EP0275499B1 - Current-compensated choke coil for spark interference suppression - Google Patents
Current-compensated choke coil for spark interference suppression Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0275499B1 EP0275499B1 EP87118700A EP87118700A EP0275499B1 EP 0275499 B1 EP0275499 B1 EP 0275499B1 EP 87118700 A EP87118700 A EP 87118700A EP 87118700 A EP87118700 A EP 87118700A EP 0275499 B1 EP0275499 B1 EP 0275499B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- current
- core
- compensated choke
- cores
- choke according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F17/00—Fixed inductances of the signal type
- H01F17/04—Fixed inductances of the signal type with magnetic core
- H01F17/06—Fixed inductances of the signal type with magnetic core with core substantially closed in itself, e.g. toroid
- H01F17/062—Toroidal core with turns of coil around it
Definitions
- the invention relates to a current-compensated choke for radio interference suppression with a magnetic core wound with at least two electrical windings, which has a high symmetrical inductance component for damping asymmetrical and symmetrical interference currents.
- radio interference suppression technology In radio interference suppression technology, a distinction is made between symmetrical and asymmetrical interferers. One speaks of mixed interference when both symmetrical and asymmetrical disturbances occur. The aim of any interference suppression technology is to reduce the line-borne transmission of interference from a source of interference and to reduce the ability to influence an interference sink.
- Asymmetrical disturbances can occur in all electrical devices in which, in addition to the mains conductors through which the operating current flows, an earth line is connected to protect users and the devices.
- Parasitic capacitances in the interference sink or interference source also cause interference current in the earth circuit. This current flows on all network conductors in the common mode between interference sink and source of interference, while it flows back over the network line in push-pull.
- the asymmetrical disturbance is therefore also called common mode disturbance.
- Suppression circuits are used in mains conductors to dampen the interference currents. These are mostly low passes, allow the operating currents to pass through unhindered, but have high impedance for high-frequency interference currents. Low-pass filters for high operating currents are usually made up of chokes and capacitors.
- the chokes used here can be divided into rod core chokes and current-compensated chokes.
- Rod core chokes dampen common and push-pull interference currents equally well. Their large magnetic shear prevents the magnetic core from being saturated by the operating current. However, it is disadvantageous that rod core chokes become very bulky for larger operating currents. With interference suppression filter circuits with only rod cores, a separate rod core choke must be provided for each live mains conductor. In three-phase radio interference suppression filters with neutral conductor, for example, four such large-volume rod core chokes would have to be accommodated.
- the current-compensated chokes in which the magnetic fluxes in the core are compensated for by a special arrangement of the windings.
- the choke core can thereby be greatly reduced and the number of turns reduced.
- the magnetic fluxes of the push-pull interference currents compensate in the same way as that of the operating currents, there is no effective damping in the case of symmetrical interference.
- the object of the invention is to provide a current-compensated choke for radio interference suppression which, with a small space requirement, has a high symmetrical proportion of inductance even at high operating currents.
- the stray inductance required for a high symmetrical inductance component is therefore not formed, as was previously the case, by strengthening the stray field, which is closed via the air and part of the core. Rather, a high symmetrical inductance component is built up in the individual windings of this current-compensated choke by concentrating the magnetic field of the individual turns, which is not closed in the core, in one or more separate outer cores.
- the additional symmetrical inductance component that can be achieved with this in this way is not at the expense of an increase in the throttle resistance. Especially with high operating currents, the losses of an interference suppression circuit can be significantly reduced.
- a particularly good saturation behavior of the symmetrical inductance component can be achieved if each individual turn is led through a separate outer core. At the same time, the saturation magnetization of the core can be improved without a significant increase in volume.
- FIG shows a partially wound, current-compensated quadruple toroidal choke in a perspective view.
- a plurality of ferrite toroidal cores 6 are assembled to form a cylindrical core 1, the cavity for receiving four identical windings is divided into four identical segments by an insulating cross 4. For a better overview, only one of the four windings is shown.
- This consists of an insulated copper press rope 5, which is wound in four individual turns 3 around the core 1 and is guided in the outer region of the core 1 through four outer cores 2 made of carbonyl iron.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
- Regulation Of General Use Transformers (AREA)
- Filters And Equalizers (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine stromkompensierte Drossel zur Funk-Entstörung mit einem mit wenigstens zwei elektrischen Wicklungen bewickelten magnetischen Kern, die zur Dämpfung unsymmetrischer und symmetrischer Störströme einen hohen symmetrischen Induktivitätsanteil besitzt.The invention relates to a current-compensated choke for radio interference suppression with a magnetic core wound with at least two electrical windings, which has a high symmetrical inductance component for damping asymmetrical and symmetrical interference currents.
