EP0271690A1 - Supporting of a rail vehicle body on a bogie - Google Patents

Supporting of a rail vehicle body on a bogie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0271690A1
EP0271690A1 EP87116191A EP87116191A EP0271690A1 EP 0271690 A1 EP0271690 A1 EP 0271690A1 EP 87116191 A EP87116191 A EP 87116191A EP 87116191 A EP87116191 A EP 87116191A EP 0271690 A1 EP0271690 A1 EP 0271690A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
vehicle
bogie
longitudinal direction
spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87116191A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0271690B1 (en
Inventor
Alberto Cortesi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schweizerische Lokomotiv und Maschinenfabrik AG (SLM)
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Schweizerische Lokomotiv und Maschinenfabrik AG (SLM)
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Priority to AT87116191T priority Critical patent/ATE58099T1/en
Publication of EP0271690A1 publication Critical patent/EP0271690A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B61F5/14—Side bearings
    • B61F5/148—Side bearings between bolsterless bogies and underframes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a support of the box of a rail vehicle on a bogie, with at least two laterally arranged, vertical and horizontal relative movements absorbing support units, each containing a spring element and at least one spring plate and at least one intermediate layer made of a rubber-elastic material, against which the spring plate against supports the adjacent vehicle part - box or bogie - inclinable in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the support unit having a smaller horizontal spring constant in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle than in the transverse direction of the vehicle.
  • the different horizontal spring constants of the support units containing the spring elements are determined by support cams which are formed on the spring plates and run in the transverse direction and which, when the Allow bogies to allow the support unit to tilt elastically in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, but prevent tilting in the transverse direction (DE-AS 15 30 102).
  • the known support requires a relatively complex design of the elastic intermediate layers to be attached on each side of the support cam, each of which extends over half the spring plate.
  • the respective outer dimensions of the two intermediate layers in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle corresponding to the diameter of the spring plate limit the largest possible angle of inclination of the spring plate to relatively small values, which can lead to strong deflections and correspondingly high stresses on the spring element, which is deformed in an S-shape, when driving on tight curves .
  • the invention has for its object to provide a support that is improved in this respect in particular, which, without impairing the transmission of the vertical and horizontal supporting forces, enables greater inclinations of the spring plate in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle than before and which specifically influences the ratio of the longitudinal and transverse directions effective horizontal spring constants of the support unit allowed.
  • the intermediate layer is formed by at least one rail-like support piece preloaded by compressive stresses under the full vertical support force of the loaded spring element, which is essentially rectangular in plan view and which has long sides oriented transversely to the vehicle longitudinal direction and essentially in Vehicle longitudinal direction oriented narrow sides is arranged.
  • the design of the support according to the invention allows the use of simple, commercially available support elements made of rubber-like material, which are available in numerous dimension variants, for example in the form of plates or bars, and which - cut to the required size - can be used as supporting pieces without substantial reworking.
  • Metallic contact between the bogies and the box is avoided by the support pieces according to the invention and sound insulation is thus achieved.
  • a favorable load is achieved on the supporting elements that transmit the full vertical support force of the associated spring element and are therefore under compressive prestress.
  • the spring plates incline, with restoring moments occurring in the support pieces as a result of changes in normal stress.
  • the inclinable spring plates also significantly relieve the spring element of undesirable large transverse deflections in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and the associated spring stresses.
  • the ratio between the different horizontal spring constants of each of the support units which are effective in the longitudinal and transverse directions is determined by the ratio of the corresponding dimensions of the associated support piece.
  • the advantages of the embodiment according to the invention can be achieved in particular by supporting pieces of rectangular shape which is relatively narrow in plan view.
  • the restoring torque exerted by the support piece and counteracting the inclinations of the spring plate in the vehicle transverse direction can be at least four times greater than the corresponding restoring moment counteracting the inclinations of the spring plate in the vehicle longitudinal direction.
  • the embodiment according to claim 3 is particularly advantageous for supports with more than one support unit per side of the bogie, since it allows a radial adjustment of the support pieces with respect to the axis of rotation of the bogie, and thus ensures a correspondingly favorable stress on the support pieces when turning the bogie.
  • the embodiment according to claim 4 allows the use of a support piece, the length of which can be greater than the diameter of the spring plate determined by the dimensions of the spring element.
  • the embodiment according to claim 5 allows an increase in the permissible pressure load of the support piece without significantly influencing its lateral and inclination stiffness.
  • the embodiment according to claim 6 enables a precise positioning of the support piece and a securing of the spring element against lateral sliding of the spring plate in the event of damage or destruction of the support piece.
  • each bogie 2 contains a bogie frame 3 with Side members 4, on which the box 1 is supported by two pairs of laterally arranged support units 9, each of which contains a spring element 5 formed from a helical spring.
  • the bogie frame 3 is supported by known primary springs 6 on the axles of two wheel sets 7.
  • the wheel sets 7 are coupled in a known manner with drive motors, not shown, attached to the bogie frame 3.
  • the bogie frame 3 is rotatably connected to the box 1 about a vertical axis of rotation (vertical axis) Z via a device (not shown) for transmitting the tensile and braking forces, for example a deep-drawing device known, for example, from CH-PS 638 731.
  • a device for transmitting the tensile and braking forces, for example a deep-drawing device known, for example, from CH-PS 638 731.
  • the support units 8 also each contain two spring plates 8 arranged at the ends of the spring plates 5 and two rail-like support pieces 10 made of rubber or a corresponding rubber-like material, each between one of the spring plates 8 and the adjacent vehicle part - the box 1 or the rotary actuator 2 - are arranged.
  • the support pieces 10 are arranged with long sides oriented transversely to the vehicle longitudinal direction x and correspondingly narrow sides oriented essentially in the longitudinal direction x. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, the support pieces 10 can be set so that they are essentially parallel to their long ones Lateral, elongated horizontal longitudinal axes 11 each intersect the vertical axis of rotation Z of the bogie 2.
  • the support pieces 10 can each be attached to their upper and lower support surfaces, e.g. vulcanized or glued, preferably metallic outer stiffening plates 12 and 12a.
