EP0344597B1 - Cylinder head for an internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Cylinder head for an internal-combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0344597B1
EP0344597B1 EP89109344A EP89109344A EP0344597B1 EP 0344597 B1 EP0344597 B1 EP 0344597B1 EP 89109344 A EP89109344 A EP 89109344A EP 89109344 A EP89109344 A EP 89109344A EP 0344597 B1 EP0344597 B1 EP 0344597B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
cover
shaft
shaft pipe
abutment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89109344A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0344597A2 (en
EP0344597A3 (en
Inventor
Paul Rosche
Wolfgang Ruffing
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP0344597A2 publication Critical patent/EP0344597A2/en
Publication of EP0344597A3 publication Critical patent/EP0344597A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0344597B1 publication Critical patent/EP0344597B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
    • F01L1/0532—Camshafts overhead type the cams being directly in contact with the driven valve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/242—Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/006—Camshaft or pushrod housings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/18—DOHC [Double overhead camshaft]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis

Definitions

  • the invention is based on the preamble of claim 1 from DE-A-3638765.
  • internal combustion engines are equipped with a plurality of intake and exhaust valves per cylinder arranged in the cylinder head.
  • the hanging valves are actuated via overhead control shafts, the control shafts per cylinder being mounted between the inlet and outlet valves thereof.
  • the control shaft bearings are split, the separate bearing caps are fastened on both sides of the respective control shaft by means of screw bolts.
  • a spark plug is arranged in a shaft in the region of the cylinder axis in order to achieve favorable charge combustion and is accessible via an opening in the cover of the cylinder head.
  • the shaft is partially formed by a shaft pipe which penetrates the cover of the cylinder head via the opening.
  • object this publication is to make the passage of the shaft pipe through the cylinder head cover formed with play in an oil-tight manner.
  • an elastic sealing ring is proposed for this purpose, which is pressed against the cylinder head cover by means of a nut arranged on the shaft pipe.
  • the problem underlying the application relates to the fact that, as shown in Fig. 1 of the already mentioned DE-OS 3638765, a considerable amount of space is required for the arrangement of the fastening devices of the separate bearing caps between the respective control shaft and the spark plug shaft. This leads disadvantageously to a wide-headed cylinder head with additional weight resulting from greater material expenditure and larger, filled cooling rooms. Furthermore, the acute valve angle between the inlet and outlet valves is still relatively large.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a configuration for a cylinder head of the type described above, through which a narrow cylinder head can be reached.
  • a component serving to arrange valve control elements in the cylinder head is connected to the cylinder head via the shaft pipe.
  • the shaft pipe is used to fasten a common bearing cover for the split bearings arranged in a transverse plane for control shafts provided on both sides of the shaft pipe.
  • the shaft pipe can be used to fasten a control housing separate from the cylinder head, the indirect one Attachment via the common bearing cover for the control shaft bearing is preferred.
  • the basic idea of the invention is not a cover for two control shaft bearings with a central screw connection per se, as is known, for example, from DE-C 3641129, but rather the design of a shaft pipe that continues the shaft for central holding down or fastening of at least one common bearing cover.
  • the mutual spacing of the control shafts can be significantly reduced, whereby the width of the cylinder head is narrower.
  • the angle between the intake and exhaust valves can be made even more acute with the advantage of a flat, compact combustion chamber trough in the cylinder head.
  • a 4-valve engine with a very flat roof combustion chamber can be achieved with the invention.
  • the invention can thus also be used both in a mixture-compressing internal combustion engine and in an air-compressing internal combustion engine with direct injection.
  • a cylinder head 3 is assigned to a cylinder 2.
  • the cylinder head 3 is equipped with paired and suspended intake valves 4 and paired and suspended exhaust valves 5.
  • the inlet valves 4 are actuated by a control shaft 6 and the exhaust valves 5 are actuated by a control shaft 7.
