EP0321594A1 - Elektrisch angetriebenes Werkzeug, von Hand während der Arbeit haltbar, ein solches Werkzeug enthaltendes Kit und neuer Schalter dafür - Google Patents

Elektrisch angetriebenes Werkzeug, von Hand während der Arbeit haltbar, ein solches Werkzeug enthaltendes Kit und neuer Schalter dafür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0321594A1
EP0321594A1 EP87118936A EP87118936A EP0321594A1 EP 0321594 A1 EP0321594 A1 EP 0321594A1 EP 87118936 A EP87118936 A EP 87118936A EP 87118936 A EP87118936 A EP 87118936A EP 0321594 A1 EP0321594 A1 EP 0321594A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
supporting member
rearward
shaft
contactor
handle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87118936A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christiaan G.M. Van Laere
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Laere Christiaan G M
Original Assignee
Laere Christiaan G M
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Laere Christiaan G M filed Critical Laere Christiaan G M
Priority to EP87118936A priority Critical patent/EP0321594A1/de
Publication of EP0321594A1 publication Critical patent/EP0321594A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
    • B25B21/02—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose with means for imparting impact to screwdriver blade or nut socket
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B21/00—Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25F—COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DETAILS OR COMPONENTS OF PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS NOT PARTICULARLY RELATED TO THE OPERATIONS PERFORMED AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B25F3/00—Associations of tools for different working operations with one portable power-drive means; Adapters therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers
    • H01H9/06—Casing of switch constituted by a handle serving a purpose other than the actuation of the switch, e.g. by the handle of a vacuum cleaner

Definitions

  • This invention relates in a first aspect to an electric rotary power tool apparatus holdable by hand during opera­tion; in a second aspect to a kit comprising the novel apparatus, and in a third aspect to novel switch means there­for.
  • the power tool apparatus according to the first inven­tion aspect consists essentially of
  • a first building block comprising (1) an apparatus casing consisting essentially of an elongated assembly having a longitudinal axis and comprising (1.1) an enveloping shell extending generally in the direction of the said longitudinal axis, and having an open front end and an open rear end; and being of one piece; (1.2) a first transverse wall extending across the interior of the shell in a region thereof intermediate the said front end and the said rear end axially spaced from both these ends so as to divide the shell interior into a forward chamber and a rearward chamber; the first transverse wall has a throughhole therein and is integral with the said shell; (1.3) a second transverse wall across the open rear end of the shell and being detachably mounted therein; the second transverse wall has an opening therein; and (1.4) a speed-reducing unit which is mounted on the second transverse wall on the side thereof facing toward the first transverse wall, and comprises a driven power-trans­mitting shaft having a driven shaft front end adapted for fitting into the said throughhole and
  • a second, rearward building block comprising (2) a motor comprising, in turn, (2.1) a motor housing having a central longitudinal axis substantially parallel with the elongated assembly axis, and comprising a surrounding hull, a forward hull end, a rearward hull end wall, and being adapted for having the front end thereof rigidly connected with the second trans­verse wall on the outside of the latter; (2.2) driving motor shaft means extending through the interior of the motor housing and being rotatably supported in the opening of the second transverse wall; the driving rotor shaft means have a forward shaft end extend into the rearward shell chamber and are adapted for drivingly engaging the said speed-reducing unit therein; and (3) insertable bearing-wall means adapted for being mounted transversely in rigid, detachable connection, in the said open front end of the enveloping shell, and having a central axial throughhole; these insertable bearing-wall means comprise (3.1) shaft-bearing means in the axial throughhole in which a driven power-transmitting
  • the apparatus lacks power-­enhancing means such as an impact clutch or the like and could not support the same inside the forward housing of the frame or enveloping sleeve which is only intended to house a gear reduction unit distributed over both the forward and the rearward chamber which are formed in the frame of the Raso et al reduction unit.
  • a known electrical switch adapted to be mounted on the end part of an electric motor next adjacent the commutator thereof has been described in Patent 3,681,550 issued on August 1st, 1972 to Perry and Brockelsby.
  • contactor pins 66 extend from a rearward outer plate 62 corresponding to a cap member end wall, infra, in a switch structure through an intermediary cap member 54 into a pivotable brush mounting plate 40 in which there are housed four brushes 47 which are urged with their contactable forward end faces against an insulating wafer 26 having four openings 32 to 35 therein.
  • This known switch is thus of rather complicated struc­ture and suffers from a considerable number of points where the various elements are subject to relatively rapid wear.
  • an ex­change of impact means or the like present in a forward chamber of the apparatus casing is only provided for by mak­ing the forward part of the apparatus casing detachable from the rearward part thereof housing the speed-reducing unit.
  • the impact clutch or the like power-transmitting means housed therein can be withdrawn from the forward chamber on­ly by way of the rearward end of the forward part, or, de­pending on the structure of each casing, part or all of the speed-reducing unit must be removed, before another type of power-transmitting unit can be inserted in that forward chamber.
  • transverse wall in the central region of the envel­oping shell which wall is an integral part of the shell body, is destined to receive in its opening the driven out­put shaft of the speed-reducing unit which latter is con­fined to the rearward chamber of the enveloping shell.
  • the forward chamber in this shell is destined to receive therein
  • the length of the enveloping shell forward chamber from the integral first transverse wall to the open shell front end must be sufficient for receiving in its interior all parts of the third building block that are located rear­ward of the central axial throughhole in the insertable bearing-wall means; and (ii) the wall thickness and strength of the enveloping shell must be sufficient for supporting, when held freely by hand during operation, in combination with the first build­ing block, the entire second, rearward building block compris­ing the motor mounted on the second transverse wall, as well as the entire third, inset building block even when compris­ing heavy duty impact clutch means or the like, as part of the said intermediary power-transmitting insert means.
  • the open front end of the enveloping shell must be wide enough to permit easy insertion of such power-­transmitting units as impact clutches, fan means and the like.
  • the aforesaid speed-reducing unit comprises a gear train consisting essentially of a plurality of gears and a number of transmission shafts each bearing at least one gear, one of which gears is a pinion adapted for being mounted on the forward shaft end of the driving rotor shaft means, and one of the transmission shafts is comprised by the said driven power-transmitting shaft means; the trans­mission shafts are supported in the first and second trans­verse walls, respectively.
  • Optimal power output is obtained when the ratio of the speed of the driving rotor shaft means to the driven power-transmitting shaft means is from about 7:1 to about 12:1.
  • the above-mentioned transmission ratio of from about 7:1 to 12:1 is critical, because below and above that ration, even though the resulting speed of the driven shaft is about 1200 to 4000 r.p.m., the apparatus will fail to loosen severely jammed or seized bolts or nuts of automobile wheels in an increasing number of cases, the greater the difference from the above-stated range of ratioes.
  • the choice of the transmission ratio is dependent on the idling speed of the driven shaft of the motor; thus, when that idling speed is 30 000 r.p.m., a transmission ratio of 12:1 is preferred. If a ratio of 7:1 were used, a flywheel effect might be produced by the impact mass and an impact-generating unit would be no more effective and might even be damaged.
  • the motor comprised by the rearward building block is preferably an electric motor comprising (2.3) a rotor mounted inside the motor housing on the driving rotor shaft means for rotating the latter; (2.4) stator means adapted for generating an electric field for cooperation with said rotor; and (2.5) commutator means comprising (2.5.a) a commutator consisting essentially of collec­tor segments and being mounted on the driving rotor shaft means between the rotor and the said rearward motor housing end wall; (2.5.b.) first and second brush means mounted in the motor housing and biassed toward the collector segments for electrically conductive contact therewith to deliver, pre­ferably direct, electric current to the rotor; (2.5.c.) first and second fixed contactor means being electrically conductively connected with the first and sec­ond brush means, respectively, and being mounted stationary in the rearward building block and having terminal portions located outside the rearward motor housing end wall; the fixed contactor terminal portions bearing contactable sur­face regions located generally in a substantially planar contact zone
  • the stator means comprise a stator mounted in the interior of the motor housing and being a permanent magnet of magnetic iron material, the permanent magnet comprising a north pole shoe and a south pole shoe of substantially semicylindrical configuration and having each a thickness of from about 5 to 6 mm, the pole shoes of the permanent magnet being concentrical with the longitudinal rotor axis; and opposite longitudinal gaps having each a circumferential width, in a radial plane, of about 33 mm and separating said two pole shoes from one another; the length of the permanent magnet being from about 30 to 65 mm; and the radial diameter of the assembled rotor and two pole shoes taken together being from about 42 to 45 mm; and the rotor consists essentially of (i) a generally drum-shaped armature on the rotor shaft and having a substantially cylindrical surface section coaxial with the longitudinal rotor axis and with an ex­ternal diameter of about 32 mm and a length of from about 26 to 55 mm, the armature
  • the cables used to connect the +pole and the -pole of the battery with the corresponding connecting con­tactor elements of the switch preferably comprise a parcel of fifty wires each being 0.25 mm thick, the parcel having a diameter of 2.5 mm, when a normal car battery is being used, while, in the case of a truck (lorry) battery the parcel has a diameter of about 3 mm and consists of fifty wires each having a thickness of 0.38 mm.
  • the electric motor is preferably devised to be fed an electric direct current from an automobile battery having a nominal voltage of 12 volts and an operational voltage of at least 10 volts, a power output of at least 250 watt;and the idling speed of the motor at that voltage ranges from about 10 000 to 25 000 r.p.m., the transmission ratio is 7:1 to 12:1 and the driven shaft has correspondingly an idling speed of above 1200 and up to 4000 r.p.m., and preferably a speed from about 1200 to 2200 r.p.m.