  • the support pieces 10, the stiffening plates 12, 12a and the spring plates 8 can each be provided with at least one bore 13 penetrating them vertically, which for receiving one on the adjacent vehicle part, the box 1 or the bogie 2, fixed mandrel 14 is suitable.
  • the diameter of the bores 13 in the spring plate 8, in the adjoining stiffening plate 12 and in the support piece 10 are larger than the diameter of the mandrel 14 by a relatively large amount of play, which allows the operational deformations of the support piece 10, while the plate 12a resting on the vehicle part According to this illustration, a diameter which is suitable for centering the support piece 10 and is only slightly larger than the mandrel 14 can have.
  • a corresponding mandrel 14 can also be attached to the spring plate 8 and provided through the bores 13 of the support piece 10 and the stiffening plates 12, 12a into one on the adjacent vehicle part, on the box 1 or on the bogie 2 Protrude hole.
  • the spring elements 5 of the support units 9 can also each have one be provided only support piece 10 and be supported directly with the other end via the spring plate 8 on the relevant vehicle part, in the example shown on box 1.
  • the support pieces 10 can also each be provided with an inner stiffening plate 15 which divides their height H and between two sections 10a and 10b, for example vulcanized or glued in place.
  • a plurality of corresponding stiffening plates 15 can also be provided.
  • the rail-like support pieces 10 are each by a relatively large dimension, determined by their relatively small width B, essentially around the longitudinal axis 11 and by a dimension that is substantially smaller according to the ratio between the length L and the width B, by a dimension substantially parallel to the width B extending transverse axis 17 deformable.
  • the rail-like support pieces 10 biased by the vertical supporting forces of the loaded spring elements 5 therefore permit relatively strong inclinations of the spring plate 8 with respect to the adjacent vehicle part - box 1 or bogie 2 - in the longitudinal direction x of the vehicle and correspondingly lower inclinations of the spring plate 8 in the transverse direction of the vehicle y and small entanglements of the stiffening plates 12, 12a about the axis A of the spring element 5.
  • the unscrewing movements of the bogie 2 relative to the box 1 deflect the support units 9 both in the longitudinal direction x and in the transverse direction y, the ratio x the effective longitudinal horizontal stiffness C x and in the transverse direction y C y effective stiffness of each support unit 9 by the ratio between the width B and the length L of the associated supporting piece 10 is influenced.
  • the support designed according to the invention can cause a relatively large mutual displacement V of the box 1 and the bogie 2 in the longitudinal direction of the bogie x by a relatively strong inclination of the spring element 5 and a correspondingly small mutual displacement U of the ends of the Spring element 5 are added.
  • the conditions are indicated in the correspondingly inclined operating position of the interacting parts, in which the under normal load - e.g. 3 - straight central axis A of the spring element 5 runs in a slightly S-shaped curved line A ⁇ .
  • a correspondingly favorable loading of the support pieces 10 is achieved by the "radial" setting of the support pieces 10 with respect to the axis of rotation Z.
  • the support pieces 10 connected to the outer stiffening plates 12, 12a can, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 4, each be designed with a length L which is greater than the diameter of the associated spring plate 8, so that the for the predetermined ratio of horizontal stiffness C x / C y decisive dimensioning of the support pieces 10 can be made largely independent of the dimensions of the spring plate 8.
  • Support pieces 10 with one or more inner stiffening plates 15 are particularly advantageous for designs with a relatively large height H, because this prevents the elastic material of the support pieces 10 from being squeezed out sideways and thus increases the pressure resistance of the support pieces 10.
  • Relatively large heights H are preferably provided when large angles of inclination of the spring plates 8 in the vehicle longitudinal direction x are aimed for.
  • the support pieces 10 can also each be provided with only one outer stiffening plate 12 or 12a and can be arranged with the unstiffened side directly on the spring plate 8 or on the adjacent vehicle part - box 1 or bogie 2 . Versions without external stiffening plates are also conceivable.
  • the bores 13 formed in the support pieces 10 can also be designed as blind bores and can each be provided for receiving a securing part which only extends over part of the height H of the support piece 10.
  • each bogie arranged support units 9 the support pieces 10 are set with long sides parallel to the transverse direction y of the vehicle.
  • an embodiment with support units 9 arranged according to the representation according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is conceivable, the support pieces 10 of which are arranged with long sides running parallel to the transverse direction y.
  • the support designed according to the invention is also suitable for bogies without a drive device.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The support has at least two laterally arranged support units (9), which each contain a spring element (5), at least one spring plate (8) and at least one rail-type bearing piece (10) which is essentially rectangular in plan view, consists of a rubber-elastic material, and via which the spring plate 8 is supported against the adjacent vehicle part - body (1) or bogie (2). The bearing pieces (10) are each arranged with their long sides oriented transversely to the longitudinal direction (x) of the vehicle. Correspondingly, the spring plates (8) can be inclined in relation to the adjacent body (1) or bogie (2) in each case by a relatively large angle of inclination in the longitudinal direction (x) of the vehicle and by a considerably smaller angle of inclination transversely to the longitudinal direction (x) of the vehicle. When the bogie (2) is rotated relative to the body (1), the spring elements (5) are each deflected to a different extent in the longitudinal direction (x) and the transverse direction (y) of the vehicle. By suitable selection of the ratio of the width (B) to the length (L) of the bearing piece (10), a predetermined ratio of the horizontal spring constants of the relevant support unit (9) acting in the longitudinal direction (x) and the transverse direction (y) of the vehicle can be achieved. By this means, the resistance to turn-out of the support can be influenced within a broad range. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Abstützung des Kastens eines Schienenfahrzeuges auf einem Drehgestell, mit mindestens zwei seitlich angeordneten, vertikale und horizontale Relativbewegungen aufnehmenden Stützeinhei­ten, welche je ein Federelement und mindestens einen Federteller sowie mindestens eine Zwischenlage aus einem gummielastischen Material enthalten, über die sich der Federteller gegen den benachbarten Fahrzeugteil - Kasten bzw. Drehgestell - in Fahrzeug-Längsrichtung neigbar abstützt, wobei die Stützeinheit in Fahrzeug-­Längsrichtung eine kleinere horizontale Federkonstante aufweist als in Fahrzeug-Querrichtung.The invention relates to a support of the box of a rail vehicle on a bogie, with at least two laterally arranged, vertical and horizontal relative movements absorbing support units, each containing a spring element and at least one spring plate and at least one intermediate layer made of a rubber-elastic material, against which the spring plate against supports the adjacent vehicle part - box or bogie - inclinable in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the support unit having a smaller horizontal spring constant in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle than in the transverse direction of the vehicle.

