EP0360197B1 - Brush holder - Google Patents

Brush holder Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0360197B1
EP0360197B1 EP89117238A EP89117238A EP0360197B1 EP 0360197 B1 EP0360197 B1 EP 0360197B1 EP 89117238 A EP89117238 A EP 89117238A EP 89117238 A EP89117238 A EP 89117238A EP 0360197 B1 EP0360197 B1 EP 0360197B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brush
transducer
brush holder
pressure
carbon brush
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP89117238A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0360197A2 (en
EP0360197A3 (en
Inventor
W. Stefan Rogoz
Rolf Tempel
Ulrich Schmidt
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Schunk Bahn und Industrietechnik GmbH Germany
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Schunk Bahn und Industrietechnik GmbH Germany
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Application filed by Schunk Bahn und Industrietechnik GmbH Germany filed Critical Schunk Bahn und Industrietechnik GmbH Germany
Publication of EP0360197A2 publication Critical patent/EP0360197A2/en
Publication of EP0360197A3 publication Critical patent/EP0360197A3/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/58Means structurally associated with the current collector for indicating condition thereof, e.g. for indicating brush wear

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a brush holder according to the preambles of claims 1 and 3.
  • Brush holders are intended for electrical machines, with a pressure lever, a roller belt, spiral, screw tension or helical compression spring ensures that the carbon brushes are constantly in contact with a commutator or a slip ring.
  • the wear of the carbon brushes must be monitored.
  • signal generators on the brush holders in the form of switching elements which emit a signal when there is a certain amount of wear (DE-A-30 13 758, DE-U -87 14 263). So there is a punctual monitoring of the time when the carbon brushes are so worn that a change is necessary.
  • measures cannot be ascertained whether the machine itself is working properly, since, as mentioned, only a very specific point in time of carbon brush wear is recorded.
  • the object of the present invention is to develop brush holders according to the preambles of claims 1 and 3 so that permanent monitoring of carbon brush wear can be carried out without requiring additional space.
  • the pressure element such as the pressure lever or the roller conveyor spring, acts essentially continuously on the signal transmitter, so that signals are dependent on the position of the pressure element, which is a measure of the wear of the carbon brush to obtain, which not only allow statements about the wear, but also about the function of the machine itself.
  • Remote monitoring can be carried out using the signals obtained inductively, capacitively or via a resistor, the current signals possibly being compared with stored signals in order to be able to recognize errors occurring in good time.
  • wear and therefore machine monitoring does not need to be carried out over the entire travel of the pressure element. Rather, it is possible to carry out monitoring in areas, but then continuously.
  • translation elements such as intermeshing toothed rings can be present between the shaft having the tension element or the bracket and the signal transmitter. This results in an increased signal resolution.
  • a brush holder 1 which has a brush guide 7, in which a carbon brush 13 is slidably arranged.
  • a pressure lever 2 which can be rotated or pivoted about an axis 14, acts with its front end 12 on the carbon brush 13, so that its opposite end 8 continuously abuts the collectors or slip rings of an electrical machine.
  • a tension spring 9 acts on the pressure lever 2, which is fastened on the one hand to the housing 6 of the brush holder 1 and on the other hand to the pressure lever 2, for example on pins not specified in any more detail.
  • the pressure lever 2 is preferably connected to the housing 6 of the brush holder 1 via journal 16.
  • a bracket 3 also extends from the bearing pin 16 and is subjected to a force by means of a spring element, which counteracts the rotary or pivoting movement of the pressure lever 2 in the direction of the carbon brush 13.
  • the bracket 3 preferably has a driver such as a toothed ring 4 in the region of the pin 16, which cooperates directly or indirectly with a signal transmitter 11 in the form of, for example, a rotary potentiometer, so as to deliver a signal depending on the position of the bracket 3
  • a driver such as a toothed ring 4 in the region of the pin 16
  • a signal transmitter 11 in the form of, for example, a rotary potentiometer
  • the bracket 3 is preferably U-shaped, with side legs extending from the bearing journal and the web interacting with the pressure lever 2, as is particularly illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a brush holder 20 which has a carbon brush 22 which is displaceably arranged in a brush guide 21 and on which acts a pressure lever 23 which can be rotated or pivoted about an axis 24.
  • a spring element extends from the housing 25 of the brush holder 20, which in e.g. is set in a not shown recess on the pressure lever 23. The direction of pull of the spring element is indicated by the dashed line 26.
  • the pressure lever 23 has a section 27 from which a tension element 28 extends, which is connected to a shaft 29 extending from the housing 25, via which a signal transmitter, not shown, such as e.g. Rotary potentiometer can be actuated.
  • the shaft 29 can be spring-biased.
  • the tension element 28 is designed as a roller band spring. If the pressure lever 23 is now rotated or pivoted in the direction of the brush guide, the pulling element 28 appears to be lengthened, which is noticeable by rotating the shaft 29.
  • the teaching according to the invention can also be used to monitor a plurality of brush holders arranged next to one another and to wear the carbon brushes which are displaceably arranged in them, as will be illustrated purely schematically with reference to FIG. 4.
  • four brush holders 30, 31, 32 and 33 are arranged side by side.
  • the carbon brushes shown act in each case separate pressure elements such as pressure levers, spring elements such as a roller-type spring of a known type.
  • the wear of the carbon brushes can now be monitored via tension elements 34, 35, 36 and 37 starting from these pressure elements.
  • the tension elements 34, 35, 36, 37 are connected to a shaft 38, which in the exemplary embodiment interacts with a rotary potentiometer 39 in such a way that different signals are obtained depending on the position of the shaft 38.
  • the shaft 38 can be spring-biased.
  • the tension elements 34, 35, 36, 37 can be designed as band springs.
  • FIG. 5 shows a brush holder 40 with a brush guide 42 running in a housing 41, in which a carbon brush 43 is slidably arranged.
  • the pressure element acting on the carbon brush 43 is a roller band spring 44, which starts from a U-shaped or V-shaped bracket 46 which is latched into a pocket 45 of the housing 41.
  • a traction element 47 extends from the roller band spring 44 and acts on a signal transmitter such as a rotary potentiometer 48 so as to obtain different signals from the signal transmitter 48 depending on the position of the roller belt spring, which is a measure of the wear of the carbon brush 43 which enables monitoring of the wear of the carbon brush 43.
  • a leg 49 of the holder 46 from which the roller band spring 44 extends, which acts on the carbon brush 43, not shown.
  • the traction element starting from the roll band spring 44 such as, for example, rope, cord, roll band or the like, is in the form of the signal generator 48 Rotary potentiometer connected.
  • this takes place in that a spring-biased disc-shaped element 51 is arranged on a shaft 50 of the rotary potentiometer 48 and is connected to the roller band spring 44 via the tension element 47.
  • the disc element 51 with the tension element 47 can of course also be replaced by a roller band spring that starts directly from the shaft 50 or the roller band spring 44.

