EP0334270A1 - Microwave matching arrangement for a waveguide-to-planar line transition - Google Patents

Microwave matching arrangement for a waveguide-to-planar line transition Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0334270A1
EP0334270A1 EP89104976A EP89104976A EP0334270A1 EP 0334270 A1 EP0334270 A1 EP 0334270A1 EP 89104976 A EP89104976 A EP 89104976A EP 89104976 A EP89104976 A EP 89104976A EP 0334270 A1 EP0334270 A1 EP 0334270A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
line
core
substrate
waveguide
planar line
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Granted
Application number
EP89104976A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0334270B1 (en
Inventor
Mustafa Gurgan
Patrick Menuge
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Alcatel CIT SA
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Alcatel Thomson Faisceaux Hertziens SA
Alcatel Telspace SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/04—Coupling devices of the waveguide type with variable factor of coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
    • H01P5/10—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced lines or devices with unbalanced lines or devices
    • H01P5/107—Hollow-waveguide/strip-line transitions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a microwave adjustment device for a waveguide-planar line transition.
  • the invention consists in producing a structure which allows adaptation or adjustment of the impedance of the planar lines in which it is necessary to cross the substrate at the entrance.
  • the device of the invention is useful in all fields of high frequencies, in particular in microwaves and in microstrip technology ("microstrip").
  • the object of the invention is to allow such an embodiment.
  • the invention therefore proposes a microwave adjustment device for a waveguide-planar line transition, comprising an intermediate coaxial guide, characterized in that the coaxial guide comprises a core which at its first end opens into the guide. wave ending with an antenna, and which at its second end passes through the substrate on which the planar line is arranged, in that a curved metal strip is, at a first end, secured to the second end of this core, and in what a screw presses on the second end of said ribbon so as to play on its spacing with said line.
  • the invention provides a solution to the problems of adaptation to the coaxial guide-planar line input by introducing very low losses (losses of less than 0.4 dB in the Ku band; reflection below -20dB).
  • the waveguide is a rectangular guide; the core, arranged parallel to two sides of this guide, crossing the substrate perpendicular to its two faces; the substrate, metallized on its face opposite to that on which the line is arranged, comprises a demetallized zone at the location of the passage of the core; the coaxial guide is formed of two successive parts: the part closest to the planar line having the air as a dielectric; a shield is placed on the side of the substrate on which the planar line is arranged, the screw, made of insulating material, being integral with this shield.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to switch from one propagation mode to another propagation mode while retaining the best ROS (Standing wave ratio), which makes it possible to have a very good noise factor over a very wide range. band for example from 10.7 GHz to 12.75 GHz, for applications to preamplifiers.
  • ROS Standing wave ratio
  • the device as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, allows a transition to be made between a waveguide 11 and a planar line 10, for example a microstrip, by means of a coaxial guide 12.
  • the waveguide 11 is here produced by a rectangular cavity 13 produced in a housing 14.
  • the planar line 10 is produced using a substrate 15, the first face of which is metallized 16 and the second face 17 of which carries the line 18 carrying the signal, a shield 19 being placed above this line.
  • the coaxial guide 12 is produced by a metallic core 20 successively passing through the dielectric strip 22, and a free zone 21 to thereby form an air coaxial.
  • This core 20 parallel to the faces lateral of the cavity 13 of the waveguide 11, ends at a first end by a metallic antenna 23 disposed in said cavity 13; At its second end, this core 20 crosses the substrate 15 perpendicular to its faces.
  • the antenna 23, the core 20, the dielectric 22 constitute a waveguide-coaxial guide transition with conventional electrical coupling: this could just as easily be a transition with magnetic coupling.
  • the diameter of the core 20 may not be uniform over its entire length:
  • the part of the core located between the points A and B is an air coaxial guide, which prevents the dielectric 22 from pressing on the substrate 15 in deforming it during production and which, by its dimensions, makes it possible to reduce the influence of the dielectric-air discontinuity.
  • the length AB can also be variable.
  • the first face 16 of the substrate 15 is demetallized over a zone 25 in the form of a circle which appears in particular in FIG. 2.
  • the core 20 of the coaxial 12 is welded to the second face of the metallized substrate 15.
  • the core 20 exceeds by a certain length 1 (1 ⁇ ⁇ / 4) the second face 17 of the metallized substrate 15. ( ⁇ being the wavelength guided in the line).
  • this strip 26 On the second end D of this strip 26 is bonded or welded the end of a non-conductive screw 27 making it possible to adjust the difference S between the printed line 18 and the conductive line 26.
  • the shield 19 makes it possible to reduce the losses by radiation.
  • Two stubs 28 arranged on the side of the line 18 make it possible to refine the adjustment.
  • the losses are low; as shown in FIG. 3, they are between -22 dB and -25 dB: Said device allows, in fact, a gradual transition of the field in TEM mode from the coaxial guide 12 to that quasi-TEM of the planar line 10 orthogonal to the first because of the geometry chosen, by performing both electrical and magnetic coupling.
  • the low loss characteristics make the invention particularly advantageous for being used at the input of low noise amplifiers.
  • the invention has an additional advantage because the flexibility of adjustment makes it possible to have very varied impedances; which makes it particularly easy to obtain the optimum source impedance for the minimum noise.
  • etching dispersions of the circuit 10 or the mechanical tolerances are also compensated without introducing additional losses.

