EP0307657B1 - Motor vehicle headlight - Google Patents

Motor vehicle headlight Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0307657B1
EP0307657B1 EP88113557A EP88113557A EP0307657B1 EP 0307657 B1 EP0307657 B1 EP 0307657B1 EP 88113557 A EP88113557 A EP 88113557A EP 88113557 A EP88113557 A EP 88113557A EP 0307657 B1 EP0307657 B1 EP 0307657B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
segment
reflector
central axis
paraboloid
horizontal
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP88113557A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0307657A2 (en
EP0307657A3 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Lindae
Rainer Dr. Dipl.-Phys. Neumann
Peter Perthus
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP0307657A3 publication Critical patent/EP0307657A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/33—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature
    • F21S41/334—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector consisting of patch like sectors
    • F21S41/335—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector consisting of patch like sectors with continuity at the junction between adjacent areas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/162—Incandescent light sources, e.g. filament or halogen lamps
    • F21S41/164—Incandescent light sources, e.g. filament or halogen lamps having two or more filaments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a low-beam headlamp for motor vehicles for generating an asymmetrical light distribution according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a motor vehicle headlight is known from DE-A-3 531 223.
  • This headlight is used to generate an asymmetrical light distribution and has a reflector in which a lamp is arranged with a luminous element extending transversely to the optical axis of the reflector.
  • the reflection surface of the reflector is formed from six segments with different geometrical shapes, in which there are different conic section curves in the axial longitudinal sections containing the optical axis.
  • a segment in the form of a paraboloid is arranged above a horizontal central axis of the reflector and a segment in the form of this paraboloid is also arranged below the horizontal central axis of the reflector.
  • These two segments adjoin on one side to further segments which are parts of another paraboloid, the paraboloids forming the segments having different focal lengths.
  • the light reflected from the segments in the form of the paraboloid contributes to the core of the light distribution generated by the reflector.
  • the segments formed by the paraboloids of different focal lengths all have essentially the same focal point in this reflector, since the reflector is homofocal, but because of the different focal lengths, these segments cannot have a common apex and cannot merge seamlessly into one another. For this reason, it is not possible to manufacture the reflector from sheet metal.
  • a low beam headlight for motor vehicles which has a reflector which consists of three segments in the form of ellipsoids, with a central segment and two lateral segments which continuously merge into one another.
  • the shape of the segments is modified in a numerical process so that light is reflected from the segments to produce a specific light distribution.
  • a low beam headlight for motor vehicles which has a reflector which consists of several segments which merge into one another in a stepless manner.
  • the segments have different geometrical shapes and in the axial longitudinal sections containing the optical axis, this results in different conic section curves.
  • a horizontal scattering of the light is achieved without disturbing vertical scattering.
  • this reflector cannot produce an asymmetrical light distribution.
  • DE-A-3 527 391 discloses a fog headlight for motor vehicles, which has a reflector which consists of two segments with mutually different geometrical shapes.
  • a segment arranged below a horizontal central axis of the reflector is in the form of a paraboloid of revolution and a segment arranged above the horizontal central axis is in the form of a parellipsoid.
  • a parabola results in the horizontal axial longitudinal section, which is identical to the parabola resulting in the horizontal axial longitudinal section through the lower segment in the form of the paraboloid, so that the two segments merge into one another in a stepless manner.
  • In the vertical axial longitudinal section through the parellipsoid of the upper segment there is an ellipse.
  • the reflector produces a horizontally scattered symmetrical light distribution, as is required for a fog headlight.
  • the low-beam headlamp according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that its reflector can also be easily made from sheet metal because of the stepless transition also present between the segment arranged above and below the horizontal central axis in the form of the rotating paraboloid and the general paraboloid .
  • the formation of the segment arranged below the horizontal central axis in the form of a general paraboloid results in different focal points in this in different axial longitudinal sections, as a result of which all images of the luminous element reflected by this segment are arranged below a light-dark boundary.
  • FIG. 1 shows the rear side of a rectangular reflector, a low-beam headlight for motor vehicles, in a schematic illustration.
  • Figure 2 shows a vertical section II-II in Figure 1 by a headlight with an inserted incandescent lamp.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a European light distribution of the reflector on a measuring screen.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the light distribution according to the US standard.
  • the reflector 1 shows the rear side of a low-beam headlight for motor vehicles of a rectangular reflector 1, the reflection surface of which is formed from several segments, in the present exemplary embodiment from four segments.
  • the reflector 1 has an upper boundary surface 2 and a lower boundary surface 3, both of which run essentially parallel to the horizontal axis 4 of the reflector 1 and have no optical effect.
  • a third segment 12, part of a Parellipsoids has a different focal length than the parellipsoid of the second segment 9.
  • the third segment 12 extends from the lower boundary surface 3 up to the horizontal axis 4 and extends from the right boundary surface 11 up to the vertical axis 5 of the reflector.
  • a fourth segment 15 extends from the lower boundary surface 3 of the reflector up to the 15 ° sector of the first segment going down from the horizontal axis 4 and extends from the left boundary surface 8 to the vertical axis 5 of the reflector.
  • Segment 15 is part of a general paraboloid. This is a body shape that has different parabolic focal lengths in the horizontal and vertical section and thus creates a chain of parabolic focal lengths in the axis of the reflector when changing from the horizontal to the vertical or vice versa.
  • the entire reflector presents itself as a body made up of partial bodies of the reflector segments which merge into one another in a stepless manner and has a single common apex.
  • an incandescent lamp 17 is used to generate a low beam according to the European standard (standard designation H1) or according to the US standard (standard designation 9006) (see FIG. 2).
  • This lamp has an axial filament 18, which is aligned essentially parallel or coaxial to the reflector axis 7 and has no cover cap. There is no cover cap obstructing the ventilation and light emission of the lamp, therefore a heat build-up in the area of the lamp is avoided and the life of the lamp is increased.
  • the utilization of the full reflector surface in the case of the H1 lamp brings about a considerable increase in luminous flux compared to the known low beam, which is produced with a lamp of the H4 standard provided with a cover cap. It follows that even with small dimensions of the reflector 1, a good quality low beam is generated.
  • a gas discharge lamp can also be used.
  • the low beam headlight in FIG. 2 shows a rectangular reflector 1 with a reflection surface 20, a light exit opening 21 and an apex 22. A neck 23 protrudes from the latter, on the end face of which the flange of the incandescent lamp 17 is supported in the axial direction and in the radial direction Centered direction.
  • the incandescent lamp 17 has a cylindrical incandescent filament 18, the cylinder axis of which is approximately parallel or coaxial to the reflection axis 7.
  • the cylinder axis of the incandescent filament 18 is installed vertically upward and or laterally offset with respect to the optical axis 7.
  • one or more shading webs running along the lamp can also be used.
  • segments 6 and 15 can be seen in section as reflection surface 20 in the direction of the reflected rays according to arrow 27.