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  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Bürstenhalter nach den Oberbetriffen der Ansprüche 1 und 3.The invention relates to a brush holder according to the preambles of claims 1 and 3.

Bürstenhalter sind für elektrische Maschinen bestimmt, wobei ein Druckhebel, eine Rollband-, Spiral-, Schraubenzug- oder Schraubendruckfeder sicherstellt, daß die Kohlebürsten ständig gegen einen Kommutator oder einen Schleifring anliegen. Um einen Stillstand oder eine Beschädigung des Motors zu unterbinden, muß der Verschleiß der Kohlebürsten überwacht werden. Um aufwendige Zwischenkontrollen zu vermeiden, durch die ein rechtzeitiges Wechseln der Kohlebürsten erkannt wird, ist es bekannt, an den Bürstenhaltern Signalgeber in Form von Schaltelementen vorzusehen, die bei einem bestimmten Verschleiß ein Signal abgeben (DE-A-30 13 758, DE-U-87 14 263). Es erfolgt also eine punktuelle Überwachung des Zeitpunktes, wann die Kohlenbürsten so abgenutzt sind, daß ein Wechsel erforderlich ist. Durch entsprechende Maßnahmen kann jedoch nicht festgestellt werden, ob die Maschine selbst ordnungsgemäß arbeitet, da erwähntermaßen nur ein ganz bestimmter Zeitpunkt des Kohlebürstenverschleisses erfaßt wird.Brush holders are intended for electrical machines, with a pressure lever, a roller belt, spiral, screw tension or helical compression spring ensures that the carbon brushes are constantly in contact with a commutator or a slip ring. In order to prevent the motor from coming to a standstill or being damaged, the wear of the carbon brushes must be monitored. In order to avoid complex intermediate checks, by which a timely change of the carbon brushes is recognized, it is known to provide signal generators on the brush holders in the form of switching elements which emit a signal when there is a certain amount of wear (DE-A-30 13 758, DE-U -87 14 263). So there is a punctual monitoring of the time when the carbon brushes are so worn that a change is necessary. By appropriate However, measures cannot be ascertained whether the machine itself is working properly, since, as mentioned, only a very specific point in time of carbon brush wear is recorded.

