EP0375993A1 - Process and apparatus for recovering the enamel slurry in an electrophoretic-enamelling installation - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for recovering the enamel slurry in an electrophoretic-enamelling installation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0375993A1 EP0375993A1 EP89122245A EP89122245A EP0375993A1 EP 0375993 A1 EP0375993 A1 EP 0375993A1 EP 89122245 A EP89122245 A EP 89122245A EP 89122245 A EP89122245 A EP 89122245A EP 0375993 A1 EP0375993 A1 EP 0375993A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- basin
- ete
- additional
- enamel
- enamelling
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D13/00—Electrophoretic coating characterised by the process
- C25D13/22—Servicing or operating apparatus or multistep processes
- C25D13/24—Regeneration of process liquids
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for recovering the enamel slip in electro-dip enamelling systems with a basin for electrophoretic dip enamelling (ETE basin) and with at least one sink arranged subsequently in the process.
- ETE basin electrophoretic dip enamelling
- ETE electrophoretic dip enamelling
- DE-A1-34 33 576 describes a method and a device for recovering the rinsing slip in which the coated part is transported directly to a subsequent sink after leaving the ETE basin.
- the sink is equipped with an agitator, which forces the rinsing water into a forced flow and in which part of the rinsing water is led through a sedimentation area, from which the deposited enamel is then transported back to the ETE basin.
- the disadvantage of the known method and the device consists essentially in the fact that the slip resulting from the recuperated enamel has different properties than that in the coating basin.
- the conductivity, the pH value, the density and, inter alia, the content of auxiliary substances are different, which means that compensation is required is to be able to use the recuperation slip again.
- a difficulty then lies in the fact that the ratio of the amount of electrically deposited enamel to the amount of enamel carried into the rinsing bath is not always constant, e.g. B. caused by differently strong parts.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method and a device for recovering the enamel slip in ETE systems, in which the majority of the enamel used can be reused and in which the entry of enamel slip into the first rinsing bath from the outset Minimum is limited.
- the particular advantage is achieved that the enamel slip detaching from the coated part and entering the sink is greatly reduced, so that expensive reprocessing measures can be dispensed with in the sink. Furthermore, the slip properties of the slip used are stabilized. Furthermore, the content of interfering ions in the coating system is reduced and the possibility is created to improve the coating of the so-called Faraday cages as a whole.
- the method according to the invention and a device according to the invention are explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing.
- the drawing shows the Operabe in a purely schematic form rich in an electrophoretic immersion enamelling system with a subsequent rinsing bath.
- the part (1) to be coated is immersed in the ETE basin (2).
- the cathodes (3) are indicated in the ETE basin (2).
- the ETE pool (2) is connected to an additional pool (5) via an overflow (4).
- Drainage cells (6) also called migration cells, are arranged in the additional basin (5).
- the additional sink (5) is then followed by the first sink (7).
- the additional basin (5) is connected to the ETE basin (2) via a return device for the enamel slip in general and the recovered enamel slip.
- the return device essentially consists of a pump (8) which feeds the pumpable enamel slurry back into the ETE basin (2) via appropriate transport lines (9).
- the density of the enamel slip is monitored and corrected accordingly using a density meter (10) arranged in the transport path.
- a spraying device (11) is installed above the ETE basin (2) with which demineralized water can be sprayed onto the parts (1) to be coated.
- part (1) After spraying, part (1) is transported over the additional basin (5), where, if necessary, another spraying with demineralized water can take place. The part (1) is then immersed in the sink (7).
- the part (1) is rinsed off with demineralized water when it leaves the ETE basin (2).
- the loosely adhering enamel with the spray water runs back into the ETE basin (2).
- the water extracted via the drainage cells (6) should also generally be discarded so that the conductivity of the slip in the coating basin is as low as possible.
- the battery of the drainage cells (6) can also be arranged in an enlarged ETE basin (2) without the basic method steps and device arrangements changing significantly. In this way, the additional pool can be dispensed with.
