EP0361101B2 - Component such as a fitted sink, and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Component such as a fitted sink, and method for manufacturing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0361101B2
EP0361101B2 EP89115791A EP89115791A EP0361101B2 EP 0361101 B2 EP0361101 B2 EP 0361101B2 EP 89115791 A EP89115791 A EP 89115791A EP 89115791 A EP89115791 A EP 89115791A EP 0361101 B2 EP0361101 B2 EP 0361101B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sink
built
mold
filler particles
resin
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89115791A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0361101B1 (en
EP0361101A1 (en
Inventor
Friedrich Schock
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Schock GmbH
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Schock and Co GmbH
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/26Non-fibrous reinforcements only
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/10Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non-rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts or dies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/34Feeding the material to the mould or the compression means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B29C67/24Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 characterised by the choice of material
    • B29C67/242Moulding mineral aggregates bonded with resin, e.g. resin concrete
    • B29C67/243Moulding mineral aggregates bonded with resin, e.g. resin concrete for making articles of definite length
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/04Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using movable moulds
    • B29C2043/043Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using movable moulds rotating on their own axis without linear displacement
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/56Compression moulding under special conditions, e.g. vacuum
    • B29C2043/566Compression moulding under special conditions, e.g. vacuum in a specific gas atmosphere, with or without pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C37/00Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
    • B29C37/006Degassing moulding material or draining off gas during moulding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037Other properties
    • B29K2995/0063Density
    • B29K2995/0064Non-uniform density
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/769Sanitary equipment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a built-in sink which has a visible and a rear side and consists of a mass which contains a matrix-forming resin and a filler which is at least predominantly formed by mineral filler particles and which forms at least approximately 50% by weight of the mass and its mineral content Filler particles have an unbroken grain shape.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing such a built-in sink with a mold which forms a mold cavity corresponding to the shape of the built-in sink and has a filling channel opening into the latter and a ventilation path for the mold cavity, a flowable mixture of a curable resin and at least predominantly filler formed by mineral filler particles is poured into the mold cavity via the filler channel and this is vented via the venting path, whereupon the resin is cured.
  • SILACRON registered trademark of the company Schock & Co. GmbH
  • a flowable mixture of a solution of polymethyl methacrylate is used in Methyl methacrylate and a filler made of SiO2 particles, the filler content being 62-66% by weight and being used as the filler quartz, which was previously recrystallized in an oven to cristobalite and then ground, so that the majority of the filler particles have a size of 5 - 50 »m.
  • a cast component for. B. in the form of a tub, filler particles with a non-broken grain shape in the form of sand with a particle size of about 0.6 mm and as a resin polyester resin are used, which in a non-volatile, monomeric, crosslinking solvent is dissolved.
  • the mass used for its production contains approximately 83% by weight of filler particles in the form of sand, and for the production of flat components, such as tiles, it is recommended to coat the surfaces of the component with a fine layer before the mass has hardened Apply sand to reduce the tendency of the component to warp or warp as the mass hardens.
  • the use of relatively large mineral filler particles gives the built-in sink a structured visible side, that is to say the use side, because the mass consisting essentially of resin and filler particles shrinks more when the resin hardens in the surface area of the built-in sink between the large filler particles, so that large filler particles close to the surface shrink Form microwells, while in the known built-in sinks described above, the much smaller filler particles lead to a smooth, high-gloss surface on which scratches are much more visible than on the structured surface of the built-in sink according to the invention.
  • the relatively large filler particles with their unbroken grain shape have because of their rounded edges or surfaces a closed resin surface on the visible side of the built-in sink and smooth interfaces between resin and filler particles, which, as has been shown, leads to the fact that the inventive Built-in sinks almost never get stains when in use if they come into contact with dyes, fats or oils, alkalis and acids and the like; in addition, due to the features listed above, there is no so-called water whitening effect, and not even with alternating exposure to hot and cold water - the latter and the fact that the built-in sinks according to the invention rarely get stains also apply when the resin layer covering the filler particles near the surface on the visible or use side of the built-in sink has been completely or partially removed by abrasion, which is probably due to the size of the filler particles and their rounded surfaces as well as the smooth interfaces between filler particles and resin.
  • the resin surfaces shrunk back on the surface of the built-in sink between the large filler particles are not damaged when the built-in sink is subjected to abrasion, because they are set back between the filler particles and thus protected: the smooth and dense surface is therefore easy to clean.
  • the high proportion of filler and the resulting high viscosity of the mixture of resin and filler poured into a mold counteract the tendency of the filler particles to sediment during handling of the mixture to be processed.
  • the higher packing density of the filler particles in the heavily used areas on the visible side of the built-in sink leads to this finally to an even greater surface hardness.
  • the mineral filler particles have a color coating on their surface, there is no need to color the resin forming the matrix of the composition; if the mineral filler particles - apart from this color coating - are translucent, as is the case with the preferred filler, namely crystalline quartz sand, a scratch in the color coating on the particle surface leads to the fact that through the exposed filler particle surface and through the color of the undamaged surface coating shines through the transparent particle body so that a scratch does not appear as a light to white line. With the composition according to the invention it is therefore possible to produce built-in sinks which, in use, show a resistance which was previously completely unknown in plastic wash basins and plastic sinks.
  • a thixotropic agent to the mixture of resin and filler particles - with acrylic resin, a proportion of polymethyl methacrylate dissolved in methyl methacrylate acts as a thixotropic agent, but as such it can also other known substances are used, e.g. B. finely divided silica.
  • the areas of a built-in sink that are heavily used in use are e.g. B. - as already mentioned - around the bottom surface of a basin, in particular a sink, but also around the draining or working surface of a built-in sink, whereas the side walls e.g. B. a sink are not subject to great stresses in use.
  • the GRANUCOL filler particles are made from undyed crystal quartz sand, which is mixed with binders and color pigments, so that the colored filler particles produced in this way are each an agglomerate with internal interfaces.
  • the colored GRANUCOL filler particles are said to have a rounded shape, but the undyed mineral filler particles used to manufacture them are quartz powder, the particles of which do not have an unbroken grain shape.
  • the material DORSILIT which is recolored quartz powder, is recommended as a filler for sanitary parts.
  • the color coating of the filler particles in built-in sinks according to the invention contains at least one color pigment and as a binder at least one silicate, in particular an alkali silicate, or a plastic, in particular polyurethane, methacrylate or epoxy resin - especially sodium silicate provides a good adhesion promoter between the Filler particles and the resin forming the matrix.
  • silicate in particular an alkali silicate, or a plastic, in particular polyurethane, methacrylate or epoxy resin - especially sodium silicate provides a good adhesion promoter between the Filler particles and the resin forming the matrix.
  • Built-in sinks according to the invention have particularly good properties, for their production mineral filler particles with such a sieve curve were used as filler that the majority of the mineral filler particles have a size of approx. 0.1 mm to approx. 1 mm, and it is even better , when approx. 70 - 85%, in particular approx. 80%, of the mineral filler particles have a size of approx. 0.1 mm to approx. 0.4 mm.
  • a further parameter which can be controlled by the size and / or the density of the silicate particles for the mass used for the production of built-in sinks according to the invention is the so-called Taber abrasion, for its determination material is removed from the surface of the built-in sink by means of a standardized rotating sanding plate under standardized conditions, and the material removed which results from a certain number of revolutions of the sanding plate is weighed.
  • Built-in sinks according to the invention are preferred from a mass which leads to abrasion on the visible side in the area of the built-in sink which is heavily used during use, which is below 4 mg / 100 r, preferably at most approximately 3.5 mg / 100 r and in particular between approx. 3.5 and approx. 3.0 mg / 100 r.
  • the Taber abrasion is about twice as large as with a built-in sink according to the invention.
  • the areas heavily used in use namely the pool floor and the work or drainer, run at least almost parallel to each other. Since the viscosity of the mass to be filled into the mold is temperature-dependent and the tendency of the filler particles to sedimentate increases with the decrease in viscosity, it is advisable to heat the mold at least on the surfaces against the visible side of the built-in sink and in particular to a temperature between 70 ° C and 90 ° C, preferably to a temperature of about 80 ° C, before the flowable mixture is poured into the mold.
  • the mass can then be composed in such a way that it remains thixotropic in the mold before and during filling, but allows the filler particles to sediment by reducing the viscosity due to temperature.
  • the viscosity rises sharply, so that the sedimentation of the filler stops.
  • the mold for filling the mold cavity with the flowable mixture is brought into a filling position in which the mixture introduced through the filler channel can completely displace the air from the mold cavity through the venting path, whereupon the mold is rotated into the hardening position becomes.
  • the mixture consisting essentially of fillers and resin when the latter hardens only shrinks away from that wall of the mold cavity which is adjacent to the rear of the built-in sink it is recommended to harden the resin by pressing the mold against the visible side of the built-in sink First heat surfaces and / or heat them up to a higher temperature than on the mold surfaces against the back of the built-in sink; then the curing process begins on the later visible side of the built-in sink, and the mixture of filler and resin forms a hard layer there before the actual volume shrinkage of e.g. B.
  • shrinkage takes place on the visible side only in the micro-regions between the filler particles, so that there is a built-in sink with a true-to-shape visible side. This is all the more true since the filler particles are enriched on the visible side of the built-in sink.
  • Fig. 1 shows a base frame 10, on which a plurality of retaining clips 12 are pivotally mounted about axes 14.
  • the base frame 10 carries a mold 20 consisting of two mold halves 16 and 18, which forms a mold cavity 22 and is pressed by the holding clips 12 against flexible pressure bodies 24 which are filled with compressed air or another compressible pressure medium and via which the mold 20 is opened supports the base frame 10. This can be rotated by means not shown about a pivot axis 26 which runs perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 1.
  • the mold half 18 has a filling channel 30 and a ventilation channel 32, both of which open into the mold cavity 22 and can be closed by valves, not shown.
  • the mold cavity 22 is delimited on the one hand by a rear side mold surface 34 formed by the mold half 18 and a visible side mold surface 36 formed by the mold half 16, and on the other hand by a circumferential, self-contained seal 38, the sealing surface pressure in the area of the seal 38 being adjustable by adjusting screws 40 which are held in threaded bores of the holding clips 12 and bear against a step of the mold half 18.
  • the sink to be produced with the aid of the mold 20 shown in FIG. 1 has a basin bottom 50, basin side walls 52, a circumferential flange 54 and a raised circumferential edge 56.
  • the ventilation duct 32 is opened and the mold is brought into the position shown in FIG. 1.
  • the filling channel 30 opens into the rear surface 34 in the region of the pelvic floor 50;
  • the flowable mixture pumped into the mold cavity 22 then first flows down over the pool side wall located at the bottom in the filling position down to the area of the edge 56 below, so that the air there is not enclosed in the mold cavity, but to escape to the side and can leave the mold cavity 22 via the upward-facing lateral regions of the edge 56 and the upper region of the edge 56 and the ventilation channel 32.
  • such an amount of the flowable mixture is pumped into the mold cavity 22 that a small part of the mixture emerges from the ventilation channel 32. Then the filling channel 30 and the ventilation channel 32 are closed and the device is rotated about the pivot axis 26 into the curing position, which is shown for the second form in FIG. 3.
  • the design of the shape and the filling position, as shown in Fig. 1, are also suitable for the production of sinks which, in a modification of the illustrated embodiment, have a downward, i.e. in the direction of the pelvic floor, have angled edge 56, because even in such a case the air can escape from the area of the mold cavity 22 defining the edge 56 to the side and upwards. This does not apply to the filling position shown in FIG. 2.
  • the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 were used for the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3, but with the addition of a dash.
  • the mold 20 'does have a filling channel 30', but no special ventilation channel, since in the filling position shown in FIG. 2 the mold cavity 22 'can be vented past the seal 38'.
  • FIG. 3 shows the hardening position, in which the visible sides of the pelvic floor 50 and the flange 54 are directed downwards.
  • a preferred composition of the processed flowable mixture is to be described below: 74 to 76% by weight of crystalline quartz sand; 24 to 26% by weight of a solution of polymethyl methacrylate in methyl methacrylate, the proportion of polymethyl methacrylate in this solution being 18 to 25%.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einbauspüle, welche eine Sicht- und eine Rückseite besitzt und aus einer Masse besteht, die ein eine Matrix bildendes Harz und einen zumindest überwiegend von mineralischen Füllstoffpartikeln gebildeten Füllstoff enthält, welcher zumindest ungefähr 50 Gew.% der Masse bildet und dessen mineralische Füllstoffpartikel eine nicht-gebrochene Kornform besitzen. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer solchen Einbauspüle mit einer Form, welche einen der Gestalt der Einbauspüle entsprechenden Formhohlraum bildet und einen in letzteren mündenden Einfüllkanal sowie einen Entlüftungspfad für den Formhohlraum aufweist, wobei eine fließfähige Mischung aus einem aushärtbaren Harz und einem zumindest überwiegend von mineralischen Füllstoffpartikeln gebildeten Füllstoff über den Einfüllkanal in den Formhohlraum eingefüllt und dieser dabei über den Entlüftungspfad entlüftet wird, worauf das Harz ausgehärtet wird.The invention relates to a built-in sink which has a visible and a rear side and consists of a mass which contains a matrix-forming resin and a filler which is at least predominantly formed by mineral filler particles and which forms at least approximately 50% by weight of the mass and its mineral content Filler particles have an unbroken grain shape. The invention further relates to a method for producing such a built-in sink with a mold which forms a mold cavity corresponding to the shape of the built-in sink and has a filling channel opening into the latter and a ventilation path for the mold cavity, a flowable mixture of a curable resin and at least predominantly filler formed by mineral filler particles is poured into the mold cavity via the filler channel and this is vented via the venting path, whereupon the resin is cured.