  • the control shafts 6 and 7 are mounted in bearings 8 and 9, the bearings 8 and 9 being arranged in a common transverse plane between the two inlet valves 4 and the two outlet valves 5 in order to achieve a rigid valve train.
  • the control shaft bearings 8 and 9 are divided, the lower bearing halves 8 'and 9' are each an integral part of a control housing 19 integrally connected to the cylinder head 3.
  • the mixture-compressing internal combustion engine 1 has a spark plug 11 which is arranged in the region of the cylinder axis 10 and which is arranged in a shaft 12 formed in the cylinder head 3 in order to achieve favorable charge combustion.
  • a shaft pipe 14 is provided to continue the shaft 12 beyond the cylinder head cover 13.
  • the shaft pipe 14 is fixed in the cylinder head 3 against rotation.
  • a bearing cover 15 common to both control shaft bearings 8 and 9.
  • the shaft pipe 14 has on its outer circumference a thread 16 for a clamping nut 17.
  • the clamping nut 17 serves to hold down or fasten the common bearing cover 15, which is additionally fastened in its free end regions.
  • the control shafts 6 and 7 are arranged closely adjacent to the shaft pipe 14 or the central fastening point in the area of the clamping nut 17, whereby on the one hand a narrow cylinder head 3 and on the other hand a very acute valve angle between the inlet valves 4 and the outlet valves 5 is achieved.
  • the spark plug 11 is arranged in the middle, this results in a very flat roof combustion chamber 18.
  • the inlet valves 4 and the outlet valves 5 are actuated by tappets 20 from the control shafts 6 and 7, the tappets 20 in Guides 21 of the one-piece with the cylinder head 3 control housing 19 are arranged.
  • an injection nozzle (not shown) takes the place of the spark plug 11.
  • the cylinder head 22 shown in half in cross section in FIG. 2 is equipped with a separate control housing 23.
  • the control housing 23 is used to arrange guides for plungers which interact with valves, not shown, as are shown, for example, in FIG. 1.
  • the separate control housing 23 further comprises the lower half of a split bearing 24 for a control shaft, not shown.
  • a common bearing cover 26 is assigned to the control shaft bearings 24 arranged on both sides of a shaft pipe 25 in a transverse plane and formed in a single or in two control housings 23.
  • the bearing cover 26 is penetrated by a shaft pipe 25 designed as a collar bushing, which further penetrates a cover 27 of the cylinder head 22.
  • the shaft tube 25 is provided at its end on the cover side with a stop collar 28 which acts on the cover 27 via an elastic intermediate layer 29. Furthermore, a pressure ring 30 coaxially arranged with the intermediate layer 29 is provided between the stop collar 28 and the common bearing cover 26 of the control shaft bearings 24. Furthermore, the shaft pipe 25 on the stop collar 28 is configured with tool engagement surfaces to bring about a releasable connection of the shaft pipe 25 via a thread 31 in the cylinder head 22. With the arrangement described above, multiple fastening via the shaft pipe 25 is achieved, with an oil-tight seal at the same time the shaft pipe 25 and the cylinder head cover 27 is reached.
  • a cylinder head 32 shown in half in cross section in FIG. 3 is equipped with a shaft pipe 33 designed as a collar bushing.
  • This shaft pipe 33 acts essentially directly on the common bearing cover 35 of control shaft bearings 36 arranged in a transverse plane via a clamping head 34.
  • the end of the clamping head 34 also interacts with an elastic seal 38 arranged between the latter and a cylinder head cover 37.
  • the shaft pipe 33 is used to fix a common bearing cover 35 and a control housing 39 arranged separately from the cylinder head 32.
  • a common feature of the cylinder heads 22 and 32 of FIGS. 2 and 3 is that the shaft is formed by two shaft pipes 40 and 25 or 40 and 33, the shaft pipe 40 arranged adjacent to a combustion chamber 41 being fixed in the cylinder head 22 and 32 is.
  • the combustion chamber-side shaft pipe 40 has an internal thread 42.
  • This arrangement of shaft pipes made of high-strength iron materials is particularly suitable for light metal cylinder heads.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 can be replaced by the fastening arrangement shown in FIG. 1, furthermore the fastening arrangements shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are also suitable for an arrangement in the cylinder head 3 of FIG. 1.
  • an injection nozzle occurs on the spark plug 11 shown in FIG. 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung geht gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 von der DE-A-3638765 aus.The invention is based on the preamble of claim 1 from DE-A-3638765.