  • an idling speed of the motor of from 13 000 to 15 000 r.p.m.
  • the speed of the driving motor shaft at the nominal voltage of 12 volts, should at least be 4000 r.p.m. under full load.
  • the amperage of the power source (preferably a car bat­tery of 12 or 24 volts) delivered to the tool apparatus ac­ cording to the invention under load should be at least 20 and preferably 125 up to 150 amperes, and from 180 amperes up to 300 to 400 amperes for heavy duty work.
  • the rearward building block further preferably comprises (4) an electrical switch means being adapted for switch­ing a direct electrical current having an electric potential of from 8 to about 40 volts and an amperage sufficient for affording a power input of the electric motor of 180 watt, when idling, and, under load, of 620 watt.
  • These electrical switch means comprise (4.1) a supporting member having at least one electri­cally insulating face located spaced from, and substantially parallel with, the above-mentioned substantially planar con­tact zone, in which the contactable surface regions of the fixed contactors are located; this insulating face is also located remote from the rearward motor housing wall and the said planar contact zone.
  • the contactable surface regions of the terminal fixed contactor portions are preferably arranged about a common central switch axis extending normal with re­gard to the contact zone; and the supporting member is mounted in the rearward build­ing block to be adapted for pivoting displacement about the said central switch axis, between a neutral position and at least one activating position.
  • the novel switch means further comprise (4.2) socket throughholes extending through the sup­porting member and opening out of the electrically insulat­ing face thereof; they are preferably adapted for receiving therein each a prong of an electrical plug having at least two prongs and being electrically connectable to a source of electric current.
  • the switch means further comprise: (4.3) at least two shiftable contactor elements being mounted on the electrically insulating face of the support­ing member so as to be electrically insulated from each other, and each of the contactor elements is located so close to a different one of the throughholes in the supporting member face as to make substantially loss-free contact with a prong of a plug inserted in the respective throughhole; and wherein each of said shiftable contact members has a shiftable contact face extending in an arc about and on opposite sides of said central switch axis; and (4.4) biassing means mounted in the rearward building block and being adapted for biassing the shiftable contactor elements toward the fixed contactor means and thereby urging the contact faces of the shiftable contactor elements into the substantially planar contact zone; the contact faces which extend in the said arcs are separated by gaps between them exposing non-conductive areas which the said biassing means urge against the contactable surface regions of the terminal fixed contactor portions when the supporting member is in neutral position, thereby preventing electric current flow from said shiftable
  • these non-conductive area gaps are sufficiently small for permitting current flow, - ­when the supporting member is pivoted by a small angle about the central switch axis and away from its neutral position,- ­from a source of electric energy via the plug prongs and the shiftable contact faces into the contactable surface regions, thereby energizing the electric motor.
  • the rearward building block further comprises (5) a cap member adapted for covering the rearward motor housing end wall as well as a substantial portion of the surrounding hull of the motor housing on the outside, and having a cap end wall extending substantially parallel with the rearward motor housing end wall and having an inner wall surface, whereby an internal chamber is left free be­tween the inner cap wall surface and the rearward motor hous­ing end wall;
  • the supporting member of the electrical switch means is located in this embodiment vis-á-vis the said inner face of the cap end wall, and cap throughholes are provided which extend from outside the cap end wall to the inner face thereof facing the supporting member.
  • the biassing means com­prise first and second engagement means, mounted on the out­ side of the rearward motor housing end wall and on the insu­lating supporting member face, respectively; they cooperate with each other in biassing the supporting member toward the rearward motor housing end wall and, when said supporting member is in neutral position, they urge the non-conductive gap areas against the contactable terminal portion surface regions, and, when the supporting member is in an activating position, they urge the contact faces of the shiftable con­tactor elements against the contactable surface regions in the substantially planar contact zone.
  • the shiftable contactor elements when being arc-shaped preferably extend each over an arc constituting a major por­tion of a half circle about the central switch axis, and the arc-shaped contactor elements can have at least one end thereof beveled to form a ramp facilitating sliding of the contact face thereon on to the respective contactable surface region of the nearest fixed contactor terminal portion, when the supporting member is pivoted through a small angle from the neutral to an activating position.
  • an electric switch is constituted by an on-off re­versing switch comprising supporting means, spaced from and pivotally mounted on an external face of the rear end wall of the motor housing and having an inner and an outer face both extending substantially transversely to the longitudinal rotor axis; a pair of shiftable contactor means mounted in the supporting means and extending from outside the outer face thereof through the cap member and protruding from the inner face thereof toward the rear end wall of the motor housing, the supporting means having passage means for the introduction of a pair of lead means from a plus pole and a minus pole, respectively of an automobile battery or the like into the interspace between the rear end wall and the inner face of the cap member, and into electrically conduc­tive engagement with a first and a second one, respectively, of the pair of shiftable contactor means, the shiftable con­tactor means being so disposed in the cap member as to be switched by corresponding turning of the cap member to adopt three different positions, in a first "off" one of which, parts of the
  • the electrical switch means comprise restoring means for returning the supporting member automatically from an activating position to its neu­tral position; these restoring means comprise a shaft member whose cross sectional area is of elongated configuration and has a larger diameter in a first direction and a smaller diameter in a second direction at right angle to the said first direction, and two elastically flexible blade members lie firmly and straight against opposite flanks of the shaft member spaced from each other by the said smaller diameter when the supporting member is in neutral position, and lying with biassing torque against two other opposite flanks of the shaft member, spaced by the said larger diameter from each other,when the supporting member is in an activating position: the resulting torque biasses the shaft member toward return to its neutral position, one of the two parts being constituted by the supporting member insulating face and the rearward motor housing end wall bearing the shaft member, and the other part being constituted by the two blade members.
  • the supporting member can have a circumferential rim and can be mounted in the cap member pivotably about the central switch axis; while the cap member is connected rigidly with the rearward motor housing wall; and the sup­porting member can then comprise (4.1.a) a switch-shifting member protruding tangential­ly from said supporting member rim; and the cap member can then be provided with a window re­gistering with the switch-shifting member through which window the switch-shifting member protrudes when the support­ing member is in neutral position; depression of the pro­truding end of the switch-shifting member causing the sup­porting member to turn about the central switch axis and shift from its neutral to an activating position.
  • a handle part having at least two opposite handle sidewalls and being firmly connectable with the first build­ing block, the handle part having a central longitudinal axis extending transverse relative to the longitudinal build­ing block assembly axis; while the electrical switch means further comprise (4.5) auxiliary stationary mounting means adapted for holding a third and fourth fixed contactor means firmly in position therein relative to a central switch axis extending normal to the mounting means; these auxiliary mounting means are mounted in the said handle part on an inside face of one of the opposite handle sidewalls; while a special supporting member is mounted, pivotab­ly relative to the last-mentioned central switch axis, on an inside face of the other handle sidewall, in cooperative juxtaposition to the fixed contactor means on the stationary mounting means.
  • the special supporting member has a circumferential rim and comprises (4.1.a) at least one switch-shifting member protruding tangentially from the supporting member rim, while the handle part has window means through which the switch-shifting member is adapted to protrude at least when the supporting member is in neutral position; depres­sion of the protruding end of the switch-shifting member will cause the supporting member to turn by a small angle about the last-mentioned central switch axis and will thus be shifted from its neutral to an activating position.
  • a similar embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention can be built up from a rearward building block which comprises, as part of the electrical switch means, (4.6) stationary mounting means adapted for holding the first and second fixed contactor means firmly in position therein relative to the first-mentioned central switch axis, and being mounted firmly on the outside of the rearward motor housing end wall; while the first and second engagement means of the bias­sing means are aligned with each other along the said central switch axis and are pivotably connected with the cap member and the supporting member therein, and with the said station­ary mounting means, respectively; and the said switch means comprise further (4.7) restoring means being in engagement with the supporting member and comprising arresting means adapted for being held in the stationary mounting means so as to cause restoring bias applied to the supporting member when the lat­ter is pivoted from neutral position to an activating posi­tion; and the said rearward building block further comprises, as part of the kit, separately, (6) a handle unit having at least two opposite handle sidewalls and being firmly connectable with
  • the first and second engagement means of the biassing means are aligned with each other along their common central switch axis and are pivotally connected with the supporting member inside the cap member and with the rearward motor housing end wall, respectively; and the rearward building block comprises further the handle part described hereinbefore under (6), the opposite handle sidewalls having upper end portions adapted for freely supporting the cap member for rotating motion of the latter relative to the sidewalls between the rest position and an activating position of the supporting member; and the handle part comprises (6.1) pivoting means for causing a pivoting motion of the cap member from the said rest position to an activating position of the supporting member therein, which pivoting means are located in the handle part and extend into engagement with the cap member in an underside region of the latter intermediate the handle sidewalls; and (6.2) pivot-actuating means lodged in the handle part and adapted for being depressed from outside the handle part, thereby causing the cap member to pivot from the rest posi­tion to an activate
  • the restoring means can be in restor­ing engagement with the supporting member and can comprise arresting means; and the electrical switch means can further comprise (4.6) stationary mounting means adapted for holding the first and second fixed contactor means firmly in position therein relative to the central switch axis, and being mount­ed on the outside of the rearward motor housing end wall; while the arresting means are held in the stationary mount­ing means so as to cause restoring bias of the restoring means exerted on the supporting member when the latter is pivoted from its neutral position to an activating position.
