EP0310121B1 - Production method of pumping and/or guiding means for fluid machines and radial impeller manufactured thereby, in particular coolant impeller for combustion engines - Google Patents

Production method of pumping and/or guiding means for fluid machines and radial impeller manufactured thereby, in particular coolant impeller for combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0310121B1
EP0310121B1 EP19880116214 EP88116214A EP0310121B1 EP 0310121 B1 EP0310121 B1 EP 0310121B1 EP 19880116214 EP19880116214 EP 19880116214 EP 88116214 A EP88116214 A EP 88116214A EP 0310121 B1 EP0310121 B1 EP 0310121B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blades
blade carrier
radial
impeller
pieces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19880116214
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0310121A3 (en
EP0310121A2 (en
Inventor
Dieter Spindelböck
Heinrich Winkelmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Winkelmann and Pannhoff GmbH
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Winkelmann and Pannhoff GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19883814186 external-priority patent/DE3814186A1/en
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, Winkelmann and Pannhoff GmbH filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP0310121A2 publication Critical patent/EP0310121A2/en
Publication of EP0310121A3 publication Critical patent/EP0310121A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0310121B1 publication Critical patent/EP0310121B1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18Rotors
    • F04D29/22Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/2205Conventional flow pattern
    • F04D29/2222Construction and assembly
    • F04D29/2233Construction and assembly entirely open or stamped from one sheet
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/281Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for fans or blowers

Definitions

  • the invention is based on US Pat. No. 2,802,619.
  • the blades which are made in one piece from a sheet metal with the blade carrier, are brought into a functional position by bending or bending.
  • DE-OS 1 628 222 shows a radial impeller made of sheet metal, the blade carrier, which cooperates directly with a shaft in a rotationally fixed manner, carrying blades which are formed from sections of an outer ring region and are each angled about a straight bending edge. Point with the straight bending edges between the blade carrier and blades this has a straight course in the radial direction and a relatively short length due to the formation of sections of the outer ring region.
  • This simple design of the bucket is only sufficient for low conveying capacities.
  • the blades are also designed from sections of the integrally connected blade carrier and brought into a functional position by bending along curved bending edges. Since the blades extend from the outer blade carrier circumference limitation to the central region in order to achieve a relatively large length, there are relatively large gaps in the blade carrier between the positioned blades due to the sections of the blade carrier provided for their formation.
  • the star-like blade carrier which is connected in one piece to the blades, is arranged on a disk which can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a shaft.
  • the free edges of the gap boundaries of the star-shaped blade carrier running between the blades form flow losses due to eddy formation.
  • this type of construction involves a high level of production expenditure.
  • the impeller is composed of individual segments, the number of which corresponds to the number of blades.
  • Each of the segments that can be produced from sheet metal has a single piece along a boundary arranged blade on, while the other part of the segment forms a closed channel wall, which connects with its narrow side to the adjacent segment with the same contour.
  • blade carriers and blades are each formed separately, the blades being able to be optimally designed to achieve a favorable turbomachine efficiency, in particular spatially curved design.
  • a disadvantage of this known arrangement of the blades is the manufacturing and manufacturing outlay associated with the separate fixing of a blade in its two end regions.
  • the invention has for its object to develop the manufacturing method described in the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that radially flowed through conveying and / or guiding devices of turbomachines with low material expenditure and gap-free blade carrier with efficiency-optimized blades with regard to the desired shape, maximum possible length and free design the blade curvature can be produced in a simple manner with a structurally simple structure of the respective device.
  • the essence of the invention is the connecting web of each blade over such the smallest possible cross section to be tied to the blade carrier that this cross-section endures successive pivoting operations of the blade, such as, for example, bending transversely to the blade carrier and subsequent twisting of the said cross-section, for the radial positioning of the blade or the blades relative to the blade carrier in a functionally appropriate manner and additionally a relatively secure mounting of the blade or the blades in the final position or in the final positions.
  • the function of the smallest possible cross-section thus corresponds to that of a universal joint which is subject to high friction, part of which retains every spatial position at the end of a force. This is a major advantage for the automated production of a conveyor and / or guide device.
  • the smallest possible cross section is preferably formed by a one-piece connection of the connecting web to the blade carrier.
  • the blades and the blade carrier can be designed geometrically freely independently of one another in the respective manufacturing process.
  • Blades Before the blades are arranged in their smallest possible cross-sections in the blade carrier in the further manufacturing process according to a further characteristic feature of claim 1 in the blade carrier to form a radially flowed conveying and / or guiding device by successive different or spatial pivoting by means of bending and twisting the connecting webs, can they Blades can be shaped in a simple or multiple curved manner in a production-favorable sequence in an embodiment of the invention. In addition, the blades can be reinforced in the case of thin sheet metal and high stresses caused by beads.
  • the blade carrier is formed in the outer peripheral region with recesses arranged in pairs, the mutual spacing of which defines the smallest possible width of the connecting web relative to the sheet thickness.
  • the above-described, gap-free arrangement of the blades on one end face of the blade carrier offers the further advantage of the free choice of location and the type of additional connection of a blade to the blade carrier.
  • the smallest possible cross-sections of the connecting webs which are permanently deformed by bending and twisting, can serve as attachment points of the blades on the blade carrier, additional attachment points being provided in the free end regions of the blades according to a further proposal of the invention.
  • the connecting web of this in addition to the function of a universal joint subject to high friction, also serves as a holding and fixing device for each blade on the blade carrier.
  • a holding and fixing device for each blade on the blade carrier Associated with this in the automated manufacture of a conveying and / or guiding device is the advantage of a flawless mounting of each blade in the respective functional position relative to the blade carrier until the production of a further fixation located radially inward, in particular in the free blade end region.
  • a material closure achieved by welding or soldering or a form closure achieved by plug connection can serve for this purpose.
  • the smallest possible cross-sections of the connecting webs which are spaced apart in pairs in the outer circumferential area of a blade carrier, enable the blades to be positioned on an end face of the blade carrier in a gap-free arrangement, as is already described above, which is an advantageous prerequisite for fixing the blades without additional measures represented by laser welding.
  • they can only be welded in the free end region or over the blade length at further points or continuously. Since laser welding does not leave any traces of welding disturbing the flow with the gap-free arrangement of the blades, laser welding in combination with the manufacturing method according to the invention offers a radially flowed conveying and / or guiding device of a turbomachine, in particular in automated production.
  • hump pressure welding in which one or more humps are arranged along a blade in / on the blade carrier. Since the blades come into contact with the blade carrier essentially without a gap at the end of the pressure welding, the connecting web is additionally designed to be compressible for the movement of the blades during the pressure welding. This is achieved by means of recesses in the outer circumferential region of the blade carrier which are arranged in a pair and are spaced radially further inwards, the compressed connecting webs not projecting beyond the end face of the blade carrier which faces away from the blade.
  • the correct choice of the arrangements of the recesses lying radially further inward saves any reworking and also allows an impeller manufactured according to the manufacturing method according to the invention to be arranged in the flow device with the smallest possible gap.
  • the blades with a counter-holding device are formed in the free end regions with radially directed contact edges.
  • These contact edges can be radially directed boundaries of the blades or be formed in additional recesses on the suction edges of the blades.
  • the method claim 1 for the production of a radially flowed conveying and / or guiding device applies both to a disk-shaped and thus planar blade carrier as well as to a spatially, in particular conical or spherical section-shaped blade carrier.
  • a Open radial impeller of a turbomachine which is designed in accordance with requirements, can advantageously be produced inexpensively by connecting the blade carrier to a hub part of a radial impeller.
  • An advantageously simple manufacture of an open radial impeller with the least additional material expenditure is further achieved in that the blade carrier and hub part of the impeller, in particular a fluid-flow machine, are formed in one piece from sheet metal. Otherwise, the manufacturing method according to the invention is not limited to single-flow radial impellers.
  • the blades can be arranged alternately on the blade carrier in order to achieve a double-flow radial impeller.
  • the method for producing a closed radial impeller formed from only two sheet metal parts is advantageous.
  • the blade carrier with its blades forms one of the sheet metal parts, while a disk connected to a molded hub part forms the second sheet metal part.
  • the manufacturing method according to the invention can be used with regard to low manufacturing costs in that the blades are welded exclusively to the hub part disk, while the blades are welded to the cover ring of the closed radial impeller serving blade carrier only remain connected via the connecting webs.
  • the axially end regions of the blades from the hub part disk to the connecting webs can be used as free, essentially radially directed suction edges are executed. Since the blades are thus connected to the blade carrier serving as a cover ring essentially only in a punctiform manner, the punctiform connections of the connecting webs which are permanently deformed by bending and twisting in the smallest possible cross sections result in insignificant flow obstacles.
  • the blade carrier serving as a cover ring in the case of a closed radial impeller can be designed with an integrally molded suction mouth according to a partial feature of a further proposal of the invention.
  • the blade carrier thus also has the function of a carrier for the suction mouth of a closed radial impeller.
  • cutouts with radially directed contact edges are suggested in the suction edge region of the blades near the axis to train who serve the installation of counter-holding devices, in particular a welding electrode.
  • a radial impeller produced by the method according to the invention is preferably used as a coolant pump wheel, in particular a water pump wheel for internal combustion engines.
  • a coolant pump wheel in particular a water pump wheel for internal combustion engines.
  • all parts in the water flow can be made very thin-walled with sufficient strength. This results in an optimally usable delivery cross-section of the water pump wheel with simultaneously reduced flow losses due to smooth surfaces of the sheet metal parts.
  • the thus advantageously increased efficiency can serve in a redesign of a radial impeller as a water pump impeller to reduce its structural dimensions and, in conjunction therewith, for the favorable placement of the flow device on the internal combustion engine.
  • the water pump wheel is preferably made of a stainless steel sheet.
  • a further proposal of the invention is directed to radial impellers of turbomachines, the blades of which have a relatively long radial extent at a small mutual angular distance.
  • the punched-out portions are formed with radial extensions of the blades fixed in the radial direction.
  • the blades are placed transversely to the blade carrier around radial axes running through the connecting webs in such a way that the blades subsequently join can be folded over the connecting webs in front of the desired end face of the blade carrier.
  • This proposal is equally suitable for open and closed radial impellers, and also for single and double-flow wheel designs.
  • the radial blade extensions can be achieved by punching out the blades with their main extensions arranged approximately in the circumferential direction of the blade carrier.
  • a central, circular opening 2 is punched into a square piece of sheet metal 1, FIG. 1 (FIG. 2).
  • a cover ring 3 is punched out with essentially triangular blades 4, each blade 4 being connected to the cover ring 3 via a connecting web 5 (FIG. 3).
  • FIG. 4 This is then followed by an axial shaping or flanging on the inner circumference of the central opening to form a suction mouth 6 and an arcuate configuration of the blades 4, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the blades 4 are then bent at right angles and then partially radially inward, as shown in FIG. 5 in section and FIG. 6 in plan view.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show a truncated cone-shaped disk 7 likewise formed from a flat piece of sheet metal with a hub 8 integrally formed thereon, with bulges 9 at equal angular intervals in the edge region of the disk 7 and on a circle 9 corresponding to the inwardly bent ends of the blades 4 are designed such that end regions 10 and 11 of the blades 4 in the position according to FIGS. 5 and 6 come to lie opposite the hump 9 when the cover ring 3 and the disk 7 are brought into contact with one another in the axial direction. Then, in this position, a hump pressure welding is carried out, whereby the water pump impeller as a closed radial impeller 14 is in the finished state, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.
  • cutouts 12 with radially directed edges 13 can be formed in blades 4a on the side facing away from the hub disc in the free end regions 11a, such that the welding tools applied in these free end regions 11a from the side facing away from the hub disc force the blades 4a against the can press opposing hump on the hub disc 7a, ie without the risk of slipping on the inclined edges of the blades 4a of the liberating cover ring 3a with flange 6a.
  • connection methods than the hump pressure welding method shown can also be used to connect the cover ring to the blades and the disk to the hub.
  • a hub disk 17 with a molded hub 18 is formed from a piece of sheet metal similar to FIGS. 1 and 2, with blades 19 being punched out on the outer circumference of the hub disk 17.
  • the blades 19, which are integrally connected to the disc 17 via connecting webs 20, have cutouts with their greatest radial extent, essentially in the circumferential direction of the disc 17.
  • This material-saving arrangement of the cutouts for the blades 19 is advantageous with a relatively large angular distance between the blades 19.
  • the blades 19 are designed to bend the blades at right angles, which is followed by a partially radially inward bending. If, as prescribed, the blades 19 are positioned in front of the end face 21 of the hub disk 17, the blades 19 are welded to bosses 22 of the disk 17.
  • FIG. 18 shows a closed stator 23 which can be assigned as a guide device to one of the radial impellers 14 or 16 shown in FIGS. 10 or 15 on the outflow side.
  • the stator 23 comprises an annular blade carrier 24 formed from a piece of sheet metal and having blades 25 arranged by punching on the outer circumference.
  • the straight blades 25 are arranged in a radial direction by bending and twisting the connecting webs 26.
  • Via the blades 25, a circumferential ring 27 of the same shape as the blade carrier 24 is fixedly connected to the blade carrier 24 to form the stator 23.
  • the blade carrier 29 including all blades 30 and 30 ' is punched from a flat piece of sheet metal, the aforementioned blades being arranged in one piece on the blade carrier 29 via connecting webs 31. Due to the large number of blades 30, 30 'and their relatively long radial extensions, the punched-out holes forming the blades are arranged so that the radial dimensions of the blades 30, 30' are achieved via their radial dimensions.
  • the blades 30 are transverse to the blade carrier 29 in each case according to arrow A about radial axes 32 running through the connecting webs 31 provided that the blades 30 can then be folded over the connecting webs 31 in front of the end face 33 of the blade carrier 29 according to arrow B. Then the blades 30 'through the connecting webs 31 extending radial axes 34 to the blade carrier 29 each in such a way according to arrow C that the blades 30' can then be folded over the connecting webs 31 in front of the end face 35 of the blade carrier 29. Finally, all blades 30, 30 'are firmly connected to the blade carrier 29.

