EP0355222B1 - Verfahren zur Behandlung von schrumpffähigen Fasern - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Behandlung von schrumpffähigen Fasern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0355222B1
EP0355222B1 EP88307697A EP88307697A EP0355222B1 EP 0355222 B1 EP0355222 B1 EP 0355222B1 EP 88307697 A EP88307697 A EP 88307697A EP 88307697 A EP88307697 A EP 88307697A EP 0355222 B1 EP0355222 B1 EP 0355222B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
section
tow
steam
chamber
entrance opening
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP88307697A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0355222A1 (de
Inventor
Tony Dominic Zatkulak
David Joseph Rodini
James Dwight Hodge
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EIDP Inc
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EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
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Priority to CA000575127A priority Critical patent/CA1340008C/en
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority to DE88307697T priority patent/DE3885277T2/de
Priority to EP88307697A priority patent/EP0355222B1/de
Priority to ES88307697T priority patent/ES2045133T3/es
Priority to JP63212632A priority patent/JP2645485B2/ja
Publication of EP0355222A1 publication Critical patent/EP0355222A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0355222B1 publication Critical patent/EP0355222B1/de
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02J—FINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J13/00—Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
    • D06B3/04—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of yarns, threads or filaments
    • D06B3/045—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of yarns, threads or filaments in a tube or a groove

Definitions

  • the field of art to which this invention pertains is shrinkable materials and, more particularly, it is directed to processes for treating a tow of shrinkable fibers.
  • Specifically such invention is a process of treating a tow of aromatic polyamide fibers by moving the tow in folds through a chamber having a plug section which is operatively connected by a restricted opening to a treatment section and by heating the tow with steam in the treatment section.
  • the cross-sectional area of the tow is substantially the same as the cross-sectional area of the entrance opening of the plug section as it enters such opening but it has a smaller cross-sectional area, due to shrinkage, as it leaves this section and moves through the restricted entrance opening of the treatment section.
  • this invention is a process for dyeing a fiber structure of poly(meta-phenylene isophthalamide) fibers with a water-soluble dye by heating the amorphous, shrinkable fibers, as spun and prior to drying, with steam, in a specifically designed chamber, at a temperature from about 110°C. to about 140°C., and preferably at about 120°C., for a time sufficient to diffuse substantially all of the dye into the minute pores in the fibers, throughout the fiber structure.
  • An organic water-insoluble material such as an ultraviolet light screener, may also be mixed with the water-soluble dye and padded onto the water-swollen fibers prior to heating.
  • the fibers are then, preferably, further heated with steam at about 165°C. for a time sufficient to collapse the pores in the fibers and lock the dye therein. At this temperature the fibers also will crystallize and the fiber structure is thereby stabilized against progressive laundry shrinkage.
  • Aromatic polyamide fibers are well known to the art. They have high tensile strength, are flame and heat resistant, possess good flex life, and have high melting points which make them particularly suited to be formed into fabrics usable as protective clothing, and for many other uses.
  • aromatic polyamide fibers possess many desired properties as manufactured they also require, for given uses, that various steps be taken to improve a property or properties of the fibers to meet a specific end use.
  • various additives such as dyes, ultraviolet light screeners, flame retardants, antistatic agents or water repellents, may be incorporated into the fibers during basic manufacture or in subsequent processing steps to improve their performance levels.
  • GB-A-1 193 725 concerns continuous steaming of textile fibre material impregnated with dye liquor by feeding the material as partially superimposed folds into a convergent entry zone of an externally heated steaming passage to gradually compress the fibre mass, then through a restricted cross-sectional area in the presence of steam under pressure and then decompressing the steamed material in a divergent exit zone.
  • This invention is specifically directed to aromatic polyamide fibers of a poly(meta-phenylene isophthalamide) polymer, hereinafter referred to as "MPD-I fibers".
  • MPD-I fibers aromatic polyamide fibers of a poly(meta-phenylene isophthalamide) polymer, hereinafter referred to as "MPD-I fibers".
  • Such fibers which are described in greater detail in U. S. patent 3,287,324 to Sweeny, for example, possess many useful properties. It is well known to the art, however, that these fibers are difficult to dye.
