EP0377052B1 - Power element - Google Patents

Power element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0377052B1
EP0377052B1 EP89906486A EP89906486A EP0377052B1 EP 0377052 B1 EP0377052 B1 EP 0377052B1 EP 89906486 A EP89906486 A EP 89906486A EP 89906486 A EP89906486 A EP 89906486A EP 0377052 B1 EP0377052 B1 EP 0377052B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
transmission element
elastic
generatrix
force
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EP89906486A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0377052A1 (en
EP0377052A4 (en
Inventor
Jury Alfredovich Lebedev
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GORNO-ALTAISKY GOSUDARSTVENNY PEDAGOGICHESKY INSTITUT
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GORNO-ALTAISKY GOSUDARSTVENNY PEDAGOGICHESKY INSTITUT
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
    • E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
    • E21C37/10—Devices with expanding elastic casings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to mining, in particular to a power transmission element.
  • Hydraulic wedges are currently used extensively in mining and construction, the design of which has practically exhausted the possibility of further increasing the directional force developed by them without increasing the dimensions and weight.
  • the arrangement of the drive of the hydraulic wedge outside the bore or borehole also increases the weight of the hydraulic wedge, because the thickness of the walls of the hydraulic cylinder has to be increased when the pressure in its hydraulic system increases.
  • the arrangement of the working element of the hydraulic wedge only in the mouth part of the borehole or the bore significantly limits the area of application of the hydraulic wedge and the maximum splitting force, because the directional spread of the crack is only possible in the immediate vicinity of the working element, while the concentration of the load in the mouth of the borehole or the bore, splitting off of the object to be split on the surface cannot lead to the formation of a predetermined splitting plane.
  • a power transmission element which includes a housing divided along its longitudinal axis, inside which an elastic tubular chamber is arranged coaxially and two expanding inserts are accommodated, each of which is located on the side of the dividing line of the housing.
  • the insert In the plane perpendicular to the housing axis, the insert has a trapezoidal cross section, the larger base line of which rests on the elastic one Chamber supports, while the legs are supported on the inner wall of the housing.
  • the power transmission element contains two sockets, each of which is arranged a connector for supplying a working medium into the cavity of the elastic chamber. Each of the ends of the elastic chamber is between the neck and the socket.
  • a perforated tubular core is arranged in the cavity of the elastic chamber along its longitudinal axis.
  • Each of its ends is designed as a nozzle.
  • Each of the sockets represents a sleeve with an internal thread which is in engagement with an external thread of the support.
  • the frames are thus rigidly connected to one another by means of the tubular core.
  • the sockets are designed to hermetically seal the ends of the elastic chamber.
  • Efficiency is understood as the ratio of the force developed by the force transmission element in a predetermined direction to the force which is developed by the elastic chamber. Therefore, the known power transmission element has not been widely used to tear the monoliths off a solid of a natural stone, for example granite, since the force developed by the chamber is only limited, for example 10 MPa. For this reason, the force transmission element cannot develop any required force in the predetermined direction, ie in the direction perpendicular to the splitting plane. This can be explained by the fact that considerable axial loads that arise in the tubular core expand the latter. This has the result that a gap is formed between the end of the housing and the end of each of the sockets facing the elastic chamber. In this gap "flows out" of the Material of the elastic chamber, and the latter then tears.
  • the hermetic sealing of the ends of the elastic chamber is also weakened, which leads to leakage losses of the working fluid.
  • the size of the core can be reduced by increasing its cross-sectional area. However, this leads to a drastic increase in the dimensions and the metal intensity of the force element or in maintaining the previous dimensions of the force element in order to reduce the travel distance of the movable housing parts and to increase the specific pressure at the point of contact of the side surfaces of the inserts with the inner surface of the housing, what is undesirable because of the necessary use of special materials and lubricants.
  • the trapezoidal shape of the expanding inserts is not optimal because when the push-apart parts of the housing are pressed unevenly against the surface of the borehole or the bore, a gap is formed between the side surface of each insert and the inner surface of the housing, in which the material of the elastic chamber will "flow out".
  • the known power transmission element contains a housing divided along its longitudinal axis, inside of which a tubular elastic chamber is arranged coaxially.
  • Spreading inserts are accommodated in the housing, each of which lies on the side of the parting plane of the housing and in a plane perpendicular to the housing axis and has a trapezoidal cross section, the larger base line of which is supported on the elastic chamber, while the legs rest on the inner surface of the housing wall support.
  • the means for attaching each end of the elastic tubular chamber to the nozzle head is a sleeve which is rigidly connected to a socket which has a central channel for receiving the support, the cylindrical portion of which is associated with a conical portion, the generatrix of which is inclined at an angle Longitudinal axis of the sleeve, which corresponds to the angle of inclination of the generatrix of the control surface of the nozzle head, while the generator of the conical surface embodied in the socket has an angle of inclination to the longitudinal axis of the socket which corresponds to the angle of inclination of the generator of the other cone surface of the socket head.
  • Such a constructive design of the power transmission element ensures the expansion of its field of application, for example to detach large, high-strength natural stone monoliths from a solid one without being blasted, to drill holes in rocky massifs in order to assess the state of tension of the earth's crust, to prevent rock strikes, etc. by increasing the maximum of directed force developed by the kart transmission element, which is achieved by absorbing the axial force from the housing of the force transmission element, which represents the longitudinal component of the pressure of the working medium in the elastic chamber. Since the detachable housing parts absorb considerable axial loads during operation of the power transmission element, a prestressed construction of the power transmission element is created.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a power transmission element in which the structural design of the fastening means for the ends of the elastic tubular chamber ensures an increase in the operational reliability of the power transmission element while increasing the directional splitting force developed by it.
  • the power transmission element comprises the following: a housing divided along its longitudinal axis, in the interior of which a tubular elastic chamber is arranged coaxially, expanding inserts, each of which on the side of the parting plane of the housing and in a plane perpendicular to the housing axis lies and has a trapezoidal cross-section, the larger baseline of which supports the elastic chamber, while the legs are supported on the inner surface of the housing wall, two nozzles for supplying a working medium into the cavity of the elastic chamber and for venting the air from the latter, which nozzles on the side of the end faces of the housing are displaceable along its longitudinal axis are arranged, and a means for fastening each end of the elastic tubular chamber to the nozzle head, with two rotationally symmetrical parts which are detachably connected together and form a central channel, the axis of which coincides with the housing axis, the walls of the channel in one lie parallel to the housing axis and have the shape of two truncated cone
  • a ring recess is included, which is carried out on the inner surface of the housing and in which one of the rotationally symmetrical parts is partially accommodated, while annular recesses are provided on the end-face outer surface of the divided housing, in each of which at least one elastic ring is arranged.
  • the rotationally symmetrical parts are designed as two cylindrical bushings, which are located inside the housing in the ring rotation.
  • the two cylindrical bushings can be connected to one another by means of a pin-groove connection.
  • Such a design of the power transmission element leads to a reduction in dimensions and metal intensity thanks to the accommodation of the means for fastening the end of the elastic chamber in the ring recess, which is carried out on the inner surface of the wall of each of the detachable housing parts.
  • the design of the power transmission element according to the invention makes it possible to dispense with some elements, namely elastic conical rings, washers and sockets.
  • the end face of each of the bushings serves to prevent the formation of an annular micro-gap between the end faces of the expanding inserts and the detachable housing parts during the work of the power transmission element, which means the service life of the elastic tubular chamber elevated.
  • the nozzle Since the nozzle is longitudinally displaceable within the limits of the elasticity of the material of the elastic chamber, an additional self-sealing of the latter takes place when the pressurized working medium is fed into the elastic chamber.
  • the omission of the sockets leads to an increase in the path length of the detachable housing parts, which results in an increase in the working effectiveness of the power transmission element and an increase in efficiency.
  • Such a design of the power transmission element increases the path length of the detachable housing parts. The latter reduces the time it takes for the crack to develop in the direction of the predetermined splitting plane. Furthermore, the power transmission element according to the invention is advantageously characterized by the simplicity of the design, which makes it even more reliable. The increase in the wall thickness in each end part of the housing also increases the operational reliability of the power transmission element to an even greater extent.
  • the power transmission element according to the invention which is intended, for example, for the quarrying of natural stone quarries by tearing large monoliths off the solid after attaching a row of boreholes and subsequently producing blocks therefrom, contains a housing 1 (FIG. 1) divided along its longitudinal axis, inside of which a elastic tubular chamber 2 is arranged coaxially and spreading inserts 3 (Fig. 2) are housed, each of which lies on the side of the parting plane of the housing 1 and in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the housing 1 and has a trapezoidal cross section, the larger base line of which is supported on the elastic tubular chamber 2, while the legs are supported on the inner surface of the wall of the housing 1.
  • a means 5 for fastening each end of the elastic tubular chamber 2 to the head 6 of the connecting piece 4 is provided in the force transmission element.
  • This means 5 is formed by two cylindrical bushes 7 and 8, which are connected to one another by means of a pin-groove connection, are located within the housing 1 and form a central channel, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the housing 1.
  • the spigot-groove connection is understood to be the design of an annular collar on the cylindrical sleeve 8 and an annular groove on the cylindrical sleeve 7.
  • Each wall 9 and 10 of the channel represents the generatrix of a truncated cone in a plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing 1. Two truncated cones face each other with their larger base areas.
  • the channel wall 9 is substantially parallel to the generatrix 11 of the one conical surface of the head 6 of the nozzle 4, while the other channel wall 10 is essentially parallel to the generator 12 of the other conical surface of the head 6 of the nozzle.
  • the cylindrical bushes 7 and 8 are connected to one another by means of arranged fastening elements 13 (FIGS. 1 + 3).
  • a ring recess 14 (FIG. 1) is carried out, in which the cylindrical bushes 7 and 8 are inserted.
  • Elastic rings 16 are accommodated in annular recesses 15 on the outer surface of the divided housing 1.
  • Guide pins 17 (FIG. 3) are provided for a uniform displacement of the detachable parts of the housing 1 in the radial direction during the elastic deformation of the elastic tubular chamber.
  • the power transmission element works as follows.
  • a working medium is fed into the inner cavity of the elastic tubular chamber 2 via the connecting piece 4 (FIG. 1), the latter expands, the force on the detachable parts of the housing 1 directly by means of the elastic tubular chamber 2 as well is transmitted by means of the spreading inserts 3.
  • the nozzle 4 shifts in the longitudinal direction within the limits of the elasticity of the material of the elastic chamber 2, thereby ensuring the self-sealing of the ends of the elastic chamber 2, namely by clamping these ends between the conical surfaces of the head 6 of the support 4 and the conical surfaces of the cylindrical bushes 7 and 8.
  • each of the bushes 7 and 8 prevents the formation of an annular micro-gap between the end faces of the expanding inserts 3 and the detachable parts of the housing 1, thereby preventing the elastic chamber 2 from "flowing out".
  • this invention can be used to tear away large natural stone monoliths along a row of wells and subsequently produce blocks therefrom, to excavate mines in rock without blasting, to destroy foundations of old buildings and other solid foundations.
  • the force transmission element according to the invention can, when used in bores, to solve a slope that is difficult to break open when mining seam deposits, forcibly degassing coal seams, to break up oil-bearing and gas-bearing layers, to investigate the deformed stress state of a rock mass under natural conditions, as an efficient small-scale power drive for Execution organs of presses, jacks, frame shears and other devices where considerable directed forces have to be generated are used.
  • the power transmission element designed according to the invention develops a force of the order of 60,000 kp in the case of the poem of 1 kg, the diameter of ⁇ 30 mm and the length of 300 mm, the power developed by it, which is attributable to a unit of mass, around 5 to 10 times this value of the world peak patterns of the directional force generating devices.
  • So z. B. currently has Hydraulic wedge widely used in mining and construction, which develops a splitting force of up to 150 Mp in boreholes with a diameter of ⁇ 40-45 mm, a weight of 25 kg, while the force transmission element according to the invention for boreholes of the same diameter with the splitting force of 150 Mp 2 , Weighs 5 kg.
  • the power transmission element according to the invention is production-oriented, compact, requires no construction materials that are difficult to obtain and no complicated equipment for production, is characterized by simple operation and easy repairability.

