EP0350045B1 - Drill bit with composite cutting members - Google Patents
Drill bit with composite cutting members Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0350045B1 EP0350045B1 EP19890112388 EP89112388A EP0350045B1 EP 0350045 B1 EP0350045 B1 EP 0350045B1 EP 19890112388 EP19890112388 EP 19890112388 EP 89112388 A EP89112388 A EP 89112388A EP 0350045 B1 EP0350045 B1 EP 0350045B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cutting
- face
- drill bit
- laterally adjacent
- bit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015076 Shorea robusta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000166071 Shorea robusta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/56—Button-type inserts
- E21B10/567—Button-type inserts with preformed cutting elements mounted on a distinct support, e.g. polycrystalline inserts
- E21B10/5676—Button-type inserts with preformed cutting elements mounted on a distinct support, e.g. polycrystalline inserts having a cutting face with different segments, e.g. mosaic-type inserts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rotary drill bit for drilling subterranean formations as characterized in the pre-characterizing portion of claim 1.
- Drill bits presently known to the industry which utilize stationary cutting members typically use either natural or synthetic diamonds as cutting elements, and are conventionally known as “diamond bits”. References herein to "diamond bits” or “diamond drill bits” refer to all bits, for either drilling or coring, having primarily stationary cutting members.
- Conventional diamond drill bits may have a variety of different types of cutting surfaces, such as, for example polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutters, thermally stable diamond product (TSP) cutters, mosaic-type cutters and diamond impregnated stud cutters.
- Mosaic cutters are typically formed of a plurality of geometrically-shaped thermally stable diamond elements cooperatively arranged and bonded in a desired shape, to form a unitary cutting surface (EP-A-0 157 278).
- the diamond cutting surface is typically bonded to a supporting member, which is then secured to a carrier member which facilitates attachment to the drill bit.
- the cutting surface layer is preferably connected to the supporting member such as through use of brazing or sintering.
- the supporting member and the carrier member will both be formed of a suitable hard or sintered metal, such as, for example, tungsten carbide.
- the supporting member can be soldered or otherwise connected, such as by form sintering or hot isostatic pressing, to the carrier member (US-A- 4,498,549).
- drill bits may include more than one type of cutting member on a single bit.
- Some types of cutting surfaces are better adapted to cut specific formations than are others. For example, while large PDC-type cutters are extremely efficient at cutting shales and other similarly soft formations, they are quickly broken or abraded in hard formations. Other cutting surfaces, however, such as mosaic surfaces, will cut through the harder formations satisfactorily. Accordingly, some relatively recent diamond drill bit designs have included dual sets of cutting members, with each set composed of cutting members having different types of cutting surfaces.
- a first set of cutters is arranged on the bit to provide essentially full face coverage across the face of the bit, and a second set of cutters, of a different type, is arranged to provide coverage across at least a portion of the bit face.
- bits with dual cutter sets while performing exceptionally well in some applications, may not be feasible for use with all types of bits.
- bits having cutting members with large cutting surfaces, such as 2,5 centimeter (one inch) or greater in diameter it may not be feasible to include two sets of cutters on a single bit.
- the extra surface area could interfere with chip removal, or could raise the total bottom hole surface area contacting the formation to a level which would require an unacceptably high weight-on-bit to cut the formation.
- the present invention provides a drill bit as claimed in claim 1 including composite cutting surfaces on a single drill bit, whereby the exposed face of the cutting member may be maintained at a desired size, but whereby that face can be composed of different cutting surfaces adapted to perform differently in the earth formations.
- Figure 1 depicts a diamond drill bit having cutting members in accordance with the present invention.
- Figure 2 depicts that an isolated cutting member of the drill bit of Figure 1.
- Figures 3A-F depict exemplary alternative cutting faces for a cutting member in accordance with the present invention.
- Drill bit 10 includes a body section 12 which carries a plurality of cutting members 16.
- Body 12 is preferably a molded component fabricated through conventional metal matrix infiltration technology.
- Body section 12 is coupled to a shank 18 which includes a threaded portion 20.
- Shank 18 and body 12 are preferably formed to be functionally integral with one another.
- Drill bit 10 includes an internal recess (not illustrated), through which hydraulic fluid will flow.
- a plurality of nozzles 22 are placed in body 12 to distribute hydraulic flow proximate the faces of cutting members 16.
- the cutting face 24 of cutting member 16 includes two segments, 26 and 28.
- Cutting face segments 26 and 28 will each be formed of a layer of a cutting material, but will be formed of different types of cutting material.
- segment 26 may be a PDC cutting layer
- segment 28 may be a TSP cutting layer.
- Cutting face 24 of cutting member 16 may be formed of segments arranged in any of a variety of conformities, and such face segments may be formed of any of a variety suitable materials.
- the segment faces preferably lie in generally parallel planes, and most preferably will be coplanar as depicted in the drawing.
- Figures 3A-F therein are depicted exemplary alternative configurations and constructions for the cutting face of a cutting member 16 as depicted in Figures 1 and 2.
- Figure 3A depicts a cutting face 30 having a PDC face segment 32 and a mosaic face segment 34. The two segments 32 and 34 are symmetrically arranged relative to a vertical axis.
