EP0346167B1 - Spray pump, which produces pressure before spraying - Google Patents

Spray pump, which produces pressure before spraying Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0346167B1
EP0346167B1 EP89401284A EP89401284A EP0346167B1 EP 0346167 B1 EP0346167 B1 EP 0346167B1 EP 89401284 A EP89401284 A EP 89401284A EP 89401284 A EP89401284 A EP 89401284A EP 0346167 B1 EP0346167 B1 EP 0346167B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
chamber
pump
liquid
movable means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP89401284A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0346167A1 (en
Inventor
André Debard
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Lindal Verpackungstechnik GmbH and Co KG
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Lindal Verpackungstechnik GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/0005—Components or details
    • B05B11/0037—Containers
    • B05B11/0039—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means
    • B05B11/0044—Containers associated with means for compensating the pressure difference between the ambient pressure and the pressure inside the container, e.g. pressure relief means compensating underpressure by ingress of atmospheric air into the container, i.e. with venting means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B11/00—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use
    • B05B11/01—Single-unit hand-held apparatus in which flow of contents is produced by the muscular force of the operator at the moment of use characterised by the means producing the flow
    • B05B11/10—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle
    • B05B11/1088—Pump arrangements for transferring the contents from the container to a pump chamber by a sucking effect and forcing the contents out through the dispensing nozzle the pump being a double-acting pump