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Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Förder- und/oder Leiteinrichtungen für Strömungsmaschinen und nach diesem Verfahren hergestelltes Radial-Laufrad, insbesondere Kühlmittelpumpenrad für BrennkraftmaschinenMethod for producing conveying and / or guiding devices for turbomachines and radial impeller manufactured according to this method, in particular coolant pump wheel for internal combustion engines

Die Erfindung geht gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 von der US-PS 2 802 619 aus.According to the preamble of claim 1, the invention is based on US Pat. No. 2,802,619.

Aus dieser Schrift ist die Herstellung eines Axial-Laufrades einer Strömungsmaschine bekannt, wobei der zentrische Schaufelträger und die am Außenumfang über Verbindungsstege angeordneten Schaufeln aus einem Blech gefertigt bzw. gestanzt werden. In einem weiteren Herstellungsvorgang werden die Schaufeln durch Verdrillen der Verbindungsstege um radial gerichtete Achsen in die funktionsgerechte Position gebracht.From this document the manufacture of an axial impeller of a turbomachine is known, the central blade carrier and the blades arranged on the outer circumference via connecting webs being made or stamped from a sheet metal. In a further manufacturing process, the blades are brought into the functional position by twisting the connecting webs about radially directed axes.

Bei Radial-Laufrädern von Strömungsmaschinen, insbesondere Strömungsarbeitsmaschinen, werden die mit dem Schaufelträger aus einem Blech einstückig angeordneten Schaufeln durch Abwinkelung bzw. Biegen in eine funktionsgerechte Position gebracht. So zeigt die DE-OS 1 628 222 ein Radial-Laufrad aus Blech, wobei der mit einer Welle unmittelbar drehfest zusammenwirkende Schaufelträger aus Abschnitten eines äußeren Ringbereiches gebildete und jeweils um eine gerade Biegekante abgewinkelte Schaufeln trägt. Mit den geraden Biegekanten zwischen Schaufelträger und Schaufeln weisen diese einen in radialer Richtung geraden Verlauf auf und durch die Ausbildung aus Abschnitten des äußeren Ringbereiches eine relativ geringe Länge. Diese in der Herstellung einfache Schaufelgestaltung genügt lediglich für geringe Förderleistungen.In the case of radial impellers of fluid-flow machines, in particular fluid-flow machines, the blades, which are made in one piece from a sheet metal with the blade carrier, are brought into a functional position by bending or bending. For example, DE-OS 1 628 222 shows a radial impeller made of sheet metal, the blade carrier, which cooperates directly with a shaft in a rotationally fixed manner, carrying blades which are formed from sections of an outer ring region and are each angled about a straight bending edge. Point with the straight bending edges between the blade carrier and blades this has a straight course in the radial direction and a relatively short length due to the formation of sections of the outer ring region. This simple design of the bucket is only sufficient for low conveying capacities.