In der Funk-Entstörtechnik unterscheidet man zwischen symmetrischen und unsymmetrischen Störern. Von Mischstörern spricht man, wenn sowohl symmetrische als auch unsymmetrische Störungen auftreten. Ziel jeder Entstörtechnik ist die Verminderung der leitungsgebundenen Aussendung von Störungen aus einer Störquelle sowie die Verminderung der Beeinflußbarkeit einer Störsenke.In radio interference suppression technology, a distinction is made between symmetrical and asymmetrical interferers. One speaks of mixed interference when both symmetrical and asymmetrical disturbances occur. The aim of any interference suppression technology is to reduce the line-borne transmission of interference from a source of interference and to reduce the ability to influence an interference sink.
Bei symmetrischen Störern fließen unerwünschte Störströme ebenso wie die Betriebsströme über einen oder mehrere Netzleiter zur Störsenke hin und auf einem oder mehreren anderen Netzleitern zur Störquelle zurück. Die Störströme fließen somit im Gegentakt, weshalb eine symmetrische Störung auch als Gegentaktstörung bezeichnet wird.In the case of symmetrical interferers, unwanted interference currents, like the operating currents, flow back to the interference sink via one or more network conductors and back to the interference source on one or more other network conductors. The interference currents therefore flow in push-pull mode, which is why a symmetrical fault is also referred to as push-pull fault.
Unsymmetrische Störungen können bei allen elektrischen Geräten auftreten, bei denen außer den vom Betriebsstrom durchflossenen Netzleitern eine Erdleitung zum Schutz der Benutzer und der Geräte angeschlossen ist. Parasitäre Kapazitäten in der Störsenke bzw. der Störquelle rufen dabei auch im Erdkreis einen Störstrom hervor. Dieser Strom fließt auf allen Netzleitern im Gleichtakt zwischen Störsenke und Störquelle, während er über die Netzleitung im Gegentakt zurückströmt. Die unsymmetrische Störung wird deshalb auch als Gleichtaktstörung bezeichnet.Asymmetrical disturbances can occur in all electrical devices in which, in addition to the mains conductors through which the operating current flows, an earth line is connected to protect users and the devices. Parasitic capacitances in the interference sink or interference source also cause interference current in the earth circuit. This current flows on all network conductors in the common mode between interference sink and source of interference, while it flows back over the network line in push-pull. The asymmetrical disturbance is therefore also called common mode disturbance.
Zum Dämpfen der Störströme werden in Netzleitern Entstörbeschaltungen eingesetzt. Es handelt sich dabei meist um Tiefpässe, die Betriebsströme ungehindert passieren lassen, jedoch für hochfrequente Störströme hohe Scheinwiderstände aufweisen. Tiefpässe für hohe Betriebsströme sind meist aus Drosseln und Kondensatoren aufgebaut. Die dabei zum Einsatz kommenden Drosseln lassen sich in Stabkerndrosseln und stromkompensierte Drosseln einteilen.Suppression circuits are used in mains conductors to dampen the interference currents. These are mostly low passes, allow the operating currents to pass through unhindered, but have high impedance for high-frequency interference currents. Low-pass filters for high operating currents are usually made up of chokes and capacitors. The chokes used here can be divided into rod core chokes and current-compensated chokes.
Stabkerndrosseln bedämpfen Gleich- und Gegentaktstörströme gleich gut. Ihre große magnetische Scherung verhindert, daß der magnetische Kern durch den Betriebsstrom gesättigt wird. Nachteilig ist jedoch, daß Stabkerndrosseln für größere Betriebsströme sehr voluminös werden. Bei Entstörfilterbeschaltungen mit ausschließlich Stabkernen ist für jeden stromführenden Netzleiter eine eigene Stabkerndrossel vorzusehen. In Drehstrom-Funk-Entstörfiltern mit Nulleiter müßten so beispielsweise vier solcher großvolumiger Stabkerndrosseln untergebracht werden.Rod core chokes dampen common and push-pull interference currents equally well. Their large magnetic shear prevents the magnetic core from being saturated by the operating current. However, it is disadvantageous that rod core chokes become very bulky for larger operating currents. With interference suppression filter circuits with only rod cores, a separate rod core choke must be provided for each live mains conductor. In three-phase radio interference suppression filters with neutral conductor, for example, four such large-volume rod core chokes would have to be accommodated.
