EP0375844B1 - Wrapper for an article of smoking - Google Patents
Wrapper for an article of smoking Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0375844B1 EP0375844B1 EP89117395A EP89117395A EP0375844B1 EP 0375844 B1 EP0375844 B1 EP 0375844B1 EP 89117395 A EP89117395 A EP 89117395A EP 89117395 A EP89117395 A EP 89117395A EP 0375844 B1 EP0375844 B1 EP 0375844B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- paper
- wrapping according
- top layer
- underlayer
- basis weight
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/30—Multi-ply
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D1/00—Cigars; Cigarettes
- A24D1/02—Cigars; Cigarettes with special covers
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/80—Paper comprising more than one coating
- D21H19/84—Paper comprising more than one coating on both sides of the substrate
Definitions
- the invention relates to a wrapper for smokers' articles, in particular for self-extinguishing cigarettes, made from cellulose, containing fillers and optionally glow salts.
- a cigarette is known from EP-A-133 575, the tobacco cylinder of which is coated with two different papers. Both papers are made of cellulose and have approximately the same basis weight of 20 to 25 g / m2.
- the porosity of the inner paper is about 1 CU (Coresta Unit), that of the outer paper about 55 CU.
- the inner paper is filled with 14% by weight titanium dioxide, the outer paper with 30% by weight calcium carbonate and additionally with 6% by weight anhydrous potassium citrate.
- the low porosity of the base paper is achieved by brushing or soaking with suitable water-soluble, film-forming materials, for example methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, chemically modified starch, guar gum, sodium alginate, dextrin, gelatin and the like.
- a cigarette with this wrapper should go out on its own within a few minutes as soon as it comes into contact with objects - upholstery, carpets, furniture - which prevent the free access of oxygen to the ember cone.
- EP-A-133 575 also describes solutions with only one paper. Acting it is again a lightweight paper with approx. 20 to 25 g / m2 basis weight and a porosity of 1 to 4 CU, filled with titanium dioxide and / or calcium carbonate as follower and 1.7 to 9% by weight of anhydrous potassium citrate as glowing salt.
- Another advantageous property of the self-extinguishing smoking articles is that the so-called sidestream smoke, which rises from the ember cone during the pause between two puffs, is reduced.
- This sidestream smoke is largely responsible for so-called passive smoking. It would be desirable to suppress the formation of sidestream smoke entirely; nevertheless, its creation is inevitable, since smoking articles require a constantly burning ember cone for reasons that are easy to see.
- smoking articles with reduced sidestream smoke are known, which are wrapped with two papers.
- the inner layer is a highly porous cellulose fiber paper with embedded, finely pulverized carbon, whereby alkaline earth metal carbonates can optionally be added.
- the outer layer is a normal cigarette paper.
- the carbon-filled inner paper may or may not be taped; if necessary, it is held by the outer paper. In this proposal, the carbon in the inner paper is to adsorb the sidestream smoke produced so that it is not visible without slowing down the burning of the tobacco.
- DE-A-37 21 204 also discloses cigarette papers which contain an essentially water-insoluble and thermally stable filler in the cellulose starting material, which provides a surface area in the web of at least 80 m 2 per square meter of the web under smoke conditions and up to approximately Contains 15 wt .-% of an alkali metal salt.
- the porosity is in the range from 5 to 30 CU.
- a cigarette is known from US-A-3 633 589, which is wrapped with two papers.
- the cover paper is a conventional, porous cigarette paper with good burning properties and ash qualities.
- the base paper consists of a practically non-porous paper.
- the inner paper burns more slowly than cover paper and tobacco. . With every train, the air must pass through the embers. As a result, the mainstream smoke should contain little air, create a rich, unadulterated feeling of smoke and thus reduce the tendency for inhalation by smokers. Secondary flow smoke or self-extinguishing are described in this document not mentioned.
- the coverings have unattractive optical properties, be it that they are colored gray or brown, that they form gray or even black ash, that there is no closed ash hose and / or that condensate or tar penetrate and form unsightly brown spots .
- the present invention has for its object to provide a wrapper for smoking articles, in particular for self-extinguishing cigarettes, which can be applied to the tobacco in a single operation, shows no condensate penetration, forms a stable, white ash hose and the transfer of degradation products in the Wrapping chemicals provided in the mainstream smoke largely prevented.
- top layer and bottom layer must also be coordinated with one another to the extent that perfect processing in the paper machine etc. is possible.
- the shrinking behavior of the top and bottom layers must be coordinated so that a wrinkle-free bond is possible, that the finished paper does not roll or throw and can be easily wrapped around the tobacco rod.
- an advantageous further development is to apply a third paper layer as counter lamination to the free surface of the lower layer. At least the mechanical properties of the third paper layer should correspond approximately to those of the cover layer.
- the cover layer has a weight per unit area of 30 to 40 g / m2, preferably approx. 35 g / m2, the underlayer preferably 8 g / m2.
- the underlayer can therefore be kept very thin in comparison to the top layer, so that it practically does not impair the good glow properties of the top layer. Self-extinguishing is ensured by the fact that the tobacco burning zone behind the ember cone is depleted of oxygen.