  • the upper first segment 6 is a rotating paraboloid and the lower fourth segment 15 is a general paraboloid.
  • the focal point 24 of the upper first segment 6 lies in the rear, i.e. the section of the incandescent filament 18 facing the apex 22 of the reflector 1 and the vertical focal point 25 of the general paraboloid 15, which can be seen in section, lies in the front, i.e. section of the incandescent filament 18 facing the light exit opening 21 of the reflector 1.
  • the chain of parabolic focal lengths which occurs in the general paraboloid extends from the focal point 25 in the direction of the focal point 24, as indicated by arrow 28.
  • the second and third segments 9 and 12 which cannot be seen in the section in FIG. 2, are each part of a parellipsoid, a focal point 26 of the upper, second segment 9 being recognizable in section.
  • a chain of focal lengths which begins at focal point 24 and extends to focal point 26, as shown by arrow 29.
  • focal point 25 arrow 32.
  • the entirety of the focus chain follows from the reflector geometry and is determined by stepwise imaging scanning in the direction of the arrow 30 in FIG. 1.
  • the focus chain of the upper two segments lies in the area of the beginning of the spiral, close to the reflector apex and that of the lower two segments at the end of the incandescent filament 18.
  • the flipping of the filament images downward through the continuous migration of the focal lengths occurring from the beginning of the incandescent filament to the end of the filament and vice versa is achieved by the corresponding reflector geometry. This also ensures that all spiral images are arranged below the light-dark boundary.
  • the different geometries of the individual segments result in a continuous overall reflector shape that has no step between the segments.
  • the transitions of the individual geometric shapes of the segments are designed so that they have a common tangent. This makes it easier to manufacture in sheet metal or plastic, the glare effects that occur at the edges or steps of the segments are eliminated, and glare is reduced.
  • the segments forming the reflector have a common apex and the geometrical shapes of the individual segments can be enlarged or reduced to adapt the desired light distributions to one another.
  • the various segment shapes can be accommodated in a round, oval, square or polygonal headlight.
  • FIG. 3 shows, in the direction of the rays reflected by the reflector 1, a measuring screen 33 with a horizontal central plane 34 and a vertical central plane 35, which intersect at the "HV" point.
  • the first segment 6 forms the light spot 37 of the total light distribution 36.
  • the light spot 37 which begins approximately from the vertical center plane 35 and extends to the right to the outer right measuring screen side 41, forms part of the light-dark boundary with the typical 15 ° rise On the right side.
  • the second segment 9 forms the light spot 38 of the total light distribution 36 starting from the vertical central plane 35.
  • Segment 12 forms the light spot 39 and segment 15 forms the light spot 40.
  • the raw light beam consisting of the light spots 37, 38, 39, 40 falls below the prescribed light / dark limit 42. Due to the parameters of the reflection surface 20 according to the invention as the sum of the segments 6, 9, 12, 15, the raw light beam corresponds to the resulting raw light distribution, ie the light distribution without the lens already corresponds to the low beam that illuminates the road. For this reason, essentially no or only a few optical means are required on the lens of the low-beam headlight, not shown, which form the raw light beam into the low-beam light beam. It also follows that the lens can be tilted more.
  • An asymmetrical, horizontal arrangement of a reflector means that the area of the reflector which is used for the range can be enlarged and there is a greater illuminance in the distance.
  • a reflector arrangement according to Figure 4, which also consists of four segments 6 ', 50, 51 and 15' does not show a 15 ° line 45 as in Figure 3.
  • This arrangement is a reflector according to the US standard SAE, which also has different segments, each of which extends to the central axes of the reflector.
  • the second segment 50 consists of part of a general paraboloid and the third segment 51 consists of part of a rotational paraboloid.
  • the segments 50, 51 form in particular the light spot 48 and the first and fourth segments 6 ', 15' form the light spot 49.
  • the entire reflector leads to an overall light distribution 52.
  • This reflector geometry leads to an optimization of the so-called "hot spots", i.e. the range of the United States low beam.
  • hot spots i.e. the range of the United States low beam.
  • all the spiral images are concentrated on the lower right quadrant of the measuring screen 33 due to the reflector geometry.
  • the geometric arrangement of the reflector means that the maximum illuminance is just below the light-dark Limit comes to lie and thus a large range is achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Abblendlicht-Scheinwerfer für Kraftfahrzeuge zur Erzeugung einer asymmetrischen Lichtverteilung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a low-beam headlamp for motor vehicles for generating an asymmetrical light distribution according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein solcher Kraftfahrzeug-Scheinwerfer ist durch die DE-A-3 531 223 bekannt. Dieser Scheinwerfer dient zur Erzeugung einer asymmetrischen Lichtverteilung und weist einen Reflektor auf, in dem eine Lampe mit einem sich quer zur optischen Achse des Reflektors erstreckenden Leuchtkörper angeordnet ist. Die Reflektionsfläche des Reflektors ist aus sechs Segmenten mit voneinander abweichenden Geometrieformen gebildet, bei denen sich in die optische Achse enthaltenden axialen Längsschnitten unterschiedliche Kegelschnittkurven ergeben. Oberhalb einer horizontalen Mittelachse des Reflektors ist ein Segment in Form eines Paraboloids angeordnet und unterhalb der horizontalen Mittelachse des Reflektors ist ebenfalls ein Segment in Form dieses Paraboloids angeordnet. Diese beiden Segmente grenzen an an einer Seite an weitere Segmente an, die Teile eines anderen Paraboloids sind, wobei die die Segmente bildenden Paraboloide unterschiedliche Brennweiten aufweisen. Das von den Segmenten in Form der Paraboloide reflektierte Licht trägt zum Kern der vom Reflektor erzeugten Lichtverteilung bei. Die von den Paraboloiden unterschiedlicher Brennweiten gebildeten Segmente weisen bei diesem Reflektor alle im wesentlichen den gleichen Brennpunkt auf, da der Reflektor homofokal ist, wegen der unterschiedlichen Brennweiten können diese Segmente jedoch keinen gemeinsamen Scheitel besitzen und nicht stufenlos ineinander übergehen. Aus diesem Grund ist eine Herstellung des Reflektors aus Blech nicht möglich. Mit ihren anderen Seiten grenzen die von den unterschiedlichen Paraboloiden gebildeten Segmente jeweils an ein Parellipsoid an, bei dem sich im horizontalen axialen Längsschnitt eine Ellipse ergibt und im vertikalen axialen Längsschnitt eine Parabel. Der Übergang zwischen den von den unterschiedlichen Paraboloiden gebildeten Segmenten und den von den Parellipsoiden gebildeten Segmenten kann stufenlos ausgeführt werden.Such a motor vehicle headlight is known from DE-A-3 531 223. This headlight is used to generate an asymmetrical light distribution and has a reflector in which a lamp is arranged with a luminous element extending transversely to the optical axis of the reflector. The reflection surface of the reflector is formed from six segments with different geometrical shapes, in which there are different conic section curves in the axial longitudinal sections containing the optical axis. A segment in the form of a paraboloid is arranged above a horizontal central axis of the reflector and a segment in the form of this paraboloid is also arranged below the horizontal central axis of the reflector. These two segments adjoin on one side to further segments which are parts of another paraboloid, the paraboloids forming the segments having different focal lengths. The light reflected from the segments in the form of the paraboloid contributes to the core of the light distribution generated by the reflector. The segments formed by the paraboloids of different focal lengths all have essentially the same focal point in this reflector, since the reflector is homofocal, but because of the different focal lengths, these segments cannot have a common apex and cannot merge seamlessly into one another. For this reason, it is not possible to manufacture the reflector from sheet metal. With their other sides they delimit the different paraboloids formed segments each on a parellipsoid, in which there is an ellipse in the horizontal axial longitudinal section and a parabola in the vertical axial longitudinal section. The transition between the segments formed by the different paraboloids and the segments formed by the parellipsoids can be carried out continuously.

