant la forme d'une plaque résonante, et le second élément étant un guide d'onde excité par le seconde source ayant la forme d'un anneau résonnant connecté électriquement dans sa partie centrale au premier guide d'onde ; cet anneau résonnant constituant un rebord du premier guide d'onde, la polarisation étant linéaire ou circulaire.The device of the invention proposes, in fact, a dual-frequency radiating device comprising two radiating elements and a discontinuity, the first radiating element being a wave guide excited in a first frequency range, leading to the second radiating element excited in a second frequency range, these two elements having the same axis of symmetry, the first frequency range being greater than the second frequency range, the two radiating elements having the same radiating opening, characterized in that the first radiating element is switched off with respect to the second frequency range to ensure decoupling between the signals radiated by these two elements, and in that said radiating device further comprises a first and a second source, the first element being a waveguide excited by the first source having the form of a resonant plate, and the second element being a waveguide excited by the second source having the shape of a resonant ring electrically connected in its central part to the first waveguide; this resonant ring constituting a rim of the first waveguide, the polarization being linear or circular.

Avantageusement un tel élément présente les caractéristiques suivantes :

  • Il est extrêmement compact ; la polarisation circulaire est ici directement générée à partir d'une ligne TEM sur une longueur inférieure à une longueur d'onde.
  • il est muni d'accès arrières longitudinaux ; ce qui permet de coupler ces accès, sans câbles coaxiaux supplémentaires, à un répartiteur de puissance TEM émission et/ou réception parallèle à la section du guide, endroit où peuvent être également implantés les coupleurs hybrides de mise en quadrature.
  • Il est utilisable sur toute antenne en polarisation circulaire où se pose un problème de compacité ou d'encombrement pour le dispositif de polarisation.
  • Les surfaces équivalentes sont identiques dans chaque bande de fréquences puisqu'il s'agit de guides d'ondes alimentés en mode fondamental.
Advantageously, such an element has the following characteristics:
  • It is extremely compact; the circular polarization is here directly generated from a TEM line over a length less than a wavelength.
  • it is provided with longitudinal rear access; which makes it possible to couple these accesses, without additional coaxial cables, to a TEM power distributor transmission and / or reception parallel to the section of the guide, place where hybrid quadrature coupling couplers can also be installed.
  • It can be used on any antenna with circular polarization where there is a problem of compactness or size for the polarization device.
  • The equivalent surfaces are identical in each frequency band since they are waveguides supplied in fundamental mode.

Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront d'ailleurs de la description qui va suivre, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées sur lesquelles :

  • Les figures 1, 2 et 3 illustrent respectivement une vue en coupe longitudinale du dispositif de l'invention, et deux vues en coupes transversales selon les plans II-II et III-III représentés sur la figure 1 ;
  • Les figures 4, 5 et 6 illustrent respectivement une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une première variante du dispositif de l'invention, et deux vues en coupes transversales selon les plans V-V et VI-VI représentés sur la figure 4 ;
  • Les figures 7, 8 et 9 illustrent respectivement une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une deuxième variante du dispositif de l'invention, et deux vues en coupes transversales selon les plans VIII-VIII et IX-IX représentés sur la figure 7 ;
  • La figure 10 illustre une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une troisième variante de l'invention.
The characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which follows, by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended figures in which:
  • Figures 1, 2 and 3 respectively illustrate a longitudinal sectional view of the device of the invention, and two cross-sectional views along the planes II-II and III-III shown in Figure 1;
  • Figures 4, 5 and 6 respectively illustrate a longitudinal sectional view of a first variant of the device of the invention, and two cross-sectional views along the planes VV and VI-VI shown in Figure 4;
  • Figures 7, 8 and 9 respectively illustrate a longitudinal sectional view of a second variant of the device of the invention, and two cross-sectional views along the planes VIII-VIII and IX-IX shown in Figure 7;
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a view in longitudinal section of a third variant of the invention.

Le dispositif de l'invention, tel que représenté aux figures 1, 2 et 3 est constitué par deux éléments rayonnants, par exemple deux guides 10 et 11, de même axe longitudinal ; chaque guide étant excité par une antenne imprimée en polarisation linéaire ou circulaire.The device of the invention, as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 consists of two radiating elements, for example two guides 10 and 11, of the same longitudinal axis; each guide being excited by an antenna printed in linear or circular polarization.

