EP0343191B1 - Positive keeper means for pins of earthworking tips - Google Patents
Positive keeper means for pins of earthworking tips Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0343191B1 EP0343191B1 EP19880902349 EP88902349A EP0343191B1 EP 0343191 B1 EP0343191 B1 EP 0343191B1 EP 19880902349 EP19880902349 EP 19880902349 EP 88902349 A EP88902349 A EP 88902349A EP 0343191 B1 EP0343191 B1 EP 0343191B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pin
- washer
- groove
- ring
- retaining
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
- E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
- E02F9/2808—Teeth
- E02F9/2816—Mountings therefor
- E02F9/2833—Retaining means, e.g. pins
- E02F9/2841—Retaining means, e.g. pins resilient
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to a pin retainer assembly for securing an earthworking tip to an adapter on an earthworking device and more particularly to a keeper means for positively securing the pin in the apertures in the tip and the bore in the nose of the adapter.
- Prior art retaining pins for securing an earthworking tip on its adapter have not been totally successful especially when used in combination with impact rippers.
- the retaining pins are subjected to extreme vibration resulting in breakage of the pins or the retaining mechanism becoming loose causing loss of the pin and the tip.
- U.S. Patent 3,624,827 issued to Richard K. Liess et al on November 30, 1971 discloses a retaining pin having a friction ring disposed in a deep, wide, central groove of the pin. The pin is retained in a bore defined by the adapter nose solely by friction between the ring and the bore. Although this type of pin has been successful in normal ripper and bucket tip retaining applications, the central groove materially reduces the strength of the pin and subjects it to early failure in extremely severe applications. In addition, the pin can vibrate out of the bore since it is not positively retained.
- U.S. Patent No. 3,952,433 issued to Lloyd K. Heinold, et al on April 27, 1976 and U.S. Patent No. 3,990,162 issued to Lloyd K. Heinold, et al on November 9, 1976 disclose spring clips that straddle diametrially opposite sides of the retaining pin in expanded friction engagement.
- the clips are substantially encapsulated by an elastomeric material which aids in maintaining the spring clips in frictional engagement with the pins.
- the spring clips only partially engage the pins and the pins are easily removed by the spreading of the spring clips.
- an improved earthworking device so constructed that the earthworking tip is retained on the nose of the adapter by a pin that is positively retained in aligned apertures in the earthworking tip and the bore of the adapter.
- the retaining pin is positively secured by a keeper means that is simple and economical in construction while maintaining the pin against outward axial movement during operation of the earthworking device.
- the present invention is directed to overcoming one or more of the problems as set forth above.
- GB-A-1 518 824 discloses an earthworking device according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a retaining pin and a keeper means adapted for use in an earthworking device as set forth in the characterising portion of claim 1 is provided.
- Preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.
- a pin retainer assembly includes a pin having an outer peripheral surface with an annular groove defined in the outer peripheral surface thereof, a washer slideably disposed on the pin and having an annular groove defined in an inner peripheral surface, and a resilent retaining ring which when assembled is disposed in locking engagement within the groove on the pin and the groove in the washer.
- the retaining ring has a cross section with a predetermined radial thickness and one of the grooves in the pin and washer has a depth equal to or greater than the predetermined radial thickness of the retaining ring.
- an earthworking device in another aspect of the present invention, includes an adapter having a nose defining a transverse bore and a earthworking tip telescopically mounted on the nose and having a pair of spaced apart side walls and a pair of axially aligned holes in the sidewalls.
- the bore in the nose of the adapter and the holes in the sidewalls of the tip are substantially axially aligned.
- a recess is formed in the nose or the tip and is in axial alignment with the bore and the holes.
- a retaining pin having a groove disposed adjacent one end is slidably disposed in the aligned bore and the holes for retaining the tip on the adapter.
- a keeper means for securing the pin in the bore is located in the recess and captured between the adapter and a sidewall of the tip and includes a metallic washer having an inside surface defining a bore and a groove opening into the bore.
- a resilient retaining ring having a cross-section of a predetermined radial thickness is provided and is captured in one of the grooves in the pin and the washer and adapted to permit slidable insertion of the pin in the bores and the holes for locking engagement of the retaining ring with the other of the grooves.
- One of the grooves in the pin and the washer has a depth equal to or greater than the predetermined radial thickness of the retaining ring and the other of the grooves has a depth and configuration sufficient to prevent camming of the ring out of the groove.
- the retaining ring and washer being of a configuration sufficient to permit shearing of the retaining ring or fracture of the washer during disassembly.
