EP0277438A1 - Carding machine for processing mineral wool fibres - Google Patents

Carding machine for processing mineral wool fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0277438A1
EP0277438A1 EP87402611A EP87402611A EP0277438A1 EP 0277438 A1 EP0277438 A1 EP 0277438A1 EP 87402611 A EP87402611 A EP 87402611A EP 87402611 A EP87402611 A EP 87402611A EP 0277438 A1 EP0277438 A1 EP 0277438A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carding
fibers
machine according
hopper
rotary
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP87402611A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Paul Hazera
Patrick Hazera
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ISOLINDUSTRIE FRANCE
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ISOLINDUSTRIE FRANCE
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Publication of EP0277438A1 publication Critical patent/EP0277438A1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00—Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/02—Carding machines

Definitions

  • the present invention essentially relates to a machine for carding fibers, in particular mineral wool fibers, comprising a hopper provided with a rotary member for carding and cutting fibers arranged coaxially with the feed system but in the opposite direction of rotation.
  • Various fiber carding machines are already known, in particular wool fibers, comprising a fiber hopper provided with a rotary feeding system, such as a screw, moved in a first direction of rotation, feeding the fibers to a opening disposed towards the bottom of the hopper closed at least in part by a fiber flow control hatch, a carding device being arranged to receive the fibers from this opening.
  • a rotary feeding system such as a screw
  • This carding device generally comprises a carding device disposed under said opening and provided with at least two rotary drums comprising transverse fingers, and rotating in opposite directions with respect to each other.
  • a feed rotor sometimes called a lock, is placed below the carding device and routes the carded fibers to a fiber distribution opening.
  • the present invention therefore aims to solve the new technical problem consisting in the supply of a fiber carding machine allowing a projection and an injection of the fibers of a regularity never reached with a possibility of increase or reduction of the flow. fiber distribution adjustable at will.
  • the main object of the present invention is also to solve the new technical problem consisting in providing a carding machine capable of obtaining a length or particle size of the fibers of a regularity never attained, this length or particle size being adjustable at will with great precision.
  • the present invention provides a machine for carding fibers, in particular mineral wool fibers, comprising a fiber hopper provided with a rotary feeding system, such as a screw, moved in a first direction of rotation, feeding the fibers at an opening arranged towards the bottom of the hopper closed at least in part by a flap for regulating the flow of fibers, a carding device being provided for carrying out a carding of the fibers, a feed rotor being arranged below of the carding device and conveying the carded fibers to a fiber distribution opening, characterized in that the carding device is arranged in the hopper in the vicinity of its opening, said carding device comprising a rotary member arranged coaxially with the feeding system, being moved in a reverse direction of rotation from that of the feeding system.
  • a rotary feeding system such as a screw
  • this carding member comprises a disc integral with a drive shaft, said disc being provided with one or more fingers arranged parallel to the drive shaft and extending towards the system fiber feeding.
  • this carding member further comprises a movable disc mounted movable in translation on the aforementioned fingers.
  • This movable disc can advantageously be perforated to allow a more regular flow of the fibers, thus avoiding jamming.
  • this carding member comprises a guide tube integral with the disc and therefore with the aforementioned drive shaft, said guide tube coming to be freely fitted around the rotary supply system.
  • the carding machine comprises an auxiliary carding device which can be constituted by a usual carding device, arranged to receive the fibers from the opening of the hopper and comprising a carding device disposed on said opening of the hopper provided advantageously at least two rotary drums comprising transverse fingers, and rotating in opposite directions.
  • An unexpected advantage obtained by the carding member according to the invention, by the presence of the movable disc, consists in regulating the flow very precisely, and in increasing or reducing this flow thanks to the horizontal displacement of the movable disc parallel to the axis of rotation defined by the drive shaft.
  • the presence of the fingers makes it possible to adjust the length of the fibers at will, this adjustment being carried out with great precision.
  • the fingers make it possible to wind the fibers then to break them, this break being obtained at different times depending on the speed of rotation of the fingers.
  • a fiber carding machine represented by the general reference number 1
  • a hopper represented by the general reference number 2 provided with a rotary feeding system 4, such as a screw, moved in a first direction of rotation, for example defined by the arrow R1.
  • This rotary feeding system 4 feeds the fibers to an opening 6 arranged towards the bottom of the hopper.
  • This opening 6 is closed at least in part by a hatch 8 for regulating the fiber flow rate.
  • this machine is characterized in that it comprises a carding device 10 disposed in the hopper 2, in the vicinity of its opening 6.
  • This carding device 10 more particularly comprises a rotary member 12 disposed coaxially with the system of 'feed 4, being moved from a direction of rotation opposite to that of the feed system, here symbolized by the arrow R2.
  • the rotary carding member 12 comprises a drive shaft driven by drive means independent of the drive means of the supply system 4.
  • drive means being themselves conventional are not shown in the figures for clarity of the drawings.
  • the rotary carding member 12 comprises a disc 14 integral with the drive shaft 16, said disc 14 being provided with one or several fingers such as 18, 20 arranged parallel to the drive shaft 16 and extending in the direction of the fiber supply system 4, as is clearly understood from the consideration of FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • the carding member 12 further comprises a movable disc 22, mounted displaceable in translation on the fingers 18, 20, which allows to adjust at will the carding flow of the fibers, so as to increase or decrease it.
  • This movable disc can be positioned at predetermined discrete positions provided on the shaft 16 and / or a guide tube 28 described below, depending on the desired flow rate. The greater the desired fiber flow, the further the moving disc 22 will be from the end 4a of the feeding system, and the coarser the carding.
