EP0366926B1 - Post arrangement for fences - Google Patents

Post arrangement for fences Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0366926B1
EP0366926B1 EP89117672A EP89117672A EP0366926B1 EP 0366926 B1 EP0366926 B1 EP 0366926B1 EP 89117672 A EP89117672 A EP 89117672A EP 89117672 A EP89117672 A EP 89117672A EP 0366926 B1 EP0366926 B1 EP 0366926B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
head
bending beam
sensor element
support
evaluation
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP89117672A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0366926A3 (en
EP0366926A2 (en
Inventor
Wilhelm Rademacher
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Individual
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/02Mechanical actuation
    • G08B13/12Mechanical actuation by the breaking or disturbance of stretched cords or wires
    • G08B13/122Mechanical actuation by the breaking or disturbance of stretched cords or wires for a perimeter fence

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a boom device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the known boom device from which the invention is based (brochure RKS "security fence - electronically monitored”) is particularly intended and suitable for securing high-security areas, weapon depots, machine parks or the like and is intended to prevent a corresponding enclosure from being climbed over. For example, it should be prevented that a top layer made of barbed wire can be overcome after being covered by blankets or the like.
  • the jib head of the known jib device is monitored for pressure stress, so that it is ensured that a pushing of the jib head caused by the weight of an intruder into the jib carrier causes a signal of the evaluation and switching device.
  • the printing device does not necessarily have to act directly between the boom head and the boom support, but rather the boom head can also have an elongated head holder which is displaceably guided in the boom carrier or in the boom head and the printing device is then arranged between the boom carrier and the boom head.
  • the known boom device also has an effective upper holding device between the boom head and the boom carrier, by which the upper normal position of the boom head is defined and by which the boom head is pulled out of the boom carrier or prevented from being removed upwards.
  • the boom device is adjustable in terms of the weight that leads to an alarm being triggered by the fact that the vertical position of the upper holding device is adjustable. The consequence of this construction is that an individual adjustment on each fence post or the like is necessary and that when the adjustment is made to a different weight, the upper normal position of the boom head also changes at the same time.
  • a such cantilever head can be easily supported by mechanical means, in such a way that, despite weight loading, a longitudinal displacement of the cantilever head relative to the cantilever carrier does not occur, but rather only an inclination occurs which cannot be determined by the known evaluation and switching device.
  • the sensor element of the evaluation and switching device present in the known boom device is an electromechanical switch which can be actuated by the downward movement of the boom head or the head holder.
  • the subject of a post-published prior art (EP-A 298 320, EP application 88 110 094.5) is a cantilever device of the type in question, in which the sensor element is flat and in a space between the end face of the cantilever beam facing the cantilever head and the End face of the boom carrier facing the boom head is arranged and responds to any change in position, in particular to an inclination of the boom head relative to the boom carrier.
  • the sensor element here is a rubber buffer with several embedded sensors, which is biased by the upper holding device. This sensor element is arranged in the free space so that it is protected against external interference.
  • the sensors are strain gauges, piezo elements or the like.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing and developing the boom device described at the outset, which is known from the pre-published prior art, in such a way that high reliability and simplest setting options are linked to the lowest possible error alarm probability.
  • Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a section of a fence 1 in the form of a fence with fence mats 2, which are attached to fence posts 3, namely welded.
  • the fence post 3 carries a cantilever head 4, which is designed as a Y-boom in the preferred exemplary embodiment shown here, and also provides only as a preferred one Use case, a receiving body for a cantilever beam 5 carrying the boom head 4.
  • a receiving body for a cantilever beam 5 carrying the boom head 4.
  • a variety of other alternatives are possible in principle, for example the use of a wall post as a receiving body, etc.
  • a fence 1 in the form of a fence, ie with Fence post 3 and fence mats 2 ran out.
  • Fig. 2 makes it clear that the boom head 4 does not necessarily have to have the shape of the Y-boom shown, but that the boom head 4 itself can also be a further fence post, the fence mat 2 attached to the boom head 4 can also be in one plane the fence mat 2 can lie on the fence post 3. It is also entirely possible that the boom support 5 is completely sunk into the ground, so that only the fence mat 2 attached to the boom head 4 appears as the actual fence.
  • the evaluation and switching device 7 has a sensor element 8.
  • the sensor element 8 detects a load or relief of the boom head 4 and when a limit value that can be set in the evaluation and switching device 7 for the measurement signal of the sensor element 8 is exceeded, a switching signal can be triggered by the evaluation and switching device 7.
  • the pressure device 6 has a bending beam 9 arranged between an end face of the boom head 4 facing the boom support 5 and an end face of the boom support 5 facing the boom head 4 and that the end face of the boom head 4 stands on the freely floating bending area 10 of the bending beam 9 and that this Sensor element 8 is designed as an element which responds to the bending of the bending beam 9, in particular as a strain gauge sensor or the like, and is connected to the bending beam 9 or integrated in the bending beam 9. Even a slight displacement of the cantilever head 4, which only serves to transmit the necessary force to the bending beam 9, is sufficient in this construction to change the measurement signal of the sensor element 8.
  • the sensor element has been moved into the interior of the fence post 3 or the like in order not to make it accessible from the outside.
  • the boom device according to the invention which is therefore expediently characterized in that the boom head 4 has an elongated head holder 11 which extends deep into the boom carrier 5 and is guided in the boom carrier 5, and the bending beam 9 is deeply recessed in the boom carrier 5 at the lower end of the Head holder 11 is arranged.
  • an elongated guide by means of a corresponding head holder 11 is recommended.
  • the head holder 11 is guided in the cantilever support 5 in the illustrated, schematically represented exemplary embodiment by two bearings 12 at the upper end of the cantilever support 5 or at the lower end of the head holder 11, which are designed here as roller bearings or ball bearings, so that each one however Directional loading and unloading of the boom head 4 is transmitted to the bending beam 9 only in the form of a vertical force component.
