EP0298981A1 - Contact system for vacuum switches with an axial magnetic field. - Google Patents
Contact system for vacuum switches with an axial magnetic field.Info
- Publication number
- EP0298981A1 EP0298981A1 EP87902049A EP87902049A EP0298981A1 EP 0298981 A1 EP0298981 A1 EP 0298981A1 EP 87902049 A EP87902049 A EP 87902049A EP 87902049 A EP87902049 A EP 87902049A EP 0298981 A1 EP0298981 A1 EP 0298981A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- radial
- arrangement according
- contact body
- electrical conductivity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
- H01H33/6642—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having cup-shaped contacts, the cylindrical wall of which being provided with inclined slits to form a coil
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/0203—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches
- H01H1/0206—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches containing as major components Cu and Cr
Definitions
- the invention relates to a contact arrangement for vacuum switches with an axial magnetic field, the contact pieces of which contain disc-shaped contact bodies, the contact bodies being soldered onto contact carriers and having means for preventing eddy currents.
- Changes in the current in the azimuthal current path are induced in eddy currents in closed, ring-shaped contact carrier bottoms, in disc-shaped contact bodies or in contact contacts.
- Such eddy currents generate secondary magnetic fields which weaken the amplitude of the axial magnetic field and shift its phase position with respect to the current flowing through the switch.
- the phase shift of the axial magnetic field causes a considerable residual axial magnetic field during and after the zero crossing of the current preserved. This magnetic field prevents the charge carriers that are still present from flowing rapidly out of the contact gap and promotes undesired re-ignition of the arc.
- DE-PS 24 43 141 describes a contact arrangement in which there are four hook-shaped radial and azimuthal current conductors for generating the axial magnetic field and the disk-shaped contact body is radially slotted to avoid eddy currents.
- DE-OS 32 31 593 a structure of a contact made of azimuthal current conductors is known, which are formed by multiple, same-way slitting of a pot contact, onto which a contact disk provided with radial slots is soldered as a contact body.
- the course of current conductors for magnetic field formation is shown in EP-A-00 55 008, the current in the contact disk often running in a meandering manner in the arc plane and the contact body being divided into several parts by wide slots.
- a disadvantage of the prior art is that, because of the wide radial slots in the contact surface facing the arc, cathode base points preferably attach to the edges thereof, which can lead to reignitions due to thermal overheating.
- Slitting of the disks takes place only up to about a third of the contact disk diameter in order to maintain the stability of the contact body. Because of the lack of slits in the central area of the contact pieces, the eddy currents flowing there remain fully effective.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide contact pieces for vacuum switches with an axial magnetic field, in which eddy currents and axial residual magnetic fields coupled therewith are prevented in the zero current passage without the need for disturbing slots on the contact surface of the contact body.
- the radial regions can preferably be formed by grooves on the side facing away from the switching side of the contact piece.
- the radial regions can also be diffusion zones of an additive that reduces the electrical conductivity of the contact material. The diffusion can originate from the grooves on the side facing away from the switching side of the contact piece.
- the radial regions can also be fillings or molded parts made of a material with a lower conductivity than that of the base material when the molded parts are produced. It is particularly advantageous in the invention that sufficient mechanical stability is ensured for the soldering process of the contact disk onto the contact piece carrier. The switching properties of the contact piece are not changed by the smooth contact surface of the contact body.
- FIG. 1 shows a contact arrangement for a vacuum switching device with an axial magnetic field in a sectional view.
- a contact piece 1 of a vacuum switch consists of a pot-like contact carrier 2 with an obliquely circumferential slit 3.
- the counter-contact piece 1 ' has the same direction in the corresponding contact carrier 3'.
- For the contact carrier 2 or 2 ' is a contact pin 4 or 4' made of copper or the like. guided.
- the contact body 10 or 10 made of a suitable contact material, for example a CuCr material with 50% Cr.
- the contact body usually consists of a disk, into which, starting from the circumference, radial to about two
- Slits are made third to the center.
- the center of the pane cannot be slotted to ensure sufficient stability.
