EP0369283A2 - Sintered contact material for low-tension switchgear, particularly for contactors - Google Patents
Sintered contact material for low-tension switchgear, particularly for contactors Download PDFInfo
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- EP0369283A2 EP0369283A2 EP89120515A EP89120515A EP0369283A2 EP 0369283 A2 EP0369283 A2 EP 0369283A2 EP 89120515 A EP89120515 A EP 89120515A EP 89120515 A EP89120515 A EP 89120515A EP 0369283 A2 EP0369283 A2 EP 0369283A2
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- Prior art keywords
- bismuth
- oxide
- contact material
- zirconate
- sintered contact
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0021—Matrix based on noble metals, Cu or alloys thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
- H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
- H01H1/02372—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te
- H01H1/02376—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides containing as major components one or more oxides of the following elements only: Cd, Sn, Zn, In, Bi, Sb or Te containing as major component SnO2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/048—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by powder-metallurgical processes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a sintered contact material for low-voltage switching devices in energy technology, in particular for motor contactors, containing silver (Ag), tin oxide (SnO2), bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) and copper oxide (CuO) and made from an internally oxidized alloy powder (IOLP) of the metals silver, tin , Bismuth and copper, the tin oxide being present in mass fractions of 4 to 12% and the ratio of the mass fractions of tin oxide to bismuth oxide on the one hand and of tin oxide to copper oxide in the internally oxidized alloy powder, respectively, between 8: 1 and 12: 1.
- Contact materials based on silver-tin oxide have proven to be particularly advantageous for use in low-voltage switchgear in power engineering, for example in motor contactors, but also in circuit breakers.
- Contact pieces made of silver-tin oxide have a long service life in motor contactors, but have the disadvantage that thermally very stable oxide layers are formed on the contact surfaces when exposed to arcing, which leads to increased contact resistance. This leads to inadmissibly high excess temperatures on the switching elements when the continuous current is conducted in the switching device, which in particular can lead to damage to the plastic parts.
- DE-OS 34 21 758 and DE-OS 34 21 759 sintered contact materials of the constitution AgSnO2Bi2O3CuO are described which are made from internally oxidized alloy powders and describe the demands made today on the number of lifespans and on the other hand meet the switch-on capacity.
- These materials can have a relatively high bismuth oxide content, which is introduced either via the internally oxidized alloy powder or via a separate admixture of the bismuth oxide to the internally oxidized alloy powder.
- these materials only reach acceptable values with regard to overtemperature if the total mass fraction of oxide is limited to 8% to 11%.
- the object of the invention is therefore to create a material of the constitution AgSnO2Bi2O3CuO made of internally oxidized alloy powder, in which the silver content is as high as possible and the excess temperature as low as possible and in which the other properties are left in an optimal ratio to one another in order to save silver.
- bismuth zirconate (2Bi2O3.3ZrO2) and / or bismuth titanate (Bi2Ti2O7) is also present in a contact material made of the internally oxidized alloy powder of the type mentioned.
- the bismuth zirconate and / or the bismuth titanate are / are partially present as a mixed oxide or in a stoichiometric compound.
- the mass fraction of bismuth zirconate and / or bismuth titanate is preferably between 0.1 and 5%, the total content of the oxides in mass fractions being a maximum of 20%.
- bismuth zirconate powder and / or bismuth titanate powder are added to an internally oxidized alloy powder of a predetermined composition, organic solvents, in particular propanol, being used when the internally oxidized alloy powder is mixed with the powder of the additional oxides.
- the lifetime switching number corresponds to the volume erosion of the contact material and the overtemperature corresponds to the contact resistance.
- alloys made of AgSnBiCu are melted at a temperature of approximately 1323 K (1050 ° C.). Alloy powders of the same composition are obtained by atomizing the melt with water in a pressure atomization system. After drying, the powders are sieved to ⁇ 300 ⁇ m.
- the specified AgSnO2Bi2O3CuO powders are powdered from bismuth zirconate (2Bi2O3.3ZrO2) and / or bismuth titanate (Bi2Ti2O7) added by wet mixing in a stirred ball mill using propanol and steel balls. After the mixture has dried, the steel balls are separated from the respective powder mixture by sieving.