- the air permeability of the cover layer is preferably greater than 40 CU, which facilitates processing on the paper machine, that of the underlayer is less than 2 CU, which improves self-extinguishing. Ultimately, however, the pore-poor to non-porous nature of the paper composite is decisive.
- the absorbency of the top layer given as the preferred value, of 12 ⁇ 2 mm / 10 min, measured according to the clamping method in accordance with DIN 53106, also serves for perfect processing on the paper machine, as does the value given for the roughness of the top layer, 50 ⁇ 10 mm. Seconds.
- the invention proposes either to fill the underlayer with tobacco dust and / or flavoring agents, or to introduce these substances between the top layer and the underlayer before they are laminated on the paper machine. Both methods can also be combined.
- Cover paper and base paper are preferably cellulose papers, the cellulose being able to be obtained from annual plants such as flax, hemp or esparto, from annual plants such as pine, birch or eucalyptus or from mixtures of the aforementioned fibers.
- Fig. 1 shows a section through a cigarette with a two-layer wrapper.
- the paper enveloping a tobacco rod 4 has a top layer 1 and a bottom layer 2 and was produced by wet lamination on the paper machine.
- the properties of such a cigarette result from the following Embodiments.
- Fig. 2 shows a section through another cigarette with a three-layer wrapper.
- the tobacco rod 4 is coated with a paper with a top layer 1 and a bottom layer 2.
- the bottom layer 2 is backed with a third paper layer 3 in order to prevent the paper from being thrown or rolled.
- the mechanical properties of the third paper layer 3 should roughly match those of the cover layer 1.
- tobacco dust, flavorings and other ingredients can be introduced.
- a wet laminate on the paper machine produced a paper composite with the following properties: Basis weight 38 g / m2 Bulk density 0.67 g / cm3 Air permeability approx. 10 CU.
- the self-extinguishing time is approximately 300 seconds.
- a paper laminate with the following properties was produced from it by wet lamination on the paper machine: Basis weight 45 g / m2 Bulk density 0.67 g / cm3 Air permeability 7 CU
- the self-extinguishing time is approximately 150 seconds.
- a paper laminate with the following properties was produced from it by wet lamination on the paper machine: Basis weight 38 g / m2 Bulk density 0.79 g / cm3 Air permeability 1.5 CU
- the self-extinguishing time is approximately 120 seconds.
- a paper laminate with the following properties was produced from it by wet lamination on the paper machine: Basis weight 52 g / m2 Bulk density 0.76 g / cm3 Air permeability 0 CU.
- the self-extinguishing time is approximately 90 seconds.
- the time until the ember cone goes out can be influenced by the diameter, the degree of stuffing and the type of tobacco.
- the condensate, nicotine and carbon monoxide values in the mainstream smoke are controlled by the tobacco mixture, the tobacco weight, suitable cigarette filters and ventilation mouth sticks.
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Umhüllung für Raucherartikel, insbesondere für selbstlöschende Zigaretten, hergestellt aus Cellulose, enthaltend Füllstoffe und gegebenenfalls Glimmsalze.The invention relates to a wrapper for smokers' articles, in particular for self-extinguishing cigarettes, made from cellulose, containing fillers and optionally glow salts.
Die von achtlos weggeworfenen oder auch unbeaufsichtigt brennenden Raucherartikeln ausgehenden Gefahren sind bekannt. Die Statistiken der Sach- und Lebensversicherungen belegen dies unmißverständlich. Es hat daher nicht an Versuchen gefehlt, Raucherartikel auf den Markt zu bringen, die nach einer gewissen Zeit von selbst erlöschen.The dangers of carelessly thrown away or unattended burning smoking articles are known. The statistics of property and life insurance clearly prove this. There has been no shortage of attempts to bring smokers' articles onto the market that will go out of their own accord after a certain time.
Aus der EP-A-133 575 ist eine Zigarette bekannt, deren Tabakzylinder mit zwei unterschiedlichen Papieren umhüllt ist. Beide Papiere bestehen aus Cellulose und besitzen etwa das gleiche Flächengewicht von 20 bis 25 g/m². Die Porosität des Innenpapiers beträgt etwa 1 CU (Coresta Unit), die des Außenpapiers etwa 55 CU. Das Innenpapier ist mit 14 Gew.-% Titandioxid, das Außenpapier mit 30 Gew.-% Calciumcarbonat und zusätzlich mit 6 Gew.-% wasserfreiem Kaliumcitrat gefüllt. Die geringe Porosität des Unterpapiers wird durch Bestreichen oder Tränken mit geeigneten wasserlöslichen, filmbildenden Materialien erreicht, beispielsweise Methylcellulose, Carboxymethylcellulose, Stärke, chemisch modifizierter Stärke, Guargummi, Natriumalginat, Dextrin, Gelatine und dergleichen. Eine Zigarette mit dieser Umhüllung soll innerhalb weniger Minuten von selbst erlöschen, sobald sie mit Gegenständen - Polster, Teppiche, Möbel - in Berührung kommt, die den freien Zutritt von Sauerstoff zum Glutkegel behindern.A cigarette is known from EP-A-133 575, the tobacco cylinder of which is coated with two different papers. Both papers are made of cellulose and have approximately the same basis weight of 20 to 25 g / m². The porosity of the inner paper is about 1 CU (Coresta Unit), that of the outer paper about 55 CU. The inner paper is filled with 14% by weight titanium dioxide, the outer paper with 30% by weight calcium carbonate and additionally with 6% by weight anhydrous potassium citrate. The low porosity of the base paper is achieved by brushing or soaking with suitable water-soluble, film-forming materials, for example methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, chemically modified starch, guar gum, sodium alginate, dextrin, gelatin and the like. A cigarette with this wrapper should go out on its own within a few minutes as soon as it comes into contact with objects - upholstery, carpets, furniture - which prevent the free access of oxygen to the ember cone.