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to diffusion pumps such as so-called aerosol pumps, which are used to extract a determined quantity of a liquid contained in a reservoir bottle and expel it outside via a head diffusion, generally equipped with a vortex nozzle.
  • diffusion pumps such as so-called aerosol pumps, which are used to extract a determined quantity of a liquid contained in a reservoir bottle and expel it outside via a head diffusion, generally equipped with a vortex nozzle.
  • aerosol pumps such as so-called aerosol pumps, which are used to extract a determined quantity of a liquid contained in a reservoir bottle and expel it outside via a head diffusion, generally equipped with a vortex nozzle.
  • aerosol pumps relates more particularly to those whose operation ensures a prior compression of the dose of liquid withdrawn before expelling it outside.
  • Pumps of this type comprise in known manner (in particular EP-A-0127449) a compression chamber formed inside a pump body between a valve for closing an orifice for withdrawing the liquid in the reservoir bottle and an orifice for expelling the liquid withdrawn towards the diffusion head, this chamber being of variable volume by the fact that it is limited by a piston carried by a member movable axially in the pump body. This member is linked to the diffusion head so that a pressure exerted manually on the latter by the user against elastic return means makes it possible to control the operation of the pump.
  • the invention responds to the need which has been felt to improve the operation of such pumps, in particular to ensure a frank projection of the liquid upon diffusion, in a predetermined dose, to avoid smearing or drips at the end of the projection or in outside periods of use, and to allow a simple and solid construction, guaranteeing a good functioning for a long use.
  • the invention achieves this by using a provision ensuring a precompression effect and involving two chambers, one of which is a compression chamber with variable volume, internal to the mobile organ, and the other of which is external to it; it ensures communication with the expulsion orifice located at the end of the movable member by longitudinal channels formed annularly therein.
  • a needle piston is mounted inside the movable member, but outside the internal chamber, in such a way that it comes to close the expulsion orifice when there is no longer any liquid pressure. in the external chamber containing the communication channels.
  • This needle piston or precompression piston also plays the role of a sniffing piston, avoiding sagging at the very start of the projection, by the fact that it is stressed by elastic means associated in a position for closing the 'expulsion orifice from which it is released when the liquid is pressurized in the external or intermediate chamber.
  • a sliding piston arranged inside the internal chamber of the main piston, or driving piston, is pushed by elastic means into a position where it closes the communication between the internal chamber and the external chamber, whence it is only released under the effect of liquid pressure in the internal chamber.
  • the various elastic means are generally helical metal springs, except, however, that the sliding piston of the double-acting pump is preferably brought back to its closed position by legs made of elastic material molded with a transverse partition internal to the movable member which limits the internal chamber and on which rests on the other hand, on the opposite face of the partition, the spring associated with the needle piston.
  • the double-acting pump according to the invention in the particular embodiment considered, is represented in FIGS. 1 to 3 in different positions of its constituent elements, while keeping the same reference numbers. It has an axis of symmetry of revolution, which is assumed to be oriented vertically, as is normally the case when the pump is in use for withdrawing and diffusing a liquid contained in a bottle whose cover has only been shown 1 .
  • This pump comprises a mobile assembly which moves axially inside a fixed pump body, mounted inside the bottle.
  • This pump body consists of a shell 2, internally lined with a sheath 3 in its upper part.
  • the mobile assembly essentially comprises a cylindrical member 10, in two parts integral with each other, namely an internal tube 5 and an external tube 4, covering the upper end of the internal tube 4.
  • the lid 1 of the bottle forms a cylindrical cup 6, which is traversed by the movable member 10 and which has an internal shoulder 7 under which the pump body is mounted, by snap-fastening of the upper end of the shell 2 behind beads 8 of the cover 1. An air leak is however possible between these beads, to ensure pressure balancing with the bottle in view of which the upper end of the sheath 3 has teeth 9, in abutment on the shoulder 7 of the cup 6, beyond from the end face of the upper end of the shell 2.
  • a diffusion head 11 is mounted on the mobile assembly, by force engagement on the upper end of the external tube 4, in abutment on an external shoulder 12 that the latter presents for this purpose. This allows the user to control the operation of the pump. When it exerts a manual pressure on it downwards, it pushes the mobile assembly by making it descend against the elastic return force of a helical spring 13 which will be discussed again below.
  • the diffusion head 11 also comprises a diffusion nozzle 14, of the vortex type, which opens laterally through a cylindrical skirt 15 externally limiting the head 11 and which communicates through the head 11 with the internal space of the movable member 10, the tube 4 axially forming an orifice 16 used for expelling the liquid withdrawn from the bottle by the pump.
  • This sampling is carried out by the lower part of the fixed body of the pump, where the shell 2 is extended with a reduced section, after an annular bottom 17, to first form a valve seat 19, of frustoconical shape, then a dip tube 18, open at the bottom of the bottle (not shown).
  • a sampling orifice 20 places or not the internal space of the pump in communication with the tube 18, depending on the position taken a ball 21, forming a valve, relative to the cooperating seat 19, under the effect of a pressure of liquid acting on it.
  • the pump body internally has pillars 22, on which the lower end of the spring 13 rests.
  • the internal tube 5 of the movable member is extended by a driving piston 31 , forming an internal shoulder 23 which serves as a bearing surface at its upper end.
  • the double-acting pump of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 comprises two compression chambers with variable volume, with the additional feature that the withdrawn liquid reaches the expulsion orifice 16 via the outside of a precompression system essentially constituted by a needle piston 24, which closes this orifice as long as the pressure exerted on it by the liquid is not sufficient to overcome the elastic restoring force of a helical spring 25.
  • the latter is housed in a blind bore 26 (Fig. 2) formed in the inner tube 5 from then its upper end to a transverse partition 27. It is compressed between this partition and an annular bearing of the needle piston 24 and held laterally between the tube 5 and d on the one hand the piston itself, on the other hand an axial projection 28 of the partition 27.
  • the needle piston 24 has a circular sealing lip 29 which, in all the positions of the piston, prevents che the liquid to penetrate into the bore 26.
  • a frustoconical seat 30 is formed at the end of the external tube 4, around the expulsion orifice 16, to cooperate with the needle piston 24.
  • the movable assembly of the pump comprises a secondary piston 32, formed outside the external tube 4 at its lower end.
  • the piston 31 slides in the lower part of the pump body, in leaktight contact with the internal wall of the shell 2 thanks to elastic circular lips 33 and 34 (Fig. 1 and 3) of which it is provided at its two ends respectively. It thus delimits in the shell 2 a first compression chamber 35 for the liquid, the volume variation of which is shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 showing the two extreme positions, high and low of the piston 31.
  • the secondary piston 32 slides in the pump body at the sleeve 3, with which it remains in permanent sealed contact by a lower lip 36.
  • the two chambers 35 and 37 communicate with each other by orifices 38 (Fig. 2) drilled laterally through the internal tube 5.
  • the second chamber 37 communicates with the expulsion orifice 16 by longitudinal channels 39, annularly distributed and arranged in the thickness of the movable member. In the case described, these channels are in fact formed between the two tubes 4 and 5, by grooves 41 hollowed longitudinally in the internal tube 5 until opening by radial conduits 42 at the end of this tube.
  • a last essential element of the pump is represented by a sliding piston 43, which is used during the operation of the pump, to control the opening and closing of the communication between the two compression chambers of the withdrawn liquid.
  • This piston is identical in shape to that of the precompression needle piston 24, but it is oriented vertically in the opposite direction in the axis of the movable member. It is located inside the inner tube 5, under the transverse partition 27. Its cylindrical body is chamfered at least at its upper end, to cooperate with flexible lugs 44, which are produced by molding in the material of the tube 5 and which protrude in a circle under the transverse partition 27.
  • the lugs 44 tend to push the wandering piston 43 downwards, but they move apart to allow the piston to rise between them, towards the partition 27, under the effect of an overpressure of liquid prevailing in the chamber 35.
  • the wandering piston 43 also has an outer circular lip 45, which moves at the same time along the internal wall of the tube 5, always remaining below the orifices 38.
  • the tube 5 has a first change of section at 46, so that when the piston is in the low position, pushed back by the lugs 44, the lip 45 is in sealed contact with the wall of the tube 5, while at on the contrary, when it is in the high position, the liquid can freely circulate from the chamber 35 to the orifices 38 and the second chamber 37.
  • the tube 5 also has a second change of section at 47, whose role is to imitate the displacement possible piston 43 downwards, by abutment of its lip 45.
  • the driving piston 31 tends to compress the liquid located in the chamber 35, which applies the ball 21 to its seat 19 and thus isolates this chamber from the bottle.
  • the secondary piston 32 lowers in the intermediate position of FIG. 2, where it comes into tight contact with the sleeve 3 not only by its lower lip 36, but also by an upper lip 49. Both lips being oriented symmetrically downwards, they cooperate to effectively close the second chamber 37.
  • the wandering piston 43 rises and opens the communication between the two chambers, and that consequently, the liquid passing through the channels 39 above the precompression piston 24 lowers the latter against the associated spring 25.
  • the liquid withdrawn from the assembly of the two chambers is therefore expelled through the orifice 16. This until the movable member reaches its extreme low position illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the first chamber 35 reaches its minimum volume. It was emptied partly by expulsion of a first fraction of the dose of liquid withdrawn, but also partly by filling the second chamber 37, the volume of which has increased. Then begins the ascent cycle of the mobile organ, which will expel a second fraction of the dose taken.
  • FIG. 3 it can be seen that the driving piston 31 abuts by a ring 51 on the bottom 17 of the shell 2 and that the latter comprises around the rooms 50 which separate the lip 33 from the wall of the shell.
  • the latter is pierced with a lateral orifice 52 which was previously closed by the piston 31 and which now ensures pressure balancing between the bottle and the chamber 35.
  • the above pump has been modified for a single-effect operation, the entire dose of liquid withdrawn being expelled during the lowering cycle of the movable member.
  • the same references were used to designate the elements common to the pump operating in double effect and in the variant operating in single effect.
  • This variant differs in its constitution from the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 3, in that the wandering piston 43 is removed and that the secondary piston 32 is extended downwards by a skirt 50 which abuts against the engine piston 31.