- the contact body 10 shows the contact body 10 with its switching side 11 and its rear side 12. It can be seen that 15 ridges of lower electrical conductivity can be produced by radial grooves milled in from the rear.
- the wedge angle can be, for example, 10 to 90 °.
- the wedge depth is dimensioned such that the disc 10 still has sufficient mechanical stability for the soldering process on the contact carrier 2 or 2 'and support body 5 or 5'.
- the contact body 10 is oriented azimuthally in such a way that the radial regions of the slits 3 and 3 'defined by the grooves 15 are correspondingly assigned to the contact carriers 2 and 2' according to FIG.
- star-shaped regions of lower electrical conductivity than those of the base material are produced in a contact body 20 with switching side 21 and rear side 22 by local diffusion of suitable components.
- the components for the diffusion zones have, for example for a CuCr contact material, for example iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), titanium (Ti) or aluminum (AI), i.e. components which form a mixed crystal with copper and thus the Effectively reduce electrical conductivity, proven.
- the diffusion zones are expediently delimited by masks.
- the diffusion will preferably take place from the rear side 22 of the contact piece 20. However, it can also be carried out from the contact side 21, provided that the contact properties are not deteriorated.
- the diffusion depth extends, for example, over half the total thickness d of the disk 20; however, it can also take place over the entire thickness d of the pane 20, as indicated in FIG.
- FIG. 4 four radially symmetrical regions 35 with parallel boundaries are produced in a contact body 30 with the switching side 31 and rear side 32 by diffusion over the entire thickness d of the contact piece 30.
- the additives are diffused linearly from both sides using masks.
- Each individual diffusion zone 35 extends from the circumference of the contact piece 30 to the center, for example up to approximately two thirds of the disk radius, so that an inner central region 36 of high electrical conductivity is retained.
- a contact piece in the combination of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 or FIG. 4.
- grooves are first introduced into the contact piece from the rear and the diffusion of the conductivity-reducing additive is effected from the base of the grooves.
- FIG. 5 shows that the grooves 15 according to FIG. 2 can also have a semicircular profile 16, a rectangular profile 17 or a trapezoidal profile 18 in their cross section. There are other shapes too conceivable.
- the grooves 16 to 18 can advantageously be the starting point for diffusion zones 25 according to FIG. 3.
- contact bodies 40 and 50 which are produced by the sintering impregnation process by impregnating a chrome structure with liquid copper.
- the powder-metallurgical manufacturing process of such disks 40 and 50 allows radial areas, for example spokes or star-shaped, to be produced as webs from a material of lower conductivity than that of the base material, simultaneously with the production of the molded part.
- segment-like powder regions of such materials are introduced into the powder filling, which lead to the desired regions of low conductivity in the subsequent impregnation process.
- Different powders can be layered, for example, by means of sheets arranged in a star shape, which are removed after the filling process.
- radial areas can be produced in a simple manner that - according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 described for diffusion zones - end, for example, below the buttons.
- radial segments starting from the circumference can also be introduced into the predetermined position relative to the center of the circular disk.
- the limits can be parallel or radial. It is advisable to select the areas as narrow as possible, but instead to select a larger number, for example eight or more, but at least four, in a circle-symmetrical manner over the pane.
- radially extending powder fillings can be introduced directly into the molded body 20 with the switching side 21 and the soldering side 22 as shown in FIG form and cross each other in the disc center.
- the webs 25 define star-shaped or spoke-shaped areas and leave the contact surface 21 of the contact body 20 unchanged.
- sector-like areas 45 are introduced into a sintered body 40 with switching side 41 and rear side 42 starting from the disk circumference over the entire thickness d, so that a central area 46 of unchanged high conductivity results towards the center of the circle.
- the different material areas 44 and 45 alternate in a star shape from this central area 46.
- the different powder layers 44 and 55 can be present in such a way that the powders of the material for the radial areas of low conductivity either remain undissolved or else dissolved in the finished material. In the latter case, however, it must be ensured by the choice of material that a homogeneous solution is not present in the drinking metal.
- a homogeneous solution is not present in the drinking metal.
- Fe iron
- regions 55 with poor electrical conductivity are introduced as narrow webs in a contact body 50.
