EP0332798A1 - Emergency stop device, particularly designed for trains and the like - Google Patents
Emergency stop device, particularly designed for trains and the like Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0332798A1 EP0332798A1 EP88830451A EP88830451A EP0332798A1 EP 0332798 A1 EP0332798 A1 EP 0332798A1 EP 88830451 A EP88830451 A EP 88830451A EP 88830451 A EP88830451 A EP 88830451A EP 0332798 A1 EP0332798 A1 EP 0332798A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- emergency stop
- stop device
- train
- wheeled frame
- ribbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K7/00—Railway stops fixed to permanent way; Track brakes or retarding apparatus fixed to permanent way; Sand tracks or the like
- B61K7/16—Positive railway stops
- B61K7/18—Buffer stops
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G11/00—Buffers
- B61G11/14—Buffers absorbing shocks by mechanical friction action; Combinations of mechanical shock-absorbers and springs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an emergency stop device, which has been particularly designed for stopping trains and the like.
- the task of the present invention is to overcome the above mentioned drawbacks, by providing a train emergency stop device which is able of absorbing or dissipating all of the kinetic energy of the train, so as to reduce to a minimum possible damages to persons in the case of an erroneous braking operation.
- a main object of the present invention is to provide such a train emergency stop device which is able of automatically operating while providing a gradual braking effect and which, moreover, can be easily reset to its starting conditions.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide such a train emergency stop device which is very reliable in operation and, moreover, can be constructed starting from easily available elements and materials.
- a train emergency stop device characterized in that it comprises a wheeled frame, to be arranged on the railroad rails at the zone provided for emergency stopping the train, and supporting a rotatable drum, thereon a rope is wound having one end anchored to the ground, said rotatable drum being provided with seats or recesses to be engaged by a plurality of ribbon brakes, adapted to be actuated by linkages driven as said wheeled frame is displaced.
- the train emergency stop device according to the invention has been specifically designed for absorbing or dissipating, by friction, the kinetic energy of a train or the like to be stopped.
- said kinetic energy is absorbed by applying a force opposite to the movement direction and acting for a given displacement, and said energy corresponds to: where F is the average force which, in the case of the device according to the invention, has an essentially plastic evolution characteristic and substantially corresponds to the F max .
- the train emergency stop device comprises a wheeled frame, overally indicated at the reference number 1, which is provided with wheels 3 for displacement on the railroad rails 5, and with anti-raising pads 5 acting on the intrados 6 of the rail stem in order to balance the tilting moment occurring as the train impacts against the subject device.
- a pair of buffers indicated at 10, which are preloaded by an inert gas having a resilient type of characteristic curve; as shown, said buffers consist of a central or main body 11 which, at the bottom thereof, is provided with a buffer plate 12 and, at the rear thereof, defines a chamber 13 filled with a pressurized inert gas (see Figure 4).
- the central body 11 is tightly slidingly housed in the inside of a cylinder 14, closed by a bottom member 15 provided with an axial ridge or projection 16 susceptible to be tight coupled to the chamber 13.
- annular chamber 18 filled with oil, and adapted to preserve against wear the tightness gaskets 19 operating between said central body 11, cylinder 14 and axial projection 16.
- the oil chamber 18 is so shaped, at its end portion, to prevent said central body and bottom member 15 from impacting one against the other during the terminal portion of the stroke.
- the chamber 13 and the gas preloading pressure are so designed as to provide a resilient type of strain-deformation characteristic curve, having the desired stiffness.
- the chambers 13 communicate with one another through a coupling duct 20.
- the wheeled frame 1 rotatably supports a rotatable drum 21 which, preferably at an intermedie portion thereof, is formed with a seat or recess 22 for housing a high strength rope 23 which is wound on said drum by overlying coils, said rope 23 being anchored, at one end thereof, at 25, to the ground.
- Said ribbon brakes at their front ends, are anchored to a fixed point of the wheeled frame whereas, at the other ends thereof, after winding in the respective engaging seats, they are coupled to levers 40 of suitable linkages coupled to an adjustable torque limiting system adapted to operate after the starting of the carriage, as it will become more apparent hereinafter.
