EP0283300A1 - Paper coating - Google Patents
Paper coating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0283300A1 EP0283300A1 EP88302386A EP88302386A EP0283300A1 EP 0283300 A1 EP0283300 A1 EP 0283300A1 EP 88302386 A EP88302386 A EP 88302386A EP 88302386 A EP88302386 A EP 88302386A EP 0283300 A1 EP0283300 A1 EP 0283300A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- paper
- printing
- weight
- pigment
- smectite
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
- B41M5/52—Macromolecular coatings
- B41M5/5218—Macromolecular coatings characterised by inorganic additives, e.g. pigments, clays
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/38—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments
- D21H19/40—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments siliceous, e.g. clays
Definitions
- This invention relates to coated paper suitable for printing by a gravure, particulary a rotogravure process of an offset lithography process, to a method of preparing the coated paper and to a method of printing using such a coated paper.
- Gravure printing is a form of intaglio printing, i.e. printing which uses a plate or cylinder into the surface of which the subject matter to be printed is etched or engraved.
- a liberal film of fluid printing ink is applied to the whole printing surface and the surface is then wiped, for example by a doctor blade, in order to remove all the ink from the unindented parts of the surface leaving ink only in the indentations or cells.
- Paper in a continuous web or in separate sheets is then pressed into contact with the inked surface in order to receive an impression of the subject matter.
- Gravure printing paper is typically coated with a pigment consisting predominantly of calcium carbonate or a layer lattice silicate such a kaolin clay. Neither calcium carbonate nor kaolin clays swell appreciably in water and aqueous coating compositions comprising such pigments may contain a relatively high proportion of the pigment without becoming unworkable due to high viscosity.
- a paper coated with such a pigment will typically have a coat weight of at least 5 gm ⁇ 2 and normally in the range of from 5 to 15gm ⁇ 2. It has previously been considered impractical to use a smectite-type clay as the primary pigment in paper-coating owing to its tendency to swell in water and to viscosify the coating suspension, even at relatively low solids contents. Moreover, many smectite-type clays do not posses the desirable degree of whiteness necessary to be usable as paper coating pigments.
- An offset lithography machine In offset lithography printing an inked image is first printed on a rubber sleeve or "blanket" surrounding a metal cylinder and then transferred to paper.
- An offset lithography machine generally has three main rolls, a plate roll round which is fastened a metal printing plate, a blanket roll and an impression roll which biases the paper in contact with the blanket roll.
- the printing plate first comes into contact with a series of moistening rollers which cause the non-printing areas of the plate to retain water.
- the printing plate then passes beneath inking rollers which apply ink to the areas of the plate to be printed.
- the water-retaining, non-printing areas reject the greasy printing ink.
- US-4549930 describes an un-coated paper, suitable for rotogravure printing with water-immiscible inks containing an organic solvent, in which the cellulosic fibres of the paper are partially or totally enveloped by a clay hydrogel, the clay being hydratable, colloidal and film-forming.
- EP-0046416 discloses an ink jet recording sheet comprising a paper support which may be applied on at least one surface with a composition comprising polyvinylpyrrolidone, a vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer or a mixture thereof, and a white filler. Although a number of so-called “white-fillers” are suggested, the only ones exemplified are talc and calcium carbonate.
- GB-2039789 discloses an electrostatic imaging sheet, one surface of which is electrically conductive and the other side of which either has a continuous dielectric layer comprising a mixture of a smectite clay and an electrically insulating polymer or has a layer of a smectite clay which forms a barrier between the electrically conductive layer and a dielectric layer of an insulating polymer. It is evident from the examples that the smectite clay forms only a very small proportion of the total pigment in the coating applied to the sheet.
- GB-933928 discloses a method of making copies from hectographic printing master sheets.
- the copy sheets which are moistened with a solvent before printing, are coated, inter alia , with a composition comprising a bentonite and a binder.
- a method of gravure printing comprising printing onto paper coated with a composition including a pigment which consists predominantly of a water-swellable smectite-type clay, the coat weight being no greater than 5 gm ⁇ 2.
