EP0343112A1 - Brick - Google Patents
Brick Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0343112A1 EP0343112A1 EP89810352A EP89810352A EP0343112A1 EP 0343112 A1 EP0343112 A1 EP 0343112A1 EP 89810352 A EP89810352 A EP 89810352A EP 89810352 A EP89810352 A EP 89810352A EP 0343112 A1 EP0343112 A1 EP 0343112A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- brick according
- shield
- anchor rod
- brick
- bottom wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
- E04C1/395—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra for claustra, fences, planting walls, e.g. sound-absorbing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/025—Retaining or protecting walls made up of similar modular elements stacked without mortar
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S52/00—Static structures, e.g. buildings
- Y10S52/02—Masonry lattice or openwork
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a brick for the formation of greenable embankment walls in dry construction according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
- DE-A-25 37 408 describes an embankment stone with which dry walls that can be planted can be formed.
- a slope stone consists of a front sign visible in the wall on a bottom wall and two side walls.
- the upper end face is convex and the rest of the shield is a flat front face.
- the curvature is pulled down over the side surface, the outer surfaces of the side walls being pulled back with this curvature.
- On the underside of the bottom surface there are two grooves that run parallel to the side walls.
- the inner surface of the bottom wall is continuous and forms a cross rib in the rear part.
- walls up to a few meters high can be formed because, on the one hand, the shields protrude above the side walls and thus prevent displacement to the front, and on the other hand, the floor walls with the grooves lie on the side walls, so that lateral displacement is avoided.
- the continuous floor collects water between the shield, side walls and cross rib, so that even when exposed to strong heat, the earth does not dry out and the greening plants can not wither but develop.
- embankment stones can only be used to reinforce and secure embankments up to a height of about 8 m and not for higher embankments, as are often the case today in deeper terrain, and are also not suitable for the formation of earth walls.
- 1, 2 and 3 consists of a shield 10 with a flat central part 11 and two lateral wing parts 12, 13 angled backwards.
- An anchor rod 14 is integrally formed on the back of the flat central part 11 at right angles.
- Bottom walls 15, 16 are arranged on both sides between the shield 10 and the anchor rod. These bottom walls 15, 16 are concave Domed end faces 17, 18 are provided, which run from the outer edge 19 of the wing portions 12, 13 to the side surfaces of the anchor rod 14 clinging.
- the anchor rod 14 has a through bore 20 parallel to the shield 10.
- the same bores 21, 22 are located in the wing sections 12, 13.
- the bores 21, 22 in the wing sections are elongated with the longitudinal axis approximately parallel to the flat central section 11 of the shield 10 and penetrate the bottom walls 15, 16.
- the shield 10 is provided in its middle part 11 with an upper covex curved end face 24 whose apex lies higher above the bottom surfaces 15, 16 than the upper end edges of the side wings 12, 13.
- the earth filling can be made over the floor surface of an overlying brick.
- the shield is 1.55 m wide and 0.515 m high, the length of the shield 10 and anchor rod 14 together is 1.57 m.
- Such a stone has a considerable weight. 5 by the thickness of the shield 10 in each case, by approximately 11.5 cm, the foundation must be widened by support wedges 30 and extensions 40 in order to achieve this to be able to have the uppermost bricks on a load-bearing substructure
- the support wedges 30 and the extensions 40 have essentially the same cross section as the anchor rod 14, namely wedge-shaped with increasing width downwards and with a longitudinal groove 26, 31, 41 which is the same width as the crown 25 of the anchor rod 14.
- Continuous vertical bores 20 in End region of the anchor rod 14, in the two end regions of the extension 40 and in the support wedge 30 allow mutual support by means of a reinforcement rod or the like during construction in order to prevent displacement during backfilling.