  • the bending beam 9 could in principle be clamped on one side, that is to say it could be designed as a cantilever. A two-sided clamping of the bending beam 9 would also be conceivable.
  • the bending beam 9 is designed to rest on two sides, that is to say the end face of the cantilever beam 5 consists of two beam supports 13.
  • the boom support 5 is designed as a sleeve inserted into the fence post 3 and at the end carrying the beam supports 13 in a flange-like manner. This is very useful in terms of construction, although other forms of construction are also conceivable.
  • An alternative embodiment for bending beams and beam supports is not shown in the drawing. It is characterized in that the end face of the cantilever beam is designed as a ring, in particular as a circular ring, and the bending beam is designed as a correspondingly shaped disk resting on the ring or circular ring.
  • a bending beam that rests on all sides, in the form of a bending disk, can be advantageous under certain conditions, for example when the bending beam itself is designed as a piezo element. This will be discussed in more detail later.
  • the rest of the above-mentioned holding device should expediently be provided with travel limit stops for lifting the boom head from the boom carrier and / or pushing the boom head against the boom carrier. This prevents the bending beam from being overstressed and prevents damage or destruction of the sensor element 8 and the evaluation and switching device 7.
  • strain gauges are preferably used for the sensor element 8.
  • piezo elements are also conceivable as force transducers, for example also modern synthetic polymers which exhibit piezoelectric effects (e.g. polyvinylidene fluoride, PVF2).
  • the sensor element For the purpose of increased measuring accuracy, it is recommended that the sensor element have a number of strain gauges or the like distributed on or in the bending beam.
  • a differential measurement with several strain gauges or the like can be realized, for example, in that the sensor element has a strain gauge or the like both on the side of the bending beam facing the boom head and on the side of the bending beam facing away from the boom head, and the like the measurement signals from both strain gauges or the like can be combined in the evaluation and switching device for signal amplification.
  • a sensor element 8 designed as a strain gauge sensor there are various possibilities for attaching the strain gauge (s) to or in the bending beam 9.
  • a constructive solution has proven to be particularly expedient, which is characterized in that the sensor element 8 designed as a strain gauge sensor has, as a strain gauge, a resistance paste applied to an elastically deformable substrate, in particular an epoxy resin board.
  • This solution is particularly useful because an electronic evaluation circuit of the evaluation and switching device 7 can be arranged or applied to such a substrate. A highly integrated circuit solution is thus achieved.
  • the bending beam could itself form an overall sensor element.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a cantilever device according to the invention, in which the sensor element 8 works capacitively.
  • the bending beam 9 is at the same time a capacitor plate 13 of a measuring capacitor serving as a sensor element 8, which also has a positionally stable capacitor plate 14 attached to the cantilever support 5.
  • a compressible or displaceable dielectric 15 is located between the capacitor plates 13, 14.
  • the capacitance of the network capacitor serving as sensor element 8 is evaluated by means of the evaluation and switching device 7 indicated here.
  • the bending beam 9 serving as the capacitor plate 13 is loaded, this capacitor plate 13 is in any case pressed closer to the capacitor plate 14 in the central region, so that the capacitance of the measuring capacitor increases.
  • the capacitance is namely inversely proportional to the distance between the capacitor plates 13, 14.
  • a correspondingly selected dielectric 15 with a high dielectric constant also enables high and strongly changing capacitance values to be achieved.
  • the evaluation and switching device 7 can work with this capacitive measuring method, for example, so that the measuring capacitor is the frequency-determining variable of a response oscillator, so that a frequency change can be evaluated, or that there is a corresponding change in the amplitude of the oscillator oscillation, which can also be evaluated.
  • the capacitor plate 13 can of course also be attached to the bending beam 9; the only important thing is the change in the distance of the capacitor plates 13, 14 depending on the load condition of the boom head 4.
  • the following also applies that at the lower end of the boom carrier 5 a trough-like receiving cap 16 for the capacitor plates 13, 14 is attached via fastening screws 17.
  • a further preferred embodiment applies, which is characterized in that in the evaluation and switching device, an automatically acting compensation for slow changes in the measurement signal of the sensor element, that is, an automatic zero point correction is provided.
  • an automatic zero point correction it can be achieved, for example, that a slowly increasing snow load on the boom head does not lead to an alarm.
  • external limit values will probably also be provided for this zero point correction.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Auslegereinrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a boom device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Die bekannte Auslegereinrichtung, von der die Erfindung ausgeht (Prospekt RKS "Sicherheitszaun - elektronisch überwacht"), ist insbesondere zur Absicherung von Hochsicherheitsbereichen, Waffendepots, Maschinenparks od. dgl. bestimmt und geeignet und soll verhindern, daß eine entsprechende Einfriedung überklettert werden kann. Beispielsweise soll verhindert werden, daß ein aus Stacheldraht aufgebauter Oberleger nach Abdecken mittels Decken od. dgl. überwunden werden kann. Dazu wird der Auslegerkopf der bekannten Auslegereinrichtung auf Druckbeanspruchung hin überwacht, so daß sichergestellt ist, daß ein durch Körpergewicht eines Eindringlings hervorgerufenes Herandrücken des Auslegerkopfes an den Auslegerträger ein Signal der Auswerte- und Schalteinrichtung hervorruft. Die Druckvorrichtung muß dabei nicht unbedingt zwischen Auslegerkopf und Auslegerträger unmittelbar wirken, der Auslegerkopf kann vielmehr auch einen langgestreckten Kopfhalter aufweisen, der im Auslegerträger oder im Auslegerkopf verschiebbar geführt ist und zwischen dem und dem Auslegerträger bzw. dem Auslegerkopf dann die Druckvorrichtung angeordnet ist.The known boom device from which the invention is based (brochure RKS "security fence - electronically monitored") is particularly intended and suitable for securing high-security areas, weapon depots, machine parks or the like and is intended to prevent a corresponding enclosure from being climbed over. For example, it should be prevented that a top layer made of barbed wire can be overcome after being covered by blankets or the like. For this purpose, the jib head of the known jib device is monitored for pressure stress, so that it is ensured that a pushing of the jib head caused by the weight of an intruder into the jib carrier causes a signal of the evaluation and switching device. The printing device does not necessarily have to act directly between the boom head and the boom support, but rather the boom head can also have an elongated head holder which is displaceably guided in the boom carrier or in the boom head and the printing device is then arranged between the boom carrier and the boom head.