  • the rearward building block can further com­prise (5) a cap member as described hereinbefore under (5), and the first and second fixed contactor means extending to the cap end wall, (4.2) the socket throughholes extend through the cap end wall to the outside thereof and register with the con­ tactable surface regions of the fixed contactor terminal portions and are adapted for receiving prongs of an electri­cal plug having at least two such prongs and being connect­able to a source of electric current; whereby prongs insert­ed into the socket throughholes can be connected conductive­ly with the contactable surface regions; one of the first and second fixed contactor means has a circuit-breaking gap therein; and this embodiment of an electrical switch comprises a circuit making element mounted in the cap member and being adapted for radial inward displacement by outside pressure being applied thereto, so as to bridge the gap in the one fixed contactor means and thereby to make circuit; the cir­cuit-breaking element is biassed into undepressed, circuit-­breaking position
  • a work­ing kit suitable for hobby work as well as constructional and the like heavy duty work comprises (I) an electric rotary power tool apparatus holdable by hand during operation and consisting essentially of (A) a first building block comprising (1) an apparatus casing consisting essentially of an elongated assembly having a longitudinal axis and comprising the parts defined under (1.1) through (1.4), supra, the speed-reducing unit comprising the gear train as defined supra, which reduces the speed of the pinion to that of the driven shaft in a ratio of from about 7:1 to about 12:1; and (B) a second, rearward building block comprising (2) a direct current electric motor comprising the parts defined, supra, under (2.1) through (2.5.c) as well as (2.5.d) electrically conductive lead means adapted for connecting the first brush means with the first fixed con­tactor, and the second brush means with the second fixed contactor, and being adapted for carrying direct electrical current of the voltage and amperage defined, supra, substan
  • kit according to the invention further comprises (II) at least one of the following kit items: (a) an electrical cable having two ends and comprising at one end thereof connecting means for attachment to a source of direct electrical current, and at the other end an electrical plug comprising prong-receiving holes therein be­ing electrically conductively connected, through the cable, with the connecting means, and prongs adapted for being mounted fixedly in at least one of (i) the socket through­holes of the first supporting member, and (ii) the prong-­receiving holes of the plug; (b) a handle part having at least two opposite handle sidewalls and being firmly and detachably connectable with the first building block, which handle part has a central longitudinal axis extending between the handle sidewalls and transversely to the central longitudinal motor housing axis, when the handle part is attached to the first building block; and the opposite handle sidewalls are adapted for free­ly supporting the cap member and the first supporting member therein to be pivotable about the first central switch axis between
  • This handle part comprises (7) second electrical switch means adapted for switch­ing a direct electrical current having the voltage and amper­ age defined, supra, and comprising, about a second central switch axis, the parts (7.1) through (7.9), described supra; and one end of the cord means comprises (6.1) a handle cord plug conductively connected with the other end of the cord means, through the latter; and (6.2) lead prongs on the cord plug adapted to be in­serted, respectively, into the additional socket throughholes in the cap end wall and to make contact, through the first supporting member, with the contactable terminal regions of the first and second fixed contactors, respectively, while arresting the first supporting member in neutral position; and the second supporting member comprises actuating means extending to the outside and having a depressable por­tion protruding to outside the handle part at least when the second supporting member is in neutral position; while de­pression of the depressable portion of the actuating means causes the supporting member to pivot about the said second central switch axis from its neutral position to an activat
  • the working kit preferably comprises an insert unit as defined under (8C) or (8D), supra, whose impact-generating unit comprises an impact mass separate from the motor and associated preferably with the tool socket means, mentioned under (IV.D), supra, for imparting impacts to the latter means.
  • This impact generating unit comprises an impact mass and preferably imparts impacts to the tool socket means at a frequency equal to the number of revolutions per minute car­ried out by the driven shaft.
  • a preferred impact-generating unit comprises an anvil having at least two anvil abutments, a hammer drum and at least two hammers thereon, the drum and hammers weighing to­gether about 350 to 550 grams and having a radial diameter of about 50 to 55 mm; a hammer shaft connected with the driven shaft, the hammer drum being axially displaceable along the hammer shaft; and a drum spring supported in the impacting unit to urge the hammer drum and hammers into a position in which the hammers are enabled to impact upon the anvil abutments when the hammer shaft is rotated; the hammer drum spring having a length, measured along the rotor axis, of about 35 to 45 mm, and the compressibility of the hammer drum being 10 mm under a load of about 18 to 22 kg.
  • the impact mass is urged by means of a spring against slightly sloped contact faces of the driven tool socket.
  • the strength of the spring and the taper of the contact faces assures a continuous tightening or loosening of bolts and the like elements up to the moment when the reaction forces cause the impact mass to slip over a first sloped contact face and abut against the next fol­lowing sloped contact face.
  • the impact action only starts when the reaction forces surpass 50 Newtonmeters.
  • Automobile batteries have usually a nominal voltage of 12 volts, for passenger cars and 24 volts for trucks, lor­ries, buses, agricultural combustion engines and the like.
  • the electric motor can therefore also be fed with D.C. from a 24-volt battery (operational voltage at least 20 and up to 28 volts).
  • the electric motor is preferably dimensioned so as to be driven by an electric direct current having an operational voltage below 20 volts and, in particular, of about 9.5 to 14.5 volts; the speed of the said electric motor, at a nominal voltage of 12 volts, should preferably not exceed 15 000 r.p.m. when idling.
  • Such power tool apparatus having an electric motor of the last-mentioned characteristics is useful in particular for hobby work such as drilling, honing, super-finishing, fine-grinding, milling and the like operations which serve to change the shape of an article of metal or synthetic resin material in some desired way.
  • the power tool apparatus can be obtained by removing the impact-gener­ating unit from the apparatus, thus leaving an apparatus comprising only the motor and the speed-reducing unit adapted for transmitting torque at a reduced speed to the tool socket means.
  • all of this hobby work can be carried out equally well with the impact-generating unit in place in the forward chamber of the enveloping shell.
  • electrical switch means which comprise (1) first and second fixed contactor means adapted for being,at one end thereof, electrically conductively con­nected to electrical lead means constituting a first part of a path of electric current flow, these first and second contactor means having, at their other end, each a terminal portion bearing a contactable surface region; (2) stationary mounting means adapted for holding the first and second fixed contactor means firmly in po­sition in a mounting face thereof relative to a central switch axis normal to the said mounting face; (3) a pivotable supporting member having at least one electrically insulating face, each such insulating face being spaced from a different contactable surface region of the first and second fixed contactor means; (4) socket throughholes extending through the sup­porting member and opening out of an electrically insulating face thereof, and being adapted for receiving each a prong of an electric plug located in the said path of electric current flow; (5) at least two shiftable contactor elements being mounted on the said electrically insulating face
  • the contactable surface regions of the stationary contactor means are located in the sidewalls of the terminal portions thereof, and the pair of shiftable contactor means are pin-shaped, each have a contact region and are mounted in the supporting member and extend substantially axially relative to the central switch axis from outside the outer face of the supporting member through the cap member and protrude from the inner face of the supporting member toward the stationary mounting means and into a substantially planar contact zone by a distance such as the extend parallel with the stationary con­tactor terminal portions by a sufficient length for the la­teral contact regions of the shiftable contactor means to make contact with the contactable sidewall regions of the terminal portions in axially extending contact zones thereof, when the supporting member is angularly pivoted into either one of two limit positions relative to the stationary mount­ing means, while breaking contact when in at least one inter­mediary position between the limit positions; the cap members having passage means for the introduc­tion of a pair of
  • the first engagement means of the biassing means are mounted on a front face of the sta­tionary mounting means which front face is turned toward the supporting member, and that the second engagement means are mounted on the same face of the supporting member that bears the shiftable contactor elements, and that, while one of the said first and second engagement means protrudes from the respective face bearing the same into an interspace between the front face of the stationary mounting means and the con­tactor elements-bearing face of the supporting member, the other engamenet means protrude from the other face far enough into the said interspace to be engagement with the first mentioned engagement means so that the supporting mem­ber is pivotable relatively to the mounting means.
  • the substantially planar contact zone in which the fron­ward ends of the fixed contactor means are located extends through the above-mentioned interspace preferably substantial­ly parallel with the said front face of the stationary mount­ing means; and the contact-making regions of the shiftable contactor elements on the supporting member must be movable into the said planar contact zone; or viceversa, i.e., the substantially planar contact zone extends substantially parallel with the contactors-bearing face of the supporting member, then the contactable regions of the fixed contactor means must enbxtend into that contact zone.
  • the shiftable contactors can be switched by a corresponding turn of the cap member to adopt at least three different positions; in a first "off" position, parts of the shiftable contactor means at the inner face of the cap member are out of contact with both the first and the second stationary contactor means, while in a second posi­ tion, a first one of the shiftable contactor means makes contact with the first stationary contactor means lodged in the stationary mounting means, and the second shiftable con­tactor means makes contact with the second stationary contac­tor means also projecting from the stationary mounting means, thereby being capable of activating a motor for rotating a driving shaft thereof in a given direction of rotation, and, in a third position, the second one of the shiftable contac­tor means makes contact with the first stationary contactor means, and the first shiftable contactor means makes contact with the second stationary contactor means, thereby being capable of reversing the direction of rotation of the said motor and the said driving shaft, or of
  • a first one pre­ferably comprises inwardly crimped contact spring parts, and the other region is pin-shaped so as to be clampingly engag­able by the first region.
  • FIG. 1 A first embodiment of the power tool apparatus accord­ing to the invention of particularly uncomplicated structure is shown in Fig. 1.