- the starting powders for the contact piece production of the material examples given in the table are composed as follows: 1. AgSnO29.3 Bi2O30.93 CuO0.93 + 2Bi2O3.3ZrO21.0 IOLP - PM 2. AgSnO28.0 Bi2O30.80 CuO0.80 + 2Bi2O3.3ZrO22.0 IOLP - PM 3.
- the internally oxidized alloy powder forms the basis with 100 percent by mass to which the additional oxides are added in percent by mass.
- the starting powder mixture produced is compressed with a pressing pressure of, for example, 600 MPa and the pressed bodies obtained are at a temperature between 1123 K (850 ° C.) and 1148 K (875 ° C.) sintered in air for 2 h.
- the sintered contact pieces are hot pressed at a temperature of 923 K (650 ° C) and a pressure of, for example, 1000 MPa.
- the grain size which can be controlled by the sintering temperature and duration, runs as a front inside the AgSnO2Bi2O3CuO powder particles 1.
- the oxide precipitates 2 have an elongated, partly streak-like shape and are high in zirconate and / or titanium.
- the structure of the structure according to the figure has a favorable influence on the electrical conductivity of the oxide layers which form on the contact surfaces when exposed to arcing.
- contact pieces for use as contact pieces in low voltage switchgear Advices of energy technology are expediently made of two-layer finished molded parts with a solderable pure silver layer. These molded parts can be soldered directly onto the contact carrier, for example by motor contactors.
- the new materials which were produced by sintering an internally oxidized alloy powder with the addition of bismuth zirconate powder and / or bismuth titanate powder, in particular with a total mass fraction of about 12% oxide, give the required improvement in the overtemperature behavior. Values from 60 K to 70 K were measured, the lifetime switching number remaining at the same high level of the prior art. The range of properties is thus improved overall, with silver being saved in any case.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Aus einem inneroxidierten Legierungspulver hergestellte Sinterkontaktwerkstoffe der Konstitution AgSnO2Bi2O3CuO sind bekannt. Gemäß der Erfindung ist zusätzlich wenigstens Wismutzirkonat und/oder Wismuttitanat in Massenanteilen von vorzugsweise zwischen 0,1 und 5 % vorhanden. Zur Herstellung dieser Werkstoffe wird Wismutzirkonat und/oder Wismuttitanat als separates Pulver dem inneroxidierten Legierungspulver aus AgSnO2Bi2O3CuO zugemischt. Mit einem solchen Kontaktwerkstoff wird insbesondere das Übertemperaturverhalten in Motorschützen wesentlich verbessert.Sintered contact materials of the constitution AgSnO2Bi2O3CuO made from an internally oxidized alloy powder are known. According to the invention, at least bismuth zirconate and / or bismuth titanate is additionally present in mass fractions of preferably between 0.1 and 5%. To produce these materials, bismuth zirconate and / or bismuth titanate is mixed as a separate powder with the internally oxidized alloy powder made of AgSnO2Bi2O3CuO. With such a contact material, in particular the overtemperature behavior in motor contactors is significantly improved.
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Sinterkontaktwerkstoff für Niederspannungsschaltgeräte der Energietechnik, insbesondere für Motorschütze, enthaltend Silber (Ag), Zinnoxid (SnO₂), Wismutoxid (Bi₂O₃) und Kupferoxid (CuO) und hergestellt aus einem inneroxidierten Legierungspulver (IOLP) der Metalle Silber, Zinn, Wismut und Kupfer, wobei das Zinnoxid in Massenanteilen von 4 bis 12 % vorhanden ist und das Verhältnis der Massenanteile von Zinnoxid zu Wismutoxid einerseits und von Zinnoxid zu Kupferoxid andererseits im inneroxidierten Legierungspulver jeweils zwischen 8:1 und 12:1 beträgt.The invention relates to a sintered contact material for low-voltage switching devices in energy technology, in particular for motor contactors, containing silver (Ag), tin oxide (SnO₂), bismuth oxide (Bi₂O₃) and copper oxide (CuO) and made from an internally oxidized alloy powder (IOLP) of the metals silver, tin , Bismuth and copper, the tin oxide being present in mass fractions of 4 to 12% and the ratio of the mass fractions of tin oxide to bismuth oxide on the one hand and of tin oxide to copper oxide in the internally oxidized alloy powder, respectively, between 8: 1 and 12: 1.
