EP0292418A1

EP0292418A1 - Jigs for the learning of proportion in artistic drawings

Info

Publication number: EP0292418A1
Application number: EP88500044A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Antonino Ascacibar Guillen; Mercedes Ascacibar De Torres
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1987-05-20
Filing date: 1988-05-06
Publication date: 1988-11-23
Also published as: ES1000522U; ES1000522Y

Abstract

Pairs of sheets, some called originals (1). They are transparent and have different sizes with references (2, 3) at several levels. To arrange on the models to reproduce. The others called reproduction sheets have different sizes or fractions but with similar references to the original ones. These could be used under the paper by transparence, or on the paper so as to reproduce the references through the perforations.

Description

The aim of this descriptive memorandum is the declaration of the object whose exclusive industrial and commercial exploitation privilege we apply for in all the States which are nowadays contrating parties in the Agreement of Munich (5th October 1973) according to the rules contained in the prevailing Agreement about the concession of European Patents.
The invention we are dealing with, and whose title is "JIGS FOR THE LEARNING OF PROPORTION IN ARTISTING DRAWING", is meant to improve the already known techniques, offering solutions which surpass the traditional ones, as we will describe throughout this memorandum.
The goal of ths invention contents is the constitution of jigs which facilitate the copy of drawings, figures...etc, on paper and different materails, not only in full (normal) size, but also in other sizes, increased or reduced depending on what you prefer. It's aimed to students and its use incorporates a pedagogical baggage as we will describe throughout this memorandum.
To reach this objectives the invention makes use of two sets of jigs, one of which we will call original jig and the other reproduc- tion jig. The original jigs are transparent; i.e. made of plastic and have a series of lines, settings and reference points which we will call "references", which are similar on the different jigs.
The "references" on these "original" sheets may be printed to occupy all of the surface of the sheet; i.e. there'll be graphic marks all over the surface of the sheet; but they won't take up the whole surface providing for blank spaces that will allow the student to make his own sketch of the model to draw. In any case, the "references" may be varied and indeterminate in the way we will describe below this specification.
The reproduction jigs consist of another set of sheets, either transparent or not, e.g. made of plastic, also supplied in different sizes. They are similar amongst themselves and to the original jigs. Each one of this jigs counts with the same series of printed lines, reference points, settings and references as the original jigs so that there is a matching reproduction sheet for each original sheet; this being either of the same or different size.
The proper use of this jigs (for the learning of the technique of proportion) involves the arrangement of one original sheet on the object to reproduce when this object is defined on a plan e.g. on an original sheet so that its references are superposed on the model.
A drawing paper is placed on the corresponding reproduction sheet which shows a strong contrast between its colouring and the black reference lines printed on it. Thus, these references can be clearly seen on the drawing paper. The drawing paper will usually be ordinary paper, which enables the transfer of the references to the drawing paper.
The student then proceeds to draw the figure of the model framed in the original sheet with the aid of the lines, points of reference etc ... Also printed on the reproduction sheet, which allow for an easier location of the details to sketch.
When the object to draw is not printed and it's not possible to superpose the original sheet, these are used with a frame whose correct positioning enables to frame the model. In this case, the student will have to take his position of obsever of the model as a reference for reproduction, in the way painters do when framing the object to paint. To suitthis purpose, the reproduction sheet will be transparent and perforated as described below.
In both cases, and on a higher level of difficulty, the sheets are completed with other sets of jigs similar to the ones des- cribed; but with less printed lines of references. These are aimed at progressive work with an increasing level of difficulty for the stu- dent. I. E. the set is completed with other sets of original jigs with a progressive diminution of the number of references, which are always a part of the complete set both in shape and location, and which are used as the student makes progress. The reproduction sheets are always provided with the whole set of references.
When using these "greater difficulty" original jig, and once the author has finished his work, he procedes to change this for the ordi- nary original jig, of the same size and with all the printed referen- ces. Thus, he can carry out a work of self-criticism, spotting any errors and concentrating his efforts on their correction.
When the drawing has to be done on thick drawing paper which does not allow for transparency, the reference lines can be drawn on this paper by means of a perforated reproduction jig comprised in the set. This jig is transparent and perforated at specific points of reference , wich enables to transfer them to the drawing paper using a pencil with which we mark the reference points for further complete of partial drawing of the reference lines.
We have so far described the following:

1- The "original sheets" which are transparent and have reference points, lines, etc ...
2- Other sheets called "reproduction sheets" with matching reference points, lines, etc ... which are not transparent and on which the drawing paper is arranged so that its reference lines show on the drawing paper.
3- A second type of reproduction sheets which are transparentand have perforated reference points which allow for superposition on thick drawing paper on which the reference points are marked with the help of a pencil used through the perforated points.

