EP0347834B1 - Tête de brûleur pour brûleur à gaz à soufflage - Google Patents

Tête de brûleur pour brûleur à gaz à soufflage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0347834B1
EP0347834B1 EP89111185A EP89111185A EP0347834B1 EP 0347834 B1 EP0347834 B1 EP 0347834B1 EP 89111185 A EP89111185 A EP 89111185A EP 89111185 A EP89111185 A EP 89111185A EP 0347834 B1 EP0347834 B1 EP 0347834B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cross
burner
combustion
burner head
lines
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89111185A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0347834A2 (fr
EP0347834A3 (fr
Inventor
Walter Dreizler
Ulrich Dreizler
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Individual
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Individual
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6356881&utm_source=***_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0347834(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT89111185T priority Critical patent/ATE89390T1/de
Publication of EP0347834A2 publication Critical patent/EP0347834A2/fr
Publication of EP0347834A3 publication Critical patent/EP0347834A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0347834B1 publication Critical patent/EP0347834B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/34—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/34—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air
    • F23D14/36—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air in which the compressor and burner form a single unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/11403—Flame surrounding tubes in front of burner nozzle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner head for a forced gas burner according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a known fan gas burner of this type (FR-PS 1 507 416)
  • the problem underlying such gas burners can be seen. Since the gas is supplied to the combustion chamber at a relatively low pressure, in order to achieve homogeneous mixing with the combustion air, the gas supply must be fanned out and mixed with the supplied combustion air in a suitable manner as homogeneously as possible. In addition, there is a risk with such blower gas burners that the flame breaks off, which is then automatically re-ignited, which can lead to an unpleasant pulsation.
  • this known fan gas burner is inside a baffle ring is arranged by the combustion tube, through which the flame is to be stabilized.
  • the oil burner has an oil spray cone generated by the oil burner nozzle of high flow energy, into which the combustion air is blown with likewise high air pressure and under swirl, in order to ensure sufficient combustion for good combustion to achieve the required mixing of oil mist and combustion air.
  • the swirl and baffle plates in the flame tube this naturally results in a high fuel gas velocity, which causes recirculation through the radial openings between the fuel tube and flame tube.
  • the flame tube on the side facing the combustion tube namely downstream of the recirculation openings, is expanded in order to superimpose a funnel effect on the Venturi effect.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a burner head for fan gas burners, with which the NO x components in the exhaust gas finally discharged to one A value that can be reduced is, if possible, less than 50 ppm NO x .
  • This object is achieved by the burner head according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim.
  • This burner head according to the invention has the advantage over the known blower gas burners that in a very simple manner and without increasing the pressure of the fuel gas or the supplied combustion air and using the known effect of exhaust gas recirculation, a substantial reduction in the NO x content is possible, namely up to below 50 ppm.
  • the diameters of the combustion tube and the flame tube can advantageously be kept almost the same, although at these low speeds of the gas / air mass flow with effective exhaust gas recirculation, low NO x values, reduced CO values and a high burner output with high flame stability can be achieved.
  • the diameter of the flame head is significantly larger than that of the burner tube due to the sudden increase in volume of the gas caused by high heat development, with the consequent installation disadvantages.
  • the webs against which the flame flows can be designed in a wide variety of ways.