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Abstract

Microwave matching arrangement for a waveguide (11)-planar line (10) transition comprising an intermediate coaxial guide (12), in which the coaxial guide comprises a core (20) which, at its first end, opens into the waveguide, terminating in an antenna (23), and which, at its second end, passes through the substrate (15) on which the planar line is arranged, in that a curved metal strip (26) is, at a first end, integral with the second end of this core (20), and a screw (27) is integral with the second end of the said strip (26) so as to play on its separation (s) from the said line (18). <??>Application in particular to radio telecommunications. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne un dispositif hyperfréquence de réglage pour une transition guide d'onde-ligne planaire.The invention relates to a microwave adjustment device for a waveguide-planar line transition.

L'invention consiste en la réalisation d'une structure qui permet une adaptation ou réglage d'impédance des lignes planaires dans laquelle il est nécessaire de traverser le substrat à l'entrée.The invention consists in producing a structure which allows adaptation or adjustment of the impedance of the planar lines in which it is necessary to cross the substrate at the entrance.

Le dispositif de l'invention est utile dans tous les domaines des fréquences élevées notamment en micro-ondes et en technologie microruban ("microstrip").The device of the invention is useful in all fields of high frequencies, in particular in microwaves and in microstrip technology ("microstrip").

En effet, dans le processus d'émission ou réception de signaux micro-ondes il est souvent nécessaire de passer d'un guide d'onde à une ligne planaire, par exemple un microruban. Cela se fait classiquement à travers un guide coaxial dont l'âme est prolongée par une antenne pour réaliser un couplage électrique (placé parallèlement au champ électrique TE₁₀ du guide rectangulaire ou TE₁₁ du guide circulaire) ou par une boucle à couplage magnétique placé sur le côté étroit du guide ; l'autre extrémité de l'âme se trouvant perpendiculaire à une face du substrat sur lequel elle est soudée. En effet dans les dispositifs où se trouvent simultanément émission et réception, ou deux ondes à polarisation orthogonales coexistantes, la traversée du substrat peut être nécessaire à cause des contraintes de réalisation mécanique.Indeed, in the process of transmitting or receiving microwave signals it is often necessary to pass from a waveguide to a planar line, for example a microstrip. This is conventionally done through a coaxial guide whose core is extended by an antenna to perform an electrical coupling (placed parallel to the electric field TE₁₀ of the rectangular guide or TE₁₁ of the circular guide) or by a magnetic coupling loop placed on the side narrow guide; the other end of the core being perpendicular to a face of the substrate on which it is welded. In fact, in the devices where transmission and reception are simultaneously located, or two coexisting orthogonal polarization waves, crossing the substrate may be necessary because of the constraints of mechanical production.

L'invention a pour objet de permettre une telle réalisation.The object of the invention is to allow such an embodiment.

L'invention propose, donc, un dispositif hyperfréquence de réglage pour une transition guide d'onde-ligne planaire, comprenant un guide coaxial intermédiaire, caractérisé en ce que le guide coaxial comprend une âme qui en sa première extrémité débouche dans le guide d'onde en terminant par une antenne, et qui en sa deuxième extrémité traverse le substrat sur lequel est disposée la ligne planaire, en ce qu'un ruban métallique courbé est, en une première extrémité, solidarisé de la deuxième extrémité de cette âme, et en ce qu'une vis appuie sur la deuxième extrémité dudit ruban de manière à jouer sur son écartement avec ladite ligne.The invention therefore proposes a microwave adjustment device for a waveguide-planar line transition, comprising an intermediate coaxial guide, characterized in that the coaxial guide comprises a core which at its first end opens into the guide. wave ending with an antenna, and which at its second end passes through the substrate on which the planar line is arranged, in that a curved metal strip is, at a first end, secured to the second end of this core, and in what a screw presses on the second end of said ribbon so as to play on its spacing with said line.