- a gravure printing paper provided with a coating including a pigment consisting predominantly of a water-swellable smectite-type clay, the coat weight being no greater than 5 gm ⁇ 2.
- the smectite clay may be bentonite, montmorillonite, hectorite, saponite or fullers earth, but especially preferred is a natural bentonite which has, or has been treated to have, predominantly sodium ions in its exchangeable cation sites.
- the coat weight is no greater than 1 gm ⁇ 2 and is typically of the order of 0.5 gm ⁇ 2.
- the pigment consists predominantly of the smectite-type clay.
- the pigment comprises at least 70% by weight, more preferably 80% by weight and most preferably more than 90% by weight of the smectite-type clay.
- the pigment is wholly smectite-type clay.
- Any secondary pigment present may be of the conventional type, for instance kaolin clay or calcium carbonate.
- the coating may also include an adhesive which assists in binding the clay particles to each other and to the sheet member of the paper.
- the adhesive may be any conventional adhesive used in paper coating, for example, starch, latex, casein, gelatine or other synthetic resin latexes. Particularly advantageous results have been obtained when the adhesive is starch or latex.
- a method of preparing a printing paper which comprises the step of applying to the surface of a cellulosic sheet material an aqueous suspension comprising up to 20% by weight of a pigment which consists predominantly of a water-swellable smectite-type clay, the suspension being applied in an amount sufficient to provide a coating on the sheet material having a coast weight no greater than 5 gm ⁇ 2.
- the aqueous suspension will contain less than 10% by weight of the pigment.
- the aqueous suspension of the smectite clay may also contain an adhesive to assist in bonding the clay to the fibres of the cellulosic sheet; but this is not essential as it is found that adquate adhesion of the clay to the cellulosic fibres is achieved in the absence of an adhesive.
- an adhesive it is found that for a paper intended for rotogravure printing a starch or a latex adhesive is preferred and especially an acrylic copolymer latex.
- any conventional adhesive is operable.
- the quantity of adhesive used will be in the range from 1 to 300 parts by weight of dry polymer to 100 parts by weight of dry smectite clay.
- Hand-coated paper sheets were prepared by coating sheets of a Scandinavian supercalendered magazine paper of substance weight 60 gm ⁇ 2 by means of a wire-wound bar which was wound with a wire of diameter 15 microns and thus adapted to provide a coat weight in the range from 0.25 gm ⁇ 2 to 0.5 gm ⁇ 2.
- the hand-coated sheets were coated with one of the following two coating compositions:-
- a further measurement of print density was performed on the reverse side of the paper in the region of the solid black area in order to determine the degree of "strike through" of the printing ink.
- a Scandinavian base paper of substance weight 57 gm ⁇ 2 was coated by means of laboratory coating machine of the type described in British Patent Specification No. 1032536 with paper coating compositions which consisted of suspensions containing varying quantities of Wyoming sodium bentonite in water.
- two coating compositions were used which contained 9% by weight of the bentonite and 5% by weight and 10% by weight respectively of a paper coating adhesive which was a 50% by weight latex of an acrylic copolymer, each percentage by weight representing the percentage of dry copolymer based on the weight of dry bentonite.
- a rotogravure printing base paper of substance weight 60 gm ⁇ 2 was coated by means of the laboratory coating apparatus used in examples 2 and 3 running at a speed of 400 m.min ⁇ 1 with compositions containing various proportions by weight of a European bentonite having sodium and calcium exchangeable cations, together with, in most cases, either a starch paper coating adhesive or an acrylic copolymer latex adhesive.
- a supercalendered newsprint paper of substance weight 39 gm ⁇ 2 was coated by means of the laboratory paper coating apparatus used in Examples 2 and 3 running at a speed of 400 m min ⁇ 1 with a composition consisting of a suspension of 5% by weight of a European bentonite having sodium and calcium exchangeable cations.
- Samples of the coated paper were tested for offset lithography printing properties by means of an IGT Model AC2 printability tester.
- the paper samples were clipped to the moving sector of the instrument which was set to move at a constant velocity of 1 ms ⁇ 1.