Bei einer bekannten Abstützung der genannten Art sind die unterschiedlichen horizontalen Federkonstanten der die Federelemente enthaltenden Stützeinheiten durch an den Federtellern ausgebildete, in Querrichtung verlaufende Abstütznocken bestimmt, die beim Ausdrehen des Drehgestells jeweils eine elastische Neigung der Stütz­einheit in Fahrzeug-Längsrichtung zulassen, eine Neigung in Querrichtung jedoch verhindern (DE-AS 15 30 102). Die bekannte Abstützung erfordert eine relativ aufwendige Ausführung der jeweils beidseits des Abstütznockens anzubringenden elastischen Zwischenlagen, welche sich je über den halben Federteller erstrecken. Durch das jeweils dem Durchmesser des Federtellers entsprechende Aussenmass der beiden Zwischenlagen in Fahrzeug-Längsrichtung wird der grösstmögliche Neigungswinkel des Federtellers auf relativ kleine Werte begrenzt, die insbesondere beim Befahren enger Kurven zu starken Auslenkungen und ent­sprechend hohen Beanspruchungen des dabei S-förmig verformten Federelementes führen können.In a known support of the type mentioned, the different horizontal spring constants of the support units containing the spring elements are determined by support cams which are formed on the spring plates and run in the transverse direction and which, when the Allow bogies to allow the support unit to tilt elastically in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, but prevent tilting in the transverse direction (DE-AS 15 30 102). The known support requires a relatively complex design of the elastic intermediate layers to be attached on each side of the support cam, each of which extends over half the spring plate. The respective outer dimensions of the two intermediate layers in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle corresponding to the diameter of the spring plate limit the largest possible angle of inclination of the spring plate to relatively small values, which can lead to strong deflections and correspondingly high stresses on the spring element, which is deformed in an S-shape, when driving on tight curves .

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine insbeson­dere in dieser Hinsicht verbesserte Abstützung zu schaf­fen, welche, ohne Beeinträchtigung der Uebertragung der vertikalen und horizontalen Stützkräfte, in Fahrzeug­Längsrichtung grössere Neigungen des Federtellers als bisher ermöglicht und welche eine gezielte Beeinflussung des Verhältnisses der Längs- und Querrichtung wirksamen horizontalen Federkonstanten der Stützeinheit gestattet.The invention has for its object to provide a support that is improved in this respect in particular, which, without impairing the transmission of the vertical and horizontal supporting forces, enables greater inclinations of the spring plate in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle than before and which specifically influences the ratio of the longitudinal and transverse directions effective horizontal spring constants of the support unit allowed.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass die Zwischenlage durch mindestens ein unter der vollen vertikalen Stützkraft des belasteten Federelementes durch Druckspannungen vorbelastetes schienenartiges, in der Draufsicht im wesentlichen rechteckförmiges Tragstück gebildet ist, welches mit quer zur Fahrzeug-Längsrichtung orientierten langen Seiten und im wesentlichen in Fahr­zeug-Längsrichtung orientierten schmalen Seiten angeord­net ist.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the intermediate layer is formed by at least one rail-like support piece preloaded by compressive stresses under the full vertical support force of the loaded spring element, which is essentially rectangular in plan view and which has long sides oriented transversely to the vehicle longitudinal direction and essentially in Vehicle longitudinal direction oriented narrow sides is arranged.

