EP0280616B1 - Vorrichtung zur Speisung elektrischer Energie für ein Kabel und seine Anwendung - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Speisung elektrischer Energie für ein Kabel und seine Anwendung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0280616B1
EP0280616B1 EP88400358A EP88400358A EP0280616B1 EP 0280616 B1 EP0280616 B1 EP 0280616B1 EP 88400358 A EP88400358 A EP 88400358A EP 88400358 A EP88400358 A EP 88400358A EP 0280616 B1 EP0280616 B1 EP 0280616B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
terminals
cable
current
diode
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88400358A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0280616A1 (de
Inventor
Charles Guterman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Solems Sa Dite Ste
Original Assignee
Solems Sa Dite Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Solems Sa Dite Ste filed Critical Solems Sa Dite Ste
Priority to AT88400358T priority Critical patent/ATE86820T1/de
Publication of EP0280616A1 publication Critical patent/EP0280616A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0280616B1 publication Critical patent/EP0280616B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05C—ELECTRIC CIRCUITS OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR USE IN EQUIPMENT FOR KILLING, STUNNING, OR GUIDING LIVING BEINGS
    • H05C1/00—Circuits or apparatus for generating electric shock effects
    • H05C1/04—Circuits or apparatus for generating electric shock effects providing pulse voltages

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus for supplying electrical energy to a cable or equivalent, an electrical conductor, in particular intended for electrifying fences.
  • the invention aims in particular to remedy these defects.
  • the static switch will be controlled by a timer subjected to the voltage of the current generator and the voltage across the primary winding of the transformer will be substantially equal to the difference of the voltages prevailing at the terminals of the current generator and of said switch.
  • Most of the devices which are used to deliver electrical energy in a cable 10, such as a fence, include in particular a current generator, such as for example a battery 3, and a voltage transformer 2 provided with a primary 12 and a secondary 22. This is the case of the apparatus of the invention illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the cable 10 to be electrified is directly connected at one of its ends to the output terminal of the secondary 22.
  • no protection is provided to avoid rapid discharge of the battery 3, in the event of a short circuit leading to a prolonged drop in line impedance along the cable.
  • short circuits are frequently encountered. They can for example be caused by the fall of a branch on the cable, which then connects the cable to earth.
  • this diode 14 can be mounted between the output 22a of the secondary and the connection end 10a of the electrified cable.
  • the diode will be mounted pass-through in the agreed direct direction of current, flowing here from the transformer secondary to the cable.
  • Arrows 13a and 13b indicate the direct direction agreed to the current.
  • the direct voltages delivered to the cable are generally very high.
  • the reverse voltage to which diode 14 can be subjected is limited to the value U x N2 N1 (U: voltage across generator 3, N2 N1 : transformer secondary / primary ratio 2).
  • the invention provides for mounting a spark gap 24 in parallel across the terminals of the diode 14, so as to protect it and to avoid any deterioration, whatever the value of the line reverse voltages.
  • diode 14 and the spark gap 24 can completely be integrated into a single industrially usable electronic component, which has been identified as a whole 4.
  • the component 4 which will behave essentially as a diode in the agreed direct direction of the current and as a spark gap in the opposite direction, we will be able to avoid for a relatively reduced cost and in complete safety, any untimely discharge of the generator 3 whatever the electrical disturbances that may occur.
  • FIG. 1 a new supply device. in electrical energy intended in particular for the electrification of fences.
  • this device incorporates the component 4 that has just been presented. It also includes, in addition to the transformer 2 with the air gap 32, the self-inductance 12 and the wound secondary 22 connected at 11 to earth, an electronic unit 5 subjected to the voltage of the generator 3, and a static switch 6. Tel as illustrated, the primary 12 of the transformer is subjected to the difference of the voltages prevailing at the terminals of the generator 3 and of the switch 6.
  • the electronic unit 5 consists of a timer which controls the switch 6.
  • the duration of the control pulses can for example be of the order of a few tens of milliseconds, the interval between two pulses possibly being of the order of 1 to 1.5 seconds.
  • the switch 6 comprises, as illustrated, two transistors, one of the "NPN” type 16, the other of the "MOS” type 26.
  • the component 7 comprises a spark gap 27, with parallel to its terminals, and preferably, a diode 17.
  • the diode 17 is mounted passing in the considered opposite direction of the current. This component 7 protects the static switch 6 from any overvoltage, as will be seen in more detail below.
  • the protection against possible overvoltages of the transistor 26 is ensured by a component 8, of the same type as that 7 which we have just presented.
  • the component 8 mounted across the transistor 26 therefore includes a spark gap 18 with a diode 28 in parallel at its terminals.
  • the spark-gap element is essential and essential, the diode only intervening for safety reasons and to improve the reliability of the component.
  • a good functioning indicator is shown which can be mounted at the terminals of the switch 6, so that the operator can check the power on or off state of the device 1.
  • the indicator 9 comprises in series two resistors 19, 29 and a display device 39, such as a "neon" bulb.
  • the resistors 19 and 29 will preferably be resistors of the high voltage type.
  • the currents I1 and I2 flowing in the absence of component 4 respectively in the primary and the secondary of the transformer are related in intensity and direction.
  • the direction of the current I1 (represented by the arrow 13b) is considered to be direct, while the direction of the current I2 is opposite (arrow 13d).
  • N2I2 -N1I1 + N1I .
  • I current in the inductor 12 alone; N1 and N2: respectively primary and secondary of the transformer).
  • the short circuit in secondary is reduced to primary.
  • the electrical energy stored by the self-inductance 12 and coming from the generator 3 it is always equal to 1 2 xLxI2 .
  • the electrical energy drawn from the generator 3 is dissipated and not stored in the self-inductance 12. This energy will therefore not be not returned to generator 3.
  • the spark gap may be able to block approximately 400 to 500 V with an instantaneous power of approximately 15 to 20 kW, thereby rendering the component as a whole almost indestructible by overvoltage.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Vorrichtung zur elektrischen Speisung mindestens eines Kabels (10) oder eines äquivalenten elektrischen Leiters, umfassend einen Transformator (2), der mit einer mit einem Stromerzeuger (3) verbundenen Primärwicklung (12) und mit einer Sekundärwicklung (22), mit der ein Ende (10a) des Kabels verbunden ist, versehen ist; einen Schalter (6); und einen ersten Stromgleichrichter (14) wie eine Diode, die in Flußrichtung in bezug auf den von der Sekundärseite des Transformators zum Kabel fließenden Strom leitend angeordnet ist, wobei dieser erste Gleichrichter (14) in Reihe zwischen der Sekundärseite (22) des Transformators und besagtem Ende (10a) des Kabels geschaltet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie weiterhin umfaßt
    - einen ersten Entlader (27), der an den Anschlußklemmen des Schalters (6) angeordnet ist, der ein statischer Unterbrecher ist, der einerseits mit einer Anschlußklemme der Primärwicklung (12) und andererseits mit einer Anschlußklemme des Stromerzeugers (3) verbunden ist,
    - einen zweiten Entlader (24), der parallel zu den Anschlußklemmen des ersten Gleichrichters (14) geschaltet ist, um ihn durch Begrenzen der Entladung des Stromerzeugers (3) im Kurzschlußfall gegen Überspannungen zu schützen,
    - und einen zweiten Stromgleichrichter (17) wie eine Diode, die in Gegenrichtung in bezug auf den Strom leitend vorgesehen ist, wobei dieser zweite Gleichrichter parallel zu den Anschlußklemmen des ersten Entladers (27) geschaltet ist.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Kabel (10) oder der äquivalente elektrische Leiter Teil eines Elektrozaunes sind und der Schalter (6) durch einen von der Spannung des Stromerzeugers (3) abhängigen Taktgeber (5) gesteuert wird, wobei die Klemmenspannung der Primärwicklung (12) des Transformators (2) im wesentlichen gleich der Differenz der Spannungen ist, die an den Klemmen des Stromerzeugers (3) und des Schalters (6) auftreten.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der statische Unterbrecher (6)
    - einen Transistor (16) des NPN-Typs und
    - einen Transistor (26) des MOS-Typs
    umfaßt.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen dritten Entlader (18) umfaßt, der parallel zu den Klemmen des MOS-Typ-Transistors (26) geschaltet ist.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Diode (28) umfaßt, die parallel zu den Klemmen des dritten Entladers (18) geschaltet ist, wobei die Diode (28) in bezug auf den Strom in umgekehrter Richtung leitend vorgesehen ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie, parallel zu den Anschlußklemmen des statischen Unterbrechers (6), eine Betriebsanzeigeeinrichtung (9) aufweist, die in Reihenanordnung
    - wenigstens einen Widerstand (19, 29) und
    - wenigstens ein Sichtbarmachungsmittel (39), zum Beispiel eine Glühlampe,
    umfaßt.
EP88400358A 1987-02-19 1988-02-17 Vorrichtung zur Speisung elektrischer Energie für ein Kabel und seine Anwendung Expired - Lifetime EP0280616B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88400358T ATE86820T1 (de) 1987-02-19 1988-02-17 Vorrichtung zur speisung elektrischer energie fuer ein kabel und seine anwendung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8702139 1987-02-19
FR8702139A FR2611339B1 (fr) 1987-02-19 1987-02-19 Appareil d'alimentation en energie electrique d'un cable et son application

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0280616A1 EP0280616A1 (de) 1988-08-31
EP0280616B1 true EP0280616B1 (de) 1993-03-10

Family

ID=9348074

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88400358A Expired - Lifetime EP0280616B1 (de) 1987-02-19 1988-02-17 Vorrichtung zur Speisung elektrischer Energie für ein Kabel und seine Anwendung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0280616B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE86820T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3878945T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2611339B1 (de)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH390383A (de) * 1960-02-16 1965-04-15 Siemens Ag Netzgespeiste Schaltungsanordnung mit einem Halbleiter-Gleichrichter in Einweg-Schaltung
FR1462311A (fr) * 1965-10-09 1966-04-15 Dispositif régulateur de mouvement pour clôture électrique
FR1582799A (de) * 1968-02-02 1969-10-10
FR2427736A1 (fr) * 1978-05-31 1979-12-28 Bicosa Recherches Dispositif generateur d'impulsions de decharge electrique a frequence de decharge controlee
NZ219542A (en) * 1986-07-04 1989-04-26 Gallagher Electronics Ltd Electric fence energiser with multiple pulse generators

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3878945D1 (de) 1993-04-15
ATE86820T1 (de) 1993-03-15
EP0280616A1 (de) 1988-08-31
FR2611339A1 (fr) 1988-08-26
DE3878945T2 (de) 1993-08-26
FR2611339B1 (fr) 1990-05-04

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