- the areas 54 made of base material are specifically separated by sheets, for example made of iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), aluminum (Al) or alloys thereof.
- the sheets 55 can be inserted radially from the circumference into the powder bed for the compact, which can be achieved in a simple manner by suitably folded sheet metal strips.
- the sheet metal strip height can either take up the entire thickness d of the contact disk or can also be selected to be lower. Due to the sintering and impregnation process, the inserted webs 55 result in the desired webs of lower conductivity than that of the base material.
- the outer region of the contact body 50 can then be turned off, so that the star-shaped structure of the webs formed by the plates 55 is created. However, a highly conductive central area 56 remains in the contact body 50.
- the contact bodies 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 described in detail above can be easily soldered onto the contact carriers 2 or 2 'and the support bodies 5 or 5' of the contact pieces 1 or 1 'according to FIG. 1.
- the different contact bodies are each appropriately oriented such that the radial areas of lower electrical conductivity are correspondingly assigned to the slits 3 and 3 'of the contact carriers 2 and 2', respectively.
- the invention has been described above using a CuCr base material with 30 to 60% chromium as the contact material. Contacts can also be produced according to the invention with other contact material systems, for example based on CuW or CuMo.
Landscapes
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
Abstract
Eléments de contact pour interrupteur à vide avec champ magnétique axial se présentant sous la forme par exemple de contacts à cuve pourvus de fentes dans le même sens, qui portent un corps de contact discoïde et possèdent des moyens de suppression des courants parasites. A cet effet, il est connu notamment d'incorporer des fentes radiales dans l'élément de contact. Les éléments de contact ci-décrits (10, 20, 30, 50) possèdent, au moins sur leur partie arrière, des zones radiales (15, 25, 35, 45, 55) qui présentent une conductivité électrique notablement inférieure à celle du matériau de base. Ces zones radiales peuvent être soit des rainures (15 à 18) ménagées sur la face arrière (12) du corps de contact (10), soit des régions de diffusion (25, 35) d'additifs réduisant la conductivité électrique du matériau de base, ou encore une combinaison des deux. Dans le cas de corps de contacts (40, 50) produits par métallurgie des poudres, il est également possible d'incorporer les régions radiales, lors de la fabrication sous forme de parties remplies (45) ou d'éléments moulés (55) dans un matériau présentant une conductivité électrique inférieure à celle du matériau de base.Contact elements for a vacuum interrupter with an axial magnetic field, for example in the form of tank contacts provided with slots in the same direction, which carry a discoid contact body and have means for suppressing parasitic currents. For this purpose, it is known in particular to incorporate radial slots in the contact element. The contact elements described above (10, 20, 30, 50) have, at least on their rear part, radial zones (15, 25, 35, 45, 55) which have an electrical conductivity notably lower than that of the material basic. These radial zones can be either grooves (15 to 18) formed on the rear face (12) of the contact body (10), or diffusion regions (25, 35) of additives reducing the electrical conductivity of the base material. , or a combination of both. In the case of contact bodies (40, 50) produced by powder metallurgy, it is also possible to incorporate the radial regions, during manufacture as filled parts (45) or molded parts (55) in a material having an electrical conductivity lower than that of the base material.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3610242 | 1986-03-26 | ||
DE3610245 | 1986-03-26 | ||
DE19863610242 DE3610242A1 (en) | 1986-03-26 | 1986-03-26 | Contact arrangement for vacuum switches having an axial magnetic field, and a method for producing the associated contact elements |
DE19863610245 DE3610245A1 (en) | 1986-03-26 | 1986-03-26 | Contact arrangement for vacuum switches having an axial magnetic field, and a method for producing the associated contact elements |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0298981A1 true EP0298981A1 (en) | 1989-01-18 |
EP0298981B1 EP0298981B1 (en) | 1990-07-11 |
Family
ID=25842359