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  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
  • Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Hall/Mr Elements (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
  • Feeding Of Articles To Conveyors (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/SU89/00101 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 18, 1990 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 18, 1990 PCT Filed Apr. 18, 1989 PCT Pub. No. WO89/11023 PCT Pub. Date Nov. 16, 1989.In a powered member, a device for attaching each end of a flexible tubular chamber to a head of a nipple is formed by a pair of cylindrical bushings interconnected by means of a tenon and mortise joint which are located in the casing and define a central passage having its axis aligned with the axis of the casing. Walls of the passage in a plane drawn in parallel with the longitudinal axis of the casing are in the form of a pair of truncated cones having their larger bases facing towards each other. One generatrix of the conical surface of the passage extends substantially in parallel with generatrix of one conical passage of the head of the nipple and the other generatrix of the passage extends substantially in parallel with the generatrix of the other conical passage of the head of the nipple.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf den Bergbau, insbesondere auf ein Kraftübertragungselement.The present invention relates to mining, in particular to a power transmission element.

Zur Zeit finden im Bergbau und im Bauwesen hydraulische Keile starke Verwendung, deren konstruktive Ausführung die Möglichkeit einer weiteren Erhöhung der von ihnen entwickelten gerichteten Kraft ohne Vergrößerung von Abmessungen und Gewicht praktisch erschöpft hat.Hydraulic wedges are currently used extensively in mining and construction, the design of which has practically exhausted the possibility of further increasing the directional force developed by them without increasing the dimensions and weight.

Außerdem erhöht die Anordnung des Antriebs des hydraulischen Keils außerhalb der Bohrung bzw. des Bohrlochs ebenfalls das Gewicht des hydraulischen Keils, weil die Dicke der Wände des Hydraulikzylinders bei Druckerhöhung in seinem Hydrauliksystem vergrößert werden muß.In addition, the arrangement of the drive of the hydraulic wedge outside the bore or borehole also increases the weight of the hydraulic wedge, because the thickness of the walls of the hydraulic cylinder has to be increased when the pressure in its hydraulic system increases.