  • the movable disc 22 can advantageously be perforated at its periphery by including notches 23 to promote a regular flow of the fibers while avoiding jamming.
  • the length of the fibers is adjusted as desired since the fibers are wound on the fingers and then are broken by them.
  • the fingers 18, 20 not only have a carding or disentangling function of the fibers, but also a cutting function which is linked to their speed of rotation.
  • a protective element 24 is provided, arranged above the carding device disposed in the hopper, in order to prevent fibers in the hopper from being taken directly by the carding device 10 instead of 'be driven by the supply system 4.
  • this protective element 24 extends even beyond the downstream end 4a of the supply system 4 as is clearly visible in Figure 1, that is ie upstream of the end 4a.
  • this protective element is formed by a tube in which the opening 6 has been made.
  • a kneading device 30 which is shown in more detail in FIG. 2.
  • This kneading device 30 comprises for example a drive shaft 32 moved in the direction of rotation R1, and provided with transverse arms 34 comprising at their free ends polygonal plates 36 which can for example be trapezoidal.
  • auxiliary carding device 42 arranged to receive the fibers from the opening 6 of the hopper 2, which are already at least partially carded, which improves the finish for certain hard mineral fibers, such as carborindon mineral fibers.
  • This auxiliary carding device 42 is more precisely represented in FIG. 4. It comprises a carding device proper disposed under the opening comprising at least two rotary drums 44, 46 comprising fingers such as 48, 50 transverse. These rotary drums 44, 46 rotate in the opposite direction, for example in the direction of rotation R1 and R2.
  • auxiliary carding device 42 there can be provided, still in the box 40, a feed rotor 54 provided with a number of blades 56 in the shape of a U, below the carding device auxiliary 42, and routing the carded fibers to a fiber distribution opening 58.
  • a pneumatic fiber distribution system can be provided by sending an air flow through an air inlet 64 arranged opposite the outlet 58, as is clearly visible in FIGS. 1 and 5.
  • a guide tube 26 integral with the disc 14 and therefore with the aforementioned drive shaft 16.
  • This guide tube 26 is freely fitted around the rotary supply system 4 and includes bearings, for example ball bearings.
  • This guide tube 26 therefore ensures guiding or support of the carding member as well as its coaxiality with the supply system 4.
  • sealing elements are provided at the entrance to the guide tube 26 to prevent fibers do not penetrate inside of it, therefore in the bearings, and do not disturb the rotation of the carding assembly 12.
  • Fibers for example wool fibers are fed from a reserve in the hopper 2 where they pass first of all through the kneading device 30 which can for example rotate at a rotation speed of 10 to 60 rpm then these kneaded fibers are entrained by the feed system 4 which can, for example, rotate at a speed of rotation from 4 to 50 rpm to then be taken up by the carding device 10 rotating in opposite directions, for example at a speed of 1,200 rpm rotation.
  • the feed system 4 can, for example, rotate at a speed of rotation from 4 to 50 rpm to then be taken up by the carding device 10 rotating in opposite directions, for example at a speed of 1,200 rpm rotation.
  • the carding flow rate can be adjusted very precisely as desired as a function of the speed of rotation, as well as the length of the fibers.
  • the carded and cut fibers then fall through the opening 6, the size of which is adjusted by the regulating flap 8, possibly in the auxiliary carding apparatus 42, the rotary drums 44, 46 of which can rotate at a speed of rotation of between 180 and 1,800 rpm, these drums 44, 46 rotating at the same speed of rotation, but in the opposite direction.
  • the fibers thus carded then fall into the lower part of the box 40 in which is arranged the rotor 54 provided with blades 56 and routes them to the lower boss 60, that is to say in the channel 62.
  • the carded fibers and cut are then preferably driven by the pneumatic fiber distribution system which evacuates them through outlet 58. Thanks to the pressure of the air used, which can be adjusted between 0 and 300 mbar, it is possible to obtain a projection of the fibers against any wall and / or an injection of these fibers into any device with a regularity never achieved until now, at a very precise rate, which can be adjusted at will while allowing the length of the fibers to be adjusted also at will .
  • the speed of rotation of the rotor 54 may for example be from 10 to 60 rpm.
  • the present invention makes it possible to provide, in a completely unexpected manner, a practically universal fiber carding machine, allowing numerous adjustments, whether as regards the fiber feed rate or even the length of these fibers.
  • Any type of fiber can be used, but the preferred use relates to wool fibers also known as mineral wool fibers such as rock wool or glass wool fibers or carborindon. These fibers can then be sprayed by the machine according to the invention against surfaces to be protected, to be made refractory like the surfaces of hydrocarbon treatment furnaces.
  • the present invention naturally includes all the means constituting technical equivalents, the means described and their various combinations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a machine for the carding of fibres, especially mineral-wool fibres. This machine comprises a fibre hopper (2) equipped with a rotary feed system (4), such as a screw, moved in the first direction of rotation, characterised in that it possesses a carding appliance (10) arranged in the hopper (2) in the vicinity of its orifice (6), arranged coaxially with the feed system (4) and rotating in the opposite direction to this. The fibres thus carded can subsequently be taken up by an auxiliary carding appliance (42) and then subsequently by a rotor (54) with vanes (56), before being discharged through an orifice (58) by means of a pneumatic fibre distribution sytem. The invention makes it possible to set the distribution flow of carded fibres with high accuracy and also to set their length as desired, likewise with very high accuracy. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne essentiellement une machine à carder des fibres, notamment des fibres de laine minérale, com­prenant une trémie pourvue d'un organe rotatif de cardage et de découpe des fibres disposé coaxialement au système d'alimentation mais à sens de rotation inverse.The present invention essentially relates to a machine for carding fibers, in particular mineral wool fibers, comprising a hopper provided with a rotary member for carding and cutting fibers arranged coaxially with the feed system but in the opposite direction of rotation.