Die erfindungsgemässe Ausbildung der Abstützung gestattet die Verwendung einfacher, handelsüblicher Stützelemente aus gummiartigem Material, welche in zahlreichen Abmes­sungsvarianten, z.B. in Platten- oder Stangenform, erhältlich sind und welche - auf das jeweils erforderli­che Mass abgelängt - ohne wesentliche Nachbearbeitung als Tragstücke einsetzbar sind. Durch die erfindungsgemässen Tragstücke wird ein metallischer Kontakt zwischen den Drehgestellen und dem Kasten vermieden und damit eine Schalldämmung erzielt. Zugleich wird eine günstige Belastung der jeweils die volle vertikale Stützkraft des zugehörigen Federelementes übertragenden und damit unter Druckvorspannung stehenden Tragstücke erzielt. Beim Ausdrehen des Drehgestells neigen sich die Federtel­ler, wobei in den Tragstücken Rückstellmomente als Folge von Normalspannungsänderungen auftreten. Aufgrund der überlagerten Druckvorspannung werden grössere, für gummielastische Werkstoffe unzulässige Zugspannungen vermieden. Die neigbaren Federteller entlasten zudem das Federelement wesentlich von unerwünschten grossen Quer­auslenkungen in Fahrzeug-Längsrichtung und den damit verbundenen Federbeanspruchungen. Das Verhältnis zwi­schen den in Längsrichtung und in Querrichtung wirksamen, unterschiedlichen horizontalen Federkonstanten jeder der Stützeinheiten ist durch das Verhältnis der entsprechen­den Abmessungen des zugehörigen Tragstücks bestimmt. Durch entsprechende Wahl der Abmessungen, insbesondere der Breite des Tragstücks, lässt sich somit auf einfache Weise die Ausdrehsteifigkeit (Längssteifigkeit) der Abstützung innerhalb eines weiten Bereichs, ohne nennens­werte Beeinflussung der Quersteifigkeit und der vertika­len Steifigkeit, optimieren. So ist eine Drehgestell-­Ausdrehsteifigkeit mit dem Wert "Null", welche derjenigen eines reibungsfreien Drehkranzes entspricht, ohne weiteres realisierbar. Bei Bedarf können auch negative Ausdrehsteifigkeiten erzielt werden.The design of the support according to the invention allows the use of simple, commercially available support elements made of rubber-like material, which are available in numerous dimension variants, for example in the form of plates or bars, and which - cut to the required size - can be used as supporting pieces without substantial reworking. Metallic contact between the bogies and the box is avoided by the support pieces according to the invention and sound insulation is thus achieved. At the same time, a favorable load is achieved on the supporting elements that transmit the full vertical support force of the associated spring element and are therefore under compressive prestress. When the bogie is turned out, the spring plates incline, with restoring moments occurring in the support pieces as a result of changes in normal stress. Due to the superimposed pressure preload, larger tensile stresses that are not permitted for rubber-elastic materials are avoided. The inclinable spring plates also significantly relieve the spring element of undesirable large transverse deflections in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and the associated spring stresses. The ratio between the different horizontal spring constants of each of the support units which are effective in the longitudinal and transverse directions is determined by the ratio of the corresponding dimensions of the associated support piece. By appropriately choosing the dimensions, in particular the width of the support piece, the torsional stiffness (longitudinal stiffness) of the support can thus be optimized within a wide range in a simple manner, without appreciably influencing the transverse stiffness and the vertical stiffness. So a bogie torsional rigidity with the value "zero", which corresponds to that of a frictionless slewing ring, without further realizable. If necessary, negative stiffness can also be achieved.

Ausgestaltungen des Erfindungsgegenstandes sind in den abhängigen Patentansprüchen angegeben.Embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

Die Vorteile der erfindungsgemässen Ausführung sind insbesordere durch Tragstücke von in der Draufsicht relativ schmaler Rechteckform erzielbar. Entsprechend der Ausführungsform nach Anspruch 2 kann das vom Tragstück ausgeübte, den Neigungen des Federtellers in Fahrzeug­querrichtung entgegenwirkende Rückstellmoment mindestens viermal grösser sein als das entsprechende, den Neigungen des Federtellers in Fahrzeug-Längsrichtung entgegenwir­kende Rückstellmoment.The advantages of the embodiment according to the invention can be achieved in particular by supporting pieces of rectangular shape which is relatively narrow in plan view. According to the embodiment according to claim 2, the restoring torque exerted by the support piece and counteracting the inclinations of the spring plate in the vehicle transverse direction can be at least four times greater than the corresponding restoring moment counteracting the inclinations of the spring plate in the vehicle longitudinal direction.

Die Ausführungsform nach Anspruch 3 ist insbesondere für Abstützungen mit mehr als einer Stützeinheit pro Seite des Drehgestells von Vorteil, da sie eine bezüglich der Drehachse des Drehgestell radiale Einstellung der Trag­stücke gestattet, und damit eine entsprechend günstige Beanspruchung der Tragstücke beim Ausdrehen des Drehge­stells gewährleistet.The embodiment according to claim 3 is particularly advantageous for supports with more than one support unit per side of the bogie, since it allows a radial adjustment of the support pieces with respect to the axis of rotation of the bogie, and thus ensures a correspondingly favorable stress on the support pieces when turning the bogie.

Die Ausführungsform nach Anspruch 4 gestattet die Verwen­dung eines Tragstücks, dessen Länge grösser sein kann als der durch die Abmessungen des Federelementes bestimmte Durchmesser des Federtellers.The embodiment according to claim 4 allows the use of a support piece, the length of which can be greater than the diameter of the spring plate determined by the dimensions of the spring element.

Die Ausführungsform nach Anspruch 5 gestattet eine Erhöhung der zulässigen Druckbelastung des Tragstücks ohne nennenswerte Beeinflussung seiner Quer- und Nei­gungssteifigkeit.The embodiment according to claim 5 allows an increase in the permissible pressure load of the support piece without significantly influencing its lateral and inclination stiffness.

Die Ausführungsform nach Anspruch 6 ermöglicht eine genaue Positionierung des Tragstücks und eine Sicherung des Federelementes gegen ein seitliches Abgleiten des Federtellers im Falle einer Beschädigung oder Zerstörung des Tragstücks.The embodiment according to claim 6 enables a precise positioning of the support piece and a securing of the spring element against lateral sliding of the spring plate in the event of damage or destruction of the support piece.

Weitere Einzelheiten ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung von in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestell­ten Ausführungsbeispielen in Verbindung mit den Patentan­sprüchen. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 ein mit einer erfindungsgemässen Abstützung versehenes Schienenfahrzeug in einer Teilansicht;
  • Fig. 2 das Schienenfahrzeug im Horizontalschnitt II-II aus der Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 eine Einzelheit der Abstützung in einer Teilansicht gemäss Pfeil III in Fig. 2, in einer grösseren Darstellung;
  • Fig. 4 die Abstützung im Schnitt IV-IV aus der Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 die Abstützung nach Fig. 3 bei ausgedrehter Drehgestellage, in einer entsprechenden Teilansicht mit Teilschnitt;
  • Fig. 6 eine Einzelheit einer Abstützung in einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform, in einer der Fig. 3 entsprechenden Teilansicht.
Further details emerge from the following description of exemplary embodiments schematically illustrated in the drawing in conjunction with the patent claims. The drawing shows:
  • 1 shows a rail vehicle provided with a support according to the invention in a partial view;
  • FIG. 2 shows the rail vehicle in horizontal section II-II from FIG. 1;
  • 3 shows a detail of the support in a partial view according to arrow III in FIG. 2, in a larger representation;
  • Figure 4 shows the support in section IV-IV from Fig. 3.
  • 5 shows the support according to FIG. 3 with the bogie turned, in a corresponding partial view with partial section;
  • Fig. 6 shows a detail of a support in a modified embodiment, in a partial view corresponding to FIG. 3.