- An aluminium alloy damping roll of face width 25 mm and a rubber covered printing roll of face width 20 mm were rotatably and removably mounted on spindles provided on the fixed part of the instrument with the damping roll contacting the surface of the paper sample 70 mm in advance of the line of contact of the printing roll with the paper surface in the sense of the direction of relative motion betwen the sector bearing the paper sample and the rolls.
- each paper sample was printed with a strip of solid colour 20 mm in width, the first 70 mm being printed on dry paper and the remaining 140 mm on prewetted paper.
- the damping roll was biased against the paper sample with a force of 25 kg and the printing roll was biased against the sample with a force of 50 kg. Both the damping roll and the printing roll had an overall diameter of 68 mm.
- the damping roll was loaded with a substantially identical weight of water, namely approximately 0.6 g of water per square metre of roll surface area by condensation of water vapour on the surface of the roll.
- the damping roll was placed in a refrigerator having an internal temperature of -8 ⁇ 1°C and a coiled temperature probe connected to a digital thermometer was placed in the central spindle hole of the roll.
- a desiccator in which a humidity of 55% RH was maintained by means of a saturated solution of sodium dichromate.
- the temperature of the atmosphere in the thermometer had fallen to +5°C the roll was transfered to a desiccator in which a humidity of 55% RH was maintained by means of a saturated solution of sodium dichromate.
- the temperature of the atmosphere in the laboratory was controlled at 20 ⁇ 1°C.
- the roll was left in the desiccator for a time of 1 minute 55 seconds and the printability test was performed after another 5 seconds using a printing roll which had been pre-inked with Ault & Wiberg 4-Colour Process Gloss Magenta offset lithography ink.
- the block of solid colour printed on the dry and prewetted areas, respectively, of the paper samples was tested for print gloss by means of a Hunterlab Glossmeter Model D16 and at an angle of 75° with the normal to the paper surface in accordance with TAPPI Standard NO.T480ts-65, the mean of five determinations for each area being recorded.
- the block of solid colour printed on the dry and prewetted areas, respectively was also tested for print density by means of a Macbeth RD514 Reflection Densitometer, in this case, the means of ten determinations for each area being recorded.
Abstract
There is disclosed a method of gravure printing comprising printing onto paper coated with a composition including a pigment which consists predominantly of a water-swellable smectite-type clay, the coat weight being no greater than 5 gm⁻².
Also disclosed is a printing paper suitable for gravure printing and a method of preparing such a printing paper.
Description
- This invention relates to coated paper suitable for printing by a gravure, particulary a rotogravure process of an offset lithography process, to a method of preparing the coated paper and to a method of printing using such a coated paper.
- Gravure printing is a form of intaglio printing, i.e. printing which uses a plate or cylinder into the surface of which the subject matter to be printed is etched or engraved. A liberal film of fluid printing ink is applied to the whole printing surface and the surface is then wiped, for example by a doctor blade, in order to remove all the ink from the unindented parts of the surface leaving ink only in the indentations or cells. Paper in a continuous web or in separate sheets is then pressed into contact with the inked surface in order to receive an impression of the subject matter.
- Gravure printing paper, is typically coated with a pigment consisting predominantly of calcium carbonate or a layer lattice silicate such a kaolin clay. Neither calcium carbonate nor kaolin clays swell appreciably in water and aqueous coating compositions comprising such pigments may contain a relatively high proportion of the pigment without becoming unworkable due to high viscosity. A paper coated with such a pigment will typically have a coat weight of at least 5 gm⁻² and normally in the range of from 5 to 15gm⁻². It has previously been considered impractical to use a smectite-type clay as the primary pigment in paper-coating owing to its tendency to swell in water and to viscosify the coating suspension, even at relatively low solids contents. Moreover, many smectite-type clays do not posses the desirable degree of whiteness necessary to be usable as paper coating pigments.