On connaît déjà diverses machines à carder des fibres, notamment des fibres de laine, comprenant une trémie à fibres pourvue d'un système d'alimentation rotatif, tel qu'une vis, mû dans un premier sens de rotation, alimentant les fibres à une ouverture disposée vers le fond de la trémie obturée au moins en partie par une trappe de régulation du débit de fibres, un appareil de cardage étant disposé pour recevoir les fibres depuis cette ouverture.Various fiber carding machines are already known, in particular wool fibers, comprising a fiber hopper provided with a rotary feeding system, such as a screw, moved in a first direction of rotation, feeding the fibers to a opening disposed towards the bottom of the hopper closed at least in part by a fiber flow control hatch, a carding device being arranged to receive the fibers from this opening.

Cet appareil de cardage comprend généralement un dispositif de cardage disposé sous ladite ouverture et pourvu d'au moins deux tambours rotatifs comportant des doigts transversaux, et tournant en sens inverse l'un par rapport à l'autre.This carding device generally comprises a carding device disposed under said opening and provided with at least two rotary drums comprising transverse fingers, and rotating in opposite directions with respect to each other.

Enfin, un rotor d'alimentation, parfois dénommé écluse, est disposé en-dessous du dispositif de cardage et achemine les fibres cardées à une ouverture de distribution des fibres.Finally, a feed rotor, sometimes called a lock, is placed below the carding device and routes the carded fibers to a fiber distribution opening.

Cependant, avec de telles machines à carder antérieures, il est très difficile de régulariser la longueur ou granulométrie des fibres, ainsi que le débit de distribution des fibres par l'ouverture de distribution.However, with such prior carding machines, it is very difficult to regulate the length or granulometry of the fibers, as well as the rate of distribution of the fibers through the dispensing opening.

La présente invention a donc pour but de résoudre le nouveau problème technique consistant en la fourniture d'une machine à carder des fibres permettant une projection et une injection des fibres d'une régularité jamais atteinte avec une possibilité d'augmentation ou de réduction du débit de distribution des fibres réglable à volonté.The present invention therefore aims to solve the new technical problem consisting in the supply of a fiber carding machine allowing a projection and an injection of the fibers of a regularity never reached with a possibility of increase or reduction of the flow. fiber distribution adjustable at will.

La présente invention a encore pour but principal de résoudre le nouveau problème technique consistant en la fourni­ture d'une machine à carder capable d'obtenir une longueur ou granu­lométrie des fibres d'une régularité jamais atteinte, cette longueur ou granulométrie étant réglable à volonté avec une grande précision.The main object of the present invention is also to solve the new technical problem consisting in providing a carding machine capable of obtaining a length or particle size of the fibers of a regularity never attained, this length or particle size being adjustable at will with great precision.

Ces problèmes techniques sont résolus pour la première fois par la présente invention.These technical problems are solved for the first time by the present invention.

Ainsi, la présente invention fournit une machine à carder des fibres, notamment des fibres de laine minérale, comprenant une trémie à fibres pourvue d'un système d'alimentation rotatif, tel qu'une vis, mû dans un premier sens de rotation, alimentant les fibres à une ouverture disposée vers le fond de la trémie obturée au moins en partie par une trappe de régulation du débit des fibres, un appareil de cardage étant prévu pour réaliser un cardage des fibres, un rotor d'alimentation étant disposé en-dessous de l'appareil de cardage et acheminant les fibres cardées à une ouverture de distribution des fibres, caractérisée en ce que l'appareil de cardage est disposé dans la trémie au voisinage de son ouverture, ledit appareil de cardage comprenant un organe rotatif disposé coaxialement au système d'alimentation, en étant mû d'un sens de rotation inverse de celui du système d'alimentation.Thus, the present invention provides a machine for carding fibers, in particular mineral wool fibers, comprising a fiber hopper provided with a rotary feeding system, such as a screw, moved in a first direction of rotation, feeding the fibers at an opening arranged towards the bottom of the hopper closed at least in part by a flap for regulating the flow of fibers, a carding device being provided for carrying out a carding of the fibers, a feed rotor being arranged below of the carding device and conveying the carded fibers to a fiber distribution opening, characterized in that the carding device is arranged in the hopper in the vicinity of its opening, said carding device comprising a rotary member arranged coaxially with the feeding system, being moved in a reverse direction of rotation from that of the feeding system.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, cet organe de cardage comprend un disque solidaire d'un arbre d'entraînement, ledit disque étant pourvu d'un ou plusieurs doigts disposés paral­lèlement à l'arbre d'entraînement et s'étendant en direction du système d'alimentation des fibres.According to a preferred embodiment, this carding member comprises a disc integral with a drive shaft, said disc being provided with one or more fingers arranged parallel to the drive shaft and extending towards the system fiber feeding.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, cet organe de cardage comprend en outre un disque mobile monté déplaçable en translation sur les doigts précités. Ce disque mobile peut être avantageu­sement ajouré pour permettre un écoulement plus régulier des fibres en évitant ainsi un bourrage.According to a preferred embodiment, this carding member further comprises a movable disc mounted movable in translation on the aforementioned fingers. This movable disc can advantageously be perforated to allow a more regular flow of the fibers, thus avoiding jamming.