Durch die US-A-4 481 563 ist ein Abblendlicht-Scheinwerfer für Kraftfahrzeuge bekannt, der einen Reflektor aufweist, welcher aus drei Segmenten in Form von Ellipsoiden besteht, wobei ein mittleres Segment und zwei seitliche Segmente vorhanden sind, die kontinuierlich ineinander übergehen. Die Form der Segmente wird dabei in einem numerischen Prozeß modifiziert, so daß von den Segmenten Licht zur Erzeugung einer bestimmten Lichtverteilung reflektiert wird.From US-A-4 481 563 a low beam headlight for motor vehicles is known which has a reflector which consists of three segments in the form of ellipsoids, with a central segment and two lateral segments which continuously merge into one another. The shape of the segments is modified in a numerical process so that light is reflected from the segments to produce a specific light distribution.

Durch die US-A-3 492 474 ist ein Abblendlicht-Scheinwerfer für Kraftfahrzeuge bekannt, der einen Reflektor aufweist, welcher aus mehreren Segmenten besteht, der stufenlos ineinander übergehen. Die Segmente weisen dabei unterschiedliche Geometrieformen auf und in die optische Achse enthaltenden axialen Längsschnitten durch diese ergeben sich unterschiedliche Kegelschnittkurven. Es sind dabei Segmente in Form von Paraboloiden vorgesehen, insbesondere jedoch Segmente, bei denen sich im vertikalen axialen Längsschnitt eine Parabel ergibt und im horizontalen axialen Längsschnitt eine Hyperbel ergibt. Hierdurch wird eine horizontale Streuung des Lichts ohne störende vertikale Streuung erreicht. Durch diesen Reflektor kann jedoch keine asymmetrische Lichtverteilung erzeugt werden.From US-A-3 492 474 a low beam headlight for motor vehicles is known which has a reflector which consists of several segments which merge into one another in a stepless manner. The segments have different geometrical shapes and in the axial longitudinal sections containing the optical axis, this results in different conic section curves. There are segments in the form of paraboloids, but in particular segments in which a parabola results in the vertical axial longitudinal section and a hyperbola results in the horizontal axial longitudinal section. As a result, a horizontal scattering of the light is achieved without disturbing vertical scattering. However, this reflector cannot produce an asymmetrical light distribution.

Außerdem ist durch die DE-A-3 527 391 ein Nebel-Scheinwerfer für Kraftfahrzeuge bekannt, der einen Reflektor aufweist, welcher aus zwei Segmenten mit voneinander abweichenden Geometrieformen besteht. Ein unterhalb einer horizontalen Mittelachse des Reflektors angeordnetes Segment ist in Form eines Rotationsparaboloids ausgebildet und ein oberhalb der horizontalen Mittelachse angeordnetes Segment ist in Form eines Parellipsoids ausgebildet. Beim Parellipsoid ergibt sich im horizontalen axialen Längsschnitt eine Parabel, die identisch ist mit der sich im horizontalen axialen Längsschnitt durch das untere Segment in Form des Paraboloids ergebenden Parabel, so daß die beiden Segmente stufenlos ineinander übergehen. Im vertikalen axialen Längsschnitt durch das Parellipsoid des oberen Segments ergibt sich eine Ellipse. Durch den Reflektor wird mit dieser Ausbildung eine horizontal gestreute symmetrische Lichtverteilung erzeugt, wie sie für einen Nebel-Scheinwerfer erforderlich ist.In addition, DE-A-3 527 391 discloses a fog headlight for motor vehicles, which has a reflector which consists of two segments with mutually different geometrical shapes. A segment arranged below a horizontal central axis of the reflector is in the form of a paraboloid of revolution and a segment arranged above the horizontal central axis is in the form of a parellipsoid. With the parellipsoid, a parabola results in the horizontal axial longitudinal section, which is identical to the parabola resulting in the horizontal axial longitudinal section through the lower segment in the form of the paraboloid, so that the two segments merge into one another in a stepless manner. In the vertical axial longitudinal section through the parellipsoid of the upper segment there is an ellipse. With this design, the reflector produces a horizontally scattered symmetrical light distribution, as is required for a fog headlight.