Le premier guide 10 est excité à la fréquence haute, il est sous coupure vis-à-vis de la fréquence basse, directement générée dans le deuxième guide 11. Dans ce premier guide 10 l'onde est excitée par une antenne plaquée ou imprimée 12, par exemple une plaque résonnante.The first guide 10 is excited at the high frequency, it is cut off with respect to the low frequency, directly generated in the second guide 11. In this first guide 10 the wave is excited by a plated or printed antenna 12 , for example a resonant plate.

Le second guide 11 est excité à la fréquence basse par une antenne plate annulaire 13 connectée électriquement (soudée par exemple) dans sa partie centrale au premier guide d'onde 10. Cette antenne plate annulaire 13, ou anneau résonnant, constitue donc, en quelque sorte, un rebord annulaire du premier guide d'onde 10.The second guide 11 is excited at the low frequency by an annular flat antenna 13 electrically connected (soldered for example) in its central part to the first waveguide 10. This annular flat antenna 13, or resonant ring, therefore constitutes, in a way so, an annular rim of the first waveguide 10.

Chacune des antennes 12 et 13 est alimentée par des attaques coaxiales 14,15, 16 et 17. Dans le cas où on génére de la polarisation circulaire dans chacune des deux bandes de fréquences, chaque antenne est excitée par deux attaques coaxiales 14 et 15 pour les fréquences hautes, 16 et 17 pour les fréquences basses. Pour chaque antenne les attaques coaxiales adaptées sont situées à 90° l'une de l'autre relativement au centre des guides. Chaque attaque coaxiale est alimentée en quadrature de phase par un coupleur hybride (coupleur 18 pour les fréquences hautes, coupleur 19 pour les fréquences basses). On peut utiliser un coupleur hybride à branches par exemple.Each of the antennas 12 and 13 is supplied by coaxial attacks 14, 15, 16 and 17. In the case where circular polarization is generated in each of the two frequency bands, each antenna is excited by two coaxial attacks 14 and 15 for the high frequencies, 16 and 17 for the low frequencies. For each antenna, the adapted coaxial attacks are situated at 90 ° from one another relative to the center of the guides. Each coaxial attack is supplied in phase quadrature by a hybrid coupler (coupler 18 for high frequencies, coupler 19 for low frequencies). One can use a hybrid coupler with branches for example.

De manière à améliorer l'ellipticité de l'onde (cas de la polarisation circulaire), les coupleurs hybrides peuvent être déséquilibrés en amplitude.In order to improve the ellipticity of the wave (case of circular polarization), hybrid couplers can be unbalanced in amplitude.

Les coupleurs hybrides peuvent également être remplacés par des "Tés", une voie du "Té" étant allongée d 'une longueur électrique de 90°.Hybrid couplers can also be replaced by "Tees", one track of the "Tee" being elongated with an electrical length of 90 °.

Comme représenté sur la figure 3, les attaques 16 et 17 du deuxième guide 11 fréquences basses, sont situées à l'extérieur du contour du premier guide 10.As shown in FIG. 3, the attacks 16 and 17 of the second guide 11 low frequencies are located outside the outline of the first guide 10.

L'antenne imprimée fréquences hautes 12 est séparée du fond du aide 10 qui lui est associé par un diélectrique 20. L'antenne fréquences basses 13 est séparée du fond du guide 11 qui lui est associé par un diélectrique 21. La dimension du premier guide 10 est calculée pour que seul le mode fondamental puisse être à la fréquence haute et pour que le mode fondamental à la fréquence basse ne puisse pas se propager ; de ce fait l'isolation entre les accès dans la bande de fréquence basse est excellente.The printed high frequency antenna 12 is separated from the bottom of the aid 10 which is associated with it by a dielectric 20. The low frequency antenna 13 is separated from the bottom of the guide 11 which is associated with it by a dielectric 21. The size of the first guide 10 is calculated so that only the fundamental mode can be at the high frequency and so that the fundamental mode at the low frequency cannot propagate; therefore the insulation between the ports in the low frequency band is excellent.