- Figure 3B depicts a face segment 36 having three generally vertically extending faces 38, 40 and 42, symmetrically arranged about a central vertical diameter.
- outer face segments 38 and 42 are of a first type of cutting surface, while central face segment 40 is of a second type of cutting surface.
- Figure 3C depicts a cutting face 44, which is similar in construction to cutting face 36 of Figure 3B, with the exception that the face segments 46, 48 and 50 are symmetrically disposed about a nonvertical diameter.
- Figure 3D depicts a two segment cutting face 52, with face segments distributed on either side of a horizontal diameter.
- upper segment 54 may be of a material such as a PDC layer
- lower segment 56 may be of a different material, such as a TSP or mosaic material.
- Figure 3E depicts an exemplary embodiment where the cutting face 58 is divided into a plurality of quadrant face segments 60, 62, 64 and 66.
- These face segments 60, 62, 64 and 66 can be formed, for example, of two alternating cutting layer materials or could all be formed of different cutting layer materials.
- Figure 3F depicts an embodiment similar to that of Figures 3B and 3C, with the exception that the three face segments of cutting face 68 are disposed symmetrically relative to a horizontal diametrical axis.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates to a rotary drill bit for drilling subterranean formations as characterized in the pre-characterizing portion of claim 1.
- Drill bits presently known to the industry which utilize stationary cutting members typically use either natural or synthetic diamonds as cutting elements, and are conventionally known as "diamond bits". References herein to "diamond bits" or "diamond drill bits" refer to all bits, for either drilling or coring, having primarily stationary cutting members. Conventional diamond drill bits may have a variety of different types of cutting surfaces, such as, for example polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutters, thermally stable diamond product (TSP) cutters, mosaic-type cutters and diamond impregnated stud cutters. Mosaic cutters are typically formed of a plurality of geometrically-shaped thermally stable diamond elements cooperatively arranged and bonded in a desired shape, to form a unitary cutting surface (EP-A-0 157 278).
- On conventional bits, the diamond cutting surface is typically bonded to a supporting member, which is then secured to a carrier member which facilitates attachment to the drill bit. The cutting surface layer is preferably connected to the supporting member such as through use of brazing or sintering. Preferably, the supporting member and the carrier member will both be formed of a suitable hard or sintered metal, such as, for example, tungsten carbide. The supporting member can be soldered or otherwise connected, such as by form sintering or hot isostatic pressing, to the carrier member (US-A- 4,498,549).
- Additionally, drill bits may include more than one type of cutting member on a single bit. Some types of cutting surfaces are better adapted to cut specific formations than are others. For example, while large PDC-type cutters are extremely efficient at cutting shales and other similarly soft formations, they are quickly broken or abraded in hard formations. Other cutting surfaces, however, such as mosaic surfaces, will cut through the harder formations satisfactorily. Accordingly, some relatively recent diamond drill bit designs have included dual sets of cutting members, with each set composed of cutting members having different types of cutting surfaces. With bits of that type, for example, a first set of cutters is arranged on the bit to provide essentially full face coverage across the face of the bit, and a second set of cutters, of a different type, is arranged to provide coverage across at least a portion of the bit face.
- Such bits with dual cutter sets, while performing exceptionally well in some applications, may not be feasible for use with all types of bits. For example, with bits having cutting members with large cutting surfaces, such as 2,5 centimeter (one inch) or greater in diameter, it may not be feasible to include two sets of cutters on a single bit. Additionally, even if the additional cutter set could be included on a single bit, the extra surface area could interfere with chip removal, or could raise the total bottom hole surface area contacting the formation to a level which would require an unacceptably high weight-on-bit to cut the formation.
- Accordingly, the present invention provides a drill bit as claimed in claim 1 including composite cutting surfaces on a single drill bit, whereby the exposed face of the cutting member may be maintained at a desired size, but whereby that face can be composed of different cutting surfaces adapted to perform differently in the earth formations.
- Figure 1 depicts a diamond drill bit having cutting members in accordance with the present invention.
- Figure 2 depicts that an isolated cutting member of the drill bit of Figure 1.
- Figures 3A-F depict exemplary alternative cutting faces for a cutting member in accordance with the present invention.
- Referring now to the drawings in more detail, and particularly to Figure 1, therein is depicted an exemplary embodiment of a
drill bit 10 in accordance with the present invention.Drill bit 10 includes abody section 12 which carries a plurality of cuttingmembers 16.Body 12 is preferably a molded component fabricated through conventional metal matrix infiltration technology.Body section 12 is coupled to ashank 18 which includes a threadedportion 20.Shank 18 andbody 12 are preferably formed to be functionally integral with one another.Drill bit 10 includes an internal recess (not illustrated), through which hydraulic fluid will flow. A plurality ofnozzles 22 are placed inbody 12 to distribute hydraulic flow proximate the faces of cuttingmembers 16. - Referring now also to Figure 2, therein is depicted an
exemplary cutting member 16 in greater detail. The cuttingface 24 of cuttingmember 16 includes two segments, 26 and 28. Cuttingface segments segment 26 may be a PDC cutting layer, whilesegment 28 may be a TSP cutting layer. Cuttingface 24 ofcutting member 16 may be formed of segments arranged in any of a variety of conformities, and such face segments may be formed of any of a variety suitable materials. - The segment faces preferably lie in generally parallel planes, and most preferably will be coplanar as depicted in the drawing.