- an earthworking device 10 comprising a support member or adapter 12 having a tip 14 detachably mounted by a pin retainer assembly 15 on a forward end or nose 16 thereof.
- the pin retainer assembly 15 includes a cylindrical pin 17 which has an outer peripheral surface 20 and an annular groove 21 defined therein. A pair of beveled surfaces 18 and 19 are provided at the intersection of the outer peripheral surface 20 with the ends of the pin 17.
- the nose 16, preferably of wedge shape, defines a transverse bore 22 and a pair of forwardly converging lateral sidewalls 24 and 26. It is noted that in some adapters 12, the sidewalls 24 and 26 may not be forwardly converging but be substantially parallel.
- a recess 28 having an end wall 29 is formed in the lateral sidewall 24 of the nose 16 and in concentric relationship with the bore 22.
- a wedge-shaped socket 30 is formed in the tip 14 to accommodate the like-shaped nose 16 of the adapter 12.
- the nose preferably terminates at its apex defined by a surface 32 adapted to at least partially abut a surface 34 formed at the apex of recess 30 in the tip 14.
- the tip 14 has a pair of forwardly converging spaced sidewalls 36 and 38 and a pair of laterally aligned holes 39 and 40 defined by peripheral surfaces 41 and 42.
- the sidewalls 36 and 38 are normally designed to conform generally to the sidewalls 24 and 26 of the nose 16.
- the holes 39 and 40 straddle bore 22 in the nose 16 and are in substantially axially alignment therewith.
- the pin retainer assembly 15 also includes a keeper means 44 mounted in the recess 28 formed in the lateral wall 24 of the nose 16 for securing the pin 17 in the bore 22 of nose 16. It is recognized that the recess 28 could equally be formed in lateral sidewall 26 of the nose 16 or in either of the sidewalls 36 or 38 of the tip without departing from the subject invention.
- the keeper means 44 includes a washer 46 having an inside surface 47 defining a bore 48 with a radial annular groove 50 defined in the washer and opening into the bore.
- the washer 46 is preferably made of metallic material or any other suitable material.
- the washer 46 further has a flat inner side surface 52 adjacent the end wall 29 of the counterbore 28 and a frusto-conical outer side surface 54 adjacent the sidewall 36 of the tip 14. It should be recognized that a similar outer frusto-conical surface could be on the opposite side of the washer 46 without departing from the essence of the subject invention.
- the groove 50 of the washer 46 has a pair of generally parallel sidewalls 56 and 58 and a bottom surface 60 spaced from the bore 48 defining a predetermined depth A for the groove.
- the groove 21 in the pin 17 has a pair of generally parallel sidewalls 62 and 64 and a bottom surface 66 spaced from the outer peripheral surface 20 of the pin 17 defining a predetermined depth B for the groove.
- the keeper means 44 also includes a metallic split resilient retaining ring 68.
- the retaining ring 68 has a cross-section that is generally rectangular with a pair of generally parallel sidewalls 70 and 72 defining a predetermined width C and a pair of generally parallel inner and outer surfaces 74 and 76 defining a predetermined radial thickness D.
- the ring 68 is slidably captured in the groove 50 of the washer 46.
- the ring 68 may be composed of a conventional spring steel or like material which exhibits the desired resiliency, hardness and spring back capabilities required for pin retention purposes.
- the pin 17 in the assembled position is slidably disposed within the bore 22 of the nose 16, the bore 48 of the washer 46 and extends substantially through the holes 39 and 40 of the sidewalls 36 and 38 of the tip 14.
- the ring 68 is disposed in locking engagement with the groove 21 of the pin 17 and the groove 50 in the washer 46.
- the depth A of groove 50 in the washer 46 has depth A is equal to or greater than the predetermined radial thickness D of the ring 68.
- the predetermined depth B of the groove 21 in the pin 17 is generally equal to one-half of the predetermined radial thickness D of the ring 68.
- FIG. 5 an alternate embodiment of the present invention is illustrated and includes a split resilient retaining ring 78 having a cross-section that is generally circular with a predetermined radial thickness E.
- the ring 78 is slidably captured in the groove 50 of the washer 46.
- a bottom surface 80 of the groove 50, spaced from the bore 48, has a profile generally corresponding to the ciruclar cross-section of the ring 78 and defines a depth F for the groove.
- the groove 21 in the pin 17 has a root profile 82 generally corresponding to the circular cross-section of the ring 78 and defines a predetermined depth G for the groove.
- the ring 78 is disposed in locking engagement with the groove 21 of the pin 17 and the groove 50 in the washer 46.
- bottom surface 80 of groove 50 and the profile 82 of groove 21 in pin 17 need not correspond exactly to the circular cross-section of the ring 78 and may in fact be like that shown in Fig. 4.
