EP0276800B1 - Device for displaying a composite image - Google Patents

Device for displaying a composite image Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0276800B1
EP0276800B1 EP88101043A EP88101043A EP0276800B1 EP 0276800 B1 EP0276800 B1 EP 0276800B1 EP 88101043 A EP88101043 A EP 88101043A EP 88101043 A EP88101043 A EP 88101043A EP 0276800 B1 EP0276800 B1 EP 0276800B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
image
screen
sources
control
composite
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP88101043A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0276800A2 (en
EP0276800A3 (en
Inventor
Ludwig Dr. Ing. Pietzsch
Detlef Dr. Ing. Senger
Horst Dipl.-Inf. Winter
Hubert Dipl.-Inf. Völlinger
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IBP Pietzsch GmbH
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IBP Pietzsch GmbH
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Publication of EP0276800A3 publication Critical patent/EP0276800A3/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/36—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of a graphic pattern, e.g. using an all-points-addressable [APA] memory
    • G09G5/39—Control of the bit-mapped memory
    • G09G5/395—Arrangements specially adapted for transferring the contents of the bit-mapped memory to the screen

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for displaying an overall digital image on a screen of a screen device, which is composed of several natural moving and / or synthetic partial images supplied by different sources.
  • the display of an image on the screen of a display device is represented by a large number of lines, e.g. 625, which are traversed by an electron beam.
  • lines e.g. 625
  • the entire process is repeated. So that the electron beam travels the lines regularly, it must be synchronized in the horizontal and vertical directions.
  • the clock for the horizontal synchronization the line clock, the electron beam is clocked from one line to the next line, while it returns with the clock for the vertical synchronization, the image clock, back to the beginning of the picture and moves the screen again line by line.
  • This well-known principle can be used to display color or gray values at defined points on the screen that are not from the connected image source, e.g. TV cameras.
  • Methods for superimposing graphic elements in the image of a screen device are already known (DE-A-34 10 662).
  • Techniques such as "picture in picture” in analog studio technology or window techniques in screen-supported computer workstations which work with purely synthetic raster images (DE-B-30 35 636) are also known.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and a device of the type mentioned that enable an improved overall representation of at least two partial images generated by different sources on a screen.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to display images, in particular on high-resolution screens, which keep pace from pixel to pixel, from line to line and from image to image with the pixel frequency of a few 10 MHz can be composed of changing partial images from different sources, the image sources being able to work asynchronously and with different image generation frequencies.
  • three TV cameras 1, raster graphics generators 2 and mass memories 3 for digital image data are provided for generating images as "sources", each of which has its own buffer memories 11 to 13, 14 to 16 and 17 to 19 assigned.
  • the TV cameras 1, raster graphics generators 2 and mass storage 3 transmit their information asynchronously and thus independently of one another in each case to a buffer memory 11 to 19 which can be written to or read via various inputs and outputs (“dual port”). While the writing can take place at different data rates, the reading and transfer of the data to an interface circuit 25 for a screen or monitor 30 on which the image information is to be displayed is synchronized via a central clock control 20.
  • the clock rate must at least correspond to the video frequency. In the case of high-resolution screens, it must even be a multiple of the video frequency in order to produce a flicker-free picture.
  • the buffer memory 11 to 19, which is normally Images or partial images are not read out one after the other or according to another fixed scheme and are displayed on the monitor 30, but the monitor image can basically be composed point by point from points from different sources 1 and / or 2 and / or 3.
  • a mask memory 21, which can be loaded from a control computer 24, is provided, the content of which is transferred to a control network 23 at the pixel frequency.
  • the control network 23 connects one bit of the mask memory output register 22 to the control part 31 to 39 of the buffer memory 11 to 19 of a source 1, 2, 3.
  • the mask memory 21 is constructed in such a way that the data width (data word) that can be read out in parallel corresponds exactly to the number of sources, and if the mask memory 21 is loaded such that one bit is set for each data word, a selection of the pixel to be displayed can be made from pixel to pixel from the pixels of all available sources 1, 2, 3.
  • control of the buffer memory is additionally provided with four loadable registers or counters 40, then partial images of various formats can be used as the source and inserted at any point in the overall image, since the starting point of the partial image (top left corner) can be preset by suitably setting the counter 40. can be determined relative to the overall picture.
  • One counter indicates the line offset, the second the pixel shift in the line and the further counters run along to the end of the line or to the last line of the field.
  • the counters 40 are preset according to the picture size and the desired picture position in the overall picture via the data collecting lines (bus) 41.
  • the control information specified by the mask memory 21 finally causes in the control of the buffer memory 11 to 19 that the gray value or color value of the pixel to be displayed is passed on from the selected source via the data collection line 42 to the interface circuit 25.
  • the gray values or colors are transmitted to the interface circuit 25 pixel by pixel as they are continuously required for the display. Regarding the arrangement, it does not matter what size the overall picture has in relation to the size of the drawing files and how the drawing files or parts of the drawing files are put together.
  • text can be faded in at any point on the screen, either "into space” or via already defined drawing files.
  • a "panorama image” can be displayed on the screen by combining the partial images obtained.
  • a corresponding map section can be shown in the overall display, in which the viewing direction of the television camera as an arrow or Like. is representable. The camera can be swiveled in this direction by marking a desired direction on the map section shown using a light pen, by touching or the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)
  • Studio Circuits (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zur Darstellung eines digitalen Gesamtbildes auf einem Bildschirm eines Bildschirmgerätes, das aus mehreren natürlichen bewegten und/oder synthetischen, von verschiedenen Quellen gelieferten Teilbildern zusammengesetzt ist.The invention relates to a device for displaying an overall digital image on a screen of a screen device, which is composed of several natural moving and / or synthetic partial images supplied by different sources.