L'invention apporte une solution aux problèmes d'adaptation à l'entrée guide coaxial-ligne planaire en introduisant de très faibles pertes (pertes inférieures à 0,4 dB dans la bande Ku ; pertes de réflexion inférieures à -20dB).The invention provides a solution to the problems of adaptation to the coaxial guide-planar line input by introducing very low losses (losses of less than 0.4 dB in the Ku band; reflection below -20dB).

Avantageusement, le guide d'onde est un guide rectangulaire ; l'âme, disposée parallèlement à deux côtés de ce guide, traversant le substrat perpendiculairement à ses deux faces ; le substrat, métallisé sur sa face opposée à celle sur laquelle est disposée la ligne, comporte une zone démétallisée à l'endroit du passage de l'âme ; le guide coaxial est formé de deux parties successives : la partie la plus proche de la ligne planaire ayant l'air comme diélectrique ; un blindage est placé du côté du substrat sur lequel est disposée la ligne planaire, la vis, en matériau isolant, étant solidaire de ce blindage.Advantageously, the waveguide is a rectangular guide; the core, arranged parallel to two sides of this guide, crossing the substrate perpendicular to its two faces; the substrate, metallized on its face opposite to that on which the line is arranged, comprises a demetallized zone at the location of the passage of the core; the coaxial guide is formed of two successive parts: the part closest to the planar line having the air as a dielectric; a shield is placed on the side of the substrate on which the planar line is arranged, the screw, made of insulating material, being integral with this shield.

Le dispositif selon l'invention permet de passer d'un mode de propagation à un autre mode de propagation en conservant le meilleur ROS (Rapport d'onde stationnaire), ce qui permet d'avoir un très bon facteur de bruit sur une très large bande par exemple de 10,7 GHz à 12,75 GHz, pour les applications aux préamplificateurs.The device according to the invention makes it possible to switch from one propagation mode to another propagation mode while retaining the best ROS (Standing wave ratio), which makes it possible to have a very good noise factor over a very wide range. band for example from 10.7 GHz to 12.75 GHz, for applications to preamplifiers.

Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront d'ailleurs de la description qui va suivre, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées sur lesquelles :

  • - la figure 1 représente schématiquement le dispositif selon l'invention ;
  • - la figure 2 représente une vue en coupe du dispositif de l'invention selon le plan II-II de la figure 1 ;
  • - la figure 3 représente une courbe illustrant le fonctionnement du dispositif selon l'invention.
The characteristics and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which follows, by way of nonlimiting example, with reference to the appended figures in which:
  • - Figure 1 schematically shows the device according to the invention;
  • - Figure 2 shows a sectional view of the device of the invention according to the plane II-II of Figure 1;
  • - Figure 3 shows a curve illustrating the operation of the device according to the invention.

Le dispositif, comme représenté aux figures 1 et 2, permet de réaliser une transition entre un guide d'onde 11 et une ligne planaire 10 par exemple un microruban, par l'intermédiaire d'un guide coaxial 12.The device, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, allows a transition to be made between a waveguide 11 and a planar line 10, for example a microstrip, by means of a coaxial guide 12.

Le guide d'onde 11 est ici réalisé par une cavité rectangulaire 13 réalisée dans un boîtier 14.The waveguide 11 is here produced by a rectangular cavity 13 produced in a housing 14.

La ligne planaire 10 est réalisée à l'aide d'un substrat 15 dont la première face est métallisée 16 et dont la seconde face 17 porte la ligne 18 véhiculant le signal, un blindage 19 étant disposé au-dessus de cette ligne.The planar line 10 is produced using a substrate 15, the first face of which is metallized 16 and the second face 17 of which carries the line 18 carrying the signal, a shield 19 being placed above this line.

Le guide coaxial 12 est réalisé par une âme 20 métallique traversant successivement lame de diélectrique 22, et une une zone libre 21 pour former ainsi un coaxial à air. Cette âme 20, parallèle aux faces latérales de la cavité 13 du guide d'onde 11, se termine à une première extrémité par une antenne 23 métallique disposée dans ladite cavité 13 ; A sa deuxième extrémité cette âme 20 traverse le substrat 15 perpendiculairement à ses faces.The coaxial guide 12 is produced by a metallic core 20 successively passing through the dielectric strip 22, and a free zone 21 to thereby form an air coaxial. This core 20, parallel to the faces lateral of the cavity 13 of the waveguide 11, ends at a first end by a metallic antenna 23 disposed in said cavity 13; At its second end, this core 20 crosses the substrate 15 perpendicular to its faces.