Aus der DE-C 662 780 bzw. DE-A 25 38 922 sind Elektromotoren mit einer optischen Bürstenverschleißanzeige bekannt. Allerdings kann der Veischleiß nur unmittelbar an dem Motor, also vor Ort kontrolliert werden. Dies ist jedoch nur möglich, wenn die Elektromotoren frei zugänglich sind.From DE-C 662 780 and DE-A 25 38 922 electric motors with an optical brush wear indicator are known. However, wear and tear can only be checked directly on the engine, i.e. on site. However, this is only possible if the electric motors are freely accessible.

Aus dem "Patent Abstracts of Japan", Vol 10, No. 113 (E-433) (2311) vom 2. September 1986 ist eine Verschleißanzeige zur gleichzeitigen Überwachung mehrerer Kohlebürsten gemaß den Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bzw. Anspruchs 3 bekannt. Hierzu wird ein Draht über auf die Kohlebürsten einwirkende Stäbe gespannt, der mit einem Gewicht beschwert ist, dessen Verstellung ein Maß für den Verschleiß ist.From "Patent Abstracts of Japan", Vol 10, No. 113 (E-433) (2311) from September 2, 1986, a wear indicator for the simultaneous monitoring of several carbon brushes according to the preamble of claim 1 and claim 3 is known. For this purpose, a wire is stretched over rods acting on the carbon brushes, which is weighted with a weight, the adjustment of which is a measure of the wear.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, Bürstenhalter nach den Oberbegriffen der Ansprüche 1 und 3 so weiterzubilden, daß eine permanente Überwachung des Kohlebürstenverschleißes vorgenommen werden kann ohne daß ein zusätzlicher Raumbedarf besteht.The object of the present invention is to develop brush holders according to the preambles of claims 1 and 3 so that permanent monitoring of carbon brush wear can be carried out without requiring additional space.

Die Aufgabe wird durch die den Kennzeichen der nebengeordneten Ansprüche 1 und 3 zu entnehmenden Maßnahmen gelöst. Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.The object is achieved by the measures to be taken from the characteristics of the independent claims 1 and 3. Refinements result from the subclaims.

Erfindungsgemäß wirkt das Druckelement wie Druckhebel oder Rollbandfeder im wesentlichen fortwährend auf den Signalgeber ein, um so in Abhängigkeit von der Position des Druckelements, die ein Maß des Verschleisses der Kohlebürste ist, Signale zu erhalten, die nicht nur über den Verschleiß, sondern auch über die Funktion der Maschine selbst Aussagen ermöglichen. Durch die induktiv, kapazitiv oder über einen Widerstand gewonnenen Signale kann eine Fernüberwachung erfolgen, wobei die aktuellen Signale gegebenenfalls mit gespeicherten verglichen werden, um rechtzeitig auftretende Fehler erkennen zu können. Selbstverständlich braucht die Verschleiß- und damit Maschinenüberwachung nicht über den gesamten Stellweg des Druckelementes erfolgen. Vielmehr kann eine bereichsweise, dann jedoch kontinuierliche Überwachung durchgeführt werden.According to the invention, the pressure element, such as the pressure lever or the roller conveyor spring, acts essentially continuously on the signal transmitter, so that signals are dependent on the position of the pressure element, which is a measure of the wear of the carbon brush to obtain, which not only allow statements about the wear, but also about the function of the machine itself. Remote monitoring can be carried out using the signals obtained inductively, capacitively or via a resistor, the current signals possibly being compared with stored signals in order to be able to recognize errors occurring in good time. Of course, wear and therefore machine monitoring does not need to be carried out over the entire travel of the pressure element. Rather, it is possible to carry out monitoring in areas, but then continuously.