Der erfindungsgemäße Abblendlicht-Scheinwerfer mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß dessen Reflektor wegen des auch zwischen dem oberhalb und dem unterhalb der horizontalen Mittelachse angeordneten Segment in Form des Rotationsparaboloids und des allgemeinen Paraboloids vorhandenen stufenlosen Übergangs einfach auch aus Blech herstellbar ist. Außerdem ergeben sich durch die Ausbildung des unterhalb der horizontalen Mittelachse angeordneten Segments in Form eines allgemeinen Paraboloids bei diesem in unterschiedlichen axialen Längsschnitten unterschiedliche Brennpunkte, wodurch erreicht wird, daß sämtliche von diesem Segment reflektierten Abbildungen des Leuchtkörpers unterhalb einer Helldunkelgrenze angeordnet sind.The low-beam headlamp according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that its reflector can also be easily made from sheet metal because of the stepless transition also present between the segment arranged above and below the horizontal central axis in the form of the rotating paraboloid and the general paraboloid . In addition, the formation of the segment arranged below the horizontal central axis in the form of a general paraboloid results in different focal points in this in different axial longitudinal sections, as a result of which all images of the luminous element reflected by this segment are arranged below a light-dark boundary.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben. Durch die Ausbildung gemäß Anspruch 4 wird vom Reflektor eine Lichtverteilung erzeugt, wie sie in europäischen ECE-Normen vorgeschrieben wird. Durch die Ausbildung gemäß Anspruch 6 wird vom Reflektor eine Lichtverteilung erzeugt, wie sie in in den USA bestehenden SAE-Normen vorgeschrieben ist. Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, die Lampe, wie im Anspruch 7 angegeben, bezüglich der optischen Achse vertikal nach oben versetzt anzuordnen, wodurch eine schärfere Ausbildung der Helldunkelgrenze auf der linken Seite der Lichtverteilung erzielt wird.Advantageous refinements and developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims. Due to the design according to claim 4, a light distribution is generated by the reflector, as prescribed in European ECE standards. Through the design according to claim 6, a light distribution is generated by the reflector, as is prescribed in existing SAE standards in the USA. Furthermore, it is advantageous to arrange the lamp vertically offset upward with respect to the optical axis, as a result of which a sharper formation of the light-dark boundary on the left side of the light distribution is achieved.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der folgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 die Rückseite eines Rechteckreflektors, eines Abblendlichtscheinwerfers für Kraftfahrzeuge in schematischer Darstellung. Figur 2 einen Vertikalschnitt II-II in Figur 1 durch einen Scheinwerfer mit eingesetzter Glühlampe mit Wendel. Figur 3 die schematische Darstellung einer europäischen Lichtverteilung des Reflektors auf einem Meßschirm. Figur 4 eine schematische Darstellung der Lichtverteilung nach der US-Norm.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. FIG. 1 shows the rear side of a rectangular reflector, a low-beam headlight for motor vehicles, in a schematic illustration. Figure 2 shows a vertical section II-II in Figure 1 by a headlight with an inserted incandescent lamp. Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a European light distribution of the reflector on a measuring screen. Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the light distribution according to the US standard.

Von einem Abblendlichtscheinwerfer für Kraftfahrzeuge zeigt Figur 1 die Rückseite eines Rechteckreflektors 1, dessen Reflektionsfläche aus mehreren, in vorliegendem Ausführungsbeispiel aus vier Segmenten gebildet ist. Der Reflektor 1 hat eine obere Begrenzungsfläche 2 und eine untere Begrenzungsfläche 3, die beide im wesentlichen parallel zur Horizontalachse 4 des Reflektors 1 verlaufen und ohne optische Wirkung sind. Ein erstes Segment 6, das sich an die obere Begrenzungsfläche 2 anschließt und sich bis 15°, ausgehend von der Reflektorachse 7 und der Horizontalachse 4 nach unten erstreckt und von der Vertikalachse 5 des Reflektors 1 nach außen bis zur linken Begrenzungsfläche 8 reicht, ist Teil eines Paraboloids. Ein zweites Segment 9, das Teil eines Parellipsoids ist, schließt sich gleichfalls an die obere Begrenzungsfläche 2 an und erstreckt sich bis zur Horizontalachse 4 und reicht von der rechten Begrenzungsfläche 11 des Reflektors bis zu seiner Vertikalachse 5. Ein drittes Segment 12, das Teil eines Parellipsoids ist, hat eine andere Brennweite als das Parellipsoid des zweiten Segments 9. Das dritte Segment 12 erstreckt sich von der unteren Begrenzungsfläche 3 nach oben bis zur Horizontalachse 4 und reicht von der rechten Begrenzungsfläche 11 bis zur Vertikalachse 5 des Reflektors. Ein viertes Segment 15 erstreckt sich von der unteren Begrenzungsfläche 3 des Reflektors nach oben bis zu dem von der Horizontalachse 4 nach unten gehenden 15°-Sektor des ersten Segments und reicht von der linken Begrenzungsfläche 8 bis zur Vertikalachse 5 des Reflektors. Das Segment 15 ist Teil eines allgemeinen Paraboloids. Das ist eine Körperform, die im horizontalen und vertikalen Schnitt unterschiedliche Parabelbrennweiten besitzt und damit beim Übergang von der Horizontalen zur Vertikalen bzw. umgekehrt eine in der Achse des Reflektors liegende Kette von Parabelbrennweiten erzeugt.1 shows the rear side of a low-beam headlight for motor vehicles of a rectangular reflector 1, the reflection surface of which is formed from several segments, in the present exemplary embodiment from four segments. The reflector 1 has an upper boundary surface 2 and a lower boundary surface 3, both of which run essentially parallel to the horizontal axis 4 of the reflector 1 and have no optical effect. A first segment 6, which adjoins the upper boundary surface 2 and extends down to 15 °, starting from the reflector axis 7 and the horizontal axis 4, and extends outwards from the vertical axis 5 of the reflector 1 to the left boundary surface 8, is part a paraboloid. A second segment 9, which is part of a parellipsoid, also adjoins the upper boundary surface 2 and extends to the horizontal axis 4 and extends from the right boundary surface 11 of the reflector to its vertical axis 5. A third segment 12, part of a Parellipsoids has a different focal length than the parellipsoid of the second segment 9. The third segment 12 extends from the lower boundary surface 3 up to the horizontal axis 4 and extends from the right boundary surface 11 up to the vertical axis 5 of the reflector. A fourth segment 15 extends from the lower boundary surface 3 of the reflector up to the 15 ° sector of the first segment going down from the horizontal axis 4 and extends from the left boundary surface 8 to the vertical axis 5 of the reflector. Segment 15 is part of a general paraboloid. This is a body shape that has different parabolic focal lengths in the horizontal and vertical section and thus creates a chain of parabolic focal lengths in the axis of the reflector when changing from the horizontal to the vertical or vice versa.