- a driving gear wheel 41 coaxial with the rotatable drum 21,there is provided a driving gear wheel 41, thereon is entrained a chain 42 also entrained on a gear wheel 43 keyed on a shaft 44 thereon there are arranged torque restraining or limiting devices 45 of known type.
- Each said torque restraining device 45 through a transmission chain 46, is coupled to the lever 40 articulated at a middle point thereof and coupled, at the other end thereof, to the respective ribbon brake.
- the braking system will transmit to the rotatable drum a constant braking torque, for the overall duration of its movement.
- the steel rope as above mentioned, is wound by overlaying coils: thus, during the operation, the ratio of the constant braking force diameter and the rope winding diameter will change between a maximum diameter and a minimum diameter; thus, a progressive stop action will be provided, with an increasing value from the starting time to the end time.
- the buffers will be deformed: according to the invention, the stroke and reaction force of said buffers are designed according to a characteristic curve able of causing the wheeled frame to be brought to the train speed in a gradual manner thereby preventing great inertial reaction forces from being generated at the start of the braking operation.
- the rope is un-wound and the rotatable drum rotated, in a gradual manner, since the rope is anchored with respect to the rotatable drum.
- the rotatable drum will not be engaged by the ribbon brakes as far as its rotating speed does not reach, from the rest status, the condition or speed corresponding to the impact speed of a train.
- the ribbon brakes are actuated for gradually braking and stopping the train.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to an emergency stop device, which has been particularly designed for stopping trains and the like.
- As is known, at the end of overhead station rails there are usually provided emergency stop devices able of stopping the trains, as they cannot be stopped for example because of malfunctions of their braking systems.
- These devices usually consist of stop masses thereon there are applied conventional buffers which are deformed, at a maximum, for several centimeters, with a practically negligible power dissipation.
- Thus, in the case of a great impact between the stop mass and the train, all of the kinetic energy to be dissipated will be transformed into impact energy or power susceptible to greatly damage both the fixed stop structure and the train.
- Accordingly, the task of the present invention is to overcome the above mentioned drawbacks, by providing a train emergency stop device which is able of absorbing or dissipating all of the kinetic energy of the train, so as to reduce to a minimum possible damages to persons in the case of an erroneous braking operation.
- Within the scope of the above task, a main object of the present invention is to provide such a train emergency stop device which is able of automatically operating while providing a gradual braking effect and which, moreover, can be easily reset to its starting conditions.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide such a train emergency stop device which is very reliable in operation and, moreover, can be constructed starting from easily available elements and materials.
- According to one aspect of the present invention, the above mentioned task and objects, as well as yet other objects, which will become more apparent hereinafter, are achieved by a train emergency stop device, characterized in that it comprises a wheeled frame, to be arranged on the railroad rails at the zone provided for emergency stopping the train, and supporting a rotatable drum, thereon a rope is wound having one end anchored to the ground, said rotatable drum being provided with seats or recesses to be engaged by a plurality of ribbon brakes, adapted to be actuated by linkages driven as said wheeled frame is displaced.
- Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent hereinafter from the following detailed descrption of a preferred, though not exclusive, embodiment, of an emergency quick stop device, particularly designed for trains and the like, which is illustrated, by way of an indicative but not limitative example, in the accompanying drawings, where:
- Figure 1 is a side partially cross-sectioned view illustrating the emergency stop device according to the invention in its not use condition;
- Figure 2 is a front view of the emergency stop device according to the invention, taken from its end facing the train stop region;
- Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the emergency stop device during the operation thereof;
- Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a buffer associated with the subject emergency stop device;
and - Figure 5 is another schematic view illustrating a ribbon brake.
- With reference to the Figures of the accompa nying drawings, the train emergency stop device according to the invention has been specifically designed for absorbing or dissipating, by friction, the kinetic energy of a train or the like to be stopped.
- More specifically, said kinetic energy is absorbed by applying a force opposite to the movement direction and acting for a given displacement, and said energy corresponds to:
- Then, after having set the energy to be dissipated and Fmax, the displacement will be automatically set, which displacement can be great at will.