Das Schienenfahrzeug nach den Fig. 1 und 2, z.B. eine Lokomotive, weist einen Kasten 1 und mindestens zwei Drehgestelle 2 auf, von denen nur eines dargestellt ist. Jedes Drehgestell 2 enthält einen Drehgestellrahmen 3 mit Längsträgern 4, auf denen der Kasten 1 über zwei Paar seitlich angeordnete Stützeinheiten 9 abgestützt ist, welche je ein aus einer Schraubenfeder gebildetes Feder­element 5 enthalten. Der Drehgestellrahmen 3 ist über bekannte Primärfedern 6 auf den Achsen zweier Radsätze 7 abgestützt. Die Radsätze 7 sind in bekannter Weise mit nicht dargestellten, am Drehgestellrahmen 3 befestigten Antriebsmotoren gekuppelt. Der Drehgestellrahmen 3 ist über eine nicht dargestellte Einrichtung zur Uebertragung der Zug- und Bremskräfte, z.B. eine, etwa aus der CH-PS 638 731 bekannte Tiefzugvorrichtung, mit dem Kasten 1 um eine vertikale Drehachse (Hochachse) Z drehbar verbunden.1 and 2, for example a locomotive, has a box 1 and at least two bogies 2, only one of which is shown. Each bogie 2 contains a bogie frame 3 with Side members 4, on which the box 1 is supported by two pairs of laterally arranged support units 9, each of which contains a spring element 5 formed from a helical spring. The bogie frame 3 is supported by known primary springs 6 on the axles of two wheel sets 7. The wheel sets 7 are coupled in a known manner with drive motors, not shown, attached to the bogie frame 3. The bogie frame 3 is rotatably connected to the box 1 about a vertical axis of rotation (vertical axis) Z via a device (not shown) for transmitting the tensile and braking forces, for example a deep-drawing device known, for example, from CH-PS 638 731.

Die Stützeinheiten 8 enthalten ferner je zwei an den Enden der Federteller 5 angeordnete Federteller 8 und zwei schienenartige Tragstücke 10 aus Gummi oder einem entsprechenden gummiartigen Material, die je zwischen einem der Federteller 8 und dem benachbarten Fahrzeugteil - dem Kasten 1 bzw. dem Drehstell 2 - angeordnet sind. Die schienenartigen Tragstücke 10 sind je in Form einer im wesentlichen horizontal angeordneten, im wesentlichen rechteckigen Platte ausgeführt, welche - in der Drauf­sicht gesehen - eine über die langen Seiten gemessene Länge L aufweist, die mindestens das 2-fache der über die schmalen Seiten gemessenen Breite B beträgt. Entsprechend einer ausgeführten Abstützung der beschriebenen Art können die Tragstücke 10 z. B. je eine Länge L = 350 mm, eine Breite B = 120 mm und eine Höhe H = 35 mm aufweisen.The support units 8 also each contain two spring plates 8 arranged at the ends of the spring plates 5 and two rail-like support pieces 10 made of rubber or a corresponding rubber-like material, each between one of the spring plates 8 and the adjacent vehicle part - the box 1 or the rotary actuator 2 - are arranged. The rail-like support pieces 10 are each designed in the form of an essentially horizontally arranged, essentially rectangular plate, which - seen in plan view - has a length L measured over the long sides, which is at least twice the width measured over the narrow sides B is. According to an executed support of the type described, the support pieces 10 z. B. each have a length L = 350 mm, a width B = 120 mm and a height H = 35 mm.

Die Tragstücke 10 sind mit quer zur Fahrzeug-­Längsrichtung x orientierten langen Seiten und entspre­chend im wesentlichen in Längsrichtung x orientierten schmalen Seiten angeordnet. Wie insbesondere aus der Fig. 2 hervorgeht, können die Tragstücke 10 so eingestellt sein, dass ihre im wesentlichen parallel zu ihren langen Seiten verlaufenden, verlängert gedachten horizontalen Längsachsen 11 je die vertikale Drehachse Z des Drehge­stells 2 schneiden.The support pieces 10 are arranged with long sides oriented transversely to the vehicle longitudinal direction x and correspondingly narrow sides oriented essentially in the longitudinal direction x. As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, the support pieces 10 can be set so that they are essentially parallel to their long ones Lateral, elongated horizontal longitudinal axes 11 each intersect the vertical axis of rotation Z of the bogie 2.

Entsprechend der Darstellung nach den Fig. 3 und 4 können die Tragstücke 10 je mit zwei an ihrer oberen und ihrer unteren Stützfläche angebrachten, z.B. anvulkanisierten oder angeklebten, vorzugsweise metallischen äusseren Versteifungsplatten 12 und 12a versehen sein. Wie aus der Fig. 4 hervorgeht, können die Tragstücke 10, die Verstei­fungsplatten 12, 12a und die Federteller 8 je mit minde­stens einer sie vertikal durchsetzenden Bohrung 13 verseher sein, die zur Aufnahme eines auf dem benachbar­ten Fahrzeugteil, dem Kasten 1 bzw. dem Drehgestell 2, befestigten Dornes 14 geeignet ist. Die Durchmesser der Bohrungen 13 im Federteller 8, in der daran an­schliessenden Versteifungsplatte 12 und im Tragstück 10 sind um ein relativ grosses Spiel, das die betriebs­mässigen Verformungen des Tragstücks 10 zulässt, grösser als der Durchmesser des Dornes 14, während die am Fahr­zeugteil anliegende Platte 12a nach dieser Darstellung einen zur Zentrierung des Tragstücks 10 geeigneten, nur geringfügig grösseren Durchmesser als der Dorn 14 auf­weisen kann.According to the representation according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the support pieces 10 can each be attached to their upper and lower support surfaces, e.g. vulcanized or glued, preferably metallic outer stiffening plates 12 and 12a. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the support pieces 10, the stiffening plates 12, 12a and the spring plates 8 can each be provided with at least one bore 13 penetrating them vertically, which for receiving one on the adjacent vehicle part, the box 1 or the bogie 2, fixed mandrel 14 is suitable. The diameter of the bores 13 in the spring plate 8, in the adjoining stiffening plate 12 and in the support piece 10 are larger than the diameter of the mandrel 14 by a relatively large amount of play, which allows the operational deformations of the support piece 10, while the plate 12a resting on the vehicle part According to this illustration, a diameter which is suitable for centering the support piece 10 and is only slightly larger than the mandrel 14 can have.