Die Anordnung des Arbeitsorgans des hydraulischen Keils nur im Mundteil des Bohrlochs bzw. der Bohrung schränkt wesentlich das Einsatzgebiet der hydraulischen Keile und die maximale Speltungskraft ein, weil die gerichtete Ausbreitung des Risses nur in der unmittelbaren Nähe des Arbeitsorgans möglich ist, während die Konzentration der Belastung im Mund des Bohrlochs bzw. der Bohrung zu an der Oberfläche erfolgenden Abspaltungen des zu spaltenden Objektes nicht zur Bildung einer vorgegebenen Spaltungsebene führen kann.The arrangement of the working element of the hydraulic wedge only in the mouth part of the borehole or the bore significantly limits the area of application of the hydraulic wedge and the maximum splitting force, because the directional spread of the crack is only possible in the immediate vicinity of the working element, while the concentration of the load in the mouth of the borehole or the bore, splitting off of the object to be split on the surface cannot lead to the formation of a predetermined splitting plane.

Eine Vergrößerung der gerichteten Spaltungskraft wurde bei der Schaffung einer grundsätzlich neuen Konstruktion eines "Kraftübertragungselementes" möglich (nach SU-A-1,033,819).An increase in the directional splitting force was made possible by creating a fundamentally new construction of a "power transmission element" (according to SU-A-1,033,819).

Es ist ein Kraftübertragungselement bekannt, das ein entlang seiner Längsachse geteiltes Gehäuse einschließt, in dessen Innerem eine elastische rohrförmige Kammer koaxial angeordnet und zwei spreizende Einsätze untergebracht sind, von denen jeder sich auf der Seite der Teilungslinie des Gehäuses befindet. In der zur Gehäuseachse senkrechten Ebene weist der Einsatz einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt auf, dessen größere Grundlinie sich an der elastischen Kammer abstützt, wahrend sich die Schenkel an der Innenwand des Gehäuses abstützen. Außerdem enthalt das Kraftübertragungselement zwei Fassungen, wobei in jeder ein zur Zuführung eines Arbeitsmediums in den Hohlraum der elastischen Kammer bestimmter Stutzen angeordnet ist. Jedes der Enden der elastischen Kammer befindet sich zwischen dem Stutzen und der Fassung. Im Hohlraum der elastischen Kammer ist entlang ihrer Längsachse ein perforierter röhrenartiger Kern angeordnet. Jedes seiner Enden ist als Stutzen ausgebildet. Jede der Fassungen stellt eine Büchse mit einem Innengewinde dar, des mit einem Außengewinde des Stützens im Eingriff steht. Somit sind die Fassungen mittels des röhrenartigen Kernes starr miteinander verbunden. Die Fassungen sind zur hermetischen Abdichtung der Enden der elastischen Kammer bestimmt.A power transmission element is known which includes a housing divided along its longitudinal axis, inside which an elastic tubular chamber is arranged coaxially and two expanding inserts are accommodated, each of which is located on the side of the dividing line of the housing. In the plane perpendicular to the housing axis, the insert has a trapezoidal cross section, the larger base line of which rests on the elastic one Chamber supports, while the legs are supported on the inner wall of the housing. In addition, the power transmission element contains two sockets, each of which is arranged a connector for supplying a working medium into the cavity of the elastic chamber. Each of the ends of the elastic chamber is between the neck and the socket. A perforated tubular core is arranged in the cavity of the elastic chamber along its longitudinal axis. Each of its ends is designed as a nozzle. Each of the sockets represents a sleeve with an internal thread which is in engagement with an external thread of the support. The frames are thus rigidly connected to one another by means of the tubular core. The sockets are designed to hermetically seal the ends of the elastic chamber.

Bei der Zuführung des unter Druck stehenden Arbeitsmediums in den Innenraum der elastischen Kammer findet eine Verbreiterung der Gehauseteile sowohl durch die elastische Kammer, als such durch die spreizenden Einsatze statt. Machteilig bei dem bekannten Kraftübertragungselement ist dessen niedriger Wirkungsgrad.When the pressurized working medium is fed into the interior of the elastic chamber, the housing parts are widened both by the elastic chamber and by the spreading inserts. Part of the problem with the known power transmission element is its low efficiency.

Unter dem Wirkungsgrad wird das Verhältnis der vom Kraftübertragungselement in einer vorgegebenen Richtung entwickelten Kraft zur Kraft verstanden, die von der elastischen Kammer entwickelt wird. Daher hat das bekannte Kraftübertragungselement keine breite Anwendung beim Losreißen der Monolithe von einem Massiv eines Natursteins, z.B. Granit, gefunden, da die Kraft, die von der Kammer entwickelt wird, nur begrenzt ist, z.B. 10 MPa. Deswegen kann das Kraftübertragungselement keine erforderliche Kraft in der vorgegebenen Richtung, d. h. in der zur Abspaltungsebene senkrechten Richtung, entwickeln. Dies erklärt sich dadurch, daß erhebliche axiale Belastungen, die im röhrenartigen Kern entstehen, den letzteren ausdehnen. Dies hat zur Folge, daß zwischen dem Stirnende des Gehäuses und dem der elastischen Kammer zugekehrten Stirnende jeder der Fassungen ein Spalt entsteht. In diesen Spalt erfolgt ein "Ausfließen" des Materials der elastischen Kammer, und es kommt dann zum Riß der letzteren. Infolge der Ausdehnung des Kerns wird überdies die hermetische Abdichtung der Stirnenden der elastischen Kammer geschwächt, was zu Leckverlusten des Arbeitsmittels führt. Man kann die Ausdehnung des Kernes durch Vergrößerung seiner Querschnitttsfläche vermindern. Dies führt aber zu einer drastischen Zunahme der Abmessungen und der Metallintensität dem Kraftelementes oder bei der Aufrechterhaltung der früheren Abmessungen des Kraftelementes zur Verringerung des Arbeitsweges der beweglichen Gehäuseteile und zum Anstieg des spezifischen Drucks an der Berührungsstelle der Seitenflächen der Einsätze mit der Innenfläche des Gehäuses, was wegen der notwendigen Verwendung spezieller Materialien und Schmierstoffe unerwünscht ist. Es sei auch bemerkt, daß die trapezförmige Gestalt der spreizenden Einsätze nicht optimal ist, weil bei einem ungleichmäßigen Andrücken der auseinanderschiebbaren Teile des Gehäuses an der Oberfläche des Bohrlochs oder der Bohrung ein Spalt zwischen der Seitenfläche jedes Einsatzes und der Innenfläche des Gehäuses entsteht, in welchen das Material der elastischen Kammer "ausfließen" wird.Efficiency is understood as the ratio of the force developed by the force transmission element in a predetermined direction to the force which is developed by the elastic chamber. Therefore, the known power transmission element has not been widely used to tear the monoliths off a solid of a natural stone, for example granite, since the force developed by the chamber is only limited, for example 10 MPa. For this reason, the force transmission element cannot develop any required force in the predetermined direction, ie in the direction perpendicular to the splitting plane. This can be explained by the fact that considerable axial loads that arise in the tubular core expand the latter. This has the result that a gap is formed between the end of the housing and the end of each of the sockets facing the elastic chamber. In this gap "flows out" of the Material of the elastic chamber, and the latter then tears. As a result of the expansion of the core, the hermetic sealing of the ends of the elastic chamber is also weakened, which leads to leakage losses of the working fluid. The size of the core can be reduced by increasing its cross-sectional area. However, this leads to a drastic increase in the dimensions and the metal intensity of the force element or in maintaining the previous dimensions of the force element in order to reduce the travel distance of the movable housing parts and to increase the specific pressure at the point of contact of the side surfaces of the inserts with the inner surface of the housing, what is undesirable because of the necessary use of special materials and lubricants. It should also be noted that the trapezoidal shape of the expanding inserts is not optimal because when the push-apart parts of the housing are pressed unevenly against the surface of the borehole or the bore, a gap is formed between the side surface of each insert and the inner surface of the housing, in which the material of the elastic chamber will "flow out".