Zur Erzielung hoher Leistungen werden Brennkraftmaschinen mit mehreren, im Zylinderkopf hängend angeordneten Einlaß- und Auslaß-Ventilen je Zylinder ausgerüstet. Um einen steifen Ventilantrieb zu erreichen, werden die hängend angeordneten Ventile über obenliegende Steuerwellen betätigt, wobei die Steuerwellen je Zylinder zwischen dessen Einlaß- und Auslaß-Ventilen gelagert sind. Zur Verringerung der Bauhöhe des Zylinderkopfes sind die Steuerwellen-Lager geteilt ausgeführt, wobei die gesonderten Lagerdeckel jeweils beiderseits der jeweiligen Steuerwelle mittels Schraubbolzen befestigt sind. Zwischen den in einer gemeinsamen Querebene des Zylinderkopfes angeordneten Steuerwellen-Lagern ist bei gemischverdichtenden Brennkraftmaschinen zur Erzielung einer günstigen Ladungs-Verbrennung im Bereich der Zylinderachse eine Zündkerze in einem Schacht angeordnet, der über eine Durchbrechung im Deckel des Zylinderkopfes zugänglich ist.To achieve high performance, internal combustion engines are equipped with a plurality of intake and exhaust valves per cylinder arranged in the cylinder head. In order to achieve a rigid valve drive, the hanging valves are actuated via overhead control shafts, the control shafts per cylinder being mounted between the inlet and outlet valves thereof. To reduce the overall height of the cylinder head, the control shaft bearings are split, the separate bearing caps are fastened on both sides of the respective control shaft by means of screw bolts. Between the control shaft bearings arranged in a common transverse plane of the cylinder head, in the case of mixture-compressing internal combustion engines, a spark plug is arranged in a shaft in the region of the cylinder axis in order to achieve favorable charge combustion and is accessible via an opening in the cover of the cylinder head.

Bei dem Zylinderkopf nach der eingangs genannten Druckschrift DE-A 3638765 ist der Schacht teilweise von einem Schachtrohr gebildet, das den Deckel des Zylinderkopfes über die Durchbrechung durchsetzt. Gegenstand dieser Druckschrift ist, den mit Spiel ausgebildeten Durchgang des Schachtrohres durch den Zylinderkopf-Deckel öldicht auszubilden. Im einzelnen wird hierfür ein elastischer Dichtring vorgeschlagen, der mittels einer über Gewinde auf dem Schachtrohr angeordneten Mutter gegen den Zylinderkopf-Deckel gepreßt wird.In the cylinder head according to the document DE-A 3638765 mentioned at the outset, the shaft is partially formed by a shaft pipe which penetrates the cover of the cylinder head via the opening. object this publication is to make the passage of the shaft pipe through the cylinder head cover formed with play in an oil-tight manner. In particular, an elastic sealing ring is proposed for this purpose, which is pressed against the cylinder head cover by means of a nut arranged on the shaft pipe.

Demgegenüber bezieht sich das dem Anmeldegegenstand zugrundeliegende Problem darauf, daß, wie aus Fig. 1 der bereits genannten DE-OS 3638765 auch hervorgeht, für die Anordnung der Befestigungseinrichtungen der gesonderten Lagerdeckel zwischen der jeweiligen Steuerwelle und dem Zündkerzen-Schacht ein beträchtlicher Bauraum erforderlich ist. Dies führt in nachteiliger Weise zu einem breitbauenden Zylinderkopf mit aus größerem Materialaufwand und größeren, gefüllten Kühlräumen resultierendem zusätzlichem Gewicht. Weiter ist der spitze Ventilwinkel zwischen den Einlaß- und Auslaß-Ventilen noch relativ groß.In contrast, the problem underlying the application relates to the fact that, as shown in Fig. 1 of the already mentioned DE-OS 3638765, a considerable amount of space is required for the arrangement of the fastening devices of the separate bearing caps between the respective control shaft and the spark plug shaft. This leads disadvantageously to a wide-headed cylinder head with additional weight resulting from greater material expenditure and larger, filled cooling rooms. Furthermore, the acute valve angle between the inlet and outlet valves is still relatively large.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, für einen Zylinderkopf der eingangs beschriebenen Bauart eine Ausgestaltung aufzuzeigen, durch die ein schmalbauender Zylinderkopf erreichbar ist.The invention has for its object to provide a configuration for a cylinder head of the type described above, through which a narrow cylinder head can be reached.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß ein der Anordnung von Ventilsteuerelementen im Zylinderkopf dienendes Bauteil über das Schachtrohr mit dem Zylinderkopf verbunden ist. In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung dient das Schachtrohr der Befestigung eines gemeinsamen Lagerdeckels für die in einer Querebene angeordneten, geteilten Lager für beiderseits des Schachtrohres vorgesehene Steuerwellen. In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann das Schachtrohr der Befestigung eines vom Zylinderkopf gesonderten Steuergehäuses dienen, wobei die mittelbare Befestigung über den gemeinsamen Lagerdeckel für die Steuerwellenlager bevorzugt ist.This object is achieved in that a component serving to arrange valve control elements in the cylinder head is connected to the cylinder head via the shaft pipe. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the shaft pipe is used to fasten a common bearing cover for the split bearings arranged in a transverse plane for control shafts provided on both sides of the shaft pipe. In a further embodiment of the invention, the shaft pipe can be used to fasten a control housing separate from the cylinder head, the indirect one Attachment via the common bearing cover for the control shaft bearing is preferred.