Die Firma Schock & Co. GmbH, D-7060 Schorndorf, fertigt Einbauspülen, welche durch die Werkstoffmarke SILACRON (eingetragenes Warenzeichen der Firma Schock & Co. GmbH) gekennzeichnet sind, Für die Herstellung dieser Einbauspülen wird eine fließfähige Mischung aus einer Lösung von Polymethylmethacrylat in Methylmethacrylat und einem Füllstoff aus SiO₂-Partikeln hergestellt, wobei der Füllstoffanteil 62 - 66 Gew.% beträgt und als Füllstoff Quarz verwendet wird, der zuvor in einem Ofen zu Cristobalit umkristallisiert und dann gemahlen wurde, so daß der überwiegende Teil der Füllstoffpartikel eine Größe von 5 - 50 »m besitzt. Nach dem Füllen des Formhohlraums der verwendeten Form wird diese zum Polymerisieren des Harzes beheizt.The company Schock & Co. GmbH, D-7060 Schorndorf, produces built-in sinks, which are characterized by the material brand SILACRON (registered trademark of the company Schock & Co. GmbH). For the production of these built-in sinks, a flowable mixture of a solution of polymethyl methacrylate is used in Methyl methacrylate and a filler made of SiO₂ particles, the filler content being 62-66% by weight and being used as the filler quartz, which was previously recrystallized in an oven to cristobalite and then ground, so that the majority of the filler particles have a size of 5 - 50 »m. After filling the mold cavity of the mold used, it is heated to polymerize the resin.