Die Darstellung eines Bildes auf dem Bildschirm eines Bildschirmgerätes wird durch eine Vielzahl von Zeilen, z.B. 625, erreicht, die von einem Elektronenstrahl abgefahren werden. Wenn der Elektronenstrahl alle Zeilen des Bildschirms abgefahren hat, wiederholt sich der gesamte Vorgang. Damit der Elektronenstrahl regelmäßig die Zeilen abfährt, muß er in horizontaler und in vertikaler Richtung synchronisiert werden. Mit dem Takt für die horizontale Synchronisation, dem Zeilentakt, wird der Elektronenstrahl von einer Zeile zur nächsten Zeile getaktet, während er mit dem Takt für die vertikale Synchronisation, dem Bildtakt, wieder zum Bildanfang zurückkehrt und erneut Zeile für Zeile den Bildschirm abfährt.The display of an image on the screen of a display device is represented by a large number of lines, e.g. 625, which are traversed by an electron beam. When the electron beam has scanned all the lines on the screen, the entire process is repeated. So that the electron beam travels the lines regularly, it must be synchronized in the horizontal and vertical directions. With the clock for the horizontal synchronization, the line clock, the electron beam is clocked from one line to the next line, while it returns with the clock for the vertical synchronization, the image clock, back to the beginning of the picture and moves the screen again line by line.

Bildschirmgeräte zur Darstellung von Zeichen und Graphik weisen im Gegensatz zum gewöhnlichen Fernsehen noch einen weiteren Takt neben dem Zeilentakt und dem Bildtakt auf. Mit diesem Takt, dem Bildpunkttakt ("Dotclock"), wird jede Zeile in eine Vielzahl von Punkten zerlegt. Der Elektronenstrahl läuft hierbei zwar wie beim gewöhnlichen Fernsehen kontinuierlich auf einer Zeile entlang, seine Hell-Dunkel-Ansteuerung wird jedoch vom Bildpunkttakt getaktet, so daß die Auflösung der Bildpunkte durch die Periode des Bildpunkttaktes festgelegt wird.In contrast to ordinary television, screen devices for displaying characters and graphics have a further clock in addition to the line clock and the image clock. With this clock, the dot clock, each line is broken down into a large number of points. The electron beam runs continuously along a line as in normal television, but its light-dark control is clocked by the pixel clock, so that the resolution of the pixels is determined by the period of the pixel clock.

Dieses bekannte Prinzip kann man dazu nutzen, an definierten Stellen des Bildschirms Farb- oder Grauwerte einzublenden, die nicht von der angeschlossenen Bildquelle, z.B. Fernsehkameras, geliefert werden. Verfahren für die Einblendung von graphischen Elementen in das Bild eines Bildschirmgerätes sind bereits bekannt (DE-A- 34 10 662). Auch sind Techniken wie "Bild im Bild" bei analoger Studiotechnik bekannt oder Fenstertechniken bei bildschirmgestützten Rechnerarbeitsplätzen, die mit rein synthetischen Rasterbildern arbeiten (DE-B-30 35 636).This well-known principle can be used to display color or gray values at defined points on the screen that are not from the connected image source, e.g. TV cameras. Methods for superimposing graphic elements in the image of a screen device are already known (DE-A-34 10 662). Techniques such as "picture in picture" in analog studio technology or window techniques in screen-supported computer workstations which work with purely synthetic raster images (DE-B-30 35 636) are also known.