Landscapes

  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a precompression pump for spraying a liquid, comprising a first inner compression chamber (35) arranged inside a pump body between a valve (21) for closing an orifice (20) for drawing off the liquid in a reservoir bottle, and an orifice (16) for expelling the drawn-off liquid towards a spraying head (11); this chamber being of a volume which can vary by virtue of the fact that it is limited by a working piston (31) carried by a member which can move axially in the said pump body, characterised in that it comprises a second intermediate chamber (37) between the said first chamber (35) and the said expulsion orifice (16), and a precompression system comprising a needle piston (24) mounted inside the said moveable member but outside the said first chamber (35), and elastic means for stressing the said needle piston (24) towards a position blocking the expulsion orifice (16) from which the said needle piston (24) is freed when the liquid is pressurised in the said intermediate chamber (37), and in that the said second chamber (37) has communicating channels arranged longitudinally and distributed annularly in the said moveable member and opening out laterally around the said needle piston (24) in the vicinity of the said expulsion orifice (16). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne les pompes de diffusion telles que les pompes dites de type aérosol, qui sont utilisées pour extraire une quantité déterminée d'un liquide contenu dans un flacon réservoir et l' expulser à l'extérieur par l'intermédiaire d'une tête de diffusion, généralement équipée d'une buse tourbillonnaire. Parmi ces pompes, elle vise plus particulièrement celles dont le fonctionnement assure une compression préalable de la dose de liquide prélevé avant de l'expulser à l'extérieur.The present invention relates to diffusion pumps such as so-called aerosol pumps, which are used to extract a determined quantity of a liquid contained in a reservoir bottle and expel it outside via a head diffusion, generally equipped with a vortex nozzle. Among these pumps, it relates more particularly to those whose operation ensures a prior compression of the dose of liquid withdrawn before expelling it outside.

Des pompes de ce genre comportent de manière connue (notamment EP-A-0127449) une chambre de compression ménagée à l'intérieur d'un corps de pompe entre un clapet de fermeture d'un orifice de prélèvement du liquide dans le flacon réservoir et un orifice d'expulsion du liquide prélevé vers la tête de diffusion, cette chambre étant de volume variable par le fait qu'elle est limitée par un piston porté par un organe mobile axialement dans le corps de pompe. Cet organe est lié à la tête de diffusion de telle sorte qu'une pression exercée manuellement sur celle-ci par l'utilisateur à l'encontre de moyens élastiques de rappel permet de commander le fonctionnement de la pompe.Pumps of this type comprise in known manner (in particular EP-A-0127449) a compression chamber formed inside a pump body between a valve for closing an orifice for withdrawing the liquid in the reservoir bottle and an orifice for expelling the liquid withdrawn towards the diffusion head, this chamber being of variable volume by the fact that it is limited by a piston carried by a member movable axially in the pump body. This member is linked to the diffusion head so that a pressure exerted manually on the latter by the user against elastic return means makes it possible to control the operation of the pump.

L'invention répond au besoin qui s'est fait sentir d'améliorer le fonctionnement de telles pompes, notamment pour assurer une projection franche du liquide à la diffusion, en une dose prédéterminée, pour éviter les bavures ou coulures en fin de projection ou en dehors des périodes d'utilisation, et pour permettre une construction simple et solide, garantissant un bon fonctionnement pour un long usage.The invention responds to the need which has been felt to improve the operation of such pumps, in particular to ensure a frank projection of the liquid upon diffusion, in a predetermined dose, to avoid smearing or drips at the end of the projection or in outside periods of use, and to allow a simple and solid construction, guaranteeing a good functioning for a long use.

Pour l'essentiel, l'invention y parvient en ayant recours à une disposition assurant un effet de précompression et impliquant deux chambres dont l'une est une chambre de compression à volume variable, interne à l'organe mobile, et dont l'autre lui est externe ; elle assure la communication avec l'orifice d'expulsion situé en bout de l'organe mobile par des canaux longitudinaux ménagés annulairement dans ce dernier. De plus, un piston pointeau est monté à l'intérieur de l'organe mobile, mais en dehors de la chambre interne, de telle manière qu'il vienne fermer l'orifice d'expulsion quand il n'existe plus de pression de liquide dans la chambre externe comportant les canaux de communication. Ce piston pointeau ou piston de précompression, joue également le rôle d'un piston de reniflage, évitant des coulures tout au début de la projection, par le fait qu'il est sollicité par des moyens élastiques associés dans une position d'obturation de l'orifice d'expulsion dont-il est dégagé quand le liquide est mis en pression dans la chambre externe ou intermédiaire. En outre, un piston baladeur, disposé à l'intérieur de la chambre interne du piston principal, ou piston moteur, est poussé par des moyens élastiques dans une position où il ferme la communication entre la chambre interne et la chambre externe, d'où il n'est dégagé que sous l'effet d'une pression de liquide dans la chambre interne. Dans le fonctionnement d'une telle pompe, une première partie de la dose de liquide prélevé est expulsée par l'intermédiaire de la chambre externe quand on fait descendre le piston dans le sens d'une compression dans la chambre interne, tandis que le reste de cette dose est expulsé lors de la remontée du piston moteur soumis aux moyens élastiques associés.Essentially, the invention achieves this by using a provision ensuring a precompression effect and involving two chambers, one of which is a compression chamber with variable volume, internal to the mobile organ, and the other of which is external to it; it ensures communication with the expulsion orifice located at the end of the movable member by longitudinal channels formed annularly therein. In addition, a needle piston is mounted inside the movable member, but outside the internal chamber, in such a way that it comes to close the expulsion orifice when there is no longer any liquid pressure. in the external chamber containing the communication channels. This needle piston or precompression piston also plays the role of a sniffing piston, avoiding sagging at the very start of the projection, by the fact that it is stressed by elastic means associated in a position for closing the 'expulsion orifice from which it is released when the liquid is pressurized in the external or intermediate chamber. In addition, a sliding piston, arranged inside the internal chamber of the main piston, or driving piston, is pushed by elastic means into a position where it closes the communication between the internal chamber and the external chamber, whence it is only released under the effect of liquid pressure in the internal chamber. In the operation of such a pump, a first part of the dose of liquid withdrawn is expelled via the external chamber when the piston is lowered in the direction of compression in the internal chamber, while the rest of this dose is expelled during the ascent of the engine piston subjected to the associated elastic means.