- In offset lithography printing an inked image is first printed on a rubber sleeve or "blanket" surrounding a metal cylinder and then transferred to paper. An offset lithography machine generally has three main rolls, a plate roll round which is fastened a metal printing plate, a blanket roll and an impression roll which biases the paper in contact with the blanket roll. The printing plate first comes into contact with a series of moistening rollers which cause the non-printing areas of the plate to retain water. The printing plate then passes beneath inking rollers which apply ink to the areas of the plate to be printed. The water-retaining, non-printing areas reject the greasy printing ink.
- In gravure printing if the printing paper has small areas which are not in contact with the edges of the recessed cells of the printing plate, ink will not be drawn out of those cells on to the paper and the result will be "missing data" or "speckle". In order to overcome this problem the paper must either be perfectly smooth and level ("mirror smooth") or its surface must be compressible to enable it to conform exactly to the surface of the printing plate.
- In offset lithography printing the desirable properties for a suitable paper are:
- 1. Good dimensional stability when wet to avoid displacement of the print image between the application of difference colours in a multi-colour process.
- 2. resistance to "pick", i.e. the removal of part of the coating under the action of forces operating in the printing process. This is important because a) the separation forces between the paper surface and the offset blanket are high, b) the coated paper surface is weakened by moisture, c) very tacky printing inks are used.
- 3. Resistance to "linking", i.e. the deposition of paper fibres or dislodged coating pigment particles on the offset blanket.
- 4. Good ink absorption which enables the ink to dry and set quickly to avoid unwanted set-off of the ink.
- By contrast with gravure printing papers, the smoothness and gloss of offset lithography papers has little effect on the efficiency of printing ink transfer although the visual appearance of a print image on a smooth glossy paper will be very different from that on a matt paper. Also it is not necessary for an offset lithography paper to be compressible because the offset blanket itself is so deformable.
- It has been proposed in EP-0192252 to treat a cellulosic sheet material, especially paper, in order to improve the hold-out of printing ink containing an organic solvent, by incorporating in the cellulosic fibre pulp from which the sheet material is prepared or by applying to the surface of the sheet material an organophilic complex of a smectite clay having a cation exchange capacity of at least 50 milliequivalents/100 g and an organic group derived from an onium compound. The organophilic cation-modified smectite clay forms a barrier film by reacting with the solvent in the printing ink.
- US-4549930 describes an un-coated paper, suitable for rotogravure printing with water-immiscible inks containing an organic solvent, in which the cellulosic fibres of the paper are partially or totally enveloped by a clay hydrogel, the clay being hydratable, colloidal and film-forming.
- EP-0046416 discloses an ink jet recording sheet comprising a paper support which may be applied on at least one surface with a composition comprising polyvinylpyrrolidone, a vinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer or a mixture thereof, and a white filler. Although a number of so-called "white-fillers" are suggested, the only ones exemplified are talc and calcium carbonate.
- GB-2039789 discloses an electrostatic imaging sheet, one surface of which is electrically conductive and the other side of which either has a continuous dielectric layer comprising a mixture of a smectite clay and an electrically insulating polymer or has a layer of a smectite clay which forms a barrier between the electrically conductive layer and a dielectric layer of an insulating polymer. It is evident from the examples that the smectite clay forms only a very small proportion of the total pigment in the coating applied to the sheet.
- GB-933928 discloses a method of making copies from hectographic printing master sheets. The copy sheets, which are moistened with a solvent before printing, are coated, inter alia, with a composition comprising a bentonite and a binder.
- According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of gravure printing comprising printing onto paper coated with a composition including a pigment which consists predominantly of a water-swellable smectite-type clay, the coat weight being no greater than 5 gm⁻².
- According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a gravure printing paper provided with a coating including a pigment consisting predominantly of a water-swellable smectite-type clay, the coat weight being no greater than 5 gm⁻².
- The smectite clay may be bentonite, montmorillonite, hectorite, saponite or fullers earth, but especially preferred is a natural bentonite which has, or has been treated to have, predominantly sodium ions in its exchangeable cation sites.
- Most preferably, the coat weight is no greater than 1 gm⁻² and is typically of the order of 0.5 gm⁻².