Aus der GB-A-20 99 269 ist es bekannt, ein Gesamtbild aus mehreren von Bildspeichern gelieferten, synthetischen Teilbildern zusammenzusetzen, wobei jedes Bildelement in dem Speicher jeweils mit einem Prioritätswert verknüpft wird und das Bildelement mit dem höchsten Prioritätswert Zugriff auf einen Videodatenbus erhält, um auf einem Bildschirm dargestellt zu werden.From GB-A-20 99 269 it is known to assemble an overall picture from a plurality of synthetic partial pictures supplied by picture memories, each picture element in the memory being associated with a priority value and the picture element with the highest priority value being given access to a video data bus, to be displayed on a screen.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Einrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die eine verbesserte Gesamtdarstellung mindestens zweier von unterschiedlichen Quellen generierter Teilbilder auf einen Bildschirm ermöglichen.The invention has for its object to provide a method and a device of the type mentioned that enable an improved overall representation of at least two partial images generated by different sources on a screen.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sind bei einer Einrichtung gemäß der Erfindung die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 vorgesehen. Die Einrichtung nach der Erfindung erlaubt es, Bilder insbesondere auf hochauflösenden Bildschirmen darzustellen, die von Bildpunkt zu Bildpunkt, von Zeile zu Zeile und von Bild zu Bild schritthaltend mit der Bildpunktfrequenz von einigen 10 MHz aus wechselnden Teilbildern verschiedener Quellen zusammengesetzt werden können, wobei die Bildquellen asynchron und mit verschiedenen Bilderzeugungsfrequenzen arbeiten können.To achieve this object, the features of claim 1 are provided in a device according to the invention. The device according to the invention makes it possible to display images, in particular on high-resolution screens, which keep pace from pixel to pixel, from line to line and from image to image with the pixel frequency of a few 10 MHz can be composed of changing partial images from different sources, the image sources being able to work asynchronously and with different image generation frequencies.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen unter Schutz gestellt.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are protected in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung ist im folgenden anhand einer Zeichnung an einem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert.The invention is explained below with reference to a drawing of an embodiment.

Bei der in der Figur gezeigten Einrichtung sind zum Generieren von Bildern als "Quellen" je drei TV-Kameras 1, Rastergraphik-Generatoren 2 und Massenspeicher 3 für digitale Bilddaten vorgesehen, denen jeweils eigene Pufferspeicher 11 bis 13, 14 bis 16 und 17 bis 19 zugeordnet sind. Die TV-Kameras 1, Rastergraphik-Generatoren 2 und Massenspeicher 3 übertragen ihre Informationen asynchron und damit unabhängig voneinander in jeweils einen Pufferspeicher 11 bis 19, der über verschiedene Ein- und Ausgänge beschrieben bzw. gelesen werden kann ("Dual-Port"). Während das Einschreiben mit unterschiedlichen Datenraten erfolgen kann, wird über eine zentrale Taktsteuerung 20 das Auslesen und Übergeben der Daten an eine Interface-Schaltung 25 für einen Bildschirm oder Monitor 30, auf dem die Bildinformationen dargestellt werden sollen, synchronisiert. Dabei muß die Taktrate mindestens der Videofrequenz entsprechen. Bei hochauflösenden Bildschirmen muß sie sogar ein Mehrfaches der Videofrequenz betragen, um ein flackerfreies Bild zu erzeugen.In the device shown in the figure, three TV cameras 1, raster graphics generators 2 and mass memories 3 for digital image data are provided for generating images as "sources", each of which has its own buffer memories 11 to 13, 14 to 16 and 17 to 19 assigned. The TV cameras 1, raster graphics generators 2 and mass storage 3 transmit their information asynchronously and thus independently of one another in each case to a buffer memory 11 to 19 which can be written to or read via various inputs and outputs (“dual port”). While the writing can take place at different data rates, the reading and transfer of the data to an interface circuit 25 for a screen or monitor 30 on which the image information is to be displayed is synchronized via a central clock control 20. The clock rate must at least correspond to the video frequency. In the case of high-resolution screens, it must even be a multiple of the video frequency in order to produce a flicker-free picture.