Dans la réalisation pratique de la pompe, les différents moyens élastiques sont en général des ressorts métalliques hélicoïdaux, sauf toutefois que le piston baladeur de la pompe à double effet est de préférence rappelé vers sa position de fermeture par des pattes en matériau élastique moulées avec une cloison transversale interne à l'organe mobile qui limite la chambre interne et sur laquelle s'appuie d'autre part, sur la face opposée de la cloison, le ressort associé au piston pointeau.In the practical embodiment of the pump, the various elastic means are generally helical metal springs, except, however, that the sliding piston of the double-acting pump is preferably brought back to its closed position by legs made of elastic material molded with a transverse partition internal to the movable member which limits the internal chamber and on which rests on the other hand, on the opposite face of the partition, the spring associated with the needle piston.

On décrira maintenant plus en détail une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention qui en fera mieux comprendre les caractéristiques essentielles et les avantages, étant entendu toutefois que cette forme de réalisation est choisie à titre d'exemple et qu'elle n'est nullement limitative. Sa description est illustrée par les dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente schématiquement la pompe décrite, dans une réalisation à double effet, selon une vue en coupe longitudinale dans sa position de repos, en dehors des périodes d'utilisation ;
  • la figure 2 représente schématiquement une coupe analogue, mais agrandie et partielle, correspondant à la position occupée par les différents éléments constitutifs de la pompe quand le piston moteur est en cours de descente en phase de compression, au début de l'éjection du liquide ;
  • la figure 3 représente une coupe analogue à celle de la figure 1 lorsque le piston a fini de descendre et commence à remonter, dans la deuxième phase d'expulsion du liquide ;
  • la figure 4 montre une coupe schématique d'une variante de réalisation s'appliquant au cas d'une pompe à simple effet.
A particular embodiment of the invention will now be described in more detail which will make it better understand the essential characteristics and the advantages, it being understood however that this embodiment is chosen by way of example and that it is in no way limiting. Its description is illustrated by the appended drawings, in which:
  • FIG. 1 schematically represents the pump described, in a double-acting embodiment, according to a view in longitudinal section in its rest position, outside the periods of use;
  • FIG. 2 schematically represents a similar section, but enlarged and partial, corresponding to the position occupied by the various constituent elements of the pump when the driving piston is being lowered in the compression phase, at the start of the ejection of the liquid;
  • 3 shows a section similar to that of Figure 1 when the piston has finished descending and begins to rise, in the second phase of expulsion of the liquid;
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic section of an alternative embodiment applying to the case of a single-acting pump.

La pompe à double effet selon l'invention, dans le mode de réalisation particulier considéré, est représentée sur les figures 1 à 3 dans différentes positions de ses éléments constitutifs, en conservant les mêmes chiffres de référence. Elle présente un axe de symétrie de révolution, qui est supposé orienté verticalement, comme c'est normalement le cas lorsque la pompe est en cours d'utilisation pour prélever et diffuser un liquide contenu dans un flacon dont on a seulement fait apparaître le couverte 1.The double-acting pump according to the invention, in the particular embodiment considered, is represented in FIGS. 1 to 3 in different positions of its constituent elements, while keeping the same reference numbers. It has an axis of symmetry of revolution, which is assumed to be oriented vertically, as is normally the case when the pump is in use for withdrawing and diffusing a liquid contained in a bottle whose cover has only been shown 1 .

Cette pompe comporte un ensemble mobile qui se déplace axialement à l'intérieur d'un corps de pompe fixe, monté à l'intérieur du flacon. Ce corps de pompe est constitué par une coquille 2, doublée intérieurement d'un fourreau 3 dans sa partie supérieure. L'ensemble mobile comporte essentiellement un organe cylindrique 10, en deux parties solidaires l'une de l'autre, à savoir un tube interne 5 et un tube externe 4, recouvrant l'extrêmité supérieur du tube interne 4. Le couvercle 1 du flacon forme une cupulle cylindrique 6, qui est traversée par l'organe mobile 10 et qui présente un épaulement interne 7 sous lequel est monté le corps de pompe, par encliquetage de l'extrêmité supérieure de la coquille 2 derrière des bourrelets 8 du couvercle 1. Une fuite d'air est cependant possible entre ces bourrelets, pour assurer avec le flacon un équilibrage de pression en vue duquel l'extrêmité supérieure du fourreau 3 présente des redents 9, en butée sur l'épaulement 7 de la cupulle 6, au delà de la face terminale de l'extrêmité supérieure de la coquille 2.This pump comprises a mobile assembly which moves axially inside a fixed pump body, mounted inside the bottle. This pump body consists of a shell 2, internally lined with a sheath 3 in its upper part. The mobile assembly essentially comprises a cylindrical member 10, in two parts integral with each other, namely an internal tube 5 and an external tube 4, covering the upper end of the internal tube 4. The lid 1 of the bottle forms a cylindrical cup 6, which is traversed by the movable member 10 and which has an internal shoulder 7 under which the pump body is mounted, by snap-fastening of the upper end of the shell 2 behind beads 8 of the cover 1. An air leak is however possible between these beads, to ensure pressure balancing with the bottle in view of which the upper end of the sheath 3 has teeth 9, in abutment on the shoulder 7 of the cup 6, beyond from the end face of the upper end of the shell 2.