  • the decisive factor is that the heat flow experiences a jam with an overpressure zone upstream and a vacuum zone downstream of the web, the former causing flame stabilization and the latter initiating the recirculation of the exhaust gas.
  • the device for the fuel gas distribution in the manner of a cross-flow burner has a burner ring arranged transversely to the burner head axis with a burner plate, with radially arranged fuel gas nozzles and with axially provided through openings for the combustion air.
  • These flame zones form the root of the burner flame, which continues for a second combustion stage downstream of the webs in the flame tube.
  • the edge region of the burner ring towards the combustion tube has notches formed as slits apart from an annular gap as additional through openings for the combustion air.
  • a swirl disk for combustion air is arranged in the combustion tube upstream of the device for the fuel gas distribution.
  • this swirl disk which in a known manner has segments which are inclined against one another and which is also known as a swirl disk, causes the combustion air to receive a helical swirl movement.
  • the main result of this is that the combustion air is forced to a longer dwell time on its way to the flame root, apart from the fact that a much better mixing between fuel gas and combustion air is brought about.
  • this swirling effect of the combustion air continues through the slits down to the webs, and promotes the standing vortices which form in the flame tube due to the webs and which cause the exhaust gas recirculation.
  • these are always arranged downstream of the fuel gas nozzles or air passage openings with a correspondingly different effect.
  • the webs are arranged on a web ring, which can be designed in a wide variety of ways.
  • the webs on the inside can also be connected to each other by a ring, creating a type of perforated disc.
  • the actual combustion air blower with motor and fan wheel is not shown, but only part 2 of the gas burner housing which belongs to the burner head, i.e. which is connected directly to the boiler with the combustion chamber.
  • the combustion air is supplied to the burner head 1 in the direction of arrow I via the burner housing, which is otherwise not shown.
  • the fuel gas is fed radially to the burner head 1 here via a gas line 3 and passed on within it via a tubular distributor device 4.
  • the tubular distributor device is closed in the direction of the combustion chamber by a burner ring 5 and a burner plate 6.
  • Radial fuel gas nozzles 7 are provided between the burner plate 6 and the burner ring 5 for an exit of the fuel gas provided transversely to the burner head axis.
  • the flame roots of a short burner flame begin without additional baffles being required for this.
  • One of the air passage openings 9 is designed as an annular gap between the burner ring 5 and a burner tube 10 which is inserted over the burner ring 5 and the tubular distributor device 4 and which is plugged radially sealingly into the housing 2 of the gas burner and fastened thereon.
  • a flame tube 13 is fastened to the combustion tube 10 at a distance, which surrounds the first part of the burner flame 14 and, with the exception of the locations at which fastening tabs 15 are arranged, an annular gap 16 between the combustion tube 10 and the flame tube 13 arises, through which exhaust gases can recirculate from the combustion chamber of the boiler back into the flame tube.
  • the flame tube 13 could also have a larger diameter than the combustion tube 10.
  • the web ring 11 with the webs 12 causes a slight constriction of the flame mass flow flowing past, which results in a slight acceleration of the flow velocity with a slight deflection at the same time radially inwards, so that "standing" vortices form on the webs 12, which lead to the suction of the exhaust gases from the annular gap 16 and thus to exhaust gas recirculation, and which are also supported by the injector effect of the flame mass flow in the flame tube 13.
  • the cool combustion air flowing in through the air passage openings 9 on the wall of the combustion tube 10 is also partially guided into the flame center, whereby a reduction in the flame temperatures is achieved with the correspondingly slightly cooled, lower-oxygen, recirculating exhaust gases, with a corresponding reduction in the NO x -Share down to less than 40 ppm.
  • a swirl disk 17 is arranged in the burner head 1, which has almost the diameter of the combustion tube 10, and by means of the segments 18 of which are displaced relative to one another, a helical swirl movement of the combustion air is achieved.
