EP0324371B1 - Initiator having a long delay - Google Patents

Initiator having a long delay Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0324371B1
EP0324371B1 EP89100116A EP89100116A EP0324371B1 EP 0324371 B1 EP0324371 B1 EP 0324371B1 EP 89100116 A EP89100116 A EP 89100116A EP 89100116 A EP89100116 A EP 89100116A EP 0324371 B1 EP0324371 B1 EP 0324371B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
charge
delay
ignition
reaction
charges
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EP89100116A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0324371A2 (en
EP0324371A3 (en
Inventor
Peter-Josef Grommes
Günther Faber
Hans Dr. Dipl.-Phys. Florin
Peter Dipl.-Phys. Röh
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Dynamit Nobel AG
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Dynamit Nobel AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/0815—Intermediate ignition capsules, i.e. self-contained primary pyrotechnic module transmitting the initial firing signal to the secondary explosive, e.g. using electric, radio frequency, optical or percussion signals to the secondary explosive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/16—Pyrotechnic delay initiators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing an ignition element according to the preamble of claim 1 and to the associated ignition element.
  • An ignition element with a delay line has the task of amplifying the pyrotechnic reaction which occurs when an ignition means is triggered in such a way that it leads to the reliable ignition or ignition of a main charge after a delay time.
  • An ignition element is made up of several pyrotechnic sentences arranged one behind the other.
  • the highly sensitive but weak triggering of an ignition charge should be used after a predetermined time to safely ignite a relatively slow main charge.
  • the weak points of an ignition element at which the passage through the reaction zone can be disturbed or interrupted are the areas where pyrotechnic phrases with different physical and chemical properties collide. At such interfaces, the reaction process breaks off especially when the progress of the reaction is made more difficult by further conditions, such as, for example, very high rotation of the ignition element, low temperatures, vibrations, shocks, shocks and the like. the like
  • the requirement for long delay times is usually accompanied by a decrease in reliability, because the suitable delay sets have such a chemical composition that the desired slow forwarding can only take place reliably if the reaction is initiated optimally in the delay line.
  • an ignition element which corresponds in structure to the ignition element cited in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the sets are introduced into the sleeve from the rear end thereof, i.e. first the sentences determining the detonative or flaming output are introduced, then the delay sentence and finally the ignition sentence with the ignition bridge arranged therein.
  • the ignition charge cannot be pressed inside the sleeve at all, since it contains the ignition bridge. Rather, it is used as a prefabricated component, as a so-called "squib", as the latter together with the sealing plug for the sleeve.
  • squib so-called "squib"
  • US-A-4 005 659 describes an ignition device in which the individual sets are also inserted into the sleeve from the rear end thereof, which has the same disadvantages as the ignition element according to GB-A-933 742 . Otherwise, this ignition device does not have an ignition charge applied to the transmission set, but rather an ignition mixture and a hot particle mixture, which are introduced into a separate, highly heat-conducting metal sleeve. This metal sleeve is then inserted into the transfer set and surrounded by this on its outer surface, so that a good heat transfer from the "red-hot" metal sleeve to the transfer set is achieved during ignition.
  • US-A-3 945 323 further describes a impact and self-destruct ignition device which has an igniter and a delay device arranged at a distance therefrom.
  • the last consists of a separate sleeve in which the actual delay set is accommodated, which is provided with a firing set at its end facing the igniter and with a firing set at its other end.
  • the firing set serves to melt a screw nut fixing the striking piece so that it can move forward under the action of a spring. No information has been given on the manner in which the sentences are inserted into the sleeve.
  • the invention has for its object to improve the method for producing an ignition element according to the preamble of claim 1 so that the progress of the reaction zone in the ignition element is ensured even more reliably, even under difficult external conditions.
  • reaction speed changes very significantly; in a highly sensitive primer it can be of the order of 500 mm / s; in the deceleration set the propagation speed is in the range 0.7 to 1 mm / s; in intermediate transmission sets it is usually between 30 and 200 mm / s. It has been shown that the transfer of the reaction process can lead to difficulties, especially at those interfaces where the Reaction speed of the delay set is no longer so high, ie the speed of propagation of the reaction wave is already relatively low, so that in particular disturbances occur during the transition to the delay set. If the center area of the transmission set that ignites the delay set arches into the first delay set of a delay line, the most obvious result is an increase in reliability.
  • the central bulge of the set that ignites the delay line is preferably conical; but it can also preferably correspond to a spherical segment surface. It is determined by the tool with which the primer is pressed into the cylindrical sleeve. It shows that it can be technically particularly favorable if the central surface area is rounded and the side areas are frustoconical.
  • the design according to the invention of the transition between the sentence that ignites the delay line and the first delay sentence is not only due to the geometric shape described above, but depends crucially on the fact that the curved interface extends over the entire cross section.
  • the priming charge of the propellant charge of a rocket engine is also, for example, among others. conical, but the interface between the primer and the propellant does not cover the entire cross section of the propellant charge. In the method according to the invention, such a geometry of the interface would not lead to reliable functioning - transferring the reaction of the transfer set to the delay set.
  • the ignition element in contrast to FR-A-2 151 495, first the ignition sentence, then preferably at least one transmission sentence and then the at least one delay sentence must be loaded, the ignition sentence or - if present - the transmission sentence and in the case of several Delay sets according to claim 2, preferably also the first delay set can be compressed with a pressing pin with a concave pressing surface. It is only through this manufacturing process, which is unusual per se, that reliable reaction transfer from the primer or transfer set to the delay set is achieved.
  • the essence of the invention is therefore an improvement in the transition between the firing rate and the delay rate.
  • the geometric design of the sentence that ignites the delay sentence or the first of several delay sentences makes the greatest contribution to increasing security.
  • the set that ignites the delay line is either a slow-burning ignition set from the outset, or, particularly preferably, there are at least two transmission sets between the ignition set and the delay line according to claim 3, at least the middle region of the set igniting in the delay line protruding into the first delay set.
  • the choice of substances for the split transfer rates is essentially from the point of view that the jumps in the physical property values at the interfaces become smaller. Such a measure increases the reliability of the ignition element.
  • the breakdown the transfer set into two or more sets with properties changing in smaller increments can also make it possible for the delay set to have properties that are even more desirable per se, such as an even lower reaction speed, but such a material for the delay set So far it was out of the question, because otherwise the transition from the primer to the retarding sentence would have become even more problematic because it was too different.
  • a further improvement is achieved if the otherwise known plane-parallel transmission ranges between the individual delay sets are changed.
  • a change in the range between the first and second delay set is particularly preferred.
  • the individual delay sets are usually chemically and physically identical.
  • the delay line is divided into several sentences only for manufacturing reasons. It means practically no additional effort if the front side of the first deceleration set in the detonation direction is also bulged, which can be done with the same tool. With this measure, a further improvement in reliability is observed.
  • the invention is shown in the drawing and further described by way of example.
  • the figure shows a section through an ignition element with a detonative output.
  • the ignition element consists of a cylindrical sleeve 1 with an outer diameter of 5 mm and a length of 17 mm.
  • the primer consists of a sensitive friction set of high reaction speed, which is ignited with a piercing needle, and in which the reaction zone at a speed of approx. 500 mm / s progresses.
  • the ignition element is designed for relatively long delay times - of the order of 10 s.
  • the response speed in the delay line is less than 0.8 mm / s.
  • the delay line consists of four chemically and physically identical sets 3, 4, 5, 6.
  • the transmission line here consists of two sets 7, 8, which differ in chemical composition and which are coordinated with one another in such a way that the levels of the property values depend on the interfaces are as small as possible.
  • the design of the transition region according to the invention or the design of the bottom surface of the usually cylindrical sets is used.
  • the area between the transmission set 8 and the first delay set 3 is regarded as the most important transition area.
  • the transition area from the first delay set 3 to the second delay set 4 also has the same shape. This second arched transition would not be absolutely necessary due to the same composition of sentences 3 and 4.
  • the output of the ignition element is carried out in a known manner.
  • the last delay set 6 is followed by a lead azide charge 9 and a PETN charge 10, which is covered with an aluminum plate 11.
  • the last layer 12 consists of a sealing lacquer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Surface Acoustic Wave Elements And Circuit Networks Thereof (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
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Abstract

