EP0270131B1 - Training appliance - Google Patents

Training appliance Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0270131B1
EP0270131B1 EP87117989A EP87117989A EP0270131B1 EP 0270131 B1 EP0270131 B1 EP 0270131B1 EP 87117989 A EP87117989 A EP 87117989A EP 87117989 A EP87117989 A EP 87117989A EP 0270131 B1 EP0270131 B1 EP 0270131B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lever
pivot pin
exercise apparatus
pivot axis
cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87117989A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0270131A2 (en
EP0270131A3 (en
Inventor
Günter Kern
Rainer Kranz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT87117989T priority Critical patent/ATE63833T1/en
Publication of EP0270131A2 publication Critical patent/EP0270131A2/en
Publication of EP0270131A3 publication Critical patent/EP0270131A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0270131B1 publication Critical patent/EP0270131B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B23/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body
    • A63B23/035—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously
    • A63B23/04—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for lower limbs
    • A63B23/0494—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for particular parts of the body for limbs, i.e. upper or lower limbs, e.g. simultaneously for lower limbs primarily by articulating the knee joints
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/00058—Mechanical means for varying the resistance
    • A63B21/00069—Setting or adjusting the resistance level; Compensating for a preload prior to use, e.g. changing length of resistance or adjusting a valve
    • A63B21/00072—Setting or adjusting the resistance level; Compensating for a preload prior to use, e.g. changing length of resistance or adjusting a valve by changing the length of a lever
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/008—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using hydraulic or pneumatic force-resisters
    • A63B21/0083—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using hydraulic or pneumatic force-resisters of the piston-cylinder type
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/40—Interfaces with the user related to strength training; Details thereof
    • A63B21/4041—Interfaces with the user related to strength training; Details thereof characterised by the movements of the interface
    • A63B21/4047—Pivoting movement
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2208/00—Characteristics or parameters related to the user or player
    • A63B2208/02—Characteristics or parameters related to the user or player posture
    • A63B2208/0228—Sitting on the buttocks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a training device according to the preamble of claims 1 and 5, respectively.
  • a lever provided with two handles is pivotably mounted on a vertical support about a horizontal axis.
  • the piston rod of the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit is articulated to the lever between the handles and the articulation point on the support, the cylinder of which is articulated below the articulated connection of the lever to the support.
  • the lever provided with handles can only be pressed down or raised for exercise purposes, so that it has only a limited area of application.
  • the possible uses of the known training device can not be expanded easily because the lever with the hydraulic cylinder and the support is a space-consuming construction that can be difficult to adapt to other movements to achieve other training effects.
  • a training device in which a lever is connected to a pivot shaft, the rotational movement of which is transmitted by a chain drive to a second pivot shaft, to which a lever is connected, to which one end of a gas spring is articulated, the other end of which is pivotally mounted in the frame.
  • This well-known training device is with a very complex and space-consuming Provide gear for converting a rotary movement into a translatory movement, so that the adaptation of this device to different exercises requires an additional considerable design effort.
  • DE-OS 35 26 144 which is older and not pre-published, describes a training device in which the lever is rigidly connected to the pivot axis and is arranged approximately perpendicular to the pivot axis.
  • a leg receiver shell which is connected to the lever, can be strapped onto the lower leg of the person practicing.
  • the knee joint can then be arranged in the extension of the pivot axis, so that the pivot axis and the axis of rotation of the knee joint are aligned with one another. If the practicing person bends or stretches the lower leg, the lever rotates accordingly about the pivot axis.
  • FR-A-2 550 708 also discloses a training device with a lever attached to a pivot axis, which lever cannot be deflected in a direction perpendicular to its direction of movement.
  • means are provided for fixing the upper part of the lower leg.
  • An elastic element acts on the lower part of the lower leg, which exerts a force essentially pointing in the direction of the lower part of the lower leg.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a training device of the type specified at the beginning, with which the stresses on the cartilage and ligamentous apparatus of the exercising person can be reduced.
  • this object is achieved in that the lever can be deflected in a direction perpendicular to its direction of movement.
  • the training device according to the invention is able to to follow the natural movements of the human body or the joints of the human body without creating feelings of insecurity in the person practicing.
  • the training device according to the invention can absorb one-sided loads in the joints of the exercising person, distribute them evenly and thereby protect the cartilage and ligament apparatus, thus preventing irritation or inflammation symptoms on the joint.
  • the object on which the invention is based is further achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of subclaim 2.
  • the lever is pivotally mounted on the pivot axis about an axis of rotation running perpendicular to the pivot axis and perpendicular to the lever.
  • the deflectability of the lever in a direction perpendicular to its direction of movement is thus achieved in that the lever is pivotally mounted on the pivot axis about an axis of rotation running perpendicular to the pivot axis and perpendicular to the lever.
  • This arrangement of the lever is able to move on a rotatable plane because there are two axes of rotation that are perpendicular to each other.
  • the pivot axis is pivotally mounted about an axis of rotation running perpendicular to the pivot axis and essentially parallel to the lever.
  • the possibility of compensating for the respective joint of the practicing person is thus achieved in that the pivot axis is pivotally mounted.
  • the axis of rotation on which the pivot axis is mounted can run parallel to the lever when the lever is in the rest position. If the lever is deflected in the course of the exercise, the lever and the axis of rotation are on the one hand the pivot axis is mounted, on the other hand, at an angle to each other that corresponds to the deflection angle of the lever.
  • the third solution of the object on which the invention is based is particularly suitable for movements of the human ankle.
  • the lever with the pivot axis is non-rotatable and in Direction of the pivot axis connected longitudinally.
  • the deflectability of the lever in a direction perpendicular to its direction of movement is thus achieved in that the lever is longitudinally displaceably connected to the pivot axis in the direction of the pivot axis.
  • the lever must also be non-rotatably connected to the pivot axis so that torque can be transmitted from the pivot axis to the lever.
  • the object on which the invention is based is further achieved (according to independent claim 5) in that a cross piece running parallel to the pivot axis is connected to the lever, along which a leg pick-up shell is guided so as to be longitudinally displaceable during operation.
  • the deflectability of the lever in a direction perpendicular to its direction of movement is achieved in that the leg receiver shell is guided in a longitudinally displaceable manner on the crosspiece.
  • the pivot axis is pivotably mounted about an axis of rotation running perpendicular to the pivot axis and essentially parallel to the lever, the axis of rotation can also be arranged at a distance from the pivot axis.
  • the invention can be advantageously used in a training device of the type specified in DE-OS 35 26 144, which is characterized in that the lever for generating a reaction torque is connected to the double-acting piston of a hydraulic cylinder so that an alternating rotary movement of the Lever is converted into a translatory reciprocating movement of the piston, and that there is a channel having a throttle device, which connects the cylinder chambers separated by the piston and filled with liquid.
  • the pivot axis passes through the cylinder transversely and the pivot axis in the interior of the cylinder is connected to the piston by a gear. Since this arrangement of the unit generating the reaction moment for the practicing person consists of the pivot axis which is directly linked to the hydraulic cylinder, it can be arranged in a space-saving manner in such a way that a large number of different exercises can be carried out.
  • the channel provided with the throttle device is expediently arranged in the cylinder wall. This leads to a further simplification and space saving.
  • the transmission can be formed in an advantageous and simple manner in that the piston is provided between the piston disks with an axially parallel toothed rack with which a pinion which is firmly connected to the pivot axis meshes.
  • the transmission can also be formed by a crank and a connecting rod or eccentric.
  • the cylinder is expediently connected to the training device consisting of a chair, a couch or the like in such a way that the pivot axis is essentially aligned with the axis of the joint or flexion center of the limb or body part to be trained.
  • the cylinder can be connected to the pivot axis of a second cylinder of the same type attached to the training device such that it is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the first cylinder.
  • This configuration enables, as it were, cardanic spatial movements, such as are useful for training hip or shoulder joints, for example.
  • the cylinder can be provided with at least one device that measures the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in a cylinder chamber.
  • This device can display the respective reaction moment to the patient or the doctor.
  • a device can be provided which displays the measured pressure and / or determines the work and / or the power from this and displays and / or registers this.
  • the work performed by the patient can be calculated from the respective resistance and the swivel angles, the angular velocity also having to be measured to determine the power.
  • the swivel angle of the lever can be adjusted by stops. Furthermore, the length of the lever arm of the lever is expediently adjustable.
  • the gymnastic device according to the invention consists, for example, of a training chair
  • the lower leg of the patient can be attached to the lever by means of padded pressure plates and fixing straps.
  • the thigh lies firmly on the seat of the chair and is also fixed by means of straps.
  • a lap belt can be provided to stabilize the hips and torso.
  • the pressure shell is expediently rotatably mounted in its starting point on the length-adjustable lever arm and can also be adjusted to the required length of the patient's spine, so that the drawer load on the knee joint ligaments is kept as low as possible.
  • the training device makes it possible to keep the risk of stress on the patient's joint apparatus as low as possible. Therefore, should be in the necessary places Adjustment, support and stabilization devices are provided.
  • the muscles to be trained can be moved as much as possible by the patient in order to achieve the greatest possible training success in the shortest possible time.
  • Controlling measuring devices can provide the patient or exerciser and also the therapist with a constant overview of the stress and the success of the exercise programs. Data storage for statistics and program design is also possible.