Um auf einfache Weise genaue Aufschlüsse über den Verschleiß der Kohlebürste zu erhalten, können zwischen der das Zugelement aufweisenden Welle bzw. den, Bügel und dem Signalgeber Übersetzungselemente wie kämmende Zahnkränze vorhanden sein. Hierdurch erfolgt eine erhöhte Signalauflösung.In order to obtain precise information about the wear of the carbon brush in a simple manner, translation elements such as intermeshing toothed rings can be present between the shaft having the tension element or the bracket and the signal transmitter. This results in an increased signal resolution.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich nicht nur aus den Ansprüchen, den diesen zu entnehmenden Merkmalen -für sich und/oder in Kombination-, sondern auch aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von der Zeichnung zu entnehmenden bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen.Further details, advantages and features of the invention result not only from the claims, the features to be extracted from them - individually and / or in combination - but also from the following description of preferred embodiments to be taken from the drawing.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht eines Bürstenhalters mit unverbrauchter Kohlebürste,
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht des Bürstenhalters nach Fig. 1 mit teilweise verschlissener Kohlebürste,
Fig. 3
eine weitere Ausführungsform einer Kohlebürste mit Verschleißüberwachung,
Fig. 4
eine Rückenansicht eines Mehrfachbürstenhalters im Ausschnitt,
Fig. 5
eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Bürstenhalters mit Verschleißüberwachung,
Fig. 6
eine Detaildarstellung der Kohlebürstenverschleißüberwachung nach Fig. 5 und
Fig. 7
eine Draufsicht auf den Ausschnitt nach Fig. 6.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a side view of a brush holder with unused carbon brush,
Fig. 2
2 shows a side view of the brush holder according to FIG. 1 with a partially worn carbon brush,
Fig. 3
another embodiment of a carbon brush with wear monitoring,
Fig. 4
a rear view of a multiple brush holder in the cutout,
Fig. 5
another embodiment of a brush holder with wear monitoring,
Fig. 6
a detailed view of the carbon brush wear monitoring according to Fig. 5 and
Fig. 7
6 shows a plan view of the detail according to FIG. 6.

In den Figuren, in denen gleiche Elemente mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind, sind verschiedene Bürstenhalter in an und für sich bekannter Bauart dargestellt, die mittels erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagener konstruktiver Änderungen die Möglichkeit bieten, den Verschleiß der Kohlebürsten im gewünschten Umfang permanent zu überwachen bzw. zu verfolgen.In the figures, in which the same elements are provided with the same reference numerals, different brush holders are shown in a design which is known per se and which, by means of design changes proposed according to the invention, offer the possibility of permanently monitoring or tracking the wear of the carbon brushes to the desired extent .

