EP0322722B1 - Method and apparatus for forming lateral collars on sheet metal tubes - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for forming lateral collars on sheet metal tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0322722B1
EP0322722B1 EP88121335A EP88121335A EP0322722B1 EP 0322722 B1 EP0322722 B1 EP 0322722B1 EP 88121335 A EP88121335 A EP 88121335A EP 88121335 A EP88121335 A EP 88121335A EP 0322722 B1 EP0322722 B1 EP 0322722B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
necking
cone
mandrel
collar
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88121335A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0322722A3 (en
EP0322722A2 (en
Inventor
Waldemar Bauer
Bernd Ing.(Grad.) Schappler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Weba Westerbarkey & Co Kg GmbH
Original Assignee
Weba Westerbarkey & Co Kg GmbH
Weba Westerbarkey & Co Kg GmbH
Westerbarkey Weba & Co KG GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Weba Westerbarkey & Co Kg GmbH, Weba Westerbarkey & Co Kg GmbH, Westerbarkey Weba & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Weba Westerbarkey & Co Kg GmbH
Publication of EP0322722A2 publication Critical patent/EP0322722A2/en
Publication of EP0322722A3 publication Critical patent/EP0322722A3/en
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Publication of EP0322722B1 publication Critical patent/EP0322722B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/28—Making tube fittings for connecting pipes, e.g. U-pieces
    • B21C37/29—Making branched pieces, e.g. T-pieces
    • B21C37/292—Forming collars by drawing or pushing a rigid forming tool through an opening in the tube wall