  • the invention of this copending application solves various problems found in the prior art by surprisingly finding that by heating as-spun, never-dried, water-swollen, or still moist to the touch, MPD-I fibers with steam, heated within certain temperature ranges, it is possible effectively to dye the fibers. Specifically, it has been found that such fibers may be dyed, using a water-soluble dye, by heating the fibers with steam heated at a temperature from about 110°C. to 140°C. for a time sufficient to diffuse the dye into the pores of the fibers.
  • the treatment or dyeing of the fibers is accomplished by moving such fibers, in tow form, through a treatment chamber having one or more treatment sections. It has been found difficult to maintain the steam temperatures at the critical limits required, within these sections, since the steam tends to migrate toward the chamber openings.
  • This problem is partially solved, as described in the above-mentioned copending EP-A-0 228 224, by supplying the tow to the chamber in folds. While this is an effective means of controlling the loss of steam, the problem still remains troublesome, particularly in the case of shrinkable tows because their cross-sections vary due to shrinkage as they move through the chamber.
  • the instant invention not only solves this shrinkage problem but also provides an improved process for practicing the invention of copending EP-A-0 228 224.
  • this invention provides improved processes for treating aromatic polyamide fibers, using steam to dye a water-swollen fiber structure of poly(meta-phenylene isophthalamide) fibers with a water-soluble dye, before they are dried, or to add an organic water-insoluble material to the fibers, either mixed with the dye or alone, and to lock the dye and/or other impregnant into the pores of the fibers.
  • This is accomplished by maintaining the steam within certain critical temperature ranges (e.g., 110°C. to 140°C.) in a specially designed chamber to diffuse the dye into the fiber pores and up to 165°C. to sublime the water-insoluble material into such pores. At this latter temperature the dye is also locked into the fibers, while stabilizing such fibers against progressive laundry shrinkage.
  • this invention is a process for treating synthetic fibers including the steps of: moving a tow of shrinkable fibers in folds through a treatment section having an entrance opening and an exit opening smaller than the entrance opening and heating the tow with steam in the treatment section.
  • the tow has a cross-sectional area substantially the same as the cross-sectional area of the entrance opening as it enters that opening whereby loss of steam through such opening is minimized and a smaller cross-sectional area as it leaves the section, due to shrinkage.
  • This latter area is only slightly smaller, or substantially the same size as, the exit opening whereby loss of steam is minimized through this opening as well.
  • this invention is a process of treating a tow of shrinkable fibers which includes the steps of: moving the tow in folds through a plug section operatively connected by a restricted opening to a treatment section, with the plug section having an entrance opening larger than the restricted opening of the treatment section, and heating the tow with steam in the treatment section.
  • the tow has a cross-sectional area substantially the same as the cross-sectional area of the entrance opening of the plug section as it moves through this opening and has a smaller cross-sectional area as it leaves the plug section and moves through the entrance opening of the treatment section, due to shrinkage.
  • the cross-sectional area of the shrunken tow as it enters the smaller entrance opening of the treatment section is substantially the same as the cross-sectional area of this opening and, along with the tow moving in folds in the plug section, this substanially prevents loss of steam through the entrance opening of the plug section.
  • the tow is an amorphous aromatic polyamide and, more specifically the aromatic polyamide is poly meta-phenylene isophthalamide).
  • Such tow has a second order glass transition temperature in steam of above about 150°C.
  • the processes just described further may include the steps of padding a water-soluble dye onto the tow prior to the treatment section and heating the tow with steam in the treatment section at a temperature of from about 110°C. to 140°C. for a time sufficient to diffuse the dye into pores in the fibers of the tow. Still further steps may include moving the tow into a second treatment section and heating the tow with steam in this section at a temperature above its glass temperature from about 150°C. to 165°C. for a time sufficient to collapse the pores and lock the dye within the fibers and to crystallize such fibers and thereby stabilize the tow against progressive laundry shrinkage.
  • the process of this invention includes the steps of: moving the tow through first and second treatment sections, contacting the fibers of the tow prior to the first treatment section with an aqueous mixture containing a water-soluble dye and an organic water-insoluble material which sublimes in steam at a temperature below the glass transition temperature of the fibers, heating the water-swollen fibers with steam in the first treatment section at a temperature from about 110°C. to 140°C.
  • the fibers preferably are heated with steam at a sublimation temperature from about 110°C. to 150°C.