In den Fig. 1 und 2 ist ein Bürstenhalter 1 dargestellt, der eine Bürstenführung 7 aufweist, in der eine Kohlebürste 13 verschiebbar angeordnet wird. Dabei wirkt ein um eine Achse 14 dreh- oder verschwenkbarer Druckhebel 2 mit seinem vorderen Ende 12 auf die Kohlebürste 13, damit diese mit ihrem abgewandten Ende 8 fortwährend an den Kollektoren bzw. Schleifringen einer elektrischen Maschine anliegen. Um den Druck auszuüben, wirkt auf den Druckhebel 2 eine Zugfeder 9 ein, die zum einen an dem Gehäuse 6 des Bürstenhalters 1 und zum anderen an dem Druckhebel 2 z.B. an nicht näher bezeichneten Zapfen befestigt ist. Der Druckhebel 2 ist vorzugsweise über Lagerzapfen 16 mit dem Gehäuse 6 des Bürstenhalters 1 verbunden. Von den Lagerzapfen 16 geht ferner ein Bügel 3 aus, der mittels eines Federelementes eine Krafteinwirkung erfährt, die der Dreh- bzw. Schwenkbewegung des Druckhebels 2 in Richtung auf die Kohlebürste 13 entgegengerichtet ist. Der Bügel 3 weist vorzugsweise im Bereich des Zapfens 16 einen Mitnehmer wie z.B. Zahnkranz 4 auf, der mittelbar oder unmittelbar mit einem Signalgeber 11 in Form von z.B. eines Drehpotentiometers zusammenwirkt, um so in Abhängigkeit von der Stellung des Bügels 3 ein Signal zu liefern, das Aufschluß über den Verschleiß der Kohlebürste 13 gibt; denn je weiter der Druckhebel 2 gedreht bzw. verschwenkt ist, also sich in Richtung der Bürstenführung 7 bewegt bzw. in diese eintaucht (Fig. 2), um so mehr wird der Bügel 3 entgegen der auf diesen eingreifenden Federkraft -im Ausführungsbeispiel im Uhrzeigersinn-verschwenkt, wodurch wiederum der Signalgeber 11 aufgrund des Zusammenwirkens mit dem Übertragungselement 4 beeinflußt wird. Durch diese Maßnahmen ist eine kontinuierliche Überprüfung der Kohlebürste 13 möglich, so daß nicht nur rechtzeitig erkannt wird, wann ein Auswechseln der Kohlebürste 13 erforderlich ist, sondern auch z.B. bei einem ungewöhnlichen hohen Verschleiß Rückschlüsse auf Fehler der elektrischen Maschine gewonnen werden können.1 and 2, a brush holder 1 is shown, which has a brush guide 7, in which a carbon brush 13 is slidably arranged. In this case, a pressure lever 2, which can be rotated or pivoted about an axis 14, acts with its front end 12 on the carbon brush 13, so that its opposite end 8 continuously abuts the collectors or slip rings of an electrical machine. In order to exert the pressure, a tension spring 9 acts on the pressure lever 2, which is fastened on the one hand to the housing 6 of the brush holder 1 and on the other hand to the pressure lever 2, for example on pins not specified in any more detail. The pressure lever 2 is preferably connected to the housing 6 of the brush holder 1 via journal 16. A bracket 3 also extends from the bearing pin 16 and is subjected to a force by means of a spring element, which counteracts the rotary or pivoting movement of the pressure lever 2 in the direction of the carbon brush 13. The bracket 3 preferably has a driver such as a toothed ring 4 in the region of the pin 16, which cooperates directly or indirectly with a signal transmitter 11 in the form of, for example, a rotary potentiometer, so as to deliver a signal depending on the position of the bracket 3 Provides information about the wear of the carbon brush 13; because the further the pressure lever 2 is rotated or swiveled, that is to say moves in the direction of the brush guide 7 or dips into it (FIG. 2), the more the bracket 3 becomes counter-clockwise in the exemplary embodiment, in the exemplary embodiment clockwise- pivoted, which in turn affects the signal generator 11 due to the interaction with the transmission element 4. These measures make it possible to continuously check the carbon brush 13 so that it is not only recognized in good time when the carbon brush is to be replaced 13 is required, but also in the case of unusually high wear, conclusions can be drawn about faults in the electrical machine.

Der Bügel 3 ist vorzugsweise U-förmig ausgebildet, wobei Seitenschenkel von den Lagerzapfen ausgehen und der Steg in Wechselwirkung mit dem Druckhebel 2 tritt, wie insbesondere die Fig. 2 verdeutlicht.The bracket 3 is preferably U-shaped, with side legs extending from the bearing journal and the web interacting with the pressure lever 2, as is particularly illustrated in FIG. 2.

In Fig. 3 ist eine weitere Ausführungsform eines Bürstenhalters 20 dargestellt, der eine in einer Bürstenführung 21 verschiebbar angeordnete Kohlebürste 22 aufweist, auf die ein Druckhebel 23 einwirkt, der um eine Achse 24 dreh- bzw. verschwenkbar ist. Um eine Kraft von dem Druckhebel 23 auf die Kohlebürste 22 hervorzurufen, um also sicherzustellen, daß diese permanent an den Kollektoren bzw. Schleifringen einer elektrischen Maschine anliegen, geht von dem Gehäuse 25 des Bürstenhalters 20 ein Federelement aus, das in z.B. in einer nicht dargestellten Aussparung an dem Druckhebel 23 festgelegt wird. Die Zugrichtung des Federelementes ist durch die gestrichelte Linie 26 angedeutet. Der Druckhebel 23 weist in dem der Kohlebürste 22 abgewandten Bereich einen Abschnitt 27 auf, von dem ein Zugelement 28 ausgeht, das mit einer von dem Gehäuse 25 ausgehenden Welle 29 verbunden ist, über die ein nicht dargestellter Signalgeber wie z.B. Drehpotentiometer betätigbar ist. Die Welle 29 kann dabei federvorgespannt sein. Alternativ besteht die Möglichkeit, daß das Zugelement 28 als Rollbandfeder ausgebildet ist. Wird nun der Druckhebel 23 in Richtung der Bürstenführung gedreht bzw. verschwenkt, so verlängert sich scheinbar das Zugelement 28, was sich durch ein Drehen der Welle 29 bemerkbar macht.FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of a brush holder 20 which has a carbon brush 22 which is displaceably arranged in a brush guide 21 and on which acts a pressure lever 23 which can be rotated or pivoted about an axis 24. In order to produce a force from the pressure lever 23 on the carbon brush 22, in order to ensure that they are permanently in contact with the collectors or slip rings of an electrical machine, a spring element extends from the housing 25 of the brush holder 20, which in e.g. is set in a not shown recess on the pressure lever 23. The direction of pull of the spring element is indicated by the dashed line 26. In the area facing away from the carbon brush 22, the pressure lever 23 has a section 27 from which a tension element 28 extends, which is connected to a shaft 29 extending from the housing 25, via which a signal transmitter, not shown, such as e.g. Rotary potentiometer can be actuated. The shaft 29 can be spring-biased. Alternatively, there is the possibility that the tension element 28 is designed as a roller band spring. If the pressure lever 23 is now rotated or pivoted in the direction of the brush guide, the pulling element 28 appears to be lengthened, which is noticeable by rotating the shaft 29.