Trotz des großen Markterfolges z. B. der SILACRON-Einbauspülen der Firma Schock & Co. GmbH besteht der Wunsch, Einbauspülen der eingangs erwähnten Art zu schaffen, die in mindestens einer Eigenschaft den SILACRON-Produkten überlegen sind, z. B. hinsichtlich der Anfälligkeit gegen das Entstehen sichtbarer Kratzer oder nicht mehr entfernbarer Flecken auf der Sichtseite der Einbauspüle.Despite the great market success, e.g. B. the SILACRON built-in sinks from Schock & Co. GmbH, there is a desire to create built-in sinks of the type mentioned, which are superior to the SILACRON products in at least one property, e.g. B. with regard to the susceptibility to the appearance of visible scratches or stains that can no longer be removed on the visible side of the built-in sink.

Aus der US-A-3 078 249 ist ein gegossenes Bauteil z. B. in Form einer Wanne bekannt geworden, wobei für eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform Füllstoffpartikel mit nicht-gebrochener Kornform in Form von Sand mit einer Partikelgröße von ca. 0,6 mm und als Harz Polyesterharz verwendet werden, welches in einem nicht-flüchtigen, monomeren, vernetzenden Lösungsmittel gelöst ist. Bei einer Ausführungsform dieses bekannten Bauteils enthält die für seine Herstellung verwendete Masse ungefähr 83 Gew.% Füllstoffpartikel in Form von Sand, und für die Herstellung flacher Bauteile, wie Fliesen, wird empfohlen, auf die Oberflächen des Bauteils vor dem Aushärten der Masse eine Schicht feinen Sandes aufzubringen, um die Neigung des Bauteils, sich beim Aushärten der Masse zu verwerfen oder zu verziehen, zu vermindern.From US-A-3 078 249 a cast component is known for. B. in the form of a tub, filler particles with a non-broken grain shape in the form of sand with a particle size of about 0.6 mm and as a resin polyester resin are used, which in a non-volatile, monomeric, crosslinking solvent is dissolved. In one embodiment of this known component, the mass used for its production contains approximately 83% by weight of filler particles in the form of sand, and for the production of flat components, such as tiles, it is recommended to coat the surfaces of the component with a fine layer before the mass has hardened Apply sand to reduce the tendency of the component to warp or warp as the mass hardens.

Um nun die Gebrauchseigenschaften von Einbauspülen welche eine Sicht- bzw. Gebrauchsseite und eine Rückseite besitzen, gegenüber den geschilderten bekannten Einbauspülen zu verbessern, wird gemäß der Erfindung vorgeschlagen, eine Einbauspüle der eingangs erwähnten Art so auszubilden, daß der überwiegende Teil der mineralischen Füllstoffpartikel eine Größe von ca. 0,1 mm bis ca. 2 mm aufweist, daß der Füllstoff ungefähr 50 - 85 Gew.% der Masse bildet, daß die mineralischen Füllstoffpartikel an ihrer Oberfläche eine Farbbeschichtung aufweisen und daß in den im Gebrauch stark beanspruchten Bereichen der Einbauspüle die Packungsdichte der mineralischen Füllstoffpartikel an der Sichtseite größer als an der Rückseite der Einbauspüle ist.In order to improve the usage properties of built-in sinks which have a visible or use side and a back, compared to the known built-in sinks described, it is proposed according to the invention to design a built-in sink of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the majority of the mineral filler particles have a size from approx. 0.1 mm to approx. 2 mm, that the filler forms approximately 50-85% by weight of the mass, that the mineral filler particles have a color coating on their surface and that in the areas of the built-in sink that are heavily used during use, the The packing density of the mineral filler particles on the visible side is greater than on the back of the built-in sink.