  • the water-insoluble material may be an ultraviolet light screener and the water-insoluble material may be a disperse dye.
  • the fibers may be heated with steam in the second treatment section at a temperature of about 165°C. to stabilize the fibers.
  • this invention is a process of treating a tow of shrinkable material including the steps of: moving the tow at a first speed through an entrance opening at one end of a funnel-shaped, fold-forming section having converging walls which define a discharge opening at the other end of the section, with the entrance opening being larger than the discharge opening; moving the folded tow through a restricted entrance opening of a chamber defined by walls and having a plurality of sections including a plug section and first and second steam treatment sections, with the chamber being connected to the discharge opening of the fold-forming section and the chamber entrance opening being smaller than the entrance opening of fold-forming section, and the chamber further having a tow exit opening wherein the dual action of the converging walls of the fold-forming section and the tow pushing through the restricted entrance opening of the chamber forms a plurality of folds in the tow, wherein steam is introduced into the second steam treatment section, which is positioned between the entrance and exit openings of the chamber, whereby such steam flows, in one direction into and through the second steam treatment section and into the
  • the chain engages two tows, one on each side, and moves them at the second speed through the chamber and the entrance opening of the chamber is connected to discharge opening of the fold-forming section by a tapered surface.
  • a tapered surface also preferably connects the plug section to the entrance opening of the treatment section.
  • this invention matches the shrinking profile of the tow with the profile of the chamber walls, during treatment of such tow in the chamber.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus, including a treatment chamber suitable for practicing the process of this invention.
  • Figs. 2 and 2A are schematic views showing the chamber in greater detail.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines A-A of Fig. 1, which highlights a significant feature of this invention, in showing the substantial contact of the tow with the walls defining the restricted opening of the treatment section of the chamber as it is moved through that opening.
  • This invention is an improved process for treating shrinkable materials, such as aromatic polyamide fibers.
  • a water-soluble material and, if desired, a water-insoluble material are diffused or sublimed into a fiber structure of MPD-I amorphous synthetic fibers to improve their properties.
  • the fibers are water-swollen or damp to the touch, with open pores. Steam controlled at critical temperatures in a chamber, is used to perfect the process.
  • the fibers of this invention are prepared from aromatic polyamide polymers such as are disclosed in U. S. patent 3,063,966 to Kwolek, Morgan and Sorenson; 3,094,511 to Hill, Kwolek and Sweeny; and 3,287,324 to Sweeny, for example. These patents, and their teachings, are incorporated by reference into this application.
  • aromatic polyamides which have been prepared by procedures shown in the above-mentioned patents are combined with various solvents to form a spinning solution as shown, for example, in U. S. patent 3,063,966 and the fibers or filaments are formed by extruding the spinning solution through orifices in a spinneret.
  • Such fibers may be dry-spun or wet-spun to form a water-swollen fiber structure. In either case, the fibers as spun are substantially amorphous.
  • the fibers whether dry-spun or wet-spun contain a substantial amount of solvent after having been solidified in a dry-spinning evaporation cell or coagulated in a wet-spinning precipitation bath.
  • solvent such fibers are brought into contact with an aqueous extraction bath, as is known in the art.
  • the fibers become "water-swollen" with a water content of around 35% or more.
  • these water-swollen fibers which have not been dried, are contacted with an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble material and heated with steam at a temperature from about 110°C. to 140°C. for a time sufficient to diffuse substantially all of the water-soluble material into the pores of the fibers throughout such fiber structure.
  • the material diffused into the fibers preferably is a dye. It may also be a surfactant.
  • the water-swollen, dye-containing fibers are then further heated with steam at a temperature above the glass transition temperature of the fibers for a time sufficient to collapse the pores and irreversibly lock the dye within the fibers and to crystallize such fibers and stabilize them against progressive laundry shrinkage.
  • Temperatures in the range from 150°C. to 165°C. will accomplish these objectives.
  • amorphous MPD-I fibers of the type described are contacted with an aqueous mixture containing both a water-soluble material, such as a dye, and an organic water-insoluble material which sublimes in steam at a temperature below the glass transition temperature of the fibers.