Une tête de diffusion 11 est montée sur l'ensemble mobile, par engagement à force sur l'extrêmité supérieure du tube externe 4, en butée sur un épaulement externe 12 que ce dernier présente à cet effet. Cette permet à l'utilisateur de commander le fonctionnement de la pompe. Quand il exerce dessus une pression manuelle vers le bas, elle pousse l'ensemble mobile en le faisant descendre à l'encontre de la force de rappel élastique d'un ressort hélicoïdal 13 dont on reparlera plus loin. La tête de diffusion 11 comporte par ailleurs une buse de diffusion 14, de type tourbillonnaire, qui débouche latéralement à travers une jupe cylindrique 15 limitant extérieurement la tête 11 et qui communique à travers la tête 11 avec l'espace interne de l'organe mobile 10, le tube 4 formant axialement un orifice 16 servant à l'expulsion du liquide prélévé dans le flacon par la pompe.A diffusion head 11 is mounted on the mobile assembly, by force engagement on the upper end of the external tube 4, in abutment on an external shoulder 12 that the latter presents for this purpose. This allows the user to control the operation of the pump. When it exerts a manual pressure on it downwards, it pushes the mobile assembly by making it descend against the elastic return force of a helical spring 13 which will be discussed again below. The diffusion head 11 also comprises a diffusion nozzle 14, of the vortex type, which opens laterally through a cylindrical skirt 15 externally limiting the head 11 and which communicates through the head 11 with the internal space of the movable member 10, the tube 4 axially forming an orifice 16 used for expelling the liquid withdrawn from the bottle by the pump.

Ce prélèvement s'effectue par la partie inférieure du corps fixe de la pompe, où la coque 2 se prolonge avec une section réduite, après un fond annulaire 17, pour former d'abord un siège de clapet 19, de forme tronconique, puis un tube plongeur 18, ouvert au fond du flacon (non représenté). Un orifice de prélèvement 20 met ou non l'espace interne de la pompe en communication avec le tube 18, suivant la position prise la une bille 21, formant clapet, par rapport au siège coopérant 19, sous l'effet d'une pression de liquide s'exerçant sur elle. Autour de la bille 21, le corps de pompe présente intérieurement des piliers 22, sur lesquels s'appuie l'extrêmité inférieure du ressort 13. Autour de ce ressort, le tube interne 5 de l'organe mobile se prolonge par un piston moteur 31, en formant un épaulement interne 23 qui sert de portée d'appui à son extrémité supérieure. Bien que cela n'apparaisse pas clairement sur les figures, la forme et les dimensions du ressort 13 sont telles que la bille 21 ne puisse pas s'engager dedans et qu'elle voit ainsi ses déplacements limités à une course correspondant sensiblement à la hauteur des piliers 22.This sampling is carried out by the lower part of the fixed body of the pump, where the shell 2 is extended with a reduced section, after an annular bottom 17, to first form a valve seat 19, of frustoconical shape, then a dip tube 18, open at the bottom of the bottle (not shown). A sampling orifice 20 places or not the internal space of the pump in communication with the tube 18, depending on the position taken a ball 21, forming a valve, relative to the cooperating seat 19, under the effect of a pressure of liquid acting on it. Around the ball 21, the pump body internally has pillars 22, on which the lower end of the spring 13 rests. Around this spring, the internal tube 5 of the movable member is extended by a driving piston 31 , forming an internal shoulder 23 which serves as a bearing surface at its upper end. Although this does not appear clearly in the figures, the shape and dimensions of the spring 13 are such that the ball 21 cannot engage therein and that it therefore sees its movements limited to a stroke corresponding substantially to the height pillars 22.

La pompe à double effet du mode de réalisation des figures 1 à 3 comporte deux chambres de compression à volume variable, avec en outre la particularité que le liquide prélevé parvient à l'orifice d'expulsion 16 en passant par l'extérieur d'un système de précompression essentiellement constitué par un piston pointeau 24, qui ferme cet orifice tant que la pression exercée sur lui par le liquide n'est pas suffisante pour vaincre la force de rappel élastique d'un ressort hélicoîdal 25. Ce dernier est logé dans un alésage borgne 26 (Fig.2) ménagé dans le tube interne 5 de puis son extrêmité supérieure jusqu'à une cloison transversale 27. Il est comprimé entre cette cloison et une portée annulaire du piston pointeau 24 et maintenu latéralement entre le tube 5 et d'une part le piston lui-même, d'autre part une saillie axiale 28 de la cloison 27. Le piston pointeau 24 présente une lèvre d'étanchéité circulaire 29 qui, dans toutes les positions du piston, empêche le liquide de pénétrer dans l'alésage 26. Un siège tronconique 30 est formé en bout du tube externe 4, autour de l'orifice d'expulsion 16, pour coopérer avec le piston pointeau 24.The double-acting pump of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 comprises two compression chambers with variable volume, with the additional feature that the withdrawn liquid reaches the expulsion orifice 16 via the outside of a precompression system essentially constituted by a needle piston 24, which closes this orifice as long as the pressure exerted on it by the liquid is not sufficient to overcome the elastic restoring force of a helical spring 25. The latter is housed in a blind bore 26 (Fig. 2) formed in the inner tube 5 from then its upper end to a transverse partition 27. It is compressed between this partition and an annular bearing of the needle piston 24 and held laterally between the tube 5 and d on the one hand the piston itself, on the other hand an axial projection 28 of the partition 27. The needle piston 24 has a circular sealing lip 29 which, in all the positions of the piston, prevents che the liquid to penetrate into the bore 26. A frustoconical seat 30 is formed at the end of the external tube 4, around the expulsion orifice 16, to cooperate with the needle piston 24.