Eine vorteilhaftere Lösung gestatten hier die stromkompensierten Drosseln, bei denen durch eine spezielle Anordnung der Wicklungen die magnetischen Flüsse im Kern kompensiert werden. Der Drosselkern kann dadurch stark verkleinert und die Anzahl der Windungen reduziert werden. Da sich aber die magnetischen Flüsse der Gegentakt-Störströme auf die gleiche Weise wie die der Betriebsströme kompensieren, ist eine effektive Dämpfung bei symmetrischen Störungen nicht gegeben.A more advantageous solution is provided here by the current-compensated chokes, in which the magnetic fluxes in the core are compensated for by a special arrangement of the windings. The choke core can thereby be greatly reduced and the number of turns reduced. However, since the magnetic fluxes of the push-pull interference currents compensate in the same way as that of the operating currents, there is no effective damping in the case of symmetrical interference.
Trotzdem besteht die Möglichkeit, stromkompensierte Drosseln auch bei Mischstörern und symmetrischen Störern einzusetzen, da sich eine völlige Kompensation des durch den Betriebsstrom hervorgerufenen magnetischen Feldes auch bei sehr sorgfältigem Wicklungsaufbau nicht erreichen läßt. In der Praxis treten immer Streufelder auf, die zu Streuinduktivitäten führen, die dann einen symmetrischen Induktivitätsanteil bewirken. Im allgemeinen reichen aber diese Streuinduktivitäten zum Bedämpfen des symmetrischen Störanteils nicht aus.Nevertheless, there is the possibility of using current-compensated chokes even with mixed and symmetrical interferers, since complete compensation of the magnetic field caused by the operating current cannot be achieved even with very careful winding construction. In practice, stray fields always occur, which lead to leakage inductances, which then cause a symmetrical inductance component. In general, however, these leakage inductances are not sufficient to dampen the symmetrical interference component.
Es wurde deshalb bereits versucht, die Streuinduktivität einer stromkompensierten Drossel durch zusätzliche, am Außenteil der Drossel angebrachte, ferromagnetische Stoffe zu erhöhen. Die Sättigungseigenschaften der Drosseln werden dadurch aber so stark herabgesetzt, daß sie für eine Filterbeschaltung bei hohen Betriebsströmen weniger geeignet sind.For this reason, attempts have already been made to reduce the leakage inductance of a current-compensated choke by means of additional ones on the outer part of the Throttle attached to increase ferromagnetic materials. However, the saturation properties of the chokes are reduced so much that they are less suitable for filter connection at high operating currents.
Für Dämpfungsaufgaben unter hohen Betriebsströmen werden deshalb stromkompensierte Drosseln mit kleineren Stabkerndrosseln kombiniert. Dieser Lösungsweg ist in allen Fällen einer Beschaltung vorzuziehen, die nur Stabkerndrosseln verwendet.For damping tasks under high operating currents, current-compensated chokes are therefore combined with smaller rod core chokes. In all cases, this approach is preferable to a circuit that only uses rod core chokes.
Dennoch führen alle bekannten Lösungen unter hohen Betriebsströmen auch zu hohen Verlustleistungen. Die dadurch freigesetzte Wärme muß durch konstruktive Maßnahmen abgeleitet werden, um wärmeempfindliche Bauelemente, wie beispielsweise metallisierte Kondensatoren vor Überhitzung zu schützen.Nevertheless, all known solutions under high operating currents also lead to high power losses. The heat released in this way must be dissipated by design measures in order to protect heat-sensitive components, such as, for example, metallized capacitors, from overheating.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Schaffung einer stromkompensierten Drossel zur Funk-Entstörung, welche bei geringem Platzbedarf einen hohen symmetrischen Induktivitätsanteil auch bei hohen Betriebsströmen aufweist.The object of the invention is to provide a current-compensated choke for radio interference suppression which, with a small space requirement, has a high symmetrical proportion of inductance even at high operating currents.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe bei einer stromkompensierten Drossel der eingangs beschriebenen Art dadurch, daß die Einzelwindungen der elektrischen Wicklungen in ihren außerhalb des Kerninneren liegenden Strukturen in Außenkernen mit hoher Sättigungsmagnetisierung geführt sind.This object is achieved with a current-compensated choke of the type described at the outset in that the individual turns of the electrical windings in their structures lying outside the core interior are guided in outer cores with high saturation magnetization.
