EP0360743A1 - Mixtures of non-ionic surfactants and their use as textile finishing agents - Google Patents

Mixtures of non-ionic surfactants and their use as textile finishing agents Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0360743A1
EP0360743A1 EP89810677A EP89810677A EP0360743A1 EP 0360743 A1 EP0360743 A1 EP 0360743A1 EP 89810677 A EP89810677 A EP 89810677A EP 89810677 A EP89810677 A EP 89810677A EP 0360743 A1 EP0360743 A1 EP 0360743A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
component
ethylene oxide
surfactant mixture
mixture according
adduct
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EP89810677A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Guth
Albert Stehlin
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Novartis AG
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Ciba Geigy AG
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Publication of EP0360743A1 publication Critical patent/EP0360743A1/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
    • D06P1/613—Polyethers without nitrogen
    • D06P1/6131—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes
    • D06P1/6135—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes from aromatic alcohols or from phenols, naphthols
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
    • D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
    • D06L1/12—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using aqueous solvents
    • D06L1/14—De-sizing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
    • D06P1/613—Polyethers without nitrogen
    • D06P1/6131—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes
    • D06P1/6133—Addition products of hydroxyl groups-containing compounds with oxiranes from araliphatic or aliphatic alcohols

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to new nonionic surfactant mixtures and their use as textile finishing agents, in particular as wetting agents.
  • Both component 1) and component 2) can be used individually or already as mixtures.
  • the surfactant mixtures according to the invention are produced by a suitable mixture of components 1) and 2), as a result of which they have an HLB value of 13 to 14 and, surprisingly, have excellent wetting power. It is known that surfactants suitable as wetting agents have an HLB value of 5 to 12. The wetting capacity of the surfactant mixtures is tested based on the DIN 53901 standard by determining the wetting time for 1-2 g of product per liter of wetting liquor.
  • the HLB value is a measure of the "H ydrophilic- L ipophilic- alance B" in one molecule.
  • a molecule of a surface-active compound is partly hydrophilic and partly lipophilic. The balance between these two parts significantly influences the surface-active properties of the molecule.
  • a number can now be specified that roughly defines the degree of water and fat friendliness (the HLB value); higher numbers are given for mainly hydrophilic molecules and lower numbers for mainly lipophilic molecules.
  • the HLB values can be determined experimentally [WC Griffin, JSCC 5 , 249 (1954)] or calculated (JT Davis, Tenside Detergents 11 (1974) No. 3, p. 133). It can be assumed that all HLB values used here are approximate values of experimental or calculated determinations and can vary slightly with changes in the composition of a specific surface-active compound or mixture.
  • the surfactant mixtures according to the invention preferably consist of 13.4 to 70 percent by weight of component 1) and 30 to 86.6 percent by weight of component 2).
  • Component 1) is preferably an optionally ethoxylated, aliphatic monoalcohol with 8 to 22 carbon atoms, an ethoxylated phenol substituted with C4-C12-alkyl or phenyl or an ethoxylated fatty acid of 8 to 24 carbon atoms, the degree of ethoxylation at most 4 and the HLB value is expediently 0.5 to 10.0.
  • the aliphatic monoalcohol can be saturated or unsaturated and branched or straight chain.
  • Natural alcohols e.g. Lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, stearyl, arachyl, behenyl or oleyl alcohol or synthetic alcohols such as preferably 2-ethylhexanol, trimethylhexanol, trimethylnonyl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, isotridecanol or hexadecyl alcohol can be used.
  • Suitable alkyl- or phenyl-substituted phenols are, for example, o-phenylphenol, butylphenol, tributylphenol, octylphenol and especially nonylphenol. These phenolic compounds are preferably etherified with 2 or 3 moles of ethylene oxide.
  • the fatty acids can be saturated or unsaturated, e.g. Caprine, lauric, coconut fatty, myristic, palm kernel, palmitic, tallow, stearic, arachic, behenic, oil, ricinoleic, linoleic, linolenic, erucic or lignoceric acid. Mixtures of these acids, such as those obtained from the cleavage of natural oils or fats, can also be used for the ethoxylation.
  • nonionic surface-active compounds which are suitable as component 1) are di- to hexavalent alkanols esterified or partially esterified with fatty acids of 8 to 24 carbon atoms.
  • the alkanols preferably contain 2 to 6 carbon atoms and are, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, erythritol, mannitol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol or especially sorbitan.
  • fatty acid ester Ethylglykoldilaurat ethylene glycol or dilaurate, ethylene glycol, Diethylenglykoldioleat, propylene glycol, glycerol or dilaurate, glycerol monooleate, glycerol, sorbitan, sorbitan, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan or sorbitan be mentioned.
  • Preferred components 1) are lauryl alcohol, cetyl alcohol or adducts of 2 to 4 moles of ethylene oxide with nonylphenol or isotridecyl alcohol.
  • Component 2 has an HLB value which is preferably above 16 and is expediently at least 7 units greater than the HLB value of component 1).
  • Components 2) preferably have an HLB value of 16 to 19.