Selon une variante de réalisation particulière, cet organe de cardage comprend un tube de guidage solidaire du disque et donc de l'arbre d'entraînement précité, ledit tube de guidage venant s'emmancher librement autour du système d'alimen­tation rotatif.According to a particular variant embodiment, this carding member comprises a guide tube integral with the disc and therefore with the aforementioned drive shaft, said guide tube coming to be freely fitted around the rotary supply system.

Selon encore un autre mode de réalisation parti­culier prévu pour les machines à carder de grande capacité, la machine à carder selon l'invention comprend un appareil de cardage auxiliaire qui peut être constitué par un appareil de cardage habituel, disposé pour recevoir les fibres depuis l'ouverture de la trémie et comprenant un dispositif de cardage disposé sur ladite ouverture de la trémie pourvue avantageusement d'au moins deux tambours rotatifs comportant des doigts transversaux, et tournant en sens inverse.According to yet another particular embodiment provided for large capacity carding machines, the carding machine according to the invention comprises an auxiliary carding device which can be constituted by a usual carding device, arranged to receive the fibers from the opening of the hopper and comprising a carding device disposed on said opening of the hopper provided advantageously at least two rotary drums comprising transverse fingers, and rotating in opposite directions.

On comprend ainsi que grâce à l'organe de cardage selon l'invention disposé dans la trémie, et tournant dans un sens de rotation inverse par rapport au sens de rotation du système d'alimentation rotatif, on réalise un cardage des fibres.It is thus understood that by virtue of the carding member according to the invention disposed in the hopper, and rotating in a reverse direction of rotation relative to the direction of rotation of the rotary feeding system, carding of the fibers is carried out.

Un avantage inattendu obtenu par l'organe de cardage selon l'invention, par la présence du disque mobile, consiste en une régularisation du débit de manière très précise, et à une augmentation ou une réduction de ce débit grâce au déplacement horizontal du disque mobile parallèlement à l'axe de rotation défini par l'arbre d'entraînement.An unexpected advantage obtained by the carding member according to the invention, by the presence of the movable disc, consists in regulating the flow very precisely, and in increasing or reducing this flow thanks to the horizontal displacement of the movable disc parallel to the axis of rotation defined by the drive shaft.

En outre, la présence des doigts permet de régler la longueur des fibres à volonté, ce réglage étant effectué avec une grande précision.In addition, the presence of the fingers makes it possible to adjust the length of the fibers at will, this adjustment being carried out with great precision.

En effet, les doigts permettent d'enrouler les fibres puis de les casser, cette cassure étant obtenue à des instants différents en fonction de la vitesse de rotation des doigts.Indeed, the fingers make it possible to wind the fibers then to break them, this break being obtained at different times depending on the speed of rotation of the fingers.

D'autres buts, caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description explicative qui va suivre faite en référence aux dessins annexés, représentant le mode de réalisation actuellement préféré de l'invention, donné simplement à titre d'illustration et qui ne saurait donc en aucune façon limiter la portée de l'invention.Other objects, characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly in the light of the explanatory description which will follow made with reference to the appended drawings, representing the presently preferred embodiment of the invention, given simply by way of illustration and which therefore cannot in any way limit the scope of the invention.

Dans les dessins :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en élévation, et en coupe longitudinale, partielle montrant les organes essentiels de la machine à carder les fibres selon la présente invention ;
  • - la figure 2 représente une vue de détail du dispositif de malaxage ;
  • - la figure 3 représente une vue éclatée du système d'alimentation rotatif et de l'organe de cardage selon l'invention disposé dans la trémie ;
  • - la figure 4 représente en perspective l'appareil de cardage disposé en-dessous de la trémie ; et
  • - la figure 5 représente en perspective le rotor d'alimentation comportant un système de distribution des fibres pneumatiques.
In the drawings:
  • - Figure 1 is an elevational view, in longitudinal section, partial showing the essential organs of the fiber carding machine according to the present invention;
  • - Figure 2 shows a detailed view of the kneading device;
  • - Figure 3 shows an exploded view of the rotary feed system and the carding member according to the invention disposed in the hopper;
  • - Figure 4 shows in perspective the carding device disposed below the hopper; and
  • - Figure 5 shows in perspective the feed rotor comprising a pneumatic fiber distribution system.

En référence aux figures 1 à 5, une machine à carder des fibres selon la présente invention, représentée par le numéro de référence général 1, comprend une trémie représentée par le numéro de référence général 2 pourvue d'un système d'ali­mentation rotatif 4, tel qu'une vis, mû dans un premier sens de rotation, par exemple défini par la flèche R₁. Ce système d'ali­mentation rotatif 4 alimente les fibres à une ouverture 6 disposée vers le fond de la trémie. Cette ouverture 6 est obturée au moins en partie par une trappe 8 de régulation du débit des fibres.With reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, a fiber carding machine according to the present invention, represented by the general reference number 1, comprises a hopper represented by the general reference number 2 provided with a rotary feeding system 4, such as a screw, moved in a first direction of rotation, for example defined by the arrow R₁. This rotary feeding system 4 feeds the fibers to an opening 6 arranged towards the bottom of the hopper. This opening 6 is closed at least in part by a hatch 8 for regulating the fiber flow rate.