Für den Einsatz in Niederspannungsschaltgeräten der Energietechnik, beispielsweise in Motorschützen, aber auch in Leistungsschaltern haben sich Kontaktwerkstoffe auf der Basis von Silber-Zinnoxid als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen. Kontaktstücke aus Silber-Zinnoxid erreichen in Motorschützen eine hohe Lebensdauerschaltzahl, haben aber den Nachteil, daß sich hei Lichtbogeneinwirkung auf den Kontaktflächen thermisch sehr stabile Oxidschichten ausbilden, die zu einem erhöhten Kontaktwiderstand führen. Dadurch treten bei Dauerstromführung im Schaltgerät unzulässig hohe Übertemperaturen an den Schaltgliedern auf, die insbesondere zu Schäden an den Kunststoffteilen führen können.Contact materials based on silver-tin oxide have proven to be particularly advantageous for use in low-voltage switchgear in power engineering, for example in motor contactors, but also in circuit breakers. Contact pieces made of silver-tin oxide have a long service life in motor contactors, but have the disadvantage that thermally very stable oxide layers are formed on the contact surfaces when exposed to arcing, which leads to increased contact resistance. This leads to inadmissibly high excess temperatures on the switching elements when the continuous current is conducted in the switching device, which in particular can lead to damage to the plastic parts.
In der DE-OS 33 04 637, der DE-OS 34 21 758 und der DE-OS 34 21 759 werden aus inneroxidierten Legierungspulvern hergestellte Sinterkontaktwerkstoffe der Konstitution AgSnO₂Bi₂O₃CuO beschrieben, die einerseits die heute gestellten Forderungen an die Lebensdauerschaltzahl und andererseits an das Einschaltvermögen erfüllen. Bei diesen Werkstoffen kann ein relativ hoher Wismutoxid-Anteil vorhanden sein, der entweder über das inneroxidierte Legierungspulver oder über eine seperate Zumischung des Wismutoxides zum inneroxidierten Legierungspulver eingebracht wird. Allerdings erreichen diese werkstoffe hinsichtlich der Übertemperatur nur dann akzeptable Werte, wenn der Gesamtmassenanteil an Oxid auf 8 % bis 11 % begrenzt wird.In DE-OS 33 04 637, DE-OS 34 21 758 and DE-OS 34 21 759 sintered contact materials of the constitution AgSnO₂Bi₂O₃CuO are described which are made from internally oxidized alloy powders and describe the demands made today on the number of lifespans and on the other hand meet the switch-on capacity. These materials can have a relatively high bismuth oxide content, which is introduced either via the internally oxidized alloy powder or via a separate admixture of the bismuth oxide to the internally oxidized alloy powder. However, these materials only reach acceptable values with regard to overtemperature if the total mass fraction of oxide is limited to 8% to 11%.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, einen aus inneroxidiertem Legierungspulver hergestellten Werkstoff der Konstitution AgSnO₂Bi₂O₃CuO zu schaffen, bei welchem zwecks Silbereinsparung der Oxidanteil möglichst hoch und trotzdem die Übertemperatur möglichst niedrig und bei dem die übrigen Eigenschaften in einem optimalen Verhältnis zueinander belassen sind.The object of the invention is therefore to create a material of the constitution AgSnO₂Bi₂O₃CuO made of internally oxidized alloy powder, in which the silver content is as high as possible and the excess temperature as low as possible and in which the other properties are left in an optimal ratio to one another in order to save silver.
Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß bei einem Kontaktwerkstoff aus dem inneroxidierten Legierungspulver der eingangs genannten Art weiterhin Wismutzirkonat (2Bi₂O₃.3ZrO₂) und/oder Wismuttitanat (Bi₂Ti₂O₇) vorhanden ist. Das Wismutzirkonat und/oder das Wismuttitanat liegen/liegt teilweise als Mischoxid oder in stöchiometrischer Verbindung vor. Dabei beträgt der Massenanteil an Wismutzirkonat und/oder Wismuttitanat vorzugsweise zwischen 0,1 und 5 %, wobei der Gesamtgehalt der Oxide in Massenanteilen maximal 20 % beträgt.The object is achieved in that bismuth zirconate (2Bi₂O₃.3ZrO₂) and / or bismuth titanate (Bi₂Ti₂O₇) is also present in a contact material made of the internally oxidized alloy powder of the type mentioned. The bismuth zirconate and / or the bismuth titanate are / are partially present as a mixed oxide or in a stoichiometric compound. The mass fraction of bismuth zirconate and / or bismuth titanate is preferably between 0.1 and 5%, the total content of the oxides in mass fractions being a maximum of 20%.