  • a pivot point can be determined which corresponds to the imaginary center of the joint.
  • a hinge joint there is a turning line. It is the imaginary plumb line through all the planes lying in the longitudinal direction of the two legs. Two planes perpendicular to each other intersect at the pivot point.
  • the axis of rotation or the fulcrum of the lever should be able to track and fix spatially the imaginary center of the joint.
  • the circular movement of the two legs can be converted into a rectified forward and backward thrust of the hydraulic working piston.
  • the throttle device can consist of a work compensation duct, the overflows of which are arranged so that it can be used for the directions of movement, by means of two throttle screws.
  • a multi-channel system with several throttle screws can also be used.
  • the rotary movement can be registered using a rotary encoder and visualized on a digital or analog display, which can be set to the starting or end position from any position.
  • the oil pressure can be detected by pressure sensors and either digital or analogue visible be made.
  • the measured values recorded can be fed directly to a data processing system, stored, evaluated and printed out.
  • the range of motion of the joint to be trained can be limited by lockable stops.
  • the patient's medical data can be entered, for example the weight of the lower leg, which falls back completely relaxed from stretching.
  • both the agonistic and the antagonistic side can be trained.
  • the device according to the invention can be used in the form of a training chair, for example, for strengthening and general aftercare of postoperative knee and muscle injuries. Furthermore, the training device according to the invention can be used to strengthen the entire ankle muscles in the pronation-supination and dorsal-plantar flexion range.
  • the training device according to the invention can also be used with particular advantage for general and special strengthening of the trunk muscles while maintaining the spinal area.
  • the device can be used to train the entire area of the body including the gruteal muscles. It can also be used, for example, to move the muscle parts of the shoulder joint to strengthen the various movement areas. It can also be used to strengthen the forearm and wrist muscles.
  • an adjustable throttle valve is arranged in each of the end regions of the channel, that the piston consists of two rigidly connected piston disks which delimit a piston chamber between them, a check valve permitting a flow into the adjacent cylinder chamber is arranged in each piston disk and that the channel between the throttle valves is provided with a line opening through the cylinder wall into the piston scanner.
  • the configuration described allows the throttle valves to be set to different cross sections, so that the forward movement takes place at the same speed with a different reaction torque than the return movement. This can be appropriate according to the limbs or body parts to be trained and moved and according to the selected training program.
  • the hydraulic fluid displaced from one cylinder chamber is essentially throttled only by the adjacent throttle valve and can then flow into the other cylinder chamber through the piston chamber and the opposite check valve, bypassing the other throttle valve.
  • the training device consists of a chair 1, which is only indicated by the stitches, backrest and legs.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 2 is fastened to the seat surface with the swivel lever 3 in such a way that the swivel axis (30) is approximately aligned with the line drawn through the patient's two knee joints.
  • a cross piece 4 is attached at the end, the bandages for attachment to the lower leg of the patient wearing.
  • the chair 1 is also provided with fastening straps, not shown, for the patient represented only by lines.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 2 can be fastened to the seat surface by means of a cross guide, which enables movement along two lines which are preferably perpendicular to one another.
  • the seat can also be adjusted forwards and backwards, whereby one of the two cross guides can be saved; it is then only necessary to guide the hydraulic cylinder 2 on the seat surface, which lies in the horizontal direction.
  • the hydraulic cylinder is shown schematically in FIG. 2.
  • a piston acting on both sides which consists of the two piston disks 5, 6, which are rigidly connected to one another by the toothed rack 7.
  • a pivot axis (30), on which the pinion 8 is wedged, is mounted in opposite regions of the cylinder wall.
  • the pinion 8 meshes with the rack 7.
  • the pivot lever 3 is wedged onto the pivot axis (30).
  • the cylinder chambers 9, 10, which are divided by the piston disks 5, 6, are connected to one another by a channel 11 in which a throttle valve 12 is arranged.
  • the throttle duct 11 is arranged in the cylinder wall.
  • the channel is provided with bores 12, 13 which open into the cylinder chambers 9, 10.
  • the cylinder In its central region, the cylinder has a transverse bore 14 in which the pivot shaft is mounted with the pinion which meshes with the rack.
  • the channel 11 has in its central region next to the transverse bore 14 a transverse bore 15 which opens into the piston chamber between the piston discs 5, 6.
  • the channel is penetrated by threaded bores 16, 17 into which throttle screws can be screwed, through which the respective throttle cross section can be adjusted.
  • the design of the piston can be seen in more detail in FIGS. 6 to 8.
  • the piston consists of the end-side piston disks 5, 6, which are connected to one another by the toothed rack 7.
  • the piston disks 5, 6 are provided with stepped axial bores 19, 20, into which steel balls 21, 22 forming check valves are inserted. These steel balls are secured against falling out by screwed-on locking plates in the manner shown.
  • FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of the pivot axis 30, which is also shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example.
  • the lever 3 is mounted on the pivot axis 30 so as to be pivotable about an axis of rotation 31.
  • the axis of rotation 31 can be formed, for example, by a bolt which passes through the pivot axis 30 transversely and engages in holes in the eye 35 on two sides, the eye 35 being rigidly connected to the lever 3.
  • the axis of rotation 31 is perpendicular to the pivot axis 30 and perpendicular to the lever 3.
  • the adjusting piece 32 is displaceably guided on the lever. This adjustment piece 32 is used to adjust the position of the leg receiver shell 36.
  • the adjustment piece 32 can be moved together with the leg receiver shell 36 until the desired position is reached. Then the adjusting piece 32 is clamped to the lever 3 with the aid of a clamping device (not shown in the drawing). With the adjusting piece 32, the cross piece 4 for the leg scales 36 is firmly connected. On the cross piece 4, the intermediate piece 37 is longitudinally displaceable and rotatably mounted. This intermediate piece 37 can be clamped after reaching the desired angular position and longitudinal position. On the intermediate piece 37, the adjustment rail 33 for the leg receiver shell 36 is mounted so as to be longitudinally displaceable. After reaching the desired position, the adjustment rail 33 and thus the leg holder shell 36 can be clamped (not shown in the drawing).
  • the axis of rotation 31 extends perpendicular to the pivot axis 30 and perpendicular to the lever 3.
  • the axis of rotation is not exactly vertical, but inclined.
  • the eye 35 of the lever 3 is chamfered in the areas in which it comes into contact with the pivot axis 30 during a pivoting movement about the axis of rotation 31 in order to avoid damage to the pivot axis 30.
  • an angle limitation for the rotary movement about the axis of rotation 31 can be predetermined.
  • the lever 3 is rigidly attached to the pivot axis 30.
  • the adjustment piece 32 is slidably mounted and lockable. With the slider 32 is the cross piece 4 for the leg receiver shell 36 firmly connected.
  • the cylinder 2 and thereby also the pivot axis 30 is pivotally mounted about the axis of rotation 34.
  • the axis of rotation 34 extends perpendicular to the pivot axis 30 and essentially parallel to the lever 3. More specifically, the axis of rotation 34 then runs parallel to the lever 3 when this lever 3 is in its neutral central position.
  • the axis of rotation 34 and the lever 3 form an angle with one another which corresponds to the angle of rotation of the pivot axis 30.
  • the arrangement can also be such that the axis of rotation 34 then runs parallel to the lever 3 when this lever 3 has been pivoted out of its neutral central position by a certain angle.
  • the axis of rotation 34 need not necessarily run exactly perpendicular to the pivot axis 30 and also not necessarily parallel to the lever 3.
  • FIG. 11 shows a further perspective illustration which essentially corresponds to FIG. 9 and in which the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals, so that a new description is unnecessary.
  • FIG. 12 shows a detail from FIG. 11, the same parts again being provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the lever 3 is firmly connected to the pivot axis 30.
  • the adjusting piece 32 is guided in a longitudinally displaceable manner.
  • the adjusting piece 32 can be clamped on the lever 3 by the locking screw 40.
  • an intermediate piece (not shown in the drawing) is moved forward and brought into contact with the lever 3.
  • This intermediate piece preferably has two mutually perpendicular clamping surfaces, which run along an edge of the lever 3 are pressed onto two adjoining surfaces of the lever 3 by the force of the adjusting screw 40, as a result of which the adjusting piece 32 is clamped on the lever 3.
  • the cross piece 4 for the leg receiver shell 36 is firmly connected.
  • the intermediate piece 27 is mounted so as to be longitudinally displaceable and rotatable.
  • the intermediate piece 37 is not clamped on the cross piece 4, but can also move in the direction of the cross piece 4 during operation.
  • the leg receiver shell 36 can thus be deflected in a direction 43, 44 perpendicular to the direction of movement 45, 46 of the lever 3.
  • the possibility of movement of the intermediate piece 37 is limited by two stops 41 and 42.
  • the stops 41, 42 can be designed to be displaceable and clampable.
  • An adjustment rail 33 is provided on the leg receiver shell 36 and engages with the intermediate piece 37.
  • the leg receiver shell 36 is connected to the intermediate piece 37 in a longitudinally displaceable and clampable manner via the adjustment rail 33.
  • the pivot axis 30 is designed as a hexagonal profile 30a.
  • the lever 3 is thus non-rotatably connected to the pivot axis 30 and longitudinally displaceable in the direction of the pivot axis.
  • the longitudinal displaceability in the direction of the pivot axis is indicated by the arrows 50, 51.
  • the remaining reference numerals in FIG. 14 correspond to those of the other figures and therefore do not need to be explained in detail anymore.
  • the intermediate piece 37 is pushed onto the cross piece 4 in the correct position and then clamped.
  • the leg receiver shell 36 consists of a middle piece 52 and two end pieces 53 and 54. In there are two elongated holes 55 and 56 in the middle piece 52. Holes 57 and 58 are provided in the end pieces 53 and 54. The end pieces 53 and 54 can thus be moved and adjusted in the direction of the double arrows 59 and 60.
  • the intermediate piece 37 is rotatably mounted on the cross piece 4; see arrows 60 and 61.
  • the leg pickup 36 is also rotatably mounted on the intermediate piece 37; see arrows 62 to 65.
  • an intermediate piece 70 is firmly connected to the pivot axis 30.
  • the intermediate piece 70 is U-shaped in its lower region and there carries the axis of rotation 31 on which the lever 3 is pivotally mounted.
  • the axis of rotation 31 extends perpendicular to the pivot axis 30.
  • the axis of rotation 31 continues to be at a distance from the pivot axis 30.
  • the axis of rotation 31 can be damped depending on the speed and / or loaded independently of the speed. This damping and / or loading can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. One side of the stressed joint can be relieved by an asymmetrical preload.