- As mentioned above, the pigment consists predominantly of the smectite-type clay. Preferably, the pigment comprises at least 70% by weight, more preferably 80% by weight and most preferably more than 90% by weight of the smectite-type clay. In many cases, the pigment is wholly smectite-type clay. Any secondary pigment present may be of the conventional type, for instance kaolin clay or calcium carbonate.
- The coating may also include an adhesive which assists in binding the clay particles to each other and to the sheet member of the paper.
- The adhesive may be any conventional adhesive used in paper coating, for example, starch, latex, casein, gelatine or other synthetic resin latexes. Particularly advantageous results have been obtained when the adhesive is starch or latex.
- According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing a printing paper which comprises the step of applying to the surface of a cellulosic sheet material an aqueous suspension comprising up to 20% by weight of a pigment which consists predominantly of a water-swellable smectite-type clay, the suspension being applied in an amount sufficient to provide a coating on the sheet material having a coast weight no greater than 5 gm⁻².
- Preferably, the aqueous suspension will contain less than 10% by weight of the pigment.
- In carrying out the method of gravure printing according to the present invention the aqueous suspension of the smectite clay may also contain an adhesive to assist in bonding the clay to the fibres of the cellulosic sheet; but this is not essential as it is found that adquate adhesion of the clay to the cellulosic fibres is achieved in the absence of an adhesive. When an adhesive is used it is found that for a paper intended for rotogravure printing a starch or a latex adhesive is preferred and especially an acrylic copolymer latex. However, any conventional adhesive is operable. Generally the quantity of adhesive used will be in the range from 1 to 300 parts by weight of dry polymer to 100 parts by weight of dry smectite clay.
- The invention is further illustrated by the following Examples.
- Hand-coated paper sheets were prepared by coating sheets of a Scandinavian supercalendered magazine paper of substance weight 60 gm⁻² by means of a wire-wound bar which was wound with a wire of diameter 15 microns and thus adapted to provide a coat weight in the range from 0.25 gm⁻² to 0.5 gm⁻².
- The hand-coated sheets were coated with one of the following two coating compositions:-
- 1. A suspension of 5% by weight of an organoclay in toluene. the organoclay was prepared by reacting a refined Wyoming sodium bentonite with 105 meq/100 g of bentonite of a mixture of quaternary ammonium compounds consisting of 75 mol % of dimethyl di(hydrogenated tallow) ammonium chloride and 25 mol % of dimethyl benzyl (hydrogenated tallow) ammonium chloride.
- 2. A suspension of 2.5% by weight of the same refined Wyoming bentonite in water.
- A further measurement of print density was performed on the reverse side of the paper in the region of the solid black area in order to determine the degree of "strike through" of the printing ink.
- As a comparison the same test were performed on sheets of the un-coated magazine paper.
- The results obtained are set forth in Table 1 below:
- Further samples of coated paper were prepared using a laboratory paper coating apparatus of the type described in British Patent Specification No. 1032536. Two different base papers were used namely.
- 1. A French offset printing wood free paper of substance weight 90 gm⁻².
- 2. A Scandinavian web supercalendered offset printing paper of substance weight 52 gm⁻².
- In addition the degree of "speckle" in the half tone area of each print was determined by estimating the percentage of gravure printing dots which were missing from the test print.
- As a comparison the same tests were performed on un-coated samples of the two base papers.
-
- A Scandinavian base paper of substance weight 57 gm⁻² was coated by means of laboratory coating machine of the type described in British Patent Specification No. 1032536 with paper coating compositions which consisted of suspensions containing varying quantities of Wyoming sodium bentonite in water. In addition two coating compositions were used which contained 9% by weight of the bentonite and 5% by weight and 10% by weight respectively of a paper coating adhesive which was a 50% by weight latex of an acrylic copolymer, each percentage by weight representing the percentage of dry copolymer based on the weight of dry bentonite.
-
- A rotogravure printing base paper of substance weight 60 gm⁻² was coated by means of the laboratory coating apparatus used in examples 2 and 3 running at a speed of 400 m.min⁻¹ with compositions containing various proportions by weight of a European bentonite having sodium and calcium exchangeable cations, together with, in most cases, either a starch paper coating adhesive or an acrylic copolymer latex adhesive.