En plus du piston moteur 31, l'ensemble mobile de la pompe comporte un piston secondaire 32, formé à l'extérieur du tube externe 4 en son extrémité inférieure. Au cours du fonctionnement de la pompe, le piston 31 coulisse dans la partie inférieure du corps de pompe, en contact étanche avec la paroi interne de la coque 2 grâce à des lèvres circulaires élastiques 33 et 34 (Fig. 1 et 3) dont il est pourvu respectivement à ses deux extrémités. Il délimite ainsi dans la coquille 2 une première chambre de compression 35 du liquide, dont la variation de volume ressort des figures 1 et 3 montrant les deux positions extrêmes, haute et basse du piston 31. Le piston secondaire 32, quant à lui, coulisse dans le corps de pompe au niveau du fourreau 3, avec lequel il reste en contact étanche permanent par une lèvre inférieure 36. Il ferme une deuxième chambre de compression 37, qui est délimitée cette fois autour du tube interne 5, entre le corps de pompe et le piston moteur 31, et dont le volume varie, en conséquence, en sens inverse de celui de la première chambre de compression 35 : il est maximal dans la position de repos de la figure 1 et minimal quand l'organe mobile est dans sa position basse extrême représentée sur la figure 3. On remarquera que le choix des dimensions du fourreau 3, ne serait-ce que par modification de sa longueur, permet de prérégler le rapport des volumes des deux chambres.In addition to the driving piston 31, the movable assembly of the pump comprises a secondary piston 32, formed outside the external tube 4 at its lower end. During the operation of the pump, the piston 31 slides in the lower part of the pump body, in leaktight contact with the internal wall of the shell 2 thanks to elastic circular lips 33 and 34 (Fig. 1 and 3) of which it is provided at its two ends respectively. It thus delimits in the shell 2 a first compression chamber 35 for the liquid, the volume variation of which is shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 showing the two extreme positions, high and low of the piston 31. The secondary piston 32, meanwhile, slides in the pump body at the sleeve 3, with which it remains in permanent sealed contact by a lower lip 36. It closes a second compression chamber 37, which is delimited this time around the internal tube 5, between the pump body and the driving piston 31, and the volume of which varies, consequently, in the opposite direction to that of the first compression chamber 35: it is maximum in the rest position of FIG. 1 and minimum when the movable member is in its extreme low position shown in Figure 3. Note that the choice of dimensions of the sleeve 3, if only by changing its length, allows to preset the volume ratio of the two chambers.

Les deux chambres 35 et 37 communiquent entre elles par des orifices 38 (Fig. 2) percés latéralement à travers le tube interne 5. La deuxième chambre 37 communique avec l'orifice d'expulsion 16 par des canaux longitudinaux 39, répartis annulairement et ménagés dans l'épaisseur de l'organe mobile. Dans le cas décrit, ces canaux sont en fait formés entre les deux tubes 4 et 5, par des rainures 41 creusées longitunalement dans le tube interne 5 jusqu'à déboucher par des conduits radiaux 42 en bout de ce tube.The two chambers 35 and 37 communicate with each other by orifices 38 (Fig. 2) drilled laterally through the internal tube 5. The second chamber 37 communicates with the expulsion orifice 16 by longitudinal channels 39, annularly distributed and arranged in the thickness of the movable member. In the case described, these channels are in fact formed between the two tubes 4 and 5, by grooves 41 hollowed longitudinally in the internal tube 5 until opening by radial conduits 42 at the end of this tube.

Un dernier élément essentiel de la pompe est représenté par un piston baladeur 43, qui sert au cours du fonctionnement de la pompe, à contrôler l'ouverture et la fermeture de la communication entre les deux chambres de compression du liquide prélevé. Ce piston est de forme identique à celle du piston pointeau de précompression 24, mais il est orienté verticalement en sens inverse dans l'axe de l'organe mobile. Il se trouve à l'intérieur du tube interne 5, sous la cloison transversale 27. Son corps cylindrique est chanfreiné au moins en son extrêmité supérieure, pour coopérer à avec des pattes flexibles 44, qui sont réalisées par moulage dans la matière du tube 5 et qui dépassent en cercle sous la cloison transversale 27. Les pattes 44 ont tendance à pousser le piston baladeur 43 vers le bas, mais elles s'écartent pour laisser remonter le piston entre elles, vers la cloison 27, sous l'effet d'une surpression de liquide régnant dans la chambre 35. Le piston baladeur 43 présente par ailleurs une lèvre circulaire extérieure 45, qui se déplace dans le même temps le long de la paroi interne du tube 5, en restant toujours en dessous des orifices 38. A ce niveau, le tube 5 présente un premier changement de section en 46, de telle sorte que quand le piston est en position basse, repoussé par les pattes 44, la lèvre 45 est en contact étanche avec la paroi du tube 5, alors qu'au contraire, quand il est en position haute, le liquide peut librement circuler de la chambre 35 vers les orifices 38 et la deuxième chambre 37. Le tube 5 présente en outre un deuxième changement de section en 47, dont le rôle est de imiter le déplacement possible du piston 43 vers le bas, par butée de sa lèvre 45.A last essential element of the pump is represented by a sliding piston 43, which is used during the operation of the pump, to control the opening and closing of the communication between the two compression chambers of the withdrawn liquid. This piston is identical in shape to that of the precompression needle piston 24, but it is oriented vertically in the opposite direction in the axis of the movable member. It is located inside the inner tube 5, under the transverse partition 27. Its cylindrical body is chamfered at least at its upper end, to cooperate with flexible lugs 44, which are produced by molding in the material of the tube 5 and which protrude in a circle under the transverse partition 27. The lugs 44 tend to push the wandering piston 43 downwards, but they move apart to allow the piston to rise between them, towards the partition 27, under the effect of an overpressure of liquid prevailing in the chamber 35. The wandering piston 43 also has an outer circular lip 45, which moves at the same time along the internal wall of the tube 5, always remaining below the orifices 38. A At this level, the tube 5 has a first change of section at 46, so that when the piston is in the low position, pushed back by the lugs 44, the lip 45 is in sealed contact with the wall of the tube 5, while at on the contrary, when it is in the high position, the liquid can freely circulate from the chamber 35 to the orifices 38 and the second chamber 37. The tube 5 also has a second change of section at 47, whose role is to imitate the displacement possible piston 43 downwards, by abutment of its lip 45.

En se référant maintenant au fonctionnement de la pompe, dans ses différentes étapes, on sera amené à préciser quelques détails complémentaires de la réalisation décrite.Referring now to the operation of the pump, in its various stages, it will be necessary to specify some additional details of the embodiment described.