Durch die Verwendung verhältnismäßig großer mineralischer Füllstoffpartikel erhält die Einbauspüle eine strukturierte Sichtseite, d. h. Gebrauchsseite, weil die im wesentlichen aus Harz und Füllstoffpartikeln bestehende Masse beim Aushärten des Harzes im Oberflächenbereich der Einbauspüle zwischen den großen Füllstoffpartikeln stärker schrumpft, so daß sich zwischen den oberflächennahen großen Füllstoffpartikeln Mikromulden ausbilden, während bei den vorstehend geschilderten bekannten Einbauspülen die wesentlich kleineren Füllstoffpartikel zu einer glatten, hochglänzenden Oberfläche führen, an der Kratzer viel stärker sichtbar sind als an der strukturierten Oberfläche der erfindungsgemäßen Einbauspüle. Die verhältnismäßig großen Füllstoffpartikel mit ihrer nicht-gebrochenen Kornform haben wegen ihrer abgerundeten Kanten bzw. Oberflächen eine geschlossene Harzoberfläche auch an der Sichtseite der Einbauspüle sowie glatte Grenzflächen zwischen Harz und Füllstoffpartikeln zur Folge, was, wie sich gezeigt hat, dazu führt, daß die erfindungsgemäßen Einbauspülen im Gebrauch so gut wie niemals Flecken bekommen, wenn sie mit Farbstoffen, Fetten oder Ölen, Laugen und Säuren und dergleichen in Berührung kommen; außerdem tritt infolge der vorstehend aufgeführten Merkmale kein sogenannter Wasser-Weiß-Effekt (water whitening effect) auf, und zwar auch nicht bei einer Wechselbeanspruchung mit heißem und kaltem Wasser - letzteres und die Tatsache, daß die erfindungsgemäßen Einbauspülen kaum einmal Flecken bekommen, gilt auch dann, wenn die die oberflächennahen Füllstoffpartikel überziehende Harzschicht auf der Sicht- bzw. Gebrauchsseite der Einbauspüle durch Abrieb ganz oder teilweise entfernt wurde, was wohl auf die Größe der Füllstoffpartikel und deren abgerundete Oberflächen sowie die deshalb glatten Grenzflächen zwischen Füllstoffpartikeln und Harz zurückzuführen ist. Auch werden die an der Oberfläche der Einbauspüle zwischen den großen Füllstoffpartikeln zurückgeschrumpften Harzflächen bei einer Abriebbeanspruchung der Einbauspüle nicht verletzt, weil sie zwischen den Füllstoffpartikeln zurückgesetzt und damit geschützt liegen: daher ist die glatte und dichte Oberfläche leicht zu reinigen. Schließlich wirken der hohe Füllstoffanteil und die dadurch hervorgerufene hohe Viskosität der in eine Form eingefüllten Mischung aus Harz und Füllstoff der Neigung der Füllstoffpartikel zum Sedimentieren während der Handhabung der zu verarbeitenden Mischung entgegen Die höhere Packungsdichte der Füllstoffpartikel in den stark beanspruchten Bereichen der Sichtseite der Einbauspüle führt schließlich zu einer noch größeren Oberflächenhärte. Da die mineralischen Füllstoffpartikel an ihrer Oberfläche eine Farbbeschichtung besitzen, kann auf eine Einfärbung des die Matrix der Masse bildenden Harzes verzichtet werden; wenn nun die mineralischen Füllstoffpartikel - sieht man von dieser Farbbeschichtung ab - durchscheinend sind, so wie dies bei dem bevorzugten Füllstoff, nämlich kristallinem Quarzsand der Fall ist, führt ein Kratzer in der an der Partikeloberfläche vorhandenen Farbbeschichtung dazu, daß durch die freigelegte Füllstoffpartikeloberfläche und durch den transparenten Partikelkörper hindurch die Farbe der unbeschädigten Oberflächenbeschichtung durchschimmert, so daß ein Kratzer nicht als heller bis weißer Strich erscheint. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Zusammensetzung lassen sich deshalb Einbauspülen herstellen, welche im Gebrauch eine Widerstandsfähigkeit zeigen, die bislang bei Kunststoff-Waschbecken und Kunststoff-Spülen völlig unbekannt war. Im Zusammenhang mit dem vorstehend erwähnten Zurückschrumpfen des Harzes zwischen den verhältnismäßig großen Füllstoffpartikeln an der Oberfläche einer erfindungsgemäßen Einbauspüle sei darauf hingewiesen, daß z. B. reines Acrylharz im Zuge des Aushärtens um 22% schrumpft. Die erfindungsgemäß als Füllstoff einzusetzenden, verhältnismäßig großen mineralischen Füllstoffpartikel mit nicht-gebrochener Kornform sind als äußerst billiges Naturprodukt erhältlich, da derartiger kristalliner Quarzsand bei der Kaolingewinnung als Nebenprodukt anfällt. Um der Neigung der Füllstoffpartikel zum Sedimentieren während der Handhabung der zu verarbeitenden Masse noch stärker entgegenzuwirken, empfiehlt es sich, der Mischung aus Harz und Füllstoffpartikeln ein Thixotropiermittel zuzusetzen - bei Acrylharz wirkt ein Anteil von in Methylmethacrylat gelöstem Polymethylmethacrylat als Thixotropiermittel, als solches können aber auch andere bekannte Stoffe verwendet werden, z. B. hochdisperse Kieselsäure. Durch die Verwendung verhältnismäßig großer Füllstoffpartikel mit nicht-gebrochener Kornform und einer Farbbeschichtung sowie durch den Einsatz eines nichteingefärbten Harzes läßt sich ein weiterer Nachteil vermeiden, den die vorstehend geschilderten bekannten Bauteile besitzen, wenn für deren Herstellung ein eingefärbtes Harz verwendet wird: Weil nämlich nahezu alle deckenden Farbstoffe das außerordentlich harte Titandioxyd enthalten, ergeben sich bei diesen bekannten Bauteilen Striche aus metallischem Abrieb, wenn ein metallischer Gegenstand über die Oberfläche eines solchen bekannten Bauteils gleitet, z. B. ein Besteckteil über den Boden eines Spülbeckens (sogenannter-Schreibeffekt).The use of relatively large mineral filler particles gives the built-in sink a structured visible side, that is to say the use side, because the mass consisting essentially of resin and filler particles shrinks more when the resin hardens in the surface area of the built-in sink between the large filler particles, so that large filler particles close to the surface shrink Form microwells, while in the known built-in sinks described above, the much smaller filler particles lead to a smooth, high-gloss surface on which scratches are much more visible than on the structured surface of the built-in sink according to the invention. The relatively large filler particles with their unbroken grain shape have because of their rounded edges or surfaces a closed resin surface on the visible side of the built-in sink and smooth interfaces between resin and filler particles, which, as has been shown, leads to the fact that the inventive Built-in sinks almost never get stains when in use if they come into contact with dyes, fats or oils, alkalis and acids and the like; in addition, due to the features listed above, there is no so-called water whitening effect, and not even with alternating exposure to hot and cold water - the latter and the fact that the built-in sinks according to the invention rarely get stains also apply when the resin layer covering the filler particles near the surface on the visible or use side of the built-in sink has been completely or partially removed by abrasion, which is probably due to the size of the filler particles and their rounded surfaces as well as the smooth interfaces between filler particles and resin. Also, the resin surfaces shrunk back on the surface of the built-in sink between the large filler particles are not damaged when the built-in sink is subjected to abrasion, because they are set back between the filler particles and thus protected: the smooth and dense surface is therefore easy to clean. Finally, the high proportion of filler and the resulting high viscosity of the mixture of resin and filler poured into a mold counteract the tendency of the filler particles to sediment during handling of the mixture to be processed. The higher packing density of the filler particles in the heavily used areas on the visible side of the built-in sink leads to this finally to an even greater surface hardness. Since the mineral filler particles have a color coating on their surface, there is no need to color the resin forming the matrix of the composition; if the mineral filler particles - apart from this color coating - are translucent, as is the case with the preferred filler, namely crystalline quartz sand, a scratch in the color coating on the particle surface leads to the fact that through the exposed filler particle surface and through the color of the undamaged surface coating shines through the transparent particle body so that a scratch does not appear as a light to white line. With the composition according to the invention it is therefore possible to produce built-in sinks which, in use, show a resistance which was previously completely unknown in plastic wash basins and plastic sinks. In connection with the shrinkage of the resin mentioned above between the relatively large filler particles on the surface of a built-in sink according to the invention, it should be noted that, for. B. pure acrylic resin shrinks in the course of curing by 22%. The relatively large mineral filler particles with unbroken grain shape to be used as filler according to the invention are available as an extremely cheap natural product, since such crystalline quartz sand is obtained as a by-product in the extraction of kaolin. In order to further counteract the tendency of the filler particles to sediment during handling of the mass to be processed, it is advisable to add a thixotropic agent to the mixture of resin and filler particles - with acrylic resin, a proportion of polymethyl methacrylate dissolved in methyl methacrylate acts as a thixotropic agent, but as such it can also other known substances are used, e.g. B. finely divided silica. The use of relatively large filler particles with an unbroken grain shape and a color coating and the use of a non-colored resin can avoid a further disadvantage which the known components described above have if a colored resin is used for their production: because almost all of them are used opaque dyes containing extremely hard titanium dioxide, streaks result from metallic abrasion in these known components when a metallic object slides over the surface of such a known component, for. B. a piece of cutlery over the bottom of a sink (so-called writing effect).

Bei den im Gebrauch stark beanspruchten Bereichen einer Einbauspüle handelt es sich z. B. - wie bereits erwähnt - um die Bodenfläche eines Beckens, insbesonderes eines Spülbeckens, aber auch um die Abtropf- bzw. Arbeitsfläche einer Einbauspüle, wohingegen die Seitenwände z. B. eines Spülbeckens im Gebrauch keinen großen Beanspruchungen unterworfen sind.The areas of a built-in sink that are heavily used in use are e.g. B. - as already mentioned - around the bottom surface of a basin, in particular a sink, but also around the draining or working surface of a built-in sink, whereas the side walls e.g. B. a sink are not subject to great stresses in use.

Aus der GB-A-1 389 446 ist es bekannt, flache Bauteile, wie Fliesen, aus Füllstoffpartikel enthaltenden Wasser-expandierten Schaumkunststoffen herzustellen, bei denen die Füllstoffpartikel an der Sichtseite des Bauteils eine größere Packungsdichte als im Inneren des Bauteils aufweisen. Schaumkunststoffe sind aber für die Herstellung von Spülen völlig ungeeignet, da sie für diesen Verwendungszweck weder genügend widerstandsfähig, noch hinreichend fleckenresistent sind. Zur Herbeiführung einer größeren Packungsdichte der Füllstoffpartikel an der Sichtseite der Bauteile wird empfohlen, zwei flache Schichten mit ihren Rückseiten miteinander zu verbinden (sh. Seite 4, Zeilen 21 bis 24), so daß ein Laminat entsteht, an dessen beiden Hauptoberflächen der Kunststoff einen höheren Füllgrad an Füllstoffpartikeln aufweist. Bei diesen bekannten Bauteilen können die Füllstoffpartikel farbig sein, dann soll es sich jedoch um gefärbte Glaskugeln mit einem Durchmesser von 15 mm handeln.From GB-A-1 389 446 it is known to produce flat components, such as tiles, from water-expanded foam plastics containing filler particles, in which the filler particles have a greater packing density on the visible side of the component than in the interior of the component. Foam plastics, however, are completely unsuitable for the production of sinks, since they are neither sufficiently resistant nor sufficiently stain-resistant for this purpose. In order to achieve a greater packing density of the filler particles on the visible side of the components, it is recommended to connect two flat layers with their backs to one another (see page 4, lines 21 to 24), so that a laminate is formed, on the two main surfaces of which the plastic is higher Has fill level of filler particles. In these known components, the filler particles can be colored, but then they should be colored glass spheres with a diameter of 15 mm.