Where layered ignition elements with long delay times are concerned, malfunctions occur above all when aggravating secondary conditions (such as, for example, a high projectile rotation and/or temperature and shock stresses) are additionally involved. The reliable progress of the reaction is assisted if, as seen in the direction of propagation of the reaction, the middle region of the charge (8) igniting the delayed-action composition (3) projects into the middle region of the delayed-action composition (3). A further improvement can be achieved if, instead of an ignition charge (2), one or more transmission charges (7, 8) are interposed and the selection of the charge components is made in such a way that the jumps of the property values (especially as regards the reaction speed) become more uniform and therefore smaller, or an ignition charge having an especially low reaction speed is used. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung richtet sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Zündelementes entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und auf das zugehörige Zündelement.The invention relates to a method for producing an ignition element according to the preamble of claim 1 and to the associated ignition element.

Ein Zündelement mit einer Verzögerungsstrecke hat die Aufgabe, die bei der Auslösung eines Zündmittels entstehende pyrotechnische Reaktion so zu verstärkten, daß sie nach einer Verzögerungszeit zur sicheren Zündung oder Anzündung einer Hauptladung führt.An ignition element with a delay line has the task of amplifying the pyrotechnic reaction which occurs when an ignition means is triggered in such a way that it leads to the reliable ignition or ignition of a main charge after a delay time.