- The rotogravure printing tests for the gloss of the solid black printed area and the print density of the solid black area were performed as described in Example 1 and the gloss of an un-printed area of each coated sample was measured by the TAPPI Standard Method No.T480ts-65.
-
- These results show that bentonite and either a starch adhesive or an acrylic copolymer latex exhibit a synergistic effect. The gloss and print density of the solid black printed area obtained with about 2% by weight of bentonite and a relatively small quantity of either starch or latex in the coating composition are approximately equivalent to the results which are obtained with a coating composition containing 9% by weight of bentonite alone.
- A supercalendered newsprint paper of substance weight 39 gm⁻² was coated by means of the laboratory paper coating apparatus used in Examples 2 and 3 running at a speed of 400 m min⁻¹ with a composition consisting of a suspension of 5% by weight of a European bentonite having sodium and calcium exchangeable cations.
- Samples of the coated paper were tested for offset lithography printing properties by means of an IGT Model AC2 printability tester. The paper samples were clipped to the moving sector of the instrument which was set to move at a constant velocity of 1 ms⁻¹. An aluminium alloy damping roll of face width 25 mm and a rubber covered printing roll of face width 20 mm were rotatably and removably mounted on spindles provided on the fixed part of the instrument with the damping roll contacting the surface of the paper sample 70 mm in advance of the line of contact of the printing roll with the paper surface in the sense of the direction of relative motion betwen the sector bearing the paper sample and the rolls. As a result of this configuration each paper sample was printed with a strip of solid colour 20 mm in width, the first 70 mm being printed on dry paper and the remaining 140 mm on prewetted paper. During operation the damping roll was biased against the paper sample with a force of 25 kg and the printing roll was biased against the sample with a force of 50 kg. Both the damping roll and the printing roll had an overall diameter of 68 mm.
- Before each test the damping roll was loaded with a substantially identical weight of water, namely approximately 0.6 g of water per square metre of roll surface area by condensation of water vapour on the surface of the roll. The damping roll was placed in a refrigerator having an internal temperature of -8±1°C and a coiled temperature probe connected to a digital thermometer was placed in the central spindle hole of the roll. When the temperature recorded by the thermometer had fallen to +5°C the roll was transferred to a desiccator in which a humidity of 55% RH was maintained by means of a saturated solution of sodium dichromate. The temperature of the atmosphere in the thermometer had fallen to +5°C the roll was transfered to a desiccator in which a humidity of 55% RH was maintained by means of a saturated solution of sodium dichromate. The temperature of the atmosphere in the laboratory was controlled at 20±1°C. The roll was left in the desiccator for a time of 1 minute 55 seconds and the printability test was performed after another 5 seconds using a printing roll which had been pre-inked with Ault & Wiberg 4-Colour Process Gloss Magenta offset lithography ink.
- The block of solid colour printed on the dry and prewetted areas, respectively, of the paper samples was tested for print gloss by means of a Hunterlab Glossmeter Model D16 and at an angle of 75° with the normal to the paper surface in accordance with TAPPI Standard NO.T480ts-65, the mean of five determinations for each area being recorded.
- The block of solid colour printed on the dry and prewetted areas, respectively was also tested for print density by means of a Macbeth RD514 Reflection Densitometer, in this case, the means of ten determinations for each area being recorded.
-
Print density = log₁₀ (1/reflectance)
Where the reflectance is the fraction of the incident light of wavelength 574 nm reflected back from the black area.
Claims (14)
1. A paper suitable for gravure printing provided with a coating including a pigment consisting predominantly of a water-swellable smectite-type clay, the coat weight being no greater than 5 gm⁻².
2. A paper according to Claim 1, wherein the coat weight is no greater than 1 gm⁻².
3. A paper according to Claim 2 or 3, wherein the pigment comprises at least 70% by weight of the smectite-type clay.
4. A paper according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the pigment comprises at least 80% by weight of the smectite-type clay.