Der Prospekt "GRANUCOL" der Firma DORFNER lehrt schließlich die Verwendung von "Farbsand" als mineralischer Füllstoff für im Baugewerbe zu verwendenden Gießmassen, nämlich für die Herstellung von Fußbodenbeschichtungen, Strukturputzen und Dachbahnen. Die GRANUCOL-Füllstoffteilchen werden aus ungefärbtem Kristallquarzsand hergestellt, welcher mit Bindemittel und Farbpigmenten gemischt wird, so daß es sich bei den so hergestellten farbigen Füllstoffteilchen jeweils um ein Agglomerat handelt, in dem innere Grenzflächen vorhanden sind. Die farbigen GRANUCOL-Füllstoffteilchen sollen zwar eine kantengerundete Form besitzen, bei den zu ihrer Herstellung verwendeten ungefärbten mineralischen Füllstoffpartikeln handelt es sich jedoch um Quarzmehl, dessen Partikel keine nicht-gebrochene Kornform besitzen. In diesem Prospekt wird vielmehr als Füllstoff für Sanitärteile das Material DORSILIT empfohlen, bei dem es sich um umgefärbtes Quarzmehl handelt.Finally, the "GRANUCOL" brochure from DORFNER teaches the use of "colored sand" as a mineral filler for casting compounds to be used in the construction industry, namely for the production of floor coatings, structural plasters and roofing membranes. The GRANUCOL filler particles are made from undyed crystal quartz sand, which is mixed with binders and color pigments, so that the colored filler particles produced in this way are each an agglomerate with internal interfaces. The colored GRANUCOL filler particles are said to have a rounded shape, but the undyed mineral filler particles used to manufacture them are quartz powder, the particles of which do not have an unbroken grain shape. In this brochure, the material DORSILIT, which is recolored quartz powder, is recommended as a filler for sanitary parts.

Als besonders zweckmäßig hat es sich erwiesen, wenn die Farbbeschichtung der Füllstoffpartikel erfindungsgemäßer Einbauspülen mindestens ein Farbpigment und als Bindemittel mindestens ein Silikat, insbesondere ein Alkalisilikat, oder einen Kunststoff, insbesondere Polyurethan, Methacrylat oder Epoxidharz enthält- vor allem Natriumsilikat stellt einen guten Haftvermittler zwischen den Füllstoffpartikeln und dem die Matrix bildenden Harz dar.It has proven to be particularly expedient if the color coating of the filler particles in built-in sinks according to the invention contains at least one color pigment and as a binder at least one silicate, in particular an alkali silicate, or a plastic, in particular polyurethane, methacrylate or epoxy resin - especially sodium silicate provides a good adhesion promoter between the Filler particles and the resin forming the matrix.

Besonders gute Eigenschaften haben solche erfindungsgemäßen Einbauspülen, für deren Herstellung als Füllstoff mineralische Füllstoffpartikel mit einer solchen Siebkurve verwendet wurden, daß der überwiegende Teil der mineralischen Füllstoffpartikel eine Größe von ca. 0,1 mm bis ca. 1 mm aufweist, und noch besser ist es, wenn ca. 70 - 85 %, insbesondere ca. 80 %, der mineralischen Füllstoffpartikel eine Größe von ca. 0,1 mm bis ca. 0,4 mm aufweisen.Built-in sinks according to the invention have particularly good properties, for their production mineral filler particles with such a sieve curve were used as filler that the majority of the mineral filler particles have a size of approx. 0.1 mm to approx. 1 mm, and it is even better , when approx. 70 - 85%, in particular approx. 80%, of the mineral filler particles have a size of approx. 0.1 mm to approx. 0.4 mm.

Wie sich aus dem Vorstehenden bereits ergibt, wird ein möglichst hoher Füllstoffanteil angestrebt, wobei sich besonders solche Ausführungsformen bewährt haben, bei denen der Füllstoff mindestens ca. 73 Gew.% der Masse bildet - mehr als ca. 76 Gew.% lassen sich in der Praxis unter wirtschaftlichen Bedingungen jedoch kaum verwirklichen.As can already be seen from the above, the highest possible proportion of filler is sought, in which embodiments have proven particularly useful in which the filler forms at least approx. 73% by weight of the mass - more than approx However, hardly any practice under economic conditions.

Als im Gebrauch besonders vorteilhaft haben sich erfindungsgemäße Einbauspülen erwiesen, bei denen die Harz-Matrix aus Polymethylmethacrylat besteht; sehr gut geeignet sind aber auch Polyester und Epoxidharz.Built-in sinks according to the invention, in which the resin matrix consists of polymethyl methacrylate, have proven to be particularly advantageous in use; However, polyester and epoxy resin are also very suitable.

Ein weiterer, durch die Größe und/oder die Dichte der Silikatpartikel steuerbarer Parameter für die zur Herstellung erfindungsgemäßer Einbauspülen verwendete Masse ist der sogenannte Taberabrieb, zu dessen Ermittlung mittels eines genormten rotierenden Schleiftellers unter genormten Bedingungen Material von der Oberfläche der Einbauspüle abgetragen und dasjenige abgetragene Material gewogen wird, das sich durch eine bestimmte Anzahl von Umdrehungen des Schleiftellers ergibt. Bevorzugt werden erfindungsgemäße Einbauspülen aus einer Masse, die zu einem Taberabrieb an der Sichtseite in den im Gebrauch stark beanspruchten Bereiches der Einbauspüle führt, welcher unter 4 mg/100 r liegt, vorzugsweise höchstens ca. 3,5 mg/100 r beträgt und insbesondere zwischen ca. 3,5 und ca. 3,0 mg/100 r liegt. Zum Vergleich sei erwähnt, daß bei Einbauspülen aus dem eingangs diskutierten Material SILACRON der Taberabrieb etwa doppelt so groß ist wie bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Einbauspüle.A further parameter which can be controlled by the size and / or the density of the silicate particles for the mass used for the production of built-in sinks according to the invention is the so-called Taber abrasion, for its determination material is removed from the surface of the built-in sink by means of a standardized rotating sanding plate under standardized conditions, and the material removed which results from a certain number of revolutions of the sanding plate is weighed. Built-in sinks according to the invention are preferred from a mass which leads to abrasion on the visible side in the area of the built-in sink which is heavily used during use, which is below 4 mg / 100 r, preferably at most approximately 3.5 mg / 100 r and in particular between approx. 3.5 and approx. 3.0 mg / 100 r. For comparison, it should be mentioned that with built-in sinks made of the material SILACRON discussed at the beginning, the Taber abrasion is about twice as large as with a built-in sink according to the invention.