Mittels der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre kann auch eine Überwachung mehrerer nebeneinander angeordneter Bürstenhalter und der Verschleiß der in diesen verschiebbar angeordneten Kohlebürsten erfolgen, wie anhand der Fig. 4 rein schematisch verdeutlicht werden soll. Im Ausführungsbeispiel sind vier Bürstenhalter 30, 31, 32 und 33 nebeneinander angeordnet. Auf die nicht dargestellten Kohlenbürsten wirken jeweils getrennte Druckelemente wie Druckhebel, Federelemente wie Rollbandfeder bekannter Art. Über von diesen Druckelementen ausgehende Zugelemente 34, 35, 36 und 37 kann nun der Verschleiß der Kohlebürsten überwacht werden. Hierzu sind die Zugelemente 34, 35, 36, 37 mit einer Welle 38 verbunden, die im Ausführungsbeispiel mit einem Drehpotentiometer 39 derart zusammenwirkt, daß in Abhängigkeit von der Stellung der Welle 38 unterschiedliche Signale gewonnen werden. Die Welle 38 kann dabei federvorgespannt sein. Alternativ hierzu können die Zugelemente 34, 35, 36, 37 als Bandfedern ausgebildet sein. Mittels der Ausführungsform entsprechend der Fig. 4 können folglich mehrere parallel zueinander angeordnete Bürstenhalter gemeinsam über einen einzigen Signalgeber überprüft werden, wobei das von dem Signalgeber 39 gewonnene Signal dem Stellweg des Druckelementes entspricht, das auf die Kohlebürste einwirkt, die am meisten verschlissen ist.The teaching according to the invention can also be used to monitor a plurality of brush holders arranged next to one another and to wear the carbon brushes which are displaceably arranged in them, as will be illustrated purely schematically with reference to FIG. 4. In the exemplary embodiment, four brush holders 30, 31, 32 and 33 are arranged side by side. Not to them The carbon brushes shown act in each case separate pressure elements such as pressure levers, spring elements such as a roller-type spring of a known type. The wear of the carbon brushes can now be monitored via tension elements 34, 35, 36 and 37 starting from these pressure elements. For this purpose, the tension elements 34, 35, 36, 37 are connected to a shaft 38, which in the exemplary embodiment interacts with a rotary potentiometer 39 in such a way that different signals are obtained depending on the position of the shaft 38. The shaft 38 can be spring-biased. Alternatively, the tension elements 34, 35, 36, 37 can be designed as band springs. By means of the embodiment according to FIG. 4, a plurality of brush holders arranged in parallel to one another can consequently be checked together via a single signal transmitter, the signal obtained from the signal transmitter 39 corresponding to the travel path of the pressure element which acts on the carbon brush which is the most worn out.