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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Trainingsgerät nach dem Oberbegriff det Ansprüche 1 bzw. 5.The invention relates to a training device according to the preamble of claims 1 and 5, respectively.

Bei einem aus der EP-135 346 A2 bekannten Trainingsgerät dieser Art ist an einer vertikalen Stütze ein mit zwei Hand-griffen versehener Hebel um eine horizontale Achse schwenkbar gelagert. An den Hebel ist zwischen den Handgriffen und der Anlenkstelle an der Stütze die Kolbenstange der hydraulischen Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit angelenkt, deren Zylinder unterhalb der gelenkigen Verbindung des Hebels mit der Stütze mit dieser gelenkig verbunden ist. Bei dem bekannten Trainingsgerät läßt sich der mit Handgriffen versehene Hebel zu Übungszwecken lediglich herabdrücken oder anheben, so daß dieses nur einen beschränkten Anwendungsbereich aufweist. Die Einsatzmöglichkeiten des bekannten Trainingsgeräts lassen sich ohne weiteres auch nicht erweitern, weil der Hebel mit dem Hydraulikzylinder und der Stütze eine viel Raum beanspruchende Konstruktion darstellt, die sich nur schwierig anderen Bewegungsabläufen zur Erreichung anderer Trainingseffekte anpassen läßt.In a training device of this type known from EP-135 346 A2, a lever provided with two handles is pivotably mounted on a vertical support about a horizontal axis. The piston rod of the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit is articulated to the lever between the handles and the articulation point on the support, the cylinder of which is articulated below the articulated connection of the lever to the support. In the known training device, the lever provided with handles can only be pressed down or raised for exercise purposes, so that it has only a limited area of application. The possible uses of the known training device can not be expanded easily because the lever with the hydraulic cylinder and the support is a space-consuming construction that can be difficult to adapt to other movements to achieve other training effects.

Aus der DE-OS 28 39 300 ist ein Trainingsgerät bekannt, bei dem ein Hebel mit einer Schwenkwelle verbunden ist, deren Drehbewegung durch einen Kettentrieb auf eine zweite Schwenk-welle übertragen wird, mit der ein Hebel verbunden ist, an den ein Ende einer Gasfeder angelenkt ist, deren anderes Ende im Gestell schwenkbar gelagert ist. Dieses bekannte Trainingsgerät ist mit einem sehr aufwendigen und Raum beanspruchenden Getriebe zur Umwandlung einer Drehbewegung in eine translatorische Bewegung versehen, so daß die Anpassung dieses Gerätes an unterschiedliche Übungen einen zusätzlichen erheblichen Konstruktionsaufwand erfordert.From DE-OS 28 39 300 a training device is known in which a lever is connected to a pivot shaft, the rotational movement of which is transmitted by a chain drive to a second pivot shaft, to which a lever is connected, to which one end of a gas spring is articulated, the other end of which is pivotally mounted in the frame. This well-known training device is with a very complex and space-consuming Provide gear for converting a rotary movement into a translatory movement, so that the adaptation of this device to different exercises requires an additional considerable design effort.

Bei den vorbekannten Trainingsgeräten wird jedoch den Besonderheiten des menschlichen Bewegungsapparates nicht hinreichend Rechnung getragen. Beobachtet man beispielsweise die Bewegung des menschlichen Kniegelenkes genauer, so stellt man fest, daß sich der Unterschenkel während des Überganges von der Beugung in die Streckung nicht nur auf einer senkrecht zur Gelenkachse (Drehachse) stehenden Ebene bewegt, sondern daß er mit zunehmender Streckung auch noch zur Körperinnen- seite wandert. Die Ursache hierfür sind, wie medizinisch be- kannt ist, die bei jedem Menschen verschiedenen, individuellen Achsverschiebungen von Ober- zu Unterschenkel. Im medizinischen Sprachgebrauch wird dieser Effekt als "zwangsläufige Innenrotation" des Unterschenkels bei zunehmender Streckung des Kniegelenks bezeichnet.In the known training devices, however, the special features of the human musculoskeletal system are not sufficiently taken into account. If, for example, one observes the movement of the human knee more closely, it is found that the lower leg not only moves on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the joint (axis of rotation) during the transition from flexion to extension, but that it also increases as the extension increases migrates to the inside of the body. The cause of this, as is medically known, is the different, individual axis displacements from upper to lower leg in each person. In medical parlance, this effect is referred to as "inevitable internal rotation" of the lower leg with increasing extension of the knee joint.