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for necking sheet metal tubes on a preferably oval side cutout by means of a mandrel for the tube and a necking die placed on the cutout, which cooperates with a necking cone.
  • the difficulty is to cut an opening in the one pipe to which the other pipe is to be connected, which allows the penetration of the two cylindrical body and cut the other tube at its end so that the penetration curve is created.
  • the butt welding or soldering of the pipes prepared in this way is associated with considerable difficulties, requires extraordinary manual dexterity and is also very time-consuming. For this reason, a transition has been made to provide the sheet metal pipes to which a further pipe is to be connected with a neck.
  • the first tube is provided with a preferably oval lateral cutout and the tube is pushed onto a mandrel in which a necking cone is loosely arranged in a corresponding cavity.
  • the cutout of the tube is centered with the cone and then a necking die is placed on the tube, also centered, and a threaded rod is screwed into a central threaded hole of the necking cone.
  • This is connected to the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder which is mounted on the necking die.
  • the necking cone is then pulled out of the tube by means of the hydraulic cylinder and thereby deforms the surroundings of the oval cutout, bearing against the necking die, so that the sheet metal tube is necked out.
  • the necking device After dismantling the necking device, unscrewing the necking cone and pulling off the tube from the holding mandrel, the second tube, the connecting tube, can then be welded or soldered to the necking of the tube thus produced, optionally while straightening the edge of the necking, such as to a tubular flange or a pipe joint.
  • GB-A-807 608 proposes a device in which one or more mandrels are pressed from the inside through the wall of the pipe (which can also be pre-punched accordingly) and from the outside At this point, a half-shell rests on the tube, in which one or more hollow shapes are formed which, in cooperation with the spikes pressed out from the inside of the tube, form the connecting pieces from the outside. It is advantageous if the tube is preheated.
  • GB-A-749 794 relates to a necking device in which a holding mandrel is introduced into the pipe to be necked, which has approximately the same diameter as the pipe to be necked, and in which a recess is provided in which a necking cone is provided which with an opening provided through the opening in the pipe to be necked, gripped with a screw and pulled through the opening.
  • the screw is guided in a yoke supported next to the necking point against the pipe to be necked.
  • This device is intended for (relatively) thick-walled, forged or rolled pipes; their use would lead to the unfolding, even tearing, of the material to be deformed when trying to neck out thin-walled sheet metal tubes.
  • US-A-2 368 394 against which the independent claim 1 is delimited, describes a device for necking sheet metal tubes, in which the tube to be necked is placed on a mandrel of approximately the same diameter, and in which the tube to be necked in another The area around the necking point is held down by hold-down devices which sit positively on the pipe.
  • a necking cone with a necking matrix acts for necking out together, the necking cone deforming the material present in the area of the necking without cutting in the manner of a deep-drawing tool.
  • the necking die is constructed in two parts; This design makes it unsuitable for economical use in thin-walled pipes, such as those required in ventilation and air-conditioning technology: the two outer jaws of the necking die, which have to be pushed laterally over the pipe, must necessarily have a certain distance from one another when closed or pushed together , so that they fit tightly and tightly against the pipe, and with which inaccuracies, certain differences in the sheet thickness and the like can be compensated; if they lie together with their mutually opposing edges in the closed state without a joint, it is not possible to exert the required pressure on a sheet metal tube.
  • Necking out a thin-walled sheet metal tube therefore inevitably leads to an extremely disadvantageous bulge in the sheet metal occurring precisely at the point of the joint, that is to say at two opposite points of the necking, during the necking process, the sheet metal of the tube deforms in an undesired manner and not Sufficiently rounded corners of the two holding jaws additionally present the risk of tearing, which in turn provides an even larger space for the undesired deformation of the sheet during necking.
  • the invention has set itself the task of avoiding these disadvantages in the previously known necking of pipes and proposing a device with which the necking of sheet metal pipes largely automatically with very little expenditure of time can be carried out, ensuring that unwanted deformation and bulging of the sheet metal tubes is avoided during the necking.
  • a device is characterized in that the resilient coupling takes place by means of radially projecting, resilient pawls on the necking cone or on the piston rod, and the necking die is in the form of a lowerable one-piece support shell of approximately the same length of the holding mandrel, which is provided with a through-opening, which is opposite to the recess for the neck cone coaxially and also coaxially opposite the piston rod, a trigger pot that can be pushed forward on a rod is provided, which with its outer edge presses back the spring-loaded pawls on the piston rod or neck cone, accommodates the latter and returns to its starting position in the recess of the arbor.
  • radially protruding pawls are known in principle from WO 83/04379; This document relates to a rotor bearing of a centrifuge, in which the rotor shaft can be axially displaced to come into engagement with the drive.
  • the cover covering the centrifuge must be lockable so that removal of the rotor of the centrifuge is prevented during rotation.
  • radially protruding pawls are provided on the rotor shaft, which cooperate with corresponding recesses in such a way that the rotor covered with a covering hood cannot be removed in the locked position, and that the pawls are released and the rotor only after the rotor shaft and drive have been decoupled Cover is removable.
  • the entire inner surface of the tube lies outside the neck opening the arbor; it is encompassed by the one-piece necking die of approximately the same length as the holding mandrel as a support shell up to the mandrel diameter lying transversely to the necking, whereby it is positively supported on the one hand over a sufficient length and on the other hand is held in the same area by the die from the outside. This reliably prevents bulging, folding or even tearing of the material that is deformed without cutting during necking.
  • the neck cone is provided with a central through hole for receiving the free end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, which is to be coupled to the neck cone by means of radially projecting, resilient pawls.
  • Spring-loaded pawls are arranged on the free ends of the piston rod at at least two radially opposite points, the pivot bearings of which are adjacent to the end of the piston rod.
  • At least two radially opposite spring-loaded pawls, the pivot bearings of which lie opposite the wide end of the cone can also be arranged in the through hole of the necking cone at its wide end.
  • the mandrel has opposite supports for this cone at the largest transverse diameter of the recess for the necking cone.
  • the device is designed in such a way that the holding mandrel is tubular and has a recess in the form of the penetration of the necking with the tube, which are provided with flat contact surfaces for the necking cone at the deepest points opposite one another.
  • the device according to the invention it is possible to push a tube consisting of relatively very thin sheet metal, which is already provided with a lateral oval cutout elsewhere, on the tubular mandrel and after aligning the cutout in the tube to the necking cone To put the device into action, which then lowers the necking die with the surrounding half-shell and presses the pipe against the mandrel over a large area. Then the piston rod already aligned in the machine with the taper neck and die is lowered and couples automatically attaches itself to the neck cone, which is then immediately pulled out through the neck matrix and the neck is formed on the tube.
  • the necked-out pipe is released and can be pulled off the mandrel, whereupon the release cup is pushed up through the mandrel in order to release the pawls which connect the necking cone to the piston rod, pick up the necking cone and lead back to its support in the mandrel. Then a new work cycle can begin immediately.
  • an elongated hole 2 with an oval or flat-oval outline is laterally cut or punched into a tube 1.
  • a neck 3 is formed on the tube 1 at the location of this hole 2, which is used in the form of a collar or flange for attaching and welding or soldering another tube.
  • This necking 3 can run at right angles to the axis of the tube 1, but it can also be designed inclined at an angle if the tube to be connected is to derive at such an angle.
  • the device according to FIG. 3 essentially consists of a holding mandrel 4 which is fixed to the frame and which is advantageously designed in the form of a tube made of strong material.
  • the mandrel 4 has about 3 times the length of the diameter of the neck 3 in the tube, which is indicated here by the thin line 1.
  • a wide opening 5 is provided, the boundary 6 of which corresponds to the penetration of the neckline to be produced with the tube 1.
  • a small, likewise round opening 7 is arranged in the holding mandrel centrally on this opening 5 on the opposite side of the holding mandrel 4.
  • a half-shell 8 is placed, about the same length of the mandrel.
  • This half-shell 8 surrounds the mandrel 4 taking into account the sheet thickness of the tube 1 over its entire upper half up to the largest diameter of the mandrel, which is transverse to the neck.
  • the necking die 9 is fixedly arranged, the inner opening 10 of which corresponds to the cutout 5 in the holding mandrel and adjoins the boundary 6 of this holding opening 5 with a rounded edge.
  • the attachment on the half-shell 8, referred to as the necking die 9, is reproduced here for clarification only to a considerable extent; it may also be missing if the material thickness of the half-shell 8 is sufficient to ensure adequate guidance of the sheet when pulling the neck.
  • FIG. 4 Such an embodiment is shown in FIG. 4 and the following. In these figures, the device is further described and its function is immediately explained. 4 and 5, the tube 1 provided with the lateral cutout 2 is pushed onto the mandrel 4. In the upper opening 5 of the tube, the necking cone 11 is inserted in such a way that it lies securely on opposite sides on flat surfaces 9 formed there on the boundary 6 of the opening 5. The neck cone 11 is provided with a central through hole 13. The tube 1 pushed onto the mandrel 4 is aligned with its cutout 2 centrally with respect to the necking cone 11.
  • a stop can be arranged on the holding mandrel, which limits the length of the pipe 1 being pushed on, and furthermore a marking can be attached to the pipe, which is to be aligned with a corresponding marking on the holding mandrel or the stop when pushed on.
  • the half-shell 8 is held above the mandrel 4 on a vertically displaceable slide 14, above which the hydraulic cylinder 15 is also arranged, the piston rod 16 of which projects downward and is centered with respect to the through hole 13 of the necking cone 11.
  • the piston rod 16 of which projects downward and is centered with respect to the through hole 13 of the necking cone 11.
  • two spring-loaded pawls 17 are arranged radially opposite one another, the pivot point of which lies directly adjacent to the end face of the piston rods. It can be seen that these pawls 17 begin due to their spring loading similar to barbs at the end of the piston rod, protrude obliquely from this.
  • the diameter of the piston rod 16 corresponds to the diameter of the through hole 13 in the end cone.
  • the carriage 14 is lowered and thus the half-shell 8 is pressed onto the mandrel 4 with the interposition of the tube 1 pushed onto the mandrel.
  • the piston rod 16 has already been lowered and, as will be explained in more detail later , after immersion in the through hole of the neck cone 11 couples to it.
  • the piston rod is then pulled upward again from its cylinder and has pulled the neck cone 11 upward while necking out the tube 1.
  • the neck 3 can be seen particularly well in FIG. 6. It can also be seen that during the entire necking process, the sheet metal of the tube lies against the mandrel 4 on its entire inner surface and is held in its upper half by the half-shell 8 against the mandrel 4, so that an unwanted deformation or bulge cannot occur. Only the areas of the tube 1 that are to be deformed are exposed and can be pressed against the limiting cutout 18 or 10 according to FIG. 3 by the necking cone, so that clear deformation and guidance also take place here.
  • the half-shell with the sled will move up again and the tube 1 which has been pulled out can be pulled off the mandrel 4.
  • a release pot 19 arranged coaxially below the holding mandrel 4 is raised on a rod 20, through the opening 7 which is now opened in the holding mandrel, until it rests against the lower end of the piston rod 16.
  • the arrangement is such that the end of the piston rod 16 is suitably inserted into a cavity 21 of the trigger pot 19, the pawls 17 in the piston rod being pressed back against their spring loading.
  • the neck cone 11 is released so that it can slide off the piston rod 16 and rests on the upper edge of the trigger pot 19.
  • a circular groove is appropriately occupied in the neck cone 11, surrounding the end of the piston rod, in which the upper edge of the trigger pot 19 can be positively inserted.
  • the neck cone thus loosened from the piston rod 16 is then guided downward by the trigger pot 19 until it rests on the flat surfaces 9 which delimit the opening 5 of the holding mandrel 4 and remains there, while the trigger pot returns to its initial position accordingly Fig. 5 and previous is withdrawn. This completes the largely automatic work cycle and a next one can begin.
  • FIGS. 9 to 13 A working cycle of the neck cone is explained with reference to FIGS. 9 to 13.
  • Fig. 9 it is shown that the piston rod 16 has penetrated the central through hole 13 of the neck cone 11.
  • the pawls 17, which were pushed in when the piston rod was pushed through the through hole 13, were pushed out of the piston rod under the action of their springs and lay like barbs against the underside of the neck cone 11.
  • the piston rod 16 was thus firmly connected or coupled to the neck cone 11.
  • the trigger pot 19 is pushed upwards from below in the direction of arrow A by means of the rod 20.
  • the trigger pot 19 slides over the end of the piston rod 16 protruding from the cone 11 and presses the pawls 17 against the action of their springs back into the piston rod 16. This state has been reached in FIG. 10. Thus, the coupling between the piston rod 16 and the neck cone 11 is released and the neck cone 11 can sit on the upper edge of the trigger pot 19 and slide off the piston rod 16.
  • the trigger pot is pulled down in the direction of arrow B, the necking cone lies on its upper edge, expediently positively connected with an annular groove which surrounds the through hole 13 on the underside of the cone and has the same outer diameter as the trigger pot .
  • the necking cone 11 lies on the two opposing support levels 9 and is thus returned to its starting position, corresponding to FIG. 12.
  • the trigger pot 19 is pulled further down in the direction of the arrow, out of the mandrel 4, corresponding to FIG. 13, until it has reached its starting position again.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)

