EP0322473A1 - Dégazage de l'eau dans un générateur d'ondes de choc à étincelle - Google Patents

Dégazage de l'eau dans un générateur d'ondes de choc à étincelle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0322473A1
EP0322473A1 EP87119266A EP87119266A EP0322473A1 EP 0322473 A1 EP0322473 A1 EP 0322473A1 EP 87119266 A EP87119266 A EP 87119266A EP 87119266 A EP87119266 A EP 87119266A EP 0322473 A1 EP0322473 A1 EP 0322473A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
enclosure
gas
liquid
set forth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87119266A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christopher Nowacki
Alfred Brisson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Northgate Research Inc a Corp of state of Illinois
Original Assignee
Northgate Research Inc a Corp of state of Illinois
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US06/928,524 priority Critical patent/US4715375A/en
Application filed by Northgate Research Inc a Corp of state of Illinois filed Critical Northgate Research Inc a Corp of state of Illinois
Priority to EP87119266A priority patent/EP0322473A1/fr
Publication of EP0322473A1 publication Critical patent/EP0322473A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/02—Mechanical acoustic impedances; Impedance matching, e.g. by horns; Acoustic resonators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K15/00—Acoustics not otherwise provided for
    • G10K15/04—Sound-producing devices
    • G10K15/06—Sound-producing devices using electric discharge