Die EP-A-133 575 beschreibt außer der Lösung mit zwei Papieren auch Lösungen mit nur einem Papier. Dabei handelt es sich wieder um ein Leichtgewichtpapier mit ca. 20 bis 25 g/m² Flächengewicht und einer Porosität von 1 bis 4 CU, gefüllt mit Titandioxid und/oder Calciumcarbonat als Follstoff und 1,7 bis 9 Gew.-% wasserfreiem Kaliumcitrat als Glimmsalz.In addition to the solution with two papers, EP-A-133 575 also describes solutions with only one paper. Acting it is again a lightweight paper with approx. 20 to 25 g / m² basis weight and a porosity of 1 to 4 CU, filled with titanium dioxide and / or calcium carbonate as follower and 1.7 to 9% by weight of anhydrous potassium citrate as glowing salt.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Eigenschaft der selbstlöschenden Raucherartikel besteht darin, daß der sogenannte Nebenstromrauch, der in der Pause zwischen zwei Zügen vom Glutkegel aufsteigt, reduziert ist. Dieser Nebenstromrauch ist zu einem großen Teil verantwortlich für das sogenannte Passivrauchen. Es wäre wünschenswert, die Bildung von Nebenstromrauch ganz zu unterdrücken; gleichwohl ist seine Entstehung unvermeidlich, da Raucherartikel aus leicht einzusehenden Gründen einen ständig brennenden Glutkegel benötigen.Another advantageous property of the self-extinguishing smoking articles is that the so-called sidestream smoke, which rises from the ember cone during the pause between two puffs, is reduced. This sidestream smoke is largely responsible for so-called passive smoking. It would be desirable to suppress the formation of sidestream smoke entirely; nevertheless, its creation is inevitable, since smoking articles require a constantly burning ember cone for reasons that are easy to see.
Wenn die Verringerung der Nebenstromrauchbildung verbunden wäre mit einer Verringerung des Abbrandes in den Pausen zwischen zwei Zügen, wäre diese Eigenschaft angesichts der steigenden Preise für Raucherartikel ebenfalls von Vorteil.If the reduction in sidestream smoke formation were associated with a reduction in the burn-up in the breaks between two trains, this property would also be advantageous in view of the rising prices for smokers' articles.
Aus der DE-B-22 57 317 sind Raucherartikel mit reduziertem Nebenstromrauch bekannt, die mit zwei Papieren umhüllt sind. Die innere Lage ist ein hoch poröses Cellulosefaserpapier mit eingelagertem, fein pulverisiertem Kohlenstoff, wobei gegebenenfalls noch Erdalkalimetallcarbonate zugesetzt werden können. Die äußere Lage ist ein normales Zigarettenpapier. Das mit Kohlenstoff gefüllte innere Papier kann zugeklebt werden oder nicht; gegebenenfalls wird es von dem äußeren Papier gehalten. Bei diesem Vorschlag soll der Kohlenstoff im inneren Papier den entstehenden Nebenstromrauch adsorbieren, so daß er nicht sichtbar wird, ohne den Abbrand des Tabaks zu bremsen.From DE-B-22 57 317 smoking articles with reduced sidestream smoke are known, which are wrapped with two papers. The inner layer is a highly porous cellulose fiber paper with embedded, finely pulverized carbon, whereby alkaline earth metal carbonates can optionally be added. The outer layer is a normal cigarette paper. The carbon-filled inner paper may or may not be taped; if necessary, it is held by the outer paper. In this proposal, the carbon in the inner paper is to adsorb the sidestream smoke produced so that it is not visible without slowing down the burning of the tobacco.
Aus der GB-A-21 43 150 sind Raucherartikel, beispielsweise Zigaretten, bekannt, deren Umhüllung aus einem Papier besteht, das auf seiner dem Tabak zugewandten Seite mit einem Material beschichtet ist, welches das Durchschlagen von Kondensat oder Teer und die damit einhergehende Bildung von braunen Flecken verhindert. Als Beschichtung werden vorgeschlagen Ethylenvinylacetat (EVA), Polyvinylacetat (PVA), Polyvinylalkohol (PVOH), Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), Stärke und Nitrocelluloselack.From GB-A-21 43 150 smoking articles, for example cigarettes, are known, the wrapping of which consists of a paper which is coated on its tobacco side with a material which prevents condensation or tar from breaking through and the associated formation of prevents brown spots. Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyvinyl acetate (PVA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), starch and nitrocellulose varnish are proposed as coatings.