- According to one embodiment, the train emergency stop device according to the invention comprises a wheeled frame, overally indicated at the reference number 1, which is provided with
wheels 3 for displacement on therailroad rails 5, and withanti-raising pads 5 acting on theintrados 6 of the rail stem in order to balance the tilting moment occurring as the train impacts against the subject device. - At its front portion, that is the portion thereof facing the train stop zone, there are provided a pair of buffers, indicated at 10, which are preloaded by an inert gas having a resilient type of characteristic curve; as shown, said buffers consist of a central or
main body 11 which, at the bottom thereof, is provided with abuffer plate 12 and, at the rear thereof, defines achamber 13 filled with a pressurized inert gas (see Figure 4). - The
central body 11 is tightly slidingly housed in the inside of acylinder 14, closed by abottom member 15 provided with an axial ridge orprojection 16 susceptible to be tight coupled to thechamber 13. - Between the
central body 11 andcylinder 14 there is formed anannular chamber 18, filled with oil, and adapted to preserve against wear thetightness gaskets 19 operating between saidcentral body 11,cylinder 14 andaxial projection 16. - In this connection, it should be pointed out that the
oil chamber 18 is so shaped, at its end portion, to prevent said central body andbottom member 15 from impacting one against the other during the terminal portion of the stroke. - The
chamber 13 and the gas preloading pressure, on the other hand, are so designed as to provide a resilient type of strain-deformation characteristic curve, having the desired stiffness. - In order to balance the pressure, and hence the reactive forces of the two buffers, the
chambers 13 communicate with one another through acoupling duct 20. - The wheeled frame 1 rotatably supports a
rotatable drum 21 which, preferably at an intermedie portion thereof, is formed with a seat or recess 22 for housing ahigh strength rope 23 which is wound on said drum by overlying coils, saidrope 23 being anchored, at one end thereof, at 25, to the ground. - On the outer surface of the
rotatable drum 21 there are providing engaging seats orrecesses 30 adapted for engaging with a plurality ofribbon brakes 31 which, in cross-section, have a friction surface 31a and a supportingsurface 31b. - Said ribbon brakes, at their front ends, are anchored to a fixed point of the wheeled frame whereas, at the other ends thereof, after winding in the respective engaging seats, they are coupled to levers 40 of suitable linkages coupled to an adjustable torque limiting system adapted to operate after the starting of the carriage, as it will become more apparent hereinafter.
- More specifically, coaxial with the
rotatable drum 21,there is provided a driving gear wheel 41, thereon is entrained achain 42 also entrained on agear wheel 43 keyed on ashaft 44 thereon there are arranged torque restraining or limitingdevices 45 of known type. - Each said
torque restraining device 45, through atransmission chain 46, is coupled to thelever 40 articulated at a middle point thereof and coupled, at the other end thereof, to the respective ribbon brake. - Thus, the braking system will transmit to the rotatable drum a constant braking torque, for the overall duration of its movement.
- The steel rope, as above mentioned, is wound by overlaying coils: thus, during the operation, the ratio of the constant braking force diameter and the rope winding diameter will change between a maximum diameter and a minimum diameter; thus, a progressive stop action will be provided, with an increasing value from the starting time to the end time.
- With the disclosed arrangement, at the impact of the train against the wheeled frame, the buffers will be deformed: according to the invention, the stroke and reaction force of said buffers are designed according to a characteristic curve able of causing the wheeled frame to be brought to the train speed in a gradual manner thereby preventing great inertial reaction forces from being generated at the start of the braking operation.
- Simultaneoulsy with the displacement of the wheeled frame or structure, the rope is un-wound and the rotatable drum rotated, in a gradual manner, since the rope is anchored with respect to the rotatable drum. Thus, the rotatable drum will not be engaged by the ribbon brakes as far as its rotating speed does not reach, from the rest status, the condition or speed corresponding to the impact speed of a train.
- At this time, as above mentioned, the ribbon brakes are actuated for gradually braking and stopping the train.
- From the above disclosure it should be apparent that in the case of an impact, the overall device will be not damaged since it is able of resiliently yielding and, accordingly, can be quickly reset to its starting operation conditions.