Ein Zündelement ist aus mehreren, hintereinander angeordneten pyrotechnischen Sätzen aufgebaut. Das hochempfindliche aber schwache Auslösen eines Anzündsatzes soll nach einer vorgegebenen Zeit zum sicheren Anzünden einer relativ trägen Hauptladung benutzt werden. Die Schwachstellen eines Zündelementes, an denen das Durchlaufen der Reaktionszone gestört oder unterbrochen werden kann, sind die Flächen, wo pyrotechnische Sätze mit unterschiedlichen physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften aneinanderstoßen. An solchen Trennflächen reißt der Reaktionsprozeß vor allem dann ab, wenn das Fortschreiten der Reaktion noch durch weitere Bedingungen erschwert ist, wie beispielsweise durch eine sehr hohe Rotation des Zündelementes, durch tiefe Temperaturen, durch Vibrationen, Stöße, Schocks u. dgl.An ignition element is made up of several pyrotechnic sentences arranged one behind the other. The highly sensitive but weak triggering of an ignition charge should be used after a predetermined time to safely ignite a relatively slow main charge. The weak points of an ignition element at which the passage through the reaction zone can be disturbed or interrupted are the areas where pyrotechnic phrases with different physical and chemical properties collide. At such interfaces, the reaction process breaks off especially when the progress of the reaction is made more difficult by further conditions, such as, for example, very high rotation of the ignition element, low temperatures, vibrations, shocks, shocks and the like. the like

Auch die Forderung langer Verzögerungszeiten geht normalerweise einher mit einer Abnahme der Zuverlässigkeit, weil die dafür geeigneten Verzögerungssätze eine solche chemische Zusammensetzung haben, daß nur bei einer optimalen Reaktionseinleitung in der Verzögerungsstrecke die gewünschte langsame Weiterleitung sicher erfolgt.The requirement for long delay times is usually accompanied by a decrease in reliability, because the suitable delay sets have such a chemical composition that the desired slow forwarding can only take place reliably if the reaction is initiated optimally in the delay line.

Aus der GB-A-933 742 ist ein Zündelement bekannt, das in seinem Aufbau dem im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angeführten Zündelement entspricht. Bei dem bekannten Zündelement werden die Sätze vom hinteren Ende der Hülse in diese eingebracht, d.h. zuerst werden die den detonativen oder flammgebenden Ausgang bestimmenden Sätze eingebracht, dann der Verzögerungssatz und zum Schluß der Anzündsatz mit darin angeordneter Zündbrücke. Das bedeutet aber, daß bei der Herstellung der Preßdruck für die aufeinanderfolgenden Sätze zum hinteren Ende abnehmen muß oder höchstens gleich sein kann. Im übrigen ist bei diesem bekannten Zündelement der Anzündsatz überhaupt nicht innerhalb der Hülse verpreßbar, da er die Zündbrücke enthält. Vielmehr wird er als vorgefertigtes Bauteil, als sogenannte "Zündpille", als letzes zusammen mit dem Verschlußstopfen für die Hülse in diese eingesetzt. Eine derart ausgebildete Trennfläche zwischen Anzünd- und Verzögerungssatz genügt aber nicht den vorstehend genannten Anforderungen.From GB-A-933 742 an ignition element is known which corresponds in structure to the ignition element cited in the preamble of claim 1. In the known ignition element, the sets are introduced into the sleeve from the rear end thereof, i.e. first the sentences determining the detonative or flaming output are introduced, then the delay sentence and finally the ignition sentence with the ignition bridge arranged therein. However, this means that in the production the pressure for the successive sets must decrease towards the rear end or at most can be the same. Moreover, in this known ignition element, the ignition charge cannot be pressed inside the sleeve at all, since it contains the ignition bridge. Rather, it is used as a prefabricated component, as a so-called "squib", as the latter together with the sealing plug for the sleeve. However, such a separating surface between the firing and retardation sentence does not meet the requirements mentioned above.

In der US-A-4 005 659 ist eine Zündeinrichtung beschrieben, bei der die einzelnen Sätze gleichfalls vom hinteren Ende der Hülse her in diese eingebracht werden, was mit den gleichen Nachteilen wie bei dem Zündelement gemäß der GB-A-933 742 verbunden ist. Im übrigen weist diese Zündeinrichtung keinen am Übertragungssatz anliegenden Anzündsatz auf, sondern eine Zündmischung und eine Heißpartikelmischung, die in eine separate gut wärmeleitende Metallhülse eingebracht sind. Diese Metallhülse ist ihrerseits dann in den Übertragungssatz eingesetzt und von diesem auf ihrer Mantelfläche umgeben, so daß bei der Zündung ein guter Wärmeübergang von der "rotglühenden" Metallhülse auf den Übertragungssatz erreicht wird.US-A-4 005 659 describes an ignition device in which the individual sets are also inserted into the sleeve from the rear end thereof, which has the same disadvantages as the ignition element according to GB-A-933 742 . Otherwise, this ignition device does not have an ignition charge applied to the transmission set, but rather an ignition mixture and a hot particle mixture, which are introduced into a separate, highly heat-conducting metal sleeve. This metal sleeve is then inserted into the transfer set and surrounded by this on its outer surface, so that a good heat transfer from the "red-hot" metal sleeve to the transfer set is achieved during ignition.

