EP0320480A1 - An apparatus for producing a mixture from liquid and powder ingredients, and kneading and extruding the mixture - Google Patents
An apparatus for producing a mixture from liquid and powder ingredients, and kneading and extruding the mixture Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0320480A1 EP0320480A1 EP88850414A EP88850414A EP0320480A1 EP 0320480 A1 EP0320480 A1 EP 0320480A1 EP 88850414 A EP88850414 A EP 88850414A EP 88850414 A EP88850414 A EP 88850414A EP 0320480 A1 EP0320480 A1 EP 0320480A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wheel assembly
- mixer
- blades
- mixture
- shell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
- B30B11/228—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using pressing means, e.g. rollers moving over a perforated die plate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/70—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material
- B01F25/74—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material with rotating parts, e.g. discs
- B01F25/743—Spray-mixers, e.g. for mixing intersecting sheets of material with rotating parts, e.g. discs the material being fed on both sides of a part rotating about a vertical axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
- B01F33/82—Combinations of dissimilar mixers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus which combines the steps of continuously mixing together powder and liquid ingredients, kneading the resultant mixture to form a compact plastic mass or dough and extruding said plastic mass to form elongated extrusions.
- the apparatus includes a mixer, a mixer housing, individual liquid and powder delivery conduits, and a mixture outlet.
- the mixing housing has arranged therein a horizontal wheel which is rotatable together with a vertically extending shaft in the mixer housing, and the liquid delivery conduit opens into a cavity located in the wheel, whereas the powder delivery conduit opens into a powder chamber located in the upper part of the horizontal wheel.
- the cavity communicates with the upper side of the wheel through a circumferentially extending slot or gap, which opens out adjacent a circumferentially extending edge located on the side of the slot or gap nearest the periphery of said wheel, said slot having substantially a frusto-conical configuration, with the apex of the cone facing downwards.
- pellets are produced by first mixing a dry material with a binder dissolved in water or some other solvent, which will often be highly volatile, whereafter the resultant mixture is transferred to an extruder, in which the mixture is pressed, in various ways, through extrusion dies or orifices of different shapes and sizes.
- Apparatus for continuously mixing liquid and powder material together so as to form a substantially homogenous mixture is previously known from Swedish Published Patent Specification 421 047.
- An apparatus for kneading a mixture and subsequent extrusion of the resultant plastic mass, a so-called extruder, is described and illustrated in EPC-application 85850119.0.
- the step of transferring the mixture to the extruder is always encumbered with handling problems, particularly when volatile solvents are used.
- vaporization of the solvent present results in partial drying of the mixture, with subsequent disturbances in production, which results in extrusions of uneven quality.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome this problem, by enabling the steps of mixing together the mixture ingredients and of kneading and extruding the resultant mixture to be carried out in one and the same apparatus, thereby obviating the need of using two separate apparatus, as required by the prior art techniques.
- the inventive apparatus is based on the apparatus described and illustrated in the prior published Swedish Specification No. 421 047, this known apparatus being modified in accordance with the inventive concept to include compacting, kneading and extruding facilities.
- the inventive apparatus is characterized by a cylindrical shell which surrounds the outer peripheral surface of the mixing housing and which is perforated with holes over that part of its periphery which lies across the mixer housing outlet and the axis of which is coaxial with the axis of the mixer wheel; and by blades which are disposed between the circumferentially extending edge and the cylindrical shell in the chord direction of the mixer housing and the outer ends of which blades lie against the inner surface of said shell.
- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the apparatus according to the invention
- Figure 2 is a section taken on the line II-II in Figure 1
- Figure 3 shows part of the section of Figure 2 in larger scale
- Figure 4 shows part of the section of Figure 1 in larger scale.
- the illustrated apparatus includes a mixer housing 1 provided with a cover member 2.
- a wheel assembly which comprises an upper wheel 3 and a lower wheel 4, said wheels extending in the horizontal plane and said lower wheel including a hollow shaft 5 which is journalled in bearing 6 for rotation in the housing 1.