- the depth F of groove 50 in the washer 46 is equal to or greater than the predetermined radial thickness E of ring 78 and the predetermined depth G of the groove 21 in the pin 17 is generally equal to one-half of the predetermined radial thickness E of the ring 78.
- the groove 21 in the pin 17 has a depth H preferably equal to or greater than the predetermined radial thickness D of the ring 68.
- the ring 68 is slidably captured in the groove 21 of the pin 17.
- the radial annular groove 50 in washer 46 preferably has a depth J generally equal to one-half of the radial thickness D of the ring 68.
- a pair of beveled surfaces 84 and 86 are provided at the intersection of the bore 48 and the side surfaces 52 and 54 of the washer 46. The beveled surfaces 84 and 86 are dimensioned to provide a camming function to compress ring 68 into groove 21 during assembly.
- split resilient ring 78 having a cross-section that is generally circular could be slidably captured in the groove 21.
- the earthworking device 10 of the present invention is particularly adaptable for positive retention of earthworking tips or teeth detachably mounted on support adapters and may be equally useful for the retention of tips used on trenchers or on the cutting edge of a loader bucket. Because the tips and the pins are subjected to extreme bending, twisting and vibration it is extremely difficult to providing positive pin retention while still allowing periodic replacement.
- the keeper means 44 is initially placed in recess 28 and the tip 14 is telescopically mounted on the nose 16 of the adapter 12. This captures keeper means 44 between the end wall 29 of the recess 28 and the sidewall 36 of the tip 24.
- the flat inner surface 52 of the washer 46 is positioned adjacent the end wall 29 of the recess with conical outer side surface 54 adjacent the sidewall 36 of the tip.
- Pin 17 is then driven manually, by a sledge hammer or the like, through the aligned holes 39 and 40 in the tip 14, the bore 22 in the nose 16 of adapter 12 and the bore 48 in the washer 46 of the keeper means 44.
- the ring 68 has a cross-section that is generally rectangular with generally paralled sidewalls 70 and 72 that engage the generally parallel sidewalls 56 and 58 of the groove 50 in the washer 46 and the generally parallel sidewalls 62 and 64 of the groove 21 in the pin 17.
- approximately one-half of the predetermined thickness D of the ring 68 is located in the groove 21 of the pin 17 and approximately one-half is located in the groove 50 of the washer 56. It is recognized that the groove 21 in the pin 17 need only have a depth B sufficient to prevent camming of the ring 68 out of the groove 21.
- any axial force on the end of the pin 17, during operation of the earthworking device 10, trying to dislodge the pin 17 from the bore 48 of the captured washer 46 is resisted by the ring 68 overlapping the grooves 21 and 50 with the maximum section thickness C of the ring 68 being in shear.
- a force In order to disassembly the pin 17 from the bore 22 of the nose 16 for periodic replacement of the tip 14, a force must be applied on the end of the pin by a sledge hammer or the like sufficient to physically shear the ring 68 at the interface of the grooves 21 and 50 or alternately to cause fracture of the washer 46. It is recognized that the amount of force to shear the ring 46 or the fracture of the washer 46 can be changed or controlled by changing either the cross-section of the ring or washer that is in shear, the type of material and/or the heat treatment of the elements. In one working example, the force necessary to cause the retaining ring 68 to shear is in the range of 143 - 257 kN (32,200 - 57,700 lbs.). This being based on having a section thickness C in shear of approximately 3.0 mm (.118 inches).
- Fig. 5 discloses a split resilient retaining ring 78 having a generally circular cross-section with approximately one-half of the predetermined radial thickness E of the ring located in the groove 50 of he washer 46 and approximately one-half located in the groove 21 of the pin 17 to prevent camming of the ring 78 out of the grooves 21 and 50.
- any axial force on the end of the pin 17 trying to dislodge the pin from the bore 48 of washer 46 is resisted by the ring 78 overlapping the grooves 21 and 50 places the maximum radial section thickness E of the ring in shear.
- the ring 68 is slidably captured in the groove 21 of the pin 17.
- the depth H of the groove 21 is equal to or greater than the predetermined radial thickness D of the ring 68 and the depth J of the groove 50 in the washer 46 is equal to one-half the radial thickness D of the ring 68.
- approximately one-half of the predetermined thickness D of the ring is located in the groove 21 of the pin 17 and approximately one-half is located in the groove 50 of the washer 46.
- the groove 50 in the washer 46 need only have a depth H sufficient to prevent camming of the ring 68 out of the groove 50.