  • the water-swollen fibers are then heated with steam at a temperature from about 110°C. to 140°C. for a time sufficient to diffuse substantially all of the water-soluble dye into the pores of such fibers and at a sublimation temperature below the glass transition temperature of the fibers to sublime the water-insoluble material into the open pores of such fibers.
  • the fibers may be further heated with steam at a temperature above the glass transition temperature of the fibers for a time sufficient to collapse the pores and irreversibly lock the material within the fibers and to stabilize the fibers against progressive laundry shrinkage.
  • fiber includes both staple fibers and continuous filaments.
  • the continuous filaments may be in the form of a tow containing a large number of filaments or in the form of a yarn.
  • a fiber structure of never-dried, shrinkable fibers, as spun, in large bundles called tow, as indicated by the reference numeral 1 is supplied from a supply source 2 and passed over guide rolls 3 to nip rolls 4 and 4′.
  • An aqueous bath 5 of constant level is maintained at the entrance to the nip rolls.
  • the tow 1 of moist to the touch fibers is brought into contact with the bath 5 which contains the material (e.g., a water-soluble dye, or surfactant, or ultraviolet light screener, for example) to be diffused or sublimed into the fibrous tow.
  • the pick-up of material on the never-dried tow may be adjusted by suitably controlling the speed of the tow and the pressure applied between the nip rolls.
  • the tow 1 coated with the desired amount of material is then moved by feed rolls 6 into a treatment chamber 7, which is suitably an elongated tube having two or more treatment sections to which steam under appropriate pressure can be supplied, as will be explained in greater detail.
  • the tow is heated in these treatment sections at the required critical temperatures to diffuse the water-soluble material and to sublime the insoluble material into the fibers, after which such fibers may be further heated to stabilize the fiber structure against progressive laundry shrinkage.
  • the processed tow is then moved out of the chamber 7 and onto a conveyor 8, and then through squeeze rolls 9 to help remove water from the treated tow.
  • the tow is then fed by feed rolls 10 into a dryer 11, which includes upper and lower conveyors 12 and 13 which move the tow at a speed which is adapted to form folds in the tow in the dryer.
  • Such conveyors move the tow through the dryer 11 for a time sufficient to remove substantially all of the water from the tow.
  • the dried and processed tow is then moved over transfer rolls 14 and into a storage container 15.
  • the tow 1 carrying the dye or other treatment material from the bath 5 is fed by feed rolls 6 at a first speed through an entrance opening 17 at one end of a funnel-shaped, fold-forming section 18 having converging walls 19 which define a discharge opening 20 at the other end of the section.
  • the tow is then moved through a restricted entrance opening 21 of the treatment chamber 7 defined by walls 22 and having a plurality of sections including a plug section 23 and first and second steam treatment sections 24 and 25.
  • the chamber 7 is connected, preferably by a sharply tapered surface 22′ to the discharge opening 20 of the fold-forming section 18 and the chamber entrance opening 21 is smaller than the entrance opening 17 of the fold-forming section 18.
  • the dual action of the converging walls of the fold-forming section 18 and the tow 1 pushing through the restricted entrance opening 21 of the chamber 7 forms a plurality of folds in the tow.
  • the chamber 7 further has a tow exit opening 26.
  • the folds of the tow 1 are engaged by pins 27 on an endless chain 28 as the tow is moving in fold-forming section 18 and through the entrance opening 21 of the chamber 7.
  • the chain 28 moves at a second speed slower than the first speed at which the tow is fed into the fold-forming section 18, by feed rolls 6.
  • the tow is moved in folds through the plug section 23 at this second speed.
  • this section 23 the plurality of folds of the tow are in substantial contact with the walls of chamber 7 during a substantial portion of their movement through such section whereby to help substantially eliminate loss of steam through the entrance opening 17 of the fold-forming section 18.
  • the steam flowing into this plug section 18 shrinks the tow so that it has a cross-sectional area smaller than that at which it entered the section.
  • the tow is then moved from the plug section 23 and a restricted entrance opening 29 of the first treatment section 24.
  • the restricted entrance opening 29 is smaller than the restricted entrance opening 21 of the chamber 7.
  • the tow is moved through the first treatment section 24 at the second speed and the plurality of folds of the tow, as shrunken in the plug section 23, are substantially in contact with the walls defining the first treatment section 24 through much of their movement through such section whereby to further help prevent any loss of steam flowing through this section 24 and through the plug section 23 from escaping through the entrance opening 17 of the fold-forming section 18.