Selon la présente invention, cette machine est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un appareil de cardage 10 disposé dans la trémie 2, au voisinage de son ouverture 6. Cet appareil de cardage 10 comprend plus particulièrement un organe rotatif 12 disposé coaxialement au système d'alimentation 4, en étant mû d'un sens de rotation inverse de celui du système d'ali­mentation, ici symbolisé par la flèche R₂.According to the present invention, this machine is characterized in that it comprises a carding device 10 disposed in the hopper 2, in the vicinity of its opening 6. This carding device 10 more particularly comprises a rotary member 12 disposed coaxially with the system of 'feed 4, being moved from a direction of rotation opposite to that of the feed system, here symbolized by the arrow R₂.

De préférence, et pour permettre une vitesse de rotation réglable à volonté, différente de celle du système d'ali­mentation 4, l'organe de cardage rotatif 12 comprend un arbre d'entraînement entraîné par des moyens d'entraînement indépendants des moyens d'entraînement du système d'alimentation 4. Ces moyens d'entraînement étant eux-mêmes classiques ne sont pas représentés dans les figures pour la clarté des dessins.Preferably, and to allow an adjustable rotation speed at will, different from that of the feed system 4, the rotary carding member 12 comprises a drive shaft driven by drive means independent of the drive means of the supply system 4. These drive means being themselves conventional are not shown in the figures for clarity of the drawings.

Selon un mode de réalisation actuellement préféré, l'organe de cardage rotatif 12 comprend un disque 14 solidaire de l'arbre d'entraînement 16, ledit disque 14 étant pourvu d'un ou plusieurs doigts tels que 18, 20 disposés parallèlement à l'arbre d'entraînement 16 et s'étendant en direction du système d'alimen­tation des fibres 4, comme cela est clairement compréhensible à partir de la considération des figures 1 et 3.According to a currently preferred embodiment, the rotary carding member 12 comprises a disc 14 integral with the drive shaft 16, said disc 14 being provided with one or several fingers such as 18, 20 arranged parallel to the drive shaft 16 and extending in the direction of the fiber supply system 4, as is clearly understood from the consideration of FIGS. 1 and 3.

Selon une réalisation plus avantageuse, l'organe de cardage 12 comprend en outre un disque mobile 22, monté déplaçable en translation sur les doigts 18, 20, ce qui permet de régler à volonté le débit de cardage des fibres, de manière à l'augmenter ou le réduire. Ce disque mobile peut être positionné à des posi­tions discrètes prédéterminées prévues sur l'arbre 16 et/ou un tube de guidage 28 décrit plus loin, en fonction du débit désiré. Plus le débit de fibres désiré sera grand, plus le disque mobile 22 sera éloigné de l'extrémité 4a du système d'alimentation, et plus le cardage sera grossier. Le disque mobile 22 peut être avantageu­seument ajouré à sa périphérie en comportant des échancrures 23 pour favoriser un écoulement régulier des fibres en évitant un bour­rage.According to a more advantageous embodiment, the carding member 12 further comprises a movable disc 22, mounted displaceable in translation on the fingers 18, 20, which allows to adjust at will the carding flow of the fibers, so as to increase or decrease it. This movable disc can be positioned at predetermined discrete positions provided on the shaft 16 and / or a guide tube 28 described below, depending on the desired flow rate. The greater the desired fiber flow, the further the moving disc 22 will be from the end 4a of the feeding system, and the coarser the carding. The movable disc 22 can advantageously be perforated at its periphery by including notches 23 to promote a regular flow of the fibers while avoiding jamming.

D'autre part, selon la vitesse de rotation impartie aux doigts 18, 20, on règle à volonté la longueur des fibres étant donné que les fibres s'enroulent sur les doigts puis sont cassées par ceux-ci.On the other hand, depending on the speed of rotation imparted to the fingers 18, 20, the length of the fibers is adjusted as desired since the fibers are wound on the fingers and then are broken by them.

Ainsi, les doigts 18, 20 ont non seulement une fonction de cardage, ou démêlage des fibres, mais encore une fonction de découpe qui est liée à leur vitesse de rotation.Thus, the fingers 18, 20 not only have a carding or disentangling function of the fibers, but also a cutting function which is linked to their speed of rotation.

Avantageusement, on prévoit un élément de pro­tection 24, disposé au-dessus de l'appareil de cardage disposé dans la trémie, afin d'éviter que des fibres se trouvant dans la trémie soient prises directement par l'appareil de cardage 10 au lieu d'être entraînées par le système d'alimentation 4. Ainsi, cet élément de protection 24 se prolonge même au-delà de l'extré­mité 4a aval du système d'alimentation 4 comme cela est clairement visible à la figure 1, c'est-à-dire en amont de l'extrémité 4a. En pratique cet élément de proctection est formé par un tube dans lequel a eté pratiqué l'ouverture 6.Advantageously, a protective element 24 is provided, arranged above the carding device disposed in the hopper, in order to prevent fibers in the hopper from being taken directly by the carding device 10 instead of 'be driven by the supply system 4. Thus, this protective element 24 extends even beyond the downstream end 4a of the supply system 4 as is clearly visible in Figure 1, that is ie upstream of the end 4a. In practice, this protective element is formed by a tube in which the opening 6 has been made.

On peut également prévoir dans la trémie, au-dessus du système d'alimentation 4, un dispositif de malaxage 30 qui est représenté plus en détail à la figure 2. Ce dispositif de malaxage 30 comprend par exemple un arbre d'entraînement 32 mû dans le sens de rotation R₁, et pourvu de bras transversaux 34 comportant à leurs extrémités libres des plaques 36 polygonales pouvant par exemple être trapézoïdales.One can also provide in the hopper, above the feed system 4, a kneading device 30 which is shown in more detail in FIG. 2. This kneading device 30 comprises for example a drive shaft 32 moved in the direction of rotation R₁, and provided with transverse arms 34 comprising at their free ends polygonal plates 36 which can for example be trapezoidal.