Abstract
Bei der elektrophoretischen Tauchemaillierung wird in der Regel etwa 1/3 des eingesetzten Emailschlickers in das Spülbecken, das sich in der Verfahrensfolge dem Tauchemaillier-Becken anschließt, eingetragen.In electrophoretic dip enamelling, about 1/3 of the enamel slip used is usually added to the sink, which follows the dip enamel basin in the sequence of the procedure.
Das angegebene Verfahren und die Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens bewirken eine effektive Rückgewinnung des Emailschlickers. Dabei werden die elektrotauchemaillierten Teile (1) über dem Tauchemaillier-Becken (2) und/oder einem nachgeschalteten Zusatzbecken (5) ganz oder teilweise abgesprüht. Durch im Tauchemaillier-Becken (2) integriert oder in dem Zusatzbecken (5) angeordnete Drainierzellen (6) wird der Wasserhaushalt insgesamt konstant gehalten. The specified method and the device for carrying out the method bring about an effective recovery of the enamel slip. The electro-enamelled parts (1) are completely or partially sprayed over the immersion enamelling basin (2) and / or a downstream additional basin (5). The water balance is kept constant overall by drain cells (6) integrated in the immersion enamelling basin (2) or arranged in the additional basin (5).
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Rückgewinnung des Emailschlickers in Elektrotauch-Emaillier-Anlagen mit einem Becken für die elektrophoretische Tauchemaillierung (ETE-Becken) und mit mindestens einem im Verfahrensgang nachfolgend angeordneten Spülbecken.The invention relates to a method for recovering the enamel slip in electro-dip enamelling systems with a basin for electrophoretic dip enamelling (ETE basin) and with at least one sink arranged subsequently in the process.
Bei der elektrophoretischen Tauchemaillierung, in der Abkürzung als ETE bezeichnet, wird in der Regel etwa ein Drittel des eingesetzten Emailschlickers in das Spülbecken, das sich in der Verfahrensfolge dem ETE-Becken anschließt, eingetragen. In erster Linie aus Kostengründen muß dieses abgespülte Email zurückgewonnen und dem Prozeß wieder zugeführt werden. Verfahren für die Rückgewinnung des Emailschlickers sind bekannt aus der DE-A1-34 33 576 und DE-A1-31 21 604. Hierzu ist in der DE-A1-34 33 576 ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Rückgewinnung des Spülschlickers beschrieben, bei dem das beschichtete Teil nach Verlassen des ETE-Beckens direkt in ein nachfolgendes Spülbecken transportiert wird. Das Spülbecken ist mit einem Rührwerk versehen, welches das Spülwasser in eine Zwangsströmung versetzt und bei dem ein Teil des Spülwassers über einen strömungsberuhigten Absetzbereich geführt wird, woraus dann das sich absetzende Email in das ETE-Becken zurücktransportiert wird.In electrophoretic dip enamelling, abbreviated as ETE, about a third of the enamel slip used is usually placed in the sink, which follows the ETE basin in the sequence of procedures. Primarily for cost reasons, this rinsed email must be recovered and returned to the process. Methods for the recovery of the enamel slip are known from DE-A1-34 33 576 and DE-A1-31 21 604. For this purpose, DE-A1-34 33 576 describes a method and a device for recovering the rinsing slip in which the coated part is transported directly to a subsequent sink after leaving the ETE basin. The sink is equipped with an agitator, which forces the rinsing water into a forced flow and in which part of the rinsing water is led through a sedimentation area, from which the deposited enamel is then transported back to the ETE basin.