  • the nonionic components 2) used are preferably aliphatic C8-C22 monoalcohols or C4-C12 alkylphenols and also fatty acid esters, such as sorbitan monolaurate, which are etherified with 10 to 100 mol, preferably 18 to 85 mol, of ethylene oxide.
  • the system is well suited product of 35 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of nonylphenol, the adduct of 80 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of oleyl alcohol or the adduct of 36 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of stearyl alcohol.
  • the surfactant mixtures according to the invention can be used undiluted or diluted with water in application baths for textile treatment. They are particularly suitable as wetting agents in preparations for desizing cellulosic fiber materials, preferably cotton. This can be an enzymatic or oxidative desizing.
  • the desizing process is advantageously combined with a bleaching process which can be carried out before, during or after the desizing process.
  • the combined bleaching is preferably carried out during or after desizing of the textile material.
  • the substrate is impregnated with an aqueous liquor containing water glass (sodium silicate), alkali hydroxides and peroxides, e.g. by padding and then heat treatment, e.g. Steaming, or subjected to a cold storage process.
  • peroxide bleaching bleaching with alkali hypochlorites e.g. Sodium hypochlorite or sodium chlorite.
  • the surfactant mixtures according to the invention can also be used in the dyeing of cotton, in particular with vat dyes.
  • the amounts used in which the surfactant mixtures are added to the treatment liquors or dye liquors range from 0.5 to 10 g, preferably from 1 to 5 g, per liter of treatment liquor.
  • the parts are parts by weight and the percentages are percentages by weight.
  • the wetting capacity of the surfactant mixtures obtained according to Examples 1, 2 and 3 is determined in accordance with DIN 53901 by determining the wetting time for 1 g of product per liter of wetting liquor. The results are illustrated in the table.
  • Mixture or components 1) and 2) HLB value Network time example 1 14 4.2 sec Nonylphenol + 2 mol EO 6.8 not measurable* Nonylphenol + 35 mol EO 17.7 > 5 min.
  • Example 2 13.5 8.2 sec Isotridecanol + 3 moles of EO 9.0 17.0 sec Oleyl alcohol + 80 mol EO 18.7 > 5 min.
  • Example 3 14 12.2 sec Lauryl alcohol 1.8 not measurable* Nonylphenol + 35 mol EO 17.7 > 5 min.
  • Product insoluble in water EO ethylene oxide
  • sorbitan monolaurate 395 g of the sorbitan monolaurate (HLB value 8.6) are mixed with stirring with 605 g of the adduct of 20 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of sorbitan monolaurate (HLB value 16.7) at 25 ° C. 1000 g of a surfactant mixture are obtained in the form of a slightly viscous liquid with an HLB value of 13.5.
  • the wetting capacity was determined based on DIN 53901 in a liquor containing 2 g / l surfactant solution.
  • HLB value Network time mixture 13.5 140 sec Sorbitan monolaurate 8.6 220 sec ethoxylated sorbitan monolaurate 16.7 240 sec
  • a fabric made of starch-sized raw cotton of 210 g / m2 is made with a liquor that is in water of 10 ° dH per liter 4.5 g of the surfactant mixture according to Example 1
  • 5 g of an enzymatic desizing agent, for example amylase, and 4 g of sodium chloride contains and has a pH of 6-7, impregnated.
  • the fabric is squeezed to a liquor pick-up of 100% and steamed for 5 minutes in saturated steam at 98 ° C.
  • the fabric is then washed and dried at the boil.
  • the surfactant mixture mentioned the tissue is quickly wetted and well vented. You get an even desizing.
  • a fabric made from desized and mercerized cotton of 210 g / m2 is impregnated with a bleaching liquor, which is in liters 2 g of the surfactant mixture according to Example 2, 4 g of the aqueous mixture of the oligomer mixture of phosphoric acid esters according to US Pat. No. 4,254,063, monoethanolamine and magnesium chloride (ratio 2: 1: 0.5) 12 ml 38 ° Bé sodium silicate solution 15 ml of sodium hydroxide solution 36 ° Bé and 15 ml hydrogen peroxide 35% contains.
  • the fabric is then squeezed to a liquor pick-up of 100% and steamed at 98 ° C. for 6 minutes.
  • the fabric is then rinsed hot and cold and dried.
  • the surfactant mixture mentioned the tissue is quickly wetted and well vented.
  • a cross-wound bobbin with 70 g of cotton at 30 ° C. in a 500 ml liquor which contains 2 g / l of the surfactant mixture according to Example 3 is wetted in a circulation apparatus.
  • the following additives are then added to the fleet: 10 ml of an aqueous 30% NaOH solution, 3 g of an 86% sodium hydrosulfite solution 0.5 g of a vat dye (mixture of Vat Blue 4 CI 69800 and Vat Blue 6 CI 69825 in a ratio of 1: 3), which has been predispersed with water and 5 ml of a 30% aqueous NaOH solution.
  • a vat dye mixture of Vat Blue 4 CI 69800 and Vat Blue 6 CI 69825 in a ratio of 1: 3
  • the dyeing liquor is heated to 60 ° C. in the course of 30 minutes.
  • the cotton is dyed at this temperature for 30 minutes.
  • 6 g of sodium chloride are then added, followed by dyeing at 60 ° C. for a further 30 minutes.
  • the dyed goods are dried. You get a level and real blue color.

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  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

Nonionic surfactant mixture as textile finishing agent, which has an HLB value of 13 to 14 and consists of 1) a nonionic surfactant compound having an HLB value of 0.1 to 10 and 2) a nonionic surfactant compound having an HLB value of 15 to 20, components 1) and 2) being present in a weight ratio of 1 : 0.4 to 1 : 7.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft neue nichtionogene Tensidgemische sowie ihre Verwendung als Textilveredlungsmittel, insbesondere als Netzmittel.The present invention relates to new nonionic surfactant mixtures and their use as textile finishing agents, in particular as wetting agents.