- the subject invention provides a means for postively retaining the earthworking tip 14 on the adapter 12.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)
- Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)
- Holders For Apparel And Elements Relating To Apparel (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates generally to a pin retainer assembly for securing an earthworking tip to an adapter on an earthworking device and more particularly to a keeper means for positively securing the pin in the apertures in the tip and the bore in the nose of the adapter.
- Replaceable earthworking tips or teeth commonly used on rippers, loader buckets and trenchers must be positively secured in place on their support adapters and yet be capable of quick removal for replacement purposes. In addition to the monetary value of the tip that is lost, the loss of the tip will subject the adapter to damage requiring time consuming expensive repairs and/or replacement. Loss of the tip, when used in conjunction with rock crushing equipment, causes severe damage to the equipment should it become digested or jammed therein.
- Prior art retaining pins for securing an earthworking tip on its adapter have not been totally successful especially when used in combination with impact rippers. In such application, the retaining pins are subjected to extreme vibration resulting in breakage of the pins or the retaining mechanism becoming loose causing loss of the pin and the tip.
- Typically, retaining devices have been employed which relies on friction between mating surfaces for retention. U.S. Patent 3,624,827 issued to Richard K. Liess et al on November 30, 1971 discloses a retaining pin having a friction ring disposed in a deep, wide, central groove of the pin. The pin is retained in a bore defined by the adapter nose solely by friction between the ring and the bore. Although this type of pin has been successful in normal ripper and bucket tip retaining applications, the central groove materially reduces the strength of the pin and subjects it to early failure in extremely severe applications. In addition, the pin can vibrate out of the bore since it is not positively retained.
- U.S. Patent 3,959,901 issued to Gene R. Klett on June 1, 1976 discloses another friction type retaining device in which the pin is retained solely by frictional engagement of the retaining pin with a lock ring. As before, vibration allows the pin to work its way loose resulting in loss of the pin and the separation of the tip from the adapter.
- U.S. Patent No. 3,952,433 issued to Lloyd K. Heinold, et al on April 27, 1976 and U.S. Patent No. 3,990,162 issued to Lloyd K. Heinold, et al on November 9, 1976 disclose spring clips that straddle diametrially opposite sides of the retaining pin in expanded friction engagement. The clips are substantially encapsulated by an elastomeric material which aids in maintaining the spring clips in frictional engagement with the pins. Undesirably, the spring clips only partially engage the pins and the pins are easily removed by the spreading of the spring clips.
- Accordingly, an improved earthworking device is provided so constructed that the earthworking tip is retained on the nose of the adapter by a pin that is positively retained in aligned apertures in the earthworking tip and the bore of the adapter. Preferably, the retaining pin is positively secured by a keeper means that is simple and economical in construction while maintaining the pin against outward axial movement during operation of the earthworking device.
- The present invention is directed to overcoming one or more of the problems as set forth above.
- GB-A-1 518 824 discloses an earthworking device according to the preamble of claim 1.
- In accordance with the present invention a retaining pin and a keeper means adapted for use in an earthworking device as set forth in the characterising portion of claim 1 is provided. Preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.
- Specifically, in one aspect of the present invention a pin retainer assembly is provided. The pin retainer assembly includes a pin having an outer peripheral surface with an annular groove defined in the outer peripheral surface thereof, a washer slideably disposed on the pin and having an annular groove defined in an inner peripheral surface, and a resilent retaining ring which when assembled is disposed in locking engagement within the groove on the pin and the groove in the washer. The retaining ring has a cross section with a predetermined radial thickness and one of the grooves in the pin and washer has a depth equal to or greater than the predetermined radial thickness of the retaining ring.
- In another aspect of the present invention, an earthworking device includes an adapter having a nose defining a transverse bore and a earthworking tip telescopically mounted on the nose and having a pair of spaced apart side walls and a pair of axially aligned holes in the sidewalls. The bore in the nose of the adapter and the holes in the sidewalls of the tip are substantially axially aligned. A recess is formed in the nose or the tip and is in axial alignment with the bore and the holes. A retaining pin having a groove disposed adjacent one end is slidably disposed in the aligned bore and the holes for retaining the tip on the adapter. A keeper means for securing the pin in the bore is located in the recess and captured between the adapter and a sidewall of the tip and includes a metallic washer having an inside surface defining a bore and a groove opening into the bore. A resilient retaining ring having a cross-section of a predetermined radial thickness is provided and is captured in one of the grooves in the pin and the washer and adapted to permit slidable insertion of the pin in the bores and the holes for locking engagement of the retaining ring with the other of the grooves. One of the grooves in the pin and the washer has a depth equal to or greater than the predetermined radial thickness of the retaining ring and the other of the grooves has a depth and configuration sufficient to prevent camming of the ring out of the groove. The retaining ring and washer being of a configuration sufficient to permit shearing of the retaining ring or fracture of the washer during disassembly.