Abstract

Method and apparatus for forming lateral collars at a preferably oval lateral cutout of a sheet metal tube by means of a holding mandrel for the tube and a collar-forming die which is placed on the cutout and through which a collar-forming cone is pulled. To avoid unwanted deformations and bulging during the formation of the lateral collar, a large area of the surface of the tube (1) around the cutout rests on the holding mandrel (4), half of which is overlapped, as far as the largest diameter transverse to the lateral collar and approximately over its entire length, by a half-shell (8), in which the collar-forming die is formed. The length of the holding mandrel corresponds approximately to three times the diameter of the lateral collar (3) and is designed in such a way that, outside the opening of the lateral collar, the entire inner surface of the tube (1) rests against the holding mandrel (4), and the collar-forming die (8), of approximately the same length as the holding mandrel and functioning as a supporting shell, surrounds the said mandrel and the tube placed on it as far as the mandrel diameter lying transversely to the lateral collar, and the collar-forming cone (11) is provided with a central through hole (13) for receiving the free end of the piston rod (16) of the hydraulic cylinder (15), the said free end being couplable to the collar-forming cone (11) by means of projecting sprung radial pawls (17). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung zum Aushalsen von Blechrohren an einem vorzugsweise ovalen seitlichen Ausschnitt mittels eines Aufnahmedorns für das Rohr sowie einer auf den Ausschnitt aufgesetzten Aushalsmatrize, die mit einem Aushalskegel zusammenwirkt.The invention relates to a device for necking sheet metal tubes on a preferably oval side cutout by means of a mandrel for the tube and a necking die placed on the cutout, which cooperates with a necking cone.

Wenn an Blechrohre, die verhältnismäßig dünnwandig sind ein seitlich abgehendes weiteres Rohr angeschlossen werden soll, besteht die Schwierigkeit darin, in das eine Rohr, an das das andere Rohr angeschlossen werden soll, ein Öffnungsloch zu schneiden, das der Durchdringung der beiden zylindrischen Körper entspricht und das andere Rohr an seinem Ende derart abzuschneiden, daß die Durchdringungskurve entsteht. Das stumpfe Aufschweißen oder Löten der so vorbereiteten Rohre ist mit erheblichen Schwierigkeiten verbunden, erfordert außerordentliche handwerkliche Geschicklichkeit und ist auch sehr zeitaufwendig. Man ist deshalb dazu übergegangen die Blechrohre, an denen ein weiteres Rohr angeschlossen werden soll, mit einer Aushalsung zu versehen. Dazu wird das erste Rohr mit einem vorzugsweise ovalen seitlichen Ausschnitt versehen und das Rohr auf einen Aufnahmedorn geschoben, in dem ein Aushalskegel in einem entsprechenden Hohlraum lose angeordnet ist. Der Ausschnitt des Rohres wird mit dem Kegel zentriert und sodann wird auf das Rohr, ebenfalls zentriert eine Aushalsmatrize aufgesetzt und in ein zentrisches Gewindeloch des Aushalskegels wird eine Gewindestange eingeschraubt. Diese ist mit der Kolbenstange eines Hydraulikzylinders verbunden, der auf der Aushalsmatrize gelagert ist. Mittels des Hydraulikzylinders wird sodann der Aushalskegel aus dem Rohr herausgezogen und verformt dabei die Umgebung des ovalen Ausschnittes unter Anlage an die Aushalsmatrize, so daß eine Aushalsung des Blechrohres entsteht. Nach Abbau der Aushalsvorrichtung, Abschrauben des Aushalskegels und Abziehen des Rohres von dem Aufnahmedorn kann dann an die so hergestellte Aushalsung des Rohres, gegebenenfalls unter Begradigung der Kante der Aushalsung das zweite Rohr, das Anschlußrohr, angeschweißt oder angelötet werden, wie an einen rohrförmigen Flansch oder einen Rohrstoß.If a laterally outgoing further pipe is to be connected to sheet metal pipes which are relatively thin-walled, the difficulty is to cut an opening in the one pipe to which the other pipe is to be connected, which allows the penetration of the two cylindrical body and cut the other tube at its end so that the penetration curve is created. The butt welding or soldering of the pipes prepared in this way is associated with considerable difficulties, requires extraordinary manual dexterity and is also very time-consuming. For this reason, a transition has been made to provide the sheet metal pipes to which a further pipe is to be connected with a neck. For this purpose, the first tube is provided with a preferably oval lateral cutout and the tube is pushed onto a mandrel in which a necking cone is loosely arranged in a corresponding cavity. The cutout of the tube is centered with the cone and then a necking die is placed on the tube, also centered, and a threaded rod is screwed into a central threaded hole of the necking cone. This is connected to the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder which is mounted on the necking die. The necking cone is then pulled out of the tube by means of the hydraulic cylinder and thereby deforms the surroundings of the oval cutout, bearing against the necking die, so that the sheet metal tube is necked out. After dismantling the necking device, unscrewing the necking cone and pulling off the tube from the holding mandrel, the second tube, the connecting tube, can then be welded or soldered to the necking of the tube thus produced, optionally while straightening the edge of the necking, such as to a tubular flange or a pipe joint.

Diese bekannte Vorrichtung zum Aushalsen von Rohren erfordert einen nicht unbedeutenden Zeitaufwand und es hat sich in der Praxis ergeben, daß die derart ausgehalsten Rohre, insbesondere dann wenn der Durchmesser des Rohres und der Durchmesser der Aushalsung annähernd gleich groß sind, im Bereich der Aushalsung Verformungen und Verbeulungen aufweisen, die nicht nur unschön aussehen, sondern auch bei der Weiterverarbeitung des Rohres und beim späteren Einsatz nachteilig sind.This known device for necking pipes requires a not insignificant amount of time and it has been found in practice that the pipes which have been thus necked out, in particular when the diameter of the tube and the diameter of the neckline are approximately the same size, are deformed and deformed in the area of the neckline Show dents that are not only unsightly look, but are also disadvantageous in the further processing of the tube and later use.

Um an (relativ) dickwandige Rohre seitliche Anschlußstutzen anzuformen, schlägt die GB-A- 807 608 eine Vorrichtung vor, bei der von innen her ein oder mehrere Dorne durch die Wandung des Rohres (die auch entsprechend vorgelocht sein kann) gedrückt werden und von außen her an dieser Stelle auf dem Rohr eine Halbschale aufliegt, in der eine oder mehrere Hohlformen ausgebildet sind, die im Zusammenwirken mit den vom Inneren des Rohres her ausgedrückten Dornen die Stutzen von außen her formen. Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das Rohr vorerhitzt wird. Die GB-A- 749 794 betrifft eine Aushalsvorrichtung, bei der ein Aufnahmedorn in das auszuhalsende Rohr eingeführt wird, der etwa den gleichen Durchmesser aufweist, wie das auszuhalsende Rohr, und in dem eine Aussparung vorgesehen ist, in der ein Aushalskegel vorgesehen ist, der mit einer durch die Öffnung im auszuhalsenden Rohr vorgesehenen Öffnung hindurch mit einer Schraube erfaßt und durch die Öffnung gezogen wird. Die Schraube wird in einem neben der Aushalsstelle gegen das auszuhalsende Rohr abgestützten Joch geführt. Durch diese Vorrichtung wird ein Ansatzstutzen gebildet, der in einem zweiten Arbeitsgang kalibriert werden muß. Diese Vorrichtung ist für (relativ) dickwandige, geschmiedete oder gewalzte Rohre vorgesehen; ihr Einsatz würde beim Versuch, dünnwandige Blechrohre auszuhalsen, zu einer Zerfaltung, ja sogar zu einem Reißen des beim Aushalsen zu verformenden Materials führen.In order to form lateral connecting pieces on (relatively) thick-walled pipes, GB-A-807 608 proposes a device in which one or more mandrels are pressed from the inside through the wall of the pipe (which can also be pre-punched accordingly) and from the outside At this point, a half-shell rests on the tube, in which one or more hollow shapes are formed which, in cooperation with the spikes pressed out from the inside of the tube, form the connecting pieces from the outside. It is advantageous if the tube is preheated. GB-A-749 794 relates to a necking device in which a holding mandrel is introduced into the pipe to be necked, which has approximately the same diameter as the pipe to be necked, and in which a recess is provided in which a necking cone is provided which with an opening provided through the opening in the pipe to be necked, gripped with a screw and pulled through the opening. The screw is guided in a yoke supported next to the necking point against the pipe to be necked. With this device, a neck piece is formed, which must be calibrated in a second operation. This device is intended for (relatively) thick-walled, forged or rolled pipes; their use would lead to the unfolding, even tearing, of the material to be deformed when trying to neck out thin-walled sheet metal tubes.