Die Notwendigkeit einer Erhöhung des Arbeitsmediumdrucks in der elastischen rohrförmigen Kammer, die mit der Zunahme der gerichteten Spaltungskraft zusammenhängt, führte zur Schaffung eines "Kraftübertragungselementes" (nach US-A-4,690,460).The need to increase the working medium pressure in the elastic tubular chamber, which is related to the increase in the directional splitting force, led to the creation of a "power transmission element" (according to US-A-4,690,460).

Das bekannte Kraftübertragungselement enthält ein entlang seiner Längsachse geteiltes Gehäuse, in dessen Innerem eine rohrförmige elastische Kammer koaxial angeordnet ist. Im Gehäuse sind spreizende Einsätze untergebracht, von denen jeder auf der Seite der Teilungsebene des Gehäuses und in einer zur Gehäuseachse senkrechten Ebene liegt und einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt aufweist, dessen größere Grundlinie sich an der elastischen Kammer abstützt, während sich die Schenkel an der Innenflache der Gehausewand abstützen. Es sind zwei Stutzen zur Zuführung des Arbeitsmediums in den Hohlraum der elastischen Kammer und zum Ablassen der Luft aus der letzteren, welche Stutzen auf der Seite der Stirnflachen des Gehäuses verschiebbar entlang seiner Langsachse angeordnet sind, sowie ein Mittel zur Befestigung jedes Endes der elastischen Kammer am Stutzenkopf vorgesehen. Das Mittel zur Befestigung jedes Endes der elastischen rohrförmigen Kammer am Stutzenkopf stellt eine Büchse dar, die mit einer Fassung starr verbunden ist, welche einen zentralen Kanal für die Aufnahme des Stützens aufweist, dessen zylindrischer Abschnitt einem konischen Abschnitt zugeordnet ist, dessen Erzeugende einen Neigungswinkel zur Langsachse der Büchse hat, der dem Neigungswinkel der Erzeugenden der Regelflache des Stutzenkopfes entspricht, wahrend die Erzeugende der in der Fassung ausgeführten Kegelflache einen Neigungswinkel zur Langsachse der Fassung hat, der dem Neigungswinkel der Erzeugenden der anderen Kegelflache des Stutzenkopfes entspricht.The known power transmission element contains a housing divided along its longitudinal axis, inside of which a tubular elastic chamber is arranged coaxially. Spreading inserts are accommodated in the housing, each of which lies on the side of the parting plane of the housing and in a plane perpendicular to the housing axis and has a trapezoidal cross section, the larger base line of which is supported on the elastic chamber, while the legs rest on the inner surface of the housing wall support. There are two nozzles for feeding the working medium into the cavity elastic chamber and for releasing the air from the latter, which nozzles are arranged on the side of the end faces of the housing displaceably along its longitudinal axis, and a means for fastening each end of the elastic chamber to the nozzle head. The means for attaching each end of the elastic tubular chamber to the nozzle head is a sleeve which is rigidly connected to a socket which has a central channel for receiving the support, the cylindrical portion of which is associated with a conical portion, the generatrix of which is inclined at an angle Longitudinal axis of the sleeve, which corresponds to the angle of inclination of the generatrix of the control surface of the nozzle head, while the generator of the conical surface embodied in the socket has an angle of inclination to the longitudinal axis of the socket which corresponds to the angle of inclination of the generator of the other cone surface of the socket head.

Eine solche konstruktive Ausführung des Kraftubertragungselementes gewährleistet die Erweiterung seines Einsatzgebietes beispielsweise zum Ablösen großer Natursteinmonolithe hoher Festigkeit von einem massiv ohne Sprengung, zum Aufbruch von Bohrungen in felsigen Massiven zwecks Einschätzung des Spannungszustandes der Erdkruste, zum Vorbeugen von Gebirgsschlagen usw. dank Vergrößerung der maximalen, von dem Krartübertragungselement entwickelten gerichteten Kraft, die durch die Aufnahme der Axialkraft vom Gehäuse des Kraftübertragungselementes erzielt wird, welche die Längskomponente des Drucks des Arbeitsmediums in der elastischen Kammer darstellt. Da die lösbaren Gehauseteile während des Betriebs des Kraftübertragungselementes beträchtliche axiale Belastungen aufnehmen, wird eine vorgespannte Konstruktion des Kraftübertragungselementes geschaffen. Dies schließt das Auftreten von plastischen Verformungen im Gehäuse aus, wodurch die Zuverlässigkeit und Lebensdauer des Kraftübertragungselementes erhöht wird. Durch Erhöhung der Längssteifigkeit des Kraftübertragungselementes steigt dessen Betriebszuverlässigkeit bei erheblicher Erhöhung des Arbeitsmediumdrucks in der elastischen Kammer, weil die bei hohen Drücken zwischen dem Gehäuse und den Flanschen der Fassungen entstehenden Mikrospalte verringert werden. Außerdem werden die Mikrospalte durch Verbreiterung von die elastische rohrförmige Kammer umfassenden elastischen Elementen Kompensiert, von denen jedes in einer an der Innenfläche des Gehäuses ausgeführten Ringeindrehung angeordnet ist. Jedes der elastischen Elemente kontaktiert mit dem Stirnende der Fassung, der Oberfläche der Ringeindrehung und der Stirnseite des spreizenden Einsatzes. Dies schließt ein "Ausfließen" des Materials der elastischen Kammer in die Spalte aus und erhöht demzufolge wesentlich die Betriebszuverlässigkeit des Kraftübertragungselementes bei hohen Drücken des Arbeitsmediums in der elatischen Kammer von über 100 MPa.Such a constructive design of the power transmission element ensures the expansion of its field of application, for example to detach large, high-strength natural stone monoliths from a solid one without being blasted, to drill holes in rocky massifs in order to assess the state of tension of the earth's crust, to prevent rock strikes, etc. by increasing the maximum of directed force developed by the kart transmission element, which is achieved by absorbing the axial force from the housing of the force transmission element, which represents the longitudinal component of the pressure of the working medium in the elastic chamber. Since the detachable housing parts absorb considerable axial loads during operation of the power transmission element, a prestressed construction of the power transmission element is created. This excludes the occurrence of plastic deformations in the housing, which increases the reliability and service life of the power transmission element. By increasing the longitudinal rigidity of the power transmission element, its operational reliability increases with a significant increase of the working medium pressure in the elastic chamber, because the micro-gaps which arise at high pressures between the housing and the flanges of the sockets are reduced. In addition, the microgaps are compensated for by widening elastic elements comprising the elastic tubular chamber, each of which is arranged in a ring recess made on the inner surface of the housing. Each of the elastic elements contacts the face of the socket, the surface of the ring recess and the face of the expanding insert. This precludes the "leakage" of the material of the elastic chamber into the gaps and consequently significantly increases the operational reliability of the force transmission element at high pressures of the working medium in the elastic chamber of over 100 MPa.