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- Fig. 1 is an exploded isometric view of an earthworking device comprising an earthworking tip retained on the nose of an adapter by a retaining pin and a keeper means of the present invention;
- Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an assembled earthworking device;
- Fig. 3 is an enlarged partial sectional view taken in the direction of arrows III-III in Fig. 2;
- Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the resilient retaining ring located in the groove of the pin and the groove of the washer;
- Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an alternate embodiment of the resilient retaining ring; and
- Fig. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an alternate embodiment of the subject invention.
- Referring to Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 an
earthworking device 10 comprising a support member oradapter 12 having atip 14 detachably mounted by apin retainer assembly 15 on a forward end ornose 16 thereof. Thepin retainer assembly 15 includes acylindrical pin 17 which has an outerperipheral surface 20 and anannular groove 21 defined therein. A pair ofbeveled surfaces peripheral surface 20 with the ends of thepin 17. Thenose 16, preferably of wedge shape, defines atransverse bore 22 and a pair of forwardly converginglateral sidewalls adapters 12, thesidewalls recess 28 having anend wall 29 is formed in thelateral sidewall 24 of thenose 16 and in concentric relationship with thebore 22. - A wedge-
shaped socket 30 is formed in thetip 14 to accommodate the like-shaped nose 16 of theadapter 12. The nose preferably terminates at its apex defined by asurface 32 adapted to at least partially abut asurface 34 formed at the apex ofrecess 30 in thetip 14. - The
tip 14 has a pair of forwardly converging spacedsidewalls holes peripheral surfaces sidewalls sidewalls nose 16. Theholes nose 16 and are in substantially axially alignment therewith. - As best shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the
pin retainer assembly 15 also includes a keeper means 44 mounted in therecess 28 formed in thelateral wall 24 of thenose 16 for securing thepin 17 in thebore 22 ofnose 16. It is recognized that therecess 28 could equally be formed inlateral sidewall 26 of thenose 16 or in either of thesidewalls - The keeper means 44 includes a
washer 46 having aninside surface 47 defining abore 48 with a radialannular groove 50 defined in the washer and opening into the bore. Thewasher 46 is preferably made of metallic material or any other suitable material. Thewasher 46 further has a flatinner side surface 52 adjacent theend wall 29 of thecounterbore 28 and a frusto-conicalouter side surface 54 adjacent thesidewall 36 of thetip 14. It should be recognized that a similar outer frusto-conical surface could be on the opposite side of thewasher 46 without departing from the essence of the subject invention. - As best shown in Fig. 4, the
groove 50 of thewasher 46 has a pair of generallyparallel sidewalls bore 48 defining a predetermined depth A for the groove. - The
groove 21 in thepin 17 has a pair of generallyparallel sidewalls bottom surface 66 spaced from the outerperipheral surface 20 of thepin 17 defining a predetermined depth B for the groove. - The keeper means 44 also includes a metallic split
resilient retaining ring 68. Theretaining ring 68 has a cross-section that is generally rectangular with a pair of generallyparallel sidewalls outer surfaces ring 68 is slidably captured in thegroove 50 of thewasher 46. Thering 68 may be composed of a conventional spring steel or like material which exhibits the desired resiliency, hardness and spring back capabilities required for pin retention purposes. - The
pin 17 in the assembled position is slidably disposed within thebore 22 of thenose 16, thebore 48 of thewasher 46 and extends substantially through theholes sidewalls tip 14. Thering 68 is disposed in locking engagement with thegroove 21 of thepin 17 and thegroove 50 in thewasher 46. - Preferably, the depth A of
groove 50 in thewasher 46 has depth A is equal to or greater than the predetermined radial thickness D of thering 68. The predetermined depth B of thegroove 21 in thepin 17 is generally equal to one-half of the predetermined radial thickness D of thering 68. - Referring now to Fig. 5, an alternate embodiment of the present invention is illustrated and includes a split
resilient retaining ring 78 having a cross-section that is generally circular with a predetermined radial thickness E. - The
ring 78 is slidably captured in thegroove 50 of thewasher 46. Abottom surface 80 of thegroove 50, spaced from thebore 48, has a profile generally corresponding to the ciruclar cross-section of thering 78 and defines a depth F for the groove. - The
groove 21 in thepin 17 has aroot profile 82 generally corresponding to the circular cross-section of thering 78 and defines a predetermined depth G for the groove. - The