Die bekannte Auslegereinrichtung weist im übrigen eine zwischen dem Auslegerkopf und dem Auslegerträger wirksame obere Haltevorrichtung auf, durch die die obere Normalstellung des Auslegerkopfes definiert ist und durch die ein Herausziehen des Auslegerkopfes aus dem Auslegerträger bzw. ein Abnehmen nach oben verhindert wird. Die Auslegereinrichtung ist hinsichtlich des Gewichts, das zu einer Alarmauslösung führt, dabei dadurch einstellbar, daß die vertikale Lage der oberen Haltevorrichtung einstellbar ist. Diese Konstruktion hat zur Folge, daß eine Einzeleinstellung an jedem Zaunpfosten od. dgl. erforderlich ist und daß sich bei einer Einstellung auf ein anderes Gewicht gleichzeitig auch die obere Normalstellung des Auslegerkopfes ändert. Außerdem hat sich gezeigt, daß ein solcher Auslegerkopf durch mechanische Mittel leicht abgestützt werden kann, und zwar so, daß trotz Gewichtsbelastung eine Längsverschiebung des Auslegerkopfes gegenüber dem Auslegerträger nicht eintritt, vielmehr nur eine Neigung eintritt, die von der bekannten Auswerte- und Schalteinrichtung nicht feststellbar ist.The known boom device also has an effective upper holding device between the boom head and the boom carrier, by which the upper normal position of the boom head is defined and by which the boom head is pulled out of the boom carrier or prevented from being removed upwards. The boom device is adjustable in terms of the weight that leads to an alarm being triggered by the fact that the vertical position of the upper holding device is adjustable. The consequence of this construction is that an individual adjustment on each fence post or the like is necessary and that when the adjustment is made to a different weight, the upper normal position of the boom head also changes at the same time. It has also been shown that a such cantilever head can be easily supported by mechanical means, in such a way that, despite weight loading, a longitudinal displacement of the cantilever head relative to the cantilever carrier does not occur, but rather only an inclination occurs which cannot be determined by the known evaluation and switching device.

Das Sensorelement der bei der bekannten Auslegereinrichtung vorhandenen Auswerte- und Schalteinrichtung ist ein elektromechanischer Schalter, der durch die Abwärtsbeweung des Auslegerkopfes bzw. des Kopfhalters betätigbar ist. Gegenstand eines nachveröffentlichten Standes der Technik (EP-A 298 320, EP-Anmeldung 88 110 094.5) ist eine Auslegereinrichtung der in Rede stehenden Art, bei der das Sensorelement flächig ausgeführt und in einem Freiraum zwischen der dem Auslegerträger zugewandten Endfläche des Auslegerkopfes und der dem Auslegerkopf zugewandten Endfläche des Auslegerträgers angeordnet ist und auf jede Lageänderung, insbesondere auf eine Neigung des Auslegerkopfes gegenüber dem Auslegerträger anspricht. Das Sensorelement ist hier ein Gummipuffer mit mehreren eingelassenen Sensoren, der durch die obere Haltevorrichtung vorgespannt ist. Dieses Sensorelement ist im Freiraum so angeordnet, daß es gegen Eingriffe von außen geschützt ist. Bei den Sensoren handelt es sich um Dehnungsmeßstreifen, Piezoelemente od. dgl.The sensor element of the evaluation and switching device present in the known boom device is an electromechanical switch which can be actuated by the downward movement of the boom head or the head holder. The subject of a post-published prior art (EP-A 298 320, EP application 88 110 094.5) is a cantilever device of the type in question, in which the sensor element is flat and in a space between the end face of the cantilever beam facing the cantilever head and the End face of the boom carrier facing the boom head is arranged and responds to any change in position, in particular to an inclination of the boom head relative to the boom carrier. The sensor element here is a rubber buffer with several embedded sensors, which is biased by the upper holding device. This sensor element is arranged in the free space so that it is protected against external interference. The sensors are strain gauges, piezo elements or the like.

Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, die eingangs erläuterte, aus vorveröffentlichtem Stand der Technik bekannte Auslegereinrichtung so auszugestalten und weiterzubilden, daß eine hohe Zuverlässigkeit und einfachste Einstellmöglichkeiten mit einer geringstmöglichen Fehleralarmwahrscheinlichkeit verknüpft sind.The invention is based on the object of designing and developing the boom device described at the outset, which is known from the pre-published prior art, in such a way that high reliability and simplest setting options are linked to the lowest possible error alarm probability.