Demgegenüber eine bessere Förderleistung durch längere und gebogen bzw. einfach gekrümmt gestaltete Schaufeln erreicht ein aus dem DE-Gm 75 14 744 bekanntes Radial-Laufrad. Hierbei werden die Schaufeln ebenfalls aus Abschnitten des einstückig verbundenen Schaufelträgers gestaltet und durch Umbiegen längs gekrümmter Biegekanten in eine funktionsgerechte Position gebracht. Da die Schaufeln zur Erzielung einer relativ großen Länge sich von der äußeren Schaufelträger-Umfangsbegrenzung bis in den zentrischen Bereich erstrecken, ergeben sich zwischen den positionierten Schaufeln durch die für deren Ausbildung vorgesehenen Abschnitte des Schaufelträgers in diesem relativ große Lücken. Um dennoch die gewünschte Förderleistung zu erreichen, wird der mit den Schaufeln, einstückig verbundene, sternartige Schaufelträger auf einer mit einer Welle drehfest verbindbaren Scheibe angeordnet. Neben zusätzlichem Gewicht bilden die zwischen den Schaufeln verlaufenden freien Kanten der Lückenbegrenzungen des sternartigen Schaufelträgers Strömungsverluste durch Wirbelbildung. Außerdem ist mit dieser Bauart ein hoher Herstellungsaufwand verbunden.In contrast, a better impeller through longer and curved or simply curved blades achieved a radial impeller known from DE-Gm 75 14 744. Here, the blades are also designed from sections of the integrally connected blade carrier and brought into a functional position by bending along curved bending edges. Since the blades extend from the outer blade carrier circumference limitation to the central region in order to achieve a relatively large length, there are relatively large gaps in the blade carrier between the positioned blades due to the sections of the blade carrier provided for their formation. In order to nevertheless achieve the desired delivery rate, the star-like blade carrier, which is connected in one piece to the blades, is arranged on a disk which can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a shaft. In addition to additional weight, the free edges of the gap boundaries of the star-shaped blade carrier running between the blades form flow losses due to eddy formation. In addition, this type of construction involves a high level of production expenditure.

Eine andere Bauart eines aus Blech herstellbaren Radial-Laufrades mit frei wählbaren Krümmungen der Schaufeln und maximal möglichen Längen ist in der DE-OS 33 43 752 dargestellt. Zur Erzielung der vorgenannten Schaufelgestaltung ist das Laufrad aus einzelnen Segmenten zusammengesetzt, deren Anzahl der Zahl der Schaufeln entspricht. Jedes der aus Blech herstellbaren Segmente weist entlang einer Begrenzung ein einstückig angeordnete Schaufel auf, während der andere Teil des Segmentes eine geschlossene Kanalwand bildet, die mit ihrer Schmalseite an das benachbarte Segment konturengleich anschließt. Neben einer aufwendigen Fertigung ergibt sich weiter der Aufwand einer mechanischen Nachbearbeitung zur Erzielung eines ausgewuchteten Rundlaufes.Another design of a radial impeller that can be produced from sheet metal with freely selectable curvatures of the blades and the maximum possible lengths is shown in DE-OS 33 43 752. To achieve the aforementioned blade design, the impeller is composed of individual segments, the number of which corresponds to the number of blades. Each of the segments that can be produced from sheet metal has a single piece along a boundary arranged blade on, while the other part of the segment forms a closed channel wall, which connects with its narrow side to the adjacent segment with the same contour. In addition to complex production, there is also the need for mechanical post-processing to achieve balanced runout.

Ein anderes Beispiel der letztgenannten Bauart eines gebauten Radial-Laufrades zeigt schließlich die DE-OS 1 653 712. Bei diesem Beispiel werden Schaufelträger und Schaufeln jeweils getrennt ausgebildet, wobei die Schaufeln zur Erzielung eines günstigen Strömungsmaschinen-Wirkungsgrades optimal gestaltbar sind, insbesondere durch eine räumlich gekrümmte Gestaltung. Nachteilig bei dieser bekannten Anordnung der Schaufeln ist jedoch der mit der gesonderten Fixierung einer Schaufel in ihren beiden Endbereichen verbundene Fertigungs- und Herstellungs-Aufwand.Another example of the latter type of built radial impeller is finally shown in DE-OS 1 653 712. In this example, blade carriers and blades are each formed separately, the blades being able to be optimally designed to achieve a favorable turbomachine efficiency, in particular spatially curved design. A disadvantage of this known arrangement of the blades, however, is the manufacturing and manufacturing outlay associated with the separate fixing of a blade in its two end regions.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das im Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 beschriebene Herstell-Verfahren derart weiterzuentwickeln, daß radial durchströmte Förder- und/oder Leiteinrichtungen von Strömungsmaschinen bei geringem Materialaufwand und lückenfreiem Schaufelträger mit wirkungsgradoptimierbaren Schaufeln hinsichtlich wünschbarer Form, maximal möglicher Länge und freier Gestaltung der Schaufelkrümmung in einfacher Weise bei konstruktiv einfachem Aufbau der jeweiligen Einrichtung herstellbar sind.The invention has for its object to develop the manufacturing method described in the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that radially flowed through conveying and / or guiding devices of turbomachines with low material expenditure and gap-free blade carrier with efficiency-optimized blades with regard to the desired shape, maximum possible length and free design the blade curvature can be produced in a simple manner with a structurally simple structure of the respective device.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Kennzeichen des Anspruches 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Kern der Erfindung ist, den Verbindungssteg jeder Schaufel über einen solchen kleinstmöglichen Querschnitt an den Schaufelträger anzubinden, daß dieser Querschnitt aufeinanderfolgende Schwenkvorgänge der Schaufel, wie beispielsweise ein Abbiegen quer zum Schaufelträger und anschließendes Verdrillen des besagten Querschnittes, zur funktionsgerechten radialen Positionierung der Schaufel bzw. der Schaufeln relativ zum Schaufelträger festigkeitsmäßig erträgt und zusätzlich eine relativ sichere Halterung der Schaufel bzw. der Schaufeln in der endgültigen Position bzw. in den endgültigen Positionen ergibt. Der kleinstmögliche Querschnitt entspricht somit in seiner Funktion einem mit hoher Reibung behafteten Universalgelenk, dessen einer Teil jede räumliche Lage am Ende einer Krafteinwirkung beibehält. Damit ist ein wesentlicher Vorteil für eine automatisierte Herstellung einer Förder- und/oder Leiteinrichtung erzielt. Vorzugsweise ist der kleinstmögliche Querschnitt durch eine einstückige Anbindung des Verbindungssteges an den Schaufelträger gebildet. Dies führt zu dem weiteren wesentlichen Vorteil, daß Schaufelträger und Schaufeln mit den Verbindungsstegen gemeinsam aus einem Stück Blech in wirtschaftlich günstiger Weise in einem Arbeitsgang gefertigt werden können. Es ist aber auch möglich, den kleinstmöglichen Querschnitt beispielsweise durch einen Schweißpunkt zu erzeugen. In beiden Fällen können die Schaufeln und der Schaufelträger voneinander unabhängig im jeweiligen Herstellungsverfahren geometrisch frei gestaltet werden.The essence of the invention is the connecting web of each blade over such the smallest possible cross section to be tied to the blade carrier that this cross-section endures successive pivoting operations of the blade, such as, for example, bending transversely to the blade carrier and subsequent twisting of the said cross-section, for the radial positioning of the blade or the blades relative to the blade carrier in a functionally appropriate manner and additionally a relatively secure mounting of the blade or the blades in the final position or in the final positions. The function of the smallest possible cross-section thus corresponds to that of a universal joint which is subject to high friction, part of which retains every spatial position at the end of a force. This is a major advantage for the automated production of a conveyor and / or guide device. The smallest possible cross section is preferably formed by a one-piece connection of the connecting web to the blade carrier. This leads to the further substantial advantage that the blade carrier and blades with the connecting webs can be manufactured together from a piece of sheet metal in an economically advantageous manner in one operation. However, it is also possible to produce the smallest possible cross section, for example by means of a welding point. In both cases, the blades and the blade carrier can be designed geometrically freely independently of one another in the respective manufacturing process.