  • This embodiment is built from an enve­loping shell 1 having a central longitudinal axis CL and containing, integral with the shell 1, a transverse wall 2.
  • This transverse wall 2 divides the shell interior into a rearward chamber 3, having an open rear end 3a, and a for­ward chamber 4 having an open front end 4a of the shell 1.
  • a speed-­reducing unit 13 which will be described more in detail be­low.
  • the open shell rear end 3a is closed by a second, transverse closing wall 6, which has an opening 6a.
  • the first transverse wall 2 has an opening 2a therein.
  • the speed-reducing unit 13 is mounted as described hereinafter.
  • a driving shaft 14 extends through the wall opening 6a into the rearward shell chamber 3, and bears at its end a pinion 73; and a driven shaft 7 of the speed-reducing unit 13 extends through the wall opening 2a into the forward shell chamber 4.
  • the shell 1 and the speed-reducing unit 13 therein constitute a first building block of the power tool appara­tus according to the invention.
  • a second building block is constituted by a motor unit 11, to be described in detail hereinafter, which unit is mounted fixedly on the outside of the second transverse, closing wall 6.
  • a third building block comprises an insertable bear­ing-wall 8 which has a central opening 8a in which there is fitted a bearing 9.
  • This bearing 9 is preferably a bronze bearing or constituted by a sintered bushing such as a carbide bearing or the like, in which there is sup­ported a power-transmitting unit 10 which, in the simple construction of the embodiment of Fig. 1, is constituted solely by an intermediary shaft 5, one end 7a of which is connected, for instance by a square head joint, for rotation with the driven shaft 7 near the transverse wall 2, and which extends through the forward shell chamber 3 and is supported in the bearing 9 in the bearing wall 8. From the latter the intermediary shaft 5 protrudes with its square-­head front end 5a to outside the bearing-wall 8.
  • the lat­ter, the bearing 9 and the shaft 5 thus can be assembled to constitute the entire third building block, and can be inserted into the forward shell chamber 3 via the open front end 4a and can be guided in the bearing 9 so that the rearward end 7a is brought automatically into engage­ment with the forward square-head end of the driven shaft 7 which end extends out of the opening 2a into the forward shell chamber 4.
  • Fastening means holding the bearing wall 8 in the shell front end 4a are of conventional snap-in, screw, or bolt-and-nut type and have been omitted from the figures of the drawing for the sake of clarity. Such fastening means are also used for mounting the motor unit on the transverse rear wall 6, and elsewhere in the apparatus as mentioned further below.
  • the inset building block 10 is constituted by an impact-­generating unit shown in more detail in Figures 2a and 2b.
  • the preferred type of speed-reducing unit 13 shown in Fig. 1 comprises a train of spur gears consisting of a small driving gear 73 mounted on the driving motor shaft 14 for rotation therewith.
  • a gear having a diameter of 14 mm and bearing twelve cogs or teeth This gear 73 engages another larger spur gear 74 which is mounted fixedly on a gear shaft 75 being rotatably mounted in upright casing walls 2 and 6.
  • the spur gear 74 has advantageously a diameter of 44 mm and 42 cogs.
  • This gear 76 which rotates, of course, at the same speed as the gear 74 engages a larger spur gear 77 which is mounted on a driven shaft 7 having a separable forward extension 7a constituting the aforesaid intermediary shaft and being rotatably supported in the frontal upright end wall 8 of the apparatus shell 1.
  • the spur gear 77 has a dia­meter of 34 mm and bears 32 cogs. This results in a trans­mission ratio of the speed of the driving shaft 14 to that of the driven shaft of 7:1.
  • the speed of the driven shaft is then 1957 r.p.m. if that of the driven shaft under full load is 13700 r.p.m.
  • the desired objects of the invention are also ful­filled if the following gear trains are used as speed- reducing unit 13; based on a full load motor speed of or similar transmission ratioes within the stated range.
  • the speed ratio of 7:1 is particularly preferred be­cause it permits greater flexibility for use of the same apparatus as a hobby tool apparatus as shall be explained further below.
  • Speed ratios above 12:1 and below 7:1 have been found unsatisfactory, because the driven shaft then either rotates too fast or too slow for the purpose set forth above, as shall be explained below.
  • the impact-generating unit 10 comprises a claw coup­ling comprising two clutch halves of which the rearward half 79 is firmly mounted, for instance by means of a key 78c, on the driven shaft 78a, while the forward "hammer drum” 80 is mounted axially shiftable on the same shaft and is urged away from the rearward half 79 of the coupling by means of a strong axially acting pressure spring 81.
  • the spring is housed in the hollow interior formed by cavities 79b and 80b in the adjacent portions of the two clutch halves 79 and 80 and has its one end supported against the inner face of the rear end wall 79a of the clutch half 79 and the other spring end is supported against the inner face of the forward end wall 80a of the clutch half 80.
  • the two clutch halves 79 and 80 remain in coupled engagement with each other at all times so as to rotate in unison about the shaft 78a regardless of the position of the clutch half or "hammer drum” 80 on this shaft; to this end claws 83 of the rearward clutch half 79 engage claws 84 of the forward clutch half at all times.
  • an impact anvil 85 bearing on its rearward disc face 85a (see Fig. 2a) a diametrically extending rib 86 having sloped flanks 86a and 86b whose angles of inclination converge from the disc face 85a toward the clutch half 80.
  • These flanks 86a and 86b can be abutted against by two noses or hammers 87 and 88 which protrude from the frontal face 82 of the clutch half 80 and are urged by the spring 81 toward the face 85a of the impact anvil 85.
  • Each of these two noses also has sloped flanks 87a, 87b and 88a, 88b on its axially extending lateral walls which sloped flanks abut against the sloped flanks 86a, 86b of the rib 86.
  • the nose flanks 87a, 87b and 88a, 88b have been indicated by dashed lines in Fig. 2b because the cross sectional plate IIB-IIB extends through the untapered foot portions of the hammers 87 and 88, respectively, and the angles of inclination of flanks in each of these pairs converge toward the face 85a of the impact anvil 85.
  • the impact disc shaft 89 is supported in a pressed-­in gland or a ball roller, or sintered metal bush bearing 9 in the forward upright end wall 8 of the apparatus shell 1 and protrudes from the end wall 8 with a square head end 95.
  • a tool socket or for instance, a wrench having a suitable cavity, for instance of hexa­gonal cross section whose diameter corresponds to that of a screw, nut or bolt to be loosened or tightened, can be firmly attached to the square head end 95 for rotation with the latter.
  • the rearward end of the disc shaft 89 ends flush with the top face of the disc rib 86 and contains a cavity 89a preferably extending into the shaft zone inside the bearing 9, in which cavity 89a there is loosely supported the forward free end of the driven shaft 78a.
  • the operation of the impact unit 10 when loosening a screw nut or bolt having a right hand thread is the follow­ing:
  • the tool is placed over the screw nut or bolt.
  • the spring 81 shifts the loose clutch half 80 in forward direction and the noses 87 and 88 abut with their frontal faces against the rear disc face 85a.
  • the driven shaft 7 + 5 rotates in the direction of the arrow L (Fig. 2b ) together with the clutch half 79.
  • the loose hammer drum 80 is shifted slightly in rearward direction, with cor­responding compression of the impact drum spring 81 until the hammers 87 and 88 can pass over the rib 86 of the im­pact disc 85.
  • the spring 81 urges them apart again so that the hammers 87 and 88 are shifted forward, together with their hammer drum 80, toward the impact disc 85.
  • the hammers 87 and 88 hit against the disc rib 86 until the screw nut or bolt has become loose enough, under these impacts occurring at a frequency of about 2000 per minute, to follow the rotary movement of the tool on the shaft 89, taking along the impact anvil 85.
  • the anvil 85 ro­tates in unison with the clutch halves 80 and 79, the impacts cease, and the nut or bolt can be completely removed.
  • this fan 15 can generate an air current through the entire interior of the enveloping shell 1; in this case air passages 16 are provided axially through the walls 2, 6 and 8 of the apparatus housing.
  • the fan 15 can blow air on to a tool attached to the square-head 95 of the driven shaft 5, or it can blow air into the motor unit 11 and cool the electrical motor therein.
  • the second rearward building block consists essentially of a motor unit 11 which comprises a motor and switch means 12 therefor.
  • the motor in the rearward building block is preferably an electric motor, and, for heavy duty work, when an auto­mobile battery or portable nickel-cadmium battery are available, and also when the operator uses a kit according to the invention, which may contain the portable battery, an electric direct current motor has been found to be more satisfactory than any other type.
  • the motor data given here­inafter by way of example are those of a motor which has proven to be most successful in heavy duty work as well as in all kinds of lighter work.
  • the motor unit 11 is shown in more detail in Figs.4 and 5.
  • the unit comprises an electric D.C. motor which comprises a generally drum-shaped armature 20 composed of forty lamel­lae 21, each consisting of about .65 mm thick sheet iron plates having an external diameter D e of 32 mm, which are arranged in parallel to form a package having an overall length L of 26 mm (Fig. 4 ).
  • Each lamella 21 has in its outer annular zone twelve radial lamella cutouts 22, and the internal diameter D i of the lamella between the deepest ends of two diametrically opposite cutouts 22 is 16.7 mm.
  • the lamellae 21 in the stack thereof forming the armature 20 are superimposed upon each other so that the cutouts register with one another and form twelve axially extending channels 26 in the external surface of the armature 20.
  • Each of these channels houses portions, shown in cross section only in a single cutout 22 for the sake of clarity, of a hard copper wire 23.