ring 78 is disposed in locking engagement with thegroove 21 of thepin 17 and thegroove 50 in thewasher 46. - It is recognized that the
bottom surface 80 ofgroove 50 and theprofile 82 ofgroove 21 inpin 17 need not correspond exactly to the circular cross-section of thering 78 and may in fact be like that shown in Fig. 4. - Preferably, the depth F of
groove 50 in thewasher 46 is equal to or greater than the predetermined radial thickness E ofring 78 and the predetermined depth G of thegroove 21 in thepin 17 is generally equal to one-half of the predetermined radial thickness E of thering 78. - Referring now to Fig. 6, another alternate embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. The
groove 21 in thepin 17 has a depth H preferably equal to or greater than the predetermined radial thickness D of thering 68. Thering 68 is slidably captured in thegroove 21 of thepin 17. The radialannular groove 50 inwasher 46 preferably has a depth J generally equal to one-half of the radial thickness D of thering 68. A pair ofbeveled surfaces 84 and 86 are provided at the intersection of thebore 48 and the side surfaces 52 and 54 of thewasher 46. The beveled surfaces 84 and 86 are dimensioned to provide a camming function to compressring 68 intogroove 21 during assembly. - It is recognized that the split
resilient ring 78 having a cross-section that is generally circular could be slidably captured in thegroove 21. - The
earthworking device 10 of the present invention is particularly adaptable for positive retention of earthworking tips or teeth detachably mounted on support adapters and may be equally useful for the retention of tips used on trenchers or on the cutting edge of a loader bucket. Because the tips and the pins are subjected to extreme bending, twisting and vibration it is extremely difficult to providing positive pin retention while still allowing periodic replacement. - In operation, referring to Fig. 1, 2, 3, and 4, the keeper means 44 is initially placed in
recess 28 and thetip 14 is telescopically mounted on thenose 16 of theadapter 12. This captures keeper means 44 between theend wall 29 of therecess 28 and thesidewall 36 of thetip 24. The flatinner surface 52 of thewasher 46 is positioned adjacent theend wall 29 of the recess with conicalouter side surface 54 adjacent thesidewall 36 of the tip.Pin 17 is then driven manually, by a sledge hammer or the like, through the alignedholes tip 14, thebore 22 in thenose 16 ofadapter 12 and thebore 48 in thewasher 46 of the keeper means 44. Driving of thepin 17 through thebore 48 of thewasher 46 expands the splitresilient retaining ring 68 outward into thegroove 50 of the washer an around thepin 17 until thegroove 21 in thepin 17 radially aligns with thegroove 50. At this point, the retainingring 68 "springs inward" engaging thegroove 21 of the pin. This positively locks thepin 17 in place and retains thetip 14 on theadapter 12. Depending upon the direction thepin 17 is driven through thebore 48, one of thebeveled surfaces te ring 68 outward intogroove 50. - In the design of Fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the
ring 68 has a cross-section that is generally rectangular with generally paralled sidewalls 70 and 72 that engage the generallyparallel sidewalls groove 50 in thewasher 46 and the generallyparallel sidewalls groove 21 in thepin 17. As shown in the figures, in the assembled position, approximately one-half of the predetermined thickness D of thering 68 is located in thegroove 21 of thepin 17 and approximately one-half is located in thegroove 50 of thewasher 56. It is recognized that thegroove 21 in thepin 17 need only have a depth B sufficient to prevent camming of thering 68 out of thegroove 21. Desirably, any axial force on the end of thepin 17, during operation of theearthworking device 10, trying to dislodge thepin 17 from thebore 48 of the capturedwasher 46 is resisted by thering 68 overlapping thegrooves ring 68 being in shear. - In order to disassembly the
pin 17 from thebore 22 of thenose 16 for periodic replacement of thetip 14, a force must be applied on the end of the pin by a sledge hammer or the like sufficient to physically shear thering 68 at the interface of thegrooves washer 46. It is recognized that the amount of force to shear thering 46 or the fracture of thewasher 46 can be changed or controlled by changing either the cross-section of the ring or washer that is in shear, the type of material and/or the heat treatment of the elements. In one working example, the force necessary to cause the retainingring 68 to shear is in the range of 143 - 257 kN (32,200 - 57,700 lbs.). This being based on having a section thickness C in shear of approximately 3.0 mm (.118 inches). - When the