In der prioritätsälteren, nicht vorveröffentlichten DE-OS 35 26 144 wird ein Trainingsgerät beschrieben, bei dem der Hebel starr mit der Schwenkachse verbunden ist und etwa senk- recht zur Schwenkachse angeordnet ist. An den Unterschenkel der übenden Person kann eine Beinaufnehmerschale angeschnallt werden, die mit dem Hebel verbunden ist. Das Kniegelenk kann dann in der Verlängerung der Schwenkachse angeordnet werden, so daß die Schwenkachse und die Drehachse des Kniegelenks miteinander fluchten. Wenn nun die übende Person den Unterschenkel beugt bzw. streckt, dreht sich dementsprechend der Hebel um die Schwenkachse. Es ist jedoch nicht möglich, die auftretende "zwangsläufige Innenrotation" des Unterschenkels auszugleichen, da der Hebel starr mit der Schwenkachse verbunden ist und daher das Kniegelenk dazu zwingt, stets um dieselbe Achse zu drehen. Hierdurch wird das Kniegelenk und insbesondere der Knorpel- und Bandapparat stark beansprucht, was insbesondere bei häufigem Üben mit dem Trainingsgerät zu Schädigungen führen kann. Nachteilig ist dabei insbeson- dere, daß einmal zerstörte Knorpelsubstanz vom menschlichen Körper nicht regeneriert werden kann.DE-OS 35 26 144, which is older and not pre-published, describes a training device in which the lever is rigidly connected to the pivot axis and is arranged approximately perpendicular to the pivot axis. A leg receiver shell, which is connected to the lever, can be strapped onto the lower leg of the person practicing. The knee joint can then be arranged in the extension of the pivot axis, so that the pivot axis and the axis of rotation of the knee joint are aligned with one another. If the practicing person bends or stretches the lower leg, the lever rotates accordingly about the pivot axis. However, it is not possible to compensate for the "inevitable internal rotation" of the lower leg, since the lever is rigid with the pivot axis is connected and therefore forces the knee joint to always rotate about the same axis. As a result, the knee joint, and in particular the cartilage and ligament apparatus, is heavily stressed, which can lead to damage, particularly if the training device is used frequently. A particular disadvantage is that once the cartilage has been destroyed it cannot be regenerated by the human body.

Aus der US-A-3 103 357 ist ein Trainingsgerät bekannt, bei dem an einer Schwenkachse ein Hebel befestigt ist. Der Hebel ist jedoch nicht in einer Richtung senkrecht zu seiner Bewegungsrichtung auslenkbar.From US-A-3 103 357 a training device is known in which a lever is attached to a pivot axis. However, the lever cannot be deflected in a direction perpendicular to its direction of movement.

Die FR-A-2 550 708 offenbart ebenfalls ein Trainingsgerät mit einem an einer Schwenkachse befestigten Hebel, der nicht in einer Richtung senkrecht zu seiner Bewegungsrichtung auslenkbar ist. Um die Belastung des Gelenks der trainierenden Person zu reduzieren, sind Mittel zum Fixieren des oberen Teils des Unterschenkels vorgesehen. Auf den unteren Teil des Unterschenkels wirkt ein elastisches Organ ein, das auf den unteren Teil des Unterschenkels eine im wesentlichen in dessen Richtung weisende Kraft ausübt.FR-A-2 550 708 also discloses a training device with a lever attached to a pivot axis, which lever cannot be deflected in a direction perpendicular to its direction of movement. In order to reduce the load on the joint of the exercising person, means are provided for fixing the upper part of the lower leg. An elastic element acts on the lower part of the lower leg, which exerts a force essentially pointing in the direction of the lower part of the lower leg.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Trainingsgerät der eingangs angegebenen Art zu schaffen, mit dem die Belastungen des Knorpel- und Bandapparates der übenden Person vermindert werden können.The object of the invention is to provide a training device of the type specified at the beginning, with which the stresses on the cartilage and ligamentous apparatus of the exercising person can be reduced.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß der Hebel in einer Richtung senkrecht zu seiner Bewegungsrichtung auslenkbar ist.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the lever can be deflected in a direction perpendicular to its direction of movement.

Dadurch ist das erfindungsgemäße Trainingsgerät in der Lage, den natürlichen Bewegungsabläufen des menschlichen Körpers bzw. der Gelenke des menschlichen Körpers zu folgen, ohne daß Unsicherheitsgefühle bei der übenden Person erzeugt werden. Das erfindungsgemäße Trainingsgerät kann einseitige Belastungen in den Gelenken der übenden Person aufnehmen, gleichmäßig verteilen und dadurch den Knorpel- und Bandapparat schonen, also Reiz- bzw. Entzündungserscheinungen am Gelenk verhindern.As a result, the training device according to the invention is able to to follow the natural movements of the human body or the joints of the human body without creating feelings of insecurity in the person practicing. The training device according to the invention can absorb one-sided loads in the joints of the exercising person, distribute them evenly and thereby protect the cartilage and ligament apparatus, thus preventing irritation or inflammation symptoms on the joint.

Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe wird weiterhin durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Unteranspruchs 2 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Der Hebel ist an der Schwenkachse um eine senkrecht zur Schwenkachse und senkrecht zum Hebel verlaufende Drehachse schwenkbar gelagert. Die Auslenkbarkeit des Hebels in einer Richtung senkrecht zu seiner Bewegungsrichtung wird also dadurch erzielt, daß der Hebel an der Schwenkachse um eine senkrecht zur Schwenkachse und senkrecht zum Hebel verlaufende Drehachse schwenkbar gelagert ist. Diese Anordnung des Hebels ist in der Lage, sich auf einer drehbaren Ebene zu bewegen, da zwei Drehachsen vorhanden sind, die senkrecht zueinander stehen.The object on which the invention is based is further achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of subclaim 2. The lever is pivotally mounted on the pivot axis about an axis of rotation running perpendicular to the pivot axis and perpendicular to the lever. The deflectability of the lever in a direction perpendicular to its direction of movement is thus achieved in that the lever is pivotally mounted on the pivot axis about an axis of rotation running perpendicular to the pivot axis and perpendicular to the lever. This arrangement of the lever is able to move on a rotatable plane because there are two axes of rotation that are perpendicular to each other.

Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe wird weiterhin durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Unteranspruchs 3 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Danach ist die Schwenkachse um eine senkrecht zur Schwenkachse und im wesentlichen parallel zum Hebel verlaufende Drehachse schwenkbar gelagert. Die Ausgleichsmöglichkeit für das jeweilige Gelenk der übenden Person erfolgt also dadurch, daß die Schwenkachse schwenkbar gelagert ist. Dabei kann die Drehachse, an der die Schwenkachse gelagert ist, zu dem Hebel parallel verlaufen, wenn der Hebel in Ruhestellung ist. Wenn der Hebel im Verlauf der Übung ausgelenkt wird, stehen der Hebel einerseits und die Drehachse, an der die Schwenkachse gelagert ist, andererseits, in einem Winkel zueinander, der dem Auslenkungswinkel des Hebels entspricht. Die soeben beschriebene dritte Lösung der der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Aufgabe ist insbesondere für Bewegungen des menschlichen Sprunggelenks geeignet.The object underlying the invention is further achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of subclaim 3. Thereafter, the pivot axis is pivotally mounted about an axis of rotation running perpendicular to the pivot axis and essentially parallel to the lever. The possibility of compensating for the respective joint of the practicing person is thus achieved in that the pivot axis is pivotally mounted. The axis of rotation on which the pivot axis is mounted can run parallel to the lever when the lever is in the rest position. If the lever is deflected in the course of the exercise, the lever and the axis of rotation are on the one hand the pivot axis is mounted, on the other hand, at an angle to each other that corresponds to the deflection angle of the lever. The third solution of the object on which the invention is based is particularly suitable for movements of the human ankle.

Es ist auch möglich, den Hebel nicht nur an zwei zueinander senkrecht stehenden Drehachsen zu lagern, sondern an drei Drehachsen, die ebenfalls zueinander senkrecht stehen. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine freie räumliche Bewegbarkeit des Hebels. Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß bei drei zueinander senkrechten Drehachsen des Hebels die Führung des Gelenks nicht in der wünschenswerten Weise gewährleistet werden kann.It is also possible to mount the lever not only on two axes of rotation that are perpendicular to each other, but on three axes of rotation that are also perpendicular to each other. This results in a free spatial mobility of the lever. However, it has been shown that with three mutually perpendicular axes of rotation of the lever, the guidance of the joint cannot be ensured in the desirable manner.