- Located between the upper and lower wheels 3 and 4 is a cavity 7 which communicates with the upper side of the upper wheel 3 through a circumferentially extending slot 8 which has a frusto-conical configuration, with the cone apex facing downwards.
- Blades 9 are mounted on the upper wheel 3. The blades 9 define therebetween spaces 10 which are intended to receive the powder ingredient of the mixture.
- a circumferentially extending chopper edge 11 Located on the lower wheel 4, adjacent the orifice of the slot 8, is a circumferentially extending chopper edge 11, and the lower wheel 4 carries on its peripheral surface blades or "baffles" 12, the outer edges 13 of which run adjacent to a conical surface 14 on the cover member 2.
- Extending circumferentially around the mixer housing is a recess which accommodates a perforated shell 15.
- the holes 16 of the shell 15 are of cylindrical configuration and the axes of respective holes form an angle ⁇ with the radius of the mixer housing, which lies between 0 and 90° and is, for instance 60°.
- the angle ⁇ between the axes of the holes and the plane 17 of the orifices thereof is preferably about 90°.
- the powder ingredient is delivered to the mixer housing through a conduit 18 and the liquid ingredient is delivered through the cavity or hollow 19 in the hollow shaft 9.
- the wheel assembly 3, 4 rotates in the housing 1 at a speed of from 1000 to 5000 rpm.
- the liquid ingredient, or wet phase is therewith delivered to the cavity 7 between said upper and lower wheels through the hollow tubular shaft 5.
- the liquid is thrown outwardly by the centrifugal force generated and passes through the slot 8, to form a liquid film or skin which expands constantly outwards while becoming thinner in the process.
- the liquid film leaves the slot 8 it strikes the chopper edge 11 and is therewith disintegrated into microscopic droplets, so as to form a mist curtain.
- the powder ingredient is passsed through the conduit 18 to the spaces 10 defined between mutually adjacent blades 9 at the same time as the liquid ingredient is delivered to the cavity 7, this powder ingredient being thrown outwardly by centrifugal force and the blades 9, towards the periphery of the upper wheel 3 while simultaneously being whipped-up and impinging with the mist curtain at the chopper edge 11.
- the two ingredients, or phases, are now slung outwardly together and collide against the conical surface 14 on the cover member 2, where they are instantaneously mixed together.
- the resultant mixture is immediately caught by the blades 12, the edges 13 of which pass immediately adjacent the conical surface 14 and knead and tear the mixture against said surface, in a process similar to that of kneading and rolling-out pastry dough.
- the mixtures is kneaded and rolled or spread down towards the perforated shell 15 while being formed into a compact, plastic mass.
- This plastic mass is subsequently pressed through the cylindrical holes 16 by the outer, leading edge 21 of the blades 12, these edges passing contiguously with the inner surface 22 of the shell 15, to form homogenous, compact elongated, cylindrical extrusions 20.
- the holes 16 are formed at an angle ⁇ relative to the shell radius, which lies as close to a right angle as possible, so that the forces exerted by the blades are active as near as possible in the direction of the axes of said holes 16. This will reduce losses due to friction and also reduce the amount of heat generated during the actual moment of extruding the plastic mass.
- the plane of the inlet orifices of respective holes 16 shall form with the axes of said holes an angle ⁇ which is as near to a right angle as possible, so as to prevent the extrusions from being deflected against the outer surface of the shell, such deflection resulting in bending of the extrusions such as to form a porous and cracked outer surface which renders further processing of the extrusiosn difficult.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to an apparatus which combines the steps of continuously mixing together powder and liquid ingredients, kneading the resultant mixture to form a compact plastic mass or dough and extruding said plastic mass to form elongated extrusions. The apparatus includes a mixer, a mixer housing, individual liquid and powder delivery conduits, and a mixture outlet. The mixing housing has arranged therein a horizontal wheel which is rotatable together with a vertically extending shaft in the mixer housing, and the liquid delivery conduit opens into a cavity located in the wheel, whereas the powder delivery conduit opens into a powder chamber located in the upper part of the horizontal wheel. The cavity communicates with the upper side of the wheel through a circumferentially extending slot or gap, which opens out adjacent a circumferentially extending edge located on the side of the slot or gap nearest the periphery of said wheel, said slot having substantially a frusto-conical configuration, with the apex of the cone facing downwards.