Grundgedanke der Erfindung ist nicht ein für zwei Steuerwellen-Lager gemeinsamer Deckel mit mittiger Verschraubung an sich, wie beispielsweise aus der DE-C 3641129 bekannt, sondern die Ausgestaltung eines den Schacht fortsetzenden Schachtrohres zur mittigen Niederhaltung bzw. Befestigung zumindest eines gemeinsamen Lagerdeckels. Mit der Erfindung kann der gegenseitige Abstand der Steuerwellen erheblich verringert werden, wodurch der Zylinderkopf in seiner Breite schmäler baut. Weiter kann der Winkel zwischen den Einlaß- und Auslaß-Ventilen noch spitzer gewählt werden mit dem Vorteil einer flachen, kompakten Brennraummulde im Zylinderkopf. Insbesondere kann mit der Erfindung ein 4-Ventil-Motor mit sehr flachem Dachbrennraum erzielt werden. Damit kann weiter die Erfindung sowohl bei einer gemischverdichtenden Brennkraftmaschine als auch bei einer luftverdichtenden Brennkraftmaschine mit Direkteinspritzung Anwendung finden.The basic idea of the invention is not a cover for two control shaft bearings with a central screw connection per se, as is known, for example, from DE-C 3641129, but rather the design of a shaft pipe that continues the shaft for central holding down or fastening of at least one common bearing cover. With the invention, the mutual spacing of the control shafts can be significantly reduced, whereby the width of the cylinder head is narrower. Furthermore, the angle between the intake and exhaust valves can be made even more acute with the advantage of a flat, compact combustion chamber trough in the cylinder head. In particular, a 4-valve engine with a very flat roof combustion chamber can be achieved with the invention. The invention can thus also be used both in a mixture-compressing internal combustion engine and in an air-compressing internal combustion engine with direct injection.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Zylinderkopf mit Deckel im Querschnitt, wobei ein gemeinsamer Lagerdeckel für beiderseits des Schachtrohres angeordnete Steuerwellen mittig durch eine mit dem Schachtrohr zusammenwirkende Spannmutter niedergehalten ist,
Fig. 2
einen im Querschnitt hälftig gezeigten weiteren Zylinderkopf, bei dem über das Schachtrohr ein Zylinderkopfdeckel, ein gemeinsamer Lagerdeckel und ein vom Zylin- derkopf gesondertes Steuergehäuse niedergehalten sind, und
Fig. 3
im Querschnitt einen hälftigen Zylinderkopf mit gesondertem Steuergehäuse und gemeinsamen Lagerdeckel, wobei das Schachtrohr im wesentlichen unmittelbar auf den Lagerdeckel einwirkt.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
a cylinder head with a cover in cross section, a common bearing cover for control shafts arranged on both sides of the shaft pipe being held down in the center by a clamping nut which interacts with the shaft pipe,
Fig. 2
a further cylinder head shown in half in cross-section, in which a cylinder head cover, a common bearing cover and one of the cylinder derkopf separate control housing are held down, and
Fig. 3
in cross-section a half cylinder head with a separate control housing and common bearing cover, the shaft pipe acting essentially directly on the bearing cover.