Der gesamte Reflektor stellt sich für einen Betrachter als Körper aus stufenlos ineinander übergehenden Teilkörpern der Reflektorsegmente dar und besitzt einen einzigen gemeinsamen Scheitel. In einer Scheitelöffnung 16 des Reflektors 1 ist eine Glühlampe 17 für die Erzeugung eines Abblendlichts gemäß europäischer Norm (Standardbezeichnung H1) bzw. gemäß US-Norm (Standardbezeichnung 9006) (siehe Figur 2) eingesetzt. Diese Lampe hat eine axiale Glühwendel 18, die im wesentlichen parallel oder koaxial zur Reflektorachse 7 ausgerichtet ist und keine Abdeckkappe hat. Es ist keine die Belüftung und Lichtabgabe der Lampe behindernde Abdeckkappe vorhanden, daher wird ein Wärmestau im Bereich der Lampe vermieden und die Lebensdauer der Lampe erhöht. Die Ausnutzung der vollen Reflektorfläche im Falle der H1-Lampe bewirkt einen erheblichen Lichtstromgewinn gegenüber dem bekannten Abblendlicht, das mit einer mit Abdeckkappe versehnen Lampe der Norm H4 erzeugt wird. Daraus folgt, daß auch bei kleinen Abmessungen des Reflektors 1 ein qualitativ gutes Abblendlicht erzeugt wird. Statt der H1-Lampe bzw. der Lampe 9006 ist auch eine Gasentladungslampe einsetzbar. Der Abblendlichtscheinwerfer in Figur 2 zeigt einen rechteckigen Reflektor 1 mit einer Reflektionsfläche 20, einer Lichtaustrittsöffnung 21 und einem Scheitel 22. Von diesem steht ein Hals 23 ab, an dessen Stirnseite sich der Flansch der Glühlampe 17 in axialer Richtung abstützt und in radialer Richtung zentriert. Die Glühlampe 17 hat eine zylindrische Glühwendel 18, deren Zylinderachse annähernd parallel oder koaxial zur Reflektionsachse 7 ist. Die Zylinderachse der Glühwendel 18 ist in anderer nachfolgend näher beschriebenen Ausführung gegenüber der optischen Achse 7 vertikal nach oben, und oder seitlich versetzt, eingebaut. Um den Strahlengang von der Lampe aus zu beeinflussen, sind auch ein oder mehrere längs der Lampe verlaufende abschattende Stege einsetzbar.For an observer, the entire reflector presents itself as a body made up of partial bodies of the reflector segments which merge into one another in a stepless manner and has a single common apex. In an apex opening 16 of the reflector 1, an incandescent lamp 17 is used to generate a low beam according to the European standard (standard designation H1) or according to the US standard (standard designation 9006) (see FIG. 2). This lamp has an axial filament 18, which is aligned essentially parallel or coaxial to the reflector axis 7 and has no cover cap. There is no cover cap obstructing the ventilation and light emission of the lamp, therefore a heat build-up in the area of the lamp is avoided and the life of the lamp is increased. The utilization of the full reflector surface in the case of the H1 lamp brings about a considerable increase in luminous flux compared to the known low beam, which is produced with a lamp of the H4 standard provided with a cover cap. It follows that even with small dimensions of the reflector 1, a good quality low beam is generated. Instead of the H1 lamp or lamp 9006, a gas discharge lamp can also be used. The low beam headlight in FIG. 2 shows a rectangular reflector 1 with a reflection surface 20, a light exit opening 21 and an apex 22. A neck 23 protrudes from the latter, on the end face of which the flange of the incandescent lamp 17 is supported in the axial direction and in the radial direction Centered direction. The incandescent lamp 17 has a cylindrical incandescent filament 18, the cylinder axis of which is approximately parallel or coaxial to the reflection axis 7. In another embodiment, which is described in more detail below, the cylinder axis of the incandescent filament 18 is installed vertically upward and or laterally offset with respect to the optical axis 7. In order to influence the beam path from the lamp, one or more shading webs running along the lamp can also be used.