Der Nachteil des bekannten Verfahrens und der Vorrichtung besteht im wesentlichen darin, daß der aus dem rekuperierten Email resultierende Schlicker andere Eigenschaften aufweist als der im Beschichtungsbecken befindliche. Unterschiedlich sind insbesondere die Leitfähigkeit, der PH-Wert, die Dichte und unter anderem der Gehalt an Hilfsstoffen, was zur Folge hat, daß eine Kompensation erforderlich ist, um den Rekuperationsschlicker wieder verwenden zu können. Dabei liegt dann eine Schwierigkeit darin, daß das Verhältnis der elektrisch abgeschiedenen Emailmenge zu der ins Spülbad getragenen Emailmenge nicht immer konstant ist, z. B. bewirkt durch unterschiedlich stark schöpfende Teile.The disadvantage of the known method and the device consists essentially in the fact that the slip resulting from the recuperated enamel has different properties than that in the coating basin. In particular, the conductivity, the pH value, the density and, inter alia, the content of auxiliary substances are different, which means that compensation is required is to be able to use the recuperation slip again. A difficulty then lies in the fact that the ratio of the amount of electrically deposited enamel to the amount of enamel carried into the rinsing bath is not always constant, e.g. B. caused by differently strong parts.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Rückgewinnung des Emailschlickers in ETE-Anlagen zu schaffen, bei dem der größte Teil des eingesetzten Email wiederverwendbar genutzt werden kann und bei dem das Eintragen von Emailschlicker in das erste Spülbad von vornherein auf ein Minimum begrenzt wird.The invention has for its object to provide a method and a device for recovering the enamel slip in ETE systems, in which the majority of the enamel used can be reused and in which the entry of enamel slip into the first rinsing bath from the outset Minimum is limited.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 und erfindungsgemäß ausgestaltete Vorrichtungen gemäß Anspruch 4 und 5 erzielt. Zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den jeweiligen Unteransprüchen.This object is achieved by a method according to
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre wird der besondere Vorteil erzielt, daß der sich von dem beschichteten Teil ablösende und ins Spülbecken gelangende Emailschlicker stark reduziert wird, so daß im Spülbecken aufwendige Wiederaufbereitungsmaßnahmen entfallen können. Weiterhin kommt es zu einer Stabilisierung der Schlickereigenschaften des eingesetzten Schlickers. Ferner wird der Gehalt an störenden Ionen im Beschichtungssystem reduziert und die Möglichkeit geschaffen, die Beschichtung der sogenannten Faradaykäfige insgesamt zu verbessern.With the teaching according to the invention, the particular advantage is achieved that the enamel slip detaching from the coated part and entering the sink is greatly reduced, so that expensive reprocessing measures can be dispensed with in the sink. Furthermore, the slip properties of the slip used are stabilized. Furthermore, the content of interfering ions in the coating system is reduced and the possibility is created to improve the coating of the so-called Faraday cages as a whole.
Anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung nachstehend näher erläutert. Die Zeichnung zeigt in rein schematischer Form den Teilbe reich einer elektrophoretischen Tauchemaillieranlage mit einem nachfolgenden Spülbad.The method according to the invention and a device according to the invention are explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. The drawing shows the Teilbe in a purely schematic form rich in an electrophoretic immersion enamelling system with a subsequent rinsing bath.
Bei der elektrophoretischen Emaillierung wird das zu beschichtende Teil (1) in das ETE-Becken (2) eingetaucht. In dem ETE-Becken (2) sind die Katoden (3) angedeutet.In electrophoretic enamelling, the part (1) to be coated is immersed in the ETE basin (2). The cathodes (3) are indicated in the ETE basin (2).
Das ETE-Becken (2) ist über einen Überlauf (4) mit einem Zusatzbecken (5) verbunden. In dem Zusatzbecken (5) sind Drainierzellen (6), auch Migrationszellen genannt, angeordnet. Dem Zusatzbecken (5) ist dann das erste Spülbecken (7) nachgeschaltet.The ETE pool (2) is connected to an additional pool (5) via an overflow (4). Drainage cells (6), also called migration cells, are arranged in the additional basin (5). The additional sink (5) is then followed by the first sink (7).
Das Zusatzbecken (5) ist mit dem ETE-Becken (2) über eine Rückführeinrichtung für den Emailschlicker allgemein und den zurückgewonnenen Emailschlicker verbunden. Die Rückführeinrichtung besteht dabei im wesentlichen aus einer Pumpe (8), die über entsprechende Transportleitungen (9) den pumpfähigen Emailschlicker ins ETE-Becken (2) zurückführt. Über einen im Transportweg angeordneten Dichtemesser (10) wird die Dichte des Emailschlickers überwacht und entsprechend korrigiert.The additional basin (5) is connected to the ETE basin (2) via a return device for the enamel slip in general and the recovered enamel slip. The return device essentially consists of a pump (8) which feeds the pumpable enamel slurry back into the ETE basin (2) via appropriate transport lines (9). The density of the enamel slip is monitored and corrected accordingly using a density meter (10) arranged in the transport path.