Weiter beschreibt die US-A-2 368 394, gegen die den unabhängige Anspruch 1 abgegrenzt ist, eine Vorrichtung zum Aushalsen von Blechrohren, bei der das auszuhalsende Rohr auf einen Aufnahmedorn von etwa gleichem Durchmesser aufgesetzt ist, und bei der das auszuhalsende Rohr in weiterer Umgebung der Aushalsstelle von Niederhaltern, die formschlüssig auf dem Rohr aufsitzen, gehalten ist. Zum Aushalsen wirkt ein Aushalskegel mit einer Aushalsmatrize zusammen, wobei der Aushalskegel in Art eines Tiefziehwerkzeugs das im Bereich des Aushalsen vorliegende Material spanlos verformt. Damit der Aushalskegel mit der Aushalsmatrize in der beschriebenen Art zusammenwirken kann, ist am Ort des Aushalsen eine Öffnung vorgesehen, deren Durchmesser kleiner ist, als der Durchmesser des durch das Aushalsen zu bildenden Ansatzstutzens, und deren Form vorzugsweise oval ist. Bei dieser Vorrichtung, die für starkwandige Rohre vorgesehen ist, ist die Aushalsmatrize zweiteilig ausgebildet; durch diese Ausbildung wird sie für eine wirtschaftliche Anwendung bei dünnwandigen Rohren, etwa wie in der Lüftungs- und Klimatechnik benötigt, ungeeignet: Die beiden seitlich über das Rohr zu schiebenden äußeren Backen der Aushalsmatrize müssen in geschlossenem bzw. zusammengeschobenem Zustand notwendigerweise einen gewissen Abstand voneinander haben, damit sie dicht und festgepreßt an das Rohr anliegen, und mit dem Ungenauigkeiten, gewisse Differenzen in der Blechstärke und dgl., ausgeglichen werden können; liegen sie nämlich mit ihren gegeneinanderliegenden Kanten in geschlossenem Zustand fugenlos aneinander, ist es nicht möglich, damit die erforderliche Pressung auf ein Blechrohr auszuüben. Ein Aushalsen eines dünnwandigen Blechrohres führt daher unvermeidbar dazu, daß gerade an der Stelle der Fuge, also an zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Stellen der Aushalsung, eine äußerst nachteilige Ausbeulung im Blech während des Aushalsvorganges eintritt, das Blech des Rohres verformt sich in ungewollter Weise und bei nicht ausreichend abgerundeten Ecken der beiden Haltebacken besteht zusätzlich die Gefahr des Einreißens, wodurch wiederum ein noch größerer Raum zur ungewollten Verformung des Bleches während des Aushalsens gegeben ist.Furthermore, US-A-2 368 394, against which the independent claim 1 is delimited, describes a device for necking sheet metal tubes, in which the tube to be necked is placed on a mandrel of approximately the same diameter, and in which the tube to be necked in another The area around the necking point is held down by hold-down devices which sit positively on the pipe. A necking cone with a necking matrix acts for necking out together, the necking cone deforming the material present in the area of the necking without cutting in the manner of a deep-drawing tool. So that the neck cone can interact with the neck matrix in the manner described, an opening is provided at the location of the neck, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the neck piece to be formed by the necking, and the shape of which is preferably oval. In this device, which is intended for thick-walled tubes, the necking die is constructed in two parts; This design makes it unsuitable for economical use in thin-walled pipes, such as those required in ventilation and air-conditioning technology: the two outer jaws of the necking die, which have to be pushed laterally over the pipe, must necessarily have a certain distance from one another when closed or pushed together , so that they fit tightly and tightly against the pipe, and with which inaccuracies, certain differences in the sheet thickness and the like can be compensated; if they lie together with their mutually opposing edges in the closed state without a joint, it is not possible to exert the required pressure on a sheet metal tube. Necking out a thin-walled sheet metal tube therefore inevitably leads to an extremely disadvantageous bulge in the sheet metal occurring precisely at the point of the joint, that is to say at two opposite points of the necking, during the necking process, the sheet metal of the tube deforms in an undesired manner and not Sufficiently rounded corners of the two holding jaws additionally present the risk of tearing, which in turn provides an even larger space for the undesired deformation of the sheet during necking.

Die Erfindung hat sich die Aufgabe gestellt, diese Nachteile beim bisher bekannten Aushalsen von Rohren zu vermeiden und eine Vorrichtung vorzuschlagen, mit der das Aushalsen von Blechrohren weitgehend selbsttätig mit sehr geringem Zeitaufwand durchgeführt werden kann, wobei sichergestellt wird, daß eine ungewollte Verformung und Ausbeulung der Blechrohre während des Aushalsens vermieden wird.The invention has set itself the task of avoiding these disadvantages in the previously known necking of pipes and proposing a device with which the necking of sheet metal pipes largely automatically with very little expenditure of time can be carried out, ensuring that unwanted deformation and bulging of the sheet metal tubes is avoided during the necking.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist eine Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die federnde Ankupplung mittels radial vorstehender, federnder Klinken an den Aushalskegel oder an der Kolbenstange erfolgt, und die Aushalsmatrize die Form einer absenkbaren einstückigen Stützschale von etwa gleicher Länge des Aufnahmedornes hat, der mit einer Durchgangsöffnung versehen ist, die der Ausnehmung für den Aushalskegel gleichachsig gegenüberliegt und ebenfalls gleichachsig der Kolbenstange gegenüberliegend, ein an einer Stange vorschiebbarer Auslösetopf vorgesehen ist, der mit seinem äußeren Rand die federbelasteten Klinken an der Kolbenstange oder am Aushalskegel zurückdrückt, den letzteren aufnimmt und in seine Ausgangslage in der Ausnehmung des Aufnahmedorns zurückführt. Die Anwendung radial abstehender Sperrklinken ist im Grundsatz aus der WO 83/04379 bekannt; Diese Druckschrift betrifft eine Rotorlagerung einer Zentrifuge, bei der der Rotorschaft axial verschoben werden kann, um in Eingriff mit dem Antrieb zu kommen. Dabei muß die die Zentrifuge abdeckende Abdeckhaube verriegelbar sein, so daß ein Entnehmen des Rotors der Zentrifuge während des Rotierens verhindert wird. Dazu sind an dem Rotorschaft radial abstehende Sperrklinken vorgesehen, die mit korrespondierenden Aussparungen so zusammenwirken, daß in verriegelter Stellung der mit einer Abdeckhaube abgedeckte Rotor nicht abgenommen werden kann, und daß erst nachdem Rotorschaft und Antrieb entkoppelt sind, die Sperrklinken gelöst sind und der Rotor mit Abdeckhaube abnehmbar ist.To achieve this object, a device according to the invention is characterized in that the resilient coupling takes place by means of radially projecting, resilient pawls on the necking cone or on the piston rod, and the necking die is in the form of a lowerable one-piece support shell of approximately the same length of the holding mandrel, which is provided with a through-opening, which is opposite to the recess for the neck cone coaxially and also coaxially opposite the piston rod, a trigger pot that can be pushed forward on a rod is provided, which with its outer edge presses back the spring-loaded pawls on the piston rod or neck cone, accommodates the latter and returns to its starting position in the recess of the arbor. The use of radially protruding pawls is known in principle from WO 83/04379; This document relates to a rotor bearing of a centrifuge, in which the rotor shaft can be axially displaced to come into engagement with the drive. The cover covering the centrifuge must be lockable so that removal of the rotor of the centrifuge is prevented during rotation. For this purpose, radially protruding pawls are provided on the rotor shaft, which cooperate with corresponding recesses in such a way that the rotor covered with a covering hood cannot be removed in the locked position, and that the pawls are released and the rotor only after the rotor shaft and drive have been decoupled Cover is removable.