Bei diesem Drosselaufbau wird die für einen hohen symmetrischen Induktivitätsanteil notwendige Streuinduktivität somit nicht wie bisher üblich durch eine Verstärkung des Streufeldes gebildet, welches über die Luft und einen Teil des Kerns geschlossen ist. In den einzelnen Wicklungen dieser stromkompensierten Drossel wird vielmehr ein hoher symmetrischer Induktivitätsanteil dadurch aufgebaut, daß das nicht im Kern geschlossene Magnetfeld der Einzelwindungen in einem oder mehreren separaten Außenkernen konzentriert wird.With this choke design, the stray inductance required for a high symmetrical inductance component is therefore not formed, as was previously the case, by strengthening the stray field, which is closed via the air and part of the core. Rather, a high symmetrical inductance component is built up in the individual windings of this current-compensated choke by concentrating the magnetic field of the individual turns, which is not closed in the core, in one or more separate outer cores.
Der damit erreichbare, zusätzliche symmetrische Induktivitätsanteil geht auf diese Weise nicht zu Lasten einer Erhöhung des Drosselwiderstandes. Gerade bei hohen Betriebsströmen lassen sich dadurch die Verluste einer Entstörbeschaltung erheblich absenken.The additional symmetrical inductance component that can be achieved with this in this way is not at the expense of an increase in the throttle resistance. Especially with high operating currents, the losses of an interference suppression circuit can be significantly reduced.
Ein besonders gutes Sättigungsverhalten des symmetrischen Induktivitätsanteils läßt sich dann erzielen, wenn jede Einzelwindung durch einen separaten Außenkern geführt ist. Gleichzeitig kann dadurch auch ohne wesentliche Volumenzunahme die Sättigungsmagnetisierung des Kerns verbessert werden.A particularly good saturation behavior of the symmetrical inductance component can be achieved if each individual turn is led through a separate outer core. At the same time, the saturation magnetization of the core can be improved without a significant increase in volume.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungen der stromkompensierten Drossel sind in den Unteransprüchen aufgezeigt.Further advantageous designs of the current-compensated choke are shown in the subclaims.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment.
Die FIG zeigt eine teilbewickelte, stromkompensierte VierfachRingkerndrossel in perspektivischer Ansicht.The FIG shows a partially wound, current-compensated quadruple toroidal choke in a perspective view.
Mehrere Ferrit-Ringkerne 6 sind dabei zu einem zylindrischen Kern 1 zusammengesetzt, dessen Hohlraum zur Aufnahme von vier gleichen Wicklungen durch ein Isolierkreuz 4 in vier gleiche Segmente unterteilt ist. Zur besseren Übersicht ist nur eine der vier Wicklungen dargestellt. Diese besteht aus einem isolierten Kupferpreßseil 5, welches in vier Einzelwindungen 3 um den Kern 1 gewickelt ist und im Außenbereich des Kerns 1 durch vier Außenkerne 2 aus Karbonyleisen geführt ist.A plurality of ferrite toroidal cores 6 are assembled to form a cylindrical core 1, the cavity for receiving four identical windings is divided into four identical segments by an insulating cross 4. For a better overview, only one of the four windings is shown. This consists of an insulated
Claims (10)
- Current-compensated choke for radio interference suppression having a magnetic core (1) which has at least two electrical windings wound around it and has a high symmetrical inductance component for damping asymmetrical and symmetrical interference currents, characterised in that the individual turns (3) of the electrical windings are guided in their structures lying outside the interior of the core in outer cores (2) having a high saturation magnetisation.
- Current-compensated choke according to Claim 1, characterised in that at least some individual turns (3) of a winding are guided in the outer region of the core (1) through at least one outer core (2).
- Current-compensated choke according to Claim 2, characterised in that each individual turn (3) is guided through a separate outer core (2).
- Current-compensated choke according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the core (1) comprises a closed annular core, E-core or U-core.
- Current-compensated choke according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the core (1) comprises a tubular body composed of individual annular ferrite cores (6).
- Current-compensated choke according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the outer cores (2) comprise tubular cores or U-cores.
- Current-compensated choke according to Claim 6, characterised in that the tubular cores are made of carbonyl iron or dust iron.