In der US-A-3 945 323 ist weiterhin eine Aufschlag- und Selbstzerstörungs-Zündeinrichtung beschrieben, die einen Anzünder und eine im Abstand davon angeordnete Verzögerungseinrichtung aufweist. Die letzte besteht aus einer separaten Hülse, in welcher der eigentliche Verzögerungssatz untergebracht ist, der an seinem dem Anzünder zugewandten Ende mit einem Anfeuerungssatz und an seinem anderen Ende mit einem Abfeuerungssatz versehen ist. Der Abfeuerungssatz dient dazu, eine das Schlagstück fixierende Schraubenmutter aufzuschmelzen, so daß sich dieses unter Federeinwirkung nach vorn bewegen kann. Angaben über die Art des Einbringens der Sätze in die Hülse sind nicht gemacht.US-A-3 945 323 further describes a impact and self-destruct ignition device which has an igniter and a delay device arranged at a distance therefrom. The last consists of a separate sleeve in which the actual delay set is accommodated, which is provided with a firing set at its end facing the igniter and with a firing set at its other end. The firing set serves to melt a screw nut fixing the striking piece so that it can move forward under the action of a spring. No information has been given on the manner in which the sentences are inserted into the sleeve.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Zündelementes entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 so zu verbessern, daß das Fortschreiten der Reaktionszone in dem Zündelement noch sicherer, auch unter erschwerten äußeren Bedingungen gewährleistet ist.The invention has for its object to improve the method for producing an ignition element according to the preamble of claim 1 so that the progress of the reaction zone in the ignition element is ensured even more reliably, even under difficult external conditions.

Diese Aufgabe wird entsprechend den im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Maßnahmen gelöst. Durch dieses erfindungsgemäße Herstellungsverfahren wird die zuverlässige Reaktionsübertragung an den kritischen Grenzflächen zwischen pyrotechnischen Sätzen mit unterschiedlichen physikalischen Eigenschaften auch unter erschwerten Bedingungen wie z.B. eine sehr hohe Rotation des Zündelementes, tiefe Temperaturen, Vibrationen, Stöße od. dgl. erzielt.This object is achieved in accordance with the measures specified in the characterizing part of claim 1. With this manufacturing method according to the invention, the reliable reaction transfer at the critical interfaces between pyrotechnic charges with different physical properties is also possible under difficult conditions such as e.g. achieved a very high rotation of the ignition element, low temperatures, vibrations, shocks or the like.

Zwischen den schichtweise aufgebauten Sätzen in einem Zündelement kommt es zu sprungartigen Änderungen der physikalischen Eigenschaften, insbesondere ändert sich die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit sehr erheblich; in einem hochempfindlichen Anzündsatz kann sie in der Größenordnung 500 mm/s liegen; im Verzögerungssatz ist die Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit im Bereich 0,7 bis 1 mm/s; in dazwischen geschalteten Übertragungssätzen liegt sie üblicherweise zwischen 30 und 200 mm/s. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß die Übertragung des Reaktionsprozesses vor allem an solchen Grenzflächen zu Schwierigkeiten führen kann, wo die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit des Verzögerungssatzes nicht mehr so hoch ist, d.h. die Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit der Reaktionswelle schon relativ klein ist, daß also insbesondere Störungen beim Übergang zum Verzögerungssatz auftreten. Wenn sich in den ersten Verzögerungssatz einer Verzögerungsstrecke der Mittenbereich des den Verzögerungssatz anzündenden Übertragungssatzes hineinwölbt, ergibt sich am deutlichsten eine Erhöhung der Zuverlässigkeit.There are abrupt changes in the physical properties between the sets of layers in an ignition element, in particular the reaction speed changes very significantly; in a highly sensitive primer it can be of the order of 500 mm / s; in the deceleration set the propagation speed is in the range 0.7 to 1 mm / s; in intermediate transmission sets it is usually between 30 and 200 mm / s. It has been shown that the transfer of the reaction process can lead to difficulties, especially at those interfaces where the Reaction speed of the delay set is no longer so high, ie the speed of propagation of the reaction wave is already relatively low, so that in particular disturbances occur during the transition to the delay set. If the center area of the transmission set that ignites the delay set arches into the first delay set of a delay line, the most obvious result is an increase in reliability.