Zur Herstellung eines solchen Werkstoffes wird einem inneroxidierten Legierungspulver vorgegebener Zusammensetzung Wismutzirkonatpulver und/oder Wismuttitanatpulver hinzugefügt, wobei beim Naßmischen des inneroxidierten Legierungspulvers mit dem Pulver der Zusatzoxide organische Lösungsmittel, insbesondere Propanol, verwendet werden.To produce such a material, bismuth zirconate powder and / or bismuth titanate powder are added to an internally oxidized alloy powder of a predetermined composition, organic solvents, in particular propanol, being used when the internally oxidized alloy powder is mixed with the powder of the additional oxides.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung ergab es sich überraschenderweise, daß speziell durch den Zusatz von Wismutzirkonatpulver und/oder Wismuttitanatpulver zu einem inneroxidierten Legierungspulver aus AgSnO₂Bi₂O₃CuO gegenüber dem Stand der Technik bei hoher Lebensdauerschaltzahl eine Absenkung der Übertemperatur erreicht wird.In the context of the invention, it was surprisingly found that, in particular, by adding bismuth zirconate powder and / or bismuth titanate powder to an internally oxidized alloy powder made of AgSnO₂Bi₂O₃CuO, a reduction in the excess temperature is achieved with a high number of life cycles.
Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung des Verfahrens zur Herstellung von Kontaktstücken aus dem neuen Werkstoff, wobei auf eine Figur und weiterhin eine Tabelle mit Einzelbeispielen für unterschiedliche Werkstoffzusammensetzungen Bezug genommen wird. Es zeigen
die Figur ein typisches Gefügebild des neuen Werkstoffes und
die Tabelle Meßwerte für die Lebensdauerschaltzahl und für die Übertemperatur.Further details and advantages of the invention result from the following description of the method for producing contact pieces from the new material, reference being made to a figure and also a table with individual examples for different material compositions. Show it
the figure is a typical structural picture of the new material and
the table of measured values for the lifetime switching number and for the overtemperature.
Die Lebensdauerschaltzahl korrespondiert bekanntermaßen mit dem Volumenabbrand des Kontaktwerkstoffes und die Übertemperatur mit dem Kontaktwiderstand. Es sind vier Beispiele des Standes der Technik und fünf Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung gegenübergestellt.As is known, the lifetime switching number corresponds to the volume erosion of the contact material and the overtemperature corresponds to the contact resistance. Four examples of the prior art and five exemplary embodiments of the invention are compared.
Zur Herstellung der inneroxidierten Legierungspulver für die in der Tabelle angegebenen Beispiele werden Legierungen aus AgSnBiCu bei einer Temperatur von etwa 1323 K (1050°C) erschmolzen. Durch Zerstäuben der Schmelze mit Wasser in einer Druckverdüsungsanlage werden daraus gleich zusammengesetzte Legierungspulver erhalten. Nach dem Trocknen werden die Pulver auf < 300 µm abgesiebt. Dieser Anteil wird in sauerstoffhaltiger Atmosphäre bei Temperaturen zwischen 773 K (500°C) und 873 K (600°C) quantitativ inneroxidiert, wonach AgSnO₂Bi₂O₃CuO- Pulver folgender Zusammensetzung in Massenanteilen in Prozent erhalten werden:
Den angegebenen AgSnO₂Bi₂O₃CuO-Pulvern werden Pulver aus Wismutzirkonat (2Bi₂O₃.3ZrO₂) und/oder Wismuttitanat (Bi₂Ti₂O₇) durch Naßmischen in einer Rührwerkskugelmühle unter Verwendung von Propanol und Stahlkugeln zugesetzt. Nach dem Trocknen des Gemisches werden die Stahlkugeln von der jeweiligen Pulvermischung durch Absieben getrennt. Die Ausgangspulver für die Kontaktstückherstellung der in der Tabelle angegebenen Werkstoffbeispiele sind wie folgt zusammengesetzt:
Bei dieser Aufstellung bildet das inneroxidierte Legierungspulver die Basis mit 100 Massenanteilen in Prozent, zu denen die Zusatzoxide in Massenanteilen bezogen auf 100 % hinzugemischt werden. Bei der Herstellung der Kontaktstücke wird das erzeugte Ausgangspulvergemisch mit einem Preßdruck von z.B. 600 MPa verdichtet und werden die erhaltenen Preßkörper bei einer Temperatur zwischen 1123 K (850°C) und 1148 K (875°C) über 2 h an Luft gesintert. Zur Erzielung einer kleinen Restporosität werden die gesinterten Kontaktstücke bei einer Temperatur von 923 K (650°C) und einem Druck von z.B. 1000 MPa warm nachgepreßt. Eine weitere Verdichtung und Verfestigung wird durch eine zweite Sinterung bei einer Temperatur zwischen 1123 K (850°C) und 1148 K (875°C) während 2 h erreicht. Anschließend erfolgt als letzter Herstellschritt ein Kaltkalibrieren zur Endform bei einem Druck von z.B. 1000 MPa.In this list, the internally oxidized alloy powder forms the basis with 100 percent by mass to which the additional oxides are added in percent by mass. In the manufacture of the contact pieces, the starting powder mixture produced is compressed with a pressing pressure of, for example, 600 MPa and the pressed bodies obtained are at a temperature between 1123 K (850 ° C.) and 1148 K (875 ° C.) sintered in air for 2 h. To achieve a small residual porosity, the sintered contact pieces are hot pressed at a temperature of 923 K (650 ° C) and a pressure of, for example, 1000 MPa. Further densification and solidification is achieved by a second sintering at a temperature between 1123 K (850 ° C) and 1148 K (875 ° C) for 2 hours. Then the last manufacturing step is a cold calibration to the final shape at a pressure of eg 1000 MPa.
Bei obigen Werkstoffen wird nach der Sinterung ein spezifisches Gefüge mit unterschiedlichen Oxidteilchengrößen und -formen sowie Oxidkonzentrationen erhalten, das in der Figur in Anlehnung an ein lichtmikroskopisches Gefügebild wiedergegeben ist. Erkennbar sind die ehemaligen Teilchen des inneroxidierten Legierungspulvers 1 mit Oxidfeinausscheidungen 2 und angelagerten gröberen Oxidausscheidungen 3. Durch die Umkörnung der Oxidausscheidungen an den Grenzen des inneroxidierten Legierungspulvers aus AgSnO₂Bi₂O₃CuO entsteht ein umschließendes, nahezu oxidfreies Silbernetzwerk 4, das eine hohe Sinterverdichtung bewirkt und die es aufgrund ihrer Duktilität erlaubt, einen nahezu porenfreien Kontaktwerkstoff durch Kaltverdichten herzustellen.In the above materials, a specific structure with different oxide particle sizes and shapes and oxide concentrations is obtained after sintering, which is shown in the figure based on a light microscopic micrograph. The former particles of the inner-oxidized
Die Umkörnung, die durch die Sintertemperatur und Sinterdauer steuerbar ist, verläuft als Front ins Innere der AgSnO₂Bi₂O₃CuO-Pulverteilchen 1. In dieser Front besitzen die Oxidausscheidungen 2 eine längliche, zum Teil schlierenartige Form und sind hoch zirkonat- und/oder titanathaltig.The grain size, which can be controlled by the sintering temperature and duration, runs as a front inside the
Überraschenderweise führt der Gefügeaufbau gemäß der Figur zu einer günstigen Beeinflussung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit der sich bei Lichtbogeneinwirkung auf den Kontaktflächen ausbildenden Oxidschichten.Surprisingly, the structure of the structure according to the figure has a favorable influence on the electrical conductivity of the oxide layers which form on the contact surfaces when exposed to arcing.
Zur Verwendung als Kontaktstücke in Niederspannungsschaltge räten der Energietechnik werden zweckmäßigerweise Zweischichten-Fertigformteile mit einer lötfähigen Reinsilberschicht gefertigt. Diese Formteile können unmittelbar auf die Kontaktträger beispielsweise von Motorschützen aufgelötet werden.For use as contact pieces in low voltage switchgear Advices of energy technology are expediently made of two-layer finished molded parts with a solderable pure silver layer. These molded parts can be soldered directly onto the contact carrier, for example by motor contactors.