- Current-compensated choke according to Claim 6, characterised in that the U-cores are made of more highly permeable ferrite material.
- Current-compensated choke according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the individual turns (3) are produced from electrically insulated pressed copper cable (5).
- Current-compensated choke according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the individual turns (3) are constructed piece by piece from copper rods.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3644333 | 1986-12-23 | ||
| DE3644333 | 1986-12-23 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0275499A1 EP0275499A1 (en) | 1988-07-27 |
| EP0275499B1 true EP0275499B1 (en) | 1992-06-03 |
Family
ID=6317122
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87118700A Expired - Lifetime EP0275499B1 (en) | 1986-12-23 | 1987-12-16 | Current-compensated choke coil for spark interference suppression |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0275499B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3779608D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3840523A1 (en) * | 1988-12-01 | 1990-06-07 | Vogt Electronic Ag | MULTIPOLE INTERFERENCE CHASSIS FOR DATA LINES |
| DE4311126C2 (en) * | 1993-04-05 | 1998-03-12 | Siemens Matsushita Components | Current-compensated multiple choke in a compact design |
| DE102010041618A1 (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2011-12-22 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Circuit configuration for operating semiconductor light sources e.g. LEDs, has series capacitor switched between electrical energy converter and input terminal of rectifiers in one of operation strands |
| DE102010041632A1 (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2012-03-29 | Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Circuit arrangement for operating at least two semiconductor light sources |
| DE102010041613A1 (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2012-03-29 | Osram Ag | Circuit device for operating semiconductor light sources, has current-compensated choke switched between switch and rectifier, where leakage inductance of current-compensated choke is used as converter inductance |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1123803A (en) * | 1955-03-18 | 1956-09-28 | Improved embodiment of electrical circuits comprising inductance | |
| DE1955712A1 (en) * | 1969-11-05 | 1971-05-13 | Siemens Ag | Carrier frequency blocking by ferrite bodies on electrical lines |
-
1987
- 1987-12-16 DE DE8787118700T patent/DE3779608D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-12-16 EP EP87118700A patent/EP0275499B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0275499A1 (en) | 1988-07-27 |
| DE3779608D1 (en) | 1992-07-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| DE2030360A1 (en) | Device for interference suppression of the power lines of high frequency generating devices | |
| DE2245208A1 (en) | RADIO RESTORING THROTTLE | |
| DE3833916C2 (en) | ||
| EP0275499B1 (en) | Current-compensated choke coil for spark interference suppression | |
| DE846874C (en) | Transformer system with a line character | |
| DE3929402A1 (en) | X-RAY DEVICE | |
| DE4311126C2 (en) | Current-compensated multiple choke in a compact design | |
| DE2802507A1 (en) | DEVICE INCLUDING A CAVITY RESONATOR MAGNETRON | |
| DE2008634C3 (en) | Circuit arrangement for reducing alternating voltages superimposed on a useful voltage | |
| DE1516136B1 (en) | Protection circuit for capacitive voltage converter | |
| DE4421986A1 (en) | Radio interference filter for electronically-controlled device | |
| DE3340494C2 (en) | ||
| EP0821375A1 (en) | Use of a suppression choke in switching power supplies | |
| DE102019123457A1 (en) | Low pass filter | |
| EP0387841A2 (en) | Noise-damping bobbin arrangement for damping symmetric and asymmetric noise currents | |
| DE3023847C2 (en) | ||
| DE3708226C2 (en) | Ballast with two coils | |
| DE69912318T2 (en) | Remote Feeder Reactance Coil | |
| DE3238250A1 (en) | Transformer for thyristor turn-on pulses | |
| DE4340020A1 (en) | Inductive electrical converter | |
| DE957764C (en) | Winding arrangement especially for modulation transformers of transmitters with push-pull B amplifier circuits | |
| DE2050455A1 (en) | Symmetrically constructed radio interference suppression device | |
| DE69925973T2 (en) | Line filter | |
| DE897859C (en) | Broadband transmitter for audio and television frequencies | |
| DE10064076A1 (en) | transformer |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE GB |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19890126 |
|
| ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: INTERPATENT ST.TECN. BREV. |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19910726 |
|
| GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE GB |
|
| REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3779608 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19920709 |
|
| GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) | ||
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 19921119 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
| PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
| 26N | No opposition filed | ||
| PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19931216 |
|
| GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 19931216 |
|
| PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20070131 Year of fee payment: 20 |