Die mittige Aufwölbung des die Verzögerungsstrecke anzündenden Satzes ist bevorzugt kegelförmig; sie kann aber auch vorzugsweise einer Kugelabschnittsfläche entsprechen. Sie wird bestimmt durch das Werkzeug, mit dem der Anzündsatz in die zylindrische Hülse gepreßt wird. Dabei zeigt sich, daß es technisch besonders günstig sein kann, wenn der Mittenflächenbereich kugelig abgerundet und die Seitenbereiche kegelstumpfähnlich sind.The central bulge of the set that ignites the delay line is preferably conical; but it can also preferably correspond to a spherical segment surface. It is determined by the tool with which the primer is pressed into the cylindrical sleeve. It shows that it can be technically particularly favorable if the central surface area is rounded and the side areas are frustoconical.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung des Übergangs zwischen dem die Verzögerungsstrecke anzündenden Satz und dem ersten Verzögerungssatz ist nicht nur auf die oben beschriebenen geometrische Form zurückzuführen, sondern hängt entscheidend davon ab, daß die gewölbte Grenzfläche über den gesamten Querschnitt reicht. In der FR-A-2 151 495 ist der Anzündsatz des Treibsatzes eines Raketenmotors beispielsweise auch u.a. kegelförmig, die Grenzfläche zwischen Anzündsatz und Treibsatz überdeckt jedoch nicht den gesamten Querschnitt der Treibladung. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren würde eine derartige Geometrie der Grenzfläche nicht zum zuverlässigen Funktionieren - Übertragen der Reaktion des Übertragungssatzes auf den Verzögerungssatz - führen.The design according to the invention of the transition between the sentence that ignites the delay line and the first delay sentence is not only due to the geometric shape described above, but depends crucially on the fact that the curved interface extends over the entire cross section. In FR-A-2 151 495, the priming charge of the propellant charge of a rocket engine is also, for example, among others. conical, but the interface between the primer and the propellant does not cover the entire cross section of the propellant charge. In the method according to the invention, such a geometry of the interface would not lead to reliable functioning - transferring the reaction of the transfer set to the delay set.

Im Gegensatz zur FR-A-2 151 495 müssen bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Zündelement zuerst der Anzündsatz, dann vorzugsweise wenigstens ein Übertragungssatz und danach der wenigstens eine Verzögerungssatz eingeladen werden, wobei der Anzündsatz bzw. - falls vorhanden - der Übertragungssatz und bei mehreren Verzögerungssätzen nach Anspruch 2 bevorzugt auch noch der erste Verzögerungssatz mit einem Preßstift konkaver Preßfläche verdichtet werden. Nur durch dieses an sich ungewöhnliche Fertigungsverfahren wird die zuverlässige Reaktionsübertragung vom Anzündsatz bzw. Übertragungssatz auf den Verzögerungssatz erzielt.In contrast to FR-A-2 151 495, in the ignition element according to the invention first the ignition sentence, then preferably at least one transmission sentence and then the at least one delay sentence must be loaded, the ignition sentence or - if present - the transmission sentence and in the case of several Delay sets according to claim 2, preferably also the first delay set can be compressed with a pressing pin with a concave pressing surface. It is only through this manufacturing process, which is unusual per se, that reliable reaction transfer from the primer or transfer set to the delay set is achieved.

Der Kern der Erfindung liegt also in einer Verbesserung des Übergangs zwischen dem Anzündsatz und dem Verzögerungssatz. Die geometrische Ausbildung des den Verzögerungssatz bzw. den ersten von mehreren Verzögerungssätzen anzündenden Satzes leistet den größten Beitrag zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit. Dabei ist der die Verzögerungsstrecke anzündende Satz entweder von vornherein ein langsam brennender Anzündsatz oder es sind, besonders bevorzugt, zwischen dem Anzündsatz und der Verzögerungsstrecke gemäß Anspruch 3 wenigstens zwei Übertragungssätze vorhanden, wobei wenigstens der Mittenbereich des in Verzögerungsstrecke anzündenden Satzes in den ersten Verzögerungssatz hineinragt.The essence of the invention is therefore an improvement in the transition between the firing rate and the delay rate. The geometric design of the sentence that ignites the delay sentence or the first of several delay sentences makes the greatest contribution to increasing security. The set that ignites the delay line is either a slow-burning ignition set from the outset, or, particularly preferably, there are at least two transmission sets between the ignition set and the delay line according to claim 3, at least the middle region of the set igniting in the delay line protruding into the first delay set.