  • This invention provides better control of steam temperatures in the critical treatment sections of the chamber.
  • the treatment of the tow in the manner just described provides MPD-I fibers having the improved properties sought in the treatment.
  • the wet filaments were gathered together to form a tow, a conventional antistatic finish was applied to the tow, and the tow was crimped in a stuffer box crimper at a temperature of about 80°C. in the presence of steam. The tow was then collected, still moist to the touch, in a plastic-lined cardboard box.
  • the individual filaments had a linear density of about 1.55 decitex (dtex) (1.7 dpf).
  • the linear density of the never-dried filaments here and elsewhere herein is based on the weight of dry filaments.
  • Basic Red 15 (a water-soluble dye), and 6 g/l cellulosic thickner, and 58 g/l of anionic surfactant, adjusted to a pH of 7 (adding acetic acid or caustic soda as needed until the desired pH was obtained).
  • the pick-up of the dye solution on the tow as 30 weight %.
  • the tows were padded with the dye solution, they were then passed through the entrance funnel of a chamber, such as that shown in Figure 2, the rectangular discharge end of the funnel having a width of 95 mm and a depth of 115 mm. Within the funnel the tows were turned and then gathered into folds as they were picked up by a chain moving at 1 m/min., one tow on each side of the chain. The tows, carried by the chain, were then passed into the entrance opening of a plug section of the chamber, which had a rectangular cross section 90 mm in width and 110 mm in depth, the discharge opening of the funnel and the entrance opening of the plug section being gently tapered into one another to avoid a stair step transition.
  • the plug section was 3 m in length, and from it the tows were carried by the chain into a first treatment section, also 3 m in length, which had a rectangular cross section 88 mm in width and 107 mm in depth, the transition from the plug section to the first treatment section being gently tapered to avoid a stair-step transition. From the first treatment section the tows were then carried by the chain into a second treatment section 6 m in length wherein the tows of filaments coated with the solution were exposed to steam at a pressure of 609 kPa (six bars) and a temperature of 165°C. the steam being introduced into the chamber through holes in the walls of the chamber.
  • the tows Upon leaving the treatment sections the tows were passed into a final wash section, wherein they were washed with water. The water and the wet tows acted together to condense the steam flowing from the second treatment section and formed an effective seal to prevent any steam from flowing from the exit end of the chamber.
  • the tows were washed, they were fed into a forced air dryer, wherein their moisture level was reduced to 7% moisture. Finish was not added to the tow. The tows were dyed to a bright shade of orange. The shrinkage of the tows was measured and determined to be 0.9%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Verfahren zum Behandeln eines Kabels (1) aus schrumpffähiger (Meta-phenylenisophthalamid)-Faser mit Dampf, bei dem das Kabel in Falten durch eine Eintrittsöffnung (17) und durch eine längliche Behandlungskammer (7) geführt wird, welcher Dampf unter einem geeigneten Druck zugeführt wird, und das aus einer Austrittsöffnung (20) der Kammer (7) austritt, wobei während des Durchgangs das Kabel schrumpft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Minimierung des Dampfverlustes durch die Eintritts- und Austrittsöffnung die Eintrittsöffnung auf eine Querschnittsfläche begrenzt ist, welche im wesentlichen gleichgroß wie jene des in Falten gelegten Kabels ist, welches in die Kammer (7) eintritt und die Austrittsöffnung auf eine Querschnittsfläche begrenzt wird, welche kleiner als jene der Eintrittsöffnung ist und die im wesentlichen gleich wie jene des in Falten gelegten Kabels ist, welches die Kammer (7) verläßt.