- Referring now to Figures 3A-F, therein are depicted exemplary alternative configurations and constructions for the cutting face of a
cutting member 16 as depicted in Figures 1 and 2. Figure 3A depicts acutting face 30 having aPDC face segment 32 and amosaic face segment 34. The twosegments face segment 36 having three generally vertically extendingfaces outer face segments central face segment 40 is of a second type of cutting surface. - Figure 3C depicts a
cutting face 44, which is similar in construction to cuttingface 36 of Figure 3B, with the exception that the face segments 46, 48 and 50 are symmetrically disposed about a nonvertical diameter. - Figure 3D depicts a two
segment cutting face 52, with face segments distributed on either side of a horizontal diameter. Here again,upper segment 54 may be of a material such as a PDC layer, whilelower segment 56 may be of a different material, such as a TSP or mosaic material. - Figure 3E depicts an exemplary embodiment where the
cutting face 58 is divided into a plurality ofquadrant face segments face segments - Figure 3F depicts an embodiment similar to that of Figures 3B and 3C, with the exception that the three face segments of
cutting face 68 are disposed symmetrically relative to a horizontal diametrical axis.
Claims (3)
- A rotary drill bit (10) for drilling subterranean formations including a body member (12) secured to a shank (18) for rotating said bit (10) about a longitudinal axis, a plurality of cutting members (16) disposed on said body member (12), said cutting members (16) each including a cutting face (24,30,36,58) facing primarily toward the direction of bit rotation and said cutting face (24,30,36,58) having a cutting edge, characterized in that said cutting face (24,30,36,58) includes at least two different laterally adjacent cutting surfaces (32,34,38,40,42,46,50,60,62) adapted to perform differently in said subterranean formations, one of said at least two laterally adjacent cutting surfaces being essentially formed of a polycrystalline diamond material selected from the group comprising: polycrystalline diamond compact material, thermally stable diamond material, and mosaic diamond material; and at least one other of said at least two laterally adjacent cutting surfaces being formed of another, different material selected from said group, said cutting surfaces being oriented on said body member (12) so that said cutting edge includes sectors of at least two of said different, selected materials.
- The rotary drill bit (10) of claim 1, wherein said laterally adjacent cutting face segments (32, 34, 38, 40, 42, 46, 48, 50, 60, 62) of said cutting member (10) lie in generally parallel planes.
- The rotary drill bit (10) of claim 1, wherein said laterally adjacent cutting face segments (32, 34, 38, 40, 42, 46, 48, 50, 60, 62) of each cutting member (16) are generally coplanar.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US21549988A | 1988-07-06 | 1988-07-06 | |
US215499 | 1988-07-06 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0350045A2 EP0350045A2 (en) | 1990-01-10 |
EP0350045A3 EP0350045A3 (en) | 1990-06-06 |
EP0350045B1 true EP0350045B1 (en) | 1996-01-17 |
Family
ID=22803218
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19890112388 Expired - Lifetime EP0350045B1 (en) | 1988-07-06 | 1989-07-06 | Drill bit with composite cutting members |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0350045B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1311745C (en) |
DE (1) | DE68925439T2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5238074A (en) * | 1992-01-06 | 1993-08-24 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Mosaic diamond drag bit cutter having a nonuniform wear pattern |
ZA935525B (en) * | 1992-08-06 | 1994-02-24 | De Beers Ind Diamond | Tool insert |
GB9827600D0 (en) * | 1998-12-15 | 1999-02-10 | De Beers Ind Diamond | Abrasive product |
US6248447B1 (en) | 1999-09-03 | 2001-06-19 | Camco International (Uk) Limited | Cutting elements and methods of manufacture thereof |
US8991525B2 (en) * | 2012-05-01 | 2015-03-31 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Earth-boring tools having cutting elements with cutting faces exhibiting multiple coefficients of friction, and related methods |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3111156C1 (en) * | 1981-03-21 | 1983-04-14 | Christensen, Inc., 84115 Salt Lake City, Utah | Cutting element for rotary drill bits for deep drilling in earth formations |
AU3946885A (en) * | 1984-03-26 | 1985-10-03 | Norton Christensen Inc. | Cutting element using polycrystalline diamond disks |
GB8612012D0 (en) * | 1986-05-16 | 1986-06-25 | Nl Petroleum Prod | Rotary drill bits |
-
1989
- 1989-07-06 EP EP19890112388 patent/EP0350045B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-07-06 CA CA000604897A patent/CA1311745C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-07-06 DE DE1989625439 patent/DE68925439T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0350045A2 (en) | 1990-01-10 |
EP0350045A3 (en) | 1990-06-06 |
DE68925439T2 (en) | 1996-08-22 |
DE68925439D1 (en) | 1996-02-29 |
CA1311745C (en) | 1992-12-22 |
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