La dimension du second guide d'onde 11 est calculée pour que :

  • aux fréquences basses seul le mode fondamental puisse se propager,
  • aux fréquences hautes, seuls les modes non excitables puissent se propager : Ainsi, par exemple, dans le cas de guide cylindrique, le mode TM 11 est sous la coupure à la fréquence haute dans le deuxième guide 11, il ne nuit donc pas au rayonnement de l'ouverture du guide. Le mode TM 01 peut se propager, mais n'est pas excitable étant donné la symétrie de révolution des discontinuités.
The dimension of the second waveguide 11 is calculated so that:
  • at low frequencies only the fundamental mode can propagate,
  • at high frequencies, only non-excitable modes can propagate: Thus, for example, in the case of a cylindrical guide, the TM 11 mode is cut off at high frequency in the second guide 11, so it does not harm the radiation of the guide opening. The TM 01 mode can propagate, but is not excitable given the symmetry of revolution of the discontinuities.

En conséquence, pour chaque bande de fréquences, seuls les modes fondamentaux participent au rayonnement de l'ouverture du deuxième guide d'onde 11.Consequently, for each frequency band, only the fundamental modes participate in the radiation of the opening of the second waveguide 11.

On peut utiliser le dispositif de l'invention, tel que représenté à la figure 1, avec les dimensions suivantes :

  • . Pour l'élément rayonnant fréquences hautes :
    • distance entre chacune des attaques coaxiales 14 et 15 et le centre du résonateur 12 de forme circulaire environ 11,5 mm ;
    • épaisseur du diélectrique 20 : environ 3 mm ;
    • épaisseur du résonateur 12 : environ 0,5 mm ;
    • diamètre du résonateur 12, de forme circulaire : environ 24 mm ;
    • diamètre du guide 10, de forme cylindrique : environ 35 mm ;
    • distance entre les fonds de guides : environ 40 mm.
  • . Pour l'élément rayonnant fréquences basses :
    • distance entre chacune des attaques coaxiales 16 et 17 et le centre du résonateur 13 de forme circulaire : environ 22 mm ;
    • épaisseur du diélectrique 21 : environ 3,3 mm ;
    • épaisseur du résonateur 13 : environ 0,6 mm ;
    • diamètre du résonateur 13, de forme anneau circulaire : environ 52 mm pour diamètre extérieur et environ 25 mm pour diamètre intérieur ;
    • diamètre du guide 11, de forme cylindrique : environ 53,5 mm.
The device of the invention can be used, as shown in FIG. 1, with the following dimensions:
  • . For the high frequency radiating element:
    • distance between each of the coaxial attacks 14 and 15 and the center of the resonator 12 of circular shape about 11.5 mm;
    • thickness of dielectric 20: approximately 3 mm;
    • thickness of the resonator 12: approximately 0.5 mm;
    • diameter of the resonator 12, circular in shape: about 24 mm;
    • diameter of guide 10, cylindrical in shape: about 35 mm;
    • distance between the guide bottoms: approximately 40 mm.
  • . For the low frequency radiating element:
    • distance between each of the coaxial attacks 16 and 17 and the center of the resonator 13 of circular shape: approximately 22 mm;
    • thickness of the dielectric 21: approximately 3.3 mm;
    • thickness of the resonator 13: approximately 0.6 mm;
    • diameter of the resonator 13, of circular ring shape: approximately 52 mm for external diameter and approximately 25 mm for internal diameter;
    • diameter of the guide 11, of cylindrical shape: approximately 53.5 mm.

On peut alors obtenir les performances suivantes :

  • . Pour l'élément rayonnant fréquences hautes :
    • bande de fréquences : 1,5 % (exemple 6400 MHZ - 6500 MHZ) ;
    • adaptation TUS dans cette bande < 1,2 .
    • découplage des attaques coaxiales < -20dB ;
    • ellipticité avec coupleur hybride approprié < 0,5dB.
  • . Pour l'élément rayonnant fréquences basses :
    • bande de fréquences : 1,9 % (exemple 4160 MHZ - 4240 MHZ) ;
    • adaptation TOS dans cette bande < 1,2 ;
    • découplage des attaques coaxiales < -20dB ;
    • ellipticité avec coupleur hybride approprié < 0,5dB.
We can then obtain the following performances:
  • . For the high frequency radiating element:
    • frequency band: 1.5% (example 6400 MHZ - 6500 MHZ);
    • TUS adaptation in this band <1.2.
    • decoupling of coaxial attacks <-20dB;
    • ellipticity with appropriate hybrid coupler <0.5dB.
  • . For the low frequency radiating element:
    • frequency band: 1.9% (example 4160 MHZ - 4240 MHZ);
    • TOS adaptation in this band <1.2;
    • decoupling of coaxial attacks <-20dB;
    • ellipticity with appropriate hybrid coupler <0.5dB.