- Various kinds of pellets are produced by first mixing a dry material with a binder dissolved in water or some other solvent, which will often be highly volatile, whereafter the resultant mixture is transferred to an extruder, in which the mixture is pressed, in various ways, through extrusion dies or orifices of different shapes and sizes.
- Apparatus for continuously mixing liquid and powder material together so as to form a substantially homogenous mixture is previously known from Swedish Published Patent Specification 421 047. An apparatus for kneading a mixture and subsequent extrusion of the resultant plastic mass, a so-called extruder, is described and illustrated in EPC-application 85850119.0. When using these two known apparatus, the step of transferring the mixture to the extruder is always encumbered with handling problems, particularly when volatile solvents are used. In addition to engendering losses and creating problems environmentally, vaporization of the solvent present results in partial drying of the mixture, with subsequent disturbances in production, which results in extrusions of uneven quality.
- The object of the present invention is to overcome this problem, by enabling the steps of mixing together the mixture ingredients and of kneading and extruding the resultant mixture to be carried out in one and the same apparatus, thereby obviating the need of using two separate apparatus, as required by the prior art techniques. The inventive apparatus is based on the apparatus described and illustrated in the prior published Swedish Specification No. 421 047, this known apparatus being modified in accordance with the inventive concept to include compacting, kneading and extruding facilities.
- The inventive apparatus is characterized by a cylindrical shell which surrounds the outer peripheral surface of the mixing housing and which is perforated with holes over that part of its periphery which lies across the mixer housing outlet and the axis of which is coaxial with the axis of the mixer wheel; and by blades which are disposed between the circumferentially extending edge and the cylindrical shell in the chord direction of the mixer housing and the outer ends of which blades lie against the inner surface of said shell.
- The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to an exemplifying embodiment thereof illustrated schematically in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the apparatus according to the invention; Figure 2 is a section taken on the line II-II in Figure 1; Figure 3 shows part of the section of Figure 2 in larger scale; and Figure 4 shows part of the section of Figure 1 in larger scale.
- The illustrated apparatus includes a
mixer housing 1 provided with acover member 2. Arranged within thehousing 1 is a wheel assembly which comprises an upper wheel 3 and alower wheel 4, said wheels extending in the horizontal plane and said lower wheel including ahollow shaft 5 which is journalled inbearing 6 for rotation in thehousing 1. Located between the upper andlower wheels 3 and 4 is a cavity 7 which communicates with the upper side of the upper wheel 3 through a circumferentially extendingslot 8 which has a frusto-conical configuration, with the cone apex facing downwards.Blades 9 are mounted on the upper wheel 3. Theblades 9 definetherebetween spaces 10 which are intended to receive the powder ingredient of the mixture. Located on thelower wheel 4, adjacent the orifice of theslot 8, is a circumferentially extendingchopper edge 11, and thelower wheel 4 carries on its peripheral surface blades or "baffles" 12, theouter edges 13 of which run adjacent to aconical surface 14 on thecover member 2. Extending circumferentially around the mixer housing is a recess which accommodates aperforated shell 15. Theholes 16 of theshell 15 are of cylindrical configuration and the axes of respective holes form an angle β with the radius of the mixer housing, which lies between 0 and 90° and is, for instance 60°. The angle α between the axes of the holes and theplane 17 of the orifices thereof is preferably about 90°. The powder ingredient is delivered to the mixer housing through aconduit 18 and the liquid ingredient is delivered through the cavity or hollow 19 in thehollow shaft 9. - In the preparation of a mixture, the