D'autre part, on peut prévoir dans un caisson 40 disposé en-dessous et autour de l'ouverture 6 de la trémie 2, un appareil de cardage auxiliaire 42 disposé pour recevoir les fibres depuis l'ouverture 6 de la trémie 2, qui sont déjà au moins en partie cardées, ce qui améliore la finition pour certaines fibres minérales dures, telles que les fibres minérales de carborindon.On the other hand, one can provide in a box 40 arranged below and around the opening 6 of the hopper 2, an auxiliary carding device 42 arranged to receive the fibers from the opening 6 of the hopper 2, which are already at least partially carded, which improves the finish for certain hard mineral fibers, such as carborindon mineral fibers.

Cet appareil de cardage auxiliaire 42 est plus précisément représenté à la figure 4. Il comprend un dispositif de cardage proprement dit disposé sous l'ouverture comprenant au moins deux tambours rotatifs 44, 46 comportant des doigts tels que 48, 50 transversaux. Ces tambours rotatifs 44, 46 tournent en sens inverse par exemple dans le sens de rotation R₁ et R₂.This auxiliary carding device 42 is more precisely represented in FIG. 4. It comprises a carding device proper disposed under the opening comprising at least two rotary drums 44, 46 comprising fingers such as 48, 50 transverse. These rotary drums 44, 46 rotate in the opposite direction, for example in the direction of rotation R₁ and R₂.

En-dessous de cet appareil de cardage auxiliaire 42, on peut prévoir, toujours dans le caisson 40, un rotor d'alimen­tation 54 pourvu d'un certain nombre de pales 56 en forme de U, en-dessous de l'appareil de cardage auxiliaire 42, et acheminant les fibres cardées à une ouverture de distribution des fibres 58.Below this auxiliary carding device 42, there can be provided, still in the box 40, a feed rotor 54 provided with a number of blades 56 in the shape of a U, below the carding device auxiliary 42, and routing the carded fibers to a fiber distribution opening 58.

On peut prévoir à la base du caisson 40, qui est de forme sensiblement cylindrique autour du rotor d'alimentation 54, à son niveau le plus bas, un bossage 60 définissant une rigole 62 formant un conduit d'évacuation des fibres cardées jusqu'à l'ouver­ture de distribution 58.Can be provided at the base of the box 40, which is of substantially cylindrical shape around the feed rotor 54, at its lowest level, a boss 60 defining a channel 62 forming a conduit for evacuating the carded fibers up to the distribution opening 58.

Pour faciliter cette distribution, on peut prévoir un système de distribution des fibres pneumatique en envoyant un flux d'air par une entrée d'air 64 disposée à l'opposé de la sortie 58, comme cela est clairement visible aux figures 1 et 5.To facilitate this distribution, a pneumatic fiber distribution system can be provided by sending an air flow through an air inlet 64 arranged opposite the outlet 58, as is clearly visible in FIGS. 1 and 5.

De manière avantageuse, on peut prévoir sur l'appareil de cardage 10, un tube de guidage 26 solidaire du disque 14 et donc de l'arbre d'entraînement 16 précité. Ce tube de guidage 26 vient s'emmancher librement autour du système d'alimen­tation rotatif 4 et comporte des roulements par exemple à billes. Ce tube de guidage 26 permet donc d'assurer un guidage ou support de l'organe de cardage ainsi que sa coaxialité avec le système d'alimentation 4. On prévoit naturel­lement des éléments d'étanchéité à l'entrée du tube de guidage 26 pour éviter que des fibres ne pénètrent à l'intérieur de celui-ci, donc dans les roulements, et ne perturbent la rotation de l'ogane de cardage 12.Advantageously, one can provide on the carding apparatus 10, a guide tube 26 integral with the disc 14 and therefore with the aforementioned drive shaft 16. This guide tube 26 is freely fitted around the rotary supply system 4 and includes bearings, for example ball bearings. This guide tube 26 therefore ensures guiding or support of the carding member as well as its coaxiality with the supply system 4. Naturally, sealing elements are provided at the entrance to the guide tube 26 to prevent fibers do not penetrate inside of it, therefore in the bearings, and do not disturb the rotation of the carding assembly 12.

On peut prévoir en outre en-dessous de l'appareil de cardage auxiliaire 42 une trappe de cardage 70, ce qui permet encore d'améliorer de manière significative la régularité du débit des fibres.Provision may also be made below the auxiliary carding device 42 for a carding flap 70, which again makes it possible to significantly improve the regularity of the flow rate of the fibers.

Le fonctionnement de cette machine à carder est extrêmement simple et est le suivant :The operation of this carding machine is extremely simple and is as follows:

Des fibres, par exemple des fibres de laine sont alimentées depuis une réserve dans la trémie 2 où elles passent tout d'abord dans le dispositif de malaxage 30 qui peut par exemple tourner à une vitesse de rotation de 10 à 60 t/min puis ces fibres malaxées sont entraînées par le système d'alimentation 4 qui peut par exemple tourner à une vitesse de rotation de 4 à 50 t/min pour être prises ensuite par l'appareil de cardage 10 tournant en sens inverse, par exemple à une vitesse de rotation de 1 200 t/min.Fibers, for example wool fibers are fed from a reserve in the hopper 2 where they pass first of all through the kneading device 30 which can for example rotate at a rotation speed of 10 to 60 rpm then these kneaded fibers are entrained by the feed system 4 which can, for example, rotate at a speed of rotation from 4 to 50 rpm to then be taken up by the carding device 10 rotating in opposite directions, for example at a speed of 1,200 rpm rotation.