Die erfindungsgemäße Umgestaltung des Übergangsbereichs zwischen dem die Verzögerungsstrecke anzündenden Satz und dem ersten Verzögerungssatz, der "schwierigsten" Stelle innerhalb eines Zündelementes, wo es vor allem dann zu einem Versagen kommt, wenn weitere erschwerende Zusatzanforderungen, wie z.B. ein hoher Drall, dazukommen, läßt sich durch die Aufteilung des Übertragungssatzes in zwei oder mehr Sätze unterstützen, wodurch es möglich wird, die relativ großen Sprünge in der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit im Anzünd- und Verzögerungssatz zu verkleinern. Die Auswahl der Stoffe für die aufgeteilten Übertragungssätze steht im wesentlichen unter dem Gesichtspunkt, daß die Sprünge in den physikalischen Eigenschaftswerten an den Grenzflächen kleiner werden. Eine solche Maßnahme steigert die Zuverlässigkeit des Zündelements. Die Aufteilung des Übertragungssatzes in zwei oder mehrere Sätze mit sich in kleineren Sprüngen ändernden Eigenschaften kann es darüber hinaus möglich machen, daß der Verzögerungssatz Eigenschaften haben kann, die an sich noch mehr erwünscht sind, wie beispielsweise eine noch kleinere Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit, ein solches Material für den Verzögerungssatz aber bisher deswegen nicht in Frage kam, weil sonst der Übergang vom Anzündsatz zum Verzögerungssatz noch problematischer, weil zu verschieden, geworden wäre.The inventive redesign of the transition area between the set that ignites the delay line and the first set of delays, the "most difficult" point within an ignition element, where failure occurs above all if additional aggravating additional requirements, such as a high swirl, are added by dividing the transmission set into two or more sets, which makes it possible to reduce the relatively large jumps in the speed of reaction in the ignition and retardation sets. The choice of substances for the split transfer rates is essentially from the point of view that the jumps in the physical property values at the interfaces become smaller. Such a measure increases the reliability of the ignition element. The breakdown the transfer set into two or more sets with properties changing in smaller increments can also make it possible for the delay set to have properties that are even more desirable per se, such as an even lower reaction speed, but such a material for the delay set So far it was out of the question, because otherwise the transition from the primer to the retarding sentence would have become even more problematic because it was too different.

Eine weitere Verbesserung wird erreicht, wenn die sonst bekannten planparallelen Übertragungsbereiche zwischen den einzelnen Verzögerungssätzen gemäß Anspruch 4 verändert werden. Besonders bevorzugt ist dabei eine Änderung des Bereichs zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Verzögerungssatz. Die einzelnen Verzögerungssätze sind normalerweise chemisch und physikalisch gleichartig. Die Verzögerungsstrecke ist nur aus herstellungstechnischen Gründen in mehrere Sätze unterteilt. Es bedeutet praktisch keinen Mehraufwand, wenn die in Detonationsrichtung vordere Seite des ersten Verzögerungssatzes auch aufgewölbt ist, was mit dem gleichen Werkzeug erfolgen kann. Es wird mit dieser Maßnahme eine weitere Verbesserung der Zuverlässigkeit beobachtet.A further improvement is achieved if the otherwise known plane-parallel transmission ranges between the individual delay sets are changed. A change in the range between the first and second delay set is particularly preferred. The individual delay sets are usually chemically and physically identical. The delay line is divided into several sentences only for manufacturing reasons. It means practically no additional effort if the front side of the first deceleration set in the detonation direction is also bulged, which can be done with the same tool. With this measure, a further improvement in reliability is observed.

Die Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und weiter beispielhaft beschrieben.
Die Figur zeigt einen Schnitt durch ein Zündelement mit detonativem Ausgang.The invention is shown in the drawing and further described by way of example.
The figure shows a section through an ignition element with a detonative output.

Das Zündelement besteht aus einer zylindrischen Hülse 1 mit einem Außendurchmesser von 5 mm und einer Länge von 17 mm. In Richtung des Fortschritts der Detonationszone gesehen - in der Zeichnung von unten nach oben - besteht die erste Schicht 2, dem Anzündsatz, aus einem empfindlichen Friktionssatz hoher Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit, der mit einer Anstichnadel angezündet wird, und in dem die Reaktionszone mit einer Geschwindigkeit von ca. 500 mm/s fortschreitet.The ignition element consists of a cylindrical sleeve 1 with an outer diameter of 5 mm and a length of 17 mm. In the direction of the progress of the detonation zone - in the drawing from bottom to top - the first layer 2, the primer, consists of a sensitive friction set of high reaction speed, which is ignited with a piercing needle, and in which the reaction zone at a speed of approx. 500 mm / s progresses.

Das Zündelement ist für relativ lange Verzögerungszeiten - größenordnungsmäßig 10 s - ausgelegt. In der Verzögerungsstrecke liegt die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit unter 0,8 mm/s. Fertigungsbedingt besteht die Verzögerungsstrecke aus vier chemisch und physikalisch gleichartigen Sätzen 3, 4, 5, 6. Die Übertragungsstrecke besteht hier aus zwei Sätzen 7, 8, die sich in der chemischen Zusammensetzung unterscheiden und die so aufeinander abgestimmt sind, daß die Stufen der Eigenschaftswerte an den Grenzflächen möglichst klein sind.The ignition element is designed for relatively long delay times - of the order of 10 s. The response speed in the delay line is less than 0.8 mm / s. Due to the manufacturing process, the delay line consists of four chemically and physically identical sets 3, 4, 5, 6. The transmission line here consists of two sets 7, 8, which differ in chemical composition and which are coordinated with one another in such a way that the levels of the property values depend on the interfaces are as small as possible.