Um auf einfache Weise zu erreichen, daß in den im Gebrauch stark beanspruchten Bereichen einer erfindungsgemäßen Einbauspüle die Packungsdichte der mineralischen Füllstoffpartikel an der Sichtseite größer als an der Rückseite der Einbauspüle ist, wird diese zweckmäßigerweise durch ein Verfahren der eingangs erwähnten Art hergestellt, bei welchem erfindungsgemäß die Form zum Aushärten des Harzes in einer Aushärtungslage gehalten wird, in der die Sichtseite der im Gebrauch stark beanspruchten Bereiche der Einbauspüle nach unten gerichtet ist Hält man die Form in dieser über einen Zeitraum, der zumindest kurz vor dem Einsetzen des Aushärtens des Harzes beginnt und endet, wenn das Harz wenigstens weitgehend ausgehärtet ist so können sich die Füllstoffpartikel aufgrund der Schwerkraft nach unten absetzen und führen so an der Sichtseite der erwähnten Bereiche zu einem höheren Füllstoffanteil in der Masse. In diesem Zusammenhang sei darauf hingewiesen, daß z. B. bei einer Einbauspüle mit einem Spülbecken und einer Arbeits- oder Abtropffläche die im Gebrauch stark beanspruchten Bereiche, nämlich der Beckenboden und die Arbeits- oder Abtropffläche, zumindest nahezu parallel zueinander verlaufen. Da die Viskosität der in die Form einzufüllenden Masse temperaturabhängig ist und die Tendenz der Füllstoffpartikel zum Sedimentieren mit der Verminderung der Viskosität zunimmt, empfiehlt es sich, die Form mindestens an den gegen die Sichtseite der Einbauspüle anliegenden Flächen zu beheizen und insbesondere auf eine Temperatur zwischen 70°C und 90°C, vorzugsweise auf eine Temperatur von ca. 80°C, zu erwärmen, ehe die fließfähige Mischung in die Form eingefüllt wird. Erfindungsgemäß kann dann die Masse so zusammengesetzt werden, daß sie vor und während des Einfüllens thixotrop bleibt in der Form vor dem Aushärten aber durch temperaturbedingte Verminderung der Viskosität ein Sedimentieren der Füllstoffpartikel zuläßt. Wenn dann der Polymerisationsvorgang einsetzt, steigt die Viskosität stark an, so daß das Sedimentieren des Füllstoffs beendet wird.In order to easily achieve that the packing density of the mineral filler particles is greater on the visible side than in the rear of the built-in sink in the areas of a built-in sink subject to heavy use, this is expediently produced by a method of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the invention the mold for curing the resin is held in a curing position in which the visible side of the areas of the built-in sink which are heavily used during use is held down for a period of time which begins at least shortly before the curing of the resin begins and ends when the resin is at least largely cured, the filler particles can settle down due to gravity and thus lead to a higher proportion of filler in the composition on the visible side of the areas mentioned. In this context, it should be noted that, for. B. in a built-in sink with a sink and a work or drainer, the areas heavily used in use, namely the pool floor and the work or drainer, run at least almost parallel to each other. Since the viscosity of the mass to be filled into the mold is temperature-dependent and the tendency of the filler particles to sedimentate increases with the decrease in viscosity, it is advisable to heat the mold at least on the surfaces against the visible side of the built-in sink and in particular to a temperature between 70 ° C and 90 ° C, preferably to a temperature of about 80 ° C, before the flowable mixture is poured into the mold. According to the invention, the mass can then be composed in such a way that it remains thixotropic in the mold before and during filling, but allows the filler particles to sediment by reducing the viscosity due to temperature. When the polymerization process then begins, the viscosity rises sharply, so that the sedimentation of the filler stops.

Die Maßnahme, bei der Herstellung eines gegossenen Bauteils die Form während des Aushärtens des Harzes in einer Lage zu halten, in der die Sichtseite des Bauteils nach unten weist, ist zwar aus der US-A-3 078 249 an sich bekannt jedoch zu einem völlig anderen Zweck, nachdem dieser Stand der Technik vorschlägt, die Oberflächen des Bauteils vor dem völligen Aushärten des Harzes mit einer Schicht feinen Sandes zu beschichten.The measure of keeping the mold in a position in the production of a cast component during the curing of the resin, in which the visible side of the component points downward, is known per se from US Pat. No. 3,078,249, however, to a complete extent another purpose, after this prior art proposes to coat the surfaces of the component with a layer of fine sand before the resin has fully hardened.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die Form zum Befüllen des Formhohlraums mit der fließfähigen Mischung in eine Befüllage gebracht, in der die durch den Einfüllkanal eingebrachte Mischung die Luft aus dem Formhohlraum durch den Entlüftungspfad vollständig verdrängen kann, worauf die Form in die Aushärtungslage gedreht wird.In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the mold for filling the mold cavity with the flowable mixture is brought into a filling position in which the mixture introduced through the filler channel can completely displace the air from the mold cavity through the venting path, whereupon the mold is rotated into the hardening position becomes.

Vor allem beim Herstellen farbiger Einbauspülen sollte man nach Möglichkeit vermeiden, daß die fließfähige Mischung beim Befüllen des Formhohlraums Teilströme bildet, die irgendwo innerhalb des Formhohlraums aufeinander treffen, weil sich sonst in der fertigen Einbauspüle sichtbare Fließ- oder Strömungslinien ergeben können. Deshalb wird empfohlen, die Befüllage und die Anordnung des Einfüllkanals so zu wählen, daß beim Befüllen des Formhohlraums in diesem keine aufeinandertreffenden Ströme der fließfähigen Mischung entstehen können.Especially when manufacturing colored built-in sinks, one should avoid where possible that the flowable mixture forms partial flows when filling the mold cavity, which meet somewhere within the mold cavity, because otherwise visible flow or flow lines can result in the finished built-in sink. It is therefore recommended to choose the filling position and the arrangement of the filling channel in such a way that when the mold cavity is filled, there can be no colliding streams of the flowable mixture.

Damit die im wesentlichen aus Füllstoffen und Harz bestehende Mischung beim Aushärten des letzteren im wesentlichen nur von derjenigen Wand des Formhohlraums wegschrumpft, die der Rückseite der Einbauspüle benachbart ist, wird schließlich empfohlen, zum Aushärten des Harzes die Form an den gegen die Sichtseite der Einbauspüle anliegenden Flächen zuerst zu beheizen und/oder auf eine höhere Temperatur aufzuheizen als an den gegen die Rückseite der Einbauspüle anliegenden Formflächen; dann beginnt nämlich der Aushärtungsvorgang an der späteren Sichtseite der Einbauspüle, und die Mischung aus Füllstoff und Harz bildet dort eine harte Schicht, ehe die eigentliche Volumenschrumpfung von z. B. 8 - 10 Vol.% einsetzt - wie sich aus den vorstehenden Erläuterungen ergibt, findet dann an der Sichtseite ein Schrumpfen nur in den Mikrobereichen zwischen den Füllstoffpartikeln statt, so daß sich eine Einbauspüle mit formgetreuer Sichtseite ergibt. Dies gilt um so mehr, als die Füllstoffpartikel an der Sichtseite der Einbauspüle angereichert sind.Finally, so that the mixture consisting essentially of fillers and resin when the latter hardens only shrinks away from that wall of the mold cavity which is adjacent to the rear of the built-in sink, it is recommended to harden the resin by pressing the mold against the visible side of the built-in sink First heat surfaces and / or heat them up to a higher temperature than on the mold surfaces against the back of the built-in sink; then the curing process begins on the later visible side of the built-in sink, and the mixture of filler and resin forms a hard layer there before the actual volume shrinkage of e.g. B. 8 - 10 vol.% - As can be seen from the above explanations, shrinkage takes place on the visible side only in the micro-regions between the filler particles, so that there is a built-in sink with a true-to-shape visible side. This is all the more true since the filler particles are enriched on the visible side of the built-in sink.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand einiger bevorzugter Ausführungsformen noch näher erläutert; diesem Zweck dient auch die beigefügte Zeichnung. Diese zeigt Schnitte durch zwei verschiedene Formen für die Herstellung von Spülbecken, und zwar in

  • Figur 1 eine erste Form in der Befüllage;
  • Figur 2 eine zweite Form in der Befüllage, und in
  • Fig. 3 die zweite Form in der Aushärtungslage.
The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a few preferred embodiments; the attached drawing also serves this purpose. This shows cuts through two different shapes for the production of sinks, namely in
  • Figure 1 shows a first form in the filling position;
  • Figure 2 shows a second form in the filling position, and in
  • Fig. 3 shows the second form in the curing position.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt einen Grundrahmen 10, an dem mehrere Halteklammern 12 um Achsen 14 schwenkbar angebracht sind. Der Grundrahmen 10 trägt eine aus zwei Formhälften 16 und 18 bestehende Form 20, die einen Formhohlraum 22 bildet und von den Halteklammern 12 gegen flexible Druckkörper 24 gepreßt wird, die mit Preßluft oder einem anderen komprimierbaren Druckmedium gefüllt sind und über die sich die Form 20 auf dem Grundrahmen 10 abstützt. Dieser ist über nicht dargestellte Mittel um eine Schwenkachse 26 drehbar, die senkrecht zur Zeichnungsebene der Fig. 1 verläuft.Fig. 1 shows a base frame 10, on which a plurality of retaining clips 12 are pivotally mounted about axes 14. The base frame 10 carries a mold 20 consisting of two mold halves 16 and 18, which forms a mold cavity 22 and is pressed by the holding clips 12 against flexible pressure bodies 24 which are filled with compressed air or another compressible pressure medium and via which the mold 20 is opened supports the base frame 10. This can be rotated by means not shown about a pivot axis 26 which runs perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 1.