Quand la pompe est au repos conformément à la figure 1, l'orifice d'expulsion 16 est fermé par le piston pointeau 24, la communication entre les deux chambres de compression est fermée par le piston baladeur 43, et le tube externe 4 est en butée étanche sur la cupulle 6 par un épaulement externe 48. La pression du liquide dans l'espace interne de la pompe est en équilibre avec celle du flacon, la pompe ayant été amorcée en fin du cycle de fonctionnement précédent.When the pump is at rest in accordance with FIG. 1, the expulsion orifice 16 is closed by the needle piston 24, the communication between the two compression chambers is closed by the wandering piston 43, and the external tube 4 is in sealed stop on the cup 6 by an external shoulder 48. The pressure of the liquid in the internal space of the pump is in equilibrium with that of the bottle, the pump having been primed at the end of the previous operating cycle.

Losque débute le cycle de descente de l'organe mobile, le piston moteur 31 tend à comprimer le liquide situé dans la chambre 35, ce qui applique la bille 21 sur son siège 19 et isole ainsi cette chambre du flacon. Dans le même temps, le piston secondaire 32 s'abaisse dans la position intermédiaire de la figure 2, où il vient en contact étanche avec le fourreau 3 non seulement par sa lèvre inférieure 36, mais en outre par une lèvre supérieure 49. Les deux lèvres étant orientése en bas symétriquement, elles coopèrent pour fermer efficacement la deuxième chambre 37. Sous la pression du liquide comprimé, on contate alors que le piston baladeur 43 remonte et ouvre la communication entre les deux chambres, et que par suite, le liquide passant par les canaux 39 au dessus du piston de précompression 24 fait descendre celui-ci à l'encontre du ressort associé 25. Le liquide prélevé dans l'ensemble des deux chambres est donc expulsé par l'orifice 16. Ceci jusqu'à ce que l'organe mobile parvienne à sa position basse extrême illustrée par la figure 3.When the lowering cycle of the movable member begins, the driving piston 31 tends to compress the liquid located in the chamber 35, which applies the ball 21 to its seat 19 and thus isolates this chamber from the bottle. At the same time, the secondary piston 32 lowers in the intermediate position of FIG. 2, where it comes into tight contact with the sleeve 3 not only by its lower lip 36, but also by an upper lip 49. Both lips being oriented symmetrically downwards, they cooperate to effectively close the second chamber 37. Under the pressure of the compressed liquid, it is noted that the wandering piston 43 rises and opens the communication between the two chambers, and that consequently, the liquid passing through the channels 39 above the precompression piston 24 lowers the latter against the associated spring 25. The liquid withdrawn from the assembly of the two chambers is therefore expelled through the orifice 16. This until the movable member reaches its extreme low position illustrated in FIG. 3.

Dans cette postion, la première chambre 35 atteint son volume minimal. Elle s est vidée partie par expulsion d'une première fraction de la dose de liquide prélevée, mais partie aussi en remplissant la deuxième chambre 37 dont le volume s est agrandi. Commence alors le cycle de remontée de l'organe mobile, qui va expulser une deuxième fraction de la dose prélevée.In this position, the first chamber 35 reaches its minimum volume. It was emptied partly by expulsion of a first fraction of the dose of liquid withdrawn, but also partly by filling the second chamber 37, the volume of which has increased. Then begins the ascent cycle of the mobile organ, which will expel a second fraction of the dose taken.

Sur la figure 3 on remarque que le piston moteur 31 vient en butée par une bague 51 sur le fond 17 de la coque 2 et que celle-ci comporte en pourtour des salles 50 qui écartent la lèvre 33 de la paroi de la coquille. Cette dernière est percée d'un orifice latéral 52 qui était antérieurement fermé par le piston 31 et qui assure maintenant un équilibrage de pression entre le flacon et la chambre 35.In FIG. 3, it can be seen that the driving piston 31 abuts by a ring 51 on the bottom 17 of the shell 2 and that the latter comprises around the rooms 50 which separate the lip 33 from the wall of the shell. The latter is pierced with a lateral orifice 52 which was previously closed by the piston 31 and which now ensures pressure balancing between the bottle and the chamber 35.

Quand le piston moteur remonte sous l'effet de la force du piston 13, la bille 21 se soulève de son siège 19, permettant ainsi à la chambre 35 de se remplir par l'orifice de prélèvement 20. Par contre, le piston baladeur 43, sensible à la poussée des pattes 44, descend fermer la communication entre les deux chambres et la deuxième chambre 37 se vide par l'orifice d'expulsion 16.When the driving piston rises under the effect of the force of the piston 13, the ball 21 rises from its seat 19, thus allowing the chamber 35 to be filled by the sampling orifice 20. On the other hand, the sliding piston 43 , sensitive to the push of the legs 44, descends to close the communication between the two chambers and the second chamber 37 empties through the expulsion orifice 16.

Quand l'organe mobile arrive à sa position haute illustrée par la figure 1, ceci représente la fin de l'expulsion de la dose de liquide prélevée. Les deux lèvres du piston secondaire 32 encadrent alors les redents de fuite 9, ce qui permet un équilibrage de pression entre le flcon et la deuxième chambre 37.When the movable member arrives at its high position illustrated in FIG. 1, this represents the end of the expulsion of the dose of liquid withdrawn. The two lips of the secondary piston 32 then frame the leakage steps 9, which allows pressure balancing between the flask and the second chamber 37.

Dans la variante de la figure 4, la pompe ci-dessus a été modifiée en vue d'un fonctionnement en simple effet, toute la dose de liquide prélevée étant expulsée au cours du cycle de descente de l'organe mobile. Les mêmes références ont été utilisées pour désigner les éléments communs à la pompe fonctionnant en double effet et à la variante fonctionnant en simple effet. Cette variante diffère dans sa constitution, de la forme de réalisation représentée aux figures 1 à 3, par le fait que le piston baladeur 43 est supprimé et que le piston secondaire 32 est prolongé vers le bas par une jupe 50 qui vient en butée contre le piston moteur 31.In the variant of FIG. 4, the above pump has been modified for a single-effect operation, the entire dose of liquid withdrawn being expelled during the lowering cycle of the movable member. The same references were used to designate the elements common to the pump operating in double effect and in the variant operating in single effect. This variant differs in its constitution from the embodiment shown in Figures 1 to 3, in that the wandering piston 43 is removed and that the secondary piston 32 is extended downwards by a skirt 50 which abuts against the engine piston 31.