Mit nach obiger Vorschrift hergestellten Kontaktstücken wurden Lebensdauer- und Erwärmungsprüfungen in Motorschützen durchgeführt. Es wurden Siemens-Schütze mit einem AC-3-Nennbetriebsstrom von 250 A verwendet. Wesentliche Kenngrößen sind dabei die Lebensdauerschaltzahl bei 4-fachem AC-3-Nennbetriebsstrom (4 x Ie AG-3=1000 A) und die maximale Übertemperatur der Anschlußschienen des Schaltgerätes bei Dauerführung des AC-1-Nennbetriebsstromes von IeAC-1=300 A. Die Messungen der Übertemperatur wurden während der Lebensdauerprüfung bis zu einer Schaltzahl von 5.10⁴ durchgeführt. Die zugehörigen Meßwerte sind in der Tabelle angegeben.With contact pieces manufactured according to the above regulations, service life and heating tests were carried out in motor contactors. Siemens contactors with an AC-3 nominal operating current of 250 A were used. Significant parameters are the lifespan number of operations with 4-fold AC-3 nominal operating current (4 x I e AG-3 = 1000 A) and the maximum overtemperature of the switching device's connecting rails when the AC-1 nominal operating current is kept at I eAC-1 = 300 A. The measurements of the overtemperature were carried out during the service life test up to a switching number of 5.10⁴. The associated measured values are given in the table.
Die vier Vergleichswerkstoffe des oben abgehandelten Standes der Technik, die durch Sinterung von inneroxidierten Legierungspulvern hergestellt wurden, sind eingangs aufgelistet. Die Meßwerte zeigen, daß bezüglich Übertemperatur Werkstoffe der Konstitution AgSnO₂Bi₂O₃CuO und AgSnO₂Bi₂O₃CuO + Bi₂O₃ Werte unterhalb von 80 K nicht erreichen, was in der Praxis in manchen Fällen als unbefriedigend angesehen wird.The four comparison materials of the prior art discussed above, which were produced by sintering internally oxidized alloy powders, are listed at the beginning. The measured values show that materials of the constitution AgSnO₂Bi₂O₃CuO and AgSnO₂Bi₂O₃CuO + Bi₂O₃ do not reach values below 80 K, which in practice is considered unsatisfactory in some cases.
Hier ergeben nun die neuen Werkstoffe, die durch Sinterung eines inneroxidierten Legierungspulvers unter Zumischung von Wismutzirkonatpulver und/oder Wismuttitanatpulver hergestellt wurden, insbesondere bei einem Gesamtmassenanteil von etwa 12 % Oxid, die geforderte Verbesserung des Übertemperaturverhaltens. Es wurden Werte von 60 K bis 70 K gemessen, wobei die Lebensdauerschaltzahl auf dem gleichen hohen Niveau des Standes der Technik bleibt. Damit ist das Eigenschaftspektrum insgesamt verbessert, wobei sich in jedem Fall eine Silbereinsparung ergibt.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE3838950 | 1988-11-17 | ||
DE3838950 | 1988-11-17 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP0369283A2 true EP0369283A2 (en) | 1990-05-23 |
EP0369283A3 EP0369283A3 (en) | 1991-03-13 |
EP0369283B1 EP0369283B1 (en) | 1994-09-14 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP89120515A Expired - Lifetime EP0369283B1 (en) | 1988-11-17 | 1989-11-06 | Sintered contact material for low-tension switchgear, particularly for contactors |
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Country | Link |
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US (1) | US4980125A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0369283B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2810162B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8905828A (en) |
DE (1) | DE58908359D1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992022080A1 (en) * | 1991-05-27 | 1992-12-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Silver-based contact material for use in power-engineering switchgear, and a method of manufacturing contacts made of this material |
WO1993026021A1 (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1993-12-23 | Doduco Gmbh + Co. | Material for electrical contacts based on silver-tin oxide or silver-zinc oxide |
DE4331526A1 (en) * | 1992-09-16 | 1994-03-17 | Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco | Electric contact material - based on silver@ and tin oxide with additives to improve work life |
CN113502414A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-10-15 | 暨南大学 | High-thermal-conductivity aviation aluminum alloy and application thereof in preparation of ultra-large-area LED light source radiator |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4201940A1 (en) * | 1992-01-24 | 1993-07-29 | Siemens Ag | SINTER COMPOSITE FOR ELECTRICAL CONTACTS IN SWITCHGEAR OF ENERGY TECHNOLOGY |
DE19503182C1 (en) * | 1995-02-01 | 1996-05-15 | Degussa | Sintered material used as electrical contacts for switching amperage rating |
US20090202855A1 (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2009-08-13 | Saxton David M | Porous sliding bearing and method of construction thereof |
US8320089B1 (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2012-11-27 | Musco Corporation | Apparatus, method, and system for integrating ground fault circuit interrupters in equipment-grounded high voltage systems |