Nach einer weiteren Lösung der der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Aufgabe ist der Hebel mit der Schwenkachse drehfest und in Richtung der Schwenkachse längsverschieblich verbunden. Die Auslenkbarkeit des Hebels in einer Richtung senkrecht zu seiner Bewegungsrichtung wird also dadurch erreicht, daß der Hebel mit der Schwenkachse in Richtung der Schwenkachse längsverschieblich verbunden ist. Der Hebel muß weiterhin mit der Schwenkachse drehfest verbunden sein, damit von der Schwenkachse auf den Hebel ein Drehmoment übertragen werden kann.According to a further solution to the problem on which the invention is based, the lever with the pivot axis is non-rotatable and in Direction of the pivot axis connected longitudinally. The deflectability of the lever in a direction perpendicular to its direction of movement is thus achieved in that the lever is longitudinally displaceably connected to the pivot axis in the direction of the pivot axis. The lever must also be non-rotatably connected to the pivot axis so that torque can be transmitted from the pivot axis to the lever.

Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe wird (nach dem unabhängigen Anspruch 5) weiterhin dadurch gelöst, daß mit dem Hebel ein parallel zur Schwenkachse verlaufendes Querstück verbunden ist, längs dem eine Beinaufnehmerschale im Betrieb längsverschieblich geführt ist. In diesem Fall wird die Auslenkbarkeit des Hebels in einer Richtung senkrecht zu seiner Bewegungsrichtung dadurch erreicht, daß die Beinaufnehmerschale auf dem Querstück längsverschieblich geführt ist.The object on which the invention is based is further achieved (according to independent claim 5) in that a cross piece running parallel to the pivot axis is connected to the lever, along which a leg pick-up shell is guided so as to be longitudinally displaceable during operation. In this case, the deflectability of the lever in a direction perpendicular to its direction of movement is achieved in that the leg receiver shell is guided in a longitudinally displaceable manner on the crosspiece.

Wenn die Schwenkachse um eine senkrecht zur Schwenkachse und im wesentlichen parallel zum Hebel verlaufende Drehachse schwenkbar gelagert ist, kann die Drehachse auch im Abstand zur Schwenkachse angeordnet sein.If the pivot axis is pivotably mounted about an axis of rotation running perpendicular to the pivot axis and essentially parallel to the lever, the axis of rotation can also be arranged at a distance from the pivot axis.

Die Erfindung kann mit Vorteil bei einem Trainingsgerät der in der DE-OS 35 26 144 angegebenen Art angewendet werden, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß der Hebel zur Erzeugung eines Reaktionsmoments mit dem doppelt wirkenden Kolben eines Hydraulikzylinders so verbunden ist, daß eine alternierende Drehbewegung des Hebels in eine translatorische hin- und hergehende Bewegung des Kolbens umgewandelt wird, und daß ein eine Drosseleinrichtung aufweisender Kanal vorhanden ist, der die durch den Kolben getrennten und mit Flüssigkeit gefüllten Zylinderkammern miteinander verbindet.The invention can be advantageously used in a training device of the type specified in DE-OS 35 26 144, which is characterized in that the lever for generating a reaction torque is connected to the double-acting piston of a hydraulic cylinder so that an alternating rotary movement of the Lever is converted into a translatory reciprocating movement of the piston, and that there is a channel having a throttle device, which connects the cylinder chambers separated by the piston and filled with liquid.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung durchsetzt die Schwenkachse den Zylinder quer und ist die Schwenkachse im Innern des Zylinders mit dem Kolben durch ein Getriebe verbunden. Da durch diese Anordnung die das Reaktionsmoment für die übende Person erzeugende Einheit aus der unmittelbar an den Hydraulikzylinder angelenkten Schwenkachse besteht, läßt sich diese in raumsparender Weise derart anordnen, daß eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Ubungen ausgeführt werden kann.According to an advantageous development of the invention, the pivot axis passes through the cylinder transversely and the pivot axis in the interior of the cylinder is connected to the piston by a gear. Since this arrangement of the unit generating the reaction moment for the practicing person consists of the pivot axis which is directly linked to the hydraulic cylinder, it can be arranged in a space-saving manner in such a way that a large number of different exercises can be carried out.

Zweckmäßigerweise ist der mit der Drosseleinrichtung versehene Kanal in der Zylinderwandung angeordnet. Dies führt zu einer weiteren Vereinfachung und Raumersparnis.The channel provided with the throttle device is expediently arranged in the cylinder wall. This leads to a further simplification and space saving.

Das Getriebe läßt sich in vorteilhafter und einfacher Weise dadurch bilden, daß der Kolben zwischen den Kolbenscheiben mit einer achsparallelen Zahnstange versehen ist, mit der ein mit der Schwenkachse fest verbundenes Ritzel kämmt. Das Getriebe kann auch durch eine Kurbel und eine Pleuelstange oder Exzenter gebildet werden.The transmission can be formed in an advantageous and simple manner in that the piston is provided between the piston disks with an axially parallel toothed rack with which a pinion which is firmly connected to the pivot axis meshes. The transmission can also be formed by a crank and a connecting rod or eccentric.

Zweckmäßigerweise ist der Zylinder mit dem aus einem Stuhl, einer Liege oder dergleichen bestehenden Trainingsgerät derart verbunden, daß die Schwenkachse im wesentlichen mit der Achse des Gelenks oder Beugungszentrums des zu trainierenden Gliedes oder Körperteils fluchtet.The cylinder is expediently connected to the training device consisting of a chair, a couch or the like in such a way that the pivot axis is essentially aligned with the axis of the joint or flexion center of the limb or body part to be trained.

Der Zylinder kann derart mit der Schwenkachse eines zweiten gleichartigen, an dem Trainingsgerät befestigten Zylinders verbunden sein, daß diese mit der Längsachse des ersten Zylinders fluchtet. Diese Ausgestaltung ermöglicht gleichsam kardanische räumliche Bewegungen, wie sie beispielsweise zum Trainieren von Hüft- oder Schultergelenken zweckmäßig sind.The cylinder can be connected to the pivot axis of a second cylinder of the same type attached to the training device such that it is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the first cylinder. This configuration enables, as it were, cardanic spatial movements, such as are useful for training hip or shoulder joints, for example.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann der Zylinder mit mindestens einem den Druck der hydraulischen Flüssigkeit in einer Zylinderkammer messenden Einrichtung versehen sein. Diese Einrichtung kann dem Patienten oder dem Arzt das jeweilige Reaktionsmoment anzeigen. Zusätzlich kann eine Einrichtung vorgesehen sein, die den gemessenen Druck anzeigt und/oder aus diesem die Arbeit und/oder die Leistung ermittelt und diese anzeigt und/oder registriert. Die von dem Patienten geleistete Arbeit läßt sich aus dem jeweiligen Widerstand und den Schwenkwinkeln errechnen, wobei zur Ermittlung der Leistung noch die Winkelgeschwindigkeit zu messen ist.In a further embodiment of the invention, the cylinder can be provided with at least one device that measures the pressure of the hydraulic fluid in a cylinder chamber. This device can display the respective reaction moment to the patient or the doctor. In addition, a device can be provided which displays the measured pressure and / or determines the work and / or the power from this and displays and / or registers this. The work performed by the patient can be calculated from the respective resistance and the swivel angles, the angular velocity also having to be measured to determine the power.

Um zu große Bewegungen zu verhindern, kann der Schwenkwinkel des Hebels durch Anschläge einstellbar sein. Weiterhin ist die Länge des Hebelarms des Hebels zweckmäßigerweise einstellbar.To prevent excessive movements, the swivel angle of the lever can be adjusted by stops. Furthermore, the length of the lever arm of the lever is expediently adjustable.

Besteht das erfindungsgemäße gymnastische Gerät beispielsweise aus einem Trainingsstuhl, kann der Unterschenkel des Patienten mittels gepolsterter Andrückschalen und Fixierbändern an dem Hebel befestigt werden. Dabei liegt der Oberschenkel fest auf der Stuhlsitzfläche auf und wird ebenfalls durch Haltegurte fixiert. Zusätzlich kann ein Beckengurt zur Stabilisierung von Hüfte und Rumpf vorgesehen werden. Die Andrückschale ist zweckmäßigerweise in ihrem Ansatzpunkt an dem längenverstellbaren Hebelarm drehbar gelagert und kann auch selbst auf die erforderliche Schienenbeinlänge des Patienten eingestellt werden, so daß eine Schubladenbelastung der Kniegelenkbänder möglichst gering gehalten wird.If the gymnastic device according to the invention consists, for example, of a training chair, the lower leg of the patient can be attached to the lever by means of padded pressure plates and fixing straps. The thigh lies firmly on the seat of the chair and is also fixed by means of straps. In addition, a lap belt can be provided to stabilize the hips and torso. The pressure shell is expediently rotatably mounted in its starting point on the length-adjustable lever arm and can also be adjusted to the required length of the patient's spine, so that the drawer load on the knee joint ligaments is kept as low as possible.