  • the air passage openings 9 are provided with sections 19 which have a corresponding influence on the speed of the combustion air flow and, in conjunction with the swirl of the air flow caused by the swirl disk 17, an improvement in the torus swirls and the fuel gas / combustion air mixture preparation.
  • a free inner diameter d remains between the free ends 22 of the webs 12, which has a specific ratio to the outer diameter D and the ring width b of the outer, non-perforated section 21 of the web ring stands.
  • the webs 12 are designed as sheet metal flags of width B, which are evenly distributed with their web foot 20 and in a flat area on the outer ring section 21 of the web ring 11 and merge into section 21 in a rounded manner.
  • the length of the webs between the free ends 22 up to the web foot is marked with L.
  • the through openings 23 of the web ring 11 between the webs 12 have a drop-shaped cross section which widens radially outward and is open to the inner diameter of the web ring 11.
  • the lateral boundaries of the web-shaped webs 12 are formed parallel to the web foot 20, and there are also the base edges 27 of the through openings 23 by which the web feet 20 are connected to one another, straight, so that the cross section of the through openings 23 in this variant has the shape of an open top trapezoid.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 A further variant of the web ring 11 is shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in which sheet flaps 28 are fastened in a star-shaped manner, for example spot-welded or riveted, on the web ring 28, which is also in one piece and made up of a tubular section 26 and an outer, non-perforated ring section 21.
  • the remaining passage cross section of the passage openings 23 thus formed corresponds to that of the variant shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 Another design of the web ring 11 is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, in which the web ring is designed in each case as a perforated plate, with oval through openings 23 in FIG. 9 and rectangular through openings 23 in FIG. 10.
  • the burner head according to the invention works as follows: Combustion air is admixed via the air passage openings 9 and the slots 19 to the fuel gas emerging via the radially inward and outward fuel gas nozzles 7 of the burner ring 5, so that mixtures are present in the flame root, i.e. upstream of the web ring Different gas concentrations are available. While combustion takes place near the air passage openings 9 and 19 with a very large excess of air, the combustion takes place in the vicinity of the fuel gas nozzles 7 with a lack of air. In both cases, the combustion temperature therefore remains low, so that there is a very low NO x emission in each of these partial flames.
  • This vacuum zone which is open towards the annular gap 16 in accordance with the design of the web rings 11, causes the exhaust gases surrounding the combustion tube 10 and the flame tube 13 to be drawn in, so that a desired exhaust gas recirculation occurs.
  • the exhaust gas is thus conducted into the flame through the interstices formed by the webs 12 and has a lowering of the flame temperature and thereby reducing NO x .
  • the CO content in the exhaust gas is reduced, quite apart from the fact that the web ring 11 brings about anchoring of the flame, which is desired in gas-blown burners, that is to say prevents the flame from being torn off.
  • This two-stage combustion with exhaust gas recirculation finally has the advantage that a fan gas burner with the burner head according to the invention can be used largely independently of the design of the combustion chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Tête de brûleur à gaz à ventilateur doté d'un tuyau d'allumage accueillant un dispositif servant à assurer la distribution du gaz combustible et de l'air de combustion ainsi que les buses de gaz combustible et les orifices de passage de l'air, et d'un tube de flammes se rattachant au tuyau, caractérisée par le fait qu'entre le tuyau d'allumage (10) et le tube de flammes (13), il existe au moins un orifice (16) radial servant à la recirculation des gaz brûlés et que dans la zone où la flamme prend naissance entre le tuyau d'allumage (10) et le tube de flammes (13) et ce, en amont de l'orifice radial (16), mais en aval des buses de gaz combustible (7) et des orifices de passage de l'air (9, 19), on a prévu transversalement à l'axe longitudinal de la tête du brûleur des ponts (12) faisant saillie radialement vers l'intérieur.