Bevor die Schaufeln im weiteren Herstellungsvorgang nach einem weiteren Kennzeichenmerkmal des Anspruches 1 in dem Schaufelträger axial benachbarte Positionen zur Bildung einer radial durchströmten Förder- und/oder Leiteinrichtung durch aufeinanderfolgendes unterschiedliches bzw. räumliches Verschwenken mittels Biegen und Verdrillen der Verbindungsstege in ihren kleinstmöglichen Querschnitten angeordnet werden, können die Schaufeln in herstellungsmäßig günstiger Reihenfolge in Ausgestaltung der Erfindung einfach oder mehrfach gekrümmt geformt werden. Weiter können die Schaufeln bei dünnem Blech und hoher Belastung durch Sicken verstärkt ausgebildet werden. Schließlich wird zur Erzielung geringer Strömungsverluste durch die gebogenen und verdrillten Querschnitte der Verbindungsstege in weiterer Ausgestaltung vorgeschlagen, daß der Schaufelträger im Außenumfangsbereich mit paarweise beabstandet angeordneten Ausnehmungen ausgebildet wird, deren gegenseitiger Abstand eine geringstmögliche Breite des Verbindungssteges relativ zur Blechstärke festlegt. Mit dieser Ausgestaltung kann der gebogene und verdrillte Bereich des Verbindungssteges im wesentlichen zwischen den beiden Stirnseiten des Schaufelträgers angeordnet werden und es können damit die Strömungsverluste gering gehalten werden. Die vorgeschriebene Ausgestaltung ermöglicht es ferner in vorteilhafter Weise, die Schaufeln ohne Zwischenraum nach dem mehrmaligen Verschwenken in die funktionelle Position unmittelbar gegen den Schaufelträger anzuschlagen.Before the blades are arranged in their smallest possible cross-sections in the blade carrier in the further manufacturing process according to a further characteristic feature of claim 1 in the blade carrier to form a radially flowed conveying and / or guiding device by successive different or spatial pivoting by means of bending and twisting the connecting webs, can they Blades can be shaped in a simple or multiple curved manner in a production-favorable sequence in an embodiment of the invention. In addition, the blades can be reinforced in the case of thin sheet metal and high stresses caused by beads. Finally, in order to achieve low flow losses through the curved and twisted cross sections of the connecting webs, it is proposed in a further embodiment that the blade carrier is formed in the outer peripheral region with recesses arranged in pairs, the mutual spacing of which defines the smallest possible width of the connecting web relative to the sheet thickness. With this configuration, the bent and twisted region of the connecting web can be arranged essentially between the two end faces of the blade carrier and the flow losses can thus be kept low. The prescribed configuration also makes it possible, in an advantageous manner, to strike the blades directly against the blade carrier without intermediate space after pivoting several times into the functional position.

Die vorbeschriebene, spaltfreie Anordnung der Schaufeln an einer Stirnseite des Schaufelträgers bietet den weiteren Vorteil der freien Wahl des Ortes und der Art einer zusätzlichen Verbindung einer Schaufel mit dem Schaufelträger. So können bei nicht allzuhoch belasteten Schaufeln die durch Biegen und Verdrillen bleibend verformten kleinstmöglichen Querschnitte der Verbindungsstege als Befestigungsstellen der Schaufeln am Schaufelträger dienen, wobei zusätzliche Befestigungsstellen nach einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung in den freien Endbereichen der Schaufeln vorgesehen werden. Bei einstückiger Ausbildung von Schaufeln und Schaufelträger kann durch geeignete Werkstoffwahl hinsichtlich hoher Zähigkeit der kleinstmögliche Querschnitt jedes Verbindungssteges dieser neben der Funktion eines mit hoher Reibung behafteten Universalgelenkes zusätzlich als Halte- und Fixiereinrichtung jeder Schaufel am Schaufelträger dienen. Damit verbunden ist bei einer automatisierten Herstellung einer Förder- und/oder Leiteinrichtung der Vorteil einer einwandfreien Halterung jeder Schaufel in der jeweiligen funktionellen Position relativ zum Schaufelträger bis zur Herstellung einer radial einwärts gelegenen, insbesondere im freien Schaufelendbereich angeordneten weiteren Fixierung. Hierfür kann nach weiteren Ansprüchen ein durch Schweißen oder Löten erreichter Materialschluß oder ein durch Steckverbindung erzielter Formschluß dienen.The above-described, gap-free arrangement of the blades on one end face of the blade carrier offers the further advantage of the free choice of location and the type of additional connection of a blade to the blade carrier. Thus, in the case of blades that are not loaded too heavily, the smallest possible cross-sections of the connecting webs, which are permanently deformed by bending and twisting, can serve as attachment points of the blades on the blade carrier, additional attachment points being provided in the free end regions of the blades according to a further proposal of the invention. In the case of one-piece design of blades and blade carrier, the smallest possible cross section can be obtained by suitable choice of material with regard to high toughness The connecting web of this, in addition to the function of a universal joint subject to high friction, also serves as a holding and fixing device for each blade on the blade carrier. Associated with this in the automated manufacture of a conveying and / or guiding device is the advantage of a flawless mounting of each blade in the respective functional position relative to the blade carrier until the production of a further fixation located radially inward, in particular in the free blade end region. According to further claims, a material closure achieved by welding or soldering or a form closure achieved by plug connection can serve for this purpose.

Die in paarweise beabstandet angeordneten Ausnehmungen im Außenumfangsbereich eines Schaufelträgers erzielten kleinstmöglichen Querschnitte der Verbindungsstege ermöglichen, wie weiter oben bereits beschrieben, ein Positionieren der Schaufeln an einer Stirnseite des Schaufelträgers jeweils in einer spaltfreien Anordnung, die eine ohne zusätzliche Maßnahmen vorteilhafte Voraussetzung für das Fixieren der Schaufeln durch Laserschweißen darstellt. Entsprechend der Belastung der Schaufeln können diese lediglich im freien Endbereich oder über die Schaufellänge an weiteren Punkten oder durchgehend verschweißt werden. Da mit der spaltfreien Anordnung der Schaufeln das Laserschweißen keine die Strömung störenden Schweißspuren hinterläßt, bietet das Laserschweißen in Kombination mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Herstellverfahren einer radial durchströmten Förder-und/oder Leiteinrichtung einer Strömungsmaschine, insbesondere in einer automatisierten Fertigung, erhebliche Vorteile.The smallest possible cross-sections of the connecting webs, which are spaced apart in pairs in the outer circumferential area of a blade carrier, enable the blades to be positioned on an end face of the blade carrier in a gap-free arrangement, as is already described above, which is an advantageous prerequisite for fixing the blades without additional measures represented by laser welding. Depending on the load on the blades, they can only be welded in the free end region or over the blade length at further points or continuously. Since laser welding does not leave any traces of welding disturbing the flow with the gap-free arrangement of the blades, laser welding in combination with the manufacturing method according to the invention offers a radially flowed conveying and / or guiding device of a turbomachine, in particular in automated production.

Ein weiteres, für eine automatisierte Fertigung vorteilhaftes Schweißverfahren ist das Buckel-Preßschweißen, bei dem ein oder mehrere Buckel entlang einer Schaufel im/am Schaufelträger angeordnet sind. Da hierbei die Schaufeln erst zu Ende der Preßschweißung im wesentlichen spaltfrei am Schaufelträger zur Anlage kommen, ist für die Bewegung der Schaufeln während der Preßschweißung der Verbindungssteg zusätzlich stauchbar gestaltet. Erreicht ist dies durch radial weiter einwärts angeordnete, paarweise beabstandete Ausnehmungen im Außenumfangsbereich des Schaufelträgers, wobei die gestauchten Verbindungsstege die schaufelabgewandte Stirnseite des Schaufelträgers nicht überragen. Die richtige Wahl der Anordnungen der radial weiter einwärts liegenden Ausnehmungen erspart evtl. Nacharbeiten und gestattet ferner, ein nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Herstell-Verfahren gefertigtes Laufrad mit kleinstmöglichem Spalt in der Strömungseinrichtung anzuordnen.Another welding process that is advantageous for automated production is hump pressure welding, in which one or more humps are arranged along a blade in / on the blade carrier. Since the blades come into contact with the blade carrier essentially without a gap at the end of the pressure welding, the connecting web is additionally designed to be compressible for the movement of the blades during the pressure welding. This is achieved by means of recesses in the outer circumferential region of the blade carrier which are arranged in a pair and are spaced radially further inwards, the compressed connecting webs not projecting beyond the end face of the blade carrier which faces away from the blade. The correct choice of the arrangements of the recesses lying radially further inward saves any reworking and also allows an impeller manufactured according to the manufacturing method according to the invention to be arranged in the flow device with the smallest possible gap.

Insbesondere im Rahmen eines automatisierten Herstell-Verfahrens mit einem integrierten Schweißverfahren wird zur Erzielung einer einwandfreien Schweißverbindung bei beschädigungsfreier Einwirkung eines Teiles einer Schweißvorrichtung desweiteren vorgeschlagen, daß die Schaufeln mit Gegenhalter-Einrichtung in den freien Endbereichen mit radial gerichteten Anlagekanten ausgebildet werden. Diese Anlagekanten können radial gerichtete Begrenzungen der Schaufeln sein oder in zusätzlichen Ausnehmungen an den Saugkanten der Schaufeln ausgebildet sein.Particularly in the context of an automated manufacturing process with an integrated welding process, it is further proposed to achieve a flawless welded joint in the event of damage-free action of part of a welding device that the blades with a counter-holding device are formed in the free end regions with radially directed contact edges. These contact edges can be radially directed boundaries of the blades or be formed in additional recesses on the suction edges of the blades.