Die erfindungsgemässen nichtionogenen Tensidgemische sind dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen HLB-Wert von 13 bis 14 aufweisen und aus

  • 1) einer nichtionogenen oberflächenaktiven Verbindung mit einem HLB-Wert von 0,1 bis 10 und
  • 2) einer nichtionogenen oberflächenaktiven Verbindung mit einem HLB-Wert von 15 bis 20
bestehen, wobei die Komponenten 1) und 2) in einem Gewichtsverhältnis von 1:0,4 bis 1:7 vorhanden sind.The nonionic surfactant mixtures according to the invention are characterized in that they have an HLB value of 13 to 14 and from
  • 1) a nonionic surface active compound with an HLB value of 0.1 to 10 and
  • 2) a nonionic surfactant with an HLB value of 15 to 20
exist, the components 1) and 2) being present in a weight ratio of 1: 0.4 to 1: 7.

Sowohl Komponente 1) als auch Komponente 2) können einzeln oder bereits als Mischungen vorliegend eingesetzt werden.Both component 1) and component 2) can be used individually or already as mixtures.

Die erfindungsgemässen Tensidgemische werden durch geeignete Mischung der Komponenten 1) und 2) hergestellt, wodurch sie einen HLB-Wert von 13 bis 14 aufweisen und überraschenderweise ein ausgezeichnetes Netzver­mögen besitzen. Bekanntlich weisen als Netzmittel geeignete oberflächen­aktive Stoffe einen HLB-Wert von 5 bis 12 auf. Die Prüfung des Netzver­mögens der Tensidmischungen wird in Anlehnung an die Norm DIN 53901 durchgeführt, indem die Netzzeit für 1-2 g Produkt pro Liter Netzflotte bestimmt wird.The surfactant mixtures according to the invention are produced by a suitable mixture of components 1) and 2), as a result of which they have an HLB value of 13 to 14 and, surprisingly, have excellent wetting power. It is known that surfactants suitable as wetting agents have an HLB value of 5 to 12. The wetting capacity of the surfactant mixtures is tested based on the DIN 53901 standard by determining the wetting time for 1-2 g of product per liter of wetting liquor.

Der HLB-Wert ist ein Mass für die "Hydrophilic-Lipophilic-Balance" in einem Molekül. Bekanntlich ist ein Molekül einer oberflächenaktiven Verbindung teilweise hydrophil und teilweise lipophil. Das Gleichgewicht zwischen diesen beiden Teilen beeinflusst die oberflächenaktiven Eigen­schaften des Moleküls massgeblich. Eine Zahl kann nun angegeben werden, die ungefähr das Mass der Wasser- und Fettfreundlichkeit (den HLB-Wert) definiert; höhere Zahlen sind bei hauptsächlich hydrophilen Molekülen und niedrigere Zahlen bei hauptsächlich lipophilen Molekülen gegeben. Die HLB-Werte können experimentell bestimmt [W.C. Griffin, JSCC 5, 249 (1954)] oder berechnet werden (J.T. Davis, Tenside Detergents 11 (1974) Nr. 3, S. 133). Es ist davon auszugehen, dass alle hier benutzten HLB-Werte Näherungswerte von experimentellen oder berechneten Bestimmun­gen sind und mit Aenderungen in der Zusammensetzung einer bestimmten oberflächenaktiven Verbindung bzw. Mischung leicht variieren können.The HLB value is a measure of the "H ydrophilic- L ipophilic- alance B" in one molecule. As is known, a molecule of a surface-active compound is partly hydrophilic and partly lipophilic. The balance between these two parts significantly influences the surface-active properties of the molecule. A number can now be specified that roughly defines the degree of water and fat friendliness (the HLB value); higher numbers are given for mainly hydrophilic molecules and lower numbers for mainly lipophilic molecules. The HLB values can be determined experimentally [WC Griffin, JSCC 5 , 249 (1954)] or calculated (JT Davis, Tenside Detergents 11 (1974) No. 3, p. 133). It can be assumed that all HLB values used here are approximate values of experimental or calculated determinations and can vary slightly with changes in the composition of a specific surface-active compound or mixture.

Die erfindungsgemässen Tensidgemische bestehen vorzugsweise aus 13,4 bis 70 Gewichtprozent der Komponente 1) und 30 bis 86,6 Gewichtsprozent der Komponente 2).The surfactant mixtures according to the invention preferably consist of 13.4 to 70 percent by weight of component 1) and 30 to 86.6 percent by weight of component 2).

Bei der Komponente 1) handelt es sich vorzugsweise um einen gegebenen­falls ethoxylierten, aliphatischen Monoalkohol mit 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoff­atomen, um ein ethoxyliertes, mit C₄-C₁₂-Alkyl oder Phenyl substituiertes Phenol oder um eine ethoxylierte Fettsäure von 8 bis 24 Kohlenstoff­atomen, wobei der Ethoxylierungsgrad jeweils höchstens 4 und der HLB-Wert zweckmässigerweise 0,5 bis 10,0 beträgt.Component 1) is preferably an optionally ethoxylated, aliphatic monoalcohol with 8 to 22 carbon atoms, an ethoxylated phenol substituted with C₄-C₁₂-alkyl or phenyl or an ethoxylated fatty acid of 8 to 24 carbon atoms, the degree of ethoxylation at most 4 and the HLB value is expediently 0.5 to 10.0.