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87902049A Expired - Lifetime EP0298981B1 (en) | 1986-03-26 | 1987-03-20 | Contact system for vacuum switches with an axial magnetic field |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4935588A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0298981B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH01502546A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3763668D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1987006052A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4121685C2 (en) * | 1991-06-29 | 2002-10-31 | Alstom Vakuumschalttechnik Gmb | Vacuum interrupter chamber |
JPH05159851A (en) * | 1991-12-06 | 1993-06-25 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | High current density glow discharge switch |
JP2861757B2 (en) * | 1992-11-10 | 1999-02-24 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Electrode device for vacuum valve |
US5461205A (en) * | 1994-03-07 | 1995-10-24 | Eaton Corporation | Electrode stem for axial magnetic field vacuum interrupters |
DE19809306A1 (en) * | 1998-03-05 | 1999-09-09 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Contact piece for a vacuum chamber and method for producing the contact piece |
FR2808617B1 (en) * | 2000-05-02 | 2002-06-28 | Schneider Electric Ind Sa | VACUUM BULB, PARTICULARLY FOR AN ELECTRICAL PROTECTION APPARATUS SUCH AS A SWITCH OR A CIRCUIT BREAKER |
CN1145997C (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2004-04-14 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Contact of integrated power switch |
CN1156863C (en) * | 2001-02-28 | 2004-07-07 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing contact of integrated power switch |
JP2003031066A (en) * | 2001-07-17 | 2003-01-31 | Hitachi Ltd | Electrode and manufacturing method therefor, breaker and processing method therefor and product |
EP1294004B1 (en) * | 2001-09-12 | 2004-12-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Meidensha | Contact for vacuum interrupter and vacuum interrupter using the contact |
US6747233B1 (en) | 2001-12-28 | 2004-06-08 | Abb Technology Ag | Non-linear magnetic field distribution in vacuum interrupter contacts |
ATE488847T1 (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2010-12-15 | Abb Research Ltd | CONTACT ELEMENT |
DE112010005162B4 (en) * | 2010-01-20 | 2019-10-10 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKER |
JP2011242879A (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-12-01 | Panasonic Corp | Connector |
US9640353B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2017-05-02 | Thomas & Betts International Llc | Axial magnetic field coil for vacuum interrupter |
GB2552839A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-02-14 | The General Electric Company | Improvements to vacuum switching device contacts |
US10643808B2 (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-05-05 | S&C Electric Company | Vacuum switching devices |
DE102021210646A1 (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2023-03-23 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Contact carrier for vacuum switch, vacuum switch and manufacturing method for a contact carrier |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL275722A (en) * | 1961-03-10 | |||
US3327081A (en) * | 1964-11-25 | 1967-06-20 | Allis Chalmers Mfg Co | Contact with high resistance material insert |
FR2279216A1 (en) * | 1973-09-10 | 1976-02-13 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | MAGNETIC FIELD VACUUM SWITCH |
JPS52150571A (en) * | 1976-06-09 | 1977-12-14 | Hitachi Ltd | Vacuum breaker electrode |
JPS5784530A (en) * | 1980-11-17 | 1982-05-26 | Hitachi Ltd | Vacuum breaker |
DE3173171D1 (en) * | 1980-12-22 | 1986-01-23 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Vacuum interrupter |
DE3231593A1 (en) * | 1982-08-25 | 1984-03-01 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | CONTACT ARRANGEMENT FOR VACUUM SWITCHES |
JPS60189126A (en) * | 1984-03-07 | 1985-09-26 | 株式会社東芝 | Vacuum breaker and method of treating same |
DE3422949A1 (en) * | 1984-06-19 | 1985-12-19 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | VACUUM SWITCH TUBES WITH A COIL TO GENERATE A MAGNETIC FIELD |
-
1987
- 1987-03-20 JP JP62501838A patent/JPH01502546A/en active Pending
- 1987-03-20 DE DE8787902049T patent/DE3763668D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-03-20 US US07/273,857 patent/US4935588A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-03-20 WO PCT/DE1987/000124 patent/WO1987006052A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1987-03-20 EP EP87902049A patent/EP0298981B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8706052A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US4935588A (en) | 1990-06-19 |
EP0298981B1 (en) | 1990-07-11 |
WO1987006052A1 (en) | 1987-10-08 |
JPH01502546A (en) | 1989-08-31 |
DE3763668D1 (en) | 1990-08-16 |
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