Der Verfahrensanspruch 1 zur erfindungsgemäßen Herstellung einer radial durchströmten Förder- und/oder Leiteinrichtung gilt sowohl für einen scheibenförmigen und damit ebenen Schaufelträger als auch für einen räumlich, insbesondere kegel- oder kugelabschnitt-förmig gestalteten Schaufelträger. In Verbindung mit einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung kann somit ein den Erfordernissen voll entsprechend gestaltetes offenes Radial-Laufrad einer Strömungsmaschine vorteilhaft günstig hergestellt werden durch Verbinden des Schaufelträgers mit einem Nabenteil eines Radial-Laufrades. Eine vorteilhaft einfache Herstellung eines offenen Radial-Laufrades bei geringstem zusätzlichen Materialaufwand ist weiter dadurch erreicht, daß Schaufelträger und Nabenteil des Laufrades, insbesondere einer Strömungsarbeitsmaschine, einstückig aus Blech geformt werden. Im übrigen ist das erfindungsgemäße Herstellverfahren nicht auf einflutige Radial-Laufräder beschränkt. Wie ein weiterer Vorschlag beschreibt, können die Schaufeln zur Erzielung eines zweiflutigen Radial-Laufrades wechselseitig am Schaufelträger angeordnet werden.The method claim 1 for the production of a radially flowed conveying and / or guiding device according to the invention applies both to a disk-shaped and thus planar blade carrier as well as to a spatially, in particular conical or spherical section-shaped blade carrier. In conjunction with a further proposal of the invention, a Open radial impeller of a turbomachine, which is designed in accordance with requirements, can advantageously be produced inexpensively by connecting the blade carrier to a hub part of a radial impeller. An advantageously simple manufacture of an open radial impeller with the least additional material expenditure is further achieved in that the blade carrier and hub part of the impeller, in particular a fluid-flow machine, are formed in one piece from sheet metal. Otherwise, the manufacturing method according to the invention is not limited to single-flow radial impellers. As another proposal describes, the blades can be arranged alternately on the blade carrier in order to achieve a double-flow radial impeller.

Nach einem anderen Vorschlag der Erfindung bietet sich schließlich das Verfahren zur Herstellung eines lediglich aus zwei Blechformteilen gebildeten, geschlossenen Radial-Laufrades vorteilhaft an. Hierbei bildet der Schaufelträger mit seinen Schaufeln eines der Blechformteile, während eine mit einem angeformten Nabenteil verbundene Scheibe das zweite Blechformteil bildet. Bei der Kombination der beiden vorgenannten Blechformteile zu einem einflutigen, geschlossenen Radial-Laufrad kann das erfindungsgemäße Herstellverfahren hinsichtlich geringen Herstellaufwandes dahingehend genutzt werden, daß die Schaufeln ausschließlich mit der Nabenteil-Scheibe verschweißt werden, während die Schaufeln mit dem als Abdeckring des geschlossenen Radial-Laufrades dienenden Schaufelträger lediglich über die Verbindungsstege verbunden bleiben. Zur Minimierung der mechanischen Belastung dieser Verbindungsstege im kleinstmöglichen, bleibend verformten Querschnitt können die achsseitigen Endbereiche der Schaufeln von der Nabenteil-Scheibe bis zu den Verbindungsstegen als freie, im wesentlichen radial gerichtet verlaufende Saugkanten ausgeführt werden. Da somit die Schaufeln mit dem als Abdeckring dienenden Schaufelträger im wesentlichen lediglich punktförmig verbunden sind, ergeben sich in den punktförmigen Verbindungen der durch Biegen und Verdrillen in den kleinstmöglichen Querschnitten bleibend verformten Verbindungsstege unwesentliche Strömungshindernisse. Schließlich kann der als Abdeckring bei einem geschlossenen Radial-Laufrad dienende Schaufelträger nach einem Teilmerkmal eines weiteren Vorschlages der Erfindung mit einem einstückig angeformten Saugmund ausgebildet werden. Hiermit können einerseits die Verluste durch Rückströmung minimiert und die axiale Einströmung günstig beeinflußt werden. Der Schaufelträger weist somit neben der wortwörtlichen Funktion und der Funktion eines Abdeckringes zusätzlich die Funktion eines Trägers für den Saugmund eines geschlossenen Radial-Laufrades auf.According to another proposal of the invention, the method for producing a closed radial impeller formed from only two sheet metal parts is advantageous. Here, the blade carrier with its blades forms one of the sheet metal parts, while a disk connected to a molded hub part forms the second sheet metal part. When combining the two aforementioned sheet metal parts to form a single-flow, closed radial impeller, the manufacturing method according to the invention can be used with regard to low manufacturing costs in that the blades are welded exclusively to the hub part disk, while the blades are welded to the cover ring of the closed radial impeller serving blade carrier only remain connected via the connecting webs. In order to minimize the mechanical load on these connecting webs in the smallest possible, permanently deformed cross section, the axially end regions of the blades from the hub part disk to the connecting webs can be used as free, essentially radially directed suction edges are executed. Since the blades are thus connected to the blade carrier serving as a cover ring essentially only in a punctiform manner, the punctiform connections of the connecting webs which are permanently deformed by bending and twisting in the smallest possible cross sections result in insignificant flow obstacles. Finally, the blade carrier serving as a cover ring in the case of a closed radial impeller can be designed with an integrally molded suction mouth according to a partial feature of a further proposal of the invention. On the one hand, this allows losses through backflow to be minimized and the axial inflow to be influenced favorably. In addition to the literal function and the function of a cover ring, the blade carrier thus also has the function of a carrier for the suction mouth of a closed radial impeller.

Zur einwandfreien und sicheren materialschlüssigen Verbindung der an einem Schaufelträger angeordneten Schaufeln mit einer an einem Nabenteil angeordneten Scheibe zur Bildung eines geschlossenen Radial-Laufrades wird in konkreter Ausgestaltung eines weiter vorne allgemein beschriebenen Vorschlages angeregt, in achsnahen Saugkanten-Bereich der Schaufeln Ausschnitte mit radial gerichteten Anlagekanten auszubilden, die der Anlage von Gegenhalter-Einrichtungen, insbesondere einer Schweißelektrode dienen.For a perfect and secure material connection of the blades arranged on a blade carrier with a disc arranged on a hub part to form a closed radial impeller, in a specific embodiment of a proposal generally described further above, cutouts with radially directed contact edges are suggested in the suction edge region of the blades near the axis to train who serve the installation of counter-holding devices, in particular a welding electrode.

Schließlich ist das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, wie weiter vorne bereits für ein zweiflutiges, offenes Radial-Laufrad beschrieben, auch zur Herstellung eines zweiflutigen, geschlossenen Radial-Laufrades geeignet.Finally, the method according to the invention, as already described above for a double-flow, open radial impeller, is also suitable for producing a double-flow, closed radial impeller.

Ein nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestelltes Radial-Laufrad wir vorzugsweise als Kühlmittelpumpenrad, insbesondere Wasserpumpenrad für Brennkraftmaschinen verwendet. Gegenüber den bekannten, entweder im Kunststoffspritzgußverfahren oder im Metallgußverfahren hergestellten Wasserpumpenrädern mit relativ dicken Schaufeln und relativ rauhen Oberflächen lassen sich bei dem erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Wasserpumpenrad alle im Wasserstrom befindlichen Teile bei ausreichender Festigkeit sehr dünnwandig ausbilden. Damit ergibt sich ein optimal nutzbarer Förderquerschnitt des Wasserpumpenrades bei gleichzeitig verringerten Strömungsverlusten durch glatte Oberflächen der Blechteile. Der somit vorteilhaft erhöhte Wirkungsgrad kann bei einer Neuauslegung eines Radial-Laufrades als Wasserpumpenrad zur Reduzierung seiner Bauabmessungen und damit verbunden zur günstigen Plazierung der Strömungseinrichtung an der Brennkraftmaschine dienen. Vorzugsweise wird das Wasserpumpenrad aus einem nicht rostenden Stahlblech gefertigt.A radial impeller produced by the method according to the invention is preferably used as a coolant pump wheel, in particular a water pump wheel for internal combustion engines. Compared to the known water pump wheels with relatively thick blades and relatively rough surfaces, which are produced either in the plastic injection molding process or in the metal casting process, in the water pump wheel produced according to the invention all parts in the water flow can be made very thin-walled with sufficient strength. This results in an optimally usable delivery cross-section of the water pump wheel with simultaneously reduced flow losses due to smooth surfaces of the sheet metal parts. The thus advantageously increased efficiency can serve in a redesign of a radial impeller as a water pump impeller to reduce its structural dimensions and, in conjunction therewith, for the favorable placement of the flow device on the internal combustion engine. The water pump wheel is preferably made of a stainless steel sheet.