Diese konstruktive Ausführung des Kraftübertragungselementes bedingt allerding einen begrenzten Weg der lösbaren Gehauseteile, was die Leistung des Kraftübertragungselementes herabsetzt, die gerichtete Spaltungskraft vermindert und die Länge des Kraftübertragungselementes und folglich sein Gewicht vergrößert.This structural design of the power transmission element, however, requires a limited path of the detachable housing parts, which reduces the power of the power transmission element, reduces the directional splitting force and increases the length of the power transmission element and consequently its weight.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Kraftübertragungselement zu schaffen, bei dem die konstruktive Ausführung des Befestigungsmittels für die Enden der elastischen rohrförmigen Kammer eine Erhöhung der Betriebszuverlässigkeit des Kraftübertragungselementes bei Vergrößerung der von ihm entwickelten gerichteten Spaltungskraft gewährleistet.The invention has for its object to provide a power transmission element in which the structural design of the fastening means for the ends of the elastic tubular chamber ensures an increase in the operational reliability of the power transmission element while increasing the directional splitting force developed by it.

Die Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß das Kraftübertragungselement nachfolgendes umfaßt: ein entlang seiner Langsachse geteiltes Gehäuse, in dessen Innerem eine rohrförmige elastische Kammer koaxial angeordnet ist, spreizende Einsätze, von denen jeder auf der Seite der Teilungsebene des Gehäuses und in einer zur Gehäuseachse senkrechten Ebene liegt und einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt besitzt , dessen größere Grundlinie sich an der elastischen Kammer abstützt, wahrend sich die Schenkel an der Innenfläche der Gehäusewand abstützen, zwei Stutzen zur Zuführung eines Arbeitsmediums in den Hohlraum der elastischen Kammer und zum Ablassen der Luft aus der letzteren, welche Stutzen auf der Seite der Stirnflachen des Gehäuses verschiebbar entlang seiner Langsachse angeordnet sind, und ein Mittel zur Befestigung eines jeden Endes der elastischen rohrförmigen Kammer am Stutzenkopf, mit zwei rotations symmetrischen Teilen, die miteinander losbar verbunden sind, und einen zentralen Kanal bilden, dessen Achse mit der Gehäuseachse zusammenfällt, wobei die Wände des Kanals in einer zur Gehäuseachse parallelen Ebene liegen und die Form von zwei abgestumpften Kegeln besitzen, die mit ihren größeren Grundflächen einander zugekehrt sind, und wobei die Erzeugende der Kegelfläche des Kanals zur Erzeugenden einer Kegelfläche des Stutzenkopfes im wesentlichen parallel ist, während die andere Erzeugende des Kanals zur Erzeugenden der anderen Kegelfläche des Stutzenkopfes im wesentlichen parallel ist.The object is achieved in that the power transmission element comprises the following: a housing divided along its longitudinal axis, in the interior of which a tubular elastic chamber is arranged coaxially, expanding inserts, each of which on the side of the parting plane of the housing and in a plane perpendicular to the housing axis lies and has a trapezoidal cross-section, the larger baseline of which supports the elastic chamber, while the legs are supported on the inner surface of the housing wall, two nozzles for supplying a working medium into the cavity of the elastic chamber and for venting the air from the latter, which nozzles on the side of the end faces of the housing are displaceable along its longitudinal axis are arranged, and a means for fastening each end of the elastic tubular chamber to the nozzle head, with two rotationally symmetrical parts which are detachably connected together and form a central channel, the axis of which coincides with the housing axis, the walls of the channel in one lie parallel to the housing axis and have the shape of two truncated cones, which face each other with their larger base areas, and wherein the generatrix of the conical surface of the channel is substantially parallel to producing a conical surface of the nozzle head, while the other generatrix of the channel z ur generating the other conical surface of the nozzle head is substantially parallel.

Zudem ist eine Ringeindrehung enthalten, die an der Innenfläche des Gehäuses ausgeführt ist und in der eines der rotations-symmetrischen Teile teilweise aufgenommen ist, während ringförmige Ausnehmungen auf der stirnendigen Außenfläche des geteilten Gehäuses vorgesehen, in denen mindestens jeweils ein elastischer Ring angeordnet ist.In addition, a ring recess is included, which is carried out on the inner surface of the housing and in which one of the rotationally symmetrical parts is partially accommodated, while annular recesses are provided on the end-face outer surface of the divided housing, in each of which at least one elastic ring is arranged.

Erfindungswesentlich ist dabei, daß die rotationssymmetrischen Teile als zwei zylindrische Buchsen ausgebildet sind, die sich innerhalb des Gehäuses in der Ringeindrehung befinden. Die beiden zylindrischen Buchsen können dabei mittels einer Zapfen-Nut-Verbindung miteinander verbunden sein.It is essential to the invention that the rotationally symmetrical parts are designed as two cylindrical bushings, which are located inside the housing in the ring rotation. The two cylindrical bushings can be connected to one another by means of a pin-groove connection.

Eine derartige konstruktive Ausführung des Kraftübertragungselementes führt zur Verringerung der Abmessungen und der Metallintensität dank der Unterbringung des Mittels zur Befestigung des Endes der elastischen Kammer in der Ringeindrehung, die an der Innenflache der Wand von jedem der lösbaren Gehäuseteile ausgeführt ist. Die erfindungsgemäße Ausführung des Kraftübertragungselementes erlaubt es, auf einige Elemente zu verzichten, nämlich auf elastische Ringe kegeliger Form, auf Scheiben und Fassungen. Die Stirnflache jeder der Büchsen dient während der Arbeit des Kraftübertragungselementes zur Verhinderung der Bildung eines ringförmigen Mikrospaltes zwischen den Stirnseiten der spreizenden Einsatze und den lösbaren Gehauseteile, was die Lebensdauer der elastischen rohrförmigen Kammer bedeutend erhöht. Da der Stutzen in den Grenzen der Elastizität des Materials der elastischen Kammer längsverschiebbar ist, findet bei der Zuführung des unter Druck stehenden Arbeitsmediums in die elastische Kammer eine zusätzliche Selbstdichtung der letzteren statt. Je höher der Druck im Innenhohlraum der Kammer ist, desto stärker sind ihre Enden zwischen der Kegelfläche des Stutzenkopfes und den entsprechenden Kegelflächen der zylindrischen Büchsen eingespannt. Dies gestattet es, ein Undichtwerden des Hohlraumes der elastischen Kammer bei hohen Drücken zu vermeiden.Such a design of the power transmission element leads to a reduction in dimensions and metal intensity thanks to the accommodation of the means for fastening the end of the elastic chamber in the ring recess, which is carried out on the inner surface of the wall of each of the detachable housing parts. The design of the power transmission element according to the invention makes it possible to dispense with some elements, namely elastic conical rings, washers and sockets. The end face of each of the bushings serves to prevent the formation of an annular micro-gap between the end faces of the expanding inserts and the detachable housing parts during the work of the power transmission element, which means the service life of the elastic tubular chamber elevated. Since the nozzle is longitudinally displaceable within the limits of the elasticity of the material of the elastic chamber, an additional self-sealing of the latter takes place when the pressurized working medium is fed into the elastic chamber. The higher the pressure in the inner cavity of the chamber, the stronger its ends are clamped between the conical surface of the nozzle head and the corresponding conical surfaces of the cylindrical bushes. This allows the cavity of the elastic chamber to be prevented from leaking at high pressures.

Der Verzicht auf die Fassungen fuhrt zur Vergrößerung der Weglänge der lösbaren Gehauseteile, was eine Erhöhung der Arbeitseffektivität des Kraftübertragungselementes und eine Steigerung des Wirkungsgrades zur Folge hat.The omission of the sockets leads to an increase in the path length of the detachable housing parts, which results in an increase in the working effectiveness of the power transmission element and an increase in efficiency.