Die zuvor aufgezeigte Aufgabe ist bei einer Auslegereinrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils von Anspruch 1 gelöst. Erfindungsgemäß ist erkannt worden, daß schon geringste Verlagerungen des Auslegerkopfes gegenüber dem Auslegerträger durch einen Biegebalken in Verbindung mit einem entsprechend angepaßten Sensorelement in auswertbare Meßsignale umsetzbar sind. Diese können auf einfachste Weise dann im Rahmen einer elektronischen Auswerteschaltung ausgewertet und zur Auslösung eines Schaltsignals, Alarmsignals od. dgl. verwendet werden. Der Biegebalken stellt dabei einerseits die Druckvorrichtung dar, von der der Auslegerkopf getragen wird, ist andererseits Hilfsmittel für die Auswerte- und Schalteinrichtung, indem er das Sensorelement trägt oder das Sensorelement aufnimmt bzw. als Sensorelement dient.The above-mentioned object is achieved in a boom device according to the preamble of claim 1 by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. According to the invention, it has been recognized that even the slightest Displacements of the cantilever head relative to the cantilever beam can be converted into evaluable measurement signals by means of a bending beam in conjunction with a correspondingly adapted sensor element. These can then be evaluated in the simplest way as part of an electronic evaluation circuit and used to trigger a switching signal, alarm signal or the like. The bending beam represents on the one hand the pressure device by which the boom head is carried, and on the other hand is an aid for the evaluation and switching device in that it carries the sensor element or accommodates the sensor element or serves as a sensor element.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Lehre der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen erläutert. Weitere Erläuterungen finden sich auch in der nachfolgenden Erläuterung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung.Advantageous refinements and developments of the teaching of the invention are explained in the subclaims. Further explanations can also be found in the following explanation of a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawing.

In der Zeichnung zeigt

Fig. 1
in einer perspektivischen Ansicht ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Auslegereinrichtung,
Fig. 2
in einer Fig. 1 entsprechenden Darstellung ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Auslegereinrichtung,
Fig. 3
im Schnitt, ausschnittweise dargestellt, einen Zaunpfosten mit einer integrierten erfindungsgemäßen Auslegereinrichtung und
Fig. 4
im Schnitt, ausschnittweise, ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Biegebalkens.
In the drawing shows
Fig. 1
a perspective view of an embodiment of a boom device,
Fig. 2
1 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a boom device,
Fig. 3
in section, shown in sections, a fence post with an integrated boom device according to the invention and
Fig. 4
in section, sections, another embodiment of a bending beam.

Fig. 1 zeigt zunächst in perspektivischer Ansicht einen Ausschnitt einer Einfriedung 1 in Form eines Zauns mit Zaunmatten 2, die an Zaunpfosten 3 angebracht, nämlich angeschweißt sind. Der Zaunpfosten 3 trägt einen, im hier dargestellten und bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel als Y-Ausleger ausgeführten Auslegerkopf 4 und stellt, ebenfalls lediglich als bevorzugter Anwendungsfall, einen Aufnahmekörper für einen den Auslegerkopf 4 tragenden Auslegerträger 5 dar. Eine Vielzahl anderer Alternativen sind grundsätzlich möglich, beispielsweise die Nutzung eines Mauerpfostens als Aufnahmekörper usw. Zum Zwecke der einfacheren Erläuterung wird nachfolgend stets von einer Einfriedung 1 in Form eines Zauns, also mit Zaunpfosten 3 und Zaunmatten 2 ausgegangen.Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a section of a fence 1 in the form of a fence with fence mats 2, which are attached to fence posts 3, namely welded. The fence post 3 carries a cantilever head 4, which is designed as a Y-boom in the preferred exemplary embodiment shown here, and also provides only as a preferred one Use case, a receiving body for a cantilever beam 5 carrying the boom head 4. A variety of other alternatives are possible in principle, for example the use of a wall post as a receiving body, etc. For the purpose of simpler explanation, a fence 1 in the form of a fence, ie with Fence post 3 and fence mats 2 ran out.

Fig. 2 macht deutlich, daß der Auslegerkopf 4 nicht notwendig die Form des dargestellten Y-Auslegers haben muß, sondern daß der Auslegerkopf 4 durchaus selbst auch ein weiterer Zaunpfosten sein kann, die am Auslegerkopf 4 befestigte Zaunmatte 2 also durchaus dann in einer Ebene mit der Zaunmatte 2 am Zaunpfosten 3 liegen kann. Möglich ist es durchaus auch, daß der Auslegerträger 5 voll im Boden versenkt ist, so daß als eigentlicher Zaun überhaupt nur die am Auslegerkopf 4 befestigte Zaunmatte 2 erscheint.Fig. 2 makes it clear that the boom head 4 does not necessarily have to have the shape of the Y-boom shown, but that the boom head 4 itself can also be a further fence post, the fence mat 2 attached to the boom head 4 can also be in one plane the fence mat 2 can lie on the fence post 3. It is also entirely possible that the boom support 5 is completely sunk into the ground, so that only the fence mat 2 attached to the boom head 4 appears as the actual fence.

Fig. 3 zeigt nun zunächst eine zwischen dem Auslegerkopf 4 und dem Auslegerträger 5 wirkende Druckvorrichtung 6 sowie eine Auswerte- und Schalteinrichtung 7. Mittels der Druckvorrichtung 6 ist der Auslegerkopf 4 normalerweise in einer Normalstellung gehalten, jedoch belastend bzw. entlastend gegenüber dem Auslegerträger 5 bewegbar. Die Auswerte- und Schalteinrichtung 7 weist ein Sensorelement 8 auf. Das Sensorelement 8 stellt eine Belastung bzw. Entlastung des Auslegerkopfes 4 fest und bei Überschreiten eines in der Auswerte- und Schalteinrichtung 7 einstellbaren Grenzwertes für das Meßsignal des Sensorelementes 8 ist von der Auswerte- und Schalteinrichtung 7 ein Schaltsignal auslösbar.3 now shows a pressure device 6 acting between the boom head 4 and the boom support 5, and an evaluation and switching device 7. By means of the pressure device 6, the boom head 4 is normally held in a normal position, but can be moved with respect to the boom support 5 in a load-bearing or relieving manner . The evaluation and switching device 7 has a sensor element 8. The sensor element 8 detects a load or relief of the boom head 4 and when a limit value that can be set in the evaluation and switching device 7 for the measurement signal of the sensor element 8 is exceeded, a switching signal can be triggered by the evaluation and switching device 7.