Die Formhälfte 18 besitzt einen Einfüllkanal 30 und einen Entlüftungskanal 32, die beide in den Formhohlraum 22 münden und über nicht dargestellte Ventile verschließbar sind. Der Formhohlraum 22 wird einerseits von einer von der Formhälfte 18 gebildeten Rückseitenformfläche 34 sowie einer von der Formhälfte 16 gebildeten Sichtseitenformfläche 36 und andererseits von einer umlaufenden, in sich geschlossenen Dichtung 38 begrenzt, wobei sich die Dichtflächenpressung im Bereich der Dichtung 38 durch Einstellschrauben 40 einstellen läßt, die in Gewindebohrungen der Halteklammern 12 gehalten sind und gegen eine Stufe der Formhälfte 18 anlegen.The mold half 18 has a filling channel 30 and a ventilation channel 32, both of which open into the mold cavity 22 and can be closed by valves, not shown. The mold cavity 22 is delimited on the one hand by a rear side mold surface 34 formed by the mold half 18 and a visible side mold surface 36 formed by the mold half 16, and on the other hand by a circumferential, self-contained seal 38, the sealing surface pressure in the area of the seal 38 being adjustable by adjusting screws 40 which are held in threaded bores of the holding clips 12 and bear against a step of the mold half 18.

Das mit Hilfe der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Form 20 herzustellende Spülbecken weist einen Beckenboden 50, Beckenseitenwände 52, einen umlaufenden Flansch 54 und einen hochgestellten umlaufenden Rand 56 auf.The sink to be produced with the aid of the mold 20 shown in FIG. 1 has a basin bottom 50, basin side walls 52, a circumferential flange 54 and a raised circumferential edge 56.

Zum Befüllen der Form 20 mit der erfindungsgemäßen fließfähigen Mischung aus einem aushärtbaren Harz und einem zumindest überwiegend von Quarzpartikeln gebildeten Füllstoff über den Einfüllkanal 30 wird der Entlüftungskanal 32 geöffnet und die Form in die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Position gebracht. Erfindungsgemäß mündet der Einfüllkanal 30 in die Rückseitenformfläche 34 im Bereich des Beckenbodens 50; die in den Formhohlraum 22 gepumpte fließfähige Mischung fließt dann zunächst über die in der Befüllage unten liegende Beckenseitenwand nach unten bis in den unten liegenden Bereich des Rands 56, so daß die dort befindliche Luft nicht im Formhohlraum eingeschlossen wird, sondern nach der Seite zu entweichen und über die nicht dargestellten, nach oben verlaufenden seitlichen Bereiche des Rands 56 und den oberen Bereich des Rands 56 sowie den Entlüftungskanal 32 den Formhohlraum 22 verlassen kann. Erfindungsgemäß wird eine solche Menge der fließfähigen Mischung in den Formhohlraum 22 gepumpt, daß ein geringer Teil der Mischung aus dem Entlüftungskanal 32 austritt. Dann werden der Einfüllkanal 30 und der Entlüftungskanal 32 geschlossen und die Vorrichtung um die Schwenkachse 26 in die Aushärtungslage gedreht, die für die zweite Form in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist.To fill the mold 20 with the flowable mixture according to the invention of a curable resin and a filler at least predominantly formed by quartz particles, the ventilation duct 32 is opened and the mold is brought into the position shown in FIG. 1. According to the invention, the filling channel 30 opens into the rear surface 34 in the region of the pelvic floor 50; The flowable mixture pumped into the mold cavity 22 then first flows down over the pool side wall located at the bottom in the filling position down to the area of the edge 56 below, so that the air there is not enclosed in the mold cavity, but to escape to the side and can leave the mold cavity 22 via the upward-facing lateral regions of the edge 56 and the upper region of the edge 56 and the ventilation channel 32. According to the invention, such an amount of the flowable mixture is pumped into the mold cavity 22 that a small part of the mixture emerges from the ventilation channel 32. Then the filling channel 30 and the ventilation channel 32 are closed and the device is rotated about the pivot axis 26 into the curing position, which is shown for the second form in FIG. 3.

Die Gestaltung der Form und die Befüllage, wie sie in Fig. 1 gezeigt sind, eignen sich auch für die Herstellung von Spülbecken, die in Abwandlung der dargestellten Ausführungsform einen nach unten, d.h. in Richtung zum Beckenboden, abgewinkelten Rand 56 besitzen, weil auch in einem solchen Fall die Luft aus dem den Rand 56 definierenden Bereich des Formhohlraums 22 nach der Seite zu und nach oben entweichen kann. Dies trifft für die in Fig. 2 gezeigte Befüllage nicht zu.The design of the shape and the filling position, as shown in Fig. 1, are also suitable for the production of sinks which, in a modification of the illustrated embodiment, have a downward, i.e. in the direction of the pelvic floor, have angled edge 56, because even in such a case the air can escape from the area of the mold cavity 22 defining the edge 56 to the side and upwards. This does not apply to the filling position shown in FIG. 2.

Für die Ausführungsform nach den Figuren 2 und 3 wurden dieselben Bezugszeichen wie in Fig. 1 verwendet, jedoch unter Hinzufügung eines Strichs. Die Form 20' besitzt zwar einen Einfüllkanal 30', jedoch keinen besonderen Entlüftungskanal, da in der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Befüllage der Formhohlraum 22' an der Dichtung 38' vorbei entlüftet werden kann. Hierzu ist es lediglich zweckmäßig, während des Befüllens des Formhohlraums die Einstellschrauben 40' soweit zu lockern, daß die Luft zwischen der Dichtung 38' und den beiden Formhälften 16' und 18' entweichen kann. Es kann auch vorteilhaft sein, zwischen die Dichtung 38' und eine oder beide Formhälften 16', 18' einen Streifen eines Vliesstoffes einzulegen, durch den hindurch zwar die Luft entweichen kann, jedoch nicht die in den Formhohlraum hineingepumpte fließfähige Mischung aus Harz und Füllstoff.The same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 were used for the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3, but with the addition of a dash. The mold 20 'does have a filling channel 30', but no special ventilation channel, since in the filling position shown in FIG. 2 the mold cavity 22 'can be vented past the seal 38'. For this purpose, it is only expedient to loosen the adjusting screws 40 'to such an extent that the air can escape between the seal 38' and the two mold halves 16 'and 18' during the filling of the mold cavity. It may also be advantageous to insert a strip of a nonwoven fabric between the seal 38 'and one or both mold halves 16', 18 'through which the air can escape, but not the flowable mixture of resin and filler pumped into the mold cavity.

Wie bereits erwähnt, zeigt die Fig. 3 die Aushärtungslage, in der die Sichtseiten des Beckenbodens 50 und des Flanschs 54 nach unten gerichtet sind.As already mentioned, FIG. 3 shows the hardening position, in which the visible sides of the pelvic floor 50 and the flange 54 are directed downwards.

Beheiz- und Kühlvorrichtungen für die Formen 20 und 20' wurden nicht dargestellt, da es sich dabei um Elemente handelt, die aus der Herstellung von Gegenständen aus gefüllten Kunststoffen bekannt sind,Heating and cooling devices for the molds 20 and 20 'have not been shown, since these are elements which are known from the production of objects from filled plastics,

Im folgenden soll noch eine bevorzugte Zusammensetzung der verarbeiteten fließfähigen Mischung beschrieben werden:
74 bis 76 Gew.% kristalliner Quarzsand;
24 bis 26 Gew.% einer Lösung von Polymethylmethacrylat in Methylmethacrylat, wobei der Anteil des Polymethylmethacrylats an dieser Lösung 18 bis 25 % beträgt.
A preferred composition of the processed flowable mixture is to be described below:
74 to 76% by weight of crystalline quartz sand;
24 to 26% by weight of a solution of polymethyl methacrylate in methyl methacrylate, the proportion of polymethyl methacrylate in this solution being 18 to 25%.