In Fig. 5 ist ein Bürstenhalter 40 mit einer in einem Gehäuse 41 verlaufenden Bürstenführung 42 dargestellt, in dem eine Kohlebürste 43 verschiebbar angeordnet ist. Das auf die Kohlebürste 43 einwirkende Druckelement ist im Ausführungsbeispiel eine Rollbandfeder 44, die von einer in einer Tasche 45 des Gehäuses 41 eingerasteten U- bzw. V-förmig gebogenen Halterung 46 ausgeht. Von der Rollbandfeder 44 geht ein Zugelement 47 aus, das auf einen Signalgeber wie Drehpotentiometer 48 einwirkt, um so in Abhängigkeit von der Stellung der Rollbandfeder, die ein Maß für den Verschleiß der Kohlebürste 43 darstellt, unterschiedliche Signale von dem Signalgeber 48 zu gewinnen, durch die eine Überwachung des Verschleisses der Kohlebürste 43 ermöglicht wird.5 shows a brush holder 40 with a brush guide 42 running in a housing 41, in which a carbon brush 43 is slidably arranged. In the exemplary embodiment, the pressure element acting on the carbon brush 43 is a roller band spring 44, which starts from a U-shaped or V-shaped bracket 46 which is latched into a pocket 45 of the housing 41. A traction element 47 extends from the roller band spring 44 and acts on a signal transmitter such as a rotary potentiometer 48 so as to obtain different signals from the signal transmitter 48 depending on the position of the roller belt spring, which is a measure of the wear of the carbon brush 43 which enables monitoring of the wear of the carbon brush 43.

Detaildarstellungen einer diesbezüglichen Konstruktion sind den Fig. 6 und 7 zu entnehmen. Man sieht einen Schenkel 49 der Halterung 46, von denen die Rollbandfeder 44 ausgeht, die auf die nicht dargestellte Kohlebürste 43 einwirkt. Das von der Rollbandfeder 44 ausgehende Zugelement wie z.B. Seil, Schnur, Rollband oder ähnliches ist mit dem Signalgeber 48 in Form des Drehpotentiometers verbunden. Dies erfolgt im Ausführungsbeispiel dadurch, daß auf einer Welle 50 des Drehpotentiometers 48 ein federvorgespanntes scheibenförmiges Element 51 angeordnet ist, das über das Zugelement 47 mit der Rollbandfeder 44 verbunden ist. Das Scheibenelement 51 mit dem Zugelement 47 kann selbstverständlich auch durch eine Rollbandfeder ersetzt werden, die unmittelbar von der Welle 50 bzw. der Rollbandfeder 44 ausgeht.Detailed representations of a related construction can be seen in FIGS. 6 and 7. One can see a leg 49 of the holder 46, from which the roller band spring 44 extends, which acts on the carbon brush 43, not shown. The traction element starting from the roll band spring 44, such as, for example, rope, cord, roll band or the like, is in the form of the signal generator 48 Rotary potentiometer connected. In the exemplary embodiment, this takes place in that a spring-biased disc-shaped element 51 is arranged on a shaft 50 of the rotary potentiometer 48 and is connected to the roller band spring 44 via the tension element 47. The disc element 51 with the tension element 47 can of course also be replaced by a roller band spring that starts directly from the shaft 50 or the roller band spring 44.

Claims (7)

  1. Brush holder (1, 20), having at least one brush guide (7, 21) accommodating a carbon brush (13, 22), a pressure element (2, 23) pressurizing the carbon brush (13, 22), and a transducer (11, 39) which substantially continuously detects wear of the carbon brush (13, 22), is operable by the movement of the pressure element (2, 23) and generates electrical signals,
    characterized in that
    the pressure element takes the form of a pressure finger (2, 23), which acts upon a clip (3) or tension element (28), which is prestressed counter to the swivelling movement of the pressure finger and in turn cooperates with the transducer (11) operating in an inductive, capacitive or resistance-dependent manner or taking the form of a sequential switch, rotary transducer, potentiometer or position pickup.
  2. Brush holder according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the brush holder (1, 20) has a plurality of brush guides (7, 21) disposed adjacent to one another, with which pressure fingers (2, 23) are associated, and that associated with all of the pressure fingers (2, 23) is a clip, which extends into the rotation or turning angle of the pressure fingers (2, 23) and acts upon the transducer (11).
  3. Brush holder (40), having at least one brush guide (42) accommodating a carbon brush (43), a pressure element (44) pressurizing the carbon brush (43), and a transducer (48) which substantially continuously detects wear of the carbon brush (43) and generates electrical signals,
    characterized in that
    the pressure element is a coiled-strip spring (44), from which a tension element (47) emanates, and that the tension element (47) is connected to a rotatably supported shaft (50), by means of which the transducer (39, 48), which operates in an inductive, capacitive or resistance-dependent manner or takes the form of a sequential switch, rotary transducer, potentiometer or position pickup, is operable.
  4. Brush holder according to claim 3,
    characterized in that
    the shaft (50) is spring-biased.
  5. Brush holder according to at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the travel of the pressure element (2, 23) is transmissible via transmission elements (4, 11) such as meshing ring gears or toothed discs to the transducer.
  6. Brush holder according to at least one of claims 3 to 5,
    characterized in that
    the brush holder (40) has a plurality of brush guides (42) disposed adjacent to one another, with which coiled-strip springs (44) are associated, and that extending at right angles to the shifting travel of the carbon brush is a shaft (38), from which emanate tension elements (34, 35, 36, 37), which are connected to the coiled-strip springs (44) and by means of which the shaft (38) cooperating with a transducer (39) is rotatable in dependence upon the shifting travel of the coiled-strip springs (44).
  7. Brush holder according to at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    a telemonitoring system is provided for the signals generated by the transducer (11, 39, 48).
EP89117238A 1988-09-21 1989-09-18 Brush holder Expired - Lifetime EP0360197B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3832079 1988-09-21
DE3832079A DE3832079A1 (en) 1988-09-21 1988-09-21 BRUSHES