Das erfindungsgemäße Trainingsgerät ermöglicht es, das Belastungsrisiko am Gelenkapparat des Patienten möglichst gering zu halten. Daher sollten an den erforderlichen Stellen Justier-, Stütz- und Stabilisierungseinrichtungen vorgesehen werden. Die zu trainierenden Muskeln können von dem Patienten so stark bewegt werden, wie es ihm möglich ist, um bei geringstem Zeitaufwand die größtmöglichen Trainingserfolge zu erzielen. Kontrollierende Meßeinrichtungen können dem Patienten oder Trainierenden und auch dem Therapeuten einen ständigen Überblick über die Belastung und den Erfolg der Übungsprogramme vermitteln. Auch ist eine Datenspeicherung zur Statistik und Programmgestaltung möglich.The training device according to the invention makes it possible to keep the risk of stress on the patient's joint apparatus as low as possible. Therefore, should be in the necessary places Adjustment, support and stabilization devices are provided. The muscles to be trained can be moved as much as possible by the patient in order to achieve the greatest possible training success in the shortest possible time. Controlling measuring devices can provide the patient or exerciser and also the therapist with a constant overview of the stress and the success of the exercise programs. Data storage for statistics and program design is also possible.

Beim Beugen und Strecken eines Gelenkes mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Trainingsgerät kann ein Drehpunkt ermittelt werden, der der gedachten Mitte des Gelenks entspricht. Bei einem Scharniergelenk ergibt sich dabei eine Drehlinie. Sie ist das gedachte Lot durch alle zur Längsrichtung der beiden Schenkel liegenden Ebenen. Dabei schneiden sich zwei senkrecht zueinander stehende Ebenen in dem Drehpunkt. Die Drehachse bzw. der Drehpunkt des Hebels soll räumlich der gedachten Gelenkmitte nachgeführt und fixiert werden können. Die Kreisbewegung der beiden Schenkel kann dabei in einem gleichgerichteten Vorwärts- und Rückwärtsschub des hydraulischen Arbeitskolbens umgewandelt werden.When bending and stretching a joint with the training device according to the invention, a pivot point can be determined which corresponds to the imaginary center of the joint. In the case of a hinge joint, there is a turning line. It is the imaginary plumb line through all the planes lying in the longitudinal direction of the two legs. Two planes perpendicular to each other intersect at the pivot point. The axis of rotation or the fulcrum of the lever should be able to track and fix spatially the imaginary center of the joint. The circular movement of the two legs can be converted into a rectified forward and backward thrust of the hydraulic working piston.

Die Drosseleinrichtung kann aus einem Arbeitsausgleichskanal bestehen, dessen Überströmungen so angeordnet sind, daß er für die Bewegungsrichtungen benutzt werden kann, und zwar mittels zweier Drosselschrauben. Es kann auch ein Mehrkanalsystem mit mehreren Drosselschrauben angewendet werden.The throttle device can consist of a work compensation duct, the overflows of which are arranged so that it can be used for the directions of movement, by means of two throttle screws. A multi-channel system with several throttle screws can also be used.

Die Drehbewegung kann mittels Drehgeber registriert und auf einer Digital- oder Analoganzeige sichtbar gemacht werden, die von jeder beliebigen Position auf Ausgangs- oder Endstellung gestellt werden kann. Der Öldruck kann von Drucksensoren erfaßt und entweder digital oder analog sichtbar gemacht werden. Die erfaßten Meßwerte können direkt einer Datenverarbeitungsanlage zugeführt, gespeichert, ausgewertet und ausgedruckt werden. Durch feststellbare Anschläge kann der Bewegungsbereich des zu trainierenden Gelenks eingegrenzt werden.The rotary movement can be registered using a rotary encoder and visualized on a digital or analog display, which can be set to the starting or end position from any position. The oil pressure can be detected by pressure sensors and either digital or analogue visible be made. The measured values recorded can be fed directly to a data processing system, stored, evaluated and printed out. The range of motion of the joint to be trained can be limited by lockable stops.

Mit Hilfe eines speziell erarbeiteten Programms lassen sich die medizinischen Daten des Patienten eingeben, beispielsweise das Gewicht des aus der Streckung völlig entspannt zurückfallenden Unterschenkels.With the help of a specially developed program, the patient's medical data can be entered, for example the weight of the lower leg, which falls back completely relaxed from stretching.

Je nach beanspruchter Muskelgruppe läßt sich sowohl die agonistische als auch die antagonistische Seite trainieren.Depending on the stressed muscle group, both the agonistic and the antagonistic side can be trained.

Das erfindungsgemäße Gerät läßt sich in Form eines Trainingsstuhls beispielsweise zur Kräftigung und allgemeinen Nachbehandlung postoperativer Kniegelenks- und Muskelverletzungen einsetzen. Weiterhin kann das erfindungsgemäße Trainingsgerät zur Kräftigung der gesamten Sprunggelenksmuskulatur in den Bewegungsbereich Pronation-Supination und Dorsal-Plantarflektion verwendet werden.The device according to the invention can be used in the form of a training chair, for example, for strengthening and general aftercare of postoperative knee and muscle injuries. Furthermore, the training device according to the invention can be used to strengthen the entire ankle muscles in the pronation-supination and dorsal-plantar flexion range.

Mit besonderem Vorteil läßt sich das erfindungsgemäße Trainingsgerät auch zur allgemeinen und speziellen Kräftigung der Rumpfmuskulatur under Schonhaltung des Wirbelsäulenbereiches einsetzen. Mit dem Gerät läßt sich zur Kräftigung der gesamte Küftbereich einschließlich der Gruteal-Muskulatur trainieren. Mit ihm lassen sich zur Kräftigung der verschiedenen Bewegungsbereiche beispielsweise auch die Muskelteile des Schultergelenks bewegen. Es kann auch zur speziellen Kräftigung der Unterarm- und Handgelenksmuskulatur eingesetzt werden.The training device according to the invention can also be used with particular advantage for general and special strengthening of the trunk muscles while maintaining the spinal area. The device can be used to train the entire area of the body including the gruteal muscles. It can also be used, for example, to move the muscle parts of the shoulder joint to strengthen the various movement areas. It can also be used to strengthen the forearm and wrist muscles.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Endbereichen des Kanals je ein einstellbares Drosselventil angeordnet ist, daß der Kolben aus zwei starr miteinander verbundenen Kolbenscheiben besteht, die zwischen sich eine Kolbenkammer begrenzen, das in jeder Kolbenscheibe ein einen Durchfluß in die angrenzende Zylinderkammer gestattendes Rückschlagventil angeordnet ist und daß der Kanal zwischen den Drosselventilen mit einer durch die Zylinderwandung hindurch in die Kolbenkanner mündenden Leitung versehen ist. Hierdurch wird die Einstellung verschiedener Reaktionsmomente für die hingehende Bewegung einerseits und für die hergehende Bewegung andererseits ermöglicht. Die beschriebene Ausgestaltung gestattet es, die Drosselventile auf unterschiedliche Querschnitte einzustellen, so daß die Hinbewegung bei gleicher Geschwindigkeit mit einem anderen Reaktionsmoment als die Rückbewegung erfolgt. Dies kann entsprechend den zu trainierenden und zu bewegenden Gliedern oder Körperteilen und entsprechend dem gewählten Trainingsprogramm zweckmäßig sein. Die aus einer Zylinderkammer verdrängte hydraulische Flüssigkeit wird im wesentlichen nur durch das angrenzende Drosselventil gedrosselt und kann sodann durch die Kolbenkammer und das gegenüberliegende Rückschlagventil unter Umgehung des anderen Drosselventils in die andere Zylinderkammer strömen.Another advantageous development of the invention is characterized in that an adjustable throttle valve is arranged in each of the end regions of the channel, that the piston consists of two rigidly connected piston disks which delimit a piston chamber between them, a check valve permitting a flow into the adjacent cylinder chamber is arranged in each piston disk and that the channel between the throttle valves is provided with a line opening through the cylinder wall into the piston scanner. This enables the setting of different reaction moments for the outgoing movement on the one hand and for the outgoing movement on the other hand. The configuration described allows the throttle valves to be set to different cross sections, so that the forward movement takes place at the same speed with a different reaction torque than the return movement. This can be appropriate according to the limbs or body parts to be trained and moved and according to the selected training program. The hydraulic fluid displaced from one cylinder chamber is essentially throttled only by the adjacent throttle valve and can then flow into the other cylinder chamber through the piston chamber and the opposite check valve, bypassing the other throttle valve.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. In dieser zeigt