1,2 Gew.%(bezogen auf das Harz) eines peroxydischen Katalysators;
0.2 bis 0.4 % eines Haftvermittlers, welcher auch schon als Beschichtung auf den Füllstoffpartikeln vorhanden sein kann;
2 % eines Quervernetzungsmittels.
1.2% by weight (based on the resin) of a peroxidic catalyst;
0.2 to 0.4% of an adhesion promoter, which may already be present as a coating on the filler particles;
2% of a cross-linking agent.

Als mineralische Füllstoffpartikel eignen sich alle Mineralien, die eine hinreichend große Härte besitzen.All minerals that are sufficiently hard are suitable as mineral filler particles.

Claims (23)

  1. Built-in sink having a visible side and a rear side and consisting of a compound containing a resin forming a matrix and a filler formed at least predominantly of mineral filler particles, the filler constituting approximately 50 to 85 % by weight of the compound and its mineral filler particles having an unbroken grain shape and a colour coating on their surface, wherein the predominant portion of the mineral filler particles has a size of approximately 0.1 mm to 2 mm and in the regions of the built-in sink subject to severe wear and tear during use, the packing density of the mineral filler particles is greater on the visible side of the built-in sink than on its rear side.
  2. Built-in sink as defined in claim 1, characterized in that the mineral filler particles are crystalline quartz sand.
  3. Built-in sink as defined in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the colour coating contains at least one colour pigment and as binding agent at least one silicate, in particular an alkali silicate, or a plastic, in particular polyurethane, methacrylate or epoxy resin.
  4. Built-in sink as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the predominant portion of the mineral filler particles has a size of approximately 0.1 mm to approximately 1 mm.
  5. Built-in sink as defined in claim 4, characterized in that approximately 70 to 85 % of the mineral filler particles have a size of approximately 0.1 mm to approximately 0.4 mm.
  6. Built-in sink as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filler constitutes approximately 70 to 80 % by weight of the compound.
  7. Built-in sink as defined in claim 6, characterized in that the filler constitutes at least approximately 73 % by weight of the compound.
  8. Built-in sink as defined in one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the matrix is colourless.
  9. Built-in sink as defined in one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that, on the visible side, at least almost all of the filler particles are coated with a thin layer of the resin forming the matrix.
  10. Built-in sink as defined in one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the visible side has a surface structure due to the resin constituting the matrix forming small depressions between the mineral filler particles.
  11. Built-in sink as defined in one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the resin matrix consists of polymethyl methacrylate.
  12. Built-in sink as defined in one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Taber abrasion value on the visible side in the regions of the component subject to severe wear and tear during use is below 4 mg/100 r.
  13. Built-in sink as defined in claim 12, characterized in that the Taber abrasion value on the visible side in the regions of the component subject to severe wear and tear during use is at the most approximately 3.5 mg/100 r.
  14. Built-in sink as defined in claim 12, characterized in that the Taber abrasion value on the visible side in the regions of the component sink subject to severe wear and tear during use is between approximately 3.5 and approximately 3.0 mg/100 r.
  15. Method for manufacturing a built-in sink having a visible side and a rear side as defined in one or more of claims 1 to 14, with a mold forming a mold cavity corresponding to the shape of the built-in sink and comprising a filling channel opening into the mold cavity as well as a venting duct for the mold cavity, a flowable mixture consisting of a hardenable resin and a filler formed at least predominantly of mineral filler particles being introduced into the mold cavity via the filling channel and this cavity hereby being vented via the venting duct, whereupon the resin is hardened, characterized in that for hardening the resin the mold is held in a hardening position in which the visible side of the regions of the built-in sink subject to severe wear and tear during use faces downwards.
  16. Method as defined in claim 15, characterized in that a crystalline quartz sand with an unbroken grain shape is used as silicate particles.
  17. Method as defined in claim 15 or 16, characterized by the use of a flowable mixture having the features of one or more of claims 1 to 12.
  18. Method as defined in one or more of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the flowable mixture contains a thixotropic agent.
  19. Method as defined in one or more of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the flowable mixture contains as resin a solution of a polymer in a monomer, in particular a solution of polymethyl methacrylate in methyl methacrylate.
  20. Method as defined in one or more of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that for filling the mold cavity with the flowable mixture the mold is brought into a filling position in which the mixture introduced through the filling channel can completely displace the air from the mold cavity through the venting duct, whereupon the mold is turned into the hardening position.
  21. Method as defined in claim 20, characterized in that the filling position and the arrangement of the filling channel are selected such that during filling of the mold cavity no streams of flowable mixture impinging on one another can result herein.
  22. Method as defined in one or more of claims 15 to 21, characterized in that for hardening the resin of the flowable mixture the mold is first of all heated at the surfaces resting against the visible side of the built-in sink and/or heated up to a higher temperature than at the mold surfaces resting against the rear side of the built-in sink.
  23. Method as defined in one or more of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that the mold is heated at least at the surfaces resting against the visible side of the built-in sink, in particular to a temperature of between 70°C and 90°C, before the flowable mixture is introduced into the mold.
EP89115791A 1988-09-23 1989-08-26 Component such as a fitted sink, and method for manufacturing the same Expired - Lifetime EP0361101B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3832351A DE3832351A1 (en) 1988-09-23 1988-09-23 COMPONENT, IN PARTICULAR BUILT-IN COIL AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
DE3832351 1988-09-23

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EP0361101A1 EP0361101A1 (en) 1990-04-04
EP0361101B1 EP0361101B1 (en) 1992-07-01
EP0361101B2 true EP0361101B2 (en) 1995-03-15

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US (1) US5218013A (en)
EP (1) EP0361101B2 (en)
JP (1) JP3070746B2 (en)
KR (1) KR910009371B1 (en)
AU (1) AU623677B2 (en)
BR (1) BR8904807A (en)
CA (1) CA1340127C (en)
DE (2) DE3832351A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2033498T5 (en)
IL (1) IL91716A (en)
NZ (1) NZ230535A (en)
ZA (1) ZA896883B (en)

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DE102005007028A1 (en) * 2005-02-15 2006-08-24 Bene_Fit Gmbh Use of colored granulates, comprising e.g. pearlite, together with further bonding agent coated granulate compounds to reduce the fading away of color pigments in synthetic resin/silicate-bound articles e.g. culinary articles
DE102005007028B4 (en) * 2005-02-15 2008-04-10 Bene_Fit Gmbh Use of a colored granulate for reducing a separation of the color pigments in resin-bonded or silicate-bound colored objects
DE102008047758B3 (en) * 2008-09-17 2009-12-31 Schock Gmbh Molded part, such as kitchen sink, sink or the like, and a method for producing such a molded part
DE102010046627A1 (en) 2010-09-17 2012-03-22 Schock Gmbh Molded part, such as kitchen sink, sink or the like, as well as methods for producing such a molded part

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NZ230535A (en) 1992-04-28
KR900004486A (en) 1990-04-12
DE3832351A1 (en) 1990-04-05
AU623677B2 (en) 1992-05-21
BR8904807A (en) 1990-05-01
JPH02120340A (en) 1990-05-08
ES2033498T3 (en) 1993-03-16
IL91716A (en) 1993-05-13
EP0361101B1 (en) 1992-07-01
KR910009371B1 (en) 1991-11-14
AU4103989A (en) 1990-03-29
CA1340127C (en) 1998-11-10
IL91716A0 (en) 1990-06-10
US5218013A (en) 1993-06-08
DE58901772D1 (en) 1992-08-06
ES2033498T5 (en) 1995-08-16
EP0361101A1 (en) 1990-04-04
ZA896883B (en) 1990-06-27
JP3070746B2 (en) 2000-07-31

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