Der aliphatische Monoalkohohl kann gesattigt oder ungesättigt und verzweigt oder geradkettig sein. Es können natürliche Alkohole, wie z.B. Lauryl-, Myristyl-, Cetyl-, Stearyl-, Arachyl-, Behenyl- oder Oleylalko­hol oder synthetische Alkohole wie vorzugsweise 2-Ethylhexanol, Tri­methylhexanol, Trimethylnonylalkohol, Tridecylalkohol, Isotridecanol oder Hexadecylalkohol verwendet werden.The aliphatic monoalcohol can be saturated or unsaturated and branched or straight chain. Natural alcohols, e.g. Lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, stearyl, arachyl, behenyl or oleyl alcohol or synthetic alcohols such as preferably 2-ethylhexanol, trimethylhexanol, trimethylnonyl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, isotridecanol or hexadecyl alcohol can be used.

Als alkyl- oder phenylsubstituierte Phenole eignen sich beispielsweise o-Phenylphenol, Butylphenol, Tributylphenol, Octylphenol und besonders Nonylphenol. Diese Phenolverbindungen sind vorzugsweise mit 2 oder 3 Mol Ethylenoxid verethert.Suitable alkyl- or phenyl-substituted phenols are, for example, o-phenylphenol, butylphenol, tributylphenol, octylphenol and especially nonylphenol. These phenolic compounds are preferably etherified with 2 or 3 moles of ethylene oxide.

Die Fettsäuren können gesättigt oder ungesättigt sein, wie z.B. Caprin-, Laurin, Kokosfett-, Myristin-, Palmkernfett-, Palmitin-, Talgfett-, Stearin-, Arachin-, Behen-, Oel-, Ricinolein-, Linol-, Linolen-, Eruca- oder Lignocerinsäure. Es können auch Gemische dieser Säuren, wie sie bei der Spaltung von natürlichen Oelen oder Fetten gewonnen werden, zur Ethoxylierung verwendet werden.The fatty acids can be saturated or unsaturated, e.g. Caprine, lauric, coconut fatty, myristic, palm kernel, palmitic, tallow, stearic, arachic, behenic, oil, ricinoleic, linoleic, linolenic, erucic or lignoceric acid. Mixtures of these acids, such as those obtained from the cleavage of natural oils or fats, can also be used for the ethoxylation.

Weitere als Komponente 1) in Betracht kommende nichtionogene oberflä­chenaktive Verbindungen sind mit Fettsäuren von 8 bis 24 Kohlenstoff­atomen veresterte oder partiell veresterte zwei- bis sechswertige Alkanole. Die Alkanole enthalten vorzugsweise 2 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatome und sind beispielsweise Ethylenglykol, Diethylenglykol, Propylenglykol, Glycerin, Trimethylolpropan, Erythrit, Mannit, Pentaerythrit, Sorbit oder vor allem Sorbitan. Als Beispiele solcher Fettsäureester seien Ethyl­glykoldilaurat, Ethylenglykolmono- oder -dilaurat, Ethylenglykoldi­stearat, Diethylenglykoldioleat, Propylenglykolmonolaurat, Glycerinmono- oder -dilaurat, Glycerinmonooleat, Glycerindioleat, Sorbitanmonolaurat, Sorbitanmonostearat, Sorbitanmonooleat, Sorbitanmonopalmitat, Sorbitan­trioleat oder Sorbitansesquioleat genannt.Further nonionic surface-active compounds which are suitable as component 1) are di- to hexavalent alkanols esterified or partially esterified with fatty acids of 8 to 24 carbon atoms. The alkanols preferably contain 2 to 6 carbon atoms and are, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane, erythritol, mannitol, pentaerythritol, sorbitol or especially sorbitan. As examples of such fatty acid ester Ethylglykoldilaurat, ethylene glycol or dilaurate, ethylene glycol, Diethylenglykoldioleat, propylene glycol, glycerol or dilaurate, glycerol monooleate, glycerol, sorbitan, sorbitan, sorbitan monopalmitate, sorbitan or sorbitan be mentioned.

Bevorzugte Komponenten 1) sind Laurylalkohol, Cetylalkohol oder Anlage­rungsprodukte von 2 bis 4 Mol Ethylenoxid an Nonylphenol oder Isotri­decylalkohol.Preferred components 1) are lauryl alcohol, cetyl alcohol or adducts of 2 to 4 moles of ethylene oxide with nonylphenol or isotridecyl alcohol.

Die Komponente 2) weist einen HLB-Wert auf, der vorzugsweise über 16 liegt und zweckmässigerweise um mindestens 7 Einheiten grösser ist als der HLB-Wert der Komponente 1).Component 2) has an HLB value which is preferably above 16 and is expediently at least 7 units greater than the HLB value of component 1).

Vorzugsweise weisen Komponenten 2) einen HLB-Wert von 16 bis 19 auf.Components 2) preferably have an HLB value of 16 to 19.