In Figur 2 sind als Reflektionsfläche 20, in Richtung der reflektierten Strahlen gemäß Pfeil 27, die Segmente 6 und 15 im Schnitt erkennbar. Das obere erste Segment 6 ist ein Rotations-Paraboloid und das untere vierte Segment 15 ist ein allgemeines Paraboloid. Der Brennpunkt 24 des oberen ersten Segments 6 liegt im hinteren, d.h. zum Scheitel 22 des Reflektors 1 weisenden Abschnitt der Glühwendel 18 und der im Schnitt erkennbare vertikale Brennpunkt 25 des allgemeinen Paraboloids 15 liegt im vorderen, d.h. zur Lichtaustrittsöffnung 21 des Reflektors 1 weisenden Abschnitts der Glühwendel 18. Die beim allgemeinen Paraboloid auftretende Kette von Parabelbrennweiten erstreckt sich von Brennpunkt 25 Richtung Brennpunkt 24, wie durch Pfeil 28 gekennzeichnet. Die im Schnitt der Figur 2 nicht erkennbaren zweiten und dritten Segmente 9 und 12 sind Teil je eines Parellipsoids, wobei ein Brennpunkt 26 des oberen, zweiten Segments 9 im Schnitt erkennbar ist. Bei dem zweiten Segment 9 ergibt sich eine Kette von Brennweiten, die bei Brennpunkt 24 beginnt und bis Brennpunkt 26 reicht, wie mit Pfeil 29 dargestellt. Auch bei dem dritten Segment 12 ergibt sich eine Kette von Brennweiten, die bei Brennpunkt 26 beginnt und bis Brennpunkt 25 reicht (Pfeil 32).In FIG. 2, segments 6 and 15 can be seen in section as reflection surface 20 in the direction of the reflected rays according to arrow 27. The upper first segment 6 is a rotating paraboloid and the lower fourth segment 15 is a general paraboloid. The focal point 24 of the upper first segment 6 lies in the rear, i.e. the section of the incandescent filament 18 facing the apex 22 of the reflector 1 and the vertical focal point 25 of the general paraboloid 15, which can be seen in section, lies in the front, i.e. section of the incandescent filament 18 facing the light exit opening 21 of the reflector 1. The chain of parabolic focal lengths which occurs in the general paraboloid extends from the focal point 25 in the direction of the focal point 24, as indicated by arrow 28. The second and third segments 9 and 12, which cannot be seen in the section in FIG. 2, are each part of a parellipsoid, a focal point 26 of the upper, second segment 9 being recognizable in section. In the second segment 9 there is a chain of focal lengths, which begins at focal point 24 and extends to focal point 26, as shown by arrow 29. In the third segment 12 there is also a chain of focal lengths, which begins at focal point 26 and extends to focal point 25 (arrow 32).

Die Gesamtheit der Brennpunktkette folgt aus der Reflektorgeometrie und wird ermittelt durch schrittweise abbildnerische Abtastung in Richtung Drehung des Pfeils 30 in Figur 1. Die Brennpunktkette der oberen beiden Segmente liegt im Bereich des Wendelanfangs, nahe am Reflektorscheitel und die der unteren beiden Segmente am scheitelfernen Ende der Glühwendel 18. Das Umklappen der Wendelbilder nach unten durch die kontinuierliche Wanderung der auftretenden Brennweiten von Glühwendelanfang zu Glühwendelende und umgekehrt wird durch die entsprechende Reflektorgeometrie erreicht. Damit wird auch erreicht, daß sämtliche Wendelbilder unterhalb der Hell-Dunkel-Grenze angeordnet sind.The entirety of the focus chain follows from the reflector geometry and is determined by stepwise imaging scanning in the direction of the arrow 30 in FIG. 1. The focus chain of the upper two segments lies in the area of the beginning of the spiral, close to the reflector apex and that of the lower two segments at the end of the incandescent filament 18. The flipping of the filament images downward through the continuous migration of the focal lengths occurring from the beginning of the incandescent filament to the end of the filament and vice versa is achieved by the corresponding reflector geometry. This also ensures that all spiral images are arranged below the light-dark boundary.

Die unterschiedlichen Geometrien der einzelnen Segmente führen zu einer kontinuierlichen Gesamtreflektorform, die keine Stufe zwischen den Segmenten aufweist. Die Übergänge der einzelnen Geometrieformen der Segmente sind so ausgeführt, daß sie eine gemeinsame Tangente haben. Dies erleichtert die Herstellbarkeit in Blech oder Kunststoff, die auftretenden Blendeffekte an den Kanten bzw. Stufen der Segmente entfallen und eine Reduktion der Blendung wird herbeigeführt. Die den Reflektor bildenden Segmente haben einen gemeinsamen Scheitelpunkt und die Geometrieformen der einzelnen Segmente können zur Anpassung gewünschter Lichtverteilungen untereinander vergrößert oder verkleinert werden. Die verschiedenen Segmentformen können in einem runden, ovalen viereckigen oder vieleckigen Scheinwerfer untergebracht sein.The different geometries of the individual segments result in a continuous overall reflector shape that has no step between the segments. The transitions of the individual geometric shapes of the segments are designed so that they have a common tangent. This makes it easier to manufacture in sheet metal or plastic, the glare effects that occur at the edges or steps of the segments are eliminated, and glare is reduced. The segments forming the reflector have a common apex and the geometrical shapes of the individual segments can be enlarged or reduced to adapt the desired light distributions to one another. The various segment shapes can be accommodated in a round, oval, square or polygonal headlight.

Figur 3 zeigt in Richtung der vom Reflektor 1 reflektierten Strahlen gemäß Pfeil 31 einen Meßschirm 33 mit einer Horizontalmittelebene 34 und einer Vertikalmittelebene 35, die sich im "HV-"Punkt schneiden. Das erste Segment 6 bildet den Lichtfleck 37 der Gesamtlichtverteilung 36. Der Lichtfleck 37, der etwa von der Vertikalmittelebene 35 beginnt und sich nach rechts zur äußeren rechten Meßschirmseite 41 erstreckt, bildet einen Teil der Hell-Dunkel-Grenze mit dem typischen 15°-Anstieg auf der rechten Seite.FIG. 3 shows, in the direction of the rays reflected by the reflector 1, a measuring screen 33 with a horizontal central plane 34 and a vertical central plane 35, which intersect at the "HV" point. The first segment 6 forms the light spot 37 of the total light distribution 36. The light spot 37, which begins approximately from the vertical center plane 35 and extends to the right to the outer right measuring screen side 41, forms part of the light-dark boundary with the typical 15 ° rise On the right side.