Definitions

  • Kidney stones, and also naturally-occurring stones in the bladder and the ureter can be extremelyly painful, and often require surgical relief. Excision or destruction of stones in the bladder and sometimes in the ureter can be relatively easily accomplished, but removal of stones from the kidney is a major procedure.
  • kidney Removal of stones from the kidney is a very serious and traumatic surgical procedure. A large incision is made in the body. The kidney is essentially removed from the body and cut open. The stone or stones are then removed, whereupon the kidney is sutured and returned to the body, with the body then being sutured. Various efforts have been made to destroy or disintegrate kidney stones so that they can be excreted with the urine.
  • Chemotherapy is available as a non-invasive therapy for uric acid stones.
  • the urine is alkalyzed, and the stone is dissolved over a substantial period of time. This requires detection of the stone before an acute phase is reached.
  • the next step was the use of ultrasound or an electrohydraulic shock wave produced by discharging a capacitor across a spark gap under water or other suitable liquid.
  • ultrasound or an electrohydraulic shock wave produced by discharging a capacitor across a spark gap under water or other suitable liquid.
  • a reflector which is a portion of an ellipsoid.
  • the spark gap is located at the first focus point of the ellipsoid, and the ellipsoid is positioned relative to the body so that the kidney stone or other calculus or concretion is at the second focus point of the ellipsoid.
  • the reflector is filled with water. Discharge of a spark across the gap causes rapid vaporization of a portion of the water, and resultant generation of a shock wave which is focused by the reflector on the kidney stone.
  • the shock wave travels through the water in the ellipsoidal reflector, and through the human tissues to the kidney stone. A repetition of the spark gap shock wave generation over a period of perhaps an hour, is necessary to destroy a kidney stone.
  • an upwardly directed, truncated ellipsoidal reflector having the upper end covered with a flexible diaphragm of elastomeric or plastic resin material.
  • the reflector is filled with water.
  • a spark gap is provided at the first focus point of the reflector, and a spark generated across the gap causes vaporization of water to generate a shock wave.
  • a small sack, bag or pouch surrounds the spark gap and supporting structure therefor, and isolates the water around the spark gap from the bulk of the water in the reflector. Gas generated by this spark gap thus accumulates within the bag. Water is circulated through the bag from the bottom up to a reduced apex, and out through a tube so that any gas generated will rise to the apex and be evacuated through the exhaust tube.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the structure incorporating the present invention.
  • Fig. 1A is a detail of a modification of a portion thereof.
  • Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a different embodiment of the invention, and
  • Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to a portion of Fig. 1 showing yet another modification.
  • a metal base or block 10 having a hollow interior in the form of an ellipsoidal reflector 12.
  • a flexible diaphragm 14 is secured across the open top of the reflector 12 by any suitable means (not shown).
  • the diaphragm is waterproof as well as flexible, and preferably is made of an elastomeric or plastic resin material.
  • An external water supply pipe 16 is connected to a valve 18 and a bore or channel 20 in the base to introduce water into the reflector 12, or to drain it, as the case may be.
  • An upstanding plug or pedestal 22 is provided extending upwardly through the bottom of the block into the reflector and supports electrical conductors 24 leading to a spark gap 26 at the first focus point of the ellipsoid of which the reflector 12 forms a portion.
  • the electrical conductors 24 extend exteriorly of the base 10 through the plug 22, and are connected to suitable spark generating apparatus 28 such as a high voltage supply and a capacitor to be charged thereby and then discharged across the spark gap 26.
  • a very thin, flexible resilient sack, bag, or pouch 38 is secured to the top of the pedestal or plug 22.
  • This bag is somewhat in the nature of an upright balloon, and includes a bulbous ovoid, or egg-shaped lower portion 40.
  • the lower portion 40 has an open lower end 42 encircling and secured to the upper end of the plug or pedestal 22 by suitable means such as a retaining band 44.
  • the upper end of the bulbous section 40 opens into an elongated and upwardly directed funnel-like structure 46 tapering to an apex at 48.
  • a length of tubing 50 is secured to the apex by suitable means such as an adhesive and extends down along the outside of the bag 38 and out through a bore in the base 10 for evacuation of gas and water.
  • FIG. 1A A modification of the invention is shown in Fig. 1A.
  • the reflector is omitted from the drawing in this case along with the base 10 and the diaphragm.
  • the fragmentary part of the invention illustrated is similar to the parts heretofore shown and described in connection with Fig. 1, and like parts are identified by similar numerals with the addition of the suffix a .
  • the sack, bag or pouch 38a remains the same as previously illustrated, except that the apex 48a is sealed rather than opening directly into the exhaust tube.
  • the exhaust tube 50a is contained entirely within the bag and extends upwardly to a position adjacent the apex 48a and has a downwardly turned entering or receiving end 52 for evacuating gas and water.
  • FIG. 2 A further modification of the invention is shown in Fig. 2, the parts therein being identified by similar numerals with the addition of the suffix b .
  • water is continuously circulated into the reflector 12b by means of a pump 18b connected to an inlet pipe 16b.
  • the conduit or passageway through the base 10b is generally adjacent the top of the base and is angled upwardly and inwardly relative thereto, so that some of the inlet water exiting therefrom will skim along the underside of the diaphragm 14b to pick up and clear away any gas that might inadvertently have entered the reflector 12b with the water pumped in. Water is not pumped directly into the sack, bag or pouch 38b as in Fig. 1.
  • the bag is secured to the top of the pedestal 22b, as heretofor, and is provided with peripherally spaced inlet orifices 54 through which water from the reflector passes into the bag 38b. This water then passes up through the bag and out through the tube 50b, carrying with it any gas generated by the spark recurring in the spark gap 26b. No pressure is generated within the bag 38b any greater than the pressure within the reservoir 12b, and there therefor might be a tendency for the bag to collapse. Accordingly, a frame or cage 56 conforming to the shape of the bag 38b is provided within the bag to hold the bag in extended position as shown.
  • the cage 56 comprises crossed supporting members and conveniently is made of plastic for ease of fabrication and for corrosion resistance. However, it could be made of non-corrosive wire, welded or soldered at the cross-over points, or made of expanded metal by techniques well known in the art.
  • FIG. 3 A further embodiment of the invention is fragmentarily illustrated in Fig. 3. Like parts in this instance are identified by similar numerals with the addition of the suffix c .
  • the distinction in this case is that a hydrophobic filter 56 is secured at the apex 48c and at the inlet to the tubing 50c. Accordingly, only a minimum of water need be pumped into the bag 38c, since only gas and substantially no water will pass through the hydrophobic filter.
  • the spark gap is isolated from most of the water in the ellipsoidal reflector, and particularly from that water which is in contact with the diaphragm at the otherwise open top of the reflector.
  • gas that is generated by sparks jumping the gap cannot collect beneath the diaphragm to inhibit energy transfer.
  • the gas so generated is circulated out of the system through the exhaust tubing at the top of the bag on a continuous basis.
  • a test apparatus constructed in accordance with the invention as herein shown and described, has proved remarkably effective at degassification of water in the hydraulic spark gap shock wave generator with substantially no reduction in energy transferred to the body contacting the diaphragm 14, and ultimately the target kidney stone.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
EP87119266A 1986-11-07 1987-12-28 Dégazage de l'eau dans un générateur d'ondes de choc à étincelle Withdrawn EP0322473A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US06/928,524 US4715375A (en) 1986-11-07 1986-11-07 Degassification of water in hydraulic spark gap shock wave generator
EP87119266A EP0322473A1 (fr) 1987-12-28 1987-12-28 Dégazage de l'eau dans un générateur d'ondes de choc à étincelle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP87119266A EP0322473A1 (fr) 1987-12-28 1987-12-28 Dégazage de l'eau dans un générateur d'ondes de choc à étincelle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0322473A1 true EP0322473A1 (fr) 1989-07-05

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87119266A Withdrawn EP0322473A1 (fr) 1986-11-07 1987-12-28 Dégazage de l'eau dans un générateur d'ondes de choc à étincelle

Country Status (1)