Bei der etwa dem 3-fachen Durchmesser der Aushalsung entsprechenden Länge das Aufnahmedornes liegt das Rohr außerhalb der Aushalsungsöffnung mit seiner gesamten Innenfläche an dem Aufnahmedorn an; es wird von der einstückigen Aushalsmatrize von etwa gleicher Länge wie der Aufnahmedorn als Stützschale bis zu dem quer zur Aushalsung liegenden Dorndurchmesser umgriffen, wodurch es zum einen über eine hinreichende Länge formschlüssig abgestützt und zum anderen im gleichen Bereich durch die Matrize von außen gegengehalten ist. Dadurch wird ein Ausbeulen, ein Zerfalten oder gar ein Zerreißen des beim Aushalsen spanlos verformten Materials sicher vermieden. Der Aushalskegel ist mit einem zentralen Durchgangsloch versehen, zur Aufnahme des freien Endes der Kolbenstange des Hydraulikzylinders, das mittels radial vorstehender, federnder Klinken an den Aushalskegel anzukuppeln ist. An den freien Enden der Kolbenstange sind an mindestens zwei radial einander gegenüberliegenden Stellen federbelastete Klinken angeordnet, deren Schwenklager dem Ende der Kolbenstange benachbart sind. Es können auch in dem Durchgangsloch des Aushalskegels an seinem weiten Ende mindestens zwei radial einander gegenüberliegende federbelastete Klinken angeordnet sein, deren Schwenklager dem weiten Ende des Kegels entgegensetzt liegen. Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform weist der Aufnahmedorn am größten Querdurchmesser der Ausnehmung für den Aushalskegel einander gegenüberliegende Auflager für diesen Kegel auf.With the length of the holding mandrel corresponding approximately to 3 times the diameter of the neck, the entire inner surface of the tube lies outside the neck opening the arbor; it is encompassed by the one-piece necking die of approximately the same length as the holding mandrel as a support shell up to the mandrel diameter lying transversely to the necking, whereby it is positively supported on the one hand over a sufficient length and on the other hand is held in the same area by the die from the outside. This reliably prevents bulging, folding or even tearing of the material that is deformed without cutting during necking. The neck cone is provided with a central through hole for receiving the free end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, which is to be coupled to the neck cone by means of radially projecting, resilient pawls. Spring-loaded pawls are arranged on the free ends of the piston rod at at least two radially opposite points, the pivot bearings of which are adjacent to the end of the piston rod. At least two radially opposite spring-loaded pawls, the pivot bearings of which lie opposite the wide end of the cone, can also be arranged in the through hole of the necking cone at its wide end. According to an advantageous embodiment, the mandrel has opposite supports for this cone at the largest transverse diameter of the recess for the necking cone.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Vorrichtung derart ausgebildet, daß der Aufnahmedorn rohrförmig ausgebildet ist und eine Ausnehmung in der Form der Durchdringung der Aushalsung mit dem Rohr aufweist, die an den einander gegenüberliegenden tiefsten Stellen mit ebenen Auflageflächen für den Aushalskegel versehen sind.In a preferred embodiment, the device is designed in such a way that the holding mandrel is tubular and has a recess in the form of the penetration of the necking with the tube, which are provided with flat contact surfaces for the necking cone at the deepest points opposite one another.

Mit der Vorrichtung nach der Erfindung ist es möglich, ein auch aus verhältnismäßig sehr dünnem Blech bestehendes Rohr, das bereits an anderer Stelle mit einem seitlichen ovalen Ausschnitt versehen ist, auf den rohrartigen Aufnahmedorn zu schieben und nach Ausrichtung des Ausschnittes in dem Rohr zum Aushalskegel die Vorrichtung in Tätigkeit zu setzen, die sodann die Aushalsmatrize mit der umgebenden Halbschale absenkt und das Rohr gegen den Dorn weitflächig aufpreßt. Sodann senkt sich die in der Maschine bereits auf Aushalskegel und Aushalsmatrize ausgerichtete Kolbenstange ab und kuppelt sich selbsttätig an den Aushalskegel an, der daraufhin sogleich durch die Aushalsmatrize unter Ausformung der Aushalsung an dem Rohr herausgezogen wird. Nach selbsttätigem Abheben der Aushalsmatrize mit ihrer halben Rohrschale ist das ausgehalste Rohr freigegeben und kann von dem Dorn abgezogen werden, woraufhin der Auslösetopf durch den Dorn hindurch hochgeschoben wird, um die Klinken, die den Aushalskegel mit der Kolbenstange verbinden, auszulösen, den Aushalskegel aufzunehmen und wieder zurück auf seine Auflage in dem Aufnahmedorn zu führen. Sodann kann sogleich ein neues Arbeitsspiel beginnen.With the device according to the invention, it is possible to push a tube consisting of relatively very thin sheet metal, which is already provided with a lateral oval cutout elsewhere, on the tubular mandrel and after aligning the cutout in the tube to the necking cone To put the device into action, which then lowers the necking die with the surrounding half-shell and presses the pipe against the mandrel over a large area. Then the piston rod already aligned in the machine with the taper neck and die is lowered and couples automatically attaches itself to the neck cone, which is then immediately pulled out through the neck matrix and the neck is formed on the tube. After the necking die with its half pipe shell has been automatically lifted off, the necked-out pipe is released and can be pulled off the mandrel, whereupon the release cup is pushed up through the mandrel in order to release the pawls which connect the necking cone to the piston rod, pick up the necking cone and lead back to its support in the mandrel. Then a new work cycle can begin immediately.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels mit Bezug auf die Zeichnungen näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigen

Fig. 1
ein Rohr mit einem ovalen Ausschnitt,
Fig. 2
ein Rohr mit Aushalsung bzw. angeformten Kragen,
Fig. 3
eine perspektivische schematische Übersicht über die wesentlichen Formwerkzeuge,
Fig. 4
einen Querschnitt der Vorrichtung in der Ausgangsstellung,
Fig. 5
eine Seitenansicht, teilweise geschnitten der Vorrichtung entsprechend Fig. 4,
Fig. 6
einen Querschnitt der Vorrichtung nach Beendigung des Aushalsvorgangs,
Fig. 7
eine Seitenansicht entsprechend Fig. 6,
Fig. 8
einen Querschnitt der Vorrichtung beim Rückholen des Aushalskegels,
Fig. 9 bis 13
die Erläuterung der Auslösung und Rückholung des Aushalskegels.
The invention is explained below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings. Show in the drawings
Fig. 1
a tube with an oval cutout,
Fig. 2
a tube with a neck or a molded collar,
Fig. 3
a perspective schematic overview of the essential molds,
Fig. 4
a cross section of the device in the starting position,
Fig. 5
3 shows a side view, partly in section, of the device corresponding to FIG. 4,
Fig. 6
a cross section of the device after the end of the necking process,
Fig. 7
6 shows a side view corresponding to FIG. 6,
Fig. 8
a cross section of the device when retrieving the neck cone,
9 to 13
the explanation of the triggering and retrieval of the neck cone.