Nach einer abgewandelten, nicht dargestellten Ausfüh­rungsform kann ein entsprechender Dorn 14 auch jeweils am Federteller 8 angebracht sein und durch die Bohrungen 13 des Tragstücks 10 und der Versteifungsplatten 12, 12a hindurch in eine am benachbarten Fahrzeugteil, am Kasten 1 bzw. am Drehgestell 2, vorgesehene Bohrung ragen.According to a modified embodiment, not shown, a corresponding mandrel 14 can also be attached to the spring plate 8 and provided through the bores 13 of the support piece 10 and the stiffening plates 12, 12a into one on the adjacent vehicle part, on the box 1 or on the bogie 2 Protrude hole.

Entsprechend der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 6 können die Federelemente 5 der Stützeinheiten 9 auch je mit einem einzigen Tragstück 10 versehen sein und mit dem anderen Ende über den Federteller 8 am betreffenden Fahrzeugteil, beim dargestellten Beispiel am Kasten 1, direkt abge­stützt sein. Wie aus der Fig. 6 weiter hervorgeht, können die Tragstücke 10 auch je mit einer ihre Höhe H untertei­lenden, zwischen zwei Teilstücke 10a und 10b, z.B. einvulkanisierten oder eingeklebten, inneren Verstei­fungsplatte 15 versehen sein. Es können auch mehrere entsprechende Versteifungsplatten 15 vorgesehen sein.According to the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the spring elements 5 of the support units 9 can also each have one be provided only support piece 10 and be supported directly with the other end via the spring plate 8 on the relevant vehicle part, in the example shown on box 1. As can further be seen from FIG. 6, the support pieces 10 can also each be provided with an inner stiffening plate 15 which divides their height H and between two sections 10a and 10b, for example vulcanized or glued in place. A plurality of corresponding stiffening plates 15 can also be provided.

Die schienenartigen Tragstücke 10 sind je um ein durch ihre relativ geringe Breite B bestimmtes, relativ grosses Mass im wesentlichen um die Längsachse 11 sowie um ein dem Verhältnis zwischen der Länge L und der Breite B entsprechend wesentlich geringeres Mass um eine im wesentlichen parallel zur Breitenerstreckung B verlaufen­de Querachse 17 verformbar. Die durch die vertikalen Stützkräfte der belasteten Federelemente 5 vorgespannten schienenartigen Tragstücke 10 gestatten daher je relativ starke Neigungen des Federtellers 8 gegenüber dem benach­barten Fahrzeugteil - Kasten 1 bzw. Drehgestell 2 - in Fahrzeug-Längsrichtung x und entsprechend geringere Neigungen des Federtellers 8 in Fahrzeug-Querrichtung y sowie geringe Verschränkungen der Versteifungsplatten 12, 12a um die Achse A des Federelementes 5. Beim Durch­fahren von Kurven werden durch die Ausdrehbewegungen des Drehgestells 2 gegenüber dem Kasten 1 die Stützeinheiten 9 je sowohl in Längsrichtung x als auch in Querrichtung y ausgelenkt, wobei das Verhältnis der in Längsrichtung x wirksamen horizontalen Steifigkeit Cx und der in Quer­richtung y wirksamen Steifigkeit Cy jeder Stützeinheit 9 durch das Verhältnis zwischen der Breite B und der Länge L des zugehörigen Tragstücks 10 beeinflussbar ist.The rail-like support pieces 10 are each by a relatively large dimension, determined by their relatively small width B, essentially around the longitudinal axis 11 and by a dimension that is substantially smaller according to the ratio between the length L and the width B, by a dimension substantially parallel to the width B extending transverse axis 17 deformable. The rail-like support pieces 10 biased by the vertical supporting forces of the loaded spring elements 5 therefore permit relatively strong inclinations of the spring plate 8 with respect to the adjacent vehicle part - box 1 or bogie 2 - in the longitudinal direction x of the vehicle and correspondingly lower inclinations of the spring plate 8 in the transverse direction of the vehicle y and small entanglements of the stiffening plates 12, 12a about the axis A of the spring element 5. When driving through curves, the unscrewing movements of the bogie 2 relative to the box 1 deflect the support units 9 both in the longitudinal direction x and in the transverse direction y, the ratio x the effective longitudinal horizontal stiffness C x and in the transverse direction y C y effective stiffness of each support unit 9 by the ratio between the width B and the length L of the associated supporting piece 10 is influenced.