Bei einer nicht näher dargestellten Brennkraftmaschine 1 ist einem Zylinder 2 ein Zylinderkopf 3 zugeordnet. Der Zylinderkopf 3 ist mit paarweise und hängend angeordneten Einlaßventilen 4 und paarweise und hängend angeordneten Auslaßventilen 5 ausgerüstet. Die Einlaßventile 4 werden von einer Steuerwelle 6 und die Auslaßventile 5 werden von einer Steuerwelle 7 betätigt. Die Steuerwellen 6 und 7 sind in Lagern 8 und 9 gelagert, wobei die Lager 8 und 9 zur Erzielung eines steifen Ventiltriebes jeweils zwischen den beiden Einlaßventilen 4 und den beiden Auslaßventilen 5 in einer gemeinsamen Querebene angeordnet sind. Zur Verringerung der Bauhöhe des Zylinderkopfes 3 sind die Steuerwellen-Lager 8 und 9 geteilt ausgebildet, wobei die unteren Lagerhälften 8′ und 9′ jeweils integraler Bestandteil eines mit dem Zylinderkopf 3 einstückig verbundenen Steuergehäuses 19 sind. Zwischen den Steuerwellen-Lagern 8 und 9 weist die gemischverdichtende Brennkraftmaschine 1 zur Erzielung einer günstigen Ladungs-Verbrennung eine im Bereich der Zylinderachse 10 angeordnete Zündkerze 11 auf, die in einem im Zylinderkopf 3 ausgebildeten Schacht 12 angeordnet ist.In an internal combustion engine 1 (not shown in detail), a cylinder head 3 is assigned to a cylinder 2. The cylinder head 3 is equipped with paired and suspended intake valves 4 and paired and suspended exhaust valves 5. The inlet valves 4 are actuated by a control shaft 6 and the exhaust valves 5 are actuated by a control shaft 7. The control shafts 6 and 7 are mounted in bearings 8 and 9, the bearings 8 and 9 being arranged in a common transverse plane between the two inlet valves 4 and the two outlet valves 5 in order to achieve a rigid valve train. To reduce the height of the cylinder head 3, the control shaft bearings 8 and 9 are divided, the lower bearing halves 8 'and 9' are each an integral part of a control housing 19 integrally connected to the cylinder head 3. Between the control shaft bearings 8 and 9, the mixture-compressing internal combustion engine 1 has a spark plug 11 which is arranged in the region of the cylinder axis 10 and which is arranged in a shaft 12 formed in the cylinder head 3 in order to achieve favorable charge combustion.

Zur Fortsetzung des Schachtes 12 über den Zylinderkopf-Deckel 13 hinaus ist ein Schachtrohr 14 vorgesehen. Das Schachtrohr 14 ist im Zylinderkopf 3 drehgesichert fixiert. In seinem anderen, abgewandten Endbereich durchsetzt das Schachtrohr 14 mit Spiel einen für beide Steuerwellen-Lager 8 und 9 gemeinsamen Lagerdeckel 15. Im Bereich des für beide Steuerwellen-Lager 8 und 9 gemeinsamen Lagerdeckels 15 weist das Schachtrohr 14 an seinem Außenumfang ein Gewinde 16 für eine Spannmutter 17 auf. Die Spannmutter 17 dient der Niederhaltung bzw. Befestigung des gemeinsamen Lagerdeckels 15, der in seinen freien Endbereichen jeweils zusätzlich befestigt ist.A shaft pipe 14 is provided to continue the shaft 12 beyond the cylinder head cover 13. The shaft pipe 14 is fixed in the cylinder head 3 against rotation. In its other, opposite end area passes through the shaft pipe 14 with play a bearing cover 15 common to both control shaft bearings 8 and 9. In the area of the bearing cover 15 common to both control shaft bearings 8 and 9, the shaft pipe 14 has on its outer circumference a thread 16 for a clamping nut 17. The clamping nut 17 serves to hold down or fasten the common bearing cover 15, which is additionally fastened in its free end regions.