Entsprechend Fig. 1 wird in einem Rohr 1 seitlich ein Langloch 2 mit ovalem oder flach-ovalem Grundriß eingeschnitten oder eingestanzt. Nach Fig. 2 ist an der Stelle dieses Loches 2 eine Aushalsung 3 an dem Rohr 1 angeformt, die in Form eines Kragens oder Flansches zum Ansetzen und Anschweißen oder Anlöten eines weiteren Rohres dient. Diese Aushalsung 3 kann rechtwinklig zur Achse des Rohres 1 verlaufen, sie kann jedoch auch in einem Winkel geneigt ausgebildet sein, wenn das anzuschließende Rohr in einem solchen Winkel ableiten soll.According to FIG. 1, an elongated hole 2 with an oval or flat-oval outline is laterally cut or punched into a tube 1. According to Fig. 2, a neck 3 is formed on the tube 1 at the location of this hole 2, which is used in the form of a collar or flange for attaching and welding or soldering another tube. This necking 3 can run at right angles to the axis of the tube 1, but it can also be designed inclined at an angle if the tube to be connected is to derive at such an angle.

Die Vorrichtung entsprechend der Fig. 3 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem gestellfesten Aufnahmedorn 4, der vorteilhaft in Form eines Rohres aus starkem Material ausgebildet ist. Der Aufnahmedorn 4 hat etwa die 3-fache Länge des Durchmessers der Aushalsung 3 in dem Rohr, das hier durch die dünne Linie 1 angedeutet ist. In der Mitte des Aufnahmedorns 4 ist eine weite Öffnung 5 vorgesehen, deren Begrenzung 6 der Durchdringung der zu erzeugenden Aushalsung mit dem Rohr 1 entspricht. Zentrisch zu dieser Öffnung 5 ist auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Aufnahmedorns 4 eine kleine, ebenfalls runde Öffnung 7 in dem Aufnahmedorn angeordnet. Auf den Aufnahmedorn 4 ist eine Halbschale 8 aufgesetzt, von etwa der gleichen Länge des Aufnahmedorns. Diese Halbschale 8 umgibt den Aufnahmedorn 4 unter Berücksichtigung der Blechstärke des Rohres 1 auf seiner gesamten oberen Hälfte bis zum größten Durchmesser des Aufnahmedorn, der quer zur Aushalsung liegt. In der Mitte der Halbschale 8 ist die Aushalsmatritze 9 fest angeordnet, deren innere Öffnung 10 dem Ausschnitt 5 in dem Aufnahmedorn entspricht und an die Begrenzung 6 dieser Aufnahmeöffnung 5 mit einer abgerundeten Kante anschließt. Der als Aushalsmatritze 9 bezeichnete Aufsatz auf der Halbschale 8 ist hier lediglich zur Verdeutlichung in erheblicher Höhe wiedergegeben, er kann auch fehlen, wenn die Materialstärke der Halbschale 8 ausreichend ist, um beim Ziehen der Aushalsung eine ausreichende Führung des Blechs sicher zu stellen.The device according to FIG. 3 essentially consists of a holding mandrel 4 which is fixed to the frame and which is advantageously designed in the form of a tube made of strong material. The mandrel 4 has about 3 times the length of the diameter of the neck 3 in the tube, which is indicated here by the thin line 1. In the middle of the mandrel 4, a wide opening 5 is provided, the boundary 6 of which corresponds to the penetration of the neckline to be produced with the tube 1. A small, likewise round opening 7 is arranged in the holding mandrel centrally on this opening 5 on the opposite side of the holding mandrel 4. On the mandrel 4, a half-shell 8 is placed, about the same length of the mandrel. This half-shell 8 surrounds the mandrel 4 taking into account the sheet thickness of the tube 1 over its entire upper half up to the largest diameter of the mandrel, which is transverse to the neck. In the middle of the half-shell 8, the necking die 9 is fixedly arranged, the inner opening 10 of which corresponds to the cutout 5 in the holding mandrel and adjoins the boundary 6 of this holding opening 5 with a rounded edge. The attachment on the half-shell 8, referred to as the necking die 9, is reproduced here for clarification only to a considerable extent; it may also be missing if the material thickness of the half-shell 8 is sufficient to ensure adequate guidance of the sheet when pulling the neck.

Eine derartige Ausführung ist in der Fig. 4 und den folgenden wiedergegeben. In diesen Figuren wird die Vorrichtung weiter beschrieben und auch sogleich ihre Funktion erläutert. Nach Fig. 4 und 5 ist auf den Aufnahmedorn 4 das mit dem seitlichen Ausschnitt 2 versehene Rohr 1 aufgeschoben. In die obere Öffnung 5 des Rohres ist der Aushalskegel 11 derart eingesetzt, daß er auf einander gegenüberliegende Seiten auf dort ausgebildeten ebenen Flächen 9 an der Begrenzung 6 der Öffnung 5 sicher aufliegt. Der Aushalskegel 11 ist mit einem zentrischen Durchgangsloch 13 versehen. Das auf den Aufnahmedorn 4 aufgeschobene Rohr 1 wird gegenüber dem Aushalskegel 11 mit seinem Ausschnitt 2 zentrisch ausgerichtet. Dazu kann an dem Aufnahmedorn ein Anschlag angeordnet sein, der die Aufschiebelänge des Rohres 1 begrenzt und weiterhin an dem Rohr eine Markierung angebracht sein, die mit einer entsprechenden Markierung an dem Aufnahmedorn bzw. dem Anschlag beim Aufschieben auszurichten ist.Such an embodiment is shown in FIG. 4 and the following. In these figures, the device is further described and its function is immediately explained. 4 and 5, the tube 1 provided with the lateral cutout 2 is pushed onto the mandrel 4. In the upper opening 5 of the tube, the necking cone 11 is inserted in such a way that it lies securely on opposite sides on flat surfaces 9 formed there on the boundary 6 of the opening 5. The neck cone 11 is provided with a central through hole 13. The tube 1 pushed onto the mandrel 4 is aligned with its cutout 2 centrally with respect to the necking cone 11. For this purpose, a stop can be arranged on the holding mandrel, which limits the length of the pipe 1 being pushed on, and furthermore a marking can be attached to the pipe, which is to be aligned with a corresponding marking on the holding mandrel or the stop when pushed on.