Zum gleichen Zweck ist auch schon vorgeschlagen worden, das Papier mit Metall zu beschichten. Auch wurde bereits vorgeschlagen, unter dem Zigarettenpapier eine niedrig schmelzende Kunststoff-Folie anzubringen.For the same purpose, it has also been proposed to coat the paper with metal. It has also already been proposed to apply a low-melting plastic film under the cigarette paper.
Auch aus der DE-A-37 21 204 sind Zigarettenpapiere bekannt, die in dem Cellulose-Ausgangsmaterial einen im wesentlichen wasserunlöslichen und thermisch beständigen Füllstoff enthalten, der unter Rauchbedingungen eine Oberfläche in der Bahn von wenigstens 80 m² pro Quadratmeter der Bahn bereitstellt und bis ungefähr 15 Gew.-% eines Alkalimetall-Salzes enthält. Die Porosität liegt im Bereich von 5 bis 30 CU.DE-A-37 21 204 also discloses cigarette papers which contain an essentially water-insoluble and thermally stable filler in the cellulose starting material, which provides a surface area in the web of at least 80
Schließlich ist auch aus der US-A-3 633 589 eine Zigarette bekannt, die mit zwei Papieren umhüllt ist. Das Deckpapier ist ein konventionelles, poröses Zigarettenpapier mit guten Brenneigenschaften und Aschequalitäten. Das Unterpapier besteht aus einem praktisch porenfreien Papier. Das Innenpapier brennt langsamer als Deckpapier und Tabak. . Bei jedem Zug muß so die Luft komplett durch den Glutkegel hindurch. Dadurch soll der Hauptstromrauch wenig Luft enthalten, ein reiches, unverfälschtes Rauchgefühl erzeugen und so die Tendenz zur Inhalation beim Raucher reduzieren. Nebenstromrauch oder Selbstlöschung werden in dieser Schrift nicht erwähnt.Finally, a cigarette is known from US-A-3 633 589, which is wrapped with two papers. The cover paper is a conventional, porous cigarette paper with good burning properties and ash qualities. The base paper consists of a practically non-porous paper. The inner paper burns more slowly than cover paper and tobacco. . With every train, the air must pass through the embers. As a result, the mainstream smoke should contain little air, create a rich, unadulterated feeling of smoke and thus reduce the tendency for inhalation by smokers. Secondary flow smoke or self-extinguishing are described in this document not mentioned.
Leider konnten sich die in der Literatur vorgeschlagenen Umhüllungen für Raucherartikel, die eine Reduzierung des Nebenstromrauches und/oder eine Selbstlöschung ermöglichen sollen, in der Praxis nicht durchsetzen. Die Vorschläge, die darauf beruhen, dem Zigarettenpapier bestimmte Chemikalien zuzusetzen, hatten eine Verfälschung des Tabakgeschmacks zur folge. Außerdem entstehen in einigen Fällen gesundheitlich bedenkliche Abbauprodukte.Unfortunately, the wrappers for smokers' articles proposed in the literature, which are supposed to enable a reduction of the sidestream smoke and / or self-extinguishing, could not prevail in practice. The proposals, based on adding chemicals to cigarette paper, led to a falsification of the tobacco taste. In addition, degradation products that are harmful to health arise in some cases.
In anderen Fällen besitzen die Umhüllungen unattraktive optische Eigenschaften, sei es, daß sie grau oder braun gefärbt sind, daß sie eine graue oder gar schwarze Asche bilden, daß kein geschlossener Ascheschlauch entsteht und/oder daß Kondensat bzw. Teer durchschlagen und unschöne braune Flecken bilden.In other cases, the coverings have unattractive optical properties, be it that they are colored gray or brown, that they form gray or even black ash, that there is no closed ash hose and / or that condensate or tar penetrate and form unsightly brown spots .