  2. Tête de brûleur conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que le dispositif servant à la distribution du gaz combustible du genre d'un brûleur à jets croisés présente un anneau de brûleur (5) disposé transversalement à l'axe de la tête du brûleur avec plaque (6), avec des buses à gaz combustible (7) agencées radialement et avec des orifices de passage de l'air (9) placées, eux, axialement.
  3. Tête de brûleur conforme à la revendication 2, caractérisée par le fait que la zone en bordure de l'anneau (5) du brûleur menant au tuyau d'allumage (10) à côté d'un passage annulaire accuse des évidements en forme de brèches (19) faisant fonction d'orifices additionnels de passage de l'air de combustion.
  4. Tête du brûleur conforme à la revendication 3, caractérisée par le fait que les brèches (19) ont un diamètre intérieur d'un quart à un tiers de l'écart présenté par les buses de gaz combustible (7) les unes par rapport aux autres dans la rangée extérieure, orientée vers les brèches (19) de l'anneau du brûleur (5).
  5. Tête de brûleur conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait qu'en amont du dispositif assurant la distribution du gaz combustible (4), un disque de tourbillon (17) pour l'air de combustion est placé dans le tuyau d'allumage (10).
  6. Tête de brûleur conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que les ponts (12) en direction de l'air de combustion qui afflue dans les orifices de passage (9, 19) sont disposés comme des surfaces de retenue.
  7. Tête de brûleur conforme à l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée par le fait que les ponts (12) font partie intégrante d'un anneau à ponts (11) avec une section annulaire (21) extérieure non ajourée et avec des orifices de passage (23) d'une section transversale déterminée, entre les ponts (12) et la section annulaire (21).
  8. Tête de brûleur conforme à la revendication 7, caractérisée par le fait que l'anneau à ponts (11) possède un orifice central.
  9. Tête de brûleur conforme à la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisée par le fait que l'anneau à ponts (11) est limité dans le sens radial vers l'extérieur par une section tubulaire cylindique (26) qui correspond au diamètre du tuyau d'allumage (10) et qui est fixé sur celui-ci.
  10. Tête de brûleur conforme à l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisée par le fait que les arêtes de limitation radiales des ponts (12) sont disposées parallèlement les unes aux autres, la longueur du pont (L) faisant au moins le double de sa largeur (B).
  11. Tête de brûleur conforme à la revendication 10, caractérisée par le fait que les ponts (12) vers leur base (20) sont élargies d'une manière arrondie et qu'ils accusent des extrémités (22) dégagées vers l'intérieur dans le sens radial de sorte que la section transversale des orifices de passage (23) a une forme de goutte (fig. 3).
  12. Tête de brûleur conforme à la revendication 10, caractérisée par le fait que les orifices de passage (23) dans l'anneau à ponts (11) présentent une section transversale trapézoïdale, rectangulaire ou en forme de trou longitudinal (fig. 4 à 10).
  13. Tête de brûleur conforme à l'une des revendications 8 à 12, caractérisée par le fait que les orifices de passage (23) de l'anneau à ponts (11) sont ouverts en direction de l'ouverture intérieure de l'anneau à ponts.
  14. Tête de brûleur conforme à l'une des revendications 7 à 13, caractérisée par le fait que les ponts ont une configuration de languettes en tôle (28) qui sont fixées sur la section extérieure non ajourée (21).
  15. Tête de brûleur conforme à l'une des revendications 7 à 14, caractérisée par le fait que la section annulaire (21) extérieure, non ajourée de l'anneau à ponts (11) a un profil conique, incliné en direction de la commande.
  16. Tête de brûleur conforme à la revendication 15, caractérisée par le fait qu'au moins une section (25) à la base des ponts (12) présente la même inclinaison que la section annulaire extérieure.
EP89111185A 1988-06-21 1989-06-20 Tête de brûleur pour brûleur à gaz à soufflage Expired - Lifetime EP0347834B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89111185T ATE89390T1 (de) 1988-06-21 1989-06-20 Brennerkopf fuer einen geblaesegasbrenner.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3820849 1988-06-21
DE3820849 1988-06-21