Über dem ETE-Becken (2) ist eine Absprüheinrichtung (11) installiert, mit der entsalztes Wasser auf die zu beschichtenden Teile (1) gesprüht werden kann.A spraying device (11) is installed above the ETE basin (2) with which demineralized water can be sprayed onto the parts (1) to be coated.
Nach dem Absprühen wird das Teil (1) über das Zusatzbecken (5) transportiert, wo gegebenenfalls nochmals ein weiteres Absprühen mit entsalztem Wasser erfolgen kann. Danach wird das Teil (1) in das Spülbecken (7) getaucht.After spraying, part (1) is transported over the additional basin (5), where, if necessary, another spraying with demineralized water can take place. The part (1) is then immersed in the sink (7).
Die Funktionsweise der gezeigten Anordnung ist wie folgt:The arrangement works as follows:
Damit der Emailschlicker, der nur durch Adhäsionskräfte auf der elektrisch abgeschiedenen Emailschicht haftet, kaum ins Spülbecken gelangen kann, wird das Teil (1) beim Herausfahren aus dem ETE-Becken (2) mit entsalztem Wasser abgespült. Das lose anhaftende Email mit dem Spritzwasser läuft ins ETE-Becken (2) zurück.To ensure that the enamel slip, which only adheres to the electrically deposited enamel layer due to adhesive forces, can hardly get into the sink, the part (1) is rinsed off with demineralized water when it leaves the ETE basin (2). The loosely adhering enamel with the spray water runs back into the ETE basin (2).
Durch den Zufluß von entsalztem Wasser wird die Leitfähigkeit im ETE-Becken (2) gesenkt, was wünschenswert ist, jedoch nimmt auch die Dichte des Emailschlickers ab, was wiederum nicht zulässig ist.The flow of demineralized water lowers the conductivity in the ETE basin (2), which is desirable, but the density of the enamel slip also decreases, which in turn is not permitted.
Um den Wassergehalt im Gleichgewicht zu halten, befindet sich weiteres Email in einem Zusatzbehälter (5), der über die Rohrleitung (9) mit der Pumpe (8) und dem Überlauf (4) derart mit dem ETE-Becken (2) verbunden ist, daß ein guter Austausch des Emailschlickers gewährleistet ist. In dem Zusatzbecken (5) befinden sich die Drainierzellen (6), die es ermöglichen, daß dem Emailschlicker soviel Wasser entzogen wird, wie ihm beim Abspülen zufließt. Wählt man die Drainierzellen (6) so groß, daß die entzogene Wassermenge größer ist als die über dem ETE-Becken (2) zugeführte, so regelt ein in dem Pumpenkreis eingebauter Dichtemesser (10) zusammen mit dem Magnetventil (12), daß die Dichte im ETE-Becken (2) sowie im Zusatzbecken (5) konstant bleibt.In order to keep the water content in balance, there is additional enamel in an additional container (5), which is connected via the pipeline (9) to the pump (8) and the overflow (4) to the ETE basin (2), that a good exchange of the email slip is guaranteed. In the additional basin (5) there are the drainage cells (6), which allow as much water to be withdrawn from the enamel slip as it flows into during rinsing. If you choose the drainage cells (6) so large that the amount of water withdrawn is greater than that supplied via the ETE basin (2), a density meter (10) installed in the pump circuit, together with the solenoid valve (12), regulates that the density in the ETE pool (2) and in the additional pool (5) remains constant.
Bei der Elektrotauchemaillierung muß das Wasser, was zur Zeit des Stromflusses in die Beschichtungselektroden gelangt, wegen der hohen Leitfähigkeit (16000 uS/cm und darüber) unbedingt verworfen werden, weil sonst der Prozeß instabil wird. Dieses Wasser kann also für die Sprühdüsen der Absprüheinrichtung (11) nicht verwendet werden.In electro-dip enamelling, the water that enters the coating electrodes at the time of the current flow must be discarded because of the high conductivity (16000 uS / cm and above), otherwise the process will become unstable. This water can therefore not be used for the spray nozzles of the spray device (11).