Die Pufferspeicher 11 bis 19, die im Normalfall Bilder oder Teilbilder enthalten, werden nicht nacheinander oder nach einem anderen festen Schema ausgelesen und zur Darstellung auf den Monitor 30 gebracht, sondern das Monitorbild kann grundsätzlich Punkt für Punkt aus Punkten unterschiedlicher Quellen 1 und/oder 2 und/oder 3 zusammengesetzt werden. Dazu ist ein von einem Steuerrechner 24 aus ladbarer Maskenspeicher 21 vorgesehen, dessen Inhalt mit der Bildpunktfrequenz auf ein Steuernetzwerk 23 gegeben wird. Das Steuernetzwerk 23 verbindet jeweils ein Bit des Maskenspeicher-Ausgangsregisters 22 mit dem Steuerteil 31 bis 39 des Pufferspeichers 11 bis 19 einer Quelle 1, 2 ,3. Wird der Maskenspeicher 21 so aufgebaut, daß die parallel auslesbare Datenbreite (Datenwort) genau der Anzahl der Quellen entspricht, und wird der Maskenspeicher 21 so geladen, daß je Datenwort gerade ein Bit gesetzt ist, so kann von Bildpunkt zu Bildpunkt eine Auswahl des darzustellenden Bildpunktes aus den Bildpunkten aller zur Verfügung stehenden Quellen 1, 2, 3 erfolgen.The buffer memory 11 to 19, which is normally Images or partial images are not read out one after the other or according to another fixed scheme and are displayed on the monitor 30, but the monitor image can basically be composed point by point from points from different sources 1 and / or 2 and / or 3. For this purpose, a mask memory 21, which can be loaded from a control computer 24, is provided, the content of which is transferred to a control network 23 at the pixel frequency. The control network 23 connects one bit of the mask memory output register 22 to the control part 31 to 39 of the buffer memory 11 to 19 of a source 1, 2, 3. If the mask memory 21 is constructed in such a way that the data width (data word) that can be read out in parallel corresponds exactly to the number of sources, and if the mask memory 21 is loaded such that one bit is set for each data word, a selection of the pixel to be displayed can be made from pixel to pixel from the pixels of all available sources 1, 2, 3.

Werden mehrere Bildpunkte hintereinander und mehrere Zeilen bzw. Zeilenstücke untereinander von der gleichen Quelle gespeist, so entstehen wiederum Teilbilder.If several pixels are fed in succession and several lines or line segments are fed from the same source, sub-images are again created.

Versieht man die Steuerung der Pufferspeicher zusätzlich mit vier ladbaren Registern oder Zählern 40, so können Teilbilder unterschiedlichsten Formates als Quelle herangezogen werden und an beliebige Stellen in das Gesamtbild eingefügt werden, da durch geeignetes Vorbesetzen der Zähler 40 der Anfangspunkt des Teilbildes (linke obere Ecke) relativ zum darstellenden Gesamtbild bestimmt werden kann. Dabei gibt ein Zähler den Zeilenversatz an, der zweite die Bildpunktverschiebung in der Zeile und die weiteren Zähler laufen jeweils bis zum Zeilenende bzw. zur letzten Zeile des Teilbildes mit.If the control of the buffer memory is additionally provided with four loadable registers or counters 40, then partial images of various formats can be used as the source and inserted at any point in the overall image, since the starting point of the partial image (top left corner) can be preset by suitably setting the counter 40. can be determined relative to the overall picture. One counter indicates the line offset, the second the pixel shift in the line and the further counters run along to the end of the line or to the last line of the field.

Die Zähler 40 werden entsprechend der Bildgröße und der gewünschten Bildlage im Gesamtbild über die Datensammelleitungen (Bus) 41 vorbesetzt.The counters 40 are preset according to the picture size and the desired picture position in the overall picture via the data collecting lines (bus) 41.

Die durch den Maskenspeicher 21 vorgegebenen Steuerinformationen veranlassen schließlich in der Steuerung des Pufferspeichers 11 bis 19, daß der Grauwert bzw. Farbwert des gerade darzustellenden Bildpunktes von der ausgewählten Quelle über die Datensammelleitung 42 zur Interface-Schaltung 25 weitergeleitet wird.The control information specified by the mask memory 21 finally causes in the control of the buffer memory 11 to 19 that the gray value or color value of the pixel to be displayed is passed on from the selected source via the data collection line 42 to the interface circuit 25.