Die Steuerwellen 6 und 7 sind dem Schachtrohr 14 bzw. der mittigen Befestigungsstelle im Bereich der Spannmutter 17 eng benachbart angeordnet, wodurch einerseits ein schmalbauender Zylinderkopf 3 und andererseits ein sehr spitzer Ventilwinkel zwischen den Einlaß-Ventilen 4 und den Auslaß-Ventilen 5 erzielt ist. Dies ergibt bei mittig angeordneter Zündkerze 11 einen sehr flachen Dachbrennraum 18. Zur Erzielung einer für hohe Drehzahlen geeigneten Ventilsteuerung werden die Einlaß-Ventile 4 und die Auslaß-Ventile 5 jeweils über Tassenstößel 20 von den Steuerwellen 6 und 7 betätigt, wobei die Tassenstößel 20 in Führungen 21 des mit dem Zylinderkopf 3 einstückigen Steuergehäuses 19 angeordnet sind.The control shafts 6 and 7 are arranged closely adjacent to the shaft pipe 14 or the central fastening point in the area of the clamping nut 17, whereby on the one hand a narrow cylinder head 3 and on the other hand a very acute valve angle between the inlet valves 4 and the outlet valves 5 is achieved. When the spark plug 11 is arranged in the middle, this results in a very flat roof combustion chamber 18. In order to achieve a valve control suitable for high speeds, the inlet valves 4 and the outlet valves 5 are actuated by tappets 20 from the control shafts 6 and 7, the tappets 20 in Guides 21 of the one-piece with the cylinder head 3 control housing 19 are arranged.

Für eine luftverdichtende Brennkraftmaschine 1 tritt an die Stelle der Zündkerze 11 eine Einspritzdüse (nicht gezeigt).For an air-compressing internal combustion engine 1, an injection nozzle (not shown) takes the place of the spark plug 11.

Der in Fig. 2 im Querschnitt hälftig dargestellte Zylinderkopf 22 ist mit einem gesonderten Steuergehäuse 23 ausgerüstet. Das Steuergehäuse 23 dient der Anordnung von Führungen für mit nicht gezeigten Ventilen zusammenwirkenden Stößeln, wie sie beispielsweise in Fig. 1 gezeigt sind. Weiter umfaßt das separate Steuergehäuse 23 die untere Hälfte eines geteilten Lagers 24 für eine nicht gezeigte Steuerwelle. Den zu beiden Seiten eines Schachtrohres 25 in einer Querebene angeordneten und in einem einzigen oder in zwei Steuergehäusen 23 ausgebildeten Steuerwellen-Lagern 24 ist ein gemeinsamer Lagerdeckel 26 zugeordnet. Der Lagerdeckel 26 wird von einem als Bundbuchse gestalteten Schachtrohr 25 durchsetzt, das ferner einen Deckel 27 des Zylinderkopfes 22 durchsetzt. Das Schachtrohr 25 ist an seinem deckelseitigen Ende mit einem Anschlag-Bund 28 versehen, der über eine elastische Zwischenlage 29 auf den Deckel 27 einwirkt. Weiter ist ein zur Zwischenlage 29 koaxial angeordneter Druckring 30 zwischen dem Anschlagbund 28 und dem gemeinsamen Lagerdeckel 26 der Steuerwellen-Lager 24 vorgesehen. Weiter ist das Schachtrohr 25 am Anschlag-Bund 28 mit Werkzeugangriffsflächen ausgestaltet zur Bewerkstelligung einer lösbaren Verbindung des Schachtrohres 25 über ein Gewinde 31 im Zylinderkopf 22. Mit der vorbeschriebenen Anordnung ist eine Mehrfach-Befestigung über das Schachtrohr 25 erzielt, wobei zugleich eine öldichte Abdichtung zwischen dem Schachtrohr 25 und dem Zylinderkopf-Deckel 27 erreicht ist.The cylinder head 22 shown in half in cross section in FIG. 2 is equipped with a separate control housing 23. The control housing 23 is used to arrange guides for plungers which interact with valves, not shown, as are shown, for example, in FIG. 1. The separate control housing 23 further comprises the lower half of a split bearing 24 for a control shaft, not shown. A common bearing cover 26 is assigned to the control shaft bearings 24 arranged on both sides of a shaft pipe 25 in a transverse plane and formed in a single or in two control housings 23. The bearing cover 26 is penetrated by a shaft pipe 25 designed as a collar bushing, which further penetrates a cover 27 of the cylinder head 22. The shaft tube 25 is provided at its end on the cover side with a stop collar 28 which acts on the cover 27 via an elastic intermediate layer 29. Furthermore, a pressure ring 30 coaxially arranged with the intermediate layer 29 is provided between the stop collar 28 and the common bearing cover 26 of the control shaft bearings 24. Furthermore, the shaft pipe 25 on the stop collar 28 is configured with tool engagement surfaces to bring about a releasable connection of the shaft pipe 25 via a thread 31 in the cylinder head 22. With the arrangement described above, multiple fastening via the shaft pipe 25 is achieved, with an oil-tight seal at the same time the shaft pipe 25 and the cylinder head cover 27 is reached.