- From the above disclosure it should be further apparent that the invention fully achieves the intended task and objects.
- In particular, the fact must be pointed out that has been provided a device which is able of absorbing and dissipating the impact kinetic energy without damaging the train or itself.
- While the invention has been disclosed with reference to a preferred embodiment thereof, it should be apparent that the disclosed embodiment is susceptible to many modifications and variations, all of which will come within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT88830451T ATE71590T1 (en) | 1988-03-18 | 1988-10-26 | EMERGENCY STOP BUFFLE, ESPECIALLY FOR RAILWAYS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT8819857A IT1216159B (en) | 1988-03-18 | 1988-03-18 | EMERGENCY STOP DEVICE, PARTICULARLY DESIGNED FOR RAILWAY CONVEYS. |
IT1985788 | 1988-03-18 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0332798A1 true EP0332798A1 (en) | 1989-09-20 |
EP0332798B1 EP0332798B1 (en) | 1992-01-15 |
Family
ID=11161840
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88830451A Expired - Lifetime EP0332798B1 (en) | 1988-03-18 | 1988-10-26 | Emergency stop device, particularly designed for trains and the like |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0332798B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE71590T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3867835D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2029349T3 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1216159B (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103273944A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-09-04 | 枣庄矿业集团中兴建安工程有限公司 | Inclined-drift gradient-change anti-sliding safety locking device |
CN112810659A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-05-18 | 华洋通信科技股份有限公司 | Internet of things device suitable for coal mine and use method |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10008781C2 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2002-05-29 | Schuesler Plan Ingenieurgesell | crash cushions |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE182373C (en) * | ||||
DE550164C (en) * | 1931-05-06 | 1932-05-09 | Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh | Sliding brake bumper |
DE807949C (en) * | 1950-03-26 | 1951-07-09 | Krauss Maffei Ag | Buffer device for rail vehicles, especially sleeve buffers |
GB900220A (en) * | 1958-01-22 | 1962-07-04 | Meboe Ltd | Improvements in or relating to hydraulic buffers or drawgear |
FR2073485A1 (en) * | 1969-12-20 | 1971-10-01 | Bergens Mek Verksted | |
FR2581608A1 (en) * | 1985-05-13 | 1986-11-14 | Mecaneral | Cushioning buffer for the braking of vehicles moving on a guide track |
-
1988
- 1988-03-18 IT IT8819857A patent/IT1216159B/en active
- 1988-10-26 DE DE8888830451T patent/DE3867835D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-10-26 AT AT88830451T patent/ATE71590T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-10-26 ES ES198888830451T patent/ES2029349T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-10-26 EP EP88830451A patent/EP0332798B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE182373C (en) * | ||||
DE550164C (en) * | 1931-05-06 | 1932-05-09 | Schwaebische Huettenwerke Gmbh | Sliding brake bumper |
DE807949C (en) * | 1950-03-26 | 1951-07-09 | Krauss Maffei Ag | Buffer device for rail vehicles, especially sleeve buffers |
GB900220A (en) * | 1958-01-22 | 1962-07-04 | Meboe Ltd | Improvements in or relating to hydraulic buffers or drawgear |
FR2073485A1 (en) * | 1969-12-20 | 1971-10-01 | Bergens Mek Verksted | |
FR2581608A1 (en) * | 1985-05-13 | 1986-11-14 | Mecaneral | Cushioning buffer for the braking of vehicles moving on a guide track |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103273944A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2013-09-04 | 枣庄矿业集团中兴建安工程有限公司 | Inclined-drift gradient-change anti-sliding safety locking device |
CN112810659A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-05-18 | 华洋通信科技股份有限公司 | Internet of things device suitable for coal mine and use method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IT1216159B (en) | 1990-02-22 |
DE3867835D1 (en) | 1992-02-27 |
ATE71590T1 (en) | 1992-02-15 |
EP0332798B1 (en) | 1992-01-15 |
ES2029349T3 (en) | 1992-08-01 |
IT8819857A0 (en) | 1988-03-18 |
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