Grâce à cette vitesse de rotation élevée de l'appareil de cardage 10 par rapport au système d'alimentation 4, on obtient un cardage des fibres et une découpe de celles-ci par la présence des doigts tels que 18, 20.Thanks to this high speed of rotation of the carding device 10 relative to the feeding system 4, a carding of the fibers and a cutting of the latter are obtained by the presence of fingers such as 18, 20.

En outre, grâce à la présence du disque mobile 22, on peut régler à volonté le débit de cardage de manière très précise en fonction de la vitesse de rotation, ainsi que la longueur des fibres.In addition, thanks to the presence of the movable disc 22, the carding flow rate can be adjusted very precisely as desired as a function of the speed of rotation, as well as the length of the fibers.

Les fibres cardées et découpées tombent ensuite par l'ouverture 6 dont la dimension est réglée par la trappe de régulation 8, éventuellement dans l'appareil de cardage auxiliaire 42 dont les tambours rotatifs 44, 46 peuvent tourner à une vitesse de rotation comprise entre 180 et 1 800 t/min, ces tambours 44, 46 tournant à la même vitesse de rotation, mais en sens inverse.The carded and cut fibers then fall through the opening 6, the size of which is adjusted by the regulating flap 8, possibly in the auxiliary carding apparatus 42, the rotary drums 44, 46 of which can rotate at a speed of rotation of between 180 and 1,800 rpm, these drums 44, 46 rotating at the same speed of rotation, but in the opposite direction.

Les fibres ainsi cardées tombent ensuite dans la partie inférieure du caisson 40 dans laquelle est disposé le rotor 54 pourvu des pales 56 et les achemine jusqu'au bossage inférieur 60, c'est-à-dire dans la rigole 62. Les fibres cardées et découpées, sont alors entraînées de préférence par le système de distribution des fibres pneumatique qui les évacue par la sortie 58. Grâce à la pression de l'air utilisé, qui peut être réglée entre 0 et 300 mbar, on peut obtenir une projection des fibres contre une paroi quelconque et/ou une injection de ces fibres dans un appareil quelconque avec une régularité jamais atteinte jusqu'à présent, à un débit très précis, qui peut être réglé à volonté tout en permettant de régler la longueur des fibres également à volonté. La vitesse de rotation du rotor 54 peut être par exemple de 10 à 60 t/min.The fibers thus carded then fall into the lower part of the box 40 in which is arranged the rotor 54 provided with blades 56 and routes them to the lower boss 60, that is to say in the channel 62. The carded fibers and cut, are then preferably driven by the pneumatic fiber distribution system which evacuates them through outlet 58. Thanks to the pressure of the air used, which can be adjusted between 0 and 300 mbar, it is possible to obtain a projection of the fibers against any wall and / or an injection of these fibers into any device with a regularity never achieved until now, at a very precise rate, which can be adjusted at will while allowing the length of the fibers to be adjusted also at will . The speed of rotation of the rotor 54 may for example be from 10 to 60 rpm.

On comprend ainsi que la présente invention permet de fournir, d'une manière tout à fait inattendue, une machine à carder des fibres pratiquement universelle, permettant de nombreux réglages que ce soit en ce qui concerne le débit d'alimentation des fibres ou encore la longueur de ces fibres. Tout type de fibres peut être utilisé, mais l'utilisation préférée concerne les fibres de laine encore dénommées fibres de laine minérale comme les fibres de laine de roche ou de laine de verre ou encore de carborindon. Ces fibres peuvent alors être projetées par la machine selon l'in­vention contre des surfaces à protéger, à rendre réfractaires com- me les surfaces de fours de traitement d'hydrocarbures.It will thus be understood that the present invention makes it possible to provide, in a completely unexpected manner, a practically universal fiber carding machine, allowing numerous adjustments, whether as regards the fiber feed rate or even the length of these fibers. Any type of fiber can be used, but the preferred use relates to wool fibers also known as mineral wool fibers such as rock wool or glass wool fibers or carborindon. These fibers can then be sprayed by the machine according to the invention against surfaces to be protected, to be made refractory like the surfaces of hydrocarbon treatment furnaces.

La présente invention comprend naturellement tous les moyens constituant des équivalents techniques, des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs diverses combinaisons.The present invention naturally includes all the means constituting technical equivalents, the means described and their various combinations.

Claims (10)