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem das in Falten gelegte Kabel durch die Kammer in Zusammenarbeiten mit einer endlosen Kette (28) bewegt wird.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem ein wasserlöslicher Farbstoff mittels eines Kissens auf das Kabel vor dem Durchgang durch die Behandlungskammer (7) aufgetragen wird und das Kabel in dieser Kammer mit Dampf, ausgehend von etwa 110°C, eine derart ausreichende Zeit behandelt wird, daß der Farbstoff in die Poren der Fasern des Kabels diffundiert.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, bei dem das die Behandlungskammer (7) verlassende Kabel im Dampf auf eine Temperatur oberhalb der Glasübergangstemperatur, auf etwa 150°C bis 165°C eine derart ausreichende Zeit erwärmt wird, daß die Poren zusammensinken, um den Farbstoff in den Fasern festzulegen und das Kabel gegenüber einem Schrumpfen zu stabilisieren.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, welches ferner die folgenden Schritte umfaßt:
       Bewegen des Kabels durch einen ersten (24) und einen zweiten (25) Behandlungsteil,
       Kontaktieren der Fasern des Kabels vor dem ersten Behandlungsteil mit einem wäßrigen Gemisch, welches einen wasserlöslichen Farbstoff und ein organisches, wasserunlösliches Material enthält, welches im Dampf bei einer Temperatur unterhalb der Glasübergangstemperatur der Fasern sublimiert,
       Erwärmen der Fasern mit Dampf in dem ersten Behandlungsteil (24) bei einer Temperatur von etwa 110°C bis etwa 140°C eine so ausreichend lange Zeit, daß im wesentlichen der gesamte wasserlösliche Farbstoff in die Poren dieser Fasern durch die gesamte Faserstruktur hindurch diffundiert,
       Erwärmen der mittels Wasser geschwollenen Fasern mit Dampf bei einer Sublimationstemperatur unterhalb der Glasübergangstemperatur der Fasern eine derart ausreichend lange Zeit, daß das wasserunlösliche Material in den Poren dieser Fasern durch die Faserstruktur hindurch sublimieren kann, und
       anschließendes Erwärmen der mittels Wasser geschwollenen Fasern mit Dampf in einem zweiten Behandlungsteil (25) bei einer Temperatur oberhalb der Glasübergangstemperatur der Fasern eine so ausreichend lange Zeit, daß die Poren einfallen und der Farbstoff in den Fasern irreversibel festgehalten ist und daß die Fasern gegenüber einem progressiven Schrumpfen beim Waschen stabilisiert werden.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, bei dem die Fasern mit Dampf im ersten Behandlungsteil (24) bei einer Sublimationstemperatur von etwa 110°C bis 150°C erwärmt werden.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5 oder Anspruch 6, bei dem das wasserunlösliche Material eine Ultraviolettlicht-Siebdruckeinrichtung oder ein dispergierter Farbstoff ist.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, bei dem die Fasern mit Dampf im zweiten Behandlungsteil (25) bei einer Temperatur von etwa 165°C erwärmt werden.
  9. Verfahren zum Behandeln eines Kabels aus schrumpffähigem Material, welches die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
       Bewegen des Kabels (1) mit einer ersten Geschwindigkeit durch eine Eintrittsöffnung (17) an einem Ende eines trichterförmigen, faltenbildenden Teils (18), welches konvergierende Wände (19) hat, welche eine Ausgabeöffnung am anderen Ende des Teils bilden, wobei die Eintrittsöffnung (17) größer als die Ausgabeöffnung (20) ist;
       Bewegen des in Falten gelegten Kabels durch eine begrenzte Eintrittsöffnung einer Kammer, welche von Wänden gebildet wird und eine Mehrzahl von Teilen hat, welche ein Stopfenteil (23) und ein erstes (24) und ein zweites (25) Dampfbehandlungsteil umfassen, wobei die Kammer mit der Ausgabeöffnung des faltenbildenden Teils (18) verbunden ist und die Kammereintrittsöffnung kleiner als die Eintrittsöffnung (19) des faltenbildenden Teils (18) ist und die Kammer ferner eine Kabelaustrittsöffnung hat,
       wobei die Doppelwirkung der konvergierenden Wände des faltenbildenden Teils und des Durchdrückens des Kabels durch die begrenzte Eintrittsöffnung der Kammer zu der Bildung einer Mehrzahl von Falten im Kabel führt,
