EP0296208A1 - Inclined jet drilling tool. - Google Patents
Inclined jet drilling tool.Info
- Publication number
- EP0296208A1 EP0296208A1 EP88900697A EP88900697A EP0296208A1 EP 0296208 A1 EP0296208 A1 EP 0296208A1 EP 88900697 A EP88900697 A EP 88900697A EP 88900697 A EP88900697 A EP 88900697A EP 0296208 A1 EP0296208 A1 EP 0296208A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tool
- orifice
- tool according
- orifices
- rotating members
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/08—Roller bits
- E21B10/18—Roller bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a drilling tool. More particularly, but without being limiting, the present invention relates to a drilling tool or drill bit which can be fixed to the lower end of a drilling column.
- the tool according to the invention is of a type comprising several rotating members provided with cutting elements, these members being able to be conical knobs turning around bearings whose axes are inclined relative to the central axis of the tool.
- the jets of fluid open out at a place located notably above the level of the rollers.
- the jets pass through the drilling fluid loaded with cuttings which fills the bottom of the drilled hole. Therefore, the flow velocity of the jets at
- the present invention provides a tool of the first type defined above, which, by its design, is simple and robust, while having considerably increased use performance compared to tools of the same type and which approximate those of the second type, while they do not include suction jets.
- the tool for drilling land comprises, according to this i nventi on:
- a tool body intended to be driven in rotation by a tool holder, a cavity being formed in this body to receive a pressurized fluid through the tool holder, 5
- a plurality of rotating members carried by the body of the tool and provided with ground attack teeth on a face, these teeth having a height H, the diameter of said tool being D, t ⁇
- irrigation means adapted to deliver at least one fluid irrigation jet directed towards the cutting face, these means comprising at least a first calibrated orifice implanted on the body of the tool, communicating with the cavity of the tool body
- the calibrated orifice being adapted to produce a fluid jet directed towards one of the two rotating members between which said first space is defined, the center of said jet at its outlet from said orifice being located at a distance 0 from the plane P perpendicular to the axis of the tool passing through the top of the teeth considered on the side of the cutting face.
- the magnitudes D, H and d are such that d. 1, 8 H and 5
- the tool according to the invention comprises irrigation means which comprise an extension carrying the calibrated orifice, the extension 0 being at a minimum distance t from the plane P, then the magnitudes D, H and t can be such that:
- the irrigation means may include at least two calibrated orifices adapted to produce fluid jets directed respectively towards the two rotating members between which the first space is defined.
- the irrigation means may include at least one nozzle or irrigation nozzle comprising the calibrated orifice (s).
- the jet of fluid produced by the orifice may have an orientation substantially tangential to the exterior surface of the rotating members.
- the rotating members may have a substantially conical shape, and the orifice may be formed by slots whose direction of elongation may be substantially parallel to a generator of a rotating member.
- the tool according to the invention may include three rotating members defining three spaces between two adjacent rotating members, and for which only two of the spaces may be equipped with calibrated orifices, only one of these spaces being free of any injection orifice. of fluid.
- the axis of the jet produced by the orifice when the latter is supported by a nozzle, may make an angle between 15 and 45 with the plane P and preferably an angle equal to 30.
- two of the walls defining the internal shape of this slit may belong to two planes making an angle of 15 between them.
- the tool may include two calibrated orifices located on either side of a plane substantially parallel to the axis of the tool, containing substantially the axis of rotation of a member. turning. These orifices can be adapted to each produce a jet oriented towards the rotating member and directed towards the cutting face. In addition, these orifices can be adapted to produce jets offset from one another.
- the tool may include two other calibrated orifices each of said orifices being adapted to produce a jet directed towards the cutting face and towards one of said other rotating members respectively.
- Each of the jets produced by the other orifices can be oriented sseennssiibblleemmeenntt à à 6600 pplor rraappppoorrtt àà ll''aaxxee mmééddiiaann ddeefined by the two rotating members closest to said orifice.
- One of the offset jets can make an angle close to 30 relative to the median axis defined by the two rotating members closest to this orifice.