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EP (1) EP0322473A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2675614A1 (fr) * 1991-04-22 1992-10-23 Technomed Int Sa Reflecteur ellipsouidal a orifice de vidange et dispositif support d'electrodes incline.
FR2675937A1 (fr) * 1991-04-22 1992-10-30 Technomed Int Sa Dispositif support d'electrodes incline et reflecteur ellipsouidal en comportant application.
DE102013007132A1 (de) 2012-10-29 2014-04-30 Innovations-Transfer Uphoff Gmbh &.Co.Kg Vorrichtung zur Entgasung von Flüssigkeiten
EP2964326A4 (fr) * 2013-03-08 2016-11-02 Soliton Inc Appareil générateur d'ondes de choc électrohydraulique à impulsions rapides
US11229575B2 (en) 2015-05-12 2022-01-25 Soliton, Inc. Methods of treating cellulite and subcutaneous adipose tissue
US11794040B2 (en) 2010-01-19 2023-10-24 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System Apparatuses and systems for generating high-frequency shockwaves, and methods of use
US11813477B2 (en) 2017-02-19 2023-11-14 Soliton, Inc. Selective laser induced optical breakdown in biological medium
US11857212B2 (en) 2016-07-21 2024-01-02 Soliton, Inc. Rapid pulse electrohydraulic (EH) shockwave generator apparatus with improved electrode lifetime
US11865371B2 (en) 2011-07-15 2024-01-09 The Board of Regents of the University of Texas Syster Apparatus for generating therapeutic shockwaves and applications of same

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0090138A2 (fr) * 1982-03-25 1983-10-05 DORNIER SYSTEM GmbH Dispositif pour la désintégration des concrétions dans le corps des êtres vivants
US4715376A (en) * 1986-11-07 1987-12-29 Trutek Research, Inc. Isolation of gas in hydraulic spark gap shock wave generator
US4715375A (en) * 1986-11-07 1987-12-29 Trutek Research, Inc. Degassification of water in hydraulic spark gap shock wave generator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0090138A2 (fr) * 1982-03-25 1983-10-05 DORNIER SYSTEM GmbH Dispositif pour la désintégration des concrétions dans le corps des êtres vivants
US4715376A (en) * 1986-11-07 1987-12-29 Trutek Research, Inc. Isolation of gas in hydraulic spark gap shock wave generator
US4715375A (en) * 1986-11-07 1987-12-29 Trutek Research, Inc. Degassification of water in hydraulic spark gap shock wave generator

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992018976A1 (fr) * 1991-04-22 1992-10-29 Technomed International Dispositif support d'electrodes incline et reflecteur ellipsoidal en comportant application
FR2675937A1 (fr) * 1991-04-22 1992-10-30 Technomed Int Sa Dispositif support d'electrodes incline et reflecteur ellipsouidal en comportant application.
FR2675614A1 (fr) * 1991-04-22 1992-10-23 Technomed Int Sa Reflecteur ellipsouidal a orifice de vidange et dispositif support d'electrodes incline.
US11794040B2 (en) 2010-01-19 2023-10-24 The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System Apparatuses and systems for generating high-frequency shockwaves, and methods of use
US11865371B2 (en) 2011-07-15 2024-01-09 The Board of Regents of the University of Texas Syster Apparatus for generating therapeutic shockwaves and applications of same
DE102013007132A1 (de) 2012-10-29 2014-04-30 Innovations-Transfer Uphoff Gmbh &.Co.Kg Vorrichtung zur Entgasung von Flüssigkeiten
US10835767B2 (en) 2013-03-08 2020-11-17 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Rapid pulse electrohydraulic (EH) shockwave generator apparatus and methods for medical and cosmetic treatments
US10857393B2 (en) 2013-03-08 2020-12-08 Soliton, Inc. Rapid pulse electrohydraulic (EH) shockwave generator apparatus and methods for medical and cosmetic treatments
EP3626307A1 (fr) * 2013-03-08 2020-03-25 Board of Regents, The University of Texas System Appareil générateur d'onde de choc électrohydraulique (eh) à impulsions rapides et procédés pour des traitements cosmétiques
EP2964326A4 (fr) * 2013-03-08 2016-11-02 Soliton Inc Appareil générateur d'ondes de choc électrohydraulique à impulsions rapides
US11229575B2 (en) 2015-05-12 2022-01-25 Soliton, Inc. Methods of treating cellulite and subcutaneous adipose tissue
US11857212B2 (en) 2016-07-21 2024-01-02 Soliton, Inc. Rapid pulse electrohydraulic (EH) shockwave generator apparatus with improved electrode lifetime
US11813477B2 (en) 2017-02-19 2023-11-14 Soliton, Inc. Selective laser induced optical breakdown in biological medium

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