Das zweite Segment 9 bildet den Lichtfleck 38 der Gesamtlichtverteilung 36 ausgehend von der vertikalen Mittelebene 35. Segment 12 bildet den Lichtfleck 39 und Segment 15 bildet den Lichtfleck 40.The second segment 9 forms the light spot 38 of the total light distribution 36 starting from the vertical central plane 35. Segment 12 forms the light spot 39 and segment 15 forms the light spot 40.

Dadurch, daß die Reflektorachse 7 um die Glühwendel 18 bezüglich des "HV"-Punkts des Meßschirms 33 horizontal nach unten geneigt ist, fällt das aus den Lichtflecken 37, 38, 39, 40 bestehende Rohlichtbündel unterhalb der vorgeschriebenen Hell-Dunkel-Grenze 42. Bedingt durch die erfindungsgemäßen Parameter der Reflektionsfläche 20 als Summe der Segmente 6, 9, 12, 15 entspricht das Rohlichtbündel der sich ergebenden Rohlichtverteilung, d.h. die Lichtverteilung ohne Streuscheibe entspricht im wesentlichen bereits dem die Fahrbahn ausleuchtenden Abblendlichtbündel. Deshalb sind an der nicht gezeichneten Streuscheibe des Abblendlichtscheinwerfers im wesentlichen keine oder nur wenige optische Mittel erforderlich, welche das Rohlichtbündel zum Abblendlichtbündel formen. Daraus folgt auch, daß die Streuscheibe stärker geneigt werden kann.Because the reflector axis 7 is inclined horizontally downward about the incandescent filament 18 with respect to the “HV” point of the measuring screen 33, the raw light beam consisting of the light spots 37, 38, 39, 40 falls below the prescribed light / dark limit 42. Due to the parameters of the reflection surface 20 according to the invention as the sum of the segments 6, 9, 12, 15, the raw light beam corresponds to the resulting raw light distribution, ie the light distribution without the lens already corresponds to the low beam that illuminates the road. For this reason, essentially no or only a few optical means are required on the lens of the low-beam headlight, not shown, which form the raw light beam into the low-beam light beam. It also follows that the lens can be tilted more.

Eine asymmetrische, horizontale Anordnung eines Reflektors bewirkt, daß die Fläche des Reflektors, die für die Reichweite genutzt wird, vergrößert werden kann und sich eine höhere Beleuchtungsstärke in der Ferne ergibt.An asymmetrical, horizontal arrangement of a reflector means that the area of the reflector which is used for the range can be enlarged and there is a greater illuminance in the distance.

Für den Fall der Lichtverteilung nach europäischer Norm ECE mit H1-Lampe erweist es sich als besonders vorteilhaft, um die Schärfe der Hell-Dunkel-Grenze auf der linken, horizontalen Seite der Lichtverteilung zu erhöhen, die Lampe vertikal nach oben gegenüber der optischen Achse zu versetzen, wobei eine Größenordnung von 0,3 bis 0,6 mm anzustreben ist. Damit wird erreicht, daß sich die Wendelbilder genau in einer horizontalen Linie anordnen und damit der Gradient beim Hell-Dunkel-Übergang erhöht wird.In the case of light distribution according to the European standard ECE with H1 lamp, it proves to be particularly advantageous in order to increase the sharpness of the light-dark boundary on the left, horizontal side of the light distribution, the lamp vertically upward relative to the optical axis move, aiming for a size of 0.3 to 0.6 mm. This ensures that the spiral images are arranged exactly in a horizontal line and thus the gradient at the light-dark transition is increased.

Eine Reflektoranordnung nach Figur 4, die auch aus vier Segmenten 6′, 50, 51 und 15′ besteht läßt keine 15°-Linie 45 wie in Figur 3 erkennen. Diese Anordnung ist ein Reflektor nach der US Norm SAE, der gleichfalls unterschiedliche Segmente aufweist, die jeweils bis zu den Mittelachsen des Reflektors reichen. Im Unterschied zum Reflektor nach europäischer Norm ECE-Anordnung besteht bei der SAE-Reflektoranordnung das zweite Segment 50 aus einem Teil eines allgemeinen Paraboloids und das dritte Segment 51 aus einem Teil eines Rotations-Paraboloids. Die Segmente 50, 51 bilden insbesondere den Lichtfleck 48 und die ersten und vierten Segmente 6′, 15′ bilden den Lichtfleck 49. Der gesamte Reflektor führt zu einer Gesamtlichtverteilung 52. Diese Reflektorgeometrie führt zu einer Optimierung des sogenannten "hot spots", d.h. der Reichweitezone des USA-Abblendlichts. Für die USA-Anordnung mit Lampen vom Standard 9006 konzentrieren sich durch die Reflektorgeometrie alle Wendelbilder auf dem rechten unteren Quadranten des Meßschirms 33. Die geometrische Anordnung des Reflektors bewirkt, neben einem erhöhten Lichtvolumen, daß das Maximum der Beleuchtungsstärke knapp unterhalb der Hell-Dunkel-Grenze zu liegen kommt und somit wird eine große Reichweite erzielt.A reflector arrangement according to Figure 4, which also consists of four segments 6 ', 50, 51 and 15' does not show a 15 ° line 45 as in Figure 3. This arrangement is a reflector according to the US standard SAE, which also has different segments, each of which extends to the central axes of the reflector. In contrast to the reflector according to the European standard ECE arrangement, in the SAE reflector arrangement the second segment 50 consists of part of a general paraboloid and the third segment 51 consists of part of a rotational paraboloid. The segments 50, 51 form in particular the light spot 48 and the first and fourth segments 6 ', 15' form the light spot 49. The entire reflector leads to an overall light distribution 52. This reflector geometry leads to an optimization of the so-called "hot spots", i.e. the range of the United States low beam. For the USA arrangement with lamps of standard 9006, all the spiral images are concentrated on the lower right quadrant of the measuring screen 33 due to the reflector geometry. In addition to an increased light volume, the geometric arrangement of the reflector means that the maximum illuminance is just below the light-dark Limit comes to lie and thus a large range is achieved.