Comme représenté sur les figures 4, 5 et 6, l'une, l'autre ou les deux antennes sont constituées par un double résonateur ce qui permet d'augmenter la bande passante du dispositif.As shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6, one, the other or both antennas are constituted by a double resonator which allows to increase the bandwidth of the device.

Le premier guide d'onde 10 est excité aux fréquences hautes par deux disques concentriques 12 et 22 espacés par un diélectrique 23.The first waveguide 10 is excited at high frequencies by two concentric discs 12 and 22 spaced apart by a dielectric 23.

Le second guide d'onde 11 est excité aux fréquences basses par deux anneaux concentriques 13 et 24. Les deux anneaux étant réalisés dans la masse, aucun diélectrique n'est utilisé pour l'espacement.The second waveguide 11 is excited at low frequencies by two concentric rings 13 and 24. The two rings being made in the mass, no dielectric is used for spacing.

Comme représenté sur les figures 7, 8 et 9 l'une, l'autre ou les deux antennes sont constituées par un simple résonateur excité par quatre attaques coaxiales alimentées en quadrature (0°, ± 90°, ± 180°, ± 270°) par un dispositif composé d'un coupleur hybride 34 et de deux "souricières" ("Rat race" en anglais) ou anneaux hybrides, ou d'un coupleur hybride et de deux "Tés" adaptés. Chaque coupleur hybride, chaque "souricière" ou "Té" est équilibré (coupleur 3dB) et génère ainsi dans le guide d'onde des polarisations circulaires. Le coupleur hybride produit le quadrature de phase nécessaire à la polarisation circulaire. Les "souricières" ou "Tés", constituant en fait des dispositifs symétriseurs, peuvent, d'ailleurs, être remplacés par d'autres types de "balun" ("balance unit" en anglais) ou systèmes d'équilibrage.As shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9, one or the other or both antennas are constituted by a simple resonator excited by four coaxial attacks supplied in quadrature (0 °, ± 90 °, ± 180 °, ± 270 ° ) by a device composed of a hybrid coupler 34 and two "mousetraps"("Ratrace" in English) or hybrid rings, or a hybrid coupler and two "Tees" adapted. Each hybrid coupler, each "mousetrap" or "tee" is balanced (3dB coupler) and thus generates circular polarizations in the waveguide. The hybrid coupler produces the phase quadrature necessary for circular polarization. The "mousetraps" or "Tees", constituting in fact balancing devices, can, moreover, be replaced by other types of "balun"("balanceunit" in English) or balancing systems.

On a alors quatre attaques coaxiales 25, 26, 27 et 28 et un dispositif d'excitation 29 pour l'antenne hautes fréquences, quatre attaques coaxiales 30, 31, 32 et 33 et un dispositif d'excitation 34 pour l'antenne basses fréquences.We then have four coaxial attacks 25, 26, 27 and 28 and an excitation device 29 for the high frequency antenna, four coaxial attacks 30, 31, 32 and 33 and an excitation device 34 for the low frequency antenna .

Comme représenté sur la figure 10, le deuxième guide 11 peut également être réalisé par un réseau plan 40.As shown in FIG. 10, the second guide 11 can also be produced by a planar network 40.

Il est bien entendu que la présente invention n'a été décrite et représentée qu'à titre d'exemple préférentiel et que l'on pourra remplacer ses éléments constitutifs par des éléments équivalents sans, pour autant, sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is understood that the present invention has only been described and shown as a preferred example and that its constituent elements can be replaced by equivalent elements without, however, departing from the scope of the invention.

Le dispositif de l'invention peut comporter un résonateur pour chaque bande comme représenté sur les figures 1, 2 et 3, deux résonateurs pour chaque bande, comme représenté sur les figures 4, 5 et 6, un résonateur quatre attaques coaxiales, une excitation appropriée pour chaque bande comme représenté sur les figures 7, 8 et 9, mais il peut également comporter plus de deux résonateurs pour chaque bande : trois, quatre...The device of the invention can comprise a resonator for each band as shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, two resonators for each band, as shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, a resonator with four coaxial attacks, an appropriate excitation for each band as shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9, but it can also include more than two resonators for each band: three, four ...