- the other offset jet can make an angle close to theta, theta being defined by:
- D corresponds to the diameter of the tool like that already and e corresponds to the distance separating said orifice from the circumference circumscribed with the tool.
- the tool according to the present invention is particularly well suited for drilling soft and sticky terrains.
- FIG. 2 illustrates schematically the quantities having an importance for the obtaining of good performances of the tool
- FIG. 5 schematically illustrates the configuration of a calibrated orifice with its upstream duct
- FIG. 6 represents a particularly effective embodiment for the removal of spoil
- the tool represented in the figures is composed of a body 1 provided with three arms 2, only two of which are represented in FIGS. 2 and 3. These arms carry bodies for attacking the terrains constituted, for example, by rollers or conical knobs 3, 4 and 5 rotating on bearings not shown and whose axes are inclined relative to the axis 6 of the tool which corresponds to the direction of travel of the tool.
- Each of these rotating members which can be of any known type, has teeth, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, capable of attacking the terrain at the level of the cutting face.
- the height H, figure 2 indicates the height of the teeth.
- the upper part 7 of the body 1 Cfig. 3 and 4) is threaded to ensure the connection of the tool to a tool-carrying element which drives it in rotation.
- This tool holder designated by the reference 8 (cf. FIG. 4), can be constituted by the drilling column in the case of rotary drilling.
- the tool holder When the tool is directly driven in rotation by a downhole motor, the tool holder will be constituted by the rotor of this motor.
- a cavity 9 which communicates directly with the internal pipe of the drill string.
- the body of the tool is provided with nozzles 10a and 11a having calibrated orifices (10b, 10c, 11b and 11c) which communicate with the cavity 9 through the passages 15 and 16.
- the nozzles 10a and 11a are placed in two free spaces 10 and 11 between the rollers, preferably being located substantially in the bisecting planes of these spaces.
- pairs of orifices (10b, 10c; 11b, 11c) are placed so that, during the operation of the tool, the fluid which feeds the cavity 9 escapes through these orifices (10b, 10c; 11b, 11c ) by forming two pairs of irrigation jets which flow in two free spaces 10 and 11 included respectively between the rotary members 4 and 5, 3 and 5 and in a direction having a component directed in the direction of progression of the tool in operation.
- the reference 12 designates the third free space between the rotary members 3 and 4 which is free from any injection orifice (cf. FIGS. 1 and 4).
- This provides an area for clearing the mud loaded with cuttings which is quickly removed from the face.
- the calibrated orifices (10b, 10c; 11b, 11c) are constituted by the orifices of the nozzles 10a and 11a respectively.
- the different orifices can be oriented so that the jets of fluid which exit from these orifices reach the rotating members in the immediate vicinity of the cutting face.
- the axes of the jets leaving the calibrated orifices can be substantially tangent to the rotating members.
- calibrated orifices can be circular orifices, but preferably they will have a slit shape, as can be seen in FIG. 2.
- each of these slots is substantially parallel to the generator of the rotating member reached by the fluid jet, and arranged so that the jet acts over the greatest length. possible from this generator.
- d distance which separates the center 18 of an outlet orifice 10b from the plane P perpendicular to the axis of the tool 6 and which passes through the apex 19 of the teeth closest to the cutting face;
- H represents the height of the teeth 20
- D represents the diameter of the tool.
- D / 2 is shown which corresponds to the radius of the tool.
- t the minimum distance between the base of the nozzle or extension and the plane P.
- FIG. 5 represents the section of a calibrated orifice 10b. This orifice is connected to a conduit 21 having a central axis 22 opening at 18 at the level of the orifice 10b.
- the orifices 10b, 10c, 11b and 11c can have a slit shape, as shown in FIG. 2.
- the planes 23 and 24 defining the walls of the duct 21 may make between them a low angle alpha (in Greek letter in FIG. 5), for example substantially close to 15.
- the angle beta ( in Greek letter in FIG. 5) made by the axis 22 of the conduit 10b, this axis corresponding substantially to the axis of the jet, with the plane P may advantageously be between 15 ° and 45 ° and preferably equal to 30.
- a nozzle When a nozzle has two calibrated orifices.