With regard to these perforated reproduction sheets, we have to point out that key may be pierced only on a fourth or half of the area of the basic sheet, depending on the symmetry (axis) with respect to a complete sheet of larger size, usually twice to four times bigger than the standard sheet. By turning these sheets once or twice on the side which constitutes the axis we can avoid the use of reproduction sheets which are too big. The standard size ones can thus suit sizes twice or four times bigger than the reproduction sheet.
In order to facilitate a better understanding of the features of this invention, and as a means of illustration, we attach a sheet of drawings on which the following are illustrated:

Fig. 1 & 2 - Show two original sheets arranged on the model of the draw each one of them corresponding to different levels of reference in accordance with the invention.
Fig. 3 - Shows a reproduction sheet, which can be larger, smaller or similar to the original one, in accordance with the invention.
Fig. 4 - Shows a drawing sheet on which we can see the reference lines on the reproduction sheet.
Fig. 5 - Shows a transparent reproduction sheet on which angle, singular and corner point have been marked and which will be conveniently perforated

The description of all these figures is in different sizes so as to allow the student to reproduce the model in its original size or other sizes.
With reference to these drawings, we must first note the original transparent sheet (1), which shows a number of references marked with lines (2), points (3)-(3a)-(3b) ... etc which take up the sheet surface. This arrangement provides the non-entire occupation of such surface. This original sheet is arranged on the model to draw (4) (fig. 1st & 2nd).
The reproduction sheet (5) correspondin to fig. 3rd enables the student to draw the strokes (7) corresponding to the work carried out from model (4) on the drawing sheet (6) fig. 4, arranged on the reproduction sheet.
As it was formerly mentioned, the drawing sheet (6) will enable the student to see the refernces lines on the reproduction sheet, making it clear again that in case of thick drawing paper, we can supply sheets with the reference sheets already printed (same as the reproduction sheet) (5) or transparent reproduction sheet (8) (fig. 5), with a number of perforations (9) which would allow for marking on the thick drawing sheet.
In this figure 5, we can clearly appreciate the points which can be perforated, which are those of position (10), twelve angular points, those of position (11), four singular points, those of position (12) four singular points and those of position (13), four points on the sheet outer apices. We insist again that the references lines on the original sheet and the reproduction sheet will be provided with large blank spaces so as to stimulate the student's creativity. In addition to that, we will also supply other sheets, both original and reproduction, with greater difficulty, where part of the reference lines on the basic sheets have disappeared.
It's worthwhile emphasizing, once its nature and advantages have been described, the non-restrictive character of this invention and so the changes in shape, material or size of its constituent parts will not alter its essence at all, as long as they don't entail a significant variation in the set.
Likewise, the applicant, sticking to the International Agreements on Industrial Property certifies his right to the extension this application to foreign countries, claiming its priority.

NOTE

The inventions, which imply novelty and stand to obtain the european patent, will have to fall to JIGS FOR THE LEARNING OF PROPORTION IN ARTISTIC DRAWING, in accordance with the following:

Claims

1- JIGS FOR THE LEARNING OF PROPORTION IN ARTISTIC DRAWING: are characterized by the combination of pairs of jigs. One of the components of the pair the original is transparent, made of plastic or similar and has a series of lines, points and framings on its surface and is arranged on the model to reproduce. The second component the reproduction sheet which has lines, points and framings matching the ones on the original sheet is made of non-transparent material, so that the printing can be seen through the drawing paper. Thus, one can draw the model wich appears on the original sheet on the non transparent reproduction sheet. A second type of reproduction sheet is made of transparent material and has reference marks and specific perforations at singualr points. These are used on thick sheets of drawing paper. Besides, the original jigs can be framed and used for the framing of the model when this is taken from real life; i.e. not printed.

2- JIGS FOR THE LEARNING OF PROPORTION IN ARTISTIC DRAWING, in accordance with the previous claim, characterized by the fact that we supply pairs of original reproduction sheets with different scales of lines and points for reproduction of models or objects at different sizes.

3- JIGS FOR THE LEARNING OF PROPORTION IN ARTISTIC DRAWING, in according with the claims above, characterized by the fact that they are completed with other pairs of jigs - original and reproduction - on wich only part of the series of lines and dots of the complete jig are shown for the purpose of greater difficulty.

4- JIGS FOR THE LEARNING OF PROPORTION IN ARTISTIC DRAWING, in accordance with the previous claims, characterized by the fact that these perforations may be done only on part of the surface of the sheet, this surface being always a submultiple of 2 or 4 in such a way that they can be turned on one side - the one which constitutes the simmetry axis - in order to suit different drawing paper sizes.

5- JIGS FOR THE LEARNING OF PROPORTION IN ARTISTIC DRAWING, everything, such as has been described in the present MEMORANDUM which consist of 11 typed pages, accompanied by the corresponding drawings.