Wie in der Fig. 5 angedeutet, kann durch die erfindungs­gemäss ausgebildete Abstützung eine relativ grosse gegenseitige Verschiebung V des Kastens 1 und des Drehge­stells 2 in Drehgestell-Längsrichtung x durch eine relativ starke Neigung des Federelementes 5 und eine entsprechend geringe gegenseitige Verschiebung U der Enden des Federelementes 5 aufgenommen werden. In der Fig. 5 sind die Verhältnisse in der entsprechend geneigten Betriebsstellung der zusammenwirkenden Teile angedeutet, in welcher die unter Normalbelastung - z.B. gemäss Fig. 3 - gerade verlaufende zentrale Achse A des Federelementes 5 in einer leicht S-förmig gebogenen Linie Aʹ verläuft.As indicated in FIG. 5, the support designed according to the invention can cause a relatively large mutual displacement V of the box 1 and the bogie 2 in the longitudinal direction of the bogie x by a relatively strong inclination of the spring element 5 and a correspondingly small mutual displacement U of the ends of the Spring element 5 are added. In Fig. 5 the conditions are indicated in the correspondingly inclined operating position of the interacting parts, in which the under normal load - e.g. 3 - straight central axis A of the spring element 5 runs in a slightly S-shaped curved line Aʹ.

Durch die bezüglich der Drehachse Z "radiale" Einstellung der Tragstücke 10 wird eine entsprechend günstige Bean­spruchung der Tragstücke 10 erzielt. Die mit den äusseren Versteifungsplatten 12, 12a verbundenen Tragstücke 10 können, wie aus den Fig. 2 und 4 hervorgeht, je mit einer Länge L ausgeführt sein, die grösser ist als der Durch­messer des zugehörigen Federtellers 8, so dass die für das vorbestimmte Verhältnis der horizontalen Steifig­keiten Cx/Cy massgebende Bemessung der Tragstücke 10 weitgehend unabhängig von den Abmessungen der Federteller 8 vorgenommen werden kann.A correspondingly favorable loading of the support pieces 10 is achieved by the "radial" setting of the support pieces 10 with respect to the axis of rotation Z. The support pieces 10 connected to the outer stiffening plates 12, 12a can, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 4, each be designed with a length L which is greater than the diameter of the associated spring plate 8, so that the for the predetermined ratio of horizontal stiffness C x / C y decisive dimensioning of the support pieces 10 can be made largely independent of the dimensions of the spring plate 8.

Tragstücke 10 mit einer oder mehreren inneren Verstei­fungsplatten 15 sind vor allem bei Ausführungen mit relativ grosser Höhe H vorteilhaft, weil damit ein seitliches Herausquetschen des elastischen Materials der Tragstücke 10 verhindert und somit die Druckbelastbarkeit der Tragstücke 10 erhöht wird. Relativ grosse Höhen H werden vorzugsweise vorgesehen, wenn grosse Neigungs­winkel der Federteller 8 in Fahrzeug-Längsrichtung x angestrebt werden.Support pieces 10 with one or more inner stiffening plates 15 are particularly advantageous for designs with a relatively large height H, because this prevents the elastic material of the support pieces 10 from being squeezed out sideways and thus increases the pressure resistance of the support pieces 10. Relatively large heights H are preferably provided when large angles of inclination of the spring plates 8 in the vehicle longitudinal direction x are aimed for.

Nach einer abgewandelten, nicht dargestellten Ausfüh­rungsform der Erfindung können die Tragstücke 10 auch je mit lediglich einer äusseren Versteifungsplatte 12 bzw. 12a versehen sein und mit der unversteiften Seite direkt am Federteller 8 oder am benachbarten Fahrzeugteil - ­Kasten 1 bzw. Drehgestell 2 - anliegend angeordnet sein. Auch Ausführungen ohne äussere Versteifungsplatten sind denkbar. Die in den Tragstücken 10 ausgebildeten Bohrun­gen 13 können auch als Sackbohrungen ausgeführt und je zur Aufnahme eines lediglich über einen Teil der Höhe H des Tragstücks 10 sich erstreckenden Sicherungsteils vorgesehen sein.According to a modified, not shown embodiment of the invention, the support pieces 10 can also each be provided with only one outer stiffening plate 12 or 12a and can be arranged with the unstiffened side directly on the spring plate 8 or on the adjacent vehicle part - box 1 or bogie 2 . Versions without external stiffening plates are also conceivable. The bores 13 formed in the support pieces 10 can also be designed as blind bores and can each be provided for receiving a securing part which only extends over part of the height H of the support piece 10.

Es versteht sich, dass bei Ausführungen mit lediglich zwei, z. B. im Bereich der Quermittelebene jedes Drehge­stell angeordneten Stützeinheiten 9 die Tragstücke 10 mit parallel zur Fahrzeug-Querrichtung y verlaufenden langen Seiten eingestellt sind. Ebenso ist eine Ausführung mit entsprechend der Darstellung nach den Fig. 1 und 2 angeordneten Stützeinheiten 9 denkbar, deren Tragstücke 10 mit parallel zur Querrichtung y verlau­fenden langen Seiten angeordnet sind. Die er­findungsgemäss ausgebildete Abstützung ist auch für Laufdrehgestelle ohne Antriebseinrichtung geeignet.It is understood that in versions with only two, for. B. in the region of the transverse center plane of each bogie arranged support units 9, the support pieces 10 are set with long sides parallel to the transverse direction y of the vehicle. Likewise, an embodiment with support units 9 arranged according to the representation according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is conceivable, the support pieces 10 of which are arranged with long sides running parallel to the transverse direction y. The support designed according to the invention is also suitable for bogies without a drive device.