       wobei Dampf in das zweite Dampfbehandlungsteil (25) eingeleitet wird, welches zwischen der Eintritts- und der Austrittsöffnung der Kammer angeordnet ist, durch welche dieser Dampf strömt,
       in einer Richtung in das zweite Dampfbehandlungsteil (25) dann durch dieses Teil und in das erste Dampfbehandlungsteil (24) und von dort in das Stopfenteil (23) und zu der Eintrittsöffnung (17) des faltenbildenden Teils, und
       in der anderen Richtung in und durch das zweite Dampfbehandlungsteil (25) und zu der Austrittsöffnung (26) der Kammer,
       Zusammenwirken der Falten des Kabels bei der Bewegung in dem faltenbildenden Teil und durch die Eintrittsöffnung (17) der Kammer mit Stiften (27) auf einer endlosen Kette (28), welche sich mit einer zweiten, langsameren Geschwindigkeit als die erste Geschwindigkeit bewegt,
       Bewegen des Kabels in Falten gelegt durch das Stopfenteil (23) mit der zweiten Geschwindigkeit, und
       wobei die Mehrzahl von Falten des Kabels im wesentlichen in Kontakt mit den Wänden der Kammer ist, welche das Stopfenteil (23) bilden, und zwar während einem beträchtlichen Teil der Bewegung durch dieses Teil, wodurch in unterstützender Weise ein Dampfverlust durch die Eintrittsöffnung des faltenbildenden Teils (18) verhindert wird, und
       wobei der Dampf, welcher in das Stopfenteil strömt, das Kabel derart schrumpft, daß es eine Querschnittsfläche hat, welche kleiner als jene ist, an der es in dieses Teil eintritt,
       Bewegen des in Falten gelegten Kabels durch eine begrenzte Eintrittsöffnung des ersten Behandlungsteils, wobei die Eintrittsöffnung kleiner als die begrenzte Eintrittsöffnung der Kammer ist,
       Bewegen des Kabels durch das erste Behandlungsteil (24) mit der zweiten Geschwindigkeit, wobei die Mehrzahl von Falten des Kabels geschrumpft in dem Stopfenteil (23) im wesentlichen in Kontakt mit den Wänden ist, welche das erste Behandlungsteil (24) bilden, und zwar über den Großteil der Bewegung durch dieses Teil hinweg, wobei in unterstützender Weise ferner ein Dampfverlust über dieses Teil und über das Stopfenteil (23) verhindert wird und ein Entweichen durch die Eintrittsöffnung des faltenbildenden Teils verhindert wird.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, bei dem die Kette mit zwei Kabeln auf jeder Seite zusammenarbeitet und diese mit der zweiten Geschwindigkeit durch die Kammer bewegt.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9 oder Anspruch 10, bei dem die begrenzte Eintrittsöffnung der Kammer mit einer Ausgabeöffnung des faltenbildenden Teils (18) über eine konisch ausgebildete Fläche (19) verbunden ist.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, 10 oder 11, bei dem die begrenzte Eintrittsöffnung des ersten Behandlungsteils (24) mit dem Stopfenteil (23) über eine konische Fläche verbunden ist.
  13. Vorrichtung zum Behandeln eines Kabels aus schrumpffähigem Material, welche folgendes aufweist:
       eine Einrichtung zum Bewegen des Kabels (1) mit einer ersten Geschwindigkeit durch eine Eintrittsöffnung (17) an einem Ende eines trichterförmigen, faltenbildenden Teils (18), wobei dieses Teil konvergierende Wände (19) hat, welche eine Ausgabeöffnung am anderen Ende des Teils bilden, und wobei die Eintrittsöffnung (17) größer als die Ausgabeöffnung (20) ist;
       eine Einrichtung zum Bewegen des in Falten gelegten Kabels durch eine begrenzte Eintrittsöffnung einer Kammer, welche von Wänden begrenzt wird, und die eine Mehrzahl von Teilen hat, welche ein Stopfenteil (23) und ein erstes (24) und ein zweites (25) Dampfbehandlungsteil umfassen, wobei die Kammer mit der Ausgabeöffnung des faltenbildenden Teils (18) verbunden ist und die Kammereintrittsöffnung kleiner als die Eintrittsöffnung (17) des faltenbildenden Teils (18) ist, und wobei die Kammer ferner eine Kabelaustrittsöffnung hat;