wheel assembly 3, 4 rotates in thehousing 1 at a speed of from 1000 to 5000 rpm. The liquid ingredient, or wet phase, is therewith delivered to the cavity 7 between said upper and lower wheels through the hollowtubular shaft 5. The liquid is thrown outwardly by the centrifugal force generated and passes through theslot 8, to form a liquid film or skin which expands constantly outwards while becoming thinner in the process. When the liquid film leaves theslot 8 it strikes thechopper edge 11 and is therewith disintegrated into microscopic droplets, so as to form a mist curtain. The powder ingredient is passsed through theconduit 18 to thespaces 10 defined between mutuallyadjacent blades 9 at the same time as the liquid ingredient is delivered to the cavity 7, this powder ingredient being thrown outwardly by centrifugal force and theblades 9, towards the periphery of the upper wheel 3 while simultaneously being whipped-up and impinging with the mist curtain at thechopper edge 11. The two ingredients, or phases, are now slung outwardly together and collide against theconical surface 14 on thecover member 2, where they are instantaneously mixed together. The resultant mixture is immediately caught by theblades 12, theedges 13 of which pass immediately adjacent theconical surface 14 and knead and tear the mixture against said surface, in a process similar to that of kneading and rolling-out pastry dough. The mixtures is kneaded and rolled or spread down towards theperforated shell 15 while being formed into a compact, plastic mass. This plastic mass is subsequently pressed through thecylindrical holes 16 by the outer, leadingedge 21 of theblades 12, these edges passing contiguously with theinner surface 22 of theshell 15, to form homogenous, compact elongated,cylindrical extrusions 20. - The
holes 16 are formed at an angle β relative to the shell radius, which lies as close to a right angle as possible, so that the forces exerted by the blades are active as near as possible in the direction of the axes of saidholes 16. This will reduce losses due to friction and also reduce the amount of heat generated during the actual moment of extruding the plastic mass. - The plane of the inlet orifices of
respective holes 16 shall form with the axes of said holes an angle α which is as near to a right angle as possible, so as to prevent the extrusions from being deflected against the outer surface of the shell, such deflection resulting in bending of the extrusions such as to form a porous and cracked outer surface which renders further processing of the extrusiosn difficult.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT88850414T ATE82704T1 (en) | 1987-12-11 | 1988-12-08 | APPARATUS FOR MAKING A MIXTURE OF LIQUID AND POWDER AND FOR KNEADING AND EXTRUDING SUCH MIX. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE8704949 | 1987-12-11 | ||
SE8704949A SE463450B (en) | 1987-12-11 | 1987-12-11 | DEVICE FOR MIXING, KNOWLEDGE AND EXTRUSION OF PRODUCTS MADE OF SCIENCE AND POWDER |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0320480A1 true EP0320480A1 (en) | 1989-06-14 |
EP0320480B1 EP0320480B1 (en) | 1992-11-25 |
Family
ID=20370569
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88850414A Expired - Lifetime EP0320480B1 (en) | 1987-12-11 | 1988-12-08 | An apparatus for producing a mixture from liquid and powder ingredients, and kneading and extruding the mixture |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0320480B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH01208106A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE82704T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3876222D1 (en) |
SE (1) | SE463450B (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4209527A1 (en) * | 1992-03-24 | 1993-09-30 | Dorr Oliver Deutschland | Emulsion homogeniser improving fineness of grains - has two facing contra-rotating truncated cone rotors and reduce droplet size without increase in machine complexity |
US6254335B1 (en) * | 1995-04-19 | 2001-07-03 | Kvaerner Pulping Ab | Device for admixing a first fluid into a second fluid |
EP2609999A1 (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2013-07-03 | Jtekt Corporation | Mixing and dispersing device |
CN105664777A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-06-15 | 青岛科技大学 | Fluid mixing method and high-speed centrifugal fluid mixing apparatus |
EP2866926A4 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2016-07-20 | Ivarsson Peter Nemo Lorens Fredrik | Device for mixing powder and at least one other type of phase |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9422154D0 (en) | 1994-11-03 | 1994-12-21 | Euro Celtique Sa | Pharmaceutical compositions and method of producing the same |