Gegen die Verwendung von zwei unterschiedlichen Papieren als Umhüllung spricht der höhere Preis; jeder Raucherartikel muß einen zweiten Verarbeitungsschritt durchlaufen. Zudem besteht die Gefahr, daß sich das äußere Papier löst, so daß das innere Papier sichtbar wird, das wegen seines Gehalts an Füllstoffen und sonstigen Chemikalien meist einen unschönen, künstlichen Anblick bietet, was erfahrungsgemäß zur Ablehnung durch den Verbraucher führt.The higher price speaks against the use of two different papers as wrapping; every smoker article has to go through a second processing step. In addition, there is a risk that the outer paper will come off, so that the inner paper is visible, which because of its content of fillers and other chemicals usually offers an unsightly, artificial sight, which experience has shown to result in rejection by the consumer.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Umhüllung für Raucherartikel, insbesondere für selbstlöschende Zigaretten, anzugeben, die in nur einem Arbeitsgang auf den Tabak aufgebracht werden kann, keinen Kondensatdurchschlag zeigt, einen standfesten, weißen Ascheschlauch ausbildet und den Übertritt von Abbauprodukten der in der Umhüllung vorgesehenen Chemikalien in den Hauptstromrauch weitestgehend verhindert.The present invention has for its object to provide a wrapper for smoking articles, in particular for self-extinguishing cigarettes, which can be applied to the tobacco in a single operation, shows no condensate penetration, forms a stable, white ash hose and the transfer of degradation products in the Wrapping chemicals provided in the mainstream smoke largely prevented.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine gattungsgemäße Umhüllung mit den Merkmalen gemäß Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1.This object is achieved by a generic covering with the features according to the characterizing part of
Damit ergeben sich die Vorteile, daß nur ein Papier verarbeitet werden muß, so daß sich die Herstellung der Raucherartikel unter Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Umhüllung in nichts unterscheidet von der Herstellung herkömmlicher Raucherartikel, insbesondere daß nur ein Arbeitsgang erforderlich ist, daß größere Freiheiten bei den Papierrezepturen gegeben sind, daß dank der Porenarmut bzw. Porenfreiheit der Zutritt von Luftsauerstoff zum Tabak hinter dem Glutkegel soweit verringert ist, daß der Abbrand praktisch gestoppt ist, daß durch eine gezielte Einstellung der Restporosität in Abstimmung mit den Gehalten an Füllstoffen und Glimmsalzen in der Deckschicht und der Unterschicht die Zeitspanne bis zum selbsttätigen Erlöschen in weiten Grenzen eingestellt werden kann, daß dank des Verbundes zwischen Unterschicht und Deckschicht ein einheitlicher, einwandfrei weißer und gleichmäßiger Ascheschlauch entsteht und daß bei einer Porenfreiheit der Unterschicht die Abbauprodukte der in der Deckschicht enthaltenen Füllstoffe und Chemikalien nicht in den Hauptstromrauch übertreten können.This results in the advantages that only one paper has to be processed, so that the manufacture of the smokers 'articles using the wrapping according to the invention differs in no way from the manufacture of conventional smokers' articles, in particular that only one operation is required to give greater freedom in the paper formulations are that thanks to the lack of pores or the absence of pores, the access of atmospheric oxygen to the tobacco behind the ember cone is reduced to such an extent that the combustion is practically stopped by a targeted adjustment of the residual porosity in coordination with the contents of fillers and glow salts in the top layer and Underlayer the time span until automatic extinction can be set within wide limits, that thanks to the bond between the underlayer and the top layer, a uniform, flawlessly white and even ash hose is created and that if the underlayer is free of pores, the degradation pr Products of the fillers and chemicals contained in the top layer cannot pass into the main stream smoke.
Es versteht sich, daß die Eigenschaften von Deckschicht und Unterschicht auch insoweit aufeinander abgestimmt werden müssen, daß eine einwandfreie Verarbeitung in der Papiermaschine usw. möglich ist. Das Schrumpfverhalten von Deck- und Unterschicht muß so aufeinander abgestimmt sein, daß ein faltenfreier Verbund möglich wird, daß sich das fertige Papier nicht rollt oder wirft und sich problemlos um den Tabakstrang herumlegen läßt.It goes without saying that the properties of the top layer and bottom layer must also be coordinated with one another to the extent that perfect processing in the paper machine etc. is possible. The shrinking behavior of the top and bottom layers must be coordinated so that a wrinkle-free bond is possible, that the finished paper does not roll or throw and can be easily wrapped around the tobacco rod.
Damit im Zusammenhang steht als eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung, auf die freie Fläche der Unterschicht eine dritte Papierschicht als Gegenkaschierung aufzubringen. Dabei sollten wenigstens die mechanischen Eigenschaften der dritten Papierschicht denen der Deckschicht in etwa entsprechen.In connection with this, an advantageous further development is to apply a third paper layer as counter lamination to the free surface of the lower layer. At least the mechanical properties of the third paper layer should correspond approximately to those of the cover layer.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung besitzt die Deckschicht ein Flächengewicht von 30 bis 40 g/m², vorzugsweise ca. 35 g/m², die Unterschicht von vorzugsweise 8 g /m². Die Unterschicht kann also sehr dünn im Vergleich zur Deckschicht gehalten werden, so daß sie die guten Glimmeigenschaften der Deckschicht praktisch nicht beeinträchtigt. Die Selbstlöschung wird dadurch gewährleistet, daß die Tabak-Brennzone hinter dem Glutkegel an Sauerstoff verarmt.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cover layer has a weight per unit area of 30 to 40 g / m², preferably approx. 35 g / m², the underlayer preferably 8 g / m². The underlayer can therefore be kept very thin in comparison to the top layer, so that it practically does not impair the good glow properties of the top layer. Self-extinguishing is ensured by the fact that the tobacco burning zone behind the ember cone is depleted of oxygen.
Die Luftdurchlässigkeit der Deckschicht ist vorzugsweise großer als 40 CU, was die Verarbeitung auf der Papiermaschine erleichtert, die der Unterschicht kleiner als 2 CU, was die Selbstlöschung verbessert. Letztlich ist jedoch entscheidend die Porenarmut bis Porenfreiheit des Papierverbundes.The air permeability of the cover layer is preferably greater than 40 CU, which facilitates processing on the paper machine, that of the underlayer is less than 2 CU, which improves self-extinguishing. Ultimately, however, the pore-poor to non-porous nature of the paper composite is decisive.