Claims (8)

  1. Dipped-beam headlight for motor vehicles for the generation of an asymmetric light distribution, having a reflector (1) and having a lamp (17) with a radiant body (18), in which the reflecting surface of the reflector (1) is formed from at least two segments (6, 9, 12, 15; 6′, 15′, 50, 51) having mutually differing geometric shapes, in the case of which differing conic section curves are formed in axial longitudinal sections containing the optical axis (7) in which at least one segment (6; 6′) in the form of a paraboloid of revolution is disposed at least above a horizontal central axis (4) of the reflector (1), and at least one segment (15; 15′) in the form of a paraboloid is disposed at least below the horizontal central axis (4) of the reflector (1), the parabola of which paraboloid formed in the horizontal axial longitudinal section exhibits a focal point (24), which coincides with the focal point of the segment (6; 6′), disposed above the horizontal central axis (4), in the form of a paraboloid of revolution, in which the light reflected by these segments (6; 6′, 15; 15′) contributes to the formation of the core of the light distribution, characterized in that the radiant body (18) of the lamp (17) extends axially along the optical axis (7) of the reflector (1), in that the segments (6, 9, 12, 15; 6′, 15′ 50, 51) of the reflector (1) merge continuously into one another and exhibit a common vertex, and in that the segment (15; 15′), disposed below the horizontal central axis (4) is designed in the form of a general paraboloid, the parabola of which formed in the vertical axial longitudinal section exhibits a focal point (25), which, with respect to the focal point (24) of the parabola formed in the horizontal axial longitudinal section, is disposed to be displaced forwards along the optical axis (7).
  2. Dipped-beam headlight according to Claim 1, characterized in that a further segment (9) in the form of a parellipsoid is disposed above the horizontal central axis (4) of the reflector (1) in addition to the segment (6) in the form of a paraboloid of revolution, and in that a further segment (12) in the form of a parellipsoid is disposed below the horizontal central axis (4) of the reflector (1) in addition to the segment (15) in the form of a general paraboloid.
  3. Dipped-beam headlight according to Claim 2, characterized in that, seen in the direction of the light reflected by the reflector (1), the segment (6) in the form of a paraboloid of revolution and the segment (15) in the form of a general paraboloid are disposed to the left of the vertical central axis (5) of the reflector (1), and in that the two segments (9, 12) in the form of a parellipsoid are disposed to the right of the vertical central axis (5) of the reflector (1).
  4. Dipped-beam headlight according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the lamp (17) is an H1 incandescent lamp without covering cap, with an axial incandescent coil (18) extending parallel to the optical axis (7), and in that the transition between the segment (6), disposed above the horizontal central axis (4), in the form of a paraboloid of revolution and the segment (15), disposed below the horizontal central axis (4), in the form of a general paraboloid, lies in a plane which is pivoted downwards about the optical axis (7) by 15° in relation to the horizontal central axis (4).
  5. Dipped-beam headlight according to Claim 4, characterized in that one or more shading webs are disposed along the lamp (17).
  6. Dipped-beam headlight according to Claim 1, characterized in that a further segment (50) in the form of a general paraboloid is disposed above the horizontal central axis (4) of the reflector (1) in addition to the segment (6′) in the form of a paraboloid of revolution, in which further segment the same parabola is formed in the vertical axial longitudinal section as in the case of the segment (6′) in the form of a paraboloid of revolution and another parabola is formed in the horizontal axial longitudinal section, and in that a further segment (51) in the form of a paraboloid of revolution is disposed below the horizontal central axis (4) of the reflector (1) in addition to the segment (15′) in the form of a general paraboloid.
  7. Dipped-beam headlight according to one of Claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the lamp (17) is disposed to be displaced perpendicularly to the optical axis (7), in particular displaced upwards.
  8. Dipped-beam headlight according to Claim 7, characterized in that the focal point (24) of the segment (6; 6′), disposed above the horizontal central axis (4), in the form of a paraboloid of revolution lies at that end of the radiant body (18) which is close to the vertex, in that the focal point (24) of the conic section curve formed in the vertical axial longitudinal section by the additional segment (9; 50) disposed above the horizontal central axis (4), coincides with the focal point (24) of the segment (6; 6′) in the form of a paraboloid of revolution and at the transition to the horizontal axial longitudinal section through the additional segment (9; 50) disposed above the horizontal central axis (4), the focal point of the conic section curve which is formed moves in a direction towards that end of the radiant body (18) which is remote from the vertex to the focal point (26) of the conic section curve formed in the horizontal axial longitudinal section by the segment (9; 50), in that the focal point (24) of the conic section curve formed in the horizontal axial longitudinal section through the additional segment (12; 51) disposed below the horizontal central axis (4) coincides with the focal point (26) of the conic section curve formed in the horizontal axial longitudinal section through the additional segment (9; 50) disposed above the horizontal central axis (4), and in that the focal point of the conic section curves formed at the transition from the horizontal to the vertical axial longitudinal section through the additional segment (12; 51) disposed below the horizontal central axis (4) moves towards that end of the radiant body (18) which is remote from the vertex, and in that the focal point (25) of the conic section curve formed in the vertical axial longitudinal section through the additional segment (12; 51) disposed below the horizontal central axis (4) coincides with the focal point (25) of the parabola formed in the vertical axial longitudinal section through the segment (15; 15′), disposed below the horizontal central axis (4), in the form of a general paraboloid.
EP88113557A 1987-09-17 1988-08-20 Motor vehicle headlight Expired - Lifetime EP0307657B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3731232 1987-09-17
DE19873731232 DE3731232A1 (en) 1987-09-17 1987-09-17 HEADLIGHTS FOR VEHICLES, IN PARTICULAR HEADLIGHTS FOR MOTOR VEHICLES

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EP0307657A2 EP0307657A2 (en) 1989-03-22
EP0307657A3 EP0307657A3 (en) 1990-03-14
EP0307657B1 true EP0307657B1 (en) 1994-11-23

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US (1) US4924359A (en)
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JP (1) JP2654116B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3731232A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3731232A1 (en) 1989-03-30
EP0307657A2 (en) 1989-03-22
DE3852159D1 (en) 1995-01-05
EP0307657A3 (en) 1990-03-14
JPH0197301A (en) 1989-04-14
US4924359A (en) 1990-05-08
JP2654116B2 (en) 1997-09-17

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