Als nichtionogene Komponenten 2) verwendet man vorzugsweise aliphatische C₈-C₂₂-Monoalkohole oder C₄-C₁₂-Alkylphenole sowie auch Fettsäureester, wie Sorbitanmonolaurat, die jeweils mit 10 bis 100 Mol, vorzugsweise 18 bis 85 Mol Ethylenoxid verethert sind. Gut geeignet sind das Anlage­ rungsprodukt von 35 Mol Ethylenoxid an 1 Mol Nonylphenol, das Anlage­rungsprodukt von 80 Mol Ethylenoxid an 1 Mol Oleylalkohol oder das Anlagerungsprodukt von 36 Mol Ethylenoxid an 1 Mol Stearylalkohol.The nonionic components 2) used are preferably aliphatic C₈-C₂₂ monoalcohols or C₄-C₁₂ alkylphenols and also fatty acid esters, such as sorbitan monolaurate, which are etherified with 10 to 100 mol, preferably 18 to 85 mol, of ethylene oxide. The system is well suited product of 35 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of nonylphenol, the adduct of 80 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of oleyl alcohol or the adduct of 36 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of stearyl alcohol.

Die erfindungsgemässen Tensidmischungen können unverdünnt oder mit Wasser verdünnt in Applikationsbäder zur Textilbehandlung verwendet werden. Insbesondere eignen sie sich als Netzmittel in Zubereitungen zur Ent­schlichtung von cellulosehaltigen Fasermaterialien, vorzugsweise von Baumwolle. Es kann sich dabei um eine enzymatische oder oxydative Entschlichtung handeln. Vorteilhafterweise wird das Entschlichtungs­verfahren mit einem Bleichprozess kombiniert, der vor, während oder nach dem Entschlichtungsvorgang durchgeführt werden kann. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die kombinierte Bleiche während oder nach der Entschlichtung des Textil­materials. Im letzteren Falle wird das Substrat nach dem Entschlich­tungsvorgang mit einer wässrigen Flotte, welches Wasserglas (Natrium­silikat), Alkalihydroxide und Peroxide enthält, imprägniert, z.B. durch Klotzen und dann einer Hitzebehandlung, z.B. Dämpfen, oder einem Kalt­lagerverfahren unterworfen. Anstelle der Peroxidbleiche kann auch eine Bleiche mit Alkalihypochloriten z.B. Natriumhypochlorit oder Natrium­chlorit erfolgen.The surfactant mixtures according to the invention can be used undiluted or diluted with water in application baths for textile treatment. They are particularly suitable as wetting agents in preparations for desizing cellulosic fiber materials, preferably cotton. This can be an enzymatic or oxidative desizing. The desizing process is advantageously combined with a bleaching process which can be carried out before, during or after the desizing process. The combined bleaching is preferably carried out during or after desizing of the textile material. In the latter case, after desizing, the substrate is impregnated with an aqueous liquor containing water glass (sodium silicate), alkali hydroxides and peroxides, e.g. by padding and then heat treatment, e.g. Steaming, or subjected to a cold storage process. Instead of peroxide bleaching, bleaching with alkali hypochlorites e.g. Sodium hypochlorite or sodium chlorite.

Gewünschtenfalls können die erfindungsgemässen Tensidgemische auch beim Färben von Baumwolle insbesondere mit Küpenfarbstoffen eingesetzt werden.If desired, the surfactant mixtures according to the invention can also be used in the dyeing of cotton, in particular with vat dyes.

Die Einsatzmengen, in denen die Tensidmischungen den Behandlungsflotten bzw. Färbeflotten zugesetzt werden, bewegen sich von 0,5 bis 10 g vorzugsweise von 1 bis 5 g pro Liter Behandlungsflotte.The amounts used in which the surfactant mixtures are added to the treatment liquors or dye liquors range from 0.5 to 10 g, preferably from 1 to 5 g, per liter of treatment liquor.

In den folgenden Beispielen sind die Teile Gewichtsteile und die Prozente Gewichtsprozente.In the following examples, the parts are parts by weight and the percentages are percentages by weight.

HerstellungsbeispieleManufacturing examples Beispiel 1:Example 1:

339 g eines Anlagerungsproduktes von 2 Mol Ethylenoxid an 1 Mol p-Nonylphenol mit einem HLB-Wert von 6,8 werden unter Rühren mit 661 g eines Anlagerungsproduktes von 35 Mol Ethylenoxid am 1 Mol p-Nonyl­phenol mit einem HLB-Wert von 17,7 bei Raumtemperatur gemischt. Man erhält 1000 g eines Tensidgemisches mit einem HLB-Wert von 14.339 g of an adduct of 2 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of p-nonylphenol with an HLB value of 6.8 are stirred with 661 g of an adduct of 35 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of p-nonylphenol with an HLB value of 17.7 mixed at room temperature. 1000 g of a surfactant mixture with an HLB value of 14 are obtained.

Beispiel 2:Example 2:

536 g eines Anlagerungsproduktes von 3 Mol Ethylenoxid an 1 Mol Isotridecylalkohol (HLB-Wert: 9,0) werden unter Rühren mit 464 g eines Anlagerungsproduktes von 80 Mol Ethylenoxid an 1 Mol Oleylalkohol (HLB-Wert: 18,7) bei 25°C gemischt. Man erhält 1000 g eines Tensidge­misches mit einem HLB-Wert von 13,5.536 g of an adduct of 3 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of isotridecyl alcohol (HLB value: 9.0) are stirred with 464 g of an adduct of 80 mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of oleyl alcohol (HLB value: 18.7) at 25 ° C. mixed. 1000 g of a surfactant mixture with an HLB value of 13.5 are obtained.