- the bottom walls 15, 16 can have a continuous opening 23, 24 near the shield 11 on both sides of the anchor rod 14. On the one hand, material and thus weight can be saved, and on the other hand, the soil above can be drained.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Optical Communication System (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
- Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Fencing (AREA)
- Retaining Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Mauerstein zur Bildung von begrünbaren Böschungsmauern in Trockenbauweise gemäss dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a brick for the formation of greenable embankment walls in dry construction according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
In der DE-A-25 37 408 ist ein Böschungsstein beschrieben, mit dem begrünbare Trockenmauern gebildet werden können. Ein solcher Böschungsstein besteht aus einem in der Mauer sichtbaren vorderen Schild auf einer Bodenwand und zwei Seitenwänden. Die obere Stirnfläche ist konvex gewölbt und im übrigen ist der Schild eine plane Frontfläche. Die Krümmung ist über die Seitenfläche hinuntergezogen, wobei die Aussenflächen der Seitenwände mit dieser Wölbung nach hinten gezogen sind. An der Unterseite der Bodenfläche sind zwei Nuten, die parallel zu den Seitenwänden verlaufen, vorhanden. Die Innenfläche der Bodenwand ist durchgehend und bildet in der hinteren Partie eine Querrippe.DE-A-25 37 408 describes an embankment stone with which dry walls that can be planted can be formed. Such a slope stone consists of a front sign visible in the wall on a bottom wall and two side walls. The upper end face is convex and the rest of the shield is a flat front face. The curvature is pulled down over the side surface, the outer surfaces of the side walls being pulled back with this curvature. On the underside of the bottom surface there are two grooves that run parallel to the side walls. The inner surface of the bottom wall is continuous and forms a cross rib in the rear part.
Mit solchen Bausteinen können Mauern bis zu einigen Metern Höhe gebildet werden, weil einerseits die Schilde über die Seitenwände hochstehen und damit eine Verschiebung nach vorn verhindern und anderseits liegen die Bodenwände mit den Nuten auf den Seitenwänden, so dass eine seitliche Verschiebung vermieden wird. Der durchgehende Boden sammelt Wasser zwischen Schild, Seitenwänden und Querrippe, so dass auch bei starker Wärmeeinstrahlung die Erde nicht eintrocknet und damit die begrünenden Pflanzen nicht verdorren sondern sich entwickeln können.With such building blocks, walls up to a few meters high can be formed because, on the one hand, the shields protrude above the side walls and thus prevent displacement to the front, and on the other hand, the floor walls with the grooves lie on the side walls, so that lateral displacement is avoided. The continuous floor collects water between the shield, side walls and cross rib, so that even when exposed to strong heat, the earth does not dry out and the greening plants can not wither but develop.
Nachteilig an diesen Böschungssteinen ist, dass sie nur zur Verstärkung und Sicherung von Böschungen bis etwa 8 m Höhe einsetzbar sind und nicht für höhere Böschungen wie sie heute oft in tieferen Geländeeinschnitten der Fall sind und sich auch nicht für die Bildung von Erdwällen eignen.A disadvantage of these embankment stones is that they can only be used to reinforce and secure embankments up to a height of about 8 m and not for higher embankments, as are often the case today in deeper terrain, and are also not suitable for the formation of earth walls.
Es ist somit eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen solchen Stein zu schaffen, mit dem auch höhere Böschungen und/oder Erdwälle errichtet werden können.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide such a stone with which higher embankments and / or earth walls can also be erected.
Erfindungsgemäss wird dies durch die Merkmale im kennzeichnenden Teil des unabhängigen Patentanspruchs erreicht.According to the invention this is achieved by the features in the characterizing part of the independent claim.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden nachfolgend beschrieben. In der Zeichnung zeigen:
- Fig. 1 einen Grundriss eines Mauersteins nach der Erfindung,
- Fig. 2 einen Seitenriss des Mauersteins nach Fig. 1 von hinten und von unten betrachtet,
- Fig. 3 eine Rückenansicht des Mauersteins nach Fig. 1,
- Fig. 4 eine Frontansicht einer Stützmauer aus Mauersteinen nach Fig. 1 mit Stütz- und Verlängerungselementen, und
- Fig. 5 eine Schnittansicht nach der Schnittlinie V-V in Fig. 4.
- 1 is a plan view of a brick according to the invention,
- 2 is a side elevation of the brick according to FIG. 1 viewed from behind and from below,
- 3 shows a rear view of the brick according to FIG. 1,
- Fig. 4 is a front view of a retaining wall made of bricks according to Fig. 1 with supporting and extension elements, and
- 5 shows a sectional view along the section line VV in FIG. 4.
Der Mauerstein gemäss Fig. 1, 2 und 3 besteht aus einem Schild 10 mit einer flachen mittleren Partie 11 und zwei seitlichen nach hinten abgewinkelten Flügelpartien 12, 13. Ein Ankerstab 14 ist rechtwinklig an die Rückseite der flachen mittleren Partie 11 einstückig angeformt. Bodenwände 15, 16 sind beidseits zwischen dem Schild 10 und dem Ankerstab angeordnet. Diese Bodenwände 15, 16 sind mit konkav gewölbten Stirnflächen 17, 18 versehen, die von der Aussenkante 19 der Flügelpartien 12, 13 ausgehend an die Seitenfächen des Ankerstabes 14 anschmiegend auslaufen.1, 2 and 3 consists of a
In seiner freien Endpartie weist der Ankerstab 14 eine durchgehende Bohrung 20 parallel zum Schild 10 auf. Gleiche Bohrungen 21, 22 befinden sich in den Flügelpartien 12, 13. In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Bohrungen 21, 22 in den Flügelpartien länglich mit der Längsachse etwa parallel zur flachen mittleren Partie 11 des Schildes 10 ausgebildet und durchdringen die Bodenwände 15, 16.In its free end part, the
Der Schild 10 ist im Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 und 3 in seiner mittleren Partie 11 mit einer oberen kovex gewölbten Stirnfläche 24 versehen deren Scheitelpunkt höher über den Bodenflächen 15. 16 liegt als die oberen Stirnkanten der Seitenflügel 12, 13. Wie aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich ist, kann damit die Erdauffüllung bis über die Bodenfläche eines darüber liegenden Mauersteins gemacht werden.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3, the
Gemäss einer ersten Versuchs-Ausführungsform solcher Mauersteine ist der Schild 1,55 m breit und 0,515 m hoch, die Länge vom Schild 10 und Ankerstab 14 zusammen ist 1,57 m. Ein solcher Stein hat ein erhebliches Gewicht. Durch die Rückversetzung gemäss Fig. 5 um jeweils die Dicke des Schildes 10, um etwa 11,5 cm muss das Fundament durch Auflagekeile 30 und Verlängerungen 40 verbreitert werden, um damit erreichen zu können, dass die obersten Mauersteine auf einem tragenden Unterbau aufliegen.According to a first test embodiment of such bricks, the shield is 1.55 m wide and 0.515 m high, the length of the
Die Auflagekeile 30 und die Verlängerungen 40 haben im wesentlichen denselben Querschnitt wie der Ankerstab 14, nämlich keilförmig mit nach unten zunehmender Breite und mit einer Längsnut 26, 31, 41 die gleich breit ist wie die Krone 25 des Ankerstabes 14. Durchgehende senkrechte Bohrungen 20 im Endbereich des Ankerstabes 14, in den beiden Endbereichen der Verlängerung 40 und im Auflagekeil 30 erlauben eine gegenseitige Halterung mittels eines Bewehrungsstabes oder dgl. während des Baus, um ein Verschieben beim Hinterfüllen zu verhindern.The
Wie eine solche Mauer mit diesen Mauersteinen aussieht, zeigen Fig. 4 und 5 in Ansicht und im Schnitt.4 and 5 show in view and in section how such a wall looks with these bricks.
Durch die Formgebung des Schildes kann eine horizontale lange gerade Linie, die bei grösseren Bauwerken störend wirken kann, vermieden werden. Eine andere Möglichkeit zur Vermeidung von solchen ausgeprägten geraden Linien wären Schattenfugen im Schild, so dass ein Bild entsteht, das eine Naturstein-Mauer imitiert.Due to the shape of the sign, a horizontal long straight line that can be disruptive in larger buildings can be avoided. Another possibility to avoid such pronounced straight lines would be shadow gaps in the shield, so that an image is created that imitates a natural stone wall.
Die Bodenwände 15, 16 können in der Nähe des Schildes 11 beidseits des Ankerstabes 14 ein durchgehende Oeffnung 23, 24 aufweisen. Einerseits kann damit Material und damit Gewicht gespart werden und anderseits kann das darüber liegende Erdreich entwässert werden.The
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT89810352T ATE65277T1 (en) | 1988-05-19 | 1989-05-12 | BRICK. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH1899/88 | 1988-05-19 | ||
CH189988 | 1988-05-19 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0343112A1 true EP0343112A1 (en) | 1989-11-23 |
EP0343112B1 EP0343112B1 (en) | 1991-07-17 |
Family
ID=4221195
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP89810352A Expired - Lifetime EP0343112B1 (en) | 1988-05-19 | 1989-05-12 | Brick |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4930283A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0343112B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0230816A (en) |
CN (1) | CN1037754A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE65277T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8902235A (en) |
DE (1) | DE58900177D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK243089A (en) |
ES (1) | ES2023529B3 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3002282T3 (en) |
NO (1) | NO892018L (en) |
PT (1) | PT90610B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA893659B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0717150A1 (en) * | 1994-12-14 | 1996-06-19 | Masu Kozokikaku Co., Ltd. | Block for a retaining wall of leaning type, retaining wall constructed with blocks therefor, and methods for the preparation and construction thereof |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5277012A (en) * | 1992-07-22 | 1994-01-11 | Woolbright Mark A | Retaining wall building block |
US5425600A (en) * | 1994-01-21 | 1995-06-20 | Gordon; Bradford C. | Drainage block feedthrough for assembly of walls constructed of specialized retaining blocks |
US5658098A (en) * | 1995-07-26 | 1997-08-19 | Hercules Manufacturing, Inc. | Polymeric retaining wall building block |
BRPI0917651A2 (en) * | 2008-08-15 | 2017-07-11 | Smart Slope Llc | RETAINING WALL SYSTEM. |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE841464C (en) * | 1949-09-07 | 1952-06-16 | Jaroslav Pokorny | Building body for supporting Schuettmaterial |
US3282054A (en) * | 1964-04-01 | 1966-11-01 | Saginor Irving | Block structure for retaining walls |
DE2537408A1 (en) * | 1974-09-19 | 1976-04-01 | Pichler & Co Rudolf | BOESCHUNGSTEIN FOR THE CREATION OF PLANTABLE RETAINING WALLS |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5697613A (en) * | 1980-07-07 | 1981-08-06 | Masaya Nagashima | Fitting metals for shaped steel |
US4426176A (en) * | 1981-08-10 | 1984-01-17 | Tokuyama Soda Co., Ltd. | L-Shaped concrete block and method for constructing a retaining wall by such L-shaped concrete blocks |
DE3317633A1 (en) * | 1983-05-14 | 1984-11-15 | Helmut 7015 Korntal Karle | Wall element |
JPS615405U (en) * | 1984-06-15 | 1986-01-13 | 東北金属工業株式会社 | Split display type magnetic orientation device |
JPS60192030A (en) * | 1985-01-25 | 1985-09-30 | Akamine Yuko | Terraced block for reinforced concrete retaining wall |
US4684294A (en) * | 1986-01-15 | 1987-08-04 | Neill Raymond J O | Retaining wall construction element |
-
1989
- 1989-05-12 EP EP89810352A patent/EP0343112B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-12 AT AT89810352T patent/ATE65277T1/en active
- 1989-05-12 BR BR898902235A patent/BR8902235A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-05-12 DE DE8989810352T patent/DE58900177D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-05-12 ES ES89810352T patent/ES2023529B3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-05-16 ZA ZA893659A patent/ZA893659B/en unknown
- 1989-05-18 DK DK243089A patent/DK243089A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-05-18 PT PT90610A patent/PT90610B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-05-18 CN CN89103292A patent/CN1037754A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-05-19 JP JP1124660A patent/JPH0230816A/en active Pending
- 1989-05-19 US US07/354,541 patent/US4930283A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-05-19 NO NO89892018A patent/NO892018L/en unknown
-
1991
- 1991-07-19 GR GR91401057T patent/GR3002282T3/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE841464C (en) * | 1949-09-07 | 1952-06-16 | Jaroslav Pokorny | Building body for supporting Schuettmaterial |
US3282054A (en) * | 1964-04-01 | 1966-11-01 | Saginor Irving | Block structure for retaining walls |
DE2537408A1 (en) * | 1974-09-19 | 1976-04-01 | Pichler & Co Rudolf | BOESCHUNGSTEIN FOR THE CREATION OF PLANTABLE RETAINING WALLS |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0717150A1 (en) * | 1994-12-14 | 1996-06-19 | Masu Kozokikaku Co., Ltd. | Block for a retaining wall of leaning type, retaining wall constructed with blocks therefor, and methods for the preparation and construction thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0343112B1 (en) | 1991-07-17 |
GR3002282T3 (en) | 1992-12-30 |
CN1037754A (en) | 1989-12-06 |
NO892018L (en) | 1989-11-20 |
DK243089D0 (en) | 1989-05-18 |
ATE65277T1 (en) | 1991-08-15 |
ES2023529B3 (en) | 1992-01-16 |
DE58900177D1 (en) | 1991-08-22 |
US4930283A (en) | 1990-06-05 |
ZA893659B (en) | 1990-01-31 |
PT90610A (en) | 1989-11-30 |
DK243089A (en) | 1989-11-20 |
PT90610B (en) | 1994-05-31 |
JPH0230816A (en) | 1990-02-01 |
NO892018D0 (en) | 1989-05-19 |
BR8902235A (en) | 1990-01-09 |
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