EP0310414A2 - Lens/polarizer/radome - Google Patents
Lens/polarizer/radome Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0310414A2 EP0310414A2 EP88309094A EP88309094A EP0310414A2 EP 0310414 A2 EP0310414 A2 EP 0310414A2 EP 88309094 A EP88309094 A EP 88309094A EP 88309094 A EP88309094 A EP 88309094A EP 0310414 A2 EP0310414 A2 EP 0310414A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lens
- polarizer
- dielectric lens
- dielectric
- radome
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
- H01Q1/425—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome comprising a metallic grid
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
- H01Q15/244—Polarisation converters converting a linear polarised wave into a circular polarised wave
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
- H01Q17/001—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems for modifying the directional characteristic of an aerial
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
Definitions
- This invention pertains generally to directive antennas for radio frequency energy, and particularly to a Lens/Polarizer/Radome used in conjunction with other types of antennas.
- the elements of the contemplated Lens/Polarizer/Radome are mounted within a flanged frame 10 that is dimensioned to permit mounting in any convenient manner on the face of an array antenna 12, here a linear array of sectoral horns (not numbered).
- the elements of the contemplated Lens/Polarizer/Radome are a dielectric lens 13, a quarter-wave matching element 15, a polarization filter 17 and a polarizer 19.
- absorbers 21, 23, 24 are provided as shown.
- the dielectric lens 13 here fabricated from polyethylene having a dielectric constant of approximately 2.3, is shaped to have a first surface 13a complementary in shape to the ends of the sectoral horns (not numbered). To put it another way, first surface 13a is shaped to present nearly an equiphase surface to fields produced by the sectoral horns (not numbered).
- a second surface 13b of the dielectric lens 13 is shaped to adjust the phase delay of rays passing through the dielectric lens 13 as required to attain a desired distribution across the aperture (not numbered) of the Lens/Polarizer/Radome.
- the phase delay at any point through the dielectric lens 13 is directly related to the thickness of the dielectric lens and to the square root of the dielectric constant and inversely related to the wavelength of the electromagnetic energy being transmitted or received.
- the cross-section of the dielectric lens 13 is shaped as shown.
- the first surface 13a of the dielectric lens 13 need not be concentric with the end of the sectoral horns (not numbered).
- the dielectric lens 13 be rotated so that the upper end of the first surface 13a is slightly closer to the sectoral horn than the lower end of the first surface 13b.
- the quarter-wave matching element 15 here is a sheet of foam rubber having a thickness of one-quarter wavelength of electromagnetic energy passing through the dielectric lens 13 in either direction.
- the dielectric constant of the foam rubber is equal approximately to the square root of the dielectric constant of the polyethylene of the dielectric lens 13.
- the quarter-wave matching element 15 is affixed with an electrically thin layer of R.F. transparent adhesive to the first and second surfaces 13a, 13b of the dielectric lens 13.
- the polarization filter 17 and polarizer 19 are used to convert circularly polarized energy to linearly polarized energy and vice versa and to compensate for changes in the cross-polarization component of the electromagnetic energy out of each sectoral horn (not numbered). As is known, such a cross-polarized component increases with non-principal plane angles.
- the polarization filter 17 is conventional, here being made up of parallel metal plates spaced at about 0.4 wavelengths at the upper end of the frequency band of interest and about 3/4 inches deep. The polarization filter 17, as shown, conforms with the polarizer 19. On transmission, then, only horizontally polarized energy is passed through the polarization filter 17 to the polarizer 19.
- the polarizer 19 here consists of four sheets of dielectric material essentially transparent to the radio frequency energy passing through the Lens/Polarizer/Radome.
- a metallic meanderline 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d, 19e is formed on each one of the sheets in accordance with the table shown in FIG. 2A.
- the meanderlines are oriented so that each is inclined at an angle of 45° to the horizontal. As a result, then, linearly polarized energy passing through the polarizer 19 is converted to circularly polarized energy. Because the polarizer 19 is a reciprocal device, circularly polarized energy passing through the polarizer 19 is converted to linearly polarized energy.
- absorbers 21, 23, 24 fabricated from any known absorbing material are affixed (as by cementing with an electrically thin layer of R.F. transparent adhesive) to the perimeter of the dielectric lens 13 and adjacent areas.
- the absorbers 21, 23, 24 then are effective to prevent unwanted nulls in the antenna pattern and radiation from the ends of the dielectric lens 13.
- spaces between the elements of the just-described Lens/Polarizer/Radome preferably are filled with dielectric material (not shown) having a dielectric constant approximating 1.0. Such a filler then has no appreciable electrical effect, but rather serves only to make the Lens/Polarizer/Radome a unitary structure.