Beispiel 3:Example 3:

233 g Laurylalkohol (HLB-Wert: 1,8) werden unter Rühren mit 767 g eines Anlagerungsproduktes von 35 Mol Ethylenoxid an 1 Mol Nonyl­phenol (HLB-Wert: 17,7) bei Raumtemperatur von 25°C gemischt. Man erhält 1000 g eines Tensidgemisches mit einem HLB-Wert von 14.233 g of lauryl alcohol (HLB value: 1.8) are mixed with stirring with 767 g of an adduct of 35 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of nonylphenol (HLB value: 17.7) at room temperature of 25 ° C. 1000 g of a surfactant mixture with an HLB value of 14 are obtained.

Beispiel 4:Example 4:

Das Netzvermögen der gemäss Beispielen 1, 2 und 3 erhaltenen Tensidmischungen wird in Anlehnung an DIN 53901 ermittelt, indem man die Netzzeit für 1 g Produkt pro Liter Netzflotte bestimmt wird. Die Ergeb­nisse sind in der Tabelle veranschaulicht. Mischung bzw. Komponenten 1) und 2) HLB-Wert Netzzeit Beispiel 1 14 4,2 Sek. Nonylphenol + 2 Mol EO 6,8 nicht messbar* Nonylphenol + 35 Mol EO 17,7 > 5 Min. Beispiel 2 13,5 8,2 Sek. Isotridecanol + 3 Mol EO 9,0 17,0 Sek. Oleylalkohol + 80 Mol EO 18,7 > 5 Min. Beispiel 3 14 12,2 Sek. Laurylalkohol 1,8 nicht messbar* Nonylphenol + 35 Mol EO 17,7 > 5 Min. *Produkt unlöslich in Wasser EO = Ethylenoxid The wetting capacity of the surfactant mixtures obtained according to Examples 1, 2 and 3 is determined in accordance with DIN 53901 by determining the wetting time for 1 g of product per liter of wetting liquor. The results are illustrated in the table. Mixture or components 1) and 2) HLB value Network time example 1 14 4.2 sec Nonylphenol + 2 mol EO 6.8 not measurable* Nonylphenol + 35 mol EO 17.7 > 5 min. Example 2 13.5 8.2 sec Isotridecanol + 3 moles of EO 9.0 17.0 sec Oleyl alcohol + 80 mol EO 18.7 > 5 min. Example 3 14 12.2 sec Lauryl alcohol 1.8 not measurable* Nonylphenol + 35 mol EO 17.7 > 5 min. * Product insoluble in water EO = ethylene oxide

Beispiel 5:Example 5:

395 g des Sorbitanmonolaurats (HLB-Wert 8,6) werden unter Rühren mit 605 g des Anlagerungsprodukt von 20 Mol Ethylenoxid an 1 Mol Sorbitanmonolaurat (HLB-Wert 16,7) bei 25°C gemischt. Man erhält 1000 g eines Tensidgemisches in Form einer leicht viskosen Flüssigkeit mit einem HLB-Wert von 13,5.395 g of the sorbitan monolaurate (HLB value 8.6) are mixed with stirring with 605 g of the adduct of 20 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of sorbitan monolaurate (HLB value 16.7) at 25 ° C. 1000 g of a surfactant mixture are obtained in the form of a slightly viscous liquid with an HLB value of 13.5.

Das Netzvermögen wurde in Anlehnung an DIN 53901 in einer Flotte ermittelt, die 2 g/l Tensidlösung enthält. HLB-Wert Netzzeit Mischung 13,5 140 Sek. Sorbitanmonolaurat 8,6 220 Sek. ethoxyliertes Sorbitanmonolaurat 16,7 240 Sek. The wetting capacity was determined based on DIN 53901 in a liquor containing 2 g / l surfactant solution. HLB value Network time mixture 13.5 140 sec Sorbitan monolaurate 8.6 220 sec ethoxylated sorbitan monolaurate 16.7 240 sec

Beispiel 6:Example 6:

Ein Gewebe aus stärkegeschlichteter Rohbaumwolle von 210 g/m² wird mit einer Flotte, die in Wasser von 10° dH pro Liter
4,5g der Tensidmischung gemäss Beispiel 1
5 g eines enzymatischen Entschlichtungsmittels z.B. Amylase, und 4 g Natriumchlorid
enthält und einen pH-Wert von 6-7 aufweist, imprägniert. Das Gewebe wird auf eine Flottenaufnahme von 100 % abgequetscht und 5 Minuten im Satt­dampf bei 98°C gedämpft. Anschliessend wird das Gewebe kochend ausge­waschen und getrocknet. Durch die Verwendung der genannten Tensidmischung wird das Gewebe schnell benetzt und gut entlüftet. Man erhält eine gleichmässige Entschlichtung.A fabric made of starch-sized raw cotton of 210 g / m² is made with a liquor that is in water of 10 ° dH per liter
4.5 g of the surfactant mixture according to Example 1
5 g of an enzymatic desizing agent, for example amylase, and 4 g of sodium chloride
contains and has a pH of 6-7, impregnated. The fabric is squeezed to a liquor pick-up of 100% and steamed for 5 minutes in saturated steam at 98 ° C. The fabric is then washed and dried at the boil. By using the surfactant mixture mentioned, the tissue is quickly wetted and well vented. You get an even desizing.