Wesentlich ist nun, daß die Druckvorrichtung 6 einen zwischen einer dem Auslegerträger 5 zugewandten Endfläche des Auslegerkopfes 4 und einer dem Auslegerkopf 4 zugewandten Endfläche des Auslegerträgers 5 angeordneten Biegebalken 9 aufweist und der Auslegerkopf 4 mit seiner Endfläche auf dem freischwebenden Biegebereich 10 des Biegebalkens 9 aufsteht und daß das Sensorelement 8 als auf die Biegung des Biegebalkens 9 ansprechendes Element, insbesondere als Dehnungsmeßstreifensensor od. dgl., ausgeführt und mit dem Biegebalken 9 verbunden oder in den Biegebalken 9 integriert ist. Schon eine geringfügige, lediglich der erforderlichen Kraftübertragung auf den Biegebalken 9 dienende Verlagerung des Auslegerkopfes 4 reicht bei dieser Konstruktion aus, um das Meßsignal des Sensorelements 8 zu ändern. Überschreitet diese Änderung einen in der Auswerte- und Schalteinrichtung 7 eingestellten Grenzwert nach oben oder auch nach unten (beim Anheben des Auslegerkopfes 4), so können entsprechende Schalt- und/oder Alarmsignale ausgelöst werden. Auch bei der erfindungsgemäßen Auslegereinrichtung ist es zweckmäßig, eine in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellte Haltevorrichtung vorzusehen, um ein Abheben bzw. Herausziehen des Auslegerkopfes 4 aus dem Auslegerträger 5 zu verhindern.It is essential that the pressure device 6 has a bending beam 9 arranged between an end face of the boom head 4 facing the boom support 5 and an end face of the boom support 5 facing the boom head 4 and that the end face of the boom head 4 stands on the freely floating bending area 10 of the bending beam 9 and that this Sensor element 8 is designed as an element which responds to the bending of the bending beam 9, in particular as a strain gauge sensor or the like, and is connected to the bending beam 9 or integrated in the bending beam 9. Even a slight displacement of the cantilever head 4, which only serves to transmit the necessary force to the bending beam 9, is sufficient in this construction to change the measurement signal of the sensor element 8. If this change exceeds a limit value set in the evaluation and switching device 7 upwards or downwards (when lifting the boom head 4), appropriate switching and / or alarm signals can be triggered. In the boom device according to the invention it is also expedient to provide a holding device, not shown in the drawing, in order to prevent the boom head 4 from being lifted or pulled out of the boom carrier 5.

Schon im Zusammenhang mit der bekannten Auslegereinrichtung, von der die Erfindung ausgeht, hat man das Sensorelement in das Innere des Zaunpfostens 3 od. dgl. verlegt, um es von außen nicht zugreifbar zu machen. Entsprechendes empfiehlt sich auch bei der erfindungsgemäßen Auslegereinrichtung, die demzufolge zweckmäßigerweise dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß der Auslegerkopf 4 einen langgestreckten, tief in den Auslegerträger 5 hineinragenden, im Auslegerträger 5 geführten Kopfhalter 11 aufweist und der Biegebalken 9 tief versenkt im Auslegerträger 5 am unteren Ende des Kopfhalters 11 angeordnet ist. Insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit einem als weiterer Zaunpfosten ausgeführten Auslegerkopf 4, wie oben erläutert, empfiehlt sich eine langgestreckte Führung mittels eines entsprechenden Kopfhalters 11.Already in connection with the known boom device from which the invention is based, the sensor element has been moved into the interior of the fence post 3 or the like in order not to make it accessible from the outside. The same is also recommended for the boom device according to the invention, which is therefore expediently characterized in that the boom head 4 has an elongated head holder 11 which extends deep into the boom carrier 5 and is guided in the boom carrier 5, and the bending beam 9 is deeply recessed in the boom carrier 5 at the lower end of the Head holder 11 is arranged. In particular in connection with a boom head 4 designed as a further fence post, as explained above, an elongated guide by means of a corresponding head holder 11 is recommended.

Die Führung des Kopfhalters 11 im Auslegerträger 5 erfolgt im dargestellten, schematisch wiedergegebenen Ausführungsbeispiel durch zwei Lager 12 am oberen Ende des Auslegerträgers 5 bzw. am unteren Ende des Kopfhalters 11, die hier als Rollenlager bzw. Kugellager ausgeführt sind, so daß jede wie auch immer gerichtete Be- und Entlastung des Auslegerkopfes 4 nur in Form einer senkrechten Kraftkomponente auf den Biegebalken 9 übertragen wird.The head holder 11 is guided in the cantilever support 5 in the illustrated, schematically represented exemplary embodiment by two bearings 12 at the upper end of the cantilever support 5 or at the lower end of the head holder 11, which are designed here as roller bearings or ball bearings, so that each one however Directional loading and unloading of the boom head 4 is transmitted to the bending beam 9 only in the form of a vertical force component.