US5965161A (en) | 1994-11-04 | 1999-10-12 | Euro-Celtique, S.A. | Extruded multi-particulates |
DE19918325A1 (en) | 1999-04-22 | 2000-10-26 | Euro Celtique Sa | Extruded drug dosage form, e.g. granulate for tableting, comprising an active agent in a polysaccharide-containing matrix, giving a release profile which is controllable by extrusion conditions and/or the inclusion of additives |
CN104135708B (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2017-08-25 | 陈宏乔 | The preparation method of jadeization giant clam nacre nano powder and the diaphragm of loudspeaker |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1085851B (en) * | 1955-02-28 | 1960-07-28 | Bayer Ag | Device for the production of solutions from powdery, in particular substances with low bulk weight |
US3045613A (en) * | 1960-08-22 | 1962-07-24 | K C G Corp | Pelleting machine |
GB1016232A (en) * | 1961-12-07 | 1966-01-05 | John Francis Anthony Meyer | Liquids and solids mixer |
FR2119797A1 (en) * | 1969-11-03 | 1972-08-11 | Degoul Marcel | Centrifugal biological activation - of agents for eg homeopathy |
GB1354167A (en) * | 1971-07-28 | 1974-06-05 | Foucault P | Apparatus for mixing fluids |
US4511321A (en) * | 1982-05-19 | 1985-04-16 | Glenn Howard | Densification - pelletizing of organic materials |
EP0163619A2 (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1985-12-04 | Nicasystem Aktiebolag | Device for extrusion |
-
1987
- 1987-12-11 SE SE8704949A patent/SE463450B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1988
- 1988-12-08 EP EP88850414A patent/EP0320480B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-08 AT AT88850414T patent/ATE82704T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-12-08 DE DE8888850414T patent/DE3876222D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-09 JP JP63311768A patent/JPH01208106A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1085851B (en) * | 1955-02-28 | 1960-07-28 | Bayer Ag | Device for the production of solutions from powdery, in particular substances with low bulk weight |
US3045613A (en) * | 1960-08-22 | 1962-07-24 | K C G Corp | Pelleting machine |
GB1016232A (en) * | 1961-12-07 | 1966-01-05 | John Francis Anthony Meyer | Liquids and solids mixer |
FR2119797A1 (en) * | 1969-11-03 | 1972-08-11 | Degoul Marcel | Centrifugal biological activation - of agents for eg homeopathy |
GB1354167A (en) * | 1971-07-28 | 1974-06-05 | Foucault P | Apparatus for mixing fluids |
US4511321A (en) * | 1982-05-19 | 1985-04-16 | Glenn Howard | Densification - pelletizing of organic materials |
EP0163619A2 (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1985-12-04 | Nicasystem Aktiebolag | Device for extrusion |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4209527A1 (en) * | 1992-03-24 | 1993-09-30 | Dorr Oliver Deutschland | Emulsion homogeniser improving fineness of grains - has two facing contra-rotating truncated cone rotors and reduce droplet size without increase in machine complexity |
US6254335B1 (en) * | 1995-04-19 | 2001-07-03 | Kvaerner Pulping Ab | Device for admixing a first fluid into a second fluid |
EP2609999A1 (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2013-07-03 | Jtekt Corporation | Mixing and dispersing device |
JP2013132572A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2013-07-08 | Jtekt Corp | Mixing and dispersing device |
EP2866926A4 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2016-07-20 | Ivarsson Peter Nemo Lorens Fredrik | Device for mixing powder and at least one other type of phase |
US10118139B2 (en) | 2012-06-29 | 2018-11-06 | Peter-Nemo Lorens Fredrik Ivarsson | Device for mixing powder and at least one other type of phase |
EP3753628A1 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2020-12-23 | Ivarsson, Peter-Nemo Lorens Fredrik | Device for mixing powder and at least one other type of phase and method |
CN105664777A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2016-06-15 | 青岛科技大学 | Fluid mixing method and high-speed centrifugal fluid mixing apparatus |
CN105664777B (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2018-05-01 | 青岛科技大学 | A kind of fluid mixing method and high speed centrifugation fluid mixer |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH01208106A (en) | 1989-08-22 |
SE8704949L (en) | 1989-06-12 |
SE463450B (en) | 1990-11-26 |
EP0320480B1 (en) | 1992-11-25 |
SE8704949D0 (en) | 1987-12-11 |
ATE82704T1 (en) | 1992-12-15 |
DE3876222D1 (en) | 1993-01-07 |
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