Ein in Fig. 3 im Querschnitt hälftig dargestellter Zylinderkopf 32 ist mit einem als Bundbuchse ausgebildeten Schachtrohr 33 ausgerüstet. Dieses Schachtrohr 33 wirkt über einen Spannkopf 34 im wesentlichen unmittelbar auf den gemeinsamen Lagerdeckel 35 von in einer Querebene angeordneten Steuerwellen-Lagern 36 ein. Weiter wirkt der Spannkopf 34 stirnseitig mit einer zwischen diesem und einem Zylinderkopf-Deckel 37 angeordneten elastischen Dichtung 38 zusammen. In der vorbeschriebenen Anordnung dient das Schachtrohr 33 der Festlegung eines gemeinsamen Lagerdeckels 35 sowie eines vom Zylinderkopf 32 gesondert angeordneten Steuergehäuses 39.A cylinder head 32 shown in half in cross section in FIG. 3 is equipped with a shaft pipe 33 designed as a collar bushing. This shaft pipe 33 acts essentially directly on the common bearing cover 35 of control shaft bearings 36 arranged in a transverse plane via a clamping head 34. The end of the clamping head 34 also interacts with an elastic seal 38 arranged between the latter and a cylinder head cover 37. In the arrangement described above, the shaft pipe 33 is used to fix a common bearing cover 35 and a control housing 39 arranged separately from the cylinder head 32.

Für die Zylinderköpfe 22 und 32 der Fig. 2 und 3 gilt als gemeinsames Merkmal, daß der Schacht von zwei Schachtrohren 40 und 25 bzw. 40 und 33 gebildet ist, wobei das einem Brennraum 41 benachbart angeordnete Schachtrohr 40 im Zylinderkopf 22 bzw. 32 fixiert ist. Zur lösbaren Verbindung mit dem jeweiligen Schachtrohr 25 bzw. 33 weist das brennraumseitige Schachtrohr 40 ein Innengewinde 42 auf. Diese Anordnung von Schachtrohren aus hochfesten Eisenwerkstoffen bietet sich insbesondere bei Zylinderköpfen aus Leichtmetall an.A common feature of the cylinder heads 22 and 32 of FIGS. 2 and 3 is that the shaft is formed by two shaft pipes 40 and 25 or 40 and 33, the shaft pipe 40 arranged adjacent to a combustion chamber 41 being fixed in the cylinder head 22 and 32 is. For releasable connection to the respective shaft pipe 25 or 33, the combustion chamber-side shaft pipe 40 has an internal thread 42. This arrangement of shaft pipes made of high-strength iron materials is particularly suitable for light metal cylinder heads.

Die in den Fig. 2 und 3 beschriebenen Befestigungsanordnungen lassen sich durch die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Befestigungsanordnung ersetzen, ferner sind die in den Fig. 2 und 3 gezeigten Befestigungsanordnungen auch für eine Anordnung in dem Zylinderkopf 3 der Fig. 1 geeignet.The fastening arrangements described in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be replaced by the fastening arrangement shown in FIG. 1, furthermore the fastening arrangements shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 are also suitable for an arrangement in the cylinder head 3 of FIG. 1.

Für eine luftverdichtende Brennkraftmaschine tritt an die in Fig. 1 gezeigte Zündkerze 11 eine Einspritzdüse.For an air-compressing internal combustion engine, an injection nozzle occurs on the spark plug 11 shown in FIG. 1.

Claims (8)