Das über die Drainierzellen (6) entzogene Wasser (Leitfähigkeit etwas höher als die des Schlickers) sollte ebenfalls in der Regel verworfen werden, damit die Leitfähigkeit des Schlickers im Beschichtungsbecken möglichst tief liegt. Je tiefer die Leitfähigkeit im ETE-Becken (2), desto unproblematischer ist die Beschichtung. Falls die Leitfähigkeit im ETE-Becken zu stark sinkt, kann zur Kompensation beim Absprühen der Teile ein Gemisch aus entsalztem Wasser und dem Drainierwasser verwendet werden.The water extracted via the drainage cells (6) (conductivity slightly higher than that of the slip) should also generally be discarded so that the conductivity of the slip in the coating basin is as low as possible. The deeper the conductivity in the ETE basin (2), the less problematic is the coating. If the conductivity in the ETE basin drops too much, a mixture of demineralized water and the drainage water can be used to compensate when the parts are sprayed off.
In einer weiteren Ausführung kann anstelle eines besonderen Zusatzbeckens (5) die Batterie der Drainierzellen (6) auch in einem vergrößerten ETE-Becken (2) angeordnet sein, ohne daß sich hier die grundsätzlichen Verfahrensschritte und Vorrichtungsanordnungen nennenswert ändern. Auf diese Weise kann eventuell auf das Zusatzbecken verzichtet werden.In a further embodiment, instead of a special additional basin (5), the battery of the drainage cells (6) can also be arranged in an enlarged ETE basin (2) without the basic method steps and device arrangements changing significantly. In this way, the additional pool can be dispensed with.
Claims (7)
dadurch gekennzeichnt,
daß die elektrotauchemaillierten Teile (1) über dem ETE-Becken (2) und/oder einem dem ETE-Becken (2) nachgeschalteten Zusatzbecken (5) ganz oder teilweise abgesprüht werden und daß durch im ETE-Becken (2) integriert oder in dem Zusatzbecken (5) angeordnete Drainierzellen (6) der Wasserhaushalt konstant gehalten wird.1. Method for recovering the enamel slip in electro-dip enamelling systems with a basin for electrophoretic immersion enamelling (ETE basin) and with at least one rinse basin following in the process step,
characterized by
that the electro-enamelled parts (1) over the ETE basin (2) and / or an additional basin (5) downstream of the ETE basin (2) are sprayed in whole or in part and that by integrated in the ETE basin (2) or in the Additional basin (5) arranged drainage cells (6) the water balance is kept constant.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zum Absprühen entsalztes Wasser verwendet wird.2. The method according to claim 1,
characterized,
that desalinated water is used for spraying.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß zum Absprühen der Teile (1) Wasser mit einer bestimmbaren Leitfähigkeit verwendet wird.3. The method according to claim 1,
characterized,
that water with a determinable conductivity is used for spraying the parts (1).
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß im Behandlungsablauf zwischen dem ETE-Becken (2) und dem ersten Spülbecken (7) ein Zusatzbecken (5) mit Drainierzellen (6) angeordnet ist, daß über dem ETE-Becken (2) und/oder dem Zusatzbecken (5) eine Absprüheinrichtung (11) installiert ist, und daß das Zusatzbecken (5) mit dem ETE-Becken (2) über einen Überlauf (4) und eine Rückführeinrichtung für den Emailschlicker verbunden ist.4. Device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that in the treatment process between the ETE basin (2) and the first sink (7) an additional basin (5) with drainage cells (6) is arranged that a spray device above the ETE basin (2) and / or the additional basin (5) (11) is installed, and that the additional pool (5) is connected to the ETE pool (2) via an overflow (4) and a return device for the enamel slip.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß im ETE-Becken (2) Drainierzellen (6) integriert angeordnet sind,
daß über dem ETE-Becken (2) eine Absprüheinrichtung (11) installiert ist
und daß das ETE-Becken (2) mit einer Rückführeinrichtung für den zurückgewonnenen Emailschlicker ausgebildet ist.5. Device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that drainage cells (6) are integrated in the ETE basin (2),
that a spray device (11) is installed above the ETE basin (2)
and that the ETE basin (2) is designed with a return device for the recovered enamel slip.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Drainiereinrichtung mit einer Ablaufeinrichtung (12) für überschüssige Flüssigkeit versehen ist.6. The device according to claim 4 or claim 5,
characterized,
that the drainage device is provided with a drain device (12) for excess liquid.