In diesem Beispiel ist zweimal beim Übergang zwischen den Sätzen von der erfindungsgemäßen Gestaltung des Übergangsbereichs bzw. der Gestaltung der Bodenfläche der üblicherweise zylindrischen Sätze Gebrauch gemacht. Als wichtigster Übergangsbereich wird die Fläche zwischen dem Übertragungssatz 8 und dem ersten Verzögerungssatz 3 angesehen. Darüber hinaus hat auch noch der Übergangsbereich von dem ersten Verzögerungssatz 3 zum zweiten Verzögerungssatz 4 die gleiche Form. Dieser zweite gewölbte Übergang wäre aufgrund der gleichen Zusammensetzung der Sätze 3 und 4 nicht unbedingt erforderlich. Es kommt jedoch bei der Pressung der vorderen Elementflächen auch noch zu einer besseren Verbindung zwischen dem Verzögerungssatz 3 und dem Übertragungssatz 8.In this example, twice during the transition between the sets, the design of the transition region according to the invention or the design of the bottom surface of the usually cylindrical sets is used. The area between the transmission set 8 and the first delay set 3 is regarded as the most important transition area. In addition, the transition area from the first delay set 3 to the second delay set 4 also has the same shape. This second arched transition would not be absolutely necessary due to the same composition of sentences 3 and 4. However, when the front element surfaces are pressed, there is also a better connection between the delay set 3 and the transmission set 8.

Der Ausgang des Zündelementes ist in bekannter Weise ausgeführt. An den letzten Verzögerungssatz 6 schließt sich eine Bleiazidladung 9 und an diese eine PETN-Ladung 10 an, die mit einem Aluminiumplättchen 11 abgedeckt ist. Die letzte Schicht 12 besteht aus einem Dichtungslack.The output of the ignition element is carried out in a known manner. The last delay set 6 is followed by a lead azide charge 9 and a PETN charge 10, which is covered with an aluminum plate 11. The last layer 12 consists of a sealing lacquer.

Bisher hat man bei einem Zündelement mit so langen Verzögerungszeiten, das als Detonator in Munition eingebaut ist, die mit 12 000 U/min und mehr rotiert, immer wieder ein Abreißen der Reaktion beobachtet. Mit Zündelementen, wie sie in der Figur dargestellt sind, wurden solche Versager selbst bei Rotationsgeschwindigkeiten von 17 000 U/min nicht mehr beobachtet. Auch die Anfälligkeit gegen Schocks und tiefe Temperaturen ist hier auffällig reduziert.So far, the reaction has repeatedly been observed with an ignition element with such long delay times, which is installed as a detonator in ammunition which rotates at 12,000 rpm and more. With ignition elements, as shown in the figure, such failures were no longer observed, even at rotational speeds of 17,000 rpm. The susceptibility to shocks and low temperatures is also noticeably reduced here.

Claims (4)

  1. Method for the production of an initiator, preferably with long delay time, the initiator having a cylindrical casing (1) with a forward and a rear end, in which at least one ignition charge (2) and a delay section formed of at least one delay charge (3) are arranged as layers behind one another, the charge igniting the delay charge (3) extending with its central region into the delay charge (3), and in which the forward end of the casing (1) is formed as detonative or flame generating outlet, characterised in that the at least one ignition charge (2) is initially pressed into the casing (1) from its forward end against the rear end of the casing (1), or at least a transmission charge (8), and, afterwards, the further charges (3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10) are pressed in, and the compressing of the charge (2, 8) igniting the delay charge (3) or the first delay charge when there are several delay charges is achieved with the assistance of a pressing rod with concave pressing surfaces.
  2. Process according to claim 1, characterised in that, additionally, at least the delay charge (3) too, or the first delay charge when there are several delay charges, is compressed with a pressing rod with concave pressing surface.
  3. Initiator produced according to the process of claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the charge igniting the delay charge (3) or first delay charge (3) of the delay section (3, 4, 5, 6) is a propagation charge (8) extending with its central region into the delay charge (3) and arranged between the ignition charge (2) and the delay charge (3) and that between the ignition charge (2) and the propagation charge (8) there is arranged at least one further propagation charge (7) and the propagation charges (7, 8) are built up from components such that the discontinuities in the properties, in particular the speed of reaction, are less at the boundary surfaces of the charges (2, 7, 8) or the delay charge (3) pressed onto one another.
  4. Initiator according to claim 3, characterised in that at least the first delay charge (3) of the delay section (3, 4, 5, 6) extends with its central region into the next delay charge (4).
EP89100116A 1988-01-09 1989-01-05 Initiator having a long delay Expired - Lifetime EP0324371B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3800455A DE3800455A1 (en) 1988-01-09 1988-01-09 IGNITION ELEMENT, PREFERABLY WITH A LONG DELAY TIME
DE3800455 1988-01-09