  • This copper wire has a diameter of .56 mm. Windings of this copper wire are wound about the armature in loops, so that 32 wire portions fill each of the channels 26 , each loop consisting of two such portions and having a length of about 60 to 70 mm, i.e. a bit more than double the length of the armature.
  • the wire windings are formed by pieces of wire having a length of about one meter, so that each such piece of wire can be wound in about sixteen loops from the rear end of the motor about the armature 20 through the channels 26 of the latter.
  • the two free ends of each piece of wire are soldered to different collector seg­ments 24 of a commutator 25 which is mounted fixedly on a driving shaft 14 in common with the armature 20 for ro­tation in unison therewith.
  • the driving shaft 14 is supported in roller or bronze bearings 31 which are mounted respectively in the frontal end wall 32 and the rear end wall 33 of a motor housing 30. The latter is in turn held firmly in the upright wall 6 of the apparatus shell 1, as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the housing further comprises a cylindrical hull 34 which bears in its interior firmly attached to its inside wall the north pole shoe 17 and the south pole shoe 18 of a permanent magnet 19 of magnetic iron which have a length, in axial direction, of 31 mm and a radial thickness of 5.5 mm.
  • the general arrangement of permanent magnet and armature is well known and illustrated in Fig. 150 of chapter “Gleichstrommaschinen” in “Elektrotechnik” by A. Däschler, a text-book published in 1968 by Verlag Aargauer Tagblatt AG in Aarau, Switzerland.
  • the armature diameter is expected to be about 600 mm instead of the 32 mm of our novel D.C. motor.
  • the D.C. motor according to Fig. 152 of the Däschler-textbook affords 280 kilowatts (kW) at 1470 r.p.m., our motor affords under load 0.6 kW at about 3700 r.p.m.
  • Electric motors of electric power-operated impact wrenches which are presently available in the market and are capable of loosening jammed or seized nuts or threaded bolts of automobile wheels for the purpose of changing automobile tyres must derive their power from an electric main, e.g. of 220 to 240 volts of A.C.
  • the wrench is equipped with a motor operating at 725 r.p.m. under full load, with a power input of 420 Watt, (about 1.9 amperes) a power output of 200 Watt, and a tightening torque of 300 Nm; the wrench weighs about 5.3 kg.
  • Screws having a diameter of 27 mm can be loosened with a wrench whose motor penetrates at a speed of 540 r.p.m. under full load, with an input of 620 Watt (2.8 amperes), an output of 360 Watt, and a tightening torque of 800 Nm; this wrench weighs 8.3 kg.
  • the above-described electric motor in our preferred embodiment operates at a speed under full load of 2000 to 2800 r.p.m., with a power input of about 300 to 450 Watt (25 to 40 amperes) and a power output of about 250 Watt, and a loosening torque up to 800 Nm (25 amperes and higher); the apparatus has a weight of maximally 3 kg, and even less, while it is fed by a D.C. of 12 volts (operational voltage of about 10 to 14 volts) as supplied by a common automobile battery. When connected to a heavy automobile battery of 24 volts, it operates under full load with a speed of 4000 r.p.m.
  • a speed is measured under full load when the tool socket is momentarily blocked and the impact mass hits upon the impact abutment in the impact unit.
  • the speed of Motor A drops from the idling speed of 15 000 r.p.m. to a speed under full load of 2800 r.p.m. corresponding to a speed of the driven shaft with continous impacts of 400 r.p.m. when the Motor A is used in an impact wrench according to the invention having a speed reduction ratio of 7:1, and to a speed of 235 r.p.m. when the impact wrench has a speed reduction ratio of 235 r.p.m.
  • the motor then draws a current of about 75 amperes from the 12 volt battery, i.e.
  • a power of about 800 watts when loosening exessively tightened bolts or nuts of automobile wheeles.
  • the power consumtion was 74 watts, corresponding 6.4 amperes of current drawn from a battery having a potential of 11.56 volts.
  • Old batteries having no longer the full potential of 12 volts were used in order to test the capabilities of the impact wrench according to the invention under less than optimal conditions.
  • the speed reduction ratio of the driving to the driven shaft in the speed reducing unit is highly critical in order to achieve the object of loosening severely jammed or seized screws, bolts or nuts of the type used for mounting autombile wheels on their hubs.
  • This speed reduction ratio should be in the range of from about 12:1 to about 7:1, the ratio of 7:1 being the preferred one when the apparatus is operated with D.C. drawn from a 12 volt-automobile battery.
  • a preferred embodiment of such switch means 12 is illus­traded in Figures 4 and 6 .
  • the leads 121 and 122 from the + pole and the - pole, respectively, of a 12 Volt- or 24 Volt-automobile battery are connected to two contactor pins 41 and 42 which are mounted inside a rotatable switch cap 40 on a pins-supporting disc 49, being electrically in­sulated against the latter by insulating jacket 41a and 42a.
  • the disc 49 is firmly connected with the switch cap 40, for rotation therewith, by means of one or several connec­ting flat-head screw bolts 72 inserted through a hole 72a in the cap bottom wall 40a and screwed into a threaded bore 72b in the supporting disc 49.
  • the disc 49 is rotatably mounted on a bridge member 43 which is fastened by means of screws 43a on the outside face of the rear end wall 33 of the motor housing 30.
  • the bridge member 43 has on its side facing away from the rear end wall 33 an outwardly projec­ting raised central bridge portion 44 and a central bore 44a therein which registers with the central bore 49a of the supporting disc 43 and opens at its forward end in the cavity 43b in the face of the bridge portion 44 turned toward the motor housing rear end wall 33.
  • the pins-supporting disc 49 has a further axial bore 56 which opens out of the inward face of the disc 49 where the latter abuts against the rearward face 44b of the raised bridge portion 44.
  • a resting ball 57 is lodged in the bore 56 and is urged into contact with the rearward bridge portion face 44b by means of a pressure spring 58 also lodged in the bore 56 and being supported at its other end on the under­side of the washer 47.
  • the switch cap 40 is held rotatably at the rear end of the motor unit 11, with the cap side wall 40a enclosing the rearward portion of the motor housing 30.
  • Rotation of the cap 40 about the cap shaft 46 is limited by the stop 67 mounted on the forward face of the pins-supporting disc 49 which abuts, in the position shown in Figures 4 and 6 against a first counter stop 68, in which position pins 41 and 42 are electrically conductive contact, respectively, with two contactor blades 50 and 51 which the mounted, adjustably in axial direction, in blade bearing means 52 and 53, respectively, which are of electrically insulating material.
  • the contactor blades 50 and 51 are in turn electrically conductively connected via litze (leads) 50a and 51a with the commutator brushes 54 and 55, respectively. These brushes 54 and 55 are held in brush holders 38 and 39 of electrically insulating material and slide over the collector segments 24 of the electro motor.
  • Direct electric current is supplied to the motor 12 from leads 121 and 122 which have their one ends connected to the +pole and -pole, respectively, of a direct electric current source, in particular an automobile battery of 12 volts (Fig.43), while their other ends are fastened, respectively, to the threaded rearward ends of the contactor pins 41 and 42 by means of fastening nuts 69 and 69a.
  • a direct electric current source in particular an automobile battery of 12 volts (Fig.43)
  • the collector segments 24 thus receive direct electric current from lead 121 via contactor pin 41, contactor blade 50 and collector brush 54, on the one hand, and from lead 122 via contactor pin 42, contactor blade 51 and collector brush 55, while upon turning the switch cap by 90° counterclockwise (when looking at the rear end 33 of the motor housing 30 in axial direction), i.e., in the sense indicated by the arrow CC in Fig. 6.
  • the bore 56 of the supporting disc 49 registers with a small recess or indentation 59 in the rearward bridge portion face 44b, which recess is large enough to receive half of the ball 57 therein, thus providing a light arresting position for the switch cap 40, indicating that the switch is in OFF-position.
  • FIG. 1 to 6 The embodiment of an impact wrench apparatus shown in Figures 1 to 6 can be easily converted to a hobby tool. This conversion is possible in two ways. According to one mode of conversion, a connecting bolt 91 can be inserted through a transverse bore 92 in the rib 86 of the impact disc 85, which bolt 91 will protrude into a corresponding bore 93 in at least one of the noses 87 and 88, thus eliminating the impact effect and causing the impact disc 85 to rotate in unison with the clutch halves 79 and 80.
  • the cap member 140 has a closing wall 149 extending radially with regard to the rotor axis, a lateral cylindrical wall 140a and, on the outer face 149a of the closing wall 149, a peripheral, inwardly crimped rim 163 surrounding a cavity 161 the bottom of which is con­stitutes by the outer face 149a of the closing wall 149 and which cavity 161 is open toward the outside at the rear end of the power tool apparatus.
  • the closing wall 149 bears on its inner face 149 b a central pin 146 having a larger diameter head 145 which is snapped into a corresponding snap-in recess 144 in a socket 143, whereby the cap member 140 is supported for pivotal displacement on the rear end wall 33 of the motor housing 30.
  • the socket 143 protrudes axially from the rearward face 33a of the motor housing end wall 33.
  • In the rear end wall 33 there are mounted, in diametrical arrangement with regard to the rotor axis, and in blade bearing sleeves 152 and 153, two contactor blades 150 and 151 which extend into the interior of the motor housing 30 and are electrically conductively connected to the brushes 54 and 55, respectively.
  • the use of litzes 50a and 51a has thus been eliminated, thereby reducing the possibility of power losses.