Beispiel 7:Example 7:

Ein Gewebe aus entschlichteter und mercerisierter Baumwolle von 210 g/m² wird mit einer Bleichflotte imprägniert, die im Liter
2 g der Tensidmischung gemäss Beispiel 2,
4 g des wässrigen Gemisches aus dem Oligomerengemisch von Phosphor­säureestern gemäss US-PS 4 254 063, Monoethanolamin und Magnesium­chlorid (Verhältnis 2:1:0,5)
12 ml Natriumsilikatlösung 38° Bé
15 ml Natriumhydroxidlösung 36° Bé und
15 ml Wasserstoffperoxid 35 %
enthält. Alsdann wird das Gewebe auf eine Flottenaufnahme von 100 % abgequetscht und 6 Minuten bei 98°C gedämpft. Anschliessend wird das Gewebe heiss und kalt gespült und getrocknet. Durch den Einsatz der genannten Tensidmischung wird das Gewebe schnell benetzt und gut ent­lüftet.A fabric made from desized and mercerized cotton of 210 g / m² is impregnated with a bleaching liquor, which is in liters
2 g of the surfactant mixture according to Example 2,
4 g of the aqueous mixture of the oligomer mixture of phosphoric acid esters according to US Pat. No. 4,254,063, monoethanolamine and magnesium chloride (ratio 2: 1: 0.5)
12 ml 38 ° Bé sodium silicate solution
15 ml of sodium hydroxide solution 36 ° Bé and
15 ml hydrogen peroxide 35%
contains. The fabric is then squeezed to a liquor pick-up of 100% and steamed at 98 ° C. for 6 minutes. The fabric is then rinsed hot and cold and dried. By using the surfactant mixture mentioned, the tissue is quickly wetted and well vented.

Beispiel 8:Example 8:

In einem Zirkulationsapparat wird eine Kreuzspule mit 70 g Baumwolle bei 30°C in 500 ml Flotte, welche 2 g/l der Tensidmischung gemäss Beispiel 3 enthält, eingenetzt.A cross-wound bobbin with 70 g of cotton at 30 ° C. in a 500 ml liquor which contains 2 g / l of the surfactant mixture according to Example 3 is wetted in a circulation apparatus.

Hierauf werden zur Flotte folgende Zusätze gegeben:
10 ml einer wässrigen 30%igen NaOH-Lösung,
3 g einer 86%igen Natriumhydrosulfitlösung
0,5 g eines Küpenfarbstoffes (Mischung von Vat Blue 4 C.I. 69800 und Vat Blue 6 C.I. 69825 im Verhältnis 1:3), welcher mit Wasser und 5 ml einer 30%igen wässrigen NaOH-Lösung vordispergiert worden ist.The following additives are then added to the fleet:
10 ml of an aqueous 30% NaOH solution,
3 g of an 86% sodium hydrosulfite solution
0.5 g of a vat dye (mixture of Vat Blue 4 CI 69800 and Vat Blue 6 CI 69825 in a ratio of 1: 3), which has been predispersed with water and 5 ml of a 30% aqueous NaOH solution.

Nach der gleichmässigen Verteilung der Zusätze wird die Färbeflotte im Verlauf von 30 Minuten auf 60°C erwärmt. Die Baumwolle wird 30 Minuten bei dieser Temperatur gefärbt. Anschliessend werden 6 g Natriumchlorid zugesetzt, worauf weitere 30 Minuten bei 60°C gefärbt wird. Nach warmem und kaltem Spülen wird die gefärbte Ware getrocknet. Man erhält eine egale und echte blaue Färbung.After the additives have been evenly distributed, the dyeing liquor is heated to 60 ° C. in the course of 30 minutes. The cotton is dyed at this temperature for 30 minutes. 6 g of sodium chloride are then added, followed by dyeing at 60 ° C. for a further 30 minutes. After warm and cold rinsing, the dyed goods are dried. You get a level and real blue color.

Claims (9)