CN108772053B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-12-15 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Bismuth titanate/bismuth oxide photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (4)
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DE3232627A1 (en) * | 1981-09-24 | 1983-04-07 | Doduco KG Dr. Eugen Dürrwächter, 7530 Pforzheim | Material for electrical contacts |
EP0164664A2 (en) * | 1984-06-12 | 1985-12-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Sintered contact material for low-tension energy switchgear |
EP0170812A2 (en) * | 1984-06-12 | 1986-02-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the manufacture of sintered contact material |
EP0182386A2 (en) * | 1983-02-10 | 1986-05-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method of producing contact parts |
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US4141727A (en) * | 1976-12-03 | 1979-02-27 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Electrical contact material and method of making the same |
DE3146972A1 (en) * | 1981-11-26 | 1983-06-01 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | METHOD FOR PRODUCING MOLDED PARTS FROM CADMIUM-FREE SILVER METAL OXIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR ELECTRICAL CONTACTS |
DE3466122D1 (en) * | 1984-01-30 | 1987-10-15 | Siemens Ag | Contact material and production of electric contacts |
-
1989
- 1989-11-06 DE DE58908359T patent/DE58908359D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-11-06 EP EP89120515A patent/EP0369283B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-11-15 JP JP1295181A patent/JP2810162B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-11-17 US US07/438,740 patent/US4980125A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-11-17 BR BR898905828A patent/BR8905828A/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
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DE3232627A1 (en) * | 1981-09-24 | 1983-04-07 | Doduco KG Dr. Eugen Dürrwächter, 7530 Pforzheim | Material for electrical contacts |
EP0182386A2 (en) * | 1983-02-10 | 1986-05-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method of producing contact parts |
EP0164664A2 (en) * | 1984-06-12 | 1985-12-18 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Sintered contact material for low-tension energy switchgear |
EP0170812A2 (en) * | 1984-06-12 | 1986-02-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for the manufacture of sintered contact material |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1992022080A1 (en) * | 1991-05-27 | 1992-12-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Silver-based contact material for use in power-engineering switchgear, and a method of manufacturing contacts made of this material |
WO1993026021A1 (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1993-12-23 | Doduco Gmbh + Co. | Material for electrical contacts based on silver-tin oxide or silver-zinc oxide |
US5610347A (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1997-03-11 | Doduco Gmbh & Co. Dr. Eugen Durrwachter | Material for electric contacts taking silver-tin oxide or silver-zinc oxide as basis |
CN1036099C (en) * | 1992-06-10 | 1997-10-08 | 欧根·迪尔瓦克特博士多杜科股份公司 | Material for electrical contacts based on silver-tin oxide or silver-zinc oxide |
DE4331526A1 (en) * | 1992-09-16 | 1994-03-17 | Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco | Electric contact material - based on silver@ and tin oxide with additives to improve work life |
DE4331526C2 (en) * | 1992-09-16 | 1998-07-30 | Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco | Material for electrical contacts based on silver-tin oxide or silver-zinc oxide and method for producing a composite powder therefor |
US5822674A (en) * | 1992-09-16 | 1998-10-13 | Doduco Gmbh + Co. Dr. Eugen Durrwachter | Electrical contact material and method of making the same |
DE4331526C3 (en) * | 1992-09-16 | 2003-11-06 | Ami Doduco Gmbh | Material for electrical contacts based on silver-tin oxide or silver-zinc oxide and method for producing a composite powder therefor |
CN113502414A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-10-15 | 暨南大学 | High-thermal-conductivity aviation aluminum alloy and application thereof in preparation of ultra-large-area LED light source radiator |
CN113502414B (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2022-01-07 | 暨南大学 | High-thermal-conductivity aviation aluminum alloy and application thereof in preparation of ultra-large-area LED light source radiator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR8905828A (en) | 1990-06-12 |
EP0369283B1 (en) | 1994-09-14 |
JPH02185937A (en) | 1990-07-20 |
US4980125A (en) | 1990-12-25 |
JP2810162B2 (en) | 1998-10-15 |
EP0369283A3 (en) | 1991-03-13 |
DE58908359D1 (en) | 1994-10-20 |
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