Eine solche konstruktive Ausführung des Kraftübertragungselementes vergrößert die Weglänge der lösbaren Gehäuseteile. Letzteres verringert die Zeit der Rißentwicklung in Richtung der vorgegebenen Spalungsebene. Des weiteren zeichnet sich das erfindungsgemäße Kraftübertragungselement vorteilhaft durch die Einfachheit der konstruktiven Ausführung aus, was dieses noch betriebssicherer macht. Die Vergrößerung der Wanddicke in jedem stirnseitigen Teil dem Gehäuses erhöht außerdem in einem noch starkeren Maße die Betriebszuverlässigkeit des Kraftübertragungselementes.Such a design of the power transmission element increases the path length of the detachable housing parts. The latter reduces the time it takes for the crack to develop in the direction of the predetermined splitting plane. Furthermore, the power transmission element according to the invention is advantageously characterized by the simplicity of the design, which makes it even more reliable. The increase in the wall thickness in each end part of the housing also increases the operational reliability of the power transmission element to an even greater extent.

Die Verringerung der Anzahl von Einzelteilen, aus denen sich das Kraftübertragungselement zusammensetzt, verkürzt die Zeit seiner Vorbereitung auf die Arbeit und gewährleistet eine leichte Reparierbarkeit.Reducing the number of individual parts that make up the power transmission element shortens the time it takes to prepare for work and ensures easy repairability.

Es ist zweckmäßig, die zwei zylindrischen Buchsen mittels axial angeordneter Befestigungselemente miteinander zu verbinden.It is expedient to connect the two cylindrical bushings to one another by means of axially arranged fastening elements.

Diese konstruktive Ausführung des Kraftübertragungselementes erhöht die Betriebszuverlässigkeit desselben, weil bei Drucksteigerung eine Langsverschiebung der Buchsen in den Grenzen der Elastizitat des Materials der Befestigungselemente erfolgt und der bei der Ausdehnung der lösbaren Gehäuseteile entstehende ringförmige Mikrospalt durch Andrücken der Stirnseiten der Büchsen an die Wände der Ringeindrehungen des Gehäuses kompensiert wird.This constructive design of the power transmission element increases the operational reliability of the same, because when the pressure increases, a longitudinal displacement of the bushings within the limits of the elasticity of the material the fastening elements take place and the annular micro-gap which arises during the expansion of the detachable housing parts is compensated for by pressing the end faces of the bushes against the walls of the screwed rings of the housing.

Andere Ziele und Vorteile der Erfindung sind aus dem nachfolgenden konkreten Ausführungsbeispiel und aus den Zeichnungen ersichtlich. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 schematische Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftübertragungselementes mit teilweisem Langschnitt;
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt nach Linie II - II der Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt nach Linie III - III der Fig. 1.
Other objects and advantages of the invention can be seen from the following specific exemplary embodiment and from the drawings. Show it:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the power transmission element according to the invention with a partial long section.
  • Figure 2 is a section along line II - II of Fig. 1.
  • 3 shows a section along line III-III of FIG. 1.

Das erfindungsgemäße Kraftübertragungselement, das beispielsweise zum Abbau von Natursteinbrüchen durch nach Anbringen einer Bohrlochzeile erfolgende m Losreißen großer Monolithe vom Massiv und nachfolgendem Herstellen von Blöcken aus denselben bestimmt ist, enthält ein entlang seiner Längsachse geteiltes Gehäuse 1 (Fig. 1), in dessen Innerem eine elastische rohrförmige Kammer 2 koaxial angeordnet ist und spreizende Einsätze 3 (Fig. 2) untergebracht sind, von denen jeder auf der Seite der Teilungsebene des Gehäuses 1 und in einer zur Achse des Gehäuses 1 senkrechten Ebene liegt und einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt besitzt, dessen größere Grundlinie sich an der elastischen rohrförmigen Kammer 2 abstützt, während sich die Schenkel an der Innenfläche der Wand des Gehäuses 1 abstützen. Es sind zwei Stutzen 4 (Fig. 1) zur Zuführung eines Arbeitsmediums in den Hohlraum der elastischen rohrförmigen Kammer 2 und zum Ablassen der Luft aus der letzteren vorgesehen, wobei die Stutzen auf der Seite der Stirnflächen des Gehäuses 1 verschiebbar entlang seiner Längsachse angeordnet sind. Im Kraftübertragungselement ist ein Mittel 5 zur Befestigung jedes Endes der elastischen rohrförmigen Kammer 2 am Kopf 6 des Stutzens 4 vorgesehen. Dieses Mittel 5 ist durch zwei zylindrische Büchsen 7 und 8 gebildet, die mittels einer Zapfen-Nut-Verbindung miteinander verbunden sind, sich innerhalb des Gehäuses 1 befinden und einen zentralen Kanal bilden, dessen Achse mit der Achse des Gehäuses 1 zusammenfällt. Unter der ZapfenNut-Verbindung wird die Ausführung eines Ringbundes an der zylindrischen Büchse 8 und einer Ringnut an der zylindrischen Büchse 7 verstanden. Jede Wand 9 und 10 des Kanals stellt in einer zur Längsachse des Gehäuses 1 parallelen Ebene die Erzeugende eines abgestumpften Kegels dar. Zwei abgestumpfte Kegel sind mit ihren größeren Grundflächen einander zugekehrt. Die Kanalwand 9 ist zur Erzeugenden 11 der einen Kegelfläche des Kopfes 6 des Stutzens 4 im wesentlichen parallel, während die andere Kanalwand 10 zur Erzeugenden 12 der anderen Kegelfläche des Kopfes 6 des Stutzens im wesentlichen parallel ist. Die zylindrischen Büchsen 7 und 8 sind mittels angeordneter Befestigungselemente 13 (Fig. 1+3) miteinander verbunden. Im Gehäuse 1 ist eine Ringeindrehung 14 (Fig. 1) ausgeführt, in welcher die zylindrischen Büchsen 7 und 8 eingesetzt sind. In ringförmigen Ausnehmungen 15 auf der Außenfläche des geteilten Gehäuses 1 sind elastische Ringe 16 untergebracht. Für eine gleichmäßige Verschiebung der lösbaren Teile des Gehäuses 1 in radialer Richtung bei der elastischen Verformung der elastischen rohrförmigen Kammer sind Führungsstifte 17 (Fig. 3) vorgesehen.The power transmission element according to the invention, which is intended, for example, for the quarrying of natural stone quarries by tearing large monoliths off the solid after attaching a row of boreholes and subsequently producing blocks therefrom, contains a housing 1 (FIG. 1) divided along its longitudinal axis, inside of which a elastic tubular chamber 2 is arranged coaxially and spreading inserts 3 (Fig. 2) are housed, each of which lies on the side of the parting plane of the housing 1 and in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the housing 1 and has a trapezoidal cross section, the larger base line of which is supported on the elastic tubular chamber 2, while the legs are supported on the inner surface of the wall of the housing 1. There are two nozzles 4 (Fig. 1) for supplying a working medium into the cavity of the elastic tubular chamber 2 and for venting the air from the latter, the nozzles on the end faces of the housing 1 being arranged displaceably along its longitudinal axis. A means 5 for fastening each end of the elastic tubular chamber 2 to the head 6 of the connecting piece 4 is provided in the force transmission element. This means 5 is formed by two cylindrical bushes 7 and 8, which are connected to one another by means of a pin-groove connection, are located within the housing 1 and form a central channel, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the housing 1. The spigot-groove connection is understood to be the design of an annular collar on the cylindrical sleeve 8 and an annular groove on the cylindrical sleeve 7. Each wall 9 and 10 of the channel represents the generatrix of a truncated cone in a plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing 1. Two truncated cones face each other with their larger base areas. The channel wall 9 is substantially parallel to the generatrix 11 of the one conical surface of the head 6 of the nozzle 4, while the other channel wall 10 is essentially parallel to the generator 12 of the other conical surface of the head 6 of the nozzle. The cylindrical bushes 7 and 8 are connected to one another by means of arranged fastening elements 13 (FIGS. 1 + 3). In the housing 1, a ring recess 14 (FIG. 1) is carried out, in which the cylindrical bushes 7 and 8 are inserted. Elastic rings 16 are accommodated in annular recesses 15 on the outer surface of the divided housing 1. Guide pins 17 (FIG. 3) are provided for a uniform displacement of the detachable parts of the housing 1 in the radial direction during the elastic deformation of the elastic tubular chamber.