Schließlich ist ein weiterer Vorschlag der Erfindung auf Radiallaufräder von Strömungsmaschinen gerichtet, deren Schaufeln bei kleinem gegenseitigen Winkelabstand relativ lange radiale Erstreckungen aufweisen. Um eine große Anzahl Schaufeln als über die Verbindungsstege einstückig mit dem Schaufelträger verbundene Ausstanzungen ausbilden zu können, werden die Ausstanzungen mit in radialer Richtung festgelegten Radialerstreckungen der Schaufeln gebildet. Damit beim Positionieren der Schaufeln vor einer Stirnseite des Schaufelträgers sowohl die mechanische Belastung der Verbindungsstege als auch die Anzahl der Verschwenkungen minimiert wird, werden die Schaufeln um durch die Verbindungsstege verlaufende radiale Achsen zum Schaufelträger jeweils derart quer gestellt, daß die Schaufeln anschließend über die Verbindungsstege vor die gewünschte Stirnseite des Schaufelträgers geklappt werden können. Dieser Vorschlag ist für offene und geschlossene Radiallaufräder gleichermaßen geeignet, ferner zusätzlich für ein-und zweiflutige Radausführungen. Bei größeren Winkelabständen der Schaufeln können zur Materialersparnis die radialen Schaufelerstreckungen durch mit ihren Haupterstreckungen etwa in Umfangsrichtung des Schaufelträgers angeordneten Ausstanzungen für die Schaufeln erzielt werden.Finally, a further proposal of the invention is directed to radial impellers of turbomachines, the blades of which have a relatively long radial extent at a small mutual angular distance. In order to be able to form a large number of blades as punched-outs which are integrally connected to the blade carrier via the connecting webs, the punched-out portions are formed with radial extensions of the blades fixed in the radial direction. So that when positioning the blades in front of an end face of the blade carrier, both the mechanical load on the connecting webs and the number of swivels are minimized, the blades are placed transversely to the blade carrier around radial axes running through the connecting webs in such a way that the blades subsequently join can be folded over the connecting webs in front of the desired end face of the blade carrier. This proposal is equally suitable for open and closed radial impellers, and also for single and double-flow wheel designs. In the case of larger angular spacings of the blades, the radial blade extensions can be achieved by punching out the blades with their main extensions arranged approximately in the circumferential direction of the blade carrier.

Die vorstehenden Ausführungen gelten im Rahmen der Erfindung sinngemäß auch für ein radial durchströmtes Leitrad.In the context of the invention, the above statements also apply analogously to a radially flowed stator.

Die Erfindung ist anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
ein ebenes Ausgangsblech,
Fig. 2
das Blechstück gemäß Fig. 1 mit ausgestanzter zentrischer Öffnung,
Fig. 3
das Blechstück nach Fig. 2 mit ausgestanztem Abdeckring und Schaufeln,
Fig. 4
das Blechstück gemäß Fig. 3 mit zentrischer Umbördelung und teilweise umgeformten Schaufeln,
Fig. 5
den Abdeckring gemäß Fig. 4 mit in axialer Richtung und teilweise radial einwärts umgebogenen Schaufeln,
Fig. 6
eine Draufsicht auf den Abdeckring mit Schaufeln gemäß Fig. 5,
Fig. 7
eine Scheibe mit Nabe in Seitenansicht,
Fig. 8
die Scheibe gemäß Fig. 7 in Draufsicht,
Fig. 9
ein fertiges geschlossenes Radiallaufrad als Wasserpumpenrad gemäß der Erfindung mit zur deutlichen Darstellung teilweise fortgelassenen Schaufeln in Seitenansicht,
Fig. 10
das geschlossene Wasserpumpenrad in Draufsicht,
Fig. 11
eine abgeänderte Ausführungsform eines Abdeckringes mit Saugmund und Schaufeln für ein geschlossenes Radiallaufrad ähnlich Fig. 5,
Fig. 12 und 13
für ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines offenen Radiallaufrades eine Nabe mit ausgeformter Scheibe und einstückig angeordneten Schaufeln aus einem Blechstück,
Fig. 14
das offene Radiallaufrad in Seitenansicht mit teilweise fortgelassenen Schaufeln,
Fig. 15
das fertige, offene Radiallaufrad in Draufsicht,
Fig. 16 und 17
ein mit einem Radiallaufrad kombinierbares, radial durchströmtes Leitrad mit einem Schaufelträger mit erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten und angeordneten Schaufeln,
Fig. 18
das Leitrad in geschlossener Ausführung in Seitenansicht, und in
Fig. 19 und 20
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Radiallaufrades mit Schaufeln in kleinem gegenseitigen Winkelabstand und relativ langen radialen Erstreckungen.
The invention is described with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
a flat exit sheet,
Fig. 2
1 with punched out central opening,
Fig. 3
2 with stamped cover ring and blades,
Fig. 4
3 with central flanging and partially formed blades,
Fig. 5
4 with blades bent in the axial direction and partially radially inwards,
Fig. 6
5 shows a top view of the cover ring with blades according to FIG. 5,
Fig. 7
a disk with hub in side view,
Fig. 8
7 in top view,
Fig. 9
a finished closed radial impeller as a water pump wheel according to the invention with blades partially omitted for clear illustration in side view,
Fig. 10
the closed water pump wheel in top view,
Fig. 11
5 shows a modified embodiment of a cover ring with a suction mouth and blades for a closed radial impeller similar to FIG. 5,
12 and 13
for an exemplary embodiment of an open radial impeller, a hub with a molded disk and blades arranged in one piece from a piece of sheet metal,
Fig. 14
the open radial impeller in side view with partially omitted blades,
Fig. 15
the finished, open radial impeller in top view,
16 and 17
a radial flow through which a stator can be combined with a radial impeller with a blade carrier with blades designed and arranged according to the invention,
Fig. 18
the idler in a closed version in side view, and in
19 and 20
a further embodiment of a radial impeller with blades in a small mutual angular distance and relatively long radial extents.

In ein quadratisches Ausgangsblechstück 1, Fig. 1, wird zunächst eine zentrische, kreisförmige Öffnung 2 gestanzt (Fig. 2). Im weiteren Verfahrensschritt wird ein Abdeckring 3 mit im wesentlichen dreieckförmigen Schaufeln 4 ausgestanzt, wobei jede Schaufel 4 mit dem Abdeckring 3 über einen Verbindungssteg 5 verbunden ist (Fig. 3).First, a central, circular opening 2 is punched into a square piece of sheet metal 1, FIG. 1 (FIG. 2). In the further process step, a cover ring 3 is punched out with essentially triangular blades 4, each blade 4 being connected to the cover ring 3 via a connecting web 5 (FIG. 3).

Anschließend erfolgt dann am Innenumfang der mittigen Öffnung eine axiale Umformung bzw. Umbördelung zu einem Saugmund 6 sowie eine bogenförmige Gestaltung der Schaufeln 4, wie Fig. 4 zeigt. In einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt werden dann die Schaufeln 4 rechtwinkelig und dann teilweise radial einwärts umgebogen, wie Fig. 5 im Schnitt und Fig. 6 in Draufsicht zeigen.This is then followed by an axial shaping or flanging on the inner circumference of the central opening to form a suction mouth 6 and an arcuate configuration of the blades 4, as shown in FIG. 4. In a further method step, the blades 4 are then bent at right angles and then partially radially inward, as shown in FIG. 5 in section and FIG. 6 in plan view.

Fig. 7 und 8 zeigen eine in üblicher Weise ebenfalls aus einem ebenen Blechstück gebildete kegelstumpfförmige Scheibe 7 mit daran angeformter Nabe 8, wobei im Randbereich der Scheibe 7 und auf einem sich entsprechend den einwärts gebogenen Enden der Schaufeln 4 erstreckenden Kreis Buckel 9 in gleichen Winkelabständen derart ausgebildet sind, daß Endbereiche 10 und 11 der Schaufeln 4 in der Stellung gemäß den Fig. 5 und 6 dem Buckel 9 gegenüber zu liegen kommen, wenn der Abdeckring 3 und die Scheibe 7 in axialer Richtung zur Anlage miteinander gebracht werden. Anschließend erfolgt dann in dieser Stellung ein Buckel-Preßschweißen, womit das Wasserpumpenrad als geschlossenes Radiallaufrad 14 im fertigen Zustand ist, wie dies die Fig. 9 und 10 zeigen.7 and 8 show a truncated cone-shaped disk 7 likewise formed from a flat piece of sheet metal with a hub 8 integrally formed thereon, with bulges 9 at equal angular intervals in the edge region of the disk 7 and on a circle 9 corresponding to the inwardly bent ends of the blades 4 are designed such that end regions 10 and 11 of the blades 4 in the position according to FIGS. 5 and 6 come to lie opposite the hump 9 when the cover ring 3 and the disk 7 are brought into contact with one another in the axial direction. Then, in this position, a hump pressure welding is carried out, whereby the water pump impeller as a closed radial impeller 14 is in the finished state, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.