L'antenne 23, l'âme 20, le diélectrique 22 constituent une transition guide d'onde-guide coaxial à couplage électrique classique : cela pourrait tout aussi bien être une transition à couplage magnétique. le diamètre de l'âme 20 peut ne pas être uniforme sur toute sa longeur : La partie de l'âme située entre les points A et B est un guide coaxial à air, qui empêche le diélectrique 22 d'appuyer sur le substrat 15 en le déformant au cours de la réalisation et qui, par ses dimensions, permet de diminuer l'influence de la discontinuité diélectrique-air. La longueur AB peut d'ailleurs être variable.The antenna 23, the core 20, the dielectric 22 constitute a waveguide-coaxial guide transition with conventional electrical coupling: this could just as easily be a transition with magnetic coupling. the diameter of the core 20 may not be uniform over its entire length: The part of the core located between the points A and B is an air coaxial guide, which prevents the dielectric 22 from pressing on the substrate 15 in deforming it during production and which, by its dimensions, makes it possible to reduce the influence of the dielectric-air discontinuity. The length AB can also be variable.

Au niveau du point B, dans le plan PP' la première face 16 du substrat 15 est démétallisée sur une zone 25 en forme de cercle qui apparaît notamment sur la figure 2.At point B, in the plane PP ′, the first face 16 of the substrate 15 is demetallized over a zone 25 in the form of a circle which appears in particular in FIG. 2.

L'âme 20 du coaxial 12 est soudée sur la deuxième face du substrat 15 métallisé.The core 20 of the coaxial 12 is welded to the second face of the metallized substrate 15.

L'âme 20 dépasse d'une certaine longueur 1 (1 ≦ λ /4) la deuxième face 17 du substrat 15 métallisé. (λ étant la longueur d'onde guidée dans la ligne).The core 20 exceeds by a certain length 1 (1 ≦ λ / 4) the second face 17 of the metallized substrate 15. (λ being the wavelength guided in the line).

Sur la deuxième extrémité de l'âme est soudé ou vissé une première extrémité d'un ruban 26 courbé de largeur dépendant de l'impédance désirée et de longueur peu différente de λ/2.On the second end of the core is welded or screwed a first end of a curved strip 26 of width depending on the desired impedance and of length little different from λ / 2.

Sur la seconde extrémité D de ce ruban 26 est collée ou soudée l'extrémité d'une vis 27 non conductrice permettant de régler l'écart S entre la ligne imprimée 18 et la ligne conductrice 26.On the second end D of this strip 26 is bonded or welded the end of a non-conductive screw 27 making it possible to adjust the difference S between the printed line 18 and the conductive line 26.

Le blindage 19 permet de diminuer les pertes par rayonnement. Deux stubs 28 disposés sur le côté de la ligne 18 permettent d'affiner le réglage.The shield 19 makes it possible to reduce the losses by radiation. Two stubs 28 arranged on the side of the line 18 make it possible to refine the adjustment.

Dans le dispositif selon l'invention, les pertes sont faibles ; comme représentées à la figure 3, elles sont comprises entre -22 dB et -25 dB : Ledit dispositif permet, en effet, une transition progressive du champ en mode TEM du guide coaxial 12 à celui quasi TEM de la ligne planaire 10 orthogonale au premier à cause de la géométrie choisie, en réalisant un couplage à la fois électrique et magnétique.In the device according to the invention, the losses are low; as shown in FIG. 3, they are between -22 dB and -25 dB: Said device allows, in fact, a gradual transition of the field in TEM mode from the coaxial guide 12 to that quasi-TEM of the planar line 10 orthogonal to the first because of the geometry chosen, by performing both electrical and magnetic coupling.

Les caractéristiques faibles pertes rendent l'invention particulièrement intéressante pour être utilisée à l'entrée des amplificateurs faible bruit.The low loss characteristics make the invention particularly advantageous for being used at the input of low noise amplifiers.

Pour ce dernier cas, l'invention présente un avantage supplémentaire car la souplesse de réglage permet d'avoir des impédances très variées ; ce qui rend particulièrement aisée l'obtention de l'impédance de source optimum pour le minimum de bruit.For the latter case, the invention has an additional advantage because the flexibility of adjustment makes it possible to have very varied impedances; which makes it particularly easy to obtain the optimum source impedance for the minimum noise.

Les dispersions de gravure du circuit 10 ou les tolérances mécaniques sont aussi compensées sans introduire des pertes supplémentaires.The etching dispersions of the circuit 10 or the mechanical tolerances are also compensated without introducing additional losses.

Il est bien entendu que la présente invention n'a été décrite et représentée qu'à titre d'exemple préférentiel et que l'on pourra remplacer ses éléments constitutifs par des éléments équivalents sans, pour autant, sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is understood that the present invention has only been described and shown as a preferred example and that its constituent elements can be replaced by equivalent elements without, however, departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1/ Dispositif hyperfréquence de réglage pour une transition guide d'onde (11)-ligne planaire (10) comprenant un guide coaxial (12) intermédiaire, caractérisé en ce que le guide coaxial comprend une âme (20) qui en sa première extrémité débouche dans le guide d'onde en se terminant par une antenne (23), et qui en sa deuxième extrémité traverse le substrat (15) sur lequel est disposée la ligne planaire, en ce qu'un ruban métallique (26) courbé est, en une première extrémité, solidarisé de la deuxième extrémité de cette âme (20), et en ce qu'une vis (27) est solidaire de la deuxième extrémité dudit ruban (26) de manière à jouer sur son écartement (s) avec ladite ligne (18).1 / Microwave adjustment device for a waveguide transition (11) -planar line (10) comprising an intermediate coaxial guide (12), characterized in that the coaxial guide comprises a core (20) which at its first end opens out in the waveguide ending in an antenna (23), and which at its second end passes through the substrate (15) on which the planar line is arranged, in that a curved metallic strip (26) is, in a first end, secured to the second end of this core (20), and in that a screw (27) is secured to the second end of said strip (26) so as to play on its spacing (s) with said line (18). 2/ Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le guide d'onde (11) est rectangulaire, et en ce que l'âme (20), disposée parallèlement à deux côtés de ce guide (11), traverse le substrat (15) perpendiculairement à ses deux faces.2 / Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the waveguide (11) is rectangular, and in that the core (20), arranged parallel to two sides of this guide (11), passes through the substrate ( 15) perpendicular to its two faces. 3/ Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le substrat (15) est métallisé sur sa face (16) opposée à celle sur laquelle est disposée la ligne (18), et comporte une zone (25) démétallisée à l'endroit du passage de l'âme (20).3 / Device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the substrate (15) is metallized on its face (16) opposite to that on which the line (18) is disposed, and comprises a zone (25 ) demetallized at the point of passage of the core (20). 4/ Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la zone (25) démétallisée est circulaire.4 / Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the demetallized zone (25) is circular. 5/ Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le guide coaxial (12) est formé de deux parties successives ; la partie la plus proche de la ligne planaire ayant l'air comme diélectrique.5 / Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coaxial guide (12) is formed of two successive parts; the part closest to the planar line having the air as a dielectric. 6/ Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un blindage (19) est disposé du côté du substrat (15) sur lequel est disposé la ligne (18) imprimée, la vis (27), en matériau isolant, étant solidaire de ce blindage (19).6 / Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a shield (19) is disposed on the side of the substrate (15) on which is disposed the line (18) printed, the screw (27), made of material insulator, being integral with this shield (19). 7/ Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le ruban a une longueur d'environ λ /2, λ étant la longueur d'onde guidée dans la ligne (10).7 / Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ribbon has a length of approximately λ / 2, λ being the wavelength guided in the line (10). 8/ Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'âme (20) dépasse la deuxième face (17) du substrat (15) d'une longueur inférieure à λ /4, λ étant la longueur d'onde guidée dans la ligne (10).8 / Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the core (20) exceeds the second face (17) of the substrate (15) of a length less than λ / 4, λ being the length guided wave in line (10).
EP89104976A 1988-03-23 1989-03-20 Microwave matching arrangement for a waveguide-to-planar line transition Expired - Lifetime EP0334270B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8803804 1988-03-23
FR8803804A FR2629276B1 (en) 1988-03-23 1988-03-23 ADJUSTING MICROWAVE DEVICE FOR A PLANAR WAVE-LINE TRANSITION

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EP0334270A1 true EP0334270A1 (en) 1989-09-27
EP0334270B1 EP0334270B1 (en) 1993-11-24

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EP (1) EP0334270B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH01297903A (en)
DE (1) DE68910856T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2629276B1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH01297903A (en) 1989-12-01
US4970477A (en) 1990-11-13
FR2629276B1 (en) 1991-06-07
FR2629276A1 (en) 1989-09-29
DE68910856D1 (en) 1994-01-05
DE68910856T2 (en) 1994-03-17
EP0334270B1 (en) 1993-11-24

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