Ces résonateurs ne sont pas forcément de forme circulaire : ils peuvent avoir une forme quelconque : circulaire, carrée, hexagonale, ou présenter des encoches ou accidents dissymétriques. Ils peuvent également présenter des évidements (surfaces non métallisées) de forme quelconque à l'intérieur de leur contour.These resonators are not necessarily circular in shape: they can have any shape: circular, square, hexagonal, or have notches or asymmetrical accidents. They may also have recesses (non-metallized surfaces) of any shape within their outline.

Ainsi les couches diélectriques 20, 21 et 23 de support de ces résonateurs 12, 13, 22 et 24 peuvent être remplacées partiellement ou totalement par d'autres types de supports (entretoises, colonnettes) en matière quelconque (conducteur ou isolant) connus de l'homme de l'art.Thus the dielectric layers 20, 21 and 23 for supporting these resonators 12, 13, 22 and 24 can be partially or totally replaced by other types of supports (spacers, columns) of any material (conductor or insulator) known from the skilled in the art.

Ainsi ces résonateurs peuvent être prolongés hors de leur plan ou dans leur plan par des pièces métalliques pouvant ou non entrer en contact électrique avec la paroi du guide. Ainsi les guides utilisés peuvent être de forme circulaire, carrée, mais aussi hexagonale, polygonale, elliptique ou autre. Ils peuvent présenter des accidents tels que surépaisseurs ou sillons dans le sens horizontal, oblique ou transversal, ou présenter des accidents locaux tels que pions, iris, fentes. Ils peuvent également être globalement ou localement évasés ou rétrécis, ou les deux successivement, selon une loi déterminée par exemple.So these resonators can be extended out of their plan or in their plane by metal parts which may or may not come into electrical contact with the wall of the guide. Thus, the guides used can be circular, square, but also hexagonal, polygonal, elliptical or other. They can present accidents such as excess thickness or furrows in the horizontal, oblique or transverse direction, or present local accidents such as pawns, iris, slots. They can also be globally or locally flared or narrowed, or both successively, according to a determined law for example.

Ainsi le dispositif de l'invention peut être alimenté par deux, par quatre mais aussi par un nombre plus grand d'accès, qui peuvent être connectés aux premiers résonateurs 12 et 13, mais aussi aux autres résonateurs 22, 24...Thus the device of the invention can be powered by two, by four but also by a greater number of accesses, which can be connected to the first resonators 12 and 13, but also to the other resonators 22, 24 ...

Claims (9)

  1. A two-frequency radiating device using two radiating elements (10, 11) and a discontinuity, the first radiating element (10) being a waveguide (10) which is excited in a first frequency range and which opens out into the second radiating element (11) which is excited in a second frequency range, said two elements (10, 11) having a common axis of symmetry, the first frequency range being higher than the second frequency range, the two radiating elements (10, 11) sharing the same radiating aperture, the device being characterized in that the first radiating element (10) is beyond cut-off compared with the second frequency range in order to decouple the signals radiated by said two elements (10, 11), and in that said radiating device further comprises a first source and a second source (12, 13), the first element (10) in the form of a resonant plate (12) being a waveguide excited by the first source and the second element (11) in the form of a resonant ring (13) being a waveguide excited by the second source, having its central portion electrically connected to the first waveguide (10); said resonant ring (13) constituting a flange on the first waveguide (10), with polarization being linear or circular.
  2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the antennas, respectively formed by the resonating plate (12) and by the resonating ring (13) are fed via coaxial feeds (14, 15, 16, 17).
  3. A device according to claim 2, characterized in that the matched coaxial feeds (14, 15; 16, 17) for each antenna (12, 13) are situated at 90° from each other relative to the center of the waveguides, each coaxial feed being fed in phase quadrature by a hybrid coupler (18, 19).
  4. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the higher frequency antenna (12) is separated from the end of the associated waveguide (10) by a dielectric (20), and in that the lower frequency antenna (13) is separated from the end of the associated waveguide (11) by a dielectric (21).
  5. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that both antennas are constituted by respective pairs of resonators, thereby enabling the passband of the device to be increased.
  6. A device according to claim 5, characterized in that the first waveguide (10) is excited at the higher frequencies by two concentric disks (12 and 22) spaced apart by a dielectric (23), and in that the second waveguide (11) is excited at the lower frequency by two concentric rings (13 and 24), with the two rings being integrally formed in the device.
  7. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the two antennas is constituted by a single resonator excited by four coaxial feeds (25, 26, 26, 28; 30, 31, 32, 33) fed in quadrature.
  8. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the second radiating element is a plane array (40).
  9. A two-frequency array antenna constituted by a plurality of two-frequency radiating devices according to any preceding claim.
EP89123208A 1988-12-26 1989-12-15 Dual frequency radiating device Expired - Lifetime EP0377155B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8817184 1988-12-26
FR8817184A FR2641133B1 (en) 1988-12-26 1988-12-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0377155A1 EP0377155A1 (en) 1990-07-11
EP0377155B1 true EP0377155B1 (en) 1994-09-21