Wie Fig. 11 zeigt, können in Schaufeln 4a auf der nabenscheibenabgewandten Seite in den freien Endbereichen 11a Ausschnitte 12 mit radial gerichteten Kanten 13 ausgebildet sein, derart, daß die in diesen freien Endbereichen 11a von der nabenscheibenabgewandten Seite angesetzten Schweißwerkzeuge die Schaufeln 4a kräftig gegen die gegenüberliegenden Buckel an der Naben-Scheibe 7a anpressen können, d.h. ohne daß die Gefahr des Abgleitens an den schräg verlaufenden Kanten der Schaufeln 4a des befreffenden Abdeckringes 3a mit Umbördelung 6a besteht.As shown in FIG. 11, cutouts 12 with radially directed edges 13 can be formed in blades 4a on the side facing away from the hub disc in the free end regions 11a, such that the welding tools applied in these free end regions 11a from the side facing away from the hub disc force the blades 4a against the can press opposing hump on the hub disc 7a, ie without the risk of slipping on the inclined edges of the blades 4a of the liberating cover ring 3a with flange 6a.

Natürlich ist das beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel in vielfacher Weise abzuändern, ohne den Grundgedanken der Erfindung zu verlassen. So können einzelne der vorbeschriebenen hintereinander ablaufenden Verfahrensschritte auch in anderer zeitlicher Reihenfolge ablaufen (z.B. der Schritt gemäß Fig. 2 nach dem Schritt gemäß Fig. 3), oder auch mehrere Schritte gemeinsam durchgeführt werden (z.B. die Schritte gemäß den Fig. 2 und 3). Außerdem können, wie eingangs dargelegt, auch andere Verbindungsmethoden als die dargestellte Buckel-Preßschweißmethode zum Verbinden von Abdeckring mit Schaufeln und Scheibe mit Nabe Anwendung finden.Of course, the exemplary embodiment described can be modified in many ways without departing from the basic idea of the invention. Thus, some of the above-described process steps running in succession can also take place in a different chronological order (for example the step in accordance with FIG. 2 after the step in accordance with FIG. 3), or several steps may be carried out together (for example the steps in accordance with FIGS. 2 and 3). . In addition, as stated at the outset, other connection methods than the hump pressure welding method shown can also be used to connect the cover ring to the blades and the disk to the hub.

Für ein offenes Radiallaufrad 16 nach den Fig. 14 und 15 wird aus einem Blechstück ähnlich den Fig. 1 und 2 eine Naben-Scheibe 17 mit angeformter Nabe 18 gebildet, wobei am Außenumfang der Naben-Scheibe 17 Schaufeln 19 ausgestanzt sind. Die über Verbindungsstege 20 mit der Scheibe 17 einstückig verbundenen Schaufeln 19 weisen als Ausstanzungen mit ihrer größten radialen Erstreckung im wesentlichen in Umfangsrichtung zur Scheibe 17. Diese materialsparende Anordnung der Ausstanzungen für die Schaufeln 19 ist bei relativ großem Winkelabstand der Schaufeln 19 vorteilhaft. Nach einer bogenförmigen Gestaltung der Schaufeln 19 erfolgt in einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt ein rechtwinkeliges Abbiegen der Schaufeln, dem sich ein teilweises radial einwärts gerichtetes Umbiegen anschließt. Sind die Schaufeln 19, wie vorgeschrieben, vor der Stirnseite 21 der Naben-Scheibe 17 positioniert, werden die Schaufeln 19 mit Buckeln 22 der Scheibe 17 verschweißt.For an open radial impeller 16 according to FIGS. 14 and 15, a hub disk 17 with a molded hub 18 is formed from a piece of sheet metal similar to FIGS. 1 and 2, with blades 19 being punched out on the outer circumference of the hub disk 17. The blades 19, which are integrally connected to the disc 17 via connecting webs 20, have cutouts with their greatest radial extent, essentially in the circumferential direction of the disc 17. This material-saving arrangement of the cutouts for the blades 19 is advantageous with a relatively large angular distance between the blades 19. After an arch In a further method step, the blades 19 are designed to bend the blades at right angles, which is followed by a partially radially inward bending. If, as prescribed, the blades 19 are positioned in front of the end face 21 of the hub disk 17, the blades 19 are welded to bosses 22 of the disk 17.

Die Fig. 18 zeigt ein geschlossenes Leitrad 23, das als eine Leiteinrichtung einem der in den Fig. 10 oder 15 dargestellten Radiallaufräder 14 oder 16 abströmseitig zugeordnet werden kann. Das Leitrad 23 umfaßt einen aus einem Blechstück geformten, ringförmigen Schaufelträger 24 mit durch Stanzen am äußeren Umfang angeordneten Schaufeln 25. Die geraden Schaufeln 25 werden durch Biegen und Verdrillen der Verbindungsstege 26 in radialer Richtung verlaufend angeordnet. Über die Schaufeln 25 wird ein mit dem Schaufelträger 24 formgleicher Umfangsring 27 mit dem Schaufelträger 24 zu dem Leitrad 23 fest verbunden.FIG. 18 shows a closed stator 23 which can be assigned as a guide device to one of the radial impellers 14 or 16 shown in FIGS. 10 or 15 on the outflow side. The stator 23 comprises an annular blade carrier 24 formed from a piece of sheet metal and having blades 25 arranged by punching on the outer circumference. The straight blades 25 are arranged in a radial direction by bending and twisting the connecting webs 26. Via the blades 25, a circumferential ring 27 of the same shape as the blade carrier 24 is fixedly connected to the blade carrier 24 to form the stator 23.

Ein zweiflutiges Radiallaufrad 28, welches vorzugsweise als Lüfterrad dient, ist in Fig. 20 dargestellt und weist beiderseits eines ebenen Schaufelträgers 29 angeordnete Schaufeln 30 und 30′ auf. Der Schaufelträger 29 ist einschließlich aller Schaufeln 30 und 30′ aus einem ebenen Blechstück gestanzt, wobei die vorgenannten Schaufeln über Verbindungsstege 31 einstückig am Schaufelträger 29 angeordnet sind. Durch die große Anzahl an Schaufeln 30, 30′ und deren relativ langen radialen Erstreckungen sind die die Schaufeln bildenden Ausstanzungen so angeordnet, daß über ihre radialen Abmessungen die Radialerstreckungen der Schaufeln 30, 30′ erzielt werden. Anschließend werden die Schaufeln 30 um durch die Verbindungsstege 31 verlaufende radiale Achsen 32 zum Schaufelträger 29 jeweils gemäß Pfeil A derart quer gestellt, daß die Schaufeln 30 anschließend über die Verbindungsstege 31 vor die Stirnseite 33 des Schaufelträgers 29 gemäß Pfeil B geklappt werden können. Hierauf werden die Schaufeln 30′ um durch die Verbindungsstege 31 verlaufende radiale Achsen 34 zum Schaufelträger 29 jeweils derart gemäß Pfeil C quer gestellt, daß die Schaufeln 30′ anschließend über die Verbindungsstege 31 vor die Stirnseite 35 des Schaufelträgers 29 geklappt werden können. Abschließend werden sämtliche Schaufeln 30, 30′ mit dem Schaufelträger 29 fest verbunden.A double-flow radial impeller 28, which preferably serves as a fan wheel, is shown in Fig. 20 and has on both sides of a flat blade carrier 29 arranged blades 30 and 30 '. The blade carrier 29 including all blades 30 and 30 'is punched from a flat piece of sheet metal, the aforementioned blades being arranged in one piece on the blade carrier 29 via connecting webs 31. Due to the large number of blades 30, 30 'and their relatively long radial extensions, the punched-out holes forming the blades are arranged so that the radial dimensions of the blades 30, 30' are achieved via their radial dimensions. Subsequently, the blades 30 are transverse to the blade carrier 29 in each case according to arrow A about radial axes 32 running through the connecting webs 31 provided that the blades 30 can then be folded over the connecting webs 31 in front of the end face 33 of the blade carrier 29 according to arrow B. Then the blades 30 'through the connecting webs 31 extending radial axes 34 to the blade carrier 29 each in such a way according to arrow C that the blades 30' can then be folded over the connecting webs 31 in front of the end face 35 of the blade carrier 29. Finally, all blades 30, 30 'are firmly connected to the blade carrier 29.