1. Machine à carder des fibres, notamment des fibres de laine minérale, comprenant une trémie (2) à fibres pourvue d'un système d'alimentation rotatif (4), tel qu'une vis, mû dans un premier sens de rotation, alimentant les fibres à une ouverture (6) disposée vers le fond de la trémie (2) éventuellement obturée au moins en partie par une trappe (8) de régulation du débit des fibres, un appareil de cardage (10) étant prévu pour carder les fibres, et un rotor (54) d'alimentation étant disposé en-dessous de l'appareil de cardage (10) et acheminant les fibres cardées à une ouverture de distribution des fibres (58), caractérisée en ce que l'appareil de cardage (10) est disposé dans la trémie (2), au voisinage de son ouverture (6), ledit appareil de cardage (10) comportant un organe rotatif (12) disposé coaxialement au système d'alimen­tation (4), en étant mû d'un sens de rotation inverse (R₂) de celui (R₁) du système d'alimentation (4).1. Carding machine for fibers, in particular mineral wool fibers, comprising a fiber hopper (2) provided with a rotary feeding system (4), such as a screw, moved in a first direction of rotation, feeding the fibers to an opening (6) arranged towards the bottom of the hopper (2) possibly closed at least in part by a flap (8) for regulating the flow of fibers, a carding device (10) being provided for carding the fibers, and a feed rotor (54) being disposed below the carding apparatus (10) and conveying the carded fibers to a fiber distribution opening (58), characterized in that the carding apparatus (10) is disposed in the hopper (2), in the vicinity of its opening (6), said carding device (10) comprising a rotary member (12) arranged coaxially with the feeding system (4), being moved by 'a reverse direction of rotation (R₂) from that (R₁) of the supply system (4). 2. Machine selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'organe de cardage (12) comprend un disque (14) solidaire d'un arbre d'entraînement (16), ledit disque (14) étant pourvu d'un ou plusieurs doigts (18, 20) disposés parallèlement à l'arbre d'entraînement (16) et s'étendant en direction du système d'ali­mentation des fibres (4).2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the carding member (12) comprises a disc (14) integral with a drive shaft (16), said disc (14) being provided with one or more fingers (18, 20) arranged parallel to the drive shaft (16) and extending towards the fiber supply system (4). 3. Machine selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que l'organe de cardage (12) comprend un disque mobile (22) monté déplaçable en translation sur les doigts (18, 20).3. Machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the carding member (12) comprises a movable disc (22) mounted movable in translation on the fingers (18, 20). 4. Machine selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisée en ce que l'organe de cardage (12) comprend un tube de guidage (26) solidaire du disque (14) et donc de l'arbre d'entraînement (16), ledit tube de guidage (26) venant s'emmancher librement autour du système d'alimentation rotatif (4).4. Machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the carding member (12) comprises a guide tube (26) integral with the disc (14) and therefore with the drive shaft (16), said guide tube (26) freely fitting around the rotary supply system (4). 5. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un élément de protection (24) de l'appareil de cardage (10) disposé au-dessus de l'appareil de cardage (10) et s'étendant avantageusement au-delà de l'extrémité aval (4a) du système d'alimentation (4).5. Machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a protective element (24) of the carding device (10) disposed above the carding device (10) and advantageously extending beyond the downstream end (4a) of the supply system (4). 6. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un appareil de cardage auxiliaire (42) disposé pour recevoir les fibres au moins en partie cardées depuis l'ouverture (6) de la trémie (2), et comprenant un dispositif de cardage proprement dit pourvu d'au moins deux tambours rotatifs (44, 46) comportant des doigts (48, 50) trans­versaux, lesdits tambours (44, 46) tournant en sens inverse.6. Machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises an auxiliary carding device (42) arranged to receive the fibers at least partially carded from the opening (6) of the hopper ( 2), and comprising a carding device proper provided with at least two rotary drums (44, 46) comprising fingers (48, 50) transverse, said drums (44, 46) rotating in opposite directions. 7. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que les moyens d'entraînement de l'appareil de cardage (10) sont indépendants des moyens d'entraînement du système d'alimentation rotatif (4).7. Machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the drive means of the carding device (10) are independent of the drive means of the rotary feeding system (4). 8. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un dispositif de malaxage (30) disposé au-dessus du système d'alimentation (4).8. Machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a kneading device (30) disposed above the supply system (4). 9. Machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un système de distribution des fibres pneumatique.9. Machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises a pneumatic fiber distribution system. 10. Machine selon l'une des revendications 3 à 9, carac­térisée en ce que le disque mobile précité est ajouré à sa périphé­rie, en présentant des échancrures (23).10. Machine according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the aforementioned movable disc is perforated at its periphery, having notches (23).
EP87402611A 1987-01-09 1987-11-19 Carding machine for processing mineral wool fibres Withdrawn EP0277438A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8700177 1987-01-09
FR8700177A FR2609475B1 (en) 1987-01-09 1987-01-09 FIBER CARDING MACHINE, PARTICULARLY MINERAL WOOL FIBERS, COMPRISING A HOPPER PROVIDED WITH A ROTATING FIBER CARDING AND CUTTING MEMBER

Publications (1)

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EP0277438A1 true EP0277438A1 (en) 1988-08-10

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EP87402611A Withdrawn EP0277438A1 (en) 1987-01-09 1987-11-19 Carding machine for processing mineral wool fibres

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EP (1) EP0277438A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2609475B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110205713A (en) * 2019-06-10 2019-09-06 温州乐发教育科技有限公司 A kind of wool removal of impurities carding apparatus

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE361839C (en) * 1918-08-21 1922-10-21 Bohumil Jirotka Machine for opening fibers
GB1009284A (en) * 1964-02-19 1965-11-10 Isolier Und Kaltetechnik Rosto Opening and feeding device for fibre materials, such as asbestos, slag wool or the like
US3916040A (en) * 1974-01-29 1975-10-28 West Point Pepperell Inc Process for manufacturing flock

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE361839C (en) * 1918-08-21 1922-10-21 Bohumil Jirotka Machine for opening fibers
GB1009284A (en) * 1964-02-19 1965-11-10 Isolier Und Kaltetechnik Rosto Opening and feeding device for fibre materials, such as asbestos, slag wool or the like
US3916040A (en) * 1974-01-29 1975-10-28 West Point Pepperell Inc Process for manufacturing flock

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110205713A (en) * 2019-06-10 2019-09-06 温州乐发教育科技有限公司 A kind of wool removal of impurities carding apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2609475A1 (en) 1988-07-15
FR2609475B1 (en) 1991-01-25

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