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0347834A2 EP0347834A2 (fr) 1989-12-27
EP0347834A3 EP0347834A3 (fr) 1991-07-24
EP0347834B1 true EP0347834B1 (fr) 1993-05-12

Family

ID=6356881

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89111185A Expired - Lifetime EP0347834B1 (fr) 1988-06-21 1989-06-20 Tête de brûleur pour brûleur à gaz à soufflage

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5015174A (fr)
EP (1) EP0347834B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE89390T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE58904315D1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007009922A1 (de) 2007-02-27 2008-08-28 Ulrich Dreizler Hohlflamme
US7891971B2 (en) 2005-08-16 2011-02-22 Elco Burners Gmbh Combustion head and method for combusting fuel
CN109442399A (zh) * 2018-07-20 2019-03-08 北京航空航天大学 一种对冲直接喷射低氮燃烧器

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3942747A1 (de) * 1989-12-22 1991-06-27 Eberspaecher J Fahrzeug-heizgeraet, insbesondere kraftfahrzeug-zusatzheizgeraet
DE4002237A1 (de) * 1990-01-26 1991-08-01 Elco Energiesysteme Gmbh Gasbrenner
US5413477A (en) * 1992-10-16 1995-05-09 Gas Research Institute Staged air, low NOX burner with internal recuperative flue gas recirculation
US5269679A (en) * 1992-10-16 1993-12-14 Gas Research Institute Staged air, recirculating flue gas low NOx burner
EP0612959A1 (fr) * 1993-02-23 1994-08-31 D.W. Clysan B.V. Brûleur à venturi
DE9321525U1 (de) * 1993-07-20 1999-01-28 Elco Klöckner Heiztechnik GmbH, 72379 Hechingen Brenner zur Verbrennung von flüssigen oder gasförmigen Brennstoffen in Feuerungsanlagen
EP0704656B1 (fr) * 1994-09-28 1998-11-04 ABIG WERKE Carry Gross GmbH & Co. KG Elément de tête de brûleur
US5957682A (en) * 1996-09-04 1999-09-28 Gordon-Piatt Energy Group, Inc. Low NOx burner assembly
US5839891A (en) * 1997-01-13 1998-11-24 Beckett Gas, Inc. Power gas burner
EP0867659A1 (fr) * 1997-03-24 1998-09-30 VTH Verfahrentechnik für Heizung AG Procédé et dispositif pour la combustion d'un combustible gazeux
DE19813336C2 (de) * 1998-03-26 2002-08-01 Viessmann Werke Kg Brenner für flüssige Brennstoffe
ITBO20010178A1 (it) * 2001-03-26 2002-09-26 Riello Spa Bruciatore
DE102005026649A1 (de) * 2005-06-09 2006-12-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brenner für flüssige Brennstoffe
SE537347C2 (sv) * 2012-08-31 2015-04-07 Reformtech Heating Holding Ab Apparat för förbränning
EP3274101B1 (fr) * 2015-03-23 2021-02-24 Stamford Devices Limited Générateur d'aérosol
IT202000028394A1 (it) * 2020-11-25 2022-05-25 Baltur S P A Bruciatore e apparato industriale a ridotte emissioni
CN217131272U (zh) * 2020-11-25 2022-08-05 百得股份公司 减少排放的工业燃烧器和设备
IT202000028400A1 (it) * 2020-11-25 2022-05-25 Baltur S P A Bruciatore e apparato industriale a ridotte emissioni

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US2518937A (en) * 1946-06-22 1950-08-15 Premix Comb Inc Head structure for gun type oil burners
FR1507416A (fr) * 1967-01-03 1967-12-29 Etablissements Ch Thuel Soc D Tête de combustion pour brûleurs à gaz, ainsi que les brûleurs pourvus de cette tête
NL153322B (nl) * 1968-11-28 1977-05-16 Kleis Van Der Giesen Gasbrander.
US3589845A (en) * 1969-04-23 1971-06-29 Adams Mfg Co The Power burner
BE755352A (nl) * 1969-09-05 1971-03-01 Shell Int Research Verbrandingsinrichting voor gasvormige brandstof
DE2318355A1 (de) * 1973-04-12 1974-10-24 Junkers & Co Gas- und oelbrenner
WO1986007435A1 (fr) * 1985-06-12 1986-12-18 Georg Pletzer Foyer de chaudiere

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7891971B2 (en) 2005-08-16 2011-02-22 Elco Burners Gmbh Combustion head and method for combusting fuel
DE102007009922A1 (de) 2007-02-27 2008-08-28 Ulrich Dreizler Hohlflamme
EP2126471B1 (fr) 2007-02-27 2016-02-10 Ulrich Dreizler Flamme creuse
CN109442399A (zh) * 2018-07-20 2019-03-08 北京航空航天大学 一种对冲直接喷射低氮燃烧器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0347834A2 (fr) 1989-12-27
EP0347834A3 (fr) 1991-07-24
DE58904315D1 (de) 1993-06-17
ATE89390T1 (de) 1993-05-15
US5015174A (en) 1991-05-14

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