1. Nichtionogenes Tensidgemisch als Textilveredlungsmittel, welches einen HLB-Wert von 13 bis 14 aufweist und aus
1) einer nichtionogenen oberflächenaktiven Verbindung mit einem HLB-Wert von 0,1 bis 10 und
2) einer nichtionogenen oberflächenaktiven Verbindung mit einem HLB-Wert von 15 bis 20
besteht, wobei die Komponenten 1) und 2) in einem Gewichtsverhältnis von 1:0,4 bis 1:7 vorhanden sind.1. Nonionic surfactant mixture as a textile finishing agent, which has an HLB value of 13 to 14 and from
1) a nonionic surface active compound with an HLB value of 0.1 to 10 and
2) a nonionic surfactant with an HLB value of 15 to 20
exists, components 1) and 2) being present in a weight ratio of 1: 0.4 to 1: 7. 2. Tensidgemisch gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es aus 13,4 bis 70 Gewichtsprozent der Komponente 1) und 30 bis 86,6 Gewichts­prozent der Komponente 2) besteht.2. A surfactant mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of 13.4 to 70 percent by weight of component 1) and 30 to 86.6 percent by weight of component 2). 3. Tensidgemisch gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, dass Komponente 1) ein gegebenenfalls ethoxylierter, alipha­tischer Monoalkohol mit 8 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen, ein ethoxyliertes, mit C₄-C₁₂-Alkyl oder Phenyl substituiertes Phenol oder eine ethoxylierte Fettsäure von 8 bis 24 Kohlenstoffatomen, wobei der Ethoxylierungsgrad jeweils höchstens 4 beträgt, ist.3. Surfactant mixture according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that component 1) an optionally ethoxylated, aliphatic monoalcohol with 8 to 22 carbon atoms, an ethoxylated phenol substituted with C₄-C₁₂-alkyl or phenyl or an ethoxylated fatty acid from 8 to 24 carbon atoms, the degree of ethoxylation in each case being at most 4. 4. Tensidgemisch gemäss Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Kompo­nente 1) Laurylalkohol, Cetylalkohol oder ein Anlagerungsprodukt von 2 bis 4 Mol Ethylenoxid an Nonylphenol oder Isotridecylalkohol ist.4. A surfactant mixture according to claim 3, characterized in that component 1) is lauryl alcohol, cetyl alcohol or an adduct of 2 to 4 moles of ethylene oxide with nonylphenol or isotridecyl alcohol. 5. Tensidgemisch gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, dass Komponente 1) ein zwei- bis sechswertiges Alkanol ist, das mit einer Fettsäure von 8 bis 24 Kohlenstoffatomen verestert oder partiell verestert ist.5. Surfactant mixture according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that component 1) is a di- to hexavalent alkanol which is esterified or partially esterified with a fatty acid of 8 to 24 carbon atoms. 6. Tensidgemisch gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeich­net, dass Komponente 2) das Anlagerungsprodukt von 10 bis 100 Mol Ethylenoxid an 1 Mol eines aliphatischen C₈-C₂₂-Monoalkohols oder eines C₄-C₁₂-Alkylphenols ist.6. Surfactant mixture according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that component 2) is the adduct of 10 to 100 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of an aliphatic C₈-C₂₂ monoalcohol or a C₄-C₁₂ alkylphenol. 7. Tensidgemisch gemäss Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Kompo­nente 2) das Anlagerungsprodukt von 35 Mol Ethylenoxid an 1 Mol Nonyl­phenol, das Anlagerungsprodukt von 36 Mol Ethylenoxid an 1 Mol Stearyl­alkohol oder das Anlagerungsprodukt von 80 Mol Ethylenoxid an 1 Mol Oleylalkhol ist.7. A surfactant mixture according to claim 6, characterized in that component 2) is the adduct of 35 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of nonylphenol, the adduct of 36 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of stearyl alcohol or the adduct of 80 moles of ethylene oxide with 1 mole of oleyl alcohol. 8. Tensidgemisch gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 dadurch gekenn­zeichnet dass Komponente 2) das Anlagerungsprodukt von 18 bis 85 Ethylen­oxid, vorzugsweise 20 Mol Ethylenoxid an Sorbitanmonolaurat ist.8. surfactant mixture according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that component 2) is the adduct of 18 to 85 ethylene oxide, preferably 20 moles of ethylene oxide with sorbitan monolaurate. 9. Verwendung des Tensidgemisches gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 zur Veredelung von Textilmaterialien, insbesondere als Netzmittel beim Entschlichten oder Färben von Cellulosematerialien.9. Use of the surfactant mixture according to one of claims 1 to 8 for the finishing of textile materials, in particular as a wetting agent in the desizing or dyeing of cellulose materials.
EP89810677A 1988-09-19 1989-09-12 Mixtures of non-ionic surfactants and their use as textile finishing agents Withdrawn EP0360743A1 (en)

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CH347988 1988-09-19

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5154850A (en) * 1989-07-18 1992-10-13 Kao Corporation Neutral liquid detergent composition
US5536438A (en) * 1992-11-26 1996-07-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Multi-purpose liquid cleaning composition comprising nonionic surfactants of different HLB values
US5559091A (en) * 1992-11-26 1996-09-24 The Procter & Gamble Company Alkaline cleaning compositions with combined highly hydrophilic and highly hydrophobic nonionic surfactants
US5977034A (en) * 1994-08-19 1999-11-02 Lifenet Research Foundation Composition for cleaning bones

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3829291A (en) * 1971-05-07 1974-08-13 Shell Oil Co Process of removing polyvinyl alcohol size from fabrics with hydrogen peroxide
FR2246689A1 (en) * 1973-10-01 1975-05-02 Basf Ag
EP0090351A2 (en) * 1982-03-30 1983-10-05 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Liquid oxidant desizing agent, and process for oxidative desizing
WO1986005510A1 (en) * 1985-03-13 1986-09-25 Gluck Bruno A Low-foaming compositions
DE3630072A1 (en) * 1986-09-04 1988-03-17 Basf Ag Surface-active auxiliary for primary treatment of textile raw materials and use thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3829291A (en) * 1971-05-07 1974-08-13 Shell Oil Co Process of removing polyvinyl alcohol size from fabrics with hydrogen peroxide
FR2246689A1 (en) * 1973-10-01 1975-05-02 Basf Ag
EP0090351A2 (en) * 1982-03-30 1983-10-05 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Liquid oxidant desizing agent, and process for oxidative desizing
WO1986005510A1 (en) * 1985-03-13 1986-09-25 Gluck Bruno A Low-foaming compositions
DE3630072A1 (en) * 1986-09-04 1988-03-17 Basf Ag Surface-active auxiliary for primary treatment of textile raw materials and use thereof

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5154850A (en) * 1989-07-18 1992-10-13 Kao Corporation Neutral liquid detergent composition
US5536438A (en) * 1992-11-26 1996-07-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Multi-purpose liquid cleaning composition comprising nonionic surfactants of different HLB values
US5559091A (en) * 1992-11-26 1996-09-24 The Procter & Gamble Company Alkaline cleaning compositions with combined highly hydrophilic and highly hydrophobic nonionic surfactants
US5977034A (en) * 1994-08-19 1999-11-02 Lifenet Research Foundation Composition for cleaning bones

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