1. A cylinder head and cover for internal combustion engines,
― the cylinder head being equipped with overhead gas-change valves (4, 5), and
― between the valves of a combustion chamber (18, 41) the cylinder head has a shaft (12) for receiving a device (spark plug 11, injection nozzle) connected to the combustion chamber, and
― the shaft, which is accessible via an aperture in the cover (13, 27, 37), is at least partly formed by a pipe (14, 25, 33),
― which, via an additional means, is used for securing a component releasably disposed on the cylinder head (3, 22, 32), characterised in that
― a component (camshaft bearing cover 15, 26, 35; guide -gear case 23, 39) for disposing valve-actuating elements (camshafts 6, 7; push-rod 20) in the cylinder head (3, 22, 32) is connected to the cylinder head via the shaft pipe (14, 25, 33).
2. A cylinder head according to claim 1,
comprising bearings (8, 9; 24; 36) disposed in a transverse plane for camshafts (6, 7) provided on each side of the shaft pipe (14, 25, 33)
characterised in that the shaft pipe (14, 25, 33) is for securing a common cove r (15, 26, 35) for the camshaft bearings (8, 9; 24; 36) in the transverse plane.
3. A cylinder head according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the shaft pipe (25, 33) is for securing a steering-gear case (23, 39) separate from the cylinder head (22, 32).
4. A cylinder head according to one or more of claims 1-3,
the shaft pipe (25) extending through the cover (27) and engaging the cover via an abutment (abutment collar 28) and a resilient insert (29), characterised in that
a pressure member (pressure ring 30) disposed coaxially with the insert (29) is provided between the abutment (abutment flange 28) and the common cover (26) of the camshaft bearings (24).
5. A cylinder head according to claim 4, characterised in that
the abutment is disposed on a flange (28) of a flange bushing serving as a shaft pipe (25),
the flange bushing being adapted to be connected to the cylinder head (22) by a thread (31) and
also having tool engagement surfaces in the neighbourhood of the abutment flange (28).
6. A cylinder head according to claims 1-3, characterised in that
a flange bushing serving as a shaft pipe (33) acts substantially directly, via a grip head (34), on the common cover (35) of the camshaft bearings (36), and
the end face of the grip head co-operates with a resilient seal (38) disposed between the grip head and the cover (37).
7. A cylinder head according to claims 1-3, characterised in that
the shaft pipe (14) secured in the cylinder head (3) extends at least through the common bearing cover (15) and
on the side of the bearing cover, has a thread (16) for an adjusting nut (17).
8. A cylinder head according to one or more of claims 1-7, characterised in that
the shaft is formed by two pipes (40 and 25; 40 and 33), and
the shaft pipe (40) disposed adjacent the combustion chamber (41) is secured in the cylinder head (22, 32), and
is provided with means (inner thread 42) for connection to the shaft pipe (25, 33) used for securing components.
EP89109344A 1988-06-01 1989-05-24 Cylinder head for an internal-combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0344597B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3818634 1988-06-01
DE3818634 1988-06-01

Publications (3)

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EP0344597A2 EP0344597A2 (en) 1989-12-06
EP0344597A3 EP0344597A3 (en) 1990-04-18
EP0344597B1 true EP0344597B1 (en) 1991-11-21

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ID=6355608

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89109344A Expired - Lifetime EP0344597B1 (en) 1988-06-01 1989-05-24 Cylinder head for an internal-combustion engine

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DE (1) DE58900470D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE59000071D1 (en) * 1989-04-28 1992-04-30 Volkswagen Ag INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH AT LEAST ONE CYLINDER HEAD AND A CYLINDER BLOCK.
IT1237732B (en) * 1989-12-22 1993-06-15 Fiat Auto Spa INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH COMMAND IGNITION WITH DOUBLE CAMSHAFT IN HEAD FOR VEHICLES.
DE4119594C2 (en) * 1991-06-14 1998-07-30 Audi Ag Liquid-cooled light alloy cylinder head
DE19605934C1 (en) * 1996-02-17 1997-06-12 Audi Ag Cylinder head for IC engine with direct fuel injection
JP3546753B2 (en) * 1999-04-22 2004-07-28 日産自動車株式会社 Engine cylinder head
AT16206U1 (en) * 2017-12-19 2019-03-15 Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og Cylinder head for an internal combustion engine

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3087473A (en) * 1960-11-25 1963-04-30 Curtiss Wright Corp Engine
GB1256401A (en) * 1969-05-22 1971-12-08 Rubery Owen & Co Ltd Improvements in cylinder heads for internal combustion engines
GB8332318D0 (en) * 1983-12-02 1984-01-11 Austin Rover Group Cylinder head
JPS61167145A (en) * 1985-01-19 1986-07-28 Mazda Motor Corp Cylinder-head structure of dohc multicylinder engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0344597A2 (en) 1989-12-06
DE58900470D1 (en) 1992-01-02
EP0344597A3 (en) 1990-04-18

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