Die Halbschale 8 ist oberhalb des Dorns 4 an einem senkrecht verschieblichen Schlitten 14 gehalten, über dem auch der Hydraulikzylinder 15 angeordnet ist, dessen Kolbenstange 16 nach unten ragt und gegenüber dem Durchgangsloch 13 des Aushalskegels 11 zentrisch ausgerichtet ist. Am Ende der Kolbenstange 16 sind einander radial gegenüberstehend zwei federbelastete Klinken 17 angeordnet, deren Schwenkpunkt unmittelbar benachbart zur Endfläche der Kolbenstangen liegt. Es ist erkennbar, daß diese Klinken 17 aufgrund ihrer Federbelastung ähnlich wie Widerhaken am Ende der Kolbenstange beginnen, schräg aus dieser herausragen. Der Durchmesser der Kolbenstange 16 entspricht dem Durchmesser des Durchgangslochs 13 in dem Aushaltskegel.The half-shell 8 is held above the mandrel 4 on a vertically displaceable slide 14, above which the hydraulic cylinder 15 is also arranged, the piston rod 16 of which projects downward and is centered with respect to the through hole 13 of the necking cone 11. At the end of the piston rod 16, two spring-loaded pawls 17 are arranged radially opposite one another, the pivot point of which lies directly adjacent to the end face of the piston rods. It can be seen that these pawls 17 begin due to their spring loading similar to barbs at the end of the piston rod, protrude obliquely from this. The diameter of the piston rod 16 corresponds to the diameter of the through hole 13 in the end cone.

Nach den Fig. 6 und 7 ist der Schlitten 14 abgesenkt und damit die Halbschale 8 auf den Dorn 4 gedrückt unter Zwischenlage des auf den Dorn aufgeschobenen Rohres 1. Die Kolbenstange 16 wurde bereits abgesenkt und hat sich, wie das später noch im einzelnen erläutert wird, nach dem Eintauch in das Durchgangsloch des Aushalskegels 11 an diesen ankuppelt. Sodann ist die Kolbenstange von ihrem Zylinder wieder nach oben gezogen und hat dabei den Aushalskegel 11 unter Aushalsen des Rohres 1 nach oben gezogen. Die Aushalsung 3 ist insbesondere in Fig. 6 gut erkennbar. Es ist weiterhin erkennbar, daß während des gesamten Aushalsvorgangs das Blech des Rohres auf seiner gesamten Innenfläche an dem Dorn 4 anliegt und in seiner oberen Hälfte von der Halbschale 8 gegen den Dorn 4 festgehalten wird,so daß eine ungewollte Verformung oder Ausbeulung nicht auftreten kann. Lediglich die für die Aushalsung zu verformenden Bereiche des Rohres 1 liegen frei und können von dem Aushalskegel gegen den Begrenzungsausschnitt 18 bzw. 10 entsprechend der Fig. 3 angedrückt werden, so daß auch hier eine eindeutige Verformung und Führung erfolgt.6 and 7, the carriage 14 is lowered and thus the half-shell 8 is pressed onto the mandrel 4 with the interposition of the tube 1 pushed onto the mandrel. The piston rod 16 has already been lowered and, as will be explained in more detail later , after immersion in the through hole of the neck cone 11 couples to it. The piston rod is then pulled upward again from its cylinder and has pulled the neck cone 11 upward while necking out the tube 1. The neck 3 can be seen particularly well in FIG. 6. It can also be seen that during the entire necking process, the sheet metal of the tube lies against the mandrel 4 on its entire inner surface and is held in its upper half by the half-shell 8 against the mandrel 4, so that an unwanted deformation or bulge cannot occur. Only the areas of the tube 1 that are to be deformed are exposed and can be pressed against the limiting cutout 18 or 10 according to FIG. 3 by the necking cone, so that clear deformation and guidance also take place here.

Nach Beendigung des Aushalsvorganges wird die Halbschale mit dem Schlitten wieder nach oben fahren und das ausgehalste Rohr 1 kann von dem Dorn 4 abgezogen werden. Sodann wird ein unterhalb des Aufnahmedorn 4 koaxial angeordneter Auslösetopf 19 an einer Stange 20 hochgefahren,durch die nun freigegebene Öffnung 7 in dem Aufnahmedorn,bis er gegen das untere Ende der Kolbenstange 16 anliegt. Die Anordnung ist so getroffen, daß dabei das Ende der Kolbenstange 16 passend in einen Hohlraum 21 des Auslösetopfes 19 eingeführt wird, wobei die Klinken 17 in der Kolbenstange gegen ihre Federbelastung zurückgedrückt werden. Dadurch wird der Aushalskegel 11 freigegeben, so daß er von der Kolbenstange 16 herabrutschen kann und auf dem oberen Rand des Auslösetopfes 19 aufliegt. Dazu ist zweckmäßig in dem Aushalskegel 11, das Ende der Kolbenstange umgebend eine Kreisnute eingenommen, in die sich der obere Rand des Auslösetopfes 19 formschlüssig einsetzen kann. Der derart von der Kolbenstange 16 gelöste Aushalskegel wird dann von dem Auslösetopf 19 nach unten geführt, bis er sich wieder auf die ebenen Flächen 9, die die Öffnung 5 des Aufnahmedorns 4 begrenzen aufsetzt und dort liegen bleibt, während der Auslösetopf wieder in seine Anfangsstellung entsprechend Fig. 5 und vorhergehende zurückgezogen wird. Damit ist das weitgehend selbstätig ablaufende Arbeitsspiel beendet und ein nächstes kann beginnen.After completing the necking process, the half-shell with the sled will move up again and the tube 1 which has been pulled out can be pulled off the mandrel 4. Then a release pot 19 arranged coaxially below the holding mandrel 4 is raised on a rod 20, through the opening 7 which is now opened in the holding mandrel, until it rests against the lower end of the piston rod 16. The arrangement is such that the end of the piston rod 16 is suitably inserted into a cavity 21 of the trigger pot 19, the pawls 17 in the piston rod being pressed back against their spring loading. As a result, the neck cone 11 is released so that it can slide off the piston rod 16 and rests on the upper edge of the trigger pot 19. For this purpose, a circular groove is appropriately occupied in the neck cone 11, surrounding the end of the piston rod, in which the upper edge of the trigger pot 19 can be positively inserted. The neck cone thus loosened from the piston rod 16 is then guided downward by the trigger pot 19 until it rests on the flat surfaces 9 which delimit the opening 5 of the holding mandrel 4 and remains there, while the trigger pot returns to its initial position accordingly Fig. 5 and previous is withdrawn. This completes the largely automatic work cycle and a next one can begin.

