EP0280852A2 - Wall or wall element for safety devices such as vaults, safety doors, safes or the like - Google Patents
Wall or wall element for safety devices such as vaults, safety doors, safes or the like Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0280852A2 EP0280852A2 EP88100594A EP88100594A EP0280852A2 EP 0280852 A2 EP0280852 A2 EP 0280852A2 EP 88100594 A EP88100594 A EP 88100594A EP 88100594 A EP88100594 A EP 88100594A EP 0280852 A2 EP0280852 A2 EP 0280852A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- wall
- bodies
- element according
- wall element
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
- E04C5/073—Discrete reinforcing elements, e.g. fibres
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
- E04C5/012—Discrete reinforcing elements, e.g. fibres
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05G—SAFES OR STRONG-ROOMS FOR VALUABLES; BANK PROTECTION DEVICES; SAFETY TRANSACTION PARTITIONS
- E05G1/00—Safes or strong-rooms for valuables
- E05G1/02—Details
- E05G1/024—Wall or panel structure
Definitions
- the invention relates to a wall or a wall element of the type in question for security devices such as safes, security doors, safes or the like.
- a wall of the type in question in which a wire mesh is arranged in a concrete layer, in the spaces between which are arranged in a plane and regularly distributed containers closed by lids, in which there are balls of drilling-resistant material.
- the containers adjoin a plate that closes the wall inwards.
- This known wall structure has the disadvantage that the system of arranging the balls that oppose the drilling resistance is relatively easy to identify, so that drilling operations can be carried out specifically in order to be able to remove the balls as quickly as possible.
- the containers are cylindrical, so that there are relatively large spaces between the balls and the container, whereby the structure of the wall is weakened. Finally, the effort for the arrangement of the drilling-resistant balls is relatively large.
- a wall for a safety device in which a metal plate is held at a distance on a concrete layer by means of anchors.
- a layer of balls made of drilling-resistant material which are embedded in a layer of mastic.
- the concrete layer faces the outside, on which there is an additional metal plate.
- the concrete layer can be penetrated relatively easily since the drill-resistant balls are only arranged behind the concrete layer. After penetrating the concrete layer, the core can be removed relatively easily, so that the layer with the balls is then exposed and can be removed.
- This known wall therefore has only a relatively low level of security. The effort is also considerable.
- the invention has for its object to provide a wall or a wall element of the type in question for security devices such as safes, security doors, safes or the like, which does not have the disadvantages of the known walls and wall elements, which therefore offers a high degree of security and at the same time is simple Structure is and can also be easily manufactured.
- the basic idea of the teaching according to the invention is to no longer arrange the drill-resistant bodies in an ordered manner as previously, but to distribute them spatially irregularly, so that during a drilling attack there is no possibility of adapting the drill, usually a crown drill, to a specific ordering system of the drill-resistant ones Body advantageous to set.
- the irregular spatial distribution of the drilling-resistant bodies can be achieved in a very simple and cost-saving manner by adding the hard-drilling bodies to the building material, for example concrete, before pouring the wall. It is readily possible to adjust the concrete so that the irregular spatial distribution resulting from the mixing is maintained after pouring until solidification.
- the drilling-resistant bodies can have different shapes or different sizes from one another, which further contributes to the fact that no particular system of size and arrangement of high-resistant bodies can be identified; because it is not there.
- drilling-resistant bodies in a manner known per se to be rotationally symmetrical, the form of balls, cylinders, cones, truncated cones or barrels being particularly expedient.
- bodies in the form of granules or grit in the layer of building material in addition to introducing a further irregularity.
- a particularly expedient development of the invention consists in that the bodies are each encased by a layer of material which allows the bodies to move in the building material during a drilling attack.
- This material can e.g. are plastic, plastic foam, wax, paint or the like.
- Such a material allows rotation, in particular if it additionally softens under the heat generated during drilling so that it exerts a sliding or lubricating effect.
- the drilling-resistant bodies may be expedient to envelop the drilling-resistant bodies in a hollow and / or from a layer with a material with a low volume weight, in particular foam. This makes it possible to ensure that the coated, drilling-resistant bodies, especially in the layer of building material or concrete, have no buoyancy until they have solidified, that is to say they remain in suspension and thereby precisely maintain their irregular distribution caused by the mixing process.
- a casing of the drilling-resistant bodies can at the same time protect them against corrosion. It is also expedient if the drilling-resistant bodies are connected with thin wires, threads or the like, which keep the bodies in the desired spatially irregular distribution when the building material or concrete is poured.
- a layer 1 of concrete body 2 which form short cylindrical pieces and consist of drilling-resistant material, which can be cast iron, steel or artificial or natural hard material. Both the spatial arrangement and the alignment of the bodies 2 are irregular.
- the bodies 2, which cannot be seen from the drawing, are coated with a thin layer of wax, which protects the bodies 2 against corrosion and also allows mobility, in particular rotation of the bodies 2, when a drill bit comes into contact with them . As a result, the drill bit is hindered or damaged in a known manner.
- Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a wall in a representation similar to Fig. 2, wherein in a layer 3 made of concrete in a spatially irregular distribution and sometimes also irregular alignment various types of drilling-resistant bodies are arranged, namely cylinder 4, smaller cylinders 5, balls 6, 7 and 8 of different sizes as well as truncated cones 9 and barrel 10 and 11. All bodies are in turn encased in wax, which is not visible in the drawing.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)
- Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Wand oder ein Wandelement der betreffenden Art für Sicherheitseinrichtungen wie Tresore, Sicherheitstüren, Geldschränke oder dergleichen.The invention relates to a wall or a wall element of the type in question for security devices such as safes, security doors, safes or the like.
Durch die FR-OS 84 11728 ist eine Wand der betreffenden Art bekannt, bei der in einer Betonschicht ein Drahtgewebe angeordnet ist, in dessen Zwischenräume in einer Ebene und regelmäßig verteilt durch Deckel verschlossene Behälter angeordnet sind, in denen sich Kugeln aus bohrwiderstandsfähigem Material befinden. Die Behälter grenzen dabei an eine die Wand nach innen abschließende Platte. Dieser bekannte Wandaufbau hat den Nachteil, daß das System der Anordnung der dem Bohren Widerstand entgegensetzenden Kugeln verhältnismäßig leicht erkennbar ist, so daß Bohrangriffe gezielt durchgeführt werden können, um möglichst schnell die Kugeln entfernen zu können. Die Behälter sind zylindrisch, so daß sich zwischen den Kugeln und dem Behälter verhältnismäßig große Zwischenräume ergeben, wodurch der Aufbau der Wand geschwächt wird. Schließlich ist der Aufwand für die Anordnung der bohrwiderstandsfähigen Kugeln verhältnismäßig groß.From FR-OS 84 11728 a wall of the type in question is known, in which a wire mesh is arranged in a concrete layer, in the spaces between which are arranged in a plane and regularly distributed containers closed by lids, in which there are balls of drilling-resistant material. The containers adjoin a plate that closes the wall inwards. This known wall structure has the disadvantage that the system of arranging the balls that oppose the drilling resistance is relatively easy to identify, so that drilling operations can be carried out specifically in order to be able to remove the balls as quickly as possible. The containers are cylindrical, so that there are relatively large spaces between the balls and the container, whereby the structure of the wall is weakened. Finally, the effort for the arrangement of the drilling-resistant balls is relatively large.
Durch die FR-OS 2 355 151 ist eine Wand für eine Sicherheitseinrichtung bekannt, bei der an einer Betonschicht mittels Ankern im Abstand eine Metallplatte gehalten ist. Unmittel bar benachbart zu der Betonschicht befindet sich eine Schicht von Kugeln aus bohrwiderstandsfähigem Material, die in eine Schicht aus Mastix eingelagert sind. Zwischen dieser Schicht aus Mastix und der Metallplatte befinden sich zusätzlich Hartmetallkörper. Die Betonschicht ist der Außenseite zugewandt, auf der sich zusätzlich eine weitere Metallplatte befindet. Bei einem Bohrangriff von außen kann die Betonschicht verhältnismäßig leicht durchdrungen werden, da die bohrwiderstandsfähigen Kugeln erst hinter der Betonschicht angeordnet sind. Nach dem Durchdringen der Betonschicht läßt sich der Bohrkern verhältnismäßig leicht entfernen, so daß dann die Schicht mit den Kugeln freiliegt und entfernt werden kann. Diese bekannte Wand hat daher nur einen verhältnismäßig geringen Sicherheitsgrad. Außerdem ist der Aufwand beträchtlich.From FR-OS 2 355 151 a wall for a safety device is known in which a metal plate is held at a distance on a concrete layer by means of anchors. Immediately Bar adjacent to the concrete layer is a layer of balls made of drilling-resistant material, which are embedded in a layer of mastic. There are additional hard metal bodies between this layer of mastic and the metal plate. The concrete layer faces the outside, on which there is an additional metal plate. In the event of a drilling attack from the outside, the concrete layer can be penetrated relatively easily since the drill-resistant balls are only arranged behind the concrete layer. After penetrating the concrete layer, the core can be removed relatively easily, so that the layer with the balls is then exposed and can be removed. This known wall therefore has only a relatively low level of security. The effort is also considerable.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Wand oder ein Wandelement der betreffenden Art für Sicherheitseinrichtungen wie Tresore, Sicherheitstüre Geldschränke oder dergleichen zu schaffen, die die Nachteile der bekannten Wände und Wandelemente nicht aufweist, die also einen hohen Grad an Sicherheit bietet und gleichzeitig einfach im Aufbau ist und auch einfach hergestellt werden kann.The invention has for its object to provide a wall or a wall element of the type in question for security devices such as safes, security doors, safes or the like, which does not have the disadvantages of the known walls and wall elements, which therefore offers a high degree of security and at the same time is simple Structure is and can also be easily manufactured.
Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe wird durch die im Kennzeichen des Anspruchs 1 angegebene Lehre gelöst.The object on which the invention is based is achieved by the teaching specified in the characterizing part of
Der Grundgedanke der erfindungsgemäßen Lehre besteht darin, die bohrwiderstandsfähigen Körper nicht mehr wie bisher in bestimmter Weise geordnet anzuordnen, sondern räumlich unregelmäßig verteilt, so daß bei einem Bohrangriff keine Möglichkeit besteht, den Bohrer, meistens einen Kronenbohrer, in Anpassung an ein bestimmtes Ordnungssystem der bohrwiderstandsfähigen Körper vorteilhaft anzusetzen. Die unregelmäßige räumliche Verteilung der bohrwiderstandsfähigen Körper läßt sich in sehr einfacher und kostensparender Weise dadurch erreichen, daß dem Baustoff, z.B. Beton, vor dem Gießen der Wand die bohrharten Körper beigemischt werden. Es ist ohne weiteres möglich, den Beton dabei so einzustellen, daß die sich bei der Mischung ergebende unregelmäßige räumliche Verteilung nach dem Gießen bis zur Verfestigung beibehalten wird.The basic idea of the teaching according to the invention is to no longer arrange the drill-resistant bodies in an ordered manner as previously, but to distribute them spatially irregularly, so that during a drilling attack there is no possibility of adapting the drill, usually a crown drill, to a specific ordering system of the drill-resistant ones Body advantageous to set. The irregular spatial distribution of the drilling-resistant bodies can be achieved in a very simple and cost-saving manner by adding the hard-drilling bodies to the building material, for example concrete, before pouring the wall. It is readily possible to adjust the concrete so that the irregular spatial distribution resulting from the mixing is maintained after pouring until solidification.
Die bohrwiderstandsfähigen Körper können untereinander verschiedene Formen oder verschiedene Größen haben, was weiter dazu beiträgt, kein bestimmtes System von Größe und Anordnung hoher widerstandsfähiger Körper erkennbar werden zu lassen; denn es liegt nicht vor.The drilling-resistant bodies can have different shapes or different sizes from one another, which further contributes to the fact that no particular system of size and arrangement of high-resistant bodies can be identified; because it is not there.
Besonders zweckmäßig ist es, die bohrwiderstandsfähigen Körper in an sich bekannter Weise rotationssymmetrisch auszubilden, wobei besonders zweckmäßig die Form von Kugeln, Zylindern, Kegeln, Kegelstümpfen oder Tonnen ist. Natürlich ist es auch zweckmäßig, zusätzlich zur Einführung einer weiteren Unregelmäßigkeit Körper in Form von Granulat oder Splitt in der Schicht aus Baustoff anzuordnen.It is particularly expedient to design the drilling-resistant bodies in a manner known per se to be rotationally symmetrical, the form of balls, cylinders, cones, truncated cones or barrels being particularly expedient. Of course, it is also expedient to arrange bodies in the form of granules or grit in the layer of building material in addition to introducing a further irregularity.
Eine besonders zweckmäßige Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht darin, daß die Körper jeweils von einer Schicht aus Material umhüllt sind, das eine Bewegung der Körper in dem Baustoff bei einem Bohrangriff zuläßt. Bei diesem Material kann es sich z.B. um Kunststoff, Kunststoffschaum, Wachs, Lack oder dergleichen handeln. Ein derartiges Material läßt insbesondere dann, wenn es zusätzlich bei Wärme, die beim Bohren entsteht, weich wird, so daß es eine Gleit- oder Schmierwirkung entfaltet, eine Rotation zu.A particularly expedient development of the invention consists in that the bodies are each encased by a layer of material which allows the bodies to move in the building material during a drilling attack. This material can e.g. are plastic, plastic foam, wax, paint or the like. Such a material allows rotation, in particular if it additionally softens under the heat generated during drilling so that it exerts a sliding or lubricating effect.
In manchen Fällen kann es zweckmäßig sein, die bohrwiderstandsfähigen Körper hohl und/oder aus einer Schicht mit einem Material mit geringem Volumengewicht, insbesondere Schaumstoff, einzuhüllen. Dadurch läßt sich erreichen, daß die umhüllten bohrwiderstandsfähigen Körper gerade in der Schicht aus Baustoff oder Beton bis zur Verfestigung desselben ohne Auftrieb sind, also in der Schwebe bleiben und dadurch genau ihre durch den Mischvorgang bewirkte unregelmäßige Verteilung beibehalten.In some cases it may be expedient to envelop the drilling-resistant bodies in a hollow and / or from a layer with a material with a low volume weight, in particular foam. This makes it possible to ensure that the coated, drilling-resistant bodies, especially in the layer of building material or concrete, have no buoyancy until they have solidified, that is to say they remain in suspension and thereby precisely maintain their irregular distribution caused by the mixing process.
Eine Umhüllung der bohrwiderstandsfähigen Körper kann diese gleichzeitig gegen Korrosion schützen. Zweckmäßig ist es auch, wenn die bohrwiderstandsfähigen Körper mit dünnen Drähten, Fäden oder dergleichen verbunden sind, die die Körper beim Gießen des Baustoffs oder Betons in der gewünschten räumlich unregelmäßigen Verteilung halten.A casing of the drilling-resistant bodies can at the same time protect them against corrosion. It is also expedient if the drilling-resistant bodies are connected with thin wires, threads or the like, which keep the bodies in the desired spatially irregular distribution when the building material or concrete is poured.
Anhand der Zeichnung soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden.
- Fig. 1 zeigt einen Ausschnitt einer Wand gemäß der Erfindung in der Draufsicht,
- Fig. 2 ist ein Schnitt II-II durch Fig. 1, und
- Fig. 3 zeigt einen Schnitt durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel ähnlich Fig. 2.
- 1 shows a section of a wall according to the invention in plan view,
- Fig. 2 is a section II-II through Fig. 1, and
- FIG. 3 shows a section through a further exemplary embodiment similar to FIG. 2.
In den Fig. 1 und 2 sind in eine Schicht 1 aus Beton Körper 2 eingelagert, die kurze Zylinderstücke bilden und aus bohrwiderstandsfähigem Material bestehen, bei dem es sich um Gußeisen, Stahl oder künstlichen oder natürlichen Hartstoff handeln kann. Sowohl die räumliche Anordnung als auch die Ausrichtung der Körper 2 ist unregelmäßig. Die Körper 2 sind, was aus der Zeichnung nicht ersichtlich ist, mit einer dünnen Schicht aus Wachs überzogen, der die Körper 2 gegen Korrosion schützt und außerdem eine Beweglichkeit, insbesondere eine Rotation der Körper 2, ermöglicht, wenn ein Kronenbohrer mit ihnen in Berührung kommt. Dadurch wird der Kronenbohrer in bekannter Weise behindert oder beschädigt.1 and 2 are embedded in a
Fig. 3 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Wand in einer Darstellung ähnlich Fig. 2, wobei in einer Schicht 3 aus Beton in räumlich unregelmäßiger Verteilung und zum Teil auch unregelmäßiger Ausrichtung verschiedenartige bohrwiderstandsfähige Körper angeordnet sind, nämlich Zylinder 4, kleinere Zylinder 5, Kugeln 6, 7 und 8 unterschiedlicher Größe sowie Kegelstümpfe 9 und Tonnen 10 und 11. Alle Körper sind wiederum in Wachs eingehüllt, was in der Zeichnung nicht sichtbar ist.Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a wall in a representation similar to Fig. 2, wherein in a
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19873706898 DE3706898A1 (en) | 1987-03-04 | 1987-03-04 | WALL OR WALL ELEMENT FOR SECURITY DEVICES LIKE SAFE, SECURITY DOORS, MONEY CABINETS OR THE LIKE |
DE3706898 | 1987-03-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0280852A2 true EP0280852A2 (en) | 1988-09-07 |
EP0280852A3 EP0280852A3 (en) | 1988-09-21 |
Family
ID=6322230
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88100594A Withdrawn EP0280852A3 (en) | 1987-03-04 | 1988-01-18 | Wall or wall element for safety devices such as vaults, safety doors, safes or the like |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0280852A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3706898A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK67588A (en) |
FI (1) | FI880952A (en) |
NO (1) | NO880919L (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4422514C1 (en) * | 1994-06-28 | 1995-08-17 | Bode Panzer Ag | Wall or wall component for security installations such as doors, safes or similar |
DE19839040B4 (en) * | 1998-08-28 | 2010-04-29 | Siegfried Gebhart | safe |
DE19855567B4 (en) * | 1998-12-02 | 2010-01-21 | Siegfried Gebhart | safe |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1976832A (en) * | 1932-08-12 | 1934-10-16 | Charles S Brown | Concrete wall and reenforcing insert therefor |
US3400507A (en) * | 1966-09-12 | 1968-09-10 | Ellamac Inc | Structural members with preformed concrete reinforcing devices |
US3846085A (en) * | 1972-01-27 | 1974-11-05 | Versatile Structures Inc | Ferrous aggregate for concrete |
DE2538009A1 (en) * | 1974-08-26 | 1976-03-18 | Mosler Safe Co | SAFETY CONSTRUCTION MADE OF CONCRETE |
DE2525738A1 (en) * | 1975-06-10 | 1976-12-23 | Danzer Josef Helmut | Anti drilling plate for walls of safe - has layer of rotable balls for absorbing energy of rotating drilling tool |
FR2355151A1 (en) * | 1976-06-18 | 1978-01-13 | Lips Brandkastenfabrieken Bv | BURGLAR-RESISTANT SAFE BODY |
FR2568305A1 (en) * | 1984-07-24 | 1986-01-31 | Fichet Bauche | DEVICE FOR PROTECTION AGAINST PERFORATING TOOLS AND COMPOSITE WALL PROVIDED WITH SAID DEVICE |
US4593627A (en) * | 1983-05-25 | 1986-06-10 | Diebold, Incorporated | Burglary attack resistant money safe high fiber concrete reinforced metal encased wall and door construction and manufacture |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2858971A (en) * | 1956-06-01 | 1958-11-04 | Stephen C Sandstrom | Envelope opening means |
DE7827052U1 (en) * | 1978-09-12 | 1978-12-21 | Neuhoff Dieter | Device on envelopes and wallets for easier opening of closed envelopes |
DE7904279U1 (en) * | 1979-02-16 | 1979-07-05 | Hansa-Tresor Diethelm A.M. Manser, 2000 Hamburg | Safe against burglary tools |
DE3342734A1 (en) * | 1983-11-25 | 1985-06-13 | Leicher GmbH & Co, 8011 Kirchheim | Reinforcement for concrete walls |
-
1987
- 1987-03-04 DE DE19873706898 patent/DE3706898A1/en not_active Ceased
-
1988
- 1988-01-18 EP EP88100594A patent/EP0280852A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-02-10 DK DK067588A patent/DK67588A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-03-02 NO NO880919A patent/NO880919L/en unknown
- 1988-03-02 FI FI880952A patent/FI880952A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1976832A (en) * | 1932-08-12 | 1934-10-16 | Charles S Brown | Concrete wall and reenforcing insert therefor |
US3400507A (en) * | 1966-09-12 | 1968-09-10 | Ellamac Inc | Structural members with preformed concrete reinforcing devices |
US3846085A (en) * | 1972-01-27 | 1974-11-05 | Versatile Structures Inc | Ferrous aggregate for concrete |
DE2538009A1 (en) * | 1974-08-26 | 1976-03-18 | Mosler Safe Co | SAFETY CONSTRUCTION MADE OF CONCRETE |
DE2525738A1 (en) * | 1975-06-10 | 1976-12-23 | Danzer Josef Helmut | Anti drilling plate for walls of safe - has layer of rotable balls for absorbing energy of rotating drilling tool |
FR2355151A1 (en) * | 1976-06-18 | 1978-01-13 | Lips Brandkastenfabrieken Bv | BURGLAR-RESISTANT SAFE BODY |
US4593627A (en) * | 1983-05-25 | 1986-06-10 | Diebold, Incorporated | Burglary attack resistant money safe high fiber concrete reinforced metal encased wall and door construction and manufacture |
FR2568305A1 (en) * | 1984-07-24 | 1986-01-31 | Fichet Bauche | DEVICE FOR PROTECTION AGAINST PERFORATING TOOLS AND COMPOSITE WALL PROVIDED WITH SAID DEVICE |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK67588D0 (en) | 1988-02-10 |
FI880952A (en) | 1988-09-05 |
DK67588A (en) | 1988-09-05 |
NO880919L (en) | 1988-09-05 |
FI880952A0 (en) | 1988-03-02 |
EP0280852A3 (en) | 1988-09-21 |
DE3706898A1 (en) | 1988-09-15 |
NO880919D0 (en) | 1988-03-02 |
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18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19900823 |