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89123208A Expired - Lifetime EP0377155B1 (en) 1988-12-26 1989-12-15 Dual frequency radiating device

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US (1) US5001444A (en)
EP (1) EP0377155B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2953721B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2006291C (en)
DE (1) DE68918426T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2641133B1 (en)

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FR2668305B1 (en) * 1990-10-18 1992-12-04 Alcatel Espace DEVICE FOR SUPPLYING A RADIANT ELEMENT OPERATING IN DOUBLE POLARIZATION.
JP2526537B2 (en) * 1991-08-30 1996-08-21 日本電装株式会社 Pipe energy supply system
US5276457A (en) * 1992-02-14 1994-01-04 E-Systems, Inc. Integrated antenna-converter system in a unitary package
US5434585A (en) * 1992-11-20 1995-07-18 Gardiner Communications, Inc. Microwave antenna having a ground isolated feedhorn
TW344152B (en) * 1995-07-19 1998-11-01 Alps Electric Co Ltd Outdoor converter for receiving satellite broadcast
US6078297A (en) * 1998-03-25 2000-06-20 The Boeing Company Compact dual circularly polarized waveguide radiating element
KR100706614B1 (en) * 2005-09-29 2007-04-12 한국전자통신연구원 Antenna with high isolation
US7636063B2 (en) * 2005-12-02 2009-12-22 Eswarappa Channabasappa Compact broadband patch antenna
US8102330B1 (en) * 2009-05-14 2012-01-24 Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. Dual band circularly polarized feed
US8427382B2 (en) * 2010-07-29 2013-04-23 Raytheon Company Power combiner/divider for coupling N-coaxial input/outputs to a waveguide via a matching plate to provide minimized reflection
US9774069B2 (en) 2015-09-15 2017-09-26 Raytheon Company N-way coaxial-to-coaxial combiner/divider

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FR2118848B1 (en) * 1970-12-22 1974-03-22 Thomson Csf
US3731235A (en) * 1971-11-03 1973-05-01 Gte Sylvania Inc Dual polarized diplexer
US3864687A (en) * 1973-06-18 1975-02-04 Cubic Corp Coaxial horn antenna
FR2429504A1 (en) * 1978-06-19 1980-01-18 France Etat Wide band circularly polarised printed circuit dipole antenna - is mounted on dielectric support with backing reflector fixed to insulating sheet
US4434425A (en) * 1982-02-02 1984-02-28 Gte Products Corporation Multiple ring dipole array
FR2593644B1 (en) * 1986-01-28 1988-03-11 Alcatel Espace POLARIZATION AND FREQUENCY DUPLEXER DEVICE WITH THREE ACCESSES.
DE3634772A1 (en) * 1986-09-08 1988-03-17 Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh ANTENNA EXTENSION FOR AT LEAST TWO DIFFERENT FREQUENCY BANDS

Also Published As

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FR2641133B1 (en) 1991-05-17
JPH02222203A (en) 1990-09-05
DE68918426D1 (en) 1994-10-27
DE68918426T2 (en) 1995-01-19
CA2006291C (en) 1994-02-08
CA2006291A1 (en) 1990-06-26
FR2641133A1 (en) 1990-06-29
EP0377155A1 (en) 1990-07-11
US5001444A (en) 1991-03-19
JP2953721B2 (en) 1999-09-27

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