Claims (8)

  1. A precompression pump for diffusing a liquid and comprising a first inner compression chamber (35) formed inside a pump body between a valve (21) closing an orifice (20) for drawing liquid from a storage bottle and an orifice (16) for ejecting the drawn liquid into a diffusion head (11), the chamber being variable in volume since it is bounded by a driving piston (31) borne by a means movable axially in the pump body, the driving piston being permanently urged by first resilient means (13) towards the position corresponding to the maximum volume of the first chamber (35), the pump also comprising an intermediate second chamber (37) between the first chamber (35) and the ejection orifice (16) blocked by a needle piston (24), the second chamber (37) comprising communicating ducts (39) formed longitudinally and distributed in a circle in the movable means and laterally opening around the needle piston (24) near the ejection orifice (16), characterised in that the needle piston (24) forming the precompression system is mounted inside the movable means but outside the first chamber (35) and is urged by second resilient means (25) towards a position for blocking the ejection orifice (16), from which the needle piston (24) is removed in spite of the action of the second resilient means when the liquid is pressurised in the intermediate chamber (37), and the pump comprises a sliding piston (43) disposed inside the first inner chamber (35) of the driving piston (31), the sliding piston (43) being pushed by third resilient means (44) into a position where it closes the communication between the first inner chamber (35) and the second chamber (37).
  2. A pump according to claim 1, characterised in that the first and the second resilient means comprise helical metal springs (13, 25), the one associated with the movable means comprising the driving piston (31) and the other associated with the needle piston (24) in the precompression system.
  3. A pump according to claim 1, characterised in that the sliding piston (43) is associated with resilient lugs (44) moulded from the material of a transverse partition (27) inside the movable means bounding the first chamber (35), the lugs being used to return the sliding piston (43) towards the closed position by co-operating with a change in cross-section (46) of an inner tube (5) of the movable means in which the piston is mounted axially, the tube (5) being formed with orifices opening into the ducts.
  4. A pump according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the movable means comprises a secondary piston (32) in sealing-tight sliding connection with an inner lining (3) mounted in a shell (2) of the pump body at a distance from the driving piston (31), the second chamber (37) having a variable volume between the pistons (31, 32).
  5. A pump according to claim 4, characterised in that the ducts (39) are formed between an inner tube (5) of the movable means bearing the driving piston (31) and an outer tube (4) of the movable means bearing the secondary piston (32).
  6. A pump according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that it comprises means whereby the pressure in the first inner chamber (35) is balanced via the piston (31) in a position of maximum compression of the movable means and the pressure in the second chamber (37) is balanced via the secondary piston (32) in an inoperative position of the movable means.
  7. A pump according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the needle piston (24) and the sliding piston (43) are identical in construction and disposed at opposite positions in the movable means.
  8. A pump according to claim 4, 5 or 6, characterised in that the second piston (32) is prolonged by a skirt (50) abutting the driving piston (31) in a single-acting pump.
EP89401284A 1988-05-10 1989-05-09 Spray pump, which produces pressure before spraying Expired - Lifetime EP0346167B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8806287 1988-05-10
FR8806287A FR2631393B1 (en) 1988-05-10 1988-05-10 PRE-PRESSURE PUMP FOR DIFFUSION OF A LIQUID

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0346167A1 EP0346167A1 (en) 1989-12-13
EP0346167B1 true EP0346167B1 (en) 1994-08-17

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89401284A Expired - Lifetime EP0346167B1 (en) 1988-05-10 1989-05-09 Spray pump, which produces pressure before spraying

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EP (1) EP0346167B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE110010T1 (en)
DE (1) DE68917531T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2631393B1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2652389B1 (en) * 1989-09-26 1992-12-04 Debard Andre IMPROVEMENT IN PRE-PRESSURE PUMPS FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF A LIQUID.
US5423459A (en) * 1994-07-25 1995-06-13 Newburgh Mfg Corporation Continuous spray pump dispenser
US5702031A (en) * 1995-06-20 1997-12-30 Emson, Inc. Dispensing pump with priming feature
JP3697012B2 (en) * 1996-03-22 2005-09-21 株式会社三谷バルブ Reciprocating pump type ejector
DE19749514A1 (en) * 1997-11-08 1999-05-12 Pfeiffer Erich Gmbh & Co Kg Delivery of a mixture of media for e.g. pharmaceutical products
US5918778A (en) * 1997-12-19 1999-07-06 Emson, Inc. Pump and pump securing device which maintains consistent dosage accuracy, and method of securing a pump to a container
FR2838784B1 (en) * 2002-04-17 2004-07-09 Valois Sa FLUID PRODUCT DISPENSING PUMP
US6830163B2 (en) 2002-04-17 2004-12-14 Valois S.A.S. Fluid dispenser pump
FR2838785B1 (en) * 2002-04-17 2005-09-09 Valois Sa FLUID PRODUCT DELIVERY PUMP
FR2885887B1 (en) * 2005-05-20 2010-11-05 Rexam Dispensing Sys POINTE PUMP FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF LIQUID PRODUCT

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2133259A5 (en) * 1971-04-08 1972-11-24 Step
JPS59184956U (en) * 1983-05-24 1984-12-08 株式会社吉野工業所 Manual small sprayer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE68917531T2 (en) 1995-03-23
FR2631393B1 (en) 1993-09-17
FR2631393A1 (en) 1989-11-17
EP0346167A1 (en) 1989-12-13
DE68917531D1 (en) 1994-09-22
ATE110010T1 (en) 1994-09-15

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WO2005063401A1 (en) Fluid product dispenser

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