Landscapes
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention pertains generally to directive antennas for radio frequency energy, and particularly to a Lens/Polarizer/Radome used in conjunction with other types of antennas.
- It is sometimes necessary to modify the shape of the antenna pattern of an array of antennas. In such case it would be standard practice to redesign the array to attain the desired modified antenna pattern. However, such an approach could be relatively difficult and expensive to implement, especially if implementation were to require retrofitting an appreciable number of systems in the field.
- With the foregoing background in mind, it is a primary object of this invention to provide a Lens/Polarizer/Radome that may be easily attached to an existing array antenna to modify the antenna pattern in a desired way without significantly affecting the other operating characteristics of such array antenna.
- The foregoing and other objects of this invention are attained generally by providing a Lens/Polarizer/Radome incorporating an appropriately shaped dielectric lens along with impedance matching and filtering structures, such Lens/Polarizer/Radome being adapted for mounting on the existing array antenna to form a unitary structure.
- For a more complete understanding of this invention, reference is now made to the following description of the accompanying drawings wherein:
- FIG. 1 is an isometric drawing, partially cross-sectional, showing a Lens/Polarizer/Radome according to a preferred embodiment of this invention in place over an array antenna; and
- FIGS. 2 and 2A show a polarizer here contemplated.
- Referring now to FIG. 1, it may be seen that the elements of the contemplated Lens/Polarizer/Radome are mounted within a flanged
frame 10 that is dimensioned to permit mounting in any convenient manner on the face of anarray antenna 12, here a linear array of sectoral horns (not numbered). The elements of the contemplated Lens/Polarizer/Radome are adielectric lens 13, a quarter-wave matching element 15, apolarization filter 17 and apolarizer 19. In addition, absorbers 21, 23, 24 are provided as shown. - The
dielectric lens 13, here fabricated from polyethylene having a dielectric constant of approximately 2.3, is shaped to have afirst surface 13a complementary in shape to the ends of the sectoral horns (not numbered). To put it another way,first surface 13a is shaped to present nearly an equiphase surface to fields produced by the sectoral horns (not numbered). Asecond surface 13b of thedielectric lens 13 is shaped to adjust the phase delay of rays passing through thedielectric lens 13 as required to attain a desired distribution across the aperture (not numbered) of the Lens/Polarizer/Radome. As is known, the phase delay at any point through thedielectric lens 13 is directly related to the thickness of the dielectric lens and to the square root of the dielectric constant and inversely related to the wavelength of the electromagnetic energy being transmitted or received. In the illustrated example, where it is desired to increase the elevation angle of the upper 3 dB point of the antenna pattern, i.e., increase the coverage in elevation, the cross-section of thedielectric lens 13 is shaped as shown. It is noted here that thefirst surface 13a of thedielectric lens 13 need not be concentric with the end of the sectoral horns (not numbered). As a matter of fact, in order to optimize elevation sidelobes it is here preferred that thedielectric lens 13 be rotated so that the upper end of thefirst surface 13a is slightly closer to the sectoral horn than the lower end of thefirst surface 13b. - The quarter-wave matching
element 15 here is a sheet of foam rubber having a thickness of one-quarter wavelength of electromagnetic energy passing through thedielectric lens 13 in either direction. The dielectric constant of the foam rubber is equal approximately to the square root of the dielectric constant of the polyethylene of thedielectric lens 13. The quarter-wave matchingelement 15 is affixed with an electrically thin layer of R.F. transparent adhesive to the first andsecond surfaces dielectric lens 13. - The
polarization filter 17 andpolarizer 19 here are used to convert circularly polarized energy to linearly polarized energy and vice versa and to compensate for changes in the cross-polarization component of the electromagnetic energy out of each sectoral horn (not numbered). As is known, such a cross-polarized component increases with non-principal plane angles. Thepolarization filter 17 is conventional, here being made up of parallel metal plates spaced at about 0.4 wavelengths at the upper end of the frequency band of interest and about 3/4 inches deep. Thepolarization filter 17, as shown, conforms with thepolarizer 19. On transmission, then, only horizontally polarized energy is passed through thepolarization filter 17 to thepolarizer 19. - Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 2A, it will be seen that the
polarizer 19 here consists of four sheets of dielectric material essentially transparent to the radio frequency energy passing through the Lens/Polarizer/Radome. Before assembly ametallic meanderline polarizer 19 is converted to circularly polarized energy. Because thepolarizer 19 is a reciprocal device, circularly polarized energy passing through thepolarizer 19 is converted to linearly polarized energy. - To complete the contemplated Lens/Polarizer/Radome, absorbers 21, 23, 24 fabricated from any known absorbing material are affixed (as by cementing with an electrically thin layer of R.F. transparent adhesive) to the perimeter of the