Der Biegebalken 9 könnte grundsätzlich einseitig eingespannt, also auslegerartig ausgeführt sein. Eine zweiseitige Einspannung des Biegebalkens 9 wäre ebenfalls denkbar. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel gilt jedenfalls, daß der Biegebalken 9 zweiseitig aufliegend ausgeführt ist, also die Endfläche des Auslegerträgers 5 aus zwei Balkenauflagen 13 besteht. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Auslegerträger 5 als in den Zaunpfosten 3 eingeschobene, am Ende die Balkenauflagen 13 flanschartig tragende Hülse ausgestaltet. Das ist konstruktiv sehr zweckmäßig, wenngleich auch andere Konstruktionsformen denkbar sind.The bending beam 9 could in principle be clamped on one side, that is to say it could be designed as a cantilever. A two-sided clamping of the bending beam 9 would also be conceivable. In any case, in the exemplary embodiment shown, the bending beam 9 is designed to rest on two sides, that is to say the end face of the cantilever beam 5 consists of two beam supports 13. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the boom support 5 is designed as a sleeve inserted into the fence post 3 and at the end carrying the beam supports 13 in a flange-like manner. This is very useful in terms of construction, although other forms of construction are also conceivable.

Eine alternative Ausführungsform für Biegebalken und Balkenauflagen ist in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt. Sie ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Endfläche des Auslegerträgers als Ring, insbesondere als Kreisring ausgeführt und der Biegebalken als entsprechend geformte, auf dem Ring bzw. Kreisring aufliegende Scheibe ausgeführt ist. Ein so allseitig aufliegender Biegebalken, in Form einer Biegescheibe, kann unter bestimmten Bedingungen, beispielsweise dann, wenn der Biegebalken selbst als Piezoelement ausgeführt ist, von Vorteil sein. Darauf wird später noch näher eingegangen.An alternative embodiment for bending beams and beam supports is not shown in the drawing. It is characterized in that the end face of the cantilever beam is designed as a ring, in particular as a circular ring, and the bending beam is designed as a correspondingly shaped disk resting on the ring or circular ring. A bending beam that rests on all sides, in the form of a bending disk, can be advantageous under certain conditions, for example when the bending beam itself is designed as a piezo element. This will be discussed in more detail later.

Hinsichtlich des weiteren mechanischen Aufbaus der erfindungsgemäßen Auslegereinrichtung gilt im übrigen, daß die zuvor schon erläuterte Haltevorrichtung zweckmäßigerweise mit Wegbegrenzungsanschlägen für das Abheben des Auslegerkopfes vom Auslegerträger und/oder das Herandrücken des Auslegerkopfes an den Auslegerträger versehen sein sollte. Das verhindert eine Überbeanspruchung des Biegebalkens und beugt einer Beschädigung oder Zerstörung von Sensorelement 8 und Auswerte- und Schalteinrichtung 7 vor.With regard to the further mechanical construction of the boom device according to the invention, the rest of the above-mentioned holding device should expediently be provided with travel limit stops for lifting the boom head from the boom carrier and / or pushing the boom head against the boom carrier. This prevents the bending beam from being overstressed and prevents damage or destruction of the sensor element 8 and the evaluation and switching device 7.

Grundsätzlich gilt, daß für das Sensorelement 8 vorzugsweise Dehnungsmeßstreifen Verwendung finden. Denkbar sind allerdings auch Piezoelemente als Kraftaufnehmer, beispielsweise auch moderne synthetische Polymere, die piezoelektrische Effekte zeigen (z. B. Polyvinylidenfluorid, PVF₂).Basically, strain gauges are preferably used for the sensor element 8. However, piezo elements are also conceivable as force transducers, for example also modern synthetic polymers which exhibit piezoelectric effects (e.g. polyvinylidene fluoride, PVF₂).

Zum Zwecke einer erhöhten Meßgenauigkeit empfiehlt es sich, daß das Sensorelement mehrere, verteilt am oder im Biegebalken angeordnete Dehnungsmeßstreifen od. dgl. aufweist.For the purpose of increased measuring accuracy, it is recommended that the sensor element have a number of strain gauges or the like distributed on or in the bending beam.

Zur Verbesserung der Meßgenauigkeit läßt sich eine Differenzmessung mit mehreren Dehnungsmeßstreifen od. dgl. beispielsweise dadurch realisieren, daß das Sensorelement sowohl auf der dem Auslegerkopf zugewandten Seite des Biegebalkens als auch auf der vom Auslegerkopf abgewandten Seite des Biegebalkens jeweils einen Dehnungsmeßstreifen od. dgl. aufweist und die Meßsignale von beiden Dehnungsmeßstreifen od. dgl. in der Auswerte- und Schalteinrichtung zur Signalverstärkung kombinierbar sind.To improve the measuring accuracy, a differential measurement with several strain gauges or the like can be realized, for example, in that the sensor element has a strain gauge or the like both on the side of the bending beam facing the boom head and on the side of the bending beam facing away from the boom head, and the like the measurement signals from both strain gauges or the like can be combined in the evaluation and switching device for signal amplification.

Bei einem als Dehnungsmeßstreifensensor ausgeführten Sensorelement 8 gibt es verschiedene Möglichkeiten, den bzw. die Dehnungsmeßstreifen am bzw. im Biegebalken 9 anzubringen. Als besonders zweckmäßig hat sich eine konstruktive Lösung erwiesen, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß das als Dehnungsmeßstreifensensor ausgeführte Sensorelement 8 als Dehnungsmeßstreifen eine auf einem elastisch verformbaren Substrat, insbesondere Epoxidharzplatine, aufgebrachte Wiederstandspaste aufweist. Diese Lösung ist insbesondere deshalb sehr zweckmäßig, da auf einem solchen Substrat eine elektronische Auswerteschaltung der Auswerte- und Schalteinrichtung 7 mit angeordnet bzw. aufgebracht sein kann. Man erreicht somit eine hochintegrierte schaltungstechnische Lösung.In the case of a sensor element 8 designed as a strain gauge sensor, there are various possibilities for attaching the strain gauge (s) to or in the bending beam 9. A constructive solution has proven to be particularly expedient, which is characterized in that the sensor element 8 designed as a strain gauge sensor has, as a strain gauge, a resistance paste applied to an elastically deformable substrate, in particular an epoxy resin board. This solution is particularly useful because an electronic evaluation circuit of the evaluation and switching device 7 can be arranged or applied to such a substrate. A highly integrated circuit solution is thus achieved.