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0324371A2 EP0324371A2 (en) 1989-07-19
EP0324371A3 EP0324371A3 (en) 1989-11-02
EP0324371B1 true EP0324371B1 (en) 1995-03-15

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ID=6345021

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89100116A Expired - Lifetime EP0324371B1 (en) 1988-01-09 1989-01-05 Initiator having a long delay

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US (2) US5054396A (en)
EP (1) EP0324371B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE119994T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3800455A1 (en)
DK (1) DK4989A (en)
ES (1) ES2068839T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3015433T3 (en)
IL (1) IL88897A (en)
NO (1) NO170865C (en)
TR (1) TR25126A (en)

Families Citing this family (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2754051B3 (en) * 1989-03-20 1999-01-22 Breed Automotive Tech HIGH-TEMPERATURE, LOW-DEMAND STABLE PRIMER / DETONATOR AND METHOD FOR OBTAINING SAME
US5187319A (en) * 1990-09-20 1993-02-16 Societe Nationale Des Poudres Et Explosifs Low vulnerability component of explosive ammunition and process for initiating a charge of low-sensitivity composite explosive
IL96684A0 (en) * 1990-12-16 1991-09-16
US5204492A (en) * 1991-10-30 1993-04-20 Ici Explosives Usa Inc. Low noise, low shrapnel detonator assembly for initiating signal transmission lines
FR2704944B1 (en) * 1993-05-05 1995-08-04 Ncs Pyrotechnie Technologies Electro-pyrotechnic initiator.
IL108452A0 (en) * 1994-01-27 1994-11-11 Feigelson Leonid Autonomous electric detonator
DE10057673A1 (en) * 2000-11-21 2002-05-23 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh warhead
US6739264B1 (en) * 2002-11-04 2004-05-25 Key Safety Systems, Inc. Low cost ignition device for gas generators
AR064808A1 (en) * 2006-12-11 2009-04-29 African Explosives Ltd A METHOD FOR PREPARING A RIGID TIME RETARDING ELEMENT AND A RIGID TIME RETAINING ELEMENT
US8776689B2 (en) * 2011-03-25 2014-07-15 Vincent Gonsalves Energetics train reaction and method of making an intensive munitions detonator

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US2560452A (en) * 1947-06-04 1951-07-10 Canadian Ind Delay compositions for electric blasting caps
US2717204A (en) * 1952-05-02 1955-09-06 Du Pont Blasting initiator composition
US2878752A (en) * 1956-12-05 1959-03-24 Du Pont Blasting initiator
GB933742A (en) * 1960-12-09 1963-08-14 Canadian Ind Slow burning delay device
FR1285413A (en) * 1961-01-13 1962-02-23 Davey Bickford Smith & Cie Sa Electric detonators in time
FR1400588A (en) * 1964-04-14 1965-05-28 Delay element for electric detonators
US3372643A (en) * 1966-02-01 1968-03-12 United Shoe Machinery Corp Low explosive primerless formed charges
FR1576201A (en) * 1967-08-17 1969-07-25
US3688702A (en) * 1969-08-12 1972-09-05 Dynamit Nobel Ag Detonator device for explosive charge exhibiting detonating effect capable of bridging gap between spaced charges
FR2046583A5 (en) * 1970-04-29 1971-03-05 Explosifs Produits Chimi Delay action layers for detonators
US3945323A (en) * 1974-06-14 1976-03-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Impact and self-destruct fuze
US4005659A (en) * 1975-08-20 1977-02-01 Calspan Corporation Impact actuated projectile fuze
DE2852358C2 (en) * 1978-12-04 1986-09-11 Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf Process for the production of pressed explosive devices for ammunition or explosive charges, in particular of large caliber
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CA1259855A (en) * 1986-06-26 1989-09-26 Ghislain M. Dumas Pyrotechnic delay for high g's application

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0324371A2 (en) 1989-07-19
NO890058D0 (en) 1989-01-06
DE3800455A1 (en) 1989-07-20
NO170865B (en) 1992-09-07
ATE119994T1 (en) 1995-04-15
US5125335A (en) 1992-06-30
DK4989D0 (en) 1989-01-06
IL88897A0 (en) 1989-08-15
EP0324371A3 (en) 1989-11-02
US5054396A (en) 1991-10-08
DK4989A (en) 1989-07-10
IL88897A (en) 1994-10-21
TR25126A (en) 1992-10-01
NO890058L (en) 1989-07-10
DE58909103D1 (en) 1995-04-20
NO170865C (en) 1992-12-16
ES2068839T3 (en) 1995-05-01
GR3015433T3 (en) 1995-06-30

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