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0360197A2 EP0360197A2 (en) 1990-03-28
EP0360197A3 EP0360197A3 (en) 1990-10-03
EP0360197B1 true EP0360197B1 (en) 1994-08-17

Family

ID=6363422

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89117238A Expired - Lifetime EP0360197B1 (en) 1988-09-21 1989-09-18 Brush holder

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EP (1) EP0360197B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3832079A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2057040T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4003669A1 (en) * 1989-02-20 1990-08-23 Siemens Ag Determination of length of electrical motor brushes - using potentiometer sensor provides signal proportional to wear of brushes
US5870026A (en) * 1997-07-15 1999-02-09 The Morgan Crucible Company Plc Brush wear indicator
DE19832617B4 (en) * 1998-07-21 2004-05-06 Schunk Metall Und Kunststoff Gmbh Arrangement for monitoring the wear of at least one carbon brush and retrofitting device for monitoring
EP2112518A1 (en) 2008-04-25 2009-10-28 ALSTOM Technology Ltd Brush wear monitor
DE102018110098A1 (en) 2018-04-26 2019-10-31 Schunk Bahn- Und Industrietechnik Gmbh Wear measuring system and method

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE662780C (en) * 1935-07-19 1938-07-21 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Device for displaying the wear and tear of carbon brushes for electric motors
DE1903582U (en) * 1962-06-14 1964-11-05 Kaltenbach & Voigt BRUSH HOLDERS FOR TECHNICAL MOTORS, IN PARTICULAR FOR DENTAL PURPOSES.
DE2538922A1 (en) * 1975-09-02 1977-03-03 Metabowerke Kg Electric motor brush wear visual indicator - is flexible ribbon with indicator surface drawn past sight glass as brush wears
DE3013758A1 (en) * 1980-04-10 1981-10-15 Kollektra Metall- und Kunststoff-Werk GmbH, 6301 Wettenberg Brush-type current supply for electric machines - uses one or several insulated detector contacts, opened or short-circuited according to brush wear
US4329683A (en) * 1980-09-04 1982-05-11 General Electric Co. Brush wear indicator for a dynamoelectric machine
JPS60249848A (en) * 1984-05-24 1985-12-10 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Wear limit detector of brush of induction machine
JPS6181153A (en) * 1984-09-28 1986-04-24 Toshiba Corp Brush wear monitoring device of rotary electric machine
DE3701643A1 (en) * 1987-01-21 1988-08-04 Still Gmbh SIGNALING DEVICE FOR SIGNALING THE WEAR CONDITION OF BRUSHES OF AN ELECTRICAL MACHINE
FR2613546B1 (en) * 1987-04-03 1992-12-04 Ferraz BRUSH HOLDER FOR ELECTRIC MACHINES
DE8811808U1 (de) * 1988-09-17 1988-12-08 G. Dietrich GmbH Spezialfabrik für Bürstenhalter und Kunststoffteile, 7893 Jestetten Bürstenhalter mit Bürstenmeldevorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2057040T3 (en) 1994-10-16
DE58908209D1 (en) 1994-09-22
EP0360197A2 (en) 1990-03-28
DE3832079A1 (en) 1990-03-22
EP0360197A3 (en) 1990-10-03

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