dielectric lens 13 and adjacent areas. Theabsorbers dielectric lens 13. In addition, spaces between the elements of the just-described Lens/Polarizer/Radome preferably are filled with dielectric material (not shown) having a dielectric constant approximating 1.0. Such a filler then has no appreciable electrical effect, but rather serves only to make the Lens/Polarizer/Radome a unitary structure. - Having described apparatus that may be used to implement the contemplated invention, it will now be apparent to one of skill in the art that modifications may be made without departing from the inventive concept. It is felt, therefore, that this invention should not be restricted to its disclosed embodiment, but rather should be limited only by the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10377887A | 1987-10-02 | 1987-10-02 | |
US103778 | 1987-10-02 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0310414A2 true EP0310414A2 (en) | 1989-04-05 |
EP0310414A3 EP0310414A3 (en) | 1990-04-25 |
EP0310414B1 EP0310414B1 (en) | 1994-06-01 |
Family
ID=22296996
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19880309094 Expired - Lifetime EP0310414B1 (en) | 1987-10-02 | 1988-09-30 | Lens/polarizer/radome |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0310414B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU618281B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA1304155C (en) |
DE (1) | DE3889834T2 (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0437190A2 (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1991-07-17 | International Telecommunications Satellite Organization | Polarization converter application for accessing linearly polarized satellites with single- or dual-circularly polarized earth station antennas |
FR2729791A1 (en) * | 1988-06-14 | 1996-07-26 | Thomson Csf | Reflected wave interference reduction device esp. for wideband aerial |
EP0795928A2 (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 1997-09-17 | SPACE ENGINEERING S.p.A. | Antenna with single or double reflector, with shaped beams and linear polarisation |
WO1998045725A1 (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 1998-10-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Radar system, including for use in a vehicle |
US20100074315A1 (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-03-25 | Quellan, Inc. | Noise sampling detectors |
CN107706526A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-16 | 西南交通大学 | High power flush type polarization conversion antenna house |
CN112234360A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-15 | 南京理工大学 | Dual-polarized transmission surface for controlling electrical characteristics by terminating filter circuit and design method thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5017939A (en) * | 1989-09-26 | 1991-05-21 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Two layer matching dielectrics for radomes and lenses for wide angles of incidence |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3611392A (en) * | 1968-03-25 | 1971-10-05 | Post Office | Primary feed for dish reflector having dielectric lens to reduce side lobes |
FR2373891A1 (en) * | 1976-12-08 | 1978-07-07 | Gen Dynamics Corp | ELECTRONIC ANTENNA FOR SENDING OR RECEIVING A SIGNAL OF A SPECIFIED WAVELENGTH |
EP0044502A1 (en) * | 1980-07-17 | 1982-01-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Polarising device for conversion of linearly polarised into circularly polarised electromagnetic waves, mounted in front of a parabolic reflector antenna |
US4342034A (en) * | 1980-11-24 | 1982-07-27 | Raytheon Company | Radio frequency antenna with polarization changer and filter |
EP0131328A1 (en) * | 1983-07-01 | 1985-01-16 | Rtc-Compelec | Transmit-receive device for a presence-detecting radar, and method of making it |
EP0280379A2 (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1988-08-31 | Yoshihiko Sugio | Dielectric or magnetic medium loaded antenna |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4187507A (en) * | 1978-10-13 | 1980-02-05 | Sperry Rand Corporation | Multiple beam antenna array |
US4220957A (en) * | 1979-06-01 | 1980-09-02 | General Electric Company | Dual frequency horn antenna system |
US4698639A (en) * | 1986-01-14 | 1987-10-06 | The Singer Company | Circularly polarized leaky waveguide doppler antenna |
-
1988
- 1988-09-28 CA CA000578627A patent/CA1304155C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-09-29 AU AU22923/88A patent/AU618281B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-09-30 EP EP19880309094 patent/EP0310414B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-09-30 DE DE19883889834 patent/DE3889834T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3611392A (en) * | 1968-03-25 | 1971-10-05 | Post Office | Primary feed for dish reflector having dielectric lens to reduce side lobes |
FR2373891A1 (en) * | 1976-12-08 | 1978-07-07 | Gen Dynamics Corp | ELECTRONIC ANTENNA FOR SENDING OR RECEIVING A SIGNAL OF A SPECIFIED WAVELENGTH |
EP0044502A1 (en) * | 1980-07-17 | 1982-01-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Polarising device for conversion of linearly polarised into circularly polarised electromagnetic waves, mounted in front of a parabolic reflector antenna |