Die als bevorzugter Wert angegebene Saugfähigkeit der Deckschicht von 12 ± 2 mm/10 min, gemessen nach der Klemm-Methode gemäß DIN 53106, dient ebenso der einwandfreien Verarbeitung auf der Papiermaschine wie der angegebene Wert für die Rauhigkeit der Deckschicht von 50 ± 10 Bekk-Sekunden.The absorbency of the top layer, given as the preferred value, of 12 ± 2 mm / 10 min, measured according to the clamping method in accordance with DIN 53106, also serves for perfect processing on the paper machine, as does the value given for the roughness of the top layer, 50 ± 10 mm. Seconds.
Da es in vielen Fällen erwünscht ist, den Rauch mit Duft- und/oder Geschmacksstoffen anzureichern, wurde im Stand der Technik bereits vorgeschlagen, das Zigarettenpapier mit Tabakstaub, Aromastoffen oder anderweitigen Ingredienzien zu beschichten, wobei die Beschichtung mit Hilfe von Bindemitteln aufgebracht wurde. Bindemittel führen jedoch wie eingangs schon erwähnt meist zu einer unerwünschten Geschmacksveränderung. Außerdem ergab diese Beschichtung bei der Weiterverarbeitung Probleme infolge Staubbildung und Behinderung der Verklebung.Since it is desirable in many cases to enrich the smoke with fragrances and / or flavors, it has already been proposed in the prior art to add tobacco dust, flavorings or other ingredients to the cigarette paper coat, the coating being applied with the aid of binders. However, as mentioned at the beginning, binders usually lead to an undesirable change in taste. In addition, this coating caused problems due to dust formation and obstruction of the bond during further processing.
Die Erfindung schlägt stattdessen vor, entweder die Unterschicht mit Tabakstaub und/oder Aromastoffen zu füllen, oder aber diese Stoffe zwischen Deckschicht und Unterschicht einzubringen, bevor diese auf der Papiermaschine kaschiert werden. Beide Methoden können auch kombiniert werden.Instead, the invention proposes either to fill the underlayer with tobacco dust and / or flavoring agents, or to introduce these substances between the top layer and the underlayer before they are laminated on the paper machine. Both methods can also be combined.
Vorzugsweise sind Deckpapier und Unterpapier Zellstoffpapiere, wobei der Zellstoff aus Einjahrespflanzen wie Flachs, Hanf oder Esparto, aus Mehrjahrespflanzen wie Kiefer, Birke oder Eucalyptus oder aus Mischungen vorgenannter Fasern gewonnen sein kann.Cover paper and base paper are preferably cellulose papers, the cellulose being able to be obtained from annual plants such as flax, hemp or esparto, from annual plants such as pine, birch or eucalyptus or from mixtures of the aforementioned fibers.
Anhand der Zeichnung und der nachfolgenden Ausführungsbeispiele soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen rein schematisch
- Fig. 1
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine Zigarette mit einer ersten Umhüllung und
- Fig. 2
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine Zigarette mit einer zweiten Umhüllung.
- Fig. 1
- a longitudinal section through a cigarette with a first wrapper and
- Fig. 2
- a longitudinal section through a cigarette with a second wrapper.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen Schnitt durch eine Zigarette mit einer zweischichtigen Umhüllung. Das einen Tabakstrang 4 umhüllende Papier besitzt eine Deckschicht 1 sowie eine Unterschicht 2 und wurde durch Naßkaschieren auf der Papiermaschine hergestellt. Die Eigenschaften einer solchen Zigarette ergeben sich aus den nachfolgenden Ausführungsbeispielen.Fig. 1 shows a section through a cigarette with a two-layer wrapper. The paper enveloping a
Fig. 2 zeigt einen Schnitt durch eine weitere Zigarette mit einer dreischichtigen Umhüllung. Der Tabakstrang 4 ist umhüllt mit einem Papier mit Deckschicht 1 und Unterschicht 2. Die Unterschicht 2 ist mit einer dritten Papierschicht 3 gegenkaschiert, um ein Werfen oder Rollen des Papiers zu vermeiden. Hierzu sollten die mechanischen Eigenschaften der dritten Papierschicht 3 mit denen der Deckschicht 1 in etwa übereinstimmen. Es versteht sich, daß bei Bedarf noch weitere Papierschichten miteinander kaschiert werden können und daß so eine optimale Anpassung der Papierrezepturen an jeden gewünschten Zweck möglich ist, ohne daß sich die Verarbeitung dieser mehrschichtigen Umhüllungen von der Verarbeitung herkömmlicher Zigarettenpapiere unterscheidet.Fig. 2 shows a section through another cigarette with a three-layer wrapper. The
Bevor die verschiedenen Papierschichten 1, 2, 3 auf der Papiermaschine oder einer vergleichbaren Anlage kaschiert werden, können Tabakstaub, Aromastoffe und andere Ingredienzien eingebracht werden.Before the
Es versteht sich, daß die Eigenschaften der miteinander zu kaschierenden Papierschichten 1, 2, 3 nicht nur im Hinblick auf ihre Bestimmung als Umhüllung für insbesondere selbstlöschende Raucherartikel, sondern auch im Hinblick auf eine möglichst schnelle und einwandfreie Verarbeitung auf der Papiermaschine abgestimmt sein müssen. Dank des mehrschichtigen Aufbaus lassen sich alle Bedingungen vom Papierfachmann beherrschen.It goes without saying that the properties of the paper layers 1, 2, 3 to be laminated with one another must be coordinated not only with a view to their intended use as a covering for self-extinguishing smoking articles in particular, but also with a view to the fastest possible and flawless processing on the paper machine. Thanks to the multi-layer structure, all conditions can be mastered by the paper specialist.
Nachfolgend soll anhand von vier Beispielen gezeigt werden, mit welchen Maßnahmen es möglich ist, die Zeitspanne bis zum Selbstlöschen des Raucherartikels zu steuern.In the following, four examples are to be used to show which measures can be used to control the time until the smoking article extinguishes itself.
80 % gebleichter Flachs/Hanf-Zellstoff Mahlgrad 92 Grad SR
12 % gebleichter Eukalyptus-Zellstoff
6 % Calciumcarbonat
2 % Glimmsalz Natriumacetat
12% bleached eucalyptus pulp
6% calcium carbonate
2% glow salt sodium acetate
8 % gebleichter Kiefer-Sulfatzellstoff Mahlgrad 94 Grad SR
10 % gebleichter Flachs/Hanf-Zellstoff Mahlgrad 92 Grad SR
38 % gebleichter Esparto-Zellstoff
40 % Calciumcarbonat
4 % Glimmsalz Na/K-Citrat 50:50
10% bleached flax / hemp pulp freeness 92 degrees SR
38% bleached Esparto pulp
40% calcium carbonate
4% glow salt Na / K citrate 50:50
Durch Naßschierung auf der Papiermaschine wurde ein Papierverbund mit folgenden Eigenschaften hergestellt:
Die Selbstlöschzeit beträgt ca. 300 Sekunden.The self-extinguishing time is approximately 300 seconds.
50 % gebleichter Kiefer-Sulfatzellstoff Mahlgrad 94 Grad SR
47 % gebleichter Flachs/Hanf-Zellstoff Mahlgrad 92 Grad SR
3 % Calciumcarbonat
50% bleached pine sulfate pulp freeness 94 degrees SR
47% bleached flax / hemp pulp freeness 92 degrees SR
3% calcium carbonate
17 % gebleichter Flachs/Hanf-Zellstoff Mahlgrad 12 Grad SR
40 % gebleichter Eukalyptus-Zellstoff
40 % Calciumcarbonat
3 % Glimmsalz Na/K-Citrat 50:50
40% bleached eucalyptus pulp
40% calcium carbonate
3% glow salt Na / K citrate 50:50
Durch Naßkaschieren auf der Papiermaschine wurde daraus ein Papierverbund mit folgenden Eigenschaften hergestellt:
Die Selbstlöschzeit beträgt ca. 150 Sekunden.The self-extinguishing time is approximately 150 seconds.
100 % Flachs, Mahlgrad ca. 92 Grad SR,
20 % Flachs, Mahlgrad ca. 92 Grad SR,
42 % Esparto-Zellstoff
33 % Calciumcarbonat
5 % Glimmsalz Na/K-Citrat 50 : 50
42% Esparto pulp
33% calcium carbonate
5% glow salt Na / K citrate 50:50
Durch Naßkaschieren auf der Papiermaschine wurde daraus ein Papierverbund mit folgenden Eigenschaften hergestellt:
Die Selbstlöschzeit beträgt ca. 120 Sekunden.The self-extinguishing time is approximately 120 seconds.
100 % gebleichter Kiefer-Sulfatzellstoff, Mahlgrad 94 Grad SR
31 % gebleichter Kiefer-Sulfatzellstoff, Mahlgrad 94 Grad SR
25 % gebleichter Eukalyptus-Zellstoff
42 % Füllstoff Magnesiumcarbonat/Calciumcarbonat 30/70
2 % Glimmsalz Natriumacetat
25% bleached eucalyptus pulp
42% filler magnesium carbonate / calcium carbonate 30/70
2% glow salt sodium acetate
Durch Naßkaschieren auf der Papiermaschine wurde daraus ein Papierverbund mit folgenden Eigenschaften hergestellt:
Die Selbstlöschzeit beträgt ca. 90 Sekunden.The self-extinguishing time is approximately 90 seconds.
Da ein durchschnittlicher Raucher alle 40 Sekunden an seiner Zigarette zieht, bleibt genügend Zeitreserve, um ein unerwünschtes Erlöschen der Zigarette während des Rauchens zu verhindern. Im übrigen kann die Zeitspanne bis zum Erlöschen des Glutkegels durch den Durchmesser, den Stopfgrad und die Tabaksorte beeinflußt werden.Since an average smoker pulls on his cigarette every 40 seconds, there is enough time to prevent the cigarette from going out while smoking. Otherwise, the time until the ember cone goes out can be influenced by the diameter, the degree of stuffing and the type of tobacco.
In allen Fällen konnte eine Reduzierung des Nebenstromrauches beobachtet werden. Diese Reduzierung war um so größer, je kürzer die Selbstlöschzeit ist. Bei einer Zigarette mit einer Umhüllung nach Beispiel 3 beispielsweise konnte der Nebenstromrauch von 20,2 mg bei einer Standardzigarette auf 5,7 mg bei einer Versuchszigarette, das heißt um ca. 75 % , mit einer Umhüllung nach Beispiel 4 von 24,7 mg bei einer Standardzigarette auf 4,3 mg bei der Versuchszigarette, d. h. um ca. 82 %, reduziert werden. Es ist durch geeignete Variation der Papierrezepturen möglich, bei Zigaretten mit identischen Selbstlöschzeiten unterschiedliche Nebenstromrauchreduzierungen zu erzielen.A reduction in the sidestream smoke was observed in all cases. The shorter the self-extinguishing time, the greater this reduction. In the case of a cigarette with a wrapper according to Example 3, for example, the sidestream smoke from 20.2 mg with a standard cigarette to 5.7 mg with an experimental cigarette, that is to say by approximately 75%, with a wrapper according to Example 4 was 24.7 mg a standard cigarette can be reduced to 4.3 mg for the trial cigarette, ie by approx. 82%. By suitable variation of the paper recipes, it is possible to achieve different sidestream smoke reductions for cigarettes with identical self-extinguishing times.
Die Kondensat-, Nikotin- und Kohlenmonoxid-Werte im Hauptstromrauch werden durch die Tabakmischung, das Tabakgewicht, geeignete Zigarettenfilter und Ventilationsmundstocke gesteuert.The condensate, nicotine and carbon monoxide values in the mainstream smoke are controlled by the tobacco mixture, the tobacco weight, suitable cigarette filters and ventilation mouth sticks.
Claims (14)
- A wrapper for smoking articels, in particular for self-extinguishing cigarettes, produced from cellulose, containing filling materials and, optionally, burn promoting salts, characterised in that it consists of at least two layers of paper - a top layer (1) and an underlayer (2) - laminated on a paper-making machine or a comparable machine, wherein the top layer has the following properties
- basis weight 20 - 60 g/m² - bulk density 0.5 - 0.9 g/cm³ - air permeability 10 - 250 CU (Coresta Units) - filling material content 10 - 60 % - burn promoting salts content 0 - 5 % - basis weight 6 - 12 g/m² - bulk density 0.7 - 1 g/cm³ - air permeability 0 - 12 CU (Coresta Units). - A wrapping according to Claim 1, characterised in that the top layer (1) has a basis weight of 30 - 40 g/m², preferably 35 g/m².
- A wrapping according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the top layer (1) has an air permeability of more than 40 CU.
- A wrapping according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the top layer (1) has a filling material content of 30 - 45 %, preferably about 35 %.
- A wrapping according to Claim 4, characterised in that the filling materials consist of calcium and/or magnesium carbonate.
- A wrapping according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the absorption capacity of the top layer (1) is 12 ± 2 mm/10 min., measured in accordance with the Klemm method, according to DIN 53106.
- A wrapping according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the roughness of the top layer (1) is 50 ± 10 Bekk-seconds.
- A wrapping according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the underlayer (2) contains up to 6 % filling material and up to 2 % burn promoting salts.
- A wrapping according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the underlayer (2) has a basis weight of 8 g/m².
- A wrapping according to any one of Claim 1 to 9, characterised in that the underlayer (2) has an air permeability of 0 - 2 CU.
- A wrapping according to any one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the underlayer (2) is filled with tobacco duet and/or flavouring substances.
- A wrapping according to any one of Claims 1 to 11 characterised in that the tobacco dust and/or flavouring substances are introduced between the top layer (1) and the underlayer (2).
- A wrapping according to any one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the underlayer (12) is counter-laminated with a third layer of paper (3).
- A wrapping according to any one of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that it consists of flax, hemp, esparto, pine sulphate and/or eucalyptus cellulose.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT89117395T ATE96624T1 (en) | 1988-11-30 | 1989-09-20 | WRAPPING FOR SMOKING ARTICLES. |
CA 2004102 CA2004102C (en) | 1988-11-30 | 1989-11-29 | Wrapper for smoking article |
AU45763/89A AU614917B2 (en) | 1988-11-30 | 1989-11-30 | Non-porous cigarette paper |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3840329A DE3840329A1 (en) | 1988-11-30 | 1988-11-30 | COATING FOR SMOKING ITEMS |
DE3840329 | 1988-11-30 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0375844A2 EP0375844A2 (en) | 1990-07-04 |
EP0375844A3 EP0375844A3 (en) | 1990-12-12 |
EP0375844B1 true EP0375844B1 (en) | 1993-11-03 |
Family
ID=6368158
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89117395A Expired - Lifetime EP0375844B1 (en) | 1988-11-30 | 1989-09-20 | Wrapper for an article of smoking |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4984589A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0375844B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3840329A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2047080T3 (en) |
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- 1988-11-30 DE DE3840329A patent/DE3840329A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1989
- 1989-09-20 EP EP89117395A patent/EP0375844B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-09-20 ES ES89117395T patent/ES2047080T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-09-20 DE DE89117395T patent/DE58906110D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-11-30 US US07/444,036 patent/US4984589A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2047080T3 (en) | 1994-02-16 |
DE58906110D1 (en) | 1993-12-09 |
EP0375844A3 (en) | 1990-12-12 |
US4984589A (en) | 1991-01-15 |
EP0375844A2 (en) | 1990-07-04 |
DE3840329A1 (en) | 1990-06-07 |
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