Zuvor ist schon darauf hingewiesen worden, daß bei entsprechender Lagerung der Biegebalken selbst insgesamt ein Sensorelement bilden könnte. Dazu könnte man beispielsweise den Biegebalken insgesamt als Piezoelement ausführen. Bei entsprechender Bemessung des Piezoelements kann es den auftretenden Kräften standhalten. Noch weitergehend als bei einem in den Biegebalken eingebrachten Sensorelement ist hier eine vollständige Integration beider Elemente der erfindungsgemäßen Auslegereinrichtung gegeben.It has already been pointed out beforehand that, if the bending beam is appropriately mounted, it could itself form an overall sensor element. For this purpose, one could, for example, design the bending beam as a whole as a piezo element. With appropriate dimensioning of the piezo element, it can withstand the forces that occur. Going further than in the case of a sensor element introduced into the bending beam, there is a complete integration of both elements of the cantilever device according to the invention.

Fig. 4 zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Auslegereinrichtung, bei dem das Sensorelement 8 kapazitiv arbeitet. Dazu ist hier der Biegebalken 9 gleichzeitig eine Kondensatorplatte 13 eines als Sensorelement 8 dienenden Meßkondensators, der außerdem eine am Auslegerträger 5 angebrachte, lagefeste Kondensatorplatte 14 aufweist. Zwischen den Kondensatorplatten 13, 14 befindet sich ein komprimierbares oder verdrängbares Dielektrikum 15. Mittels der hier angedeuteten Auswerte- und Schalteinrichtung 7 erfolgt eine Auswertung der Kapazität des als Sensorelement 8 dienenden Netzkondensators. Bei Belastung des als Kondensatorplatte 13 dienenden Biegebalkens 9 wird diese Kondensatorplatte 13 jedenfalls im Mittelbereich näher an die Kondensatorplatte 14 herangedrückt, so daß sich die Kapazität des Meßkondensators erhöht. Die Kapazität ist nämlich dem Abstand der Kondensatorplatten 13, 14 umgekehrt proportional. Ein entsprechend ausgewähltes Dielektrikum 15 mit hoher Dielektrizitätskonstante erlaubt das Erreichen auch hoher und sich stark ändernder Kapazitätswerte.FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a cantilever device according to the invention, in which the sensor element 8 works capacitively. For this purpose, the bending beam 9 is at the same time a capacitor plate 13 of a measuring capacitor serving as a sensor element 8, which also has a positionally stable capacitor plate 14 attached to the cantilever support 5. A compressible or displaceable dielectric 15 is located between the capacitor plates 13, 14. The capacitance of the network capacitor serving as sensor element 8 is evaluated by means of the evaluation and switching device 7 indicated here. When the bending beam 9 serving as the capacitor plate 13 is loaded, this capacitor plate 13 is in any case pressed closer to the capacitor plate 14 in the central region, so that the capacitance of the measuring capacitor increases. The capacitance is namely inversely proportional to the distance between the capacitor plates 13, 14. A correspondingly selected dielectric 15 with a high dielectric constant also enables high and strongly changing capacitance values to be achieved.

Die Auswerte- und Schalteinrichtung 7 kann bei dieser kapazitiven Meßmethode beispielsweis so arbeiten, daß der Meßkondensator frequenzbestimmende Größe eines Ansprechoszillators ist, so daß eine Frequenzänderung ausgewertet werden kann, oder daß sich eine entsprechende Änderung der Amplitude der Oszillatorschwingung ergibt, die gleichfalls auswertbar ist.The evaluation and switching device 7 can work with this capacitive measuring method, for example, so that the measuring capacitor is the frequency-determining variable of a response oscillator, so that a frequency change can be evaluated, or that there is a corresponding change in the amplitude of the oscillator oscillation, which can also be evaluated.

Anstatt selbst die Kondensatorplatte 13 darzustellen, kann die Kondensatorplatte 13 selbstversändlich auch am Biegebalken 9 angebracht sein, wesentlich ist lediglich die Abstandsveränderung der Kondensatorplatten 13, 14 in Abhängigkeit vom Belastungszustand des Auslegerkopfes 4. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel gilt überdies, daß am unteren Ende des Auslegerträgers 5 eine wannenartige Aufnahmekappe 16 für die Kondensatorplatten 13, 14 über Befestigungsschrauben 17 angebracht ist.Instead of displaying the capacitor plate 13 itself, the capacitor plate 13 can of course also be attached to the bending beam 9; the only important thing is the change in the distance of the capacitor plates 13, 14 depending on the load condition of the boom head 4. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the following also applies that at the lower end of the boom carrier 5 a trough-like receiving cap 16 for the capacitor plates 13, 14 is attached via fastening screws 17.