Claims (23)

  1. A method for the production of pumping- and/or guide means for fluid flow machines,
    - in which the pumping- and/or guide means are produced with blades arranged on the outer circumference of an annular or disc-shaped part via radial connecting cross-pieces, and
    - the part serving as a blade carrier and the blades are produced from one metal sheet and,
    - in addition, for the functional positioning of the blades relative to the blade carrier, the connecting cross-pieces are permanently deformed,
    characterised in that
    - the connecting cross-pieces in each case are arranged on the blade carrier with a smallest possible cross-section, and
    - that the blades through successive different or three-dimensional orientation respectively by means of bending and twisting the connecting cross-pieces in their smallest possible cross-sections are arranged in positions axially adjacent to the blade carrier for the formation of a pumping-and/or guide means which has fluid flowing radially therethrough.
  2. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that-the blade carrier is constructed in the outer circumferential region with recesses which are arranged so as to be spaced apart in pairs, and
    - the reciprocal spacing thereof establishes a minimum possible width of the connecting cross-piece relative to the thickness of the metal sheet.
  3. A method according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the blades are constructed so as to be curved.
  4. A method according to claims 1 - 3, characterised in that the blades are provided with corrugations.
  5. A method according to claims 1 - 4, characterised in that the blades are fixed in the free end regions.
  6. A method according to claim 5, characterised in that the blades are fixed by material closure (welding, soldering).
  7. A method according to claim 6, characterised in that the blades are fixed by laser welding or projection pressure welding.
  8. A method according to claim 7, characterised in that the blades are constructed with radially-directed fitting edges for welding with counter holder arrangements (counter-electrode in projection pressure welding) in the free end regions.
  9. A method according to claim 5, characterised in that the blades are fixed by positive locking (plug connections).
  10. A method according to one or more of claims 1 - 9, characterised in that the blade carrier is connected with a hub part of a radial impeller.
  11. A method according to claim 10, characterised in that the blade carrier and hub part of the impeller are formed in one piece from sheet metal (Fig. 12 - 15).
  12. A method according to one or more of claims 1 - 9, characterised in that the blade carrier is connected via the blades with a disc on a hub part of a radial impeller (Fig. 1 - 11).
  13. A method according to one or more of claims 1 - 11, characterised in that
    - with a small reciprocal angular distance and relatively long radial extents of the blades, their radial extents are reached in radially-directed punched-out pieces, and
    - the blades are set about radial axes running through the connecting cross-pieces transversely to the blade carrier in each case such that
    - the blades can then be folded over the connecting cross-pieces in front of an end face of the blade carrier (Fig. 19).
  14. A method according to claim 13, characterised in that the blades are arranged alternately on the blade carrier (Fig. 20).
  15. A method for the production of a radial impeller with a hub and, adjoining thereto, a disc substantially bent at right-angles to the hub, and with a cover ring lying opposite thereto, in which blades are constructed between the disc and the cover ring,
    characterised in that
    in a flat metal sheet, a central opening is punched and, from the surrounding annular region of sheet metal, the blades are punched in one piece so as to leave connecting cross-pieces of, in each case, the smallest possible cross-section, and then the blades are formed and bent around the connecting cross-pieces with the annular region of sheet metal forming the cover ring serving as a blade carrier firstly at right-angles in the direction of the hub disc, and are then bent partially radially inwards, and an axial deformation is carried out on the inner circumference of the central opening of the cover ring or of the blade carrier respectively and then the end regions of the blades are connected with the disc.
  16. A radial impeller produced according to one or more of claims 1 - 12, in particular for fluid flow work machines, with a hub part (8) and a disc (7) connected so as to be fast with respect to rotation, and with a cover ring (3,3a) axially at a distance and delimiting a suction mouth (6,6a) , and with blades (4, 4a) arranged therebetween,
    characterised in that
    - the cover ring (3,3a) with the suction mouth (6,6a) and with the blades (4,4a) comprises a piece of sheet metal (1) in one piece, formed by punching-out, forming and bending/twisting,
    - the disc (7) with hub part (8) is likewise formed from one piece of sheet metal, and
    - the two parts of sheet metal are connected with each other via free, radially-directed end regions (10,11) of the blades (4,4a).
  17. A radial impeller produced according to Claim 16, characterised in that the blades (4,4a) have suction edges (15) running freely from the hub part disc (7) to the respective connecting cross-pieces of the axially opposite cover ring (3,3a) or of the blade carrier respectively.
  18. A radial impeller produced according to claim 17, characterised in that cut-outs (12) with radially directed fitting edges (13) are formed in suction edge regions of the blades (4a) close to the axis.
  19. A radial impeller produced according to one or more of claims 1 - 18, characterised by its use as a coolant pump impeller (14) for internal-combustion engines.
  20. A radial impeller produced according to one or more of claims 1 - 19, characterised by the use of a stainless steel for the impeller parts.
  21. A radial impeller produced according to one or more of claims 1 - 19 or 20, characterised by a protective layer which is resistant to aggressive media.
  22. A radial impeller produced according to claim 13, characterised in that it is a double-flow impeller (28), in particular a fan wheel (Figs. 19 - 20).
  23. A guide means produced according to one or more of claims 1 - 9,
    - which is associated with a radial impeller on the outflow side and comprises an annular blade carrier (24) and an axially spaced circumferential ring,
    characterised in that
    - the blade carrier (24) with the blades (25) comprises a piece of sheet metal in one piece, formed by punching out, forming and bending/twisting, and
    - the blade carrier (24) and circumferential ring (27) are connected with each other via the blades (25) (Figs. 16 - 18).
EP19880116214 1987-09-30 1988-09-30 Production method of pumping and/or guiding means for fluid machines and radial impeller manufactured thereby, in particular coolant impeller for combustion engines Expired - Lifetime EP0310121B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3732976 1987-09-30
DE3732976 1987-09-30
DE19883814186 DE3814186A1 (en) 1988-04-27 1988-04-27 Method for the production of delivery and/or guiding devices for hydrodynamic machines and a radial rotor, especially a coolant pump impeller for internal combustion engines, produced by this method
DE3814186 1988-04-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0310121A2 EP0310121A2 (en) 1989-04-05
EP0310121A3 EP0310121A3 (en) 1990-01-31
EP0310121B1 true EP0310121B1 (en) 1992-06-17

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ID=25860326

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EP19880116214 Expired - Lifetime EP0310121B1 (en) 1987-09-30 1988-09-30 Production method of pumping and/or guiding means for fluid machines and radial impeller manufactured thereby, in particular coolant impeller for combustion engines

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EP (1) EP0310121B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3872139D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4008216A1 (en) * 1990-03-15 1991-09-19 Grundfos Int Mfg. radial blade ring impellers, etc. - forms comb-shaped blank from flat metal and bends tines to form blades
DE4101868A1 (en) * 1991-01-23 1992-07-30 Hilge Philipp Gmbh IMPELLER FOR CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
DE4330098A1 (en) * 1993-09-06 1995-03-09 Klein Schanzlin & Becker Ag Guide device designed as a molded sheet metal part
FR2743952B1 (en) * 1996-01-19 2004-01-02 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur FAN FOR AN ALTERNATOR, ESPECIALLY A MOTOR VEHICLE, AND ALTERNATOR INCORPORATING THE SAME
EP0899463A1 (en) 1997-08-26 1999-03-03 Pollmann Austria OHG Vaned impeller
DE19746850A1 (en) * 1997-10-23 1999-04-29 Wilo Gmbh Impeller made of sheet metal
DE10346058A1 (en) * 2003-10-04 2005-04-21 Ksb Ag Centrifugal pump idler
JP6115150B2 (en) * 2013-01-24 2017-04-19 アイシン精機株式会社 Impeller for fluid pump and manufacturing method thereof

Citations (1)

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US2802615A (en) * 1953-01-02 1957-08-13 Waldorf Paper Prod Co Can cartons

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE368563C (en) * 1923-02-06 Adolf Gustav Von Loewe Dipl In Blade ring, stamped and pressed from a piece of sheet metal, for impellers and guide wheels of turbines and turbo blowers
US2117011A (en) * 1935-02-27 1938-05-10 Ward E Pratt Centrifugal pump
US2662686A (en) * 1952-04-18 1953-12-15 Edmund E Hans Fan wheel
DE3726522A1 (en) * 1987-08-10 1989-02-23 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag FAN WHEEL MADE FROM A METAL SHEET AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2802615A (en) * 1953-01-02 1957-08-13 Waldorf Paper Prod Co Can cartons

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EP0310121A3 (en) 1990-01-31
DE3872139D1 (en) 1992-07-23
EP0310121A2 (en) 1989-04-05

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