pin 17 is driven towards thesidewall 36 of thetip 14, the frusto-conicalouter side surface 54 of thewasher 46 cooperates with the forwardly convergingsidewall 36 in such a manner that contact of thesurface 54 withwall 36 will be substantially towards the outerperipheral surface 20 of the pin. Thus there is less tendency of thewasher 46 to "cock" relative to thepin 17 and concentrate more of the force to shearring 68 close to the interface of thegroove washer 46 could be frusto-conical whereupon the washer could not be installed backwards. - In a manner similar to the preceeding design, Fig. 5 discloses a split
resilient retaining ring 78 having a generally circular cross-section with approximately one-half of the predetermined radial thickness E of the ring located in thegroove 50 of hewasher 46 and approximately one-half located in thegroove 21 of thepin 17 to prevent camming of thering 78 out of thegrooves pin 17 trying to dislodge the pin from thebore 48 ofwasher 46 is resisted by thering 78 overlapping thegrooves - To disassemble
pin 17 thering 78 must be sheared or thewasher 46 must be fractured. - In the alternate embodiment of Fig. 6, the
ring 68 is slidably captured in thegroove 21 of thepin 17. Preferably the depth H of thegroove 21 is equal to or greater than the predetermined radial thickness D of thering 68 and the depth J of thegroove 50 in thewasher 46 is equal to one-half the radial thickness D of thering 68. In the assembled position, approximately one-half of the predetermined thickness D of the ring is located in thegroove 21 of thepin 17 and approximately one-half is located in thegroove 50 of thewasher 46. As set forth above, it is recognized that thegroove 50 in thewasher 46 need only have a depth H sufficient to prevent camming of thering 68 out of thegroove 50. - When
pin 17 is driven manually throughbore 48 of thewasher 46, the splitresilient ring 68 is compressed intogroove 21 until thegroove 50 in thewasher 46 radially aligns with thegroove 21. At this point, the retainingring 68 "springs back" engaging thegroove 50 of thewasher 46. Depending upon the direction, thepin 17 is driven throughbore 48, one of thebeveled surfaces 84 or 86 provides a camming function to compress thering 68 into thegroove 21. - From the foregoing, it will be apparent the subject invention provides a means for postively retaining the
earthworking tip 14 on theadapter 12. - Other aspects, objects, and advantages can be obtained from a study of the drawings, the disclosure and the appended claims.
Claims (10)
- A retaining pin (17) and a keeper means (44) adapted for use in an earthworking device (10) having a nose (16) and a tip (14) telescopically mounted on the nose (16), the nose has a transverse bore (22) and laterally converging sidewalls, and the tip (14) defines a mating socket with laterally spaced apart converging sidewalls defining a pair of aligned holes therein axially aligned with the bore (22), and a recess (28) in one of the nose and the tip in axial alignment with the bore (22) and the holes, the retaining pin and the keeper means (44) comprising; the retaining pin (17) having an outer peripheral surface with an annular groove (21) defined in the outer peripheral surface; and the keeper means having a washer (46) and a resilient retaining ring (68,78), the keeper means (44) when assembled is disposed in the recess and the pin (17) is disposed in the aligned bore (22) and holes (39,40) to retain the tip (17) on the nose (16), the washer (46) being slidably disposed on the pin (17), and the ring (68,78) has a cross-section with a predetermined radial thickness, characterized by the washer (46) having an inner peripheral surface (47) with an annular groove (50) defined in the peripheral surface, the washer being metallic having a frusto-conical side surface (54) and the ring (68,78) being disposed in locking engagement within the groove on the pin and the groove in the washer, and the ring (68,78) in use, being operative in conjunction with the grooves in the pin (17) and the washer (46) to prohibit disassembly of the pin from the washer without external force being applied to the pin sufficient to shear the ring or fracture the washer (46) with one of the sides of the washer adapted for cooperation with one of the sidewalls of the nose (16) and the tip to effectively concentrate the external force close to the interface of the grooves.
- The retaining pin (17) and the keeper means (44) of claim 1 wherein said cross-section of the retaining ring (68) is generally rectangular in cross-section.
- The retaining pin (17) and the keeper means (44) of claim 1 or 2 wherein one of the grooves (21,50) in the pin (17) and washer (46) has a depth equal to or greater than the predetermined radial thickness of the retaining ring (68,78).
- The retaining pin (17) and the keeper means (44) of claim 3 wherein the other one of the grooves (21,50) has a depth equal to one half of the predetermined radial thickness of the retaining ring (68,78).
- The retaining pin (17) and the keeper means (44) of any of claims 1-4 wherein said retaining ring (68,78) has a circular cross section.