5. A paper according to anyone of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the coating composition comprises an adhesive.
6. A paper according to Claim 5, wherein the adhesive is a starch or a latex.
7. A method of preparing a paper suitable for gravure printing which comprises the step of applying to the surface of a cellulosic sheet material an aqueous suspension comprising up to 20% by weight of a pigment which consists predominantly of a water-swellable smectite-type clay, the suspension being applied in an amount sufficient to provide a coating on the sheet material having a coat weight no greater than 5 gm⁻².
8. A method according to Claim 7, wherein the suspension further comprises an adhesive.
9. A method according to Claim 8, wherein the adhesive is a starch or a latex.
10. A method of gravure printing comprising printing onto paper coated with a composition including a pigment which consists predominantly of a water-swellable smectite-type clay, the coat weight being no greater than 5 gm⁻².
11. A method according to Claim 10, wherein the coat weight is no greater than 1 gm⁻².
12. A method according to Claim 10 or 11, wherein the pigment comprises at least 70% by weight of the smectite-type clay.
13. A method according to Claim 10, 11 or 12, wherein the pigment comprises at least 80% by weight of the smectite-type clay.
14. A method according to any one of claims 10 to 13. wherein the coating composition comprises an adhesive.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB8706634 | 1987-03-20 | ||
GB878706634A GB8706634D0 (en) | 1987-03-20 | 1987-03-20 | Paper coating |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0283300A1 true EP0283300A1 (en) | 1988-09-21 |
Family
ID=10614313
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88302386A Withdrawn EP0283300A1 (en) | 1987-03-20 | 1988-03-18 | Paper coating |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0283300A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPS646194A (en) |
BR (1) | BR8801272A (en) |
FI (1) | FI881227A (en) |
GB (2) | GB8706634D0 (en) |
NO (1) | NO881225L (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0572037A1 (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1993-12-01 | Süd-Chemie Ag | Coating pigment |
DE4438306A1 (en) * | 1994-10-26 | 1996-05-02 | Sued Chemie Ag | Pigments for print media using the inkjet printing process |
US5529622A (en) * | 1995-04-10 | 1996-06-25 | United Catalysts Inc. | Process for treatment of clay for use as a paper coating pigment |
EP0811719A1 (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1997-12-10 | United Catalysts, Inc. | Coating composition for paper and paper boards containing starch and smectite clay |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4400609A1 (en) * | 1994-01-12 | 1995-07-13 | Haindl Papier Gmbh | Thin paper and process for its preparation |
KR100375888B1 (en) * | 2000-08-01 | 2003-03-15 | 이석기 | A method for preparation of water borne coating contained water swellable clay |
JP4873973B2 (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2012-02-08 | 日本製紙株式会社 | Method for producing coated paper for gravure printing and coated paper |
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DE736450C (en) * | 1940-08-01 | 1943-06-17 | Johannes Bauer Dipl Ing | Process for the production of coated papers |
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GB762744A (en) * | 1953-12-04 | 1956-12-05 | Gen Cigar Co | Improvements in and relating to cigarette papers |
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US3855147A (en) * | 1972-05-26 | 1974-12-17 | Nl Industries Inc | Synthetic smectite compositions, their preparation, and their use as thickeners in aqueous systems |
EP0192252A1 (en) * | 1985-02-22 | 1986-08-27 | Institut für Papier-,Zellstoff-und Fasertechnik der Technischen Universität Graz | Method for improving the holdout of printing inks, lacquers and coating compositions on sheetlike structures made of fibers and for improving the deinking of the fibers composition for implementing the method, and sheetlike structures produced therewith |