Das Kraftübertragungselement arbeitet folgenderweise. Bei der über den Stutzen 4 (Fig. 1) erfolgenden Zuführung eines Arbeitsmediums in den Innenhohlraum der elastischen rohrförmigen Kammer 2 findet eine Ausdehnung der letzteren statt, wobei die Kraft auf die lösbaren Teile des Gehäuses 1 unmittelbar sowohl mittels der elastischen rohrförmigen Kammer 2 als auch mittels der spreizenden Einsätze 3 übertragen wird. Unter der Wirkung des Arbeitsmediums im Hohlraum der elastischen rohrförmigen Kammer 2 verschiebt sich der Stutzen 4 in der Längsrichtung in den Grenzen der Elastizität des Materials der elastischen Kammer 2, indem er hierdurch die Selbstdichtung der Enden der elastischen Kammer 2 gewährleistet, namlich durch Einspannen dieser Enden zwischen den Kegelflachen des Kopfes 6 des Stützens 4 und den Kegelflachen der zylindrischen Buchsen 7 and 8. Die Stirnflache jeder der Büchsen 7 und 8 verhindert die Bildung eines ringförmigen Mikrospaltes zwischen den Stirnseiten der spreizenden Einsatze 3 und den Iösbaren Teilen des Gehäuses 1, wodurch einem "Ausfließen" der elastischen Kammer 2 vorgebeugt wird. Bei der Senkung des Betriebsdrucks auf Mull kehren alle beweglichen Teile des Kraftübertragungselementes unter Einwirkung der elastischen Ringe 16 in die Ursprungsstellung zurück.The power transmission element works as follows. When a working medium is fed into the inner cavity of the elastic tubular chamber 2 via the connecting piece 4 (FIG. 1), the latter expands, the force on the detachable parts of the housing 1 directly by means of the elastic tubular chamber 2 as well is transmitted by means of the spreading inserts 3. Under the action of the working medium in the cavity of the elastic tubular chamber 2, the nozzle 4 shifts in the longitudinal direction within the limits of the elasticity of the material of the elastic chamber 2, thereby ensuring the self-sealing of the ends of the elastic chamber 2, namely by clamping these ends between the conical surfaces of the head 6 of the support 4 and the conical surfaces of the cylindrical bushes 7 and 8. The end face of each of the bushes 7 and 8 prevents the formation of an annular micro-gap between the end faces of the expanding inserts 3 and the detachable parts of the housing 1, thereby preventing the elastic chamber 2 from "flowing out". When the operating pressure on gauze is reduced, all moving parts of the force transmission element return to the original position under the action of the elastic rings 16.

Am erfolgreichsten kann diese Erfindung zum Losreißen großer Natursteinmonolithe langs einer Bohrlochzeile und zum nachfolgenden Herstellen von Blöcken aus denselben, zum Auffahren von Grubenbau in Felsgesteinen ohne Sprengung, beim Zerstören von Fundamenten alter Gebäude und anderer fester Gründungen angewendet werden. Das erfindungsgemaße Kraftübertragungselement kann bei dessen Einsatz in Bohrungen zur Lösung eines schwer aufzubrechenden Hangendes beim Abbau von Flözlagerstatten, zur zwangsweisen Entgasung von Kohlenflözen, zum Aufbrechen von erdölführenden und gasführenden Schichten, zur Untersuchung des verformten Spannungszustandes eines Gesteinsmassivs unter natürlichen Verhältnissen, als leistungsfahiger Kleinbauender Kraftantrieb für Ausführungsorgane von Pressen, Hebeböcken, Rahmenscheren und anderen Einrichtungen, wo erhebliche gerichtete Kräfte erzeugt werden müssen, Verwendung finden.Most successfully, this invention can be used to tear away large natural stone monoliths along a row of wells and subsequently produce blocks therefrom, to excavate mines in rock without blasting, to destroy foundations of old buildings and other solid foundations. The force transmission element according to the invention can, when used in bores, to solve a slope that is difficult to break open when mining seam deposits, forcibly degassing coal seams, to break up oil-bearing and gas-bearing layers, to investigate the deformed stress state of a rock mass under natural conditions, as an efficient small-scale power drive for Execution organs of presses, jacks, frame shears and other devices where considerable directed forces have to be generated are used.

Das gemäß der Erfindung ausgeführte Kraftübertragungselement entwickelt bei dem Gedicht von 1 kg, dem Durchmesser von φ 30 mm und der Länge von 300 mm eine Kraft in der Größenordnung von 60 000 kp, wobei die von ihm entwickelte Leistung, die auf eine Masseneinheit entfällt, um das 5- bis 10fache diesen Wert der Weltspitzenmuster der Vorrichtungen zur Erzeugung einer gerichteten Kraft übersteigt. So z. B. hat der zur Zeit im Bergbau und Bauwesen weit verbreitete hydraulische Keil, der in Bohrlöchern mit einem Durchmesser von φ 40 - 45 mm eine Spaltungskraft bis zu 150 Mp entwickelt, ein Gewicht von 25 kg, während das erfindungsgemäße Kraftübertragungselement für Bohrlöcher desselben Durchmessers mit der Spaltungskraft von 150 Mp 2,5 kg wiegt.The power transmission element designed according to the invention develops a force of the order of 60,000 kp in the case of the poem of 1 kg, the diameter of φ 30 mm and the length of 300 mm, the power developed by it, which is attributable to a unit of mass, around 5 to 10 times this value of the world peak patterns of the directional force generating devices. So z. B. currently has Hydraulic wedge widely used in mining and construction, which develops a splitting force of up to 150 Mp in boreholes with a diameter of φ 40-45 mm, a weight of 25 kg, while the force transmission element according to the invention for boreholes of the same diameter with the splitting force of 150 Mp 2 , Weighs 5 kg.

Das Kraftübertragungselement gemäß der Erfindung ist fertigungsgerecht, kompakt, erfordert für die Herstellung keine schwer beschaffbaren Konstruktionswerkstoffe und Keine Komplizierten Ausrüstungen, zeichnet sich durch einfache Bedienung und leichte Reparierbarkeit aus.The power transmission element according to the invention is production-oriented, compact, requires no construction materials that are difficult to obtain and no complicated equipment for production, is characterized by simple operation and easy repairability.