- the central axes of these orifices can advantageously form an angle of 120 ° between them.
- nozzles are fixed interchangeably and they will be chosen by the user according to the flow rate and the pressure of the irrigation fluid.
- the irrigation nozzles such as 10a could be carried by an extension 13 fixed to the body of the tool by any known means, such as a washing or a thread 14.
- This extension could be an integral part of the tool body.
- Figure 6 shows an embodiment of the tool particularly favorable for the removal of cuttings. This figure corresponds to a view from above of the face.
- the arrow 25 corresponds to the direction of rotation of the tool.
- This embodiment is described on the basis of a tool comprising three rotating members which are cones 26, 27 and 28.
- Figure 6 shows an embodiment of the tool particularly favorable for the removal of cuttings. This figure corresponds to a view from above of the face.
- the arrow 25 corresponds to the direction of rotation of the tool.
- This embodiment is described on the basis of a tool comprising three rotating members which are cones 26, 27 and 28.
- the references 32 and 33 designate two nozzles each comprising two oblong orifices, respectively 32b, 32c and 33b, 32c, placed on either side of the cone 26.
- the jets 34, 35, 36 and 37 produced by the calibrated orifices 32b, 32c, 33b and 33c may be inclined to 60 (average value relative to the axis of the supply tube to the fluid extender, which is parallel to the tool axis). This corresponds to the gamma angle in Figure 5.
- each jet can be tangent to the cone it sprinkles, in contact with the tool and the rock.
- each nozzle 32, 33 has 2 orifices, one of which 32b,. and 33b respectively, is oriented at about 60 with respect to the median axis 38, and 39 respectively, of the two cones 26, 28, and 26, 27 respectively, towards the inter-cone space 40 having no nozzles (space between cones 27 and 28 in Figure 6).
- the orientation of the jet is about 30, so as to clean the teeth of the cone 26 located near the center of the tool.
- the angle of 30 is to be considered with respect to the median axis 38 of the cones 26 and 28.
- e corresponds to the distance which separates the center of the calibrated orifice 33c from the circumference of the tool.
- D is The diameter of the tool, as already indicated.
- the angle Theta is to be considered with respect to the median axis 39 of the cones 26 and 27.
- the tool can be fitted with a central nozzle for good cleaning of the dome and the center of the tool.
- Fuses 47 Cfigure 7 can be made of carbide. They can be placed inside the extension tubes 42, in order to provide protection against impacts.
- the internal shape 43 is in the lower part, conical or paraboLoid of revolution, so as to ensure perfect continuity of the flow between the tube and the nozzle.
- FIG. 8 represents an embodiment of the nozzle 32 and FIG. 9 of the nozzle 33.
- the angle Theta is 72.
- Reference 44 designates a fixing mark.
- the fixing of the nozzles in the extension tubes can be done either by brazing ( non recoverable tubes) or mechanically (removable tubes).
- FIG. 10 represents a removable nozzle 45.
- the sealing of this nozzle to the extension tube is ensured by a seal 46 "0 RING".
- Two keys 47 and 48 (fig. 11) allow the nozzle to be fixed in the transerval position along the median axis.
- a locking screw 49 with stud can provide positioning security and avoid any vibration phenomenon.
- This screw with nipple rests on a washer 50 in neoprene (or any other elastomer) in order to ensure the brake, unscrewing and creep functions of the elastomer after tightening, generates a setting of the nipple in the housing in the nozzle .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Nozzles (AREA)
Abstract
Outil pour le forage ayant un diamètre D, des dents de hauteur H portées par des molettes, des moyens d'irrigation adaptés à délivrer au moins un jet fluide d'irrigation par un orifice calibré, le centre dudit jet à sa sortie dudit orifice étant situé à une distance d du plan perpendiculaire à l'axe de l'outil passant par le sommet des dents considérées du côté du front de taille. Selon la présente invention les grandeurs D, H et d sont telles que d 1,8 H et 0,125 D<d<0,185 D. Application au forage des sols.Drilling tool having a diameter D, teeth of height H carried by knobs, irrigation means adapted to deliver at least one fluid irrigation jet through a calibrated orifice, the center of said jet at its exit from said orifice being located at a distance d from the plane perpendicular to the axis of the tool passing through the top of the teeth considered on the side of the working face. According to the present invention the quantities D, H and d are such that d 1.8 H and 0.125 D<d<0.185 D. Application to soil drilling.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8618415 | 1986-12-31 | ||
FR8618415A FR2609099B1 (en) | 1986-12-31 | 1986-12-31 | TILT JET DRILLING TOOL |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0296208A1 true EP0296208A1 (en) | 1988-12-28 |
EP0296208B1 EP0296208B1 (en) | 1992-04-01 |
Family
ID=9342477
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88900697A Expired - Lifetime EP0296208B1 (en) | 1986-12-31 | 1987-12-30 | Inclined jet drilling tool |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4886131A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0296208B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3778017D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2609099B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1988005107A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4989680A (en) * | 1980-03-24 | 1991-02-05 | Camco International Inc. | Drill bit having improved hydraulic action for directing drilling fluid |
US5096005A (en) * | 1990-03-30 | 1992-03-17 | Camco International Inc. | Hydraulic action for rotary drill bits |
US5244050A (en) * | 1992-04-06 | 1993-09-14 | Rock Bit International, Inc. | Rock bit with offset tool port |
US5785258A (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1998-07-28 | Vortexx Group Incorporated | Method and apparatus for conditioning fluid flow |
US5494124A (en) * | 1993-10-08 | 1996-02-27 | Vortexx Group, Inc. | Negative pressure vortex nozzle |
US5879057A (en) | 1996-11-12 | 1999-03-09 | Amvest Corporation | Horizontal remote mining system, and method |
US6571887B1 (en) * | 2000-04-12 | 2003-06-03 | Sii Smith International, Inc. | Directional flow nozzle retention body |
US7040423B2 (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2006-05-09 | Smith International, Inc. | Nozzle bore for high flow rates |
US7694608B2 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2010-04-13 | Smith International, Inc. | Method of manufacturing a matrix body drill bit |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2378938A1 (en) * | 1977-01-28 | 1978-08-25 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | SUCTION JET DRILLING TOOL |
US4106577A (en) * | 1977-06-20 | 1978-08-15 | The Curators Of The University Of Missouri | Hydromechanical drilling device |
FR2442954A1 (en) * | 1977-11-21 | 1980-06-27 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | IMPROVED SUCTION DRILLING TOOL |
FR2421270A2 (en) * | 1978-03-30 | 1979-10-26 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Drilling tool incorporating suction jet - creates pressure difference accelerating flow of debris-laden mud, keeping tool clean, increasing drilling speed and reducing wear |
FR2421271A2 (en) * | 1978-03-30 | 1979-10-26 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Drilling tool incorporating suction jet - creates pressure difference accelerating flow of debris-laden mud, keeping tool clean, increasing drilling speed and reducing wear |
CA1164855A (en) * | 1980-03-24 | 1984-04-03 | Philip A. Taylor | Rolling cutter drill bit |
US4351402A (en) * | 1980-05-27 | 1982-09-28 | Gonzalez Eduardo B | Body structure and nozzle for enhancing the flow of drilling fluid in a rotary drill bit |
SU1046466A1 (en) * | 1981-07-13 | 1983-10-07 | Vavrin Anton P | Drilling cutter bit |
US4784231A (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1988-11-15 | Dresser Industries, Inc. | Extended drill bit nozzle having side discharge ports |
-
1986
- 1986-12-31 FR FR8618415A patent/FR2609099B1/en not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-12-30 DE DE8888900697T patent/DE3778017D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-12-30 EP EP88900697A patent/EP0296208B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-12-30 US US07/257,308 patent/US4886131A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-12-30 WO PCT/FR1987/000522 patent/WO1988005107A1/en active IP Right Grant
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8805107A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0296208B1 (en) | 1992-04-01 |
DE3778017D1 (en) | 1992-05-07 |
US4886131A (en) | 1989-12-12 |
WO1988005107A1 (en) | 1988-07-14 |
FR2609099A1 (en) | 1988-07-01 |
FR2609099B1 (en) | 1989-12-08 |
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