Fig. 1
das aus einem Stuhl bestehende Traininsgerät in perspektivischer, schematischer Darstellung,
Fig. 2
eine schematische Darstellung des mit dem Hebel versehenen Hydraulikzylinders,
Fig. 3
bis 5 den Hydraulikzylinder in zwei Seitenansichten und in Draufsicht,
Fig. 6
bis 8 den Kolben in zwei Seitenansichten und in Draufsicht,
Fig. 9
die Schwenkwelle und den Hebel in perspektivischer Darstellung,
Fig. 10
den Zylinder, die Schwenkwelle und den Hebel in perspektivischer Darstellung,
Fig. 11
die Schwenkwelle und den Hebel in einer weiteren Darstellung,
Fig. 12
die Schwenkwelle und den Hebel in einer weiteren Darstellung,
Fig. 13
eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung,
Fig. 14
eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung und
Fig. 15
eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung.
An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. In this shows
Fig. 1
the training device consisting of a chair in a perspective, schematic representation,
Fig. 2
1 shows a schematic illustration of the hydraulic cylinder provided with the lever,
Fig. 3
to 5 the hydraulic cylinder in two side views and in top view,
Fig. 6
to 8 the piston in two side views and in plan view,
Fig. 9
the pivot shaft and the lever in perspective,
Fig. 10
the cylinder, the pivot shaft and the lever in perspective,
Fig. 11
the pivot shaft and the lever in a further representation,
Fig. 12
the pivot shaft and the lever in a further representation,
Fig. 13
another embodiment of the invention,
Fig. 14
a further embodiment of the invention and
Fig. 15
a further embodiment of the invention.

Nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 besteht das Trainingsgerät aus einem Stuhl 1, der nur durch Stizfläche, Rückenlehne und Beine angedeutet ist. An der Sitzfläche ist der Hydraulikzylinder 2 mit dem Schwenkhebel 3 in der Weise befestigt, daß die Schwenkachse (30) in etwa mit der durch die beiden Kniegelenke des Patienten gezogenen Linie fluchtet. An dem Schwenkhebel 3, der in nicht dargestellter Weise längenverstellbar ist, ist endseitig ein Querstück 4 angesetzt, das Bandagen zur Befestigung an dem Unterschenkel des Patienten trägt.According to the embodiment of Fig. 1, the training device consists of a chair 1, which is only indicated by the stitches, backrest and legs. The hydraulic cylinder 2 is fastened to the seat surface with the swivel lever 3 in such a way that the swivel axis (30) is approximately aligned with the line drawn through the patient's two knee joints. On the swivel lever 3, which is adjustable in length in a manner not shown, a cross piece 4 is attached at the end, the bandages for attachment to the lower leg of the patient wearing.

Der Stuhl 1 ist weiterhin mit nicht dargestellten Befestigungsgurten für den nur durch Striche dargestellten Patienten versehen.The chair 1 is also provided with fastening straps, not shown, for the patient represented only by lines.

Um die Schwenkachse 30 des Hydraulikzylinders 2 bezüglich der Kniegelenke des Patienten zu justieren, kann der Hydraulikzylinder 2 an der Sitzfläche mittels einer Kreuzführung befestigt sein, die eine Bewegung längs zweier vorzugsweise senkrecht zueinander stehender Linien ermöglicht. Stattdessen kann auch die Sitzfläche nach vorne und hinten verstellbar sein, wodurch eine der beiden Kreuzführungen eingespart werden kann; es ist dann nur noch eine Führung des Hydraulikzylinders 2 an der Sitzfläche erforderlich, die in waagerechter Richtung liegt.In order to adjust the pivot axis 30 of the hydraulic cylinder 2 with respect to the patient's knee joints, the hydraulic cylinder 2 can be fastened to the seat surface by means of a cross guide, which enables movement along two lines which are preferably perpendicular to one another. Instead, the seat can also be adjusted forwards and backwards, whereby one of the two cross guides can be saved; it is then only necessary to guide the hydraulic cylinder 2 on the seat surface, which lies in the horizontal direction.

Der Hydraulikzylinder ist in Fig. 2 schematisch dargestellt. In dem Hydraulikzylinder 2 ist ein beidseitig wirkender Kolben angeordnet, der aus den beiden Kolbenscheiben 5, 6 besteht, die durch die Zahnstange 7 starr miteinander verbunden sind. In gegenüberliegenden Bereichen der Zylinderwandung ist eine Schwenkachse (30) gelagert, auf die das Ritzel 8 aufgekeilt ist. Das Ritzel 8 kämmt mit der Zahnstange 7. Außerhalb des Zylin- ders 2 ist auf die Schwenkachse (30) der Schwenkhebel 3 aufgekeilt. Die durch die Kolbenscheiben 5, 6 abgeteilten Zylinderkammern 9, 10 sind durch einen Kanal 11 miteinander verbunden, in dem ein Drosselventil 12 angeordnet ist.The hydraulic cylinder is shown schematically in FIG. 2. Arranged in the hydraulic cylinder 2 is a piston acting on both sides, which consists of the two piston disks 5, 6, which are rigidly connected to one another by the toothed rack 7. A pivot axis (30), on which the pinion 8 is wedged, is mounted in opposite regions of the cylinder wall. The pinion 8 meshes with the rack 7. Outside the cylinder 2, the pivot lever 3 is wedged onto the pivot axis (30). The cylinder chambers 9, 10, which are divided by the piston disks 5, 6, are connected to one another by a channel 11 in which a throttle valve 12 is arranged.

Bei dem aus den Fig. 3 bis 5 ersichtlichen Zylinder 2 ist der Drosselkanal 11 in der Zylinderwandung angeordnet. In den Endbereichen ist der Kanal mit Bohrungen 12, 13 versehen, die in die Zylinderkammern 9, 10 münden.In the cylinder 2 shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the throttle duct 11 is arranged in the cylinder wall. In the end regions, the channel is provided with bores 12, 13 which open into the cylinder chambers 9, 10.

Der Zylinder weist in seinem mittleren Bereich eine Querbohrung 14 auf, in der die Schwenkwelle mit dem Ritzel gelagert ist, das mit der Zahnstange kämmt.In its central region, the cylinder has a transverse bore 14 in which the pivot shaft is mounted with the pinion which meshes with the rack.

Weiterhin weist der Kanal 11 in seinem mittleren Bereich neben der Querbohrung 14 eine Querbohrung 15 auf, die in die Kolbenkammer zwischen den Kolbenscheiben 5, 6 mündet.Furthermore, the channel 11 has in its central region next to the transverse bore 14 a transverse bore 15 which opens into the piston chamber between the piston discs 5, 6.

In seinen Endbereichen ist der Kanal von Gewindebohrungen 16, 17 durchsetzt, in die Drosselschrauben einschraubbar sind, durch die sich der jeweilige Drosselquerschnitt einstellen läßt.In its end regions, the channel is penetrated by threaded bores 16, 17 into which throttle screws can be screwed, through which the respective throttle cross section can be adjusted.

Die Ausgestaltung des Kolbens ist aus den Fig. 6 bis 8 näher ersichtlich. Der Kolben besteht aus den endseitigen Kolbenscheiben 5, 6, die durch die Zahnstange 7 miteinander verbunden sind. Die Kolbenscheiben 5, 6 sind mit abgesetzten Axialbohrungen 19, 20 versehen, in die Rückschlagventile bildende Stahlkugeln 21, 22 eingesetzt sind. Diese Stahlkugeln sind durch aufgeschraubte Sicherungsbleche in der dargestellten Weise gegen ein Herausfallen gesichert.The design of the piston can be seen in more detail in FIGS. 6 to 8. The piston consists of the end-side piston disks 5, 6, which are connected to one another by the toothed rack 7. The piston disks 5, 6 are provided with stepped axial bores 19, 20, into which steel balls 21, 22 forming check valves are inserted. These steel balls are secured against falling out by screwed-on locking plates in the manner shown.