Claims (5)

  1. Force-transmission element comprising
    (a) a housing (1) which is divided along its longitudinal axis,
    (b) in whose interior a tubular elastic chamber (2) is disposed coaxially,
    (c) expanding inserts (3), of which each is situated on the parting plane side of the housing (1) and in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the housing (1) and has a trapezoidal cross section whose larger base line is supported on the elastic chamber (2) whereas the limbs are supported on the inner surface of the wall of the housing (1),
    (d) two connecting pieces (4) for feeding a working medium into the cavity of the elastic chamber (2) and for venting the air from the latter, which connecting pieces are disposed on the end face sides of the housing (1) so as to be displaceable along its longitudinal axis,
    (e) a means (5) for attaching one end in each case of the elastic tubular (2) chamber [sic] to to [sic] the head (6) of the connecting piece (4) which means is formed from two rotationally symmetrical parts (7, 8) which are detachably linked to one another and form a central channel whose axis coincides with the axis of the housing (1), the walls of the channels having, in a plane parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing (1), the shape of two truncated cones whose larger base surfaces are adjacent to one another, and the generatrix of the conical surface of the channel being essentially parallel to the generatrix of a conical surface of the head (6) of the connecting piece (4), while the other generatrix of the channel is essentially parallel to the generatrix of the other conical surface of the head (6) of the connecting piece (4),
    (f) an annular turned groove (14) which is constructed on the inner surface of the housing (1) and in which one of the parts (7, 8) is partly received, and
    (g) annular recesses (15) are provided on the outer surface of the divided housing (1), in which recesses (15) at least one elastic ring (16) is disposed in each case,
    characterized in that
    (h) the parts (7, 8) are constructed as two cylindrical bushes (7, 8),
    (i) the two bushes (7, 8) are linked together by means of a mortise-and-tenon joint; and
    (j) the two cylindrical bushes (7, 8) are situated in the annular turned groove (14) inside the housing (1).
  2. Force-transmission element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the two cylindrical bushes (7, 8) are linked together by means of axially disposed attachment elements (13).
  3. Force-transmission element according to Claim 1, characterized in that, to reduce the travel limitation of the detachable parts of the housing (1), only one elastic ring (16) is disposed in the annular recesses (15) in each case.
  4. Force-transmission element according to Claim 1, characterized in that radially disposed guide pins (17) are provided for a uniform radial displacement of the detachable parts of the housing (1).
  5. Force-transmission element according to Claim 1, characterized in that the housing (1) is divided into three detachable housing parts and in that three expanding inserts (3) are provided.
EP89906486A 1988-05-06 1989-04-18 Power element Expired - Lifetime EP0377052B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SU4413719 1988-05-06
SU884413719A SU1767174A1 (en) 1988-05-06 1988-05-06 Power member
PCT/SU1989/000101 WO1989011023A1 (en) 1988-05-06 1989-04-18 Power element

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0377052A1 EP0377052A1 (en) 1990-07-11
EP0377052A4 EP0377052A4 (en) 1991-04-10
EP0377052B1 true EP0377052B1 (en) 1994-07-06

Family

ID=21370122

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89906486A Expired - Lifetime EP0377052B1 (en) 1988-05-06 1989-04-18 Power element

Country Status (15)

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US (1) US5000517A (en)
EP (1) EP0377052B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH02504176A (en)
KR (1) KR960013726B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1019224B (en)
AT (1) ATE108243T1 (en)
AU (1) AU3697489A (en)
BR (1) BR8906951A (en)
CA (1) CA1316548C (en)
DE (1) DE58908010D1 (en)
FI (1) FI89968C (en)
GR (1) GR890100299A (en)
HU (1) HU893646D0 (en)
SU (1) SU1767174A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1989011023A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE500317C2 (en) * 1991-11-22 1994-05-30 Westboenergi Ab The fracturing
KR970000961Y1 (en) * 1994-09-07 1997-02-14 주식회사 호상테크노베이션 Hydraulic rock cutter
US6305753B1 (en) 1999-03-04 2001-10-23 Casiano Glenie Rodrigues Hydraulic expansion tube
KR100394593B1 (en) * 2000-10-13 2003-08-14 현대자동차주식회사 Structure for connecting a heat hose to a water hose
US6948573B2 (en) 2002-10-22 2005-09-27 China Ferruccio I Rock breaker tool
KR100811190B1 (en) * 2007-10-18 2008-03-07 이상휴 A rock split device with no-vibration condition using fluid pres-sure
SE531297C2 (en) * 2007-06-08 2009-02-17 Emstone Ab Process for manufacturing expansion scheme for cracking of solid materials
RU2503812C1 (en) * 2012-04-27 2014-01-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт горного дела им. Н.А. Чинакала Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук Rock burst method, and device for its implementation
RU2622065C1 (en) * 2016-04-15 2017-06-09 Юрий Альфредович Лебедев Hydro-rifting device
RU2622275C1 (en) * 2016-04-15 2017-06-13 Юрий Альфредович Лебедев Hydro-rifting device
RU2767762C1 (en) * 2021-09-27 2022-03-21 Николай Александрович Кузнецов Power element

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US1808162A (en) * 1927-08-31 1931-06-02 Samuel G Frantz Mining cartridge
FR1055473A (en) * 1952-05-06 1954-02-18 Quick couplings with multiple fittings
US3558191A (en) * 1969-01-23 1971-01-26 Fletcher Co H E Means for applying wedging forces to minerals and other bodies
US3572840A (en) * 1969-03-21 1971-03-30 Fletcher Co H E Means for applying wedging force to mineral and other bodies
US4168862A (en) * 1978-01-05 1979-09-25 Langfield Edward R Wear or thrust plates for hydraulic rock splitting apparatus
DD139450A1 (en) * 1978-11-10 1980-01-02 Kurt Kipka PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR PREPARING MOISTURE RESERVE INDUCTORS FOR QUICK REPLACEMENT
SU1033819A1 (en) * 1982-05-06 1983-08-07 Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт нерудных строительных материалов и гидромеханизации Apparatus for destructing monolythic objects
SU1059173A1 (en) * 1982-10-11 1983-12-07 Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт нерудных строительных материалов и гидромеханизации Apparatus for breaking monolithic objects
SE457209B (en) * 1985-10-16 1988-12-05 Gorno Altaisky G Ped I PRESSURE ELEMENT FOR SOIL MINING OF MOUNTAINS
DE3790893T1 (en) * 1987-01-23 1989-01-19

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH02504176A (en) 1990-11-29
HU893646D0 (en) 1990-04-28
CN1019224B (en) 1992-11-25
AU3697489A (en) 1989-11-29
US5000517A (en) 1991-03-19
ATE108243T1 (en) 1994-07-15
FI89968B (en) 1993-08-31
GR890100299A (en) 1990-03-12
SU1767174A1 (en) 1992-10-07
DE58908010D1 (en) 1994-08-11
FI900073A (en) 1990-01-05
WO1989011023A1 (en) 1989-11-16
BR8906951A (en) 1990-12-11
CA1316548C (en) 1993-04-20
EP0377052A1 (en) 1990-07-11
FI900073A0 (en) 1990-01-05
FI89968C (en) 1993-12-10
KR960013726B1 (en) 1996-10-10
CN1037756A (en) 1989-12-06
EP0377052A4 (en) 1991-04-10

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