Schließlich gilt auswertungstechnisch eine weitere bevorzugte Ausgestaltung, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß in der Auswerte- und Schalteinrichtung eine selbständig wirkende Kompensation für langsame Änderungen des Meßsignals des Sensorelementes, also eine automatische Nullpunktskorrektur, vorgesehen ist. Mit einer solchen Nullpuntskorrektur läßt sich beispielsweise erreichen, daß eine sich langsam vergrößernde Schneelast auf dem Auslegerkopf nicht zu einem Alarm führt. Man wird allerdings vermutlich auch für diese Nullpunktskorrektur äußere Grenzwerte vorsehen.Finally, in terms of evaluation technology, a further preferred embodiment applies, which is characterized in that in the evaluation and switching device, an automatically acting compensation for slow changes in the measurement signal of the sensor element, that is, an automatic zero point correction is provided. With such a zero point correction it can be achieved, for example, that a slowly increasing snow load on the boom head does not lead to an alarm. However, external limit values will probably also be provided for this zero point correction.

Claims (10)

  1. Cantilever device with a head (4) and a support (5) wherein said support (5) is part of or is disposed in a receiving member (3) of a fence comprising a pressing means (6) acting between said head (6) and said support (5) and an evaluation and switching means (7), said head (4) being normally positioned in a normal position but movable against said support (5) under increasing or decreasing load, said evaluation and switching means (7) including a sensor element (8), said sensor element (8) determining loading or unloading of said head (4), and said evaluation and switching means (4) triggering a switching signal if the signal of said sensor element (8) exceeds an adjustable limit, characterized in that said pressing means (6) comprises a bending beam (9) positioned between an end face of said head (4) directed towards said support (5) and an end face of said support (5) directed towards said head (4), said head (4) is supported with said end face on the unsupported bending area (10) of said bending beam (9), and said sensor element (8) is an element sensitive on the bending of said bending beam (9), in particular a strain gauge or the like, and is connected or integrated with said bending beam (9).
  2. Cantilever device according to claim 1, characterized in that said head (4) includes a long rest (11) of said head (5) deeply inserted in and guided by said support (5) said bending beam (9) being placed down in said support (5) at the lower end of said rest (11).
  3. Cantilever device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said rest (11) is guided in a long guiding device (12) so that all loadings or unloadings of said head (4) are transmitted to said bending beam (9) in the form of a vertical force component only.
  4. Cantilever device according to any of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bending beam (9) is supported on two sides, so that said end face of said support (5) consists of two beam supports (13) or that said end face of said support is formed as a ring, particularly as an annulus, said bending beam being accordingly formed as a disc supported by the ring or annulus.
  5. Cantilever device according to any of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a rest member with a stop is provided, acting against lift off of said head from said support and/or against pressing of said head towards on said support.
  6. Cantilever device according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said sensor element comprises a plurality of strain gauges or the like provided in or on said bending beam, preferably that said sensor element provides one strain gauge or the like on the side of said bending beam directed towards said head as well as on the side of said bending beam directed away from said head, the signals from both strain gauges or the like being combined in said evaluation and switching member for signal-amplification.
  7. Cantilever device according to any of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that said sensor element (8) formed as a strain gauge includes a resistance paste disposed on an elastic deformable substrate, particularly an epoxy resin plate and, preferably, on said substrate an electronical evaluation circuit of said evaluation and switching member (7) is disposed.
  8. Cantilever device according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said bending beam consists of a piezo electric element so that the sensor element is formed by the bending beam itself.
  9. Cantilever device according to any of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said bending beam (9) is a capacitor plate (13) of a capacitor serving as sensor element (8) or that a capacitor plate (13) is connected to said bending beam (9), said capacitor also comprises a capacitor plate (14) which is provided in a stable position on said support (5), that between those capacitor plates (13, 14) a compressable or displaceable dielectric (15) is disposed, and that with said evaluation and switching member (7) the capacity of said capacitor as sensor element (8) is evaluated.
  10. Cantilever device according to any of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that said evaluation and switching member includes an automatic compensation for slow changes of the signal of said sensor element, i.e. an automatic zero offset compensation.
EP89117672A 1988-11-04 1989-09-25 Post arrangement for fences Expired - Lifetime EP0366926B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3837902A DE3837902C1 (en) 1988-11-04 1988-11-04
DE3837902 1988-11-04

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EP0366926A2 EP0366926A2 (en) 1990-05-09
EP0366926A3 EP0366926A3 (en) 1990-10-10
EP0366926B1 true EP0366926B1 (en) 1993-12-29

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EP89117672A Expired - Lifetime EP0366926B1 (en) 1988-11-04 1989-09-25 Post arrangement for fences

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EP (1) EP0366926B1 (en)
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022264140A1 (en) * 2021-06-15 2022-12-22 D-Fence Electronic Fencing And Security Systems Ltd. Fence top bracket for intrusion detection

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202016103374U1 (en) * 2015-07-01 2016-07-25 Stefan Dölling About Fall Protection
CN112982937A (en) * 2021-02-10 2021-06-18 上海建工集团股份有限公司 Guide frame climbing type working platform system for avoiding obstacles
CN113006450A (en) * 2021-02-10 2021-06-22 上海建工集团股份有限公司 Method for passing through barrier by guide frame climbing type working platform system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2717906A1 (en) * 1977-04-22 1978-10-26 Ernst Blaser Security alarm for fence - has switch tripped by movement of spring supported Y=shaped top rail
IL60240A (en) * 1980-06-05 1982-07-30 Beta Eng & Dev Ltd Intrusion detection system and detectors useful therein
US4356423A (en) * 1980-11-28 1982-10-26 Teledyne Industries, Inc., Geotech Division Pressure sensitive intrusion sensing line
EP0298320A1 (en) * 1987-07-09 1989-01-11 Wilhelm Rademacher Bracket device

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022264140A1 (en) * 2021-06-15 2022-12-22 D-Fence Electronic Fencing And Security Systems Ltd. Fence top bracket for intrusion detection

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DE58906568D1 (en) 1994-02-10
EP0366926A3 (en) 1990-10-10
EP0366926A2 (en) 1990-05-09
DE3837902C1 (en) 1990-03-29

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