Fig. 9 zeigt in einer perspektivischen Darstellung die Schwenkachse 30, die beispielsweise auch in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellt ist. An der Schwenkachse 30 ist der Hebel 3 um eine Drehachse 31 schwenkbar gelagert. Die Drehachse 31 kann beispielsweise durch einen Bolzen gebildet werden, der die Schwenkachse 30 quer durchsetzt und auf zwei Seiten in Löcher des Auges 35 eingreift, wobei das Auge 35 mit dem Hebel 3 starr verbunden ist. Wie aus der Fig. 9 ersichtlich, steht die Drehachse 31 senkrecht zur Schwenkachse 30 und senkrecht zum Hebel 3. An dem Hebel ist das Verstellstück 32 verschieblich geführt. Dieses Verstellstück 32 dient zur Anpassung der Stellung der Beinaufnehmerschale 36. Je nach Körpergröße bzw. individuellen Wünschen kann das Verstellstück 32 zusammen mit der Beinaufnehmerschale 36 verschoben werden, bis die gewünschte Stellung erreicht ist. Dann wird das Verstellstück 32 mit Hilfe einer ein der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Klemmvorrichtung an dem Hebel 3 festgeklemmt. Mit den Verstellstück 32 ist das Querstück 4 für die Beinaufnehmershcale 36 fest verbunden. Auf dem Querstück 4 ist das Zwischenstück 37 längsverschieblich und drehbar gelagert. Dieses Zwischenstück 37 kann nach Erreichen der gewünschten Winkelstellung und Längsstellung festgeklemmt werden. An dem Zwischenstück 37 ist die Verstellschiene 33 für die Beinaufnehmerschale 36 längsverschieblich gelagert. Nach Erreichen der gewünschten Stellung kann die Verstellschiene 33 und damit die Beinaufnehmerschale 36 festgeklemmt werde (in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt). Die Bewegungsmöglichkeiten bzw. Verstellmöglichkeiten sind in der Fig. 9 mit Pfeilen angedeutet. In der Fig. 9 verläuft die Drehachse 31 senkrecht zur Schwenkachse 30 und senkrecht zum Hebel 3. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, daß die Drehachse nicht genau senkrecht, sondern geneigt ist.9 shows a perspective view of the pivot axis 30, which is also shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example. The lever 3 is mounted on the pivot axis 30 so as to be pivotable about an axis of rotation 31. The axis of rotation 31 can be formed, for example, by a bolt which passes through the pivot axis 30 transversely and engages in holes in the eye 35 on two sides, the eye 35 being rigidly connected to the lever 3. As can be seen from FIG. 9, the axis of rotation 31 is perpendicular to the pivot axis 30 and perpendicular to the lever 3. The adjusting piece 32 is displaceably guided on the lever. This adjustment piece 32 is used to adjust the position of the leg receiver shell 36. Depending on the body size or individual requests, the adjustment piece 32 can be moved together with the leg receiver shell 36 until the desired position is reached. Then the adjusting piece 32 is clamped to the lever 3 with the aid of a clamping device (not shown in the drawing). With the adjusting piece 32, the cross piece 4 for the leg scales 36 is firmly connected. On the cross piece 4, the intermediate piece 37 is longitudinally displaceable and rotatably mounted. This intermediate piece 37 can be clamped after reaching the desired angular position and longitudinal position. On the intermediate piece 37, the adjustment rail 33 for the leg receiver shell 36 is mounted so as to be longitudinally displaceable. After reaching the desired position, the adjustment rail 33 and thus the leg holder shell 36 can be clamped (not shown in the drawing). The possibilities of movement or adjustment are indicated with arrows in FIG. 9. 9, the axis of rotation 31 extends perpendicular to the pivot axis 30 and perpendicular to the lever 3. However, it is also possible that the axis of rotation is not exactly vertical, but inclined.

Das Auge 35 des Hebels 3 ist in den Bereichen, in denen es bei einer Schwenkbewegung um die Drehachse 31 mit der Schwenkachse 30 in Berührung kommt, abgeschrägt, um Beschädigungen der Schwenkachse 30 zu vermeiden. Durch die Bemessung des Auges 35 bzw. der soeben beschriebenen Abschrägungen kann eine Winkelbegrenzung für die Drehbewegung um die Drehachse 31 vorherbestimmt werden.The eye 35 of the lever 3 is chamfered in the areas in which it comes into contact with the pivot axis 30 during a pivoting movement about the axis of rotation 31 in order to avoid damage to the pivot axis 30. By dimensioning the eye 35 or the bevels just described, an angle limitation for the rotary movement about the axis of rotation 31 can be predetermined.

Fig. 10 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel der zweiten Lösung der der Erfindung zugrundeliegenden Aufgabe. An der Schwenkachse 30 ist der Hebel 3 starr befestigt. An dem Hebel 3 ist das Verstellstück 32 gleitbeweglich und feststellbar gelagert. Mit dem Gleitstück 32 ist das Querstück 4 für die Beinaufnehmerschale 36 fest verbunden. Der Zylinder 2 und dadurch auch die Schwenkachse 30 ist um die Drehachse 34 schwenkbar gelagert. Die Drehachse 34 verläuft senkrecht zur Schwenkachse 30 und im wesentlichen parallel zum Hebel 3. Genauer gesagt verläuft die Drehachse 34 dann parallel zum Hebel 3, wenn sich dieser Hebel 3 in seiner neutralen Mittelstellung befindet. Wenn der Hebel 3 um die Schwenkachse 30 im Verlaufe der Übung gedreht wird, nehmen die Drehachse 34 und der Hebel 3 einen Winkel zueinander ein, der dem Drehwinkel der Schwenkachse 30 entspricht. Die Anordnung kann auch so getroffen werden, daß die Drehachse 34 dann parallel zum Hebel 3 verläuft, wenn dieser Hebel 3 aus seiner neutralen Mittelstellung um einen bestimmten Winkel herausgeschwenkt worden ist. Weiterhin muß die Drehachse 34 nicht unbedingt genau senkrecht zur Schwenkachse 30 und auch nicht unbedingt parallel zum Hebel 3 verlaufen.10 shows an exemplary embodiment of the second solution to the problem on which the invention is based. The lever 3 is rigidly attached to the pivot axis 30. On the lever 3, the adjustment piece 32 is slidably mounted and lockable. With the slider 32 is the cross piece 4 for the leg receiver shell 36 firmly connected. The cylinder 2 and thereby also the pivot axis 30 is pivotally mounted about the axis of rotation 34. The axis of rotation 34 extends perpendicular to the pivot axis 30 and essentially parallel to the lever 3. More specifically, the axis of rotation 34 then runs parallel to the lever 3 when this lever 3 is in its neutral central position. If the lever 3 is rotated about the pivot axis 30 in the course of the exercise, the axis of rotation 34 and the lever 3 form an angle with one another which corresponds to the angle of rotation of the pivot axis 30. The arrangement can also be such that the axis of rotation 34 then runs parallel to the lever 3 when this lever 3 has been pivoted out of its neutral central position by a certain angle. Furthermore, the axis of rotation 34 need not necessarily run exactly perpendicular to the pivot axis 30 and also not necessarily parallel to the lever 3.

Fig. 11 zeigt eine witere perspektivische Darstellung, die der Fig. 9 im wesentlichen entspricht und in der gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind, so daß sich eine erneute Beschreibung erübrigt.FIG. 11 shows a further perspective illustration which essentially corresponds to FIG. 9 and in which the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals, so that a new description is unnecessary.

Fig. 12 zeigt eine Einzelheit aus der Fig. 11, wobei wiederum gleiche Teile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen sind.FIG. 12 shows a detail from FIG. 11, the same parts again being provided with the same reference numerals.

Bei der in Fig. 13 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist der Hebel 3 mit der Schwenkachse 30 fest verbunden. An dem Hebel 3 ist das Verstellstück 32 längsverschieblich geführt. Das Verstellstück 32 kann an dem Hebel 3 durch die Feststellschraube 40 festgeklemmt werden. Durch eine Drehung der Feststellschraube 40 wird ein Zwischenstück (in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt) vorwärts bewegt und mit dem Hebel 3 zur Anlage gebracht. Vorzugsweise besitzt dieses Zwischenstück zwei senkrecht zueinander stehende Klemmflächen, die längs einer Kante des Hebels 3 auf zwei aneinandergrenzende Flächen des Hebels 