  • the contactor blades 150 and 151 bear resilient, inwardly crimped contact spring parts 150a and 151a which are contacted by contactor pins 141 and 142 which are snugly lodged in corresponding bores or ducts 141a and 142a, respectively, in the closing wall 149 of the cap member 140 and protrude through this closing wall 149 axially into the interspace 133 between the inner face 149b of the closing cap wall 149 and the rearward face 33a of the rearward wall 33.
  • the contactor pins 141 and 142 are firmly embedded in a plug body 169 and protrude from the inner face 169a thereof, while leads 121 and 122, which are connectable to the minus and plus terminals of an automobile battery, have their opposite ends likewise embedded in the plug body 169 and have their insulation-free cable ends firmly inserted in the contactor pins 141 and 142 respectively.
  • the plug body 169 is inserted firmly into the cavity 161 and abuts with its frontal face 169a against the outer face 149a of the closing cap wall 149.
  • the plug body 169 is held firmly in the cavity 161 by means of a laterally projecting annular flange part 162 about the frontal face 169a of the plug body 169, which flange 162 is snapped-in and held in position by the in­wardly projecting annular rim 163 of the cap member 140.
  • a flat indentation 159 which is engaged by a spring tip 157 being mounted at the free end of a small blade spring 158 which urges the tip 157 into engagement with the indentation 159.
  • the spring tip 157 Upon further pivoting of the cap member 140 about the axis of its central pin 146 in the same sense of rotation, the spring tip 157 will slide on the peripheral surface of the motor housing rear end wall 33 until it enters, preferably with a click into a third indentation (not shown) in which the contactor pin 141 makes contact with a contactor blade 151, while the contactor pin 142 makes contact with the contactor blade 150.
  • a third indentation not shown
  • a third embodiment of the switch means according to the invention is illustrated schematically in Figures 9 to 13.
  • a stationary mounting or switch base member 60 On the rear end wall 33 of the motor housing there is mounted rigidly by conventional fastening means (not shown) a stationary mounting or switch base member 60, of electri­cally insulating material, which is cup-shaped having a cavity 60a from the center of the bottom face 60b of which there projects axially a stem 61.
  • Stationary contactors 50 and 51 are mounted in the base member 60 and connected by litzes 50a and 51a with the motor brushes in the same manner as in the preceding switch embodiments.
  • a supporting member 26 which bears the shiftable con­tactor elements 35 and 36 is pivotally mounted on the stem 61 which latter projects into a dome part 27 of the support­ing member 26 by way of a central dome opening.
  • a screw 29 is inserted into a threaded axial bore of the stem 61 and holds a biassing spring 64 in place on the stem. This spring 64 urges the supporting member 26 toward the base member 60.
  • the entire supporting member 26 or at least its annular inside face 26a is of electrically insulating material.
  • the two shiftable contactor elements 35 and 36 are mounted on this inside face 26a, each of which is of curved configuration, covering an arc of about 120 degrees about a central switch axis CS which is normal to the base member 60 and the supporting member 26.
  • a cap member 40 covers the entire switch and has a cap end wall 40a on which the supporting member 26 is mounted fixedly. Turning the cap member by hand will therefore also turn the supporting member 26 relative to the base member 60 about the pivot constituted by the stem 61.
  • Such pivoting of the cap member 40 and the supporting member 26 therein about a small angle of a few, e.g. 15 to 45 degrees to the left (arrow L) will cause a contact face 35a at the one end of the contactor member 35 to slide on to the frontal face 51b of the fixed contactor 51, while the diagonally opposite contact face 36a will slide on to the frontal face 50b of the fixed contactor 50.
  • the bias­sing spring 28 pulls the two faces 35a and 36a against the faces 51b and 50b, respectively, thereby causing a secure electrical circuit to be made from a source of direct elec­trical current via the plug 100 whose prongs 97 and 98 are inserted into throughholes 101 and 102 in the cap member 40 and throughholes 101a and 102a in the supporting member 26 which throughholes register respectively with one another.
  • the prongs 97 and 99 make electrical contact with the cor­responding cavities or bores 35a and 36a in the central regions of arc-shaped contactor elements 35 and 36.
  • one or both of the contact faces of the shiftable and fixed contactors can be slanted or have beveled or curbed edges, as indicated in Fig. 14.
  • a restoring spring 28 ( Figures 9 and 10), whose legs 28a and 28b abut against stops 62 and 63 which are integral with the base member 60, will come into action.
  • the spring leg 28a of the restoring coil spring 28 is held in place by the stop 62 and the spring 28 is tensioned.
  • the restor­ing spring 28 will pull the cap member 40 back from the activating position shown in Fig. 12 to the neutral posi­tion shown in Fig. 10.
  • biassing and restoring spring means can also be replaced by other, less expensive means.
  • the biassing of the supporting member 26 toward the base member 65 is achieved by a plate spring 104 which is lodged in an inner cavity 66a, opening toward the motor housing end wall 33, of the base member 65, and is fastened at its center to the free end of a stem 99 of hexagonal, elongated cross sectional area.
  • This stem 99 projects from the center of the supporting member 26 and extends through a recess 66b in the face of the base member 65, which is turned toward the supporting member 26, and through a central throughhole 66 in a separating wall part 65a of the base member 65, which wall part 65a separates the cavity 66a from the recess 66b.
  • the hexagonal column representing the stem 99 comprises two opposite broad flanks,and adjoining the two long edges of each of these broad flanks are two pairs of narrow flanks of which each pair has a common edge.
  • the distance between the two broad flanks is considerably shorter than the dis­tances between diagonally opposite narrow flanks.
  • Two elas­tically resilient blades 107 and 108 made for instance from pieces of flat clock-spring steel, lie flat and straight against the two broad flanks of the stem 99.
  • the restoring elastically resilient element is an elongated plate member 199 which is integral with the supporting member 26.
  • the plate member 199 is mounted at at the longitudinal edges of two elastically deformable portions 201 and 202 thereof in a rigid cage 103 which is in turn mounted stationary on the face 60b, turned toward the supporting member 26, of a base member 60.
  • cap member 40 Turning of the cap member 40 into an activating posi­tion will cause a deformation of the plate member 199, as shown in Fig. 19, generating retoring bias therein while release of the cap member will cause the plate member 199 to straighten out and to return the entire assembly of the shiftable contactor elements 35 and 36, the supporting mem­ber 26 and the cap member 40, to the neutral circuit-break­ing position shown in Fig. 18.
  • a cap member 110 can also be connected rigidly with the rearward wall 6 of the first building block, and the supporting member can be loosely surrounted by the cap member 110 and be mounted pivotably on the pro­truding base member sleeve (61) as shown in Fig. 13.
  • Figures 20 and 21 thereof show the switch means in neutral position
  • Fig. 22 shows the push-button lever 109 in downwardly swivelled position, whereby the supporting member has been turned by an angle of about 30 degrees
  • Fig. 23 shows how the operator can depress the lever 109 with the palm of his hand while holding the power tool apparatus according to the invention.
  • a handle part in a kit according to the invention, there can be pro­vided, as an auxiliary item, a handle part, a preferred embodiment of which is designated by the reference number 120 in Fig. 24.
  • This handle part 120 can be fastened rigidly, e.g. by screw bolts 119, on the outside of the rear end wall 6 of the first building block.
  • a grip member 204 can also be clamped on to the shell 1.
  • a switch of the type illustrated in Figures 20 to 21 there is mounted a switch of the type illustrated in Figures 20 to 21.
  • the base member 65 is mounted, with its outer face 65b, not on the outside face of the motor hous­ing end wall 33, but instead on the inner surface of the sidewall 123, and the supporting member 226 is pivotally mounted on the base member 65 in the same manner as illus­trated in the case of supporting member 26 in Fig. 14, with the outer face of the supporting member 226 extending paral­lel with, but slightly spaced from the inner surface of the opposite sidewall 124 of the handle part 120.
  • the prongs 97 and 98 of the plug 100 can be inserted in corresponding sockets 114 and 115 at the downward end 116 of the handle part 120 which sockets are connected via leads 117 and 118 with the shiftable connector elements 135 and 136.
  • the fixed contactors 155 and 156 are connected by means of electrical leads 125 and 126 which extend up to a rear extension 127 of the handle part 120 to surround the rearward end of the cap member 40 and bear at their other ends prongs 197 and 198. These prongs are inserted into the throughholes 105,105a and 106,106a in the cap member 40 and the supporting member 26, respectively, (Fig. 14) and are long enough to make firm contact with the frontal contact faces 50b and 51b of the stationary contactors 50 and 51, thereby holding the cap member 40 and the support­ing member 26 stationary relative to the stationary base member 65.
  • the supporting member 226 bears tangentially disposed actuating levers 128 and 129 which protrude from the in­terior of the handle part 120 through windows 112a and 112b in a front wall 131 of the handle part 120.
  • depression of one of the actuating levers energizes the motor in the housing 30 in one sense of rotation, de­ pression of the other lever energizes the motor for rota­tion in the opposite sense.
  • the reference numeral 200 designates a rotary cutting tool attached to the front end of the power tool apparatus, which tool will be described further below in connection with Fig. 37.
  • FIGs 27 to 30 there are illustrated two versions of a simple mechanism for turning the cap member 40 when a different embodiment of the handle part is used, and there­by activating the switch means 12 inside the cap member, while no secondary switch means are provided in the handle part 130.
  • This handle part does not comprise a rearward extension 127.
  • the handle part 130 is attached firmly to the rear end wall 6 of the enveloping shell 1 of the first building block and supports the second building block in a manner such that the cap member 40 can be turned by the operator relative to the shell 1 and handle part 130, in order to actuate the switch means 12 comprising preferably the parts illustrated in Fig. 14.