An die Interface-Schaltung 25 werden somit Bildpunkt für Bildpunkt die Grauwerte bzw. Farben übertragen, wie sie fortlaufend für die Darstellung benötigt werden. Dabei spielt es von der Anordnung her keine Rolle, welche Größe das Gesamtbild im Verhältnis zur Größe der Teilbilder hat und wie die Teilbilder bzw. Teile der Teilbilder zusammengesetzt werden.The gray values or colors are transmitted to the interface circuit 25 pixel by pixel as they are continuously required for the display. Regarding the arrangement, it does not matter what size the overall picture has in relation to the size of the drawing files and how the drawing files or parts of the drawing files are put together.

Mit der beschriebenen Einrichtung läßt sich beispielsweise an beliebigen Stellen des Bildschirms Text einblenden, und zwar entweder "ins Leere" oder über bereits definierte Teilbilder. Bei einer anderen Anwendung, bei der die Quellen von verschiedenen Fernsehkameras gebildet sind, die an unterschiedlichen Orten aufgestellt und/oder mit unterschiedlichen Blickwinkeln ausgerichtet sind, läßt sich auf dem Bildschirm durch Zusammensetzen der gewonnenen Teilbilder ein "Panoramabild" auf dem Bildschirm darstellen. Davon unabhängig oder zusätzlich kann ein entsprechender Kartenausschnitt in die Gesamtdarstellung eingeblendet werden, in welcher die Blickrichtung der Fernsehkamera als Pfeil oder dgl. darstellbar ist. Durch Markieren einer gewünschten Richtung auf dem abgebildeten Kartenausschnitt mittels Lichtgriffel, durch Berühren oder dgl. läßt sich die Kamera in diese Richtung schwenken.With the described device, for example, text can be faded in at any point on the screen, either "into space" or via already defined drawing files. In another application, in which the sources are formed by different television cameras, which are set up at different locations and / or are oriented with different viewing angles, a "panorama image" can be displayed on the screen by combining the partial images obtained. Irrespective of this or in addition, a corresponding map section can be shown in the overall display, in which the viewing direction of the television camera as an arrow or Like. is representable. The camera can be swiveled in this direction by marking a desired direction on the map section shown using a light pen, by touching or the like.

Claims (4)

  1. A device for displaying a composite digital image on a VDU screen (30), the composite image consisting of a number of natural moving and/or synthetic partial images delivered by various sources (1, 2, 3), each source (1, 2, 3) having an associated buffer memory (11 to 19) controllable via a control stage (31 to 39), wherein
    there is provided a common mask memory (21) which is chargeable from a control computer (24) and which comprises an output register (22) for outputting control information in order to select an image dot for display, the data word width of the output register (22) corresponding to the number of sources (1, 2, 3), and wherein exactly one bit is set per data word, in that a control network (23) is provided into which said control information is fed at the scanning rate of the image dots in one line of the composite image,
    wherein further the output register (22) of the mask memory (21) is connected via the control network (23) to the control stage (31 to 39) of the buffer memory (11 to 19) of each source (1, 2, 3), and
    wherein the outputs of the buffer memories (11 to 19) are connected to the screen (30) via a data bus and an interface circuit (25).
  2. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that television cameras (1) and/or raster graphic generators (2) and/or mass memories (3) for digital image data are provided as the sources.
  3. A device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the screen is designed to reproduce a larger number of image dots than each individual source (1, 2, 3) can make available.
  4. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the sources comprise a plurality of cameras (1) adjusted to one another at appropriate angles of view and so disposed as to display on the screen continuously side by side or one beneath another an image of an object or a landscape as a composite picture with a much larger angle of view than the natural angle.
EP88101043A 1987-01-26 1988-01-25 Device for displaying a composite image Expired - Lifetime EP0276800B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873702220 DE3702220A1 (en) 1987-01-26 1987-01-26 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DISPLAYING A TOTAL IMAGE ON A SCREEN OF A DISPLAY DEVICE
DE3702220 1987-01-26

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0276800A2 EP0276800A2 (en) 1988-08-03
EP0276800A3 EP0276800A3 (en) 1990-03-28
EP0276800B1 true EP0276800B1 (en) 1994-06-08

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EP88101043A Expired - Lifetime EP0276800B1 (en) 1987-01-26 1988-01-25 Device for displaying a composite image

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US (1) US4876600A (en)
EP (1) EP0276800B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3702220A1 (en)
HK (1) HK1002718A1 (en)

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DE3702220C2 (en) 1992-08-13
HK1002718A1 (en) 1998-09-11
US4876600A (en) 1989-10-24
DE3702220A1 (en) 1988-08-04
EP0276800A2 (en) 1988-08-03
DE3889934D1 (en) 1994-07-14
EP0276800A3 (en) 1990-03-28

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