       eine Einrichtung zum Einleiten von Dampf in das zweite Dampfbehandlungsteil (25), welches zwischen der Eintritts- und und der Austrittsöffnung der Kammer angeordnet ist, so daß der Dampf in eine Richtung in das zweite Dampfbehandlungsteil (25) strömt, anschließend durch dieses Teil und in das erste Dampfbehandlungsteil (24) strömt, und von dort in das Stopfenteil (23) und zu der Eintrittsöffnung (17) des faltenbildenden Teils strömt und in der anderen Richtung in und durch das zweite Dampfbehandlungsteil (25) und zu der Austrittsöffnung (26) der Kammer strömt;
       eine Einrichtung zum Zusammenarbeiten mit den Falten des Kabels, wenn dieses in dem faltenbildenden Teil und durch die Eintrittsöffnung (17) der Kammer bewegt wird, wobei die Falten mit Stiften (27) einer endlosen Kette (28) zusammenarbeiten, welche sich mit einer zweiten Geschwindigkeit bewegt, welche kleiner als die erste Geschwindigkeit ist;
       eine Einrichtung zum Bewegen des in Falten gelegten Kabels durch das Stopfenteil (23) mit dieser zweiten Geschwindigkeit, so daß die Mehrzahl von Falten des Kabels im wesentlichen in Kontakt mit den Wänden der das Stopfenteil (23) bildenden Kammer während eines beträchtlichen Teils ihrer Bewegung durch dieses Teil ist, und so daß der in das Stopfenteil strömende Dampf das Kabel schrumpft, so daß seine Querschnittsfläche kleiner als jene ist, mit der es in dieses Teil eintritt;
       eine Einrichtung zum Bewegen des in Falten gelegten Kabels durch eine begrenzte Eintrittsöffnung des ersten Behandlungsteils, wobei die Eintrittsöffnung kleiner als die begrenzte Eintrittsöffnung der Kammer ist; und
       eine Einrichtung zum Bewegen des Kabels durch das erste Behandlungsteil (24) mit dieser zweiten Geschwindigkeit, so daß die Mehrzahl von Falten des Kabels, welche im Stopfenteil (23) geschrumpft wurden, im wesentlichen in Kontakt mit den Wänden ist, welche das erste Behandlungsteil (24) begrenzen, und zwar über den Großteil der Bewegung durch dieses Teil.
EP88307697A 1988-08-18 1988-08-19 Verfahren zur Behandlung von schrumpffähigen Fasern Expired - Lifetime EP0355222B1 (de)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA000575127A CA1340008C (en) 1988-08-18 1988-08-18 Process of treating shrinkable fibers
DE88307697T DE3885277T2 (de) 1988-08-18 1988-08-19 Verfahren zur Behandlung von schrumpffähigen Fasern.
EP88307697A EP0355222B1 (de) 1988-08-18 1988-08-19 Verfahren zur Behandlung von schrumpffähigen Fasern
ES88307697T ES2045133T3 (es) 1988-08-18 1988-08-19 Procedimiento para tratar fibras contraibles.
JP63212632A JP2645485B2 (ja) 1988-08-18 1988-08-29 収縮可能な繊維を処理する方法

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA000575127A CA1340008C (en) 1988-08-18 1988-08-18 Process of treating shrinkable fibers
EP88307697A EP0355222B1 (de) 1988-08-18 1988-08-19 Verfahren zur Behandlung von schrumpffähigen Fasern
JP63212632A JP2645485B2 (ja) 1988-08-18 1988-08-29 収縮可能な繊維を処理する方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0355222A1 EP0355222A1 (de) 1990-02-28
EP0355222B1 true EP0355222B1 (de) 1993-10-27

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EP (1) EP0355222B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2645485B2 (de)
CA (1) CA1340008C (de)
DE (1) DE3885277T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2045133T3 (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5306312A (en) * 1990-10-31 1994-04-26 Burlington Industries, Inc. Dye diffusion promoting agents for aramids

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1193725A (en) * 1967-08-12 1970-06-03 Ilma Ind Lavorazioni Matalli A Process and Apparatus for Continuously Steaming Textile Fibre Material
CA1282213C (en) * 1985-12-16 1991-04-02 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Aromatic polyamide fibers and processes for making such fibers

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DE3885277T2 (de) 1994-05-05
CA1340008C (en) 1998-08-25
EP0355222A1 (de) 1990-02-28
ES2045133T3 (es) 1994-01-16
DE3885277D1 (de) 1993-12-02
JP2645485B2 (ja) 1997-08-25
JPH0268351A (ja) 1990-03-07

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