  • the cap member 130 bears at its undersie a curved, peripherally extending rack 132 in which a pawl 134 is en­gaged.
  • the pawl 134 is pivotally mounted on a pivot pin 137a fixed in the rearwall 131a of the handle part 130.
  • an actuating peg 147 protruding via an opening 131a with its conically pointed end 147a inwardly into contact with the front side of a rod-shaped extension 137 of the pawl 134.
  • the flat op­posite face 148 of the peg 147 is mounted on the inside of a deformable circular membrane 138 whose periphery is firm­ly attached to the outside of the front wall 131 of the handle part 130.
  • the actuating peg 147 When an operator holding the handle part depresses with one finger the actuating peg 147 inwardly and deflects it slightly either to the right or to the left, as desired, the conical surface of the peg 147 about its conically pointed tip 147a will press the pawl-rod 137 corresponding­ly to one side and the pawl 134 will cause the cap member 40 to turn correspondingly and cause the switch means 12 to make circuit.
  • the actuating peg 147 has been slightly deflected to the right while depressing it, so that the pawl 134 is also swivelled to the right and causes the cap member 40 to turn in the sense of the arrow L shown in Fig. 12.
  • Restoring means can be provided in the handle part 130 and comprise a restoring spring 28 similar to that shown in Fig. 13.
  • the cap member 40 bears firmly attached on its underside a rod 139 which projects downwardly into the in­ terior of the handle part 130.
  • the same peg-and-membrane mechanism as used in the embodiment of Figures 27 and 28 is also applied in this case.
  • Restoring spring means are provided in the same manner as in the switch means illus­trated in Figures 9 to 13 or 14 to 19 and urge the cap member 40 toward neutral position.
  • FIG. 31 to 33 Another, simplified embodiment of the switch means 12 is illustrated in Figures 31 to 33.
  • the cap member 40 is fixed on the motor housing 30, and the fixed contactor 51 extends across an interspace 133a to the cap end wall 40a in which a throughhole 206 leads to the contactor 51.
  • the contactor 50 has a circuit-breaking gap 71 there­in, but is otherwise of similar construction as the contac­tor 51, and can be connected electrically via a through­hole 205, when the prongs 97 and 98 of the plug 100 are in­serted in these throughholes.
  • a contact pin 164 which is mounted in a flexible membrane 166, must be depressed by the operator.
  • the entire interspace 133a can be filled by a base element 165 which is attached firmly on the motor housing end wall and the cap end wall 40a.
  • the front end of the power tool apparatus comprises the bearing-wall 8 which has a main wall portion detachably, but rigidly mounted in the open front end 4a of the enve­loping shell 1, the above-mentioned central opening 8a and the bearing 9 in which there is lodged the forward end of the power-transmitting inset unit 10 lodged in the forward shell chamber 4, which inset unit comprises a forward shaft end 95, preferably as a polygonal, in particular a square head end, which shaft end 95 protrudes from the bearing 9 to the outside.
  • a centering body portion 94 projects forward of the shell front end 4a and surrounds the bearing 9.
  • the external annular face 96 extending in axial direction about this forward body portion 94 constitues a cylindrical or slightly frustoconical centering face.
  • annular groove 196 is provided at the annular zone where the projecting portion 94 merges with the main body of the bearing-wall 8.
  • Fastening means such as screw bolts insertable into corresponding bores in the forward annular face 8b of the bearing-wall 8 radially outside the body portion 94 there­of, or clamping means as illustrated in Fig. 42, infra, have been represented schematically or omitted for the sake of clarity, as the art-skilled are familiar with them.
  • the cavity sidewall 172 is cylindrical or slightly conically tapered to widen outwardly and fit with good centering on to the correspondingly shaped annular face 96 of the bearing-wall body portion 94.
  • the socket body 170 has a central axial bore or throughhole 173 which opens to the rear in the bottom 171a of the cavity 171 and forwardly in a recess 174a in the frontal face 174 of the socket body 170.
  • a connecting shaft piece 175 having a central collar 176 which comes to rest in the recess 174a.
  • the shaft piece 175 has a rearwardly open cavity 177 of polygonal cross-sectional area, which is adapted to fit over the polygonal head end 95 of the intermediary shaft 5.
  • the head end 95 is a square head end and the cross-sectional area of the cavity 177 is then also a square one. It is important that the square or the like polygonal shaft end 95 fits with play into the cavity 177.
  • the shaft piece 175 is supported rotatingly in the socket throughhole 173 by means of a bronze bushing 182 and, with the flange 176 resting in the recess 174a, a locking ring 187 and washer 188 fixed on the rearward shaft piece end secure the shaft piece 175 against axial displacement in the throughhole 173.
  • a bronze bushing 182 and, with the flange 176 resting in the recess 174a, a locking ring 187 and washer 188 fixed on the rearward shaft piece end secure the shaft piece 175 against axial displacement in the throughhole 173.
  • the forward end of the shaft piece which protrudes from the collar 176 forward beyond the socket body 170 bears a square-head or the like end 189 of poly­ gonal cross-sectional area. This head end can also have a transverse bore 189a for purposes to be described further below.
  • a conventional drill chuck 190 having a socket 191 fitting, e.g. by a thread connection, on to the head end 189 of the shaft piece 175 is shown in Fig. 34 holding clamped in position and exchangeably a drill bit 192.
  • the parts of the drill chuck are well known and will not be described in detail.
  • a socket tool 203 serves for fastening or loosening bolts, by means of which, for instance, automobile wheels are mounted on their hubs or removed.
  • the socket tool 203 there­fore comprises a forward part having a polygonal recess 207 of, for instance, hexagonal cross-section when bolts having hexagonal heads are to be inserted therein, while the rear­ward portion of the socket tool 203 has an axial polygonal recess 208 of, for instance square cross-section, when the intermediary shaft 5 of the power tool apparatus according to the invention bears a square head end 95 ( Figures 1 to 3).
  • the rotary tool unit illustrated in Fig. 37 is an angle sander or a cutting tool and comprises a tool socket body which is almost identical with the connection socket body 170 shown in Fig. 34. All identical parts of the two socket bodies 170 and 210 bear like reference numerals. The difference between the two socket bodies lies in the external configuration of their central and forward portions.
  • the entire tool socket body 200 including its forward portion is of practically cylindrical configuration, but has in its upper forward region a semi-annular recess 211 provided to receive the rearward end of a closing shield 212 therein, while in its lower forward region, a cut-away seg­ment provides a vertical shoulder 213 and flat underside face 214 as well as a transverse groove 215 where the shoulder and underside face meet.
  • a bevel gear 216 On the forward end 189 ⁇ of the shaft piece 175, which can be of circular in lieu of polygonal cross section, there is mounted a bevel gear 216 whose stem part 217 is pro­vided with a transverse bore 217a registering with the transverse bore 189a of the forward shaft piece end 189 ⁇ and can be fixed thereon by means of a cotter pin 218. It will be understood that by opening the shield 212, this bevel gear 216 is readily accessible and can be exchanged for another bevel gear of different toothing or pitch to obtain a different transmission ratio and higher or lower speed of the bevel gear 220. For instance, a speed of the intermediary shaft 5 and the shaft piece 175 of 2000 r.p.m. can be increased by a transmission ratio of 3:1 to a speed of 6000 r.p.m. and by a transmission ratio of 4:1 to a speed of 8000 r.p.m. of the vertical shaft 222 and the tool 230 mounted thereon.
  • the bevel gear 220 is mounted on the upper end 221 of a vertical shaft 222 by means of transverse bores 219 and 223 in the gear 220 and in the shaft upper end 221, respec­tively, which bores register with each other and have a cotter pin 224 inserted therein.
  • the vertical shaft 222 bears an annular flange 225 integral therewith by means of which it rests on ball bearings 227 and 228 in a tool-­bearing body 229.
  • the shaft 222 At its lower end 237 the shaft 222 has attached there­to in a conventional manner a tool such as, in the instant case, a sander or rotary cutter 230.
  • the tool-bearing body 229 is pro­vided with an extension constituting a bracket arm 231 which is shaped to fit snugly into the angular space pro­vided on the connecting socket body 210 between the flat underside 214 and the vertical shoulder 213 and bears at the rearward end of its upper flat face a marginal, upward­ly projecting rim 231a which fits into the transverse groove 215.
  • the bracket arm 231 is firmly held in its posi­tion at the socket body 210 by means of a threaded bolt.
  • the rotary tool unit including the connecting socket body 210 is mounted firmly on the bearing-wall 8 of the front end of the power tool according to the invention by means of the threaded head bolts 178 and 179 (Fig. 35) whose hexagonal heads or nuts are lodged in niches 212a of the closing shield 212 (only the left-hand niche - looking at the shield from outside - is visible in Fig. 37) and are thus freely accessible.
  • the shield 212 can be snapped into place on the socket body 210 and the tool-bearing body 229 and easily removed therefrom.
  • clamping means comprise a split, elastically outwardly biassed clamping ring 233 having holes 234 in each eyelet 235 and a clamp bolt 236 inserted in the eyelet holes 234.
  • a hedge clipper 240 is attached to the lower end of the vertical shaft 222 of the tool unit shown in Fig. 38.
  • the clipper 240 comprises a stationary blade-bearing bar 241 and a movable blade-bearing bar 242.
  • the stationary bar 241 is mounted on a reinforcing rib 231a of the bracket arm 231 of the tool-bearing body 229 by means of an angle piece 243 which is fastened to the bracket arm by a fastening screw connection 244 and is an integral upward extension of the stationary bar 241.