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US2699432A (en) * | 1951-05-26 | 1955-01-11 | Ncr Co | Paper coating compositions comprising an adhesive, an alkali metal silicate, and an attapulgite or zeolite material |
DE1119302B (en) * | 1959-07-11 | 1961-12-14 | Gerhard Ritzerfeld | Process for the production of impressions of printing forms with an ink supply of triphenylmethane dyes |
NL301277A (en) * | 1962-12-03 | |||
US3468698A (en) * | 1965-01-05 | 1969-09-23 | Mead Corp | Process of producing pigment coated paper |
US3582519A (en) * | 1966-05-12 | 1971-06-01 | Mead Corp | Coating compositions and lithographic plates made therefrom |
GB2039789B (en) * | 1978-11-13 | 1983-04-13 | Fellows A | Electrostatic imaging sheet |
CA1186574A (en) * | 1980-08-20 | 1985-05-07 | Mutsuaki Murakami | Ink jet recording sheet |
-
1987
- 1987-03-20 GB GB878706634A patent/GB8706634D0/en active Pending
-
1988
- 1988-03-15 FI FI881227A patent/FI881227A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-03-18 NO NO881225A patent/NO881225L/en unknown
- 1988-03-18 GB GB08806416A patent/GB2202464A/en active Pending
- 1988-03-18 EP EP88302386A patent/EP0283300A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-03-21 BR BR8801272A patent/BR8801272A/en unknown
- 1988-03-22 JP JP63067981A patent/JPS646194A/en active Pending
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US2213643A (en) * | 1938-10-11 | 1940-09-03 | Vanderbilt Co R T | Coated fibrous sheet materials |
DE736450C (en) * | 1940-08-01 | 1943-06-17 | Johannes Bauer Dipl Ing | Process for the production of coated papers |
US2451362A (en) * | 1945-03-28 | 1948-10-12 | Henry A Johnson | Lining composition and container wall lined therewith |
GB762744A (en) * | 1953-12-04 | 1956-12-05 | Gen Cigar Co | Improvements in and relating to cigarette papers |
US3508952A (en) * | 1967-06-28 | 1970-04-28 | Grace W R & Co | Coated paper article and process therefor |
GB1363563A (en) * | 1972-01-21 | 1974-08-14 | Scm Corp | Electroconductive paper |
US3855147A (en) * | 1972-05-26 | 1974-12-17 | Nl Industries Inc | Synthetic smectite compositions, their preparation, and their use as thickeners in aqueous systems |
EP0192252A1 (en) * | 1985-02-22 | 1986-08-27 | Institut für Papier-,Zellstoff-und Fasertechnik der Technischen Universität Graz | Method for improving the holdout of printing inks, lacquers and coating compositions on sheetlike structures made of fibers and for improving the deinking of the fibers composition for implementing the method, and sheetlike structures produced therewith |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0572037A1 (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1993-12-01 | Süd-Chemie Ag | Coating pigment |
DE4217779A1 (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1993-12-02 | Sued Chemie Ag | Coating pigment |
US5423911A (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1995-06-13 | Sud-Chemie A.G. Aktiengesellschaft | Coating pigment for cellulose - based printing media |
DE4438306A1 (en) * | 1994-10-26 | 1996-05-02 | Sued Chemie Ag | Pigments for print media using the inkjet printing process |
US5529622A (en) * | 1995-04-10 | 1996-06-25 | United Catalysts Inc. | Process for treatment of clay for use as a paper coating pigment |
EP0737724A2 (en) * | 1995-04-10 | 1996-10-16 | United Catalysts, Inc. | Process for the treatment of clay for use as a paper coating pigment |
EP0737724A3 (en) * | 1995-04-10 | 1997-05-28 | United Catalysts Inc | Process for the treatment of clay for use as a paper coating pigment |
EP0811719A1 (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1997-12-10 | United Catalysts, Inc. | Coating composition for paper and paper boards containing starch and smectite clay |
US5858076A (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1999-01-12 | Albion Kaolin Company | Coating composition for paper and paper boards containing starch and smectite clay |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS646194A (en) | 1989-01-10 |
GB8706634D0 (en) | 1987-04-23 |
GB2202464A (en) | 1988-09-28 |
NO881225D0 (en) | 1988-03-18 |
NO881225L (en) | 1988-09-21 |
GB8806416D0 (en) | 1988-04-20 |
FI881227A0 (en) | 1988-03-15 |
BR8801272A (en) | 1988-10-25 |
FI881227A (en) | 1988-09-21 |
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