- The retaining pin (17) and the keeper means (44) of claim 1 wherein the depth of the groove (21) in the pin (17) is generally equal to one half of the predetermined radial thickness of the retaining ring (68,78) and the groove (50) in the washer (46) has a depth equal to or greater than the predetermined radial thickness of the retaining ring (68,78).
- The retaining pin (17) and the keeper means (44) of any of claims 1 to 6 wherein the resilient retaining ring (68,78) is split and circular.
- The earthworking device (10) of any of claims 1 to 4 and 6 and 7 wherein the groove (50) in the washer (46) has a pair of parallel sidewalls (56,58), the groove (21) of the pin (17) has a pair of parallel sidewalls (62,64) and the retaining ring (68,78) has a pair of parallel sidewalls (70,72) in engagement with the pair of sidewalls of the groove (21) in the pin (17) and the groove (50) in the washer (46).
- The earthworking device (10) of any of the preceding claims wherein the recess (28) is formed in the nose (16).
- An earthworking device (10) comprising a retaining pin (17) and a keeper means (44) as set forth in any of the preceding claims.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US451587A | 1987-01-20 | 1987-01-20 | |
US451687A | 1987-01-20 | 1987-01-20 | |
US4515 | 1995-09-29 | ||
US4516 | 1995-09-29 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0343191A1 EP0343191A1 (en) | 1989-11-29 |
EP0343191B1 true EP0343191B1 (en) | 1993-08-04 |
Family
ID=26673108
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19880902349 Expired - Lifetime EP0343191B1 (en) | 1987-01-20 | 1987-11-30 | Positive keeper means for pins of earthworking tips |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0343191B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2614910B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU605268B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1283939C (en) |
DE (1) | DE3786929T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2006269A6 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1988005483A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015036936A1 (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2015-03-19 | Rialca Due Di Chiolerio Paolo Giovanni | Device for securing teeth to tooth adapters of an earth-moving machine through pins |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU694806B2 (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1998-07-30 | Australian Soil Care Systems Pty. Ltd. | Overload protection mechanism |
JP4771623B2 (en) * | 2001-07-17 | 2011-09-14 | 株式会社小松製作所 | Tooth fixing structure for bucket for excavation |
US9062436B2 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2015-06-23 | Caterpillar Inc. | Implement tooth assembly with tip and adapter |
US8943717B2 (en) | 2011-10-08 | 2015-02-03 | Caterpillar Inc. | Implement tooth assembly with tip and adapter |
US9057177B2 (en) | 2011-10-08 | 2015-06-16 | Caterpillar Inc. | Implement tooth assembly with tip and adapter |
US8943716B2 (en) | 2011-10-10 | 2015-02-03 | Caterpillar Inc. | Implement tooth assembly with tip and adapter |
US9670648B2 (en) | 2015-08-10 | 2017-06-06 | Caterpillar Inc. | Replaceable tip systems for a tine |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3856359A (en) * | 1971-09-20 | 1974-12-24 | Cincinnati Mine Machinery Co | Anti-coring device for use with bit mounting means on mining, earth working and digging machines |
BR7502137A (en) * | 1974-08-05 | 1976-08-03 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | PENETRATION DEVICE ON THE LAND AND MEANS OF RETENTION |
US4096653A (en) * | 1974-10-31 | 1978-06-27 | Caterpillar Tractor Co. | Cartridge retaining means for earthworking tips |
FR2390618B1 (en) * | 1977-05-12 | 1985-11-29 | Lamouric Pol | DEVICE FOR ROTATING A TOOL IN A TOOL HOLDER |
-
1987
- 1987-11-30 AU AU13964/88A patent/AU605268B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-11-30 EP EP19880902349 patent/EP0343191B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-11-30 WO PCT/US1987/003157 patent/WO1988005483A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1987-11-30 JP JP63502360A patent/JP2614910B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-11-30 DE DE19873786929 patent/DE3786929T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1988
- 1988-01-06 CA CA000555963A patent/CA1283939C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-01-19 ES ES8800113A patent/ES2006269A6/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015036936A1 (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2015-03-19 | Rialca Due Di Chiolerio Paolo Giovanni | Device for securing teeth to tooth adapters of an earth-moving machine through pins |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2614910B2 (en) | 1997-05-28 |
WO1988005483A1 (en) | 1988-07-28 |
CA1283939C (en) | 1991-05-07 |
DE3786929T2 (en) | 1994-03-10 |
DE3786929D1 (en) | 1993-09-09 |
ES2006269A6 (en) | 1989-04-16 |
AU1396488A (en) | 1988-08-10 |
EP0343191A1 (en) | 1989-11-29 |
AU605268B2 (en) | 1991-01-10 |
JPH02502033A (en) | 1990-07-05 |
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