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß in der Rückführeinrichtung des Emailschlickers ein Dichtemeßgerät angeordnet ist und die Dichte des Schlickers eingeregelt wird.7. The device according to claim 4 or claim 5,
characterized,
that a density measuring device is arranged in the return device of the enamel slip and the density of the slip is adjusted.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3843953 | 1988-12-24 | ||
DE3843953A DE3843953A1 (en) | 1988-12-24 | 1988-12-24 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RECOVERY OF THE ENAMEL SLIP IN ELECTRO-DIP-ENAMELING PLANTS |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0375993A1 true EP0375993A1 (en) | 1990-07-04 |
EP0375993B1 EP0375993B1 (en) | 1993-08-25 |
Family
ID=6370305
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89122245A Expired - Lifetime EP0375993B1 (en) | 1988-12-24 | 1989-12-02 | Process and apparatus for recovering the enamel slurry in an electrophoretic-enamelling installation |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5080723A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0375993B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH03138397A (en) |
DD (1) | DD290669A5 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3843953A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2044029T3 (en) |
YU (1) | YU233989A (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2935231A (en) * | 1958-02-17 | 1960-05-03 | Wheeling Stamping Co | Collapsible tube and insert therefor |
GB1360970A (en) * | 1970-07-22 | 1974-07-24 | Ici Ltd | Electrodecantation of electrolytic baths |
US3663403A (en) * | 1970-11-27 | 1972-05-16 | Ppg Industries Inc | Double ion exchange of an ultrafiltrate derived from an electrodeposition bath |
DE2313751A1 (en) * | 1973-03-20 | 1974-10-03 | Basf Farben & Fasern | Electrophoretic dip coating process of workpieces - using anion exchanger treated ultra filtrate for flushing, giving improved coating |
GB1373579A (en) * | 1973-05-16 | 1974-11-13 | Pressed Steel Fisher Ltd | Process and apparatus for the electrophoretic deposition of coating medium on workpieces |
HU172790B (en) * | 1976-09-23 | 1978-12-28 | Hajtomuevek Es Festoberendeze | Dip dying plant |
JPS57207200A (en) * | 1981-06-12 | 1982-12-18 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Rinsing method for electrodeposited substrate |
-
1988
- 1988-12-24 DE DE3843953A patent/DE3843953A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1989
- 1989-12-02 EP EP89122245A patent/EP0375993B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-02 DE DE89122245T patent/DE58905390D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-02 ES ES89122245T patent/ES2044029T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-11 YU YU02339/89A patent/YU233989A/en unknown
- 1989-12-21 US US07/454,519 patent/US5080723A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-22 DD DD89336241A patent/DD290669A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-12-25 JP JP1333016A patent/JPH03138397A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, Band 100, Nr. 12, März 1984, Seite 284, Zusammenfassung Nr. 90313q, Columbus, Ohio, US; W. THOM et al.: "Electrophoretic coating with enamel", & DD-A-203 076 (VEB INGENIEURBÜRO ELEKTROGERAETE) 12-10-1983 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH03138397A (en) | 1991-06-12 |
YU233989A (en) | 1991-04-30 |
US5080723A (en) | 1992-01-14 |
EP0375993B1 (en) | 1993-08-25 |
DD290669A5 (en) | 1991-06-06 |
DE3843953A1 (en) | 1990-06-28 |
ES2044029T3 (en) | 1994-01-01 |
DE58905390D1 (en) | 1993-09-30 |
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