US4342034A (en) * | 1980-11-24 | 1982-07-27 | Raytheon Company | Radio frequency antenna with polarization changer and filter |
EP0131328A1 (en) * | 1983-07-01 | 1985-01-16 | Rtc-Compelec | Transmit-receive device for a presence-detecting radar, and method of making it |
EP0280379A2 (en) * | 1987-02-27 | 1988-08-31 | Yoshihiko Sugio | Dielectric or magnetic medium loaded antenna |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2729791A1 (en) * | 1988-06-14 | 1996-07-26 | Thomson Csf | Reflected wave interference reduction device esp. for wideband aerial |
EP0437190A2 (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1991-07-17 | International Telecommunications Satellite Organization | Polarization converter application for accessing linearly polarized satellites with single- or dual-circularly polarized earth station antennas |
EP0437190A3 (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1991-11-06 | International Telecommunications Satellite Organization | Polarization converter application for accessing linearly polarized satellites with single- or dual-circularly polarized earth station antennas |
EP0795928A2 (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 1997-09-17 | SPACE ENGINEERING S.p.A. | Antenna with single or double reflector, with shaped beams and linear polarisation |
EP0795928A3 (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 1998-07-22 | SPACE ENGINEERING S.p.A. | Antenna with single or double reflector, with shaped beams and linear polarisation |
US5990842A (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 1999-11-23 | Space Engineering S.P.A. | Antenna with single or double reflectors, with shaped beams and linear polarisation |
WO1998045725A1 (en) * | 1997-04-09 | 1998-10-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Radar system, including for use in a vehicle |
US20100074315A1 (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-03-25 | Quellan, Inc. | Noise sampling detectors |
CN107706526A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-16 | 西南交通大学 | High power flush type polarization conversion antenna house |
CN107706526B (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2024-04-05 | 西南交通大学 | High-power embedded polarization conversion radome |
CN112234360A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-15 | 南京理工大学 | Dual-polarized transmission surface for controlling electrical characteristics by terminating filter circuit and design method thereof |
CN112234360B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-05-13 | 南京理工大学 | Dual-polarized transmission surface for controlling electrical characteristics by terminating filter circuit and design method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2292388A (en) | 1989-04-06 |
EP0310414A3 (en) | 1990-04-25 |
DE3889834T2 (en) | 1995-01-05 |
AU618281B2 (en) | 1991-12-19 |
DE3889834D1 (en) | 1994-07-07 |
CA1304155C (en) | 1992-06-23 |
EP0310414B1 (en) | 1994-06-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5652631A (en) | Dual frequency radome | |
US3754271A (en) | Broadband antenna polarizer | |
US20170179596A1 (en) | Wideband reflectarray antenna for dual polarization applications | |
US4701765A (en) | Structure for a dichroic antenna | |
US5103241A (en) | High Q bandpass structure for the selective transmission and reflection of high frequency radio signals | |
US4479128A (en) | Polarization means for generating circularly polarized electro-magnetic waves | |
US4081803A (en) | Multioctave turnstile antenna for direction finding and polarization determination | |
US5793330A (en) | Interleaved planar array antenna system providing opposite circular polarizations | |
CA2011298A1 (en) | Dual polarization dipole array antenna | |
US6023243A (en) | Flat plate antenna arrays | |
JP2846081B2 (en) | Triplate type planar antenna | |
US4901086A (en) | Lens/polarizer radome | |
EP0310414A2 (en) | Lens/polarizer/radome | |
US5434587A (en) | Wide-angle polarizers with refractively reduced internal transmission angles | |
JPH05308223A (en) | Two-frequency common use antenna | |
US4314255A (en) | Electromagnetic angle filter including two staggered, identical, periodically perforated conductive plates | |
CA2064295C (en) | Microwave polarizing lens structure | |
US4435714A (en) | Grating lobe eliminator | |
CA1263180A (en) | Linearly polarized grid reflector antenna systems with improved cross-polarization performance | |
US3803622A (en) | Hf dual-feed corner reflector antenna | |
EP0739051B1 (en) | A layered antenna | |
RU2016444C1 (en) | Flat aerial | |
EP0156549B1 (en) | Antenna for circularly polarised radiation | |
Bodnar | Materials and design data | |
GB1268121A (en) | Improvements in and relating to directional antennas |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19900829 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19920924 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3889834 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19940707 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20010813 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20010817 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20010820 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20020930 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030401 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20020930 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20030603 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |