EP0294336B1 - Chimney cowl - Google Patents

Chimney cowl Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0294336B1
EP0294336B1 EP88810363A EP88810363A EP0294336B1 EP 0294336 B1 EP0294336 B1 EP 0294336B1 EP 88810363 A EP88810363 A EP 88810363A EP 88810363 A EP88810363 A EP 88810363A EP 0294336 B1 EP0294336 B1 EP 0294336B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
outer casing
opening
casing
chimney
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP88810363A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0294336A3 (en
EP0294336A2 (en
Inventor
Gert Basten
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Basten Maria Sibylle
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Basten Maria Sibylle
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Priority to AT88810363T priority Critical patent/ATE59456T1/en
Publication of EP0294336A2 publication Critical patent/EP0294336A2/en
Publication of EP0294336A3 publication Critical patent/EP0294336A3/en
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Publication of EP0294336B1 publication Critical patent/EP0294336B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L17/00—Inducing draught; Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues
    • F23L17/02—Tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts; Terminals for flues

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a chimney cap with a pipe socket, an inner casing arranged at least approximately in the shape of a truncated pyramid and projecting upwards above the pipe socket, and an outer casing arranged coaxially with the latter and projecting upward from the inner casing and distanced from it with the formation of an annular chamber has approximately the shape of the outer surface of a regular prism or a truncated pyramid, at least some of the surfaces forming the outer surface being provided with at least one flow opening each.
  • the object of the present invention is, in particular, to create a chimney cap with the aid of which a noticeable improvement in keeping the pressure conditions in a chimney constant can be achieved even with the most extreme wind speeds and / or wind incidence directions.
  • a chimney cap of the type mentioned at the outset by associating these flow-through openings for deflecting a flow entering through them into a plane at least approximately parallel to the opening plane in the interior of the outer jacket, the end face of which facing the assigned flow-through opening is at least approximated corresponds to or is greater than the flow cross-section of the respective assigned flow opening, and that in order to deflect a flow entering through such a flow opening and then flowing directly along the inside of the outer casing towards the inside of the outer casing, on the inside of the outer casing projecting inwards away therefrom second flow deflection elements assigned to the individual flow openings are provided.
  • the surfaces forming the inner jacket are each provided with at least one flow opening, these flow openings being assigned to deflect a flow entering through them into a first flow deflection elements running inside the inner jacket and at least approximately parallel to this opening plane , whose end face facing the assigned throughflow opening corresponds at least approximately to or is greater than the throughflow cross section of the respective assigned throughflow opening, and that in order to deflect a flow that enters through such a throughflow opening and then flows directly along the inside of the inside jacket against the inside of the inside jacket, on the inside of the inner jacket, second flow deflection elements projecting inward from it and assigned to the individual throughflow openings are provided.
  • the first flow deflecting elements are designed as flaps which are increasingly open inwards and upwards at an angle with respect to the respective lateral surface, and this angle is preferably in a range from 15 to 35 ° .
  • the inner and / or the outer jacket for forming the second flow deflection elements is provided with ribs running along the corner edges formed between its side surfaces and directed into the interior of the inner or outer jacket, the height of which preferably increases towards the top, whereby it is expedient if the ribs are formed by inner beads, preferably at least 4 mm wide, running along the corner edges formed between the side surfaces of the inner or outer jacket.
  • the upper outlet opening of the inner jacket is at least approximately the same area as the cross section of the pipe socket.
  • the chimney attachment shown therein is provided with a pipe socket 1 to be inserted into the chimney outlet mouth, a truncated pyramid-shaped inner jacket 2, which projects above the pipe socket 1, and a coaxially arranged with the latter Inner jacket 2 protruding upward and provided by this outer jacket 4 to form an annular chamber 3 open at the bottom and top.
  • the outlet opening 6 of the inner casing 2 is approximately the same area as the flow cross-section of the pipe socket 1.
  • the lower edge 7 of the outer casing 4 is higher than the lower edge 8 of the inner casing 2, and the height H A of the outer casing 4 is greater than the height H I of the inner casing 4.
  • the inner and outer shells 2 and 4 have the shape of the shell of a truncated pyramid with eight flat side surfaces.
  • the inner and outer shells 2 and 4 are provided with inner beads 9 which run along the corner edges formed between its side faces 4 s (see FIGS. 2 and 3) and which at the same time form flow guide ribs 10 or 4 directed into the interior of the inner or outer casing 2, the height h of which increases towards the top.
  • the angle of inclination CX1 or ⁇ of the side surfaces of the inner and outer sheaths 2 and 4 are approximately the same size, the side edges of the inner and outer shells lying on corresponding diameter planes d.
  • the pipe socket 1 is connected to a cover and support plate 11 which is intended to rest on the chimney crown and which extends in a plane running perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 12 of the attachment.
  • the lower edge 8 of the inner jacket 2 extends down to just above the top of the cover and support plate 11.
  • the pipe socket 1 and the cover and support plate 11 are preferably made of a copper alloy and are connected to one another with good thermal conductivity. Furthermore, the pipe socket 1 is provided with thermal insulation 13 on its outside over its length extending above the cover and support plate 11.
  • the cover and support plate 11 is indirectly heated by the flue gas flowing through the pipe socket 1, so that any condensate dripping down from the inner jacket 2 onto the cover and support plate 11 is evaporated there.
  • the throughflow openings 18 and 18 'provided in the inner and outer sheaths 2 and 4 are deflected to deflect a wind flow 19 entering through them into at least one Approximately to the opening plane 4 s parallel plane in the interior of the inner or outer jacket 2 or 4 extending first flow deflection means are assigned, which are designed as flaps 20 which are increasingly open towards the inside and upwards at an angle ⁇ with respect to the respective jacket surface.
  • the inner and outer shells 2 and 4 are provided with ribs 10 which run along the corner edges formed between its side surfaces 4s and are directed into the interior of the inner and outer shells 2 and 4, respectively.
  • These ribs 10, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, are formed by inner beads 9 running along the corner edges of the lateral surfaces.
  • FIG. 4 shows a second exemplary embodiment with an outer jacket 4 ', the horizontal cross section of which has the shape of a regular prism.
  • a cylindrical flow guide part 15 the lower one of which extends above and is arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis 12 of the attachment and extends along this, is provided inside the upper part of the outer casing 4 ' Inlet opening 16 is flanged to the outside and, seen in the axial direction of the attachment, projects above the upper outlet opening 6 of the inner jacket 2, so that liquid on the outside of the flow guiding part 15 drips onto the outside of the inner jacket 2 and thus does not get into the interior of the chimney.
  • the flow guide tube 15 could also have the shape of a truncated cone shell which widens downward or some other suitable shape.
  • the radius of the inner circle of the base surface 17 of the inner shell 2 should preferably be 1.45 to 1.55 times as large as the radius of the inner circle of the top surface 6 of the inner shell.
  • the diameter of the inner circle of the base surface 17 of the inner shell 2 is, for example, 27 cm and the diameter of the inner circle of the top surface 6 of the inner shell 2 is, for example, 19.5 cm, that is to say the same as the diameter of the pipe socket 1, which is also 19.5 cm.
  • the height Hi of the inner jacket 2 is 17 cm.
  • the diameter of the cylindrical part of the flow guiding part 15 is also 19.5 cm, which means that this diameter is also identical to that of the pipe socket 1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

The chimney cowl is provided with a pipe connection piece (1), a truncated pyramid-shaped inner jacket (2) which projects upwards above the pipe connection piece (1), and a truncated pyramid-shaped outer jacket (4) which projects upwards above the inner jacket (2). In order, even in the most extreme wind strengths and wind incidence directions, to obtain as constant as possible pressure conditions in the outlet opening region of the chimney and to improve the separation of the waste gas plume from the chimney cowl, the surfaces forming the inner and the outer jacket (2 and 4 respectively) are each provided with a flow-through opening (18, 18'). These latter are assigned first flow deflection elements (20), the end surface (21) of which, which faces the associated flow-through opening (18, 18'), corresponds to the flow-through cross-section of the respective associated flow-through opening. On the inside of the inner and outer jacket (2, 4), there are arranged second flow deflection elements (10) which are assigned to these flow-through openings (18, 18') and project inwards. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schornsteinaufsatz mit einem Rohrstutzen, einem koaxial zu letzterem angeordneten, mindestens annähernd pyramidenstumpfförmigen Innenmantel der den Rohrstutzen nach oben überragt, sowie einem koaxial zu letzterem angeordneten, den Innenmantel nach oben überragenden und von diesem unter Bildung einer Ringkammer distanzierten Aussenmantel, der mindestens annähernd die Form der Mantelfläche eines regulären Prismas oder eines Pyramidenstumpfes aufweist, wobei mindestens einige der den Aussenmantel bildenden Flächen mit mindestens je einer Durchströmöffnung versehen sind.The invention relates to a chimney cap with a pipe socket, an inner casing arranged at least approximately in the shape of a truncated pyramid and projecting upwards above the pipe socket, and an outer casing arranged coaxially with the latter and projecting upward from the inner casing and distanced from it with the formation of an annular chamber has approximately the shape of the outer surface of a regular prism or a truncated pyramid, at least some of the surfaces forming the outer surface being provided with at least one flow opening each.

Schornsteinaufsätze der vorgenannten Art sind aus der PCT-Anmeldung mit der internationalen Veröffentlichungsnummer WO 86/06818 bekannt.Chimney caps of the aforementioned type are known from the PCT application with the international publication number WO 86/06818.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist insbesondere die Schaffung eines Schornsteinaufsatzes mit dessen Hilfe eine merkliche Verbesserung der Konstanthaltung der in einem Kamin herrschenden Druckverhältnisse selbst bei extremsten Windstärken und/oder Windeinfallsrichtungen erreicht werden kann.The object of the present invention is, in particular, to create a chimney cap with the aid of which a noticeable improvement in keeping the pressure conditions in a chimney constant can be achieved even with the most extreme wind speeds and / or wind incidence directions.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Schornsteinaufsatz der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäss dadurch erreicht, dass diesen Durchströmöffnungen zur Umlenkung einer durch diese eintretenden Strömung in eine mindestens angenähert zur Offnungsebene parallelen Ebene im Innern des Aussenmantels verlaufende erste Strömungsumlenkelemente zugeordnet sind, deren der zugeordneten Durchströmöffnung zugewandte Stirnfläche mindestens angenähert dem Durchströmquerschnitt der jeweiligen zugeordneten Durchströmöffnung entspricht oder grösser ist, und dass zur Umlenkung einer durch eine solche Durchströmöffnung eintretenden und anschliessend unmittelbar längs der Innenseite des Aussenmantels strömenden Strömung gegen das Innere des Aussenmantels zu, auf der Innenseite des Aussenmantels von diesem weg nach innen ragende, den einzelnen Durchströmöffnungen zugeordnete zweite Strömungsumlenkelemente vorgesehen sind.This object is achieved according to the invention in a chimney cap of the type mentioned at the outset by associating these flow-through openings for deflecting a flow entering through them into a plane at least approximately parallel to the opening plane in the interior of the outer jacket, the end face of which facing the assigned flow-through opening is at least approximated corresponds to or is greater than the flow cross-section of the respective assigned flow opening, and that in order to deflect a flow entering through such a flow opening and then flowing directly along the inside of the outer casing towards the inside of the outer casing, on the inside of the outer casing projecting inwards away therefrom second flow deflection elements assigned to the individual flow openings are provided.

Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn auch mindestens einige der den Innenmantel bildenden Flächen mit mindestens je einer Durchströmöffnung versehen sind, wobei diesen Durchströmöffnungen zur Umlenkung einer durch diese eintretenden Strömung in eine mindestens angenähert zu dieser Offnungsebene parallelen Ebene im Innern des Innenmantels verlaufende erste Strömungsumlenkelemente zugeordnet sind, deren der zugeordneten Durchströmöffnung zugewandte Stirnfläche mindestens angenähert dem Durchströmquerschnitt der jeweiligen zugeordneten Durchströmöffnung entspricht oder grösser ist, und dass zur Umlenkung einer durch eine solche Durchströmöffnung eintretenden und anschliessend unmittelbar längs der Innenseite des Innenmantels strömenden Strömung gegen das Innere des Innenmantels zu, auf der Innenseite des Innenmantels von diesem weg nach innen ragende, den einzelnen Durchströmöffnungen zugeordnete zweite Strömungsumlenkelemente vorgesehen sind.It is advantageous if at least some of the surfaces forming the inner jacket are each provided with at least one flow opening, these flow openings being assigned to deflect a flow entering through them into a first flow deflection elements running inside the inner jacket and at least approximately parallel to this opening plane , whose end face facing the assigned throughflow opening corresponds at least approximately to or is greater than the throughflow cross section of the respective assigned throughflow opening, and that in order to deflect a flow that enters through such a throughflow opening and then flows directly along the inside of the inside jacket against the inside of the inside jacket, on the inside of the inner jacket, second flow deflection elements projecting inward from it and assigned to the individual throughflow openings are provided.

Zur Erzielung einer möglichst einfachen Darstellung sowie einer optimalen Wirkung ist es zweckmässig, wenn die ersten Strömungsumlenkelemente als unter einem Winkel gegenüber der jeweiligen Mantelfläche nach innen sowie nach oben zunehmend geöffnete Klappen ausgebildet sind, und dieser Winkel vorzugsweise in einem Bereich von 15 bis 35° liegt. Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der Innen- und/oder der Aussenmantel zur Bildung der zweiten Strömungsumlenkelemente mit längs der zwischen seinen Seitenflächen gebildeten Eckkanten verlaufenden, in das Innere des Innen- respektive Aussenmantels gerichteten Rippen versehen ist, deren Höhe gegen oben vorzugsweise zunimmt, wobei es zweckmässig ist, wenn die Rippen durch längs der zwischen den Seitenflächen des Innenrespektive Aussenmantels gebildeten Eckkanten verlaufende, vorzugsweise mindestens 4mm breite Innensicken gebildet werden.To achieve the simplest possible representation and an optimal effect, it is expedient if the first flow deflecting elements are designed as flaps which are increasingly open inwards and upwards at an angle with respect to the respective lateral surface, and this angle is preferably in a range from 15 to 35 ° . It is advantageous if the inner and / or the outer jacket for forming the second flow deflection elements is provided with ribs running along the corner edges formed between its side surfaces and directed into the interior of the inner or outer jacket, the height of which preferably increases towards the top, whereby it is expedient if the ribs are formed by inner beads, preferably at least 4 mm wide, running along the corner edges formed between the side surfaces of the inner or outer jacket.

Um den Zug im Kamin möglichst nicht negativ zu beeinflussen ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die obere Austrittsöffnung des Innenmantels mindestens annähernd flächengleich mit dem Querschnitt des Rohrstutzens ist.In order not to negatively influence the draft in the chimney, it is advantageous if the upper outlet opening of the inner jacket is at least approximately the same area as the cross section of the pipe socket.

Zweckmässige Weiterausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Ansprüche 7 bis 16.Appropriate further developments of the invention are the subject of claims 7 to 16.

Nachstehend wird die Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung beispielsweise näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

  • Fig.1 einen Längsschnitt durch eine erste beispielsweise Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemässen Schornsteinaufsatzes;
  • Fig.2 einen Schnitt längs der Linie 11-11 in Figur 1;
  • Fig.3 in vergrössertem Massstab einen Ausschnitt aus Figur 2 zur Darstellung der Strömungsverhältnisse bei Wind; und
  • Fig.4 einen Längsschnitt durch eine zweite beispielsweise Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemässen Schornsteinaufsatzes.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing, for example. It shows:
  • 1 shows a longitudinal section through a first example embodiment of a chimney cap according to the invention;
  • 2 shows a section along the line 11-11 in Figure 1;
  • 3 shows, on an enlarged scale, a section from FIG. 2 to show the flow conditions in wind; and
  • 4 shows a longitudinal section through a second exemplary embodiment of a chimney cap according to the invention.

Wie aus den Figuren 1,2 und 3 ersichtlich, ist der darin dargestellte Schornsteinaufsatz mit einem in die Kaminaustrittsmündung einzuführenden Rohrstutzen 1, einem koaxial zu diesem angeordneten pyramidenstumpfförmigen Innenmantel 2, der den Rohrstutzen 1 nach oben überragt, sowie einem koaxial zu letzterem angeordneten, den Innenmantel 2 nach oben überragenden und von diesem unter Bildung einer unten und oben offenen Ringkammer 3 distanzierten Aussenmantel 4 versehen.As can be seen from FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the chimney attachment shown therein is provided with a pipe socket 1 to be inserted into the chimney outlet mouth, a truncated pyramid-shaped inner jacket 2, which projects above the pipe socket 1, and a coaxially arranged with the latter Inner jacket 2 protruding upward and provided by this outer jacket 4 to form an annular chamber 3 open at the bottom and top.

Zur Vermeidung eines negativen Einflusses auf den Zug im Schornstein ist die Austrittsöffnung 6 des Innenmantels 2 etwa flächengleich mit dem Durchströmquerschnitt des Rohrstutzens 1.To avoid a negative influence on the draft in the chimney, the outlet opening 6 of the inner casing 2 is approximately the same area as the flow cross-section of the pipe socket 1.

Zur Erzielung möglichst stabiler Druckverhältnisse im Mündungsbereich des Schornsteines liegt die Unterkante 7 des Aussenmantels 4 höher als die Unterkante 8 des Innenmantels 2, und die Höhe HA des Aussenmantels 4 ist grösser als die Höhe HI des Innenmantels 4.In order to achieve the most stable possible pressure conditions in the mouth area of the chimney, the lower edge 7 of the outer casing 4 is higher than the lower edge 8 of the inner casing 2, and the height H A of the outer casing 4 is greater than the height H I of the inner casing 4.

Um zu vermeiden, dass bei einer seitlichen Anströmung des Innen- und des Aussenmantels 2 bzw. 4 durch Wind die derart erzeugte Strömung sich um diese beiden Mäntel anlegt und über deren Umfang betrachtet recht unterschiedliche Druck verhältnisse bewirkt, weisen der Innen- und der Aussenmantel 2 bzw. 4 die Form des Mantels eines Pyramidenstumpfes mit acht ebenen Seitenflächen auf.In order to avoid that in the event of a lateral flow against the inner and outer sheaths 2 and 4 by wind, the flow generated in this way settles around these two shells and over their circumference viewed causes quite different pressure conditions, the inner and outer shells 2 and 4 have the shape of the shell of a truncated pyramid with eight flat side surfaces.

Zur Bildung weiterer die Erzeugung von Turbulenz und Strömungsabrissen fördernder Elemente ist der Innen- und der Aussenmantel 2 bzw. 4 mit längs der zwischen seinen Seitenflächen 4s (siehe Fig. 2 und 3) gebildeten Eckkanten verlaufenden, etwa 5mm breiten Innensicken 9 versehen, die gleichzeitig in das Innere des Innen- respektive Aussenmantels 2 respektive 4 gerichtete Strömungsführungsrippen 10 bilden, deren Höhe h gegen oben zunimmt.In order to form further elements which promote the generation of turbulence and stalling, the inner and outer shells 2 and 4 are provided with inner beads 9 which run along the corner edges formed between its side faces 4 s (see FIGS. 2 and 3) and which at the same time form flow guide ribs 10 or 4 directed into the interior of the inner or outer casing 2, the height h of which increases towards the top.

Der Neigungswinkel CX1 respektive αε der Seitenflächen des Innen- und des Aussenmantels 2 respektive 4 sind etwa gleich gross, wobei die Seitenkanten des Innen- und des Aussenmantels auf jeweils korrespondierenden Durchmesserebenen d liegen.The angle of inclination CX1 or αε of the side surfaces of the inner and outer sheaths 2 and 4 are approximately the same size, the side edges of the inner and outer shells lying on corresponding diameter planes d.

Ferner ist der Rohrstutzen 1 mit einer zur Auflage auf der Schornsteinkrone bestimmten Abdeck-und Tragplatte 11 verbunden, welche sich in einer senkrecht zur Aufsatzlängsachse 12 verlaufenden Ebene erstreckt. Die Unterkante 8 des Innenmantels 2 erstreckt sich bis unmittelbar oberhalb der Oberseite der Abdeck- und Tragplatte 11 hinunter.Furthermore, the pipe socket 1 is connected to a cover and support plate 11 which is intended to rest on the chimney crown and which extends in a plane running perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 12 of the attachment. The lower edge 8 of the inner jacket 2 extends down to just above the top of the cover and support plate 11.

Der Rohrstutzen 1 sowie die Abdeck- und Tragplatte 11 bestehen vorzugsweise aus einer Kupferlegierung und sind gut wärmeleitend miteinander verbunden. Ferner ist der Rohrstutzen 1 über seine oberhalb der Abdeck- und Tragplatte 11 sich erstreckende Länge auf seiner Aussenseite mit einer Wärmeisolierung 13 versehen.The pipe socket 1 and the cover and support plate 11 are preferably made of a copper alloy and are connected to one another with good thermal conductivity. Furthermore, the pipe socket 1 is provided with thermal insulation 13 on its outside over its length extending above the cover and support plate 11.

Auf diese Weise wird die Abdeck- und Tragplatte 11 indirekt durch das durch den Rohrstutzen 1 hindurchströmende Rauchgas beheizt, so dass allfälliges vom Innenmantel 2 auf die Abdeck- und Tragplatte 11 hinuntertropfendes Kondensat dort zum Verdunsten gebracht wird.In this way, the cover and support plate 11 is indirectly heated by the flue gas flowing through the pipe socket 1, so that any condensate dripping down from the inner jacket 2 onto the cover and support plate 11 is evaporated there.

Um nun selbst bei den extremsten Windstärken und Windeinfallswinkein praktisch konstant bleibende Druckverhältnisse im Austrittsmündungsbereich des Kamins zu erhalten, werden ndungsgemäss den im Innen- und Aussenmantel 2 bzw. 4 vorgesehenen Durchströmöffnungen 18 bzw. 18' zur Umlenkung einer durch diese eintretenden Windströmung 19 in eine mindestens angenähert zur Oeffnungsebene 4s parallelen Ebene im Innern des Innen- bzw. Aussenmantels 2 bzw. 4 verlaufende erste Strömungsumlenkmittel zugeordnet, die als unter einem Winkel β gegenüber der jeweiligen Mantelfläche nach innen sowie nach oben zunehmend geöffnete Klappen 20 ausgebildet sind.In order to maintain pressure conditions in the outlet opening area of the chimney that remain practically constant even at the most extreme wind strengths and angles of incidence, the throughflow openings 18 and 18 'provided in the inner and outer sheaths 2 and 4 are deflected to deflect a wind flow 19 entering through them into at least one Approximately to the opening plane 4 s parallel plane in the interior of the inner or outer jacket 2 or 4 extending first flow deflection means are assigned, which are designed as flaps 20 which are increasingly open towards the inside and upwards at an angle β with respect to the respective jacket surface.

Die der zugeordneten Durchströmöffnung 18 zugewandte Stirnfläche 21 dieser Klappen 20 entspricht praktisch dem Durchströmquerschnitt der jeweiligen zugeordneten Durchströmöffnung 18. Zur weiteren Umlenkung einer durch eine solche Durchströmöffnung 18 eintretenden und anschliessend unmittelbar längs der Innenseite des Innen- bzw. Aussenmantels 2 bzw. 4 strömenden Strömung gegen das Innere des Innen- bzw. Aussenmantels 2 bzw. 4 zu sind auf der Innenseite der letzteren von diesen weg nach innen ragende, den einzelnen Durchströmöffnungen 18 zugeordnete Strömungsumlenkelemente 10 vorgesehen.The end face 21 of these flaps 20 facing the assigned flow opening 18 practically corresponds to the flow cross section of the respective assigned flow opening 18. For further deflection of a flow entering through such a flow opening 18 and then flowing directly along the inside of the inner or outer jacket 2 or 4 against the inside of the inner or outer shell 2 or 4 are provided on the inside of the latter, projecting from the latter inward, the individual flow openings 18 associated flow deflection elements 10.

Der Innen- und der Aussenmantel 2 bzw. 4 sind zur Bildung der zweiten Strömungsumlenkelemente mit längs der zwischen seinen Seitenflächen 4s gebildeten Eckkanten verlaufenden, in das Innere des Innen- respektive Aussenmantels 2 bzw. 4 gerichteten Rippen 10 versehen. Diese Rippen 10 werden wie insbesondere aus Figur 3 ersichtlich, durch längs der Eckkanten der Mantelflächen verlaufenden Innensicken 9 gebildet.To form the second flow deflecting elements, the inner and outer shells 2 and 4 are provided with ribs 10 which run along the corner edges formed between its side surfaces 4s and are directed into the interior of the inner and outer shells 2 and 4, respectively. These ribs 10, as can be seen in particular from FIG. 3, are formed by inner beads 9 running along the corner edges of the lateral surfaces.

In Figur 4 ist ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel mit einem Aussenmantel 4' dargestellt, dessen horizontaler Querschnitt die Form eines regulären Prismas aufweist.FIG. 4 shows a second exemplary embodiment with an outer jacket 4 ', the horizontal cross section of which has the shape of a regular prism.

Zu dem in den Figuren 1, 2 und 3 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel analoge Teile sind mit den gleichen Überweisungszeichen versehen, so dass sich eine nochmalige Beschreibung dieser analogen Teile erübrigt.Parts analogous to the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are provided with the same reference symbols, so that a repeated description of these analog parts is unnecessary.

Um absolut sicher zu vermeiden, dass selbst bei extremsten Windverhältnissen kein Regen in den Kamin gelangt, wird im Innern des Oberteiles des Aussenmantels 4' ein diesen nach oben überragender, koaxial zur Aufsatzlängsachse 12 angeordneter und längs dieser sich erstreckender zylindrischer Strömungsführungsteil 15 vorgesehen, dessen untere Eintrittsöffnung 16 nach aussen umgebördelt ist und in achsialer Richtung des Aufsatzes gesehen die obere Austrittsöffnung 6 des Innenmantels 2 überragt, so dass auf der Aussenseite des Strömungsführungsteiles 15 sich niederschlagende Flüssigkeit auf die Aussenseite des Innenmantels 2 abtropft und dadurch nicht in das Kamininnere gelangt.In order to ensure with absolute certainty that even in the most extreme wind conditions, no rain gets into the chimney, a cylindrical flow guide part 15, the lower one of which extends above and is arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis 12 of the attachment and extends along this, is provided inside the upper part of the outer casing 4 ' Inlet opening 16 is flanged to the outside and, seen in the axial direction of the attachment, projects above the upper outlet opening 6 of the inner jacket 2, so that liquid on the outside of the flow guiding part 15 drips onto the outside of the inner jacket 2 and thus does not get into the interior of the chimney.

Selbstverständlich könnte das Strömungsführungsrohr 15 auch die Form eines nach unten sich erweiternden Kegelstumpfmantels oder eine andere geeignete Form aufweisen.Of course, the flow guide tube 15 could also have the shape of a truncated cone shell which widens downward or some other suitable shape.

Eingehende Strömungsuntersuchungen haben ergeben, dass zur Erzielung möglichst optimaler konstanter Druckverhältnisse im Kamin folgende Bemessungsverhältnisse eingehalten werden sollten:In-depth flow studies have shown that the following design ratios should be adhered to in order to achieve the best possible constant pressure conditions in the chimney:

Der Radius des Innenkreises der Grundfläche 17 des Innenmantels 2 sollte vorzugsweise 1,45 bis 1,55 mal so gross sein wie der Radius des Innenkreises der Deckfläche 6 des Innenmantels. Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel beträgt der Durchmesser des Innenkreises der Grundfläche 17 des Innenmantels 2 beispielsweise 27cm und der Durchmesser des Innenkreises der Deckfläche 6 des Innenmantels 2 beispielsweise 19,5cm, das heisst gleichviel wie der Durchmesser des Rohrstutzens 1, der ebenfalls 19,5cm beträgt. Die Höhe Hi des Innenmantels 2 beträgt 17cm.The radius of the inner circle of the base surface 17 of the inner shell 2 should preferably be 1.45 to 1.55 times as large as the radius of the inner circle of the top surface 6 of the inner shell. In the illustrated embodiment, the diameter of the inner circle of the base surface 17 of the inner shell 2 is, for example, 27 cm and the diameter of the inner circle of the top surface 6 of the inner shell 2 is, for example, 19.5 cm, that is to say the same as the diameter of the pipe socket 1, which is also 19.5 cm. The height Hi of the inner jacket 2 is 17 cm.

Der Durchmesser des zylindrischen Teiles des Strömungsführungsteiles 15 beträgt ebenfalls 19,5cm, das heisst, dieser Durchmesser ist ebenfalls identisch mit demjenigen des Rohrstutzens 1.The diameter of the cylindrical part of the flow guiding part 15 is also 19.5 cm, which means that this diameter is also identical to that of the pipe socket 1.

Die übrigen Bemessungskriterien können den Ansprüchen 16 und 17 entnommen werden.The other design criteria can be found in claims 16 and 17.

Durch diese Formgebung des Innen- und Aussenmantels zusammen mit den geöffneten Aussenleitflächen der beiden letzteren wird in Verbindung mit der Umlenkung einer allfälligen Windströmung im Innern des derart ausgebildeten Schornsteinaufsatzes die Wirkung einer Beruhigungs- und Ausgleichkammer im Austrittsmündungsbereich des Schornsteines erzielt. Auf diese Weise wird insbesondere bei stark zunehmenden Windgeschwindigkeiten der ohne einen solchen Schornsteinaufsatz sonst im Schornstein um ein Vielfaches steigende Unterdruck (Zug), wie eingehende Windkanalversuche bewiesen haben, über einen grossen Einsatzbereich nahezu konstant gehalten.This shape of the inner and outer shell together with the open outer guide surfaces of the latter two, in conjunction with the deflection of any wind flow inside the chimney cap designed in this way, achieves the effect of a calming and compensation chamber in the outlet area of the chimney. In this way, especially in the case of rapidly increasing wind speeds, the vacuum (draft) that would otherwise increase many times in the chimney without such a chimney cap, as has been proven by extensive wind tunnel tests, is kept almost constant over a large area of application.

Claims (17)

1. A chimney cowl comprising a pipe connecting piece (1), an inner casing (2) which is arranged coaxially with the pipe connecting piece (1), at least approximately has the shape of a truncated pyramid, and projects upwardly beyond the pipe connecting piece (1), and comprising an outer casing (4) which is arranged coaxially with the inner casing (2), projects upwardly beyond the inner casing (2) and is spaced therefrom so as to form an annular chamber (3), and which at least approximately has the shape of the outer surface of a regular prism or a truncated pyramid, wherein at least some of the surfaces which form the outer casing (4) are each provided with at least one through-flow opening (18'), characterised in that in order to deflect a flow entering through the through-flow opening (18') into a plane at least approximately parallel to the opening plane, the through-flow openings (18') are assigned first flow deflecting elements (20) which extend inside the outer casing (4) and the end face (21) of which, which is directed towards the assigned through-flow opening (18'), at least approximately corresponds to, or is greater than, the through-flow cross-section of the respective assigned through-flow opening, and that in order to deflect a flow, which enters through such a through-flow opening (18') and then flows directly along the inside of the outer casing (4), towards the interior of the outer casing (4), second flow deflecting elements (10), which project inwards away from the outer casing (4) and are assigned to the individual through-flow openings (18'), are arranged on the inside of the outer casing (4).
2. A chimney cowl as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that at least some of the surfaces which form the inner casing (2) are each provided with at least one through-flow opening (18), wherein, in order to deflect a flow entering through the through-flow openings (18) into a plans which is at least approximately parallel to this opening plane, the said through-flow openings (18) are assigned first flow deflecting elements (20) which extend inside the inner casing (2) and the end face of which, which is directed towards the assigned through-flow opening (18), corresponds at least approximately to, or is greater than, the through-flow cross-section of the respective assigned through-flow opening, and that in order to deflect a flow, which enters through such a through-flow opening (18) and then flows directly along the inside of the inner casing (2), towards the interior of the inner casing (2), second flow deflecting elements (10), which project inwards away from the inner casing (2) and are assigned to the individual through-flow openings (18), are arranged on the inside of the inner casing (2).
3. A chimney cowl as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the first flow deflecting elements are in the form of flaps (20) which open by an increasing amount inwardly and upwardly at an angle (p) relative to the respective outer surface, and this angle is preferably in a range from 15 to 35°.
4. A chimney cowl as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that in order to form the second flow deflecting elements the inner and/or outer ra- sing (2, 4) is provided with ribs (10) which extend along the corner edges formed between its side surfaces and which are directed into the interior of the inner and/or outer casing and the height (h) of which preferably increases in the upwards direction.
5. A chimney cowl as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the ribs (9) are formed by internal beads (9) which extend along the corner edges formed between the side surfaces of the inner and/or outer casing and the width of which is preferably at least 4 mm.
6. A chimney cowl as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the upper outlet opening (6) of the inner casing (2) is at least approximately equal in area to the cross-section of the pipe connecting piece (1).
7. A chimney cowl as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the lower edge (7) of the outer casing (4) is higher than the lower edge (8) of the inner casing (2) and the height (HA) of the outer casing (4) is greater than the height (HI) of the inner casing (2).
8. A chimney cowl as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the outer casing (4) and/or the inner casing (2) has at least approximately the shape of the outer surface of a truncated pyramid with eight side surfaces.
9. A chimney cowl as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the angles of inclination (α1, a2) of the side surfaces of the inner and the outer casing (2, 4) are at least approximately equal, wherein the side edges of the inner and the outer casing are preferably located on respective corresponding diametral planes (d).
10. A chimney cowl as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in the the pipe connecting piece (1) is connected to a covering- and supporting plate (11) which is intended to rest on the chimney crown and which extends in a plane running at right angles to the longitudinal axis (12) of the cowl, and that the lower edge (8) of the inner casing (2) extends downwards at least approximately to the upper side of the covering and supporting plate (11).
11. 4 chimney cowl as claimed in Claim 10, characterised in that the pipe connecting piece (1) and the covering- and supporting plate (11) are made of metal, preferably a copper alloy, and are connected to one another so as to be highly thermally conductive, and that the pipe connecting piece (1) is provided on its exterior with a thermal insulation (13) along that part of its length which extends above the covering-and supporting plate (11).
12. A chimney cowl as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the internal radius of the base surface of the inner and/or the outer casing (2, 4) is 1.35 to 1.65 times, preferably 1.45 to 1.55 times as large as the internal radius of the top surface of the inner and/or outer casing (2, 4).
13. A chimney cowl as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the through-flow cross-section of the upper outlet opening (5) of the outer casing (4) is 1.0 to 1.45, preferably 1.0 to 1.3 times, as great as the through-flow cross-section of the pipe connecting piece (1).
1A. A chimney cowl as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that inside the upper part of the outer casing (4') is arranged a tubular, preferably cylindrical, flow guidance component (15) which projects upwardly beyond the outer casing (4') and is arranged so as to be coaxial with, and to extend along, the longitudinal axis (12) of the cowl, where the lower inlet opening (16) of said flow guidance component (15), viewed in the axial direction of the cowl, projects beyond the upper outlet opening (6) of the inner casing (2), and its upper outlet opening (17) 15 spaced from the lower side of the covering component (14).
15. A chimney cowl as claimed in Claim 14, characterised in that the cross-section of the cylindrical component (15') is at least approximately equal in area to the cross-section of the pipe connecting piece (1) and its lower inlet component (15") is bent outwards.
16. A chimney cowl as claimed in one of Claims 14 and 15, characterised in that the height (Hs) of the flow guidance component (15) corresponds to 0.2 to 0.4 times, preferably 0.25 to 0.29 times the height (HA) of the outer casing (4'), that the outlet side (17) of the flow guidance component (15) projects beyond the outlet opening of the outer casing (4') by a distance which corresponds to 0.06 to 0.1 times, preferably 0.07 to 0.09 times, the internal diameter of the pipe connecting piece (1), the covering component (14) is arranged above the outlet opening of the outer casing by a distance which corresponds to 0.22 to 0.5 times, preferably 0.35 to 0.42 times, the internal diameter of the pipe connecting piece (1), and the covering component (14), viewed in plan, projects beyond the outlet opening of the outer casing (4').
17. A chimney cowl as claimed in one of claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the through-flow openings (18, 18') are arranged preferably in the centre of the individual side surfaces of the inner- and/or outer casing (2, 4), extend along at least approximately one third of their height, and their width (e) is in a range of between 35 to 55% the width (f) of the assigned side surfaces (4s).
EP88810363A 1987-06-03 1988-06-03 Chimney cowl Expired - Lifetime EP0294336B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88810363T ATE59456T1 (en) 1987-06-03 1988-06-03 CHIMNEY TOP.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2103/87A CH674047A5 (en) 1987-06-03 1987-06-03
CH2103/87 1987-06-03

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0294336A2 EP0294336A2 (en) 1988-12-07
EP0294336A3 EP0294336A3 (en) 1989-04-05
EP0294336B1 true EP0294336B1 (en) 1990-12-27

Family

ID=4225943

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88810363A Expired - Lifetime EP0294336B1 (en) 1987-06-03 1988-06-03 Chimney cowl

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0294336B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE59456T1 (en)
CH (1) CH674047A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3861428D1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4447143A1 (en) * 1994-12-29 1996-07-11 Manfred Ruhland Fuel gas chimney with jacket flue section

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE28587C (en) * L. PlTSCH, Königlicher Kreis-Bau-Inspektor in Montjoie Windbreak and ventilation device
GB191312719A (en) * 1913-05-31 1914-03-26 William Cairns Improvements in or relating to Chimney and Ventilating Shaft Tops.
US1406321A (en) * 1914-09-14 1922-02-14 Harmon J Yeldham Ventilator
CH615495A5 (en) * 1977-08-05 1980-01-31 Paul Henriod Chimney cowl
DE3237216C2 (en) * 1982-10-07 1986-09-25 Inventina AG, Landquart Chimney top for central heating systems with atomizing burners
DE8511683U1 (en) * 1985-04-19 1985-07-04 Live GmbH, 5401 St Goar Chimney top

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0294336A3 (en) 1989-04-05
ATE59456T1 (en) 1991-01-15
CH674047A5 (en) 1990-04-30
EP0294336A2 (en) 1988-12-07
DE3861428D1 (en) 1991-02-07

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