  • the lower end 237 of the vertical shaft 222 extends downwardly below the station­ary bar 241, through a bore 238 thereof, and bears an ex­center disc 239 for rotation with the shaft 222.
  • This ex­center disc 239 is fitted into a slot 245a in an eyelet part 245 being at one end of the moveable bar 242 on the underside 241a of the stationary bar 241.
  • the latter bar bears rivet studs 246 extending from its underside through elongated slots 247 in the moveable bar 242 and holding the bar 242 in contact with the stationary bar 241 thereabove by their lower enlarged rivet heads 248 while per­mitting a forward or backward axial displacement of the moveable bar 242 in the slots 247 relative to the station­ary bar 241, thereby causing a shearing effect between the stationary bar blades 250 and the moveable bar blades 251.
  • the backward and forward displacement of the moveable bar 242 is produced by the excenter disc 239 being rotated in the slot 245a by the vertical shaft 222 and thereby pushing the bar 242 to the left in Fig. 40 upon the shaft 222 ro­tating about 180°, and then pushing the bar 242 to the right, back to the limit position shown in Fig. 40, during its rotation about the next following 180°.
  • Another cutting tool unit comprising a rotary blade can be obtained by the operator using the kit according to the invention by detaching the tool socket 229 and the bracket arm 231, the vertical shaft 222 and the bevel gear 220 from the unit by removing the bolt 232, and then ex­changing the large bevel gear for a large rotary blade on a hub having the rearward stem part 216 and a transverse bore 217a therein which is adapted to register with the transverse bore 189a in the shaft head end 189.
  • the large rotary blade can then be fastened on the shaft end 189 by means of a cotter pin 218.
  • FIG. 41 A straight saw tool unit attachable to the power tool apparatus according to the invention is illustrated in Figures 41 and 42.
  • This saw tool unit comprises a tool socket body 210 as described hereinbefore in relation to Fig. 37, all identical parts bearing like reference numerals.
  • the connecting shaft piece 175A therein has a dif­ferently constructed portion forward of the central collar 176 thereof.
  • crank pin 252 mounted stationary and excen­trically on the front face 186a of the shaft collar 176, or being integral with the latter, and bearing articulated­ly a crank 253 the upper end of which engages the crank pin 252, while the lower crank end is connected articulatedly by means of a crank joint 254 with the top end of a down­wardly extending driving rod 255 which is guided during re­ciprocating upward downward movement in an appropriate bore in a guiding block 256.
  • the guiding block 256 is mounted stationary on a base plate 257 having a slot 258 therein, through which the straight saw blade 260 extends, which is attached exchangeably at its upper end to the lower end of the driving rod 255 by conventional attachment means 259.
  • a guide roller 261 mounted for rotation in a forked holder 262 at the foot end of the guiding block 256 guides the saw blade 260 during its reciprocating movement.
  • a power tool ap­paratus 300 according to the invention comprises the inset building block illustrated in Figures 2, 2a and 2b, an angle sander 301 together with a protecting shield 301a and a connecting piece 302, a portable battery 303 which can be suspended from a belt worn by the operator, by means of a loop 303a, and a connecting cord 304.
  • the connecting cord is provided at one end with a smaller male plug 304a for connection with the female plug 304b, on the battery 303, and at the other end with a larger plug 100 destined to be inserted at the cap member 40 for instance as illustrated in Fig. 9.
  • the battery 303 is preferably a nickel-cadmium battery delivering a direct current of 12 volts. Such a battery weighs approximately 1300 g and will last long enough to loosen 500 automobile wheel nuts each of a diameter of 10 mm, each with an energy consumption of 64 Newton-meters.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Drilling And Boring (AREA)
EP87118936A 1987-12-21 1987-12-21 Elektrisch angetriebenes Werkzeug, von Hand während der Arbeit haltbar, ein solches Werkzeug enthaltendes Kit und neuer Schalter dafür Withdrawn EP0321594A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP87118936A EP0321594A1 (de) 1987-12-21 1987-12-21 Elektrisch angetriebenes Werkzeug, von Hand während der Arbeit haltbar, ein solches Werkzeug enthaltendes Kit und neuer Schalter dafür

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP87118936A EP0321594A1 (de) 1987-12-21 1987-12-21 Elektrisch angetriebenes Werkzeug, von Hand während der Arbeit haltbar, ein solches Werkzeug enthaltendes Kit und neuer Schalter dafür

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Cited By (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU631615B2 (en) * 1989-03-28 1992-12-03 Whitehot Solutions Pty Ltd Improved hand-held power tool
EP0557795A1 (de) * 1992-02-28 1993-09-01 GEC Alsthom T&D AG Verfahren zum Spannen einer Speicherfeder eines Antriebes eines Hoch- oder Mittelspannungs-Leistungsschalters und Leistungsschalter zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
EP0631851A1 (de) * 1993-06-24 1995-01-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Impulsschlagwerk, vorzugsweise für Impulsschrauber
EP0899065A3 (de) * 1997-08-30 2000-06-14 Black & Decker Inc. Motorwerkzeug mit wechselbarem Werkzeugkopf
US6102632A (en) * 1998-04-23 2000-08-15 Black & Decker Inc. Two speed right angle drill
EP1182307A1 (de) * 2000-08-23 2002-02-27 Bronco Construction Equipment Ltd. Zubehör für Krafthandwerkzeug
FR2856324A1 (fr) * 2003-06-20 2004-12-24 Chih Ching Hsien Structure de cle munie d'un mecanisme d'entrainement
EP1961522A1 (de) * 2007-02-23 2008-08-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sowohl im Drehschlag- als auch im Bohrmodus betreibbares elektrisches Drehwerkzeug
CN106826700A (zh) * 2015-12-07 2017-06-13 罗伯特·博世有限公司 手持式工具机的套装件

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US1368617A (en) * 1920-01-13 1921-02-15 Himself And Lewis Sykes Electric-switch handle
FR670146A (fr) * 1928-02-25 1929-11-25 Black & Decker Mfg Co Interrupteur pour outils électriques portatifs et autres applications
US2119220A (en) * 1935-06-22 1938-05-31 Scruggs Loyd Control switch for electrically operated devices
US2194619A (en) * 1937-04-15 1940-03-26 Seruggs Loyd Switch for hand-operated electrical devices
GB626869A (en) * 1946-08-26 1949-07-22 Romeo Agustoni Portable machine tool
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US4169162A (en) * 1978-04-20 1979-09-25 Daylin, Inc. Soft-moist animal food
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU631615B2 (en) * 1989-03-28 1992-12-03 Whitehot Solutions Pty Ltd Improved hand-held power tool
EP0557795A1 (de) * 1992-02-28 1993-09-01 GEC Alsthom T&D AG Verfahren zum Spannen einer Speicherfeder eines Antriebes eines Hoch- oder Mittelspannungs-Leistungsschalters und Leistungsschalter zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
US5358073A (en) * 1992-02-28 1994-10-25 Sprecher Energie Ag Method and apparatus for tensioning an accumulator spring of a drive of a high-voltage or medium-voltage power circuit breaker
CH687051A5 (de) * 1992-02-28 1996-08-30 Gec Alsthom T & D Ag Verfahren zum Spannen einer Speicherfeder eines Antriebes eines Hoch- oder Mittelspannungs-Leistungsschalters und Leistungsschalter zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens.
EP0631851A1 (de) * 1993-06-24 1995-01-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Impulsschlagwerk, vorzugsweise für Impulsschrauber
US6286611B1 (en) 1997-08-30 2001-09-11 Black & Decker Inc. Power tool having interchangeable tool head
EP0899065A3 (de) * 1997-08-30 2000-06-14 Black & Decker Inc. Motorwerkzeug mit wechselbarem Werkzeugkopf
US6461088B2 (en) 1998-04-23 2002-10-08 Black & Decker Inc. Two speed right angle drill
US6296427B1 (en) 1998-04-23 2001-10-02 Black & Decker Inc. Two speed right angle drill
US6102632A (en) * 1998-04-23 2000-08-15 Black & Decker Inc. Two speed right angle drill
EP1182307A1 (de) * 2000-08-23 2002-02-27 Bronco Construction Equipment Ltd. Zubehör für Krafthandwerkzeug
US6543926B2 (en) 2000-08-23 2003-04-08 Bronco Construction Equipment Ltd. Adapter for power tools
FR2856324A1 (fr) * 2003-06-20 2004-12-24 Chih Ching Hsien Structure de cle munie d'un mecanisme d'entrainement
EP1961522A1 (de) * 2007-02-23 2008-08-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sowohl im Drehschlag- als auch im Bohrmodus betreibbares elektrisches Drehwerkzeug
WO2008101556A1 (en) * 2007-02-23 2008-08-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Rotary power tool operable in either an impact mode or a drill mode
EP2815850A1 (de) * 2007-02-23 2014-12-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Im Schlagmodus und Bohrmodus betreibbares elektrisches Drehwerkzeug
US9114514B2 (en) 2007-02-23 2015-08-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Rotary power tool operable in either an impact mode or a drill mode
CN106826700A (zh) * 2015-12-07 2017-06-13 罗伯特·博世有限公司 手持式工具机的套装件
EP3178613A1 (de) * 2015-12-07 2017-06-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Aufsatz für eine handwerkzeugmaschine
CN106826700B (zh) * 2015-12-07 2021-08-10 罗伯特·博世有限公司 手持式工具机的套装件

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