Claims (6)

1. Abstützung des Kastens (1) eines Schienenfahrzeuges auf einem Drehgestell (2), mit mindestens zwei seitlich angeordneten, vertikale und horizontale Relativbewegungen aufnehmenden Stützeinheiten (9), welche je ein Federele­ment (5) und mindestens einen Federteller (8) sowie mindestens eine Zwischenlage aus einem gummielastischen Material enthalten, über die sich der Federteller (8) gegen den benachbarten Fahrzeugteil - Kasten (1) bzw. Drehgestell (2) - in Fahrzeug-Längsrichtung (x) neigbar abstützt, wobei die Stützeinheit (9) in Fahrzeug-­Längsrichtung (x) eine kleinere horizontale Federkonstan­te aufweist als in Fahrzeug- Querrichtung (y), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zwischenlage durch mindestens ein unter der vollen vertikalen Stützkraft des belasteten Federelementes (5) durch Druckspannungen vorbelastetes schienenartiges, in der Draufsicht im wesentlichen rechteckförmiges Tragstück (10) gebildet ist, welches mit quer zur Fahrzeug-Längsrichtung (x) orientierten langen Seiten und im wesentlichen in Fahrzeug-Längsrichtung (x) orientierten schmalen Seiten angeordnet ist.1. Supporting the box (1) of a rail vehicle on a bogie (2), with at least two laterally arranged, vertical and horizontal relative movements absorbing support units (9), each having a spring element (5) and at least one spring plate (8) and at least one Contain intermediate layer made of a rubber-elastic material, via which the spring plate (8) against the adjacent vehicle part - box (1) or bogie (2) - is inclinable in the vehicle longitudinal direction (x), the support unit (9) in the vehicle Longitudinal direction (x) has a smaller horizontal spring constant than in the transverse direction of the vehicle (y), characterized in that the intermediate layer is supported by at least one rail-like support piece which is preloaded by compressive stresses under the full vertical supporting force of the loaded spring element (5) and is essentially rectangular in plan view (10) is formed, which with transverse to the vehicle longitudinal direction (x) oriented long sides u nd is arranged essentially in the vehicle longitudinal direction (x) oriented narrow sides. 2. Abstützung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abmessungen (L) der langen Seiten des Tragstücks (10) je mindestens das 2-fache der Abmessung (B) einer der schmalen Seiten des Tragstücks (10) betragen.2. Support according to claim 1, characterized in that the dimensions (L) of the long sides of the support piece (10) each amount to at least twice the dimension (B) of one of the narrow sides of the support piece (10). 3. Abstützung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, dass das Tragstück (10) mit gegen die vertika­le Drehachse (Z) des Drehgestells (2) gerichteter, im wesentlichen parallel zu den langen Seiten des Tragstücks (10) verlaufender Längsachse (11) angeordnet ist.3. Support according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support piece (10) with against the vertical axis of rotation (Z) of the bogie (2) directed in arranged substantially parallel to the long sides of the support piece (10) longitudinal axis (11). 4. Abstützung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Tragstück (10) an mindestens einer seiner oberen und unteren Stützflächen mit einer äusseren Versteifungsplatte (12, 12a) verbunden ist.4. Support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support piece (10) is connected to at least one of its upper and lower support surfaces with an outer stiffening plate (12, 12a). 5. Abstützung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Tragstück (10) aus mindestens zwei übereinander angeordneten Teilstücken (10a, 10b) gebildet ist, die mit einer zwischen ihnen angeordneten, ebenen inneren Versteifungsplatte (15) verbunden sind.5. Support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support piece (10) is formed from at least two superposed parts (10a, 10b) which are connected to a flat inner stiffening plate (15) arranged between them. 6. Abstützung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Tragstück (10) mit mindestens einer zumindest über einen Teil seiner Höhe (H) sich erstreckenden Ausnehmung (Bohrung 13) versehen ist, die zur Aufnahme zumindest eines Abschnitts eines vom benachbarten Fahrzeugteil - Kasten (1) bzw. Drehge­stell (2) - oder vom Federteller (8) abstehenden Siche­rungsteils (Dorn 14) geeignet ist, wobei die Abmessungen der Ausnehmung (Bohrung 13) um ein alle betriebsmässigen Verformungen des Tragstücks (10) zulassendes Spiel grösser sind als die entsprechenden Abmessungen des Sicherungsteils (Dorn 14).6. Support according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support piece (10) is provided with at least one recess (bore 13) which extends at least over part of its height (H) and which is intended to accommodate at least a portion of an adjacent vehicle part - Box (1) or bogie (2) - or from the spring plate (8) protruding securing part (mandrel 14) is suitable, the dimensions of the recess (bore 13) being larger by a game permitting all operational deformations of the support piece (10) than the corresponding dimensions of the securing part (mandrel 14).
EP87116191A 1986-12-16 1987-11-04 Supporting of a rail vehicle body on a bogie Expired - Lifetime EP0271690B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87116191T ATE58099T1 (en) 1986-12-16 1987-11-04 SUPPORTING THE BODY OF A RAIL VEHICLE ON A BODY.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH5005/86A CH672100A5 (en) 1986-12-16 1986-12-16
CH5005/86 1986-12-16

Publications (2)

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EP0271690A1 true EP0271690A1 (en) 1988-06-22
EP0271690B1 EP0271690B1 (en) 1990-11-07

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EP (1) EP0271690B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2781385B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE58099T1 (en)
CH (1) CH672100A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3766082D1 (en)

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DE4105350A1 (en) * 1990-02-22 1991-09-19 Sgp Verkehrstechnik Spring arrangement for rail vehicle bogie - involves coil springs on both long sides between bogie and vehicle superstructure
EP0533620A1 (en) * 1991-09-20 1993-03-24 SLM Schweizerische Lokomotiv- und Maschinenfabrik AG Supporting device for a railway vehicle body on a bogie
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WO2023056566A1 (en) * 2021-10-07 2023-04-13 National Research Council Of Canada Rail assembly, bogie, bogie wheel and inflatable seal assembly

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KR101465526B1 (en) * 2013-05-28 2014-11-26 현대로템 주식회사 Mounting structure for second coil spring of railway vehicle

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WO2023056566A1 (en) * 2021-10-07 2023-04-13 National Research Council Of Canada Rail assembly, bogie, bogie wheel and inflatable seal assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS63162367A (en) 1988-07-05
EP0271690B1 (en) 1990-11-07
ATE58099T1 (en) 1990-11-15
JP2781385B2 (en) 1998-07-30
CH672100A5 (en) 1989-10-31
DE3766082D1 (en) 1990-12-13

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