Anhand der Figuren 9 bis 13 wird ein Arbeitsspiel des Aushalskegels erläutert. In Fig. 9 ist dargestellt, daß die Kolbenstange 16 das zentrische Durchgangsloch 13 des Aushalskegels 11 durchdrungen hat. Nach dem Austreten des Endes der Kolbenstange sind die Klinken 17, die beim Durchschieben der Kolbenstange durch das Durchgangsloch 13 eingedrückt waren, unter Wirkung ihrer Federn aus der Kolbenstange herausgedrückt und haben sich wie Widerhaken gegen die Unterseite des Aushalskegels 11 gelegt. Damit war die Kolbenstange 16 mit dem Aushalskegel 11 fest verbunden oder verkuppelt. Um diese Kupplung nach Beenden des Aushalsvorganges unwirksam zu machen, wird von unten her in Richtung des Pfeiles A mittels der Stange 20 der Auslösetopf 19 nach oben geschoben. Der Auslösetopf 19 schiebt sich unter Aufnahme des aus dem Aushalskegel 11 herausragenden Endes der Kolbenstange 16 über diese und drückt dabei die Klinken 17 gegen die Wirkung ihrer Federn in die Kolbenstange 16 zurück. Dieser Zustand ist in Fig. 10 erreicht. Damit ist die Kupplung zwischen Kolbenstange 16 und Aushalskegel 11 aufgehoben und der Aushalskegel 11 kann sich auf die Oberkante des Auslösetopfes 19 aufsetzen und von der Kolbenstange 16 abgleiten.A working cycle of the neck cone is explained with reference to FIGS. 9 to 13. In Fig. 9 it is shown that the piston rod 16 has penetrated the central through hole 13 of the neck cone 11. After the end of the piston rod emerges, the pawls 17, which were pushed in when the piston rod was pushed through the through hole 13, were pushed out of the piston rod under the action of their springs and lay like barbs against the underside of the neck cone 11. The piston rod 16 was thus firmly connected or coupled to the neck cone 11. In order to make this coupling ineffective after the end of the necking process, the trigger pot 19 is pushed upwards from below in the direction of arrow A by means of the rod 20. The trigger pot 19 slides over the end of the piston rod 16 protruding from the cone 11 and presses the pawls 17 against the action of their springs back into the piston rod 16. This state has been reached in FIG. 10. Thus, the coupling between the piston rod 16 and the neck cone 11 is released and the neck cone 11 can sit on the upper edge of the trigger pot 19 and slide off the piston rod 16.

Ensprechend der Fig. 11 wird der Auslösetopf in Richtung des Pfeiles B nach unten gezogen, der Aushalskegel liegt dabei auf seiner Oberkante auf, zweckmäßig formschlüssig verbunden mit einer Ringnut die auf der Unterseite des Kegels das Durchgangsloch 13 umgibt und den gleichen Außendurchmesser wie der Auslösetopf hat.11, the trigger pot is pulled down in the direction of arrow B, the necking cone lies on its upper edge, expediently positively connected with an annular groove which surrounds the through hole 13 on the underside of the cone and has the same outer diameter as the trigger pot .

In dem Aufnahmedorn 4 legt sich der Aushalskegel 11 auf die beiden einander gegenüberliegenden Auflageebenen 9 auf und ist damit wieder in seiner Ausgangsstellung zurückgebracht, entsprechend der Fig. 12. Der Auslösetopf 19 wird in Richtung des Pfeiles weiter nach unten gezogen, aus dem Aufnahmedorn 4 heraus, entsprechend Fig. 13, bis er wieder seine Ausgangsstellung erreicht hat.In the holding mandrel 4, the necking cone 11 lies on the two opposing support levels 9 and is thus returned to its starting position, corresponding to FIG. 12. The trigger pot 19 is pulled further down in the direction of the arrow, out of the mandrel 4, corresponding to FIG. 13, until it has reached its starting position again.

Claims (3)

  1. A device for necking thin-walled steel pipes at a preferably oval-shaped side cutout by using a support mandrel (4) for the pipe (1) and an external necking matrix and a necking cone (11) being withdrawn from the pipe (1) through its cutout into the necking matrix by a hydraulic piston, with the length of the support mandrel (4) corresponding to approximately three times the diameter of the neck (3) and being designed in a way so that the pipe (1) is supported flush with its entire internal face against the support mandrel (4) on the outside of the necking opening and the necking matrix surrounding the support mandrel (4) and the attached pipe up to the mandrel diameter being arranged diagonally to the neck and the necking cone (11) including a central through hole to accommodate the free end of the piston rod (16) of the hydraulic cylinder (15), with the necking cone (11) being elastically coupled, characterized in that elastic coupling occurs by radially protruding, spring-loaded pawls (17) at the necking cone (11) or the piston rod (16) and the necking matrix (8) being shaped like a lowerable one-piece supporting cup having approximately the same length as the support mandrel (4) including a through hole (7) positioned equiaxially opposite to the necking cone recess and a releasing cup (19) displaceable on a rod being also positioned equiaxially opposite the piston rod (16), pushing back the spring-loaded pawls (17) on the piston rod or at the necking cone, accommodating the latter and guiding it back into its original position in the recess (5) of the support mandrel (4).
  2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support mandrel (4) includes opposing bearing pads (12) for this cone at the largest transverse diameter of the recess (5) for the necking cone (11).
  3. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support mandrel (4) is of tubular shape and includes a recess (5) formed by the opening of the necking (3) and the pipe (1), including bearing pads (12) for the necking cone (11) at the lowest points opposite to one another.
EP88121335A 1987-12-24 1988-12-21 Method and apparatus for forming lateral collars on sheet metal tubes Expired - Lifetime EP0322722B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3744046 1987-12-24
DE3744046A DE3744046C2 (en) 1987-12-24 1987-12-24 Method and device for necking thin-walled sheet metal tubes

Publications (3)

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EP0322722A2 EP0322722A2 (en) 1989-07-05
EP0322722A3 EP0322722A3 (en) 1990-09-19
EP0322722B1 true EP0322722B1 (en) 1995-01-25

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EP88121335A Expired - Lifetime EP0322722B1 (en) 1987-12-24 1988-12-21 Method and apparatus for forming lateral collars on sheet metal tubes

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EP (1) EP0322722B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE117600T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3744046C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2068195T3 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6000263A (en) * 1995-06-05 1999-12-14 Enami Seiki Mfg. Co., Ltd. Branch pipe forming tool and method of forming branch pipe on metal tube with the tool
JPH0957556A (en) * 1995-06-05 1997-03-04 Enami Seiki:Kk Branch pipe forming tool, and forming method for branch pipe of metallic pipe using the tool
DE19607311A1 (en) * 1996-02-27 1997-08-28 Kwg Maschinenbau Gmbh Device for producing neckings in workpieces
DE29616668U1 (en) * 1996-09-27 1997-04-24 Ade Rainer Tube converter
US6430812B1 (en) * 1997-08-28 2002-08-13 The Boeing Company Superplastic forming of tubing pull-outs
DE102005026761A1 (en) † 2005-06-09 2006-12-21 Martin Brielmaier vehicle
RU2448052C1 (en) * 2010-11-08 2012-04-20 Александр Вадимович Утин Method of thickening saponite suspension

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US2368394A (en) * 1943-05-03 1945-01-30 Young Radiator Co Apparatus for flanging openings in tube type headers

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US2240319A (en) * 1939-07-24 1941-04-29 Taylor James Hall Method of producing pipe fittings
GB749794A (en) * 1953-11-19 1956-05-30 Arthur Collier Junior Improved tool for making tee or branch joints in tubing
GB807608A (en) * 1956-10-18 1959-01-21 Andre Huet Methods of and apparatus for producing tubulures along a generatrix of a header
US3064707A (en) * 1959-09-30 1962-11-20 Carrier Corp Joining of tubular members
US3680349A (en) * 1970-06-18 1972-08-01 United Mcgill Corp Apparatus for making a conduit fitting
WO1983004379A1 (en) * 1982-06-09 1983-12-22 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Centrifuge/rotor attachment assembly

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2368394A (en) * 1943-05-03 1945-01-30 Young Radiator Co Apparatus for flanging openings in tube type headers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2068195T3 (en) 1995-04-16
EP0322722A3 (en) 1990-09-19
DE3744046A1 (en) 1989-07-06
DE3744046C2 (en) 1994-11-24
EP0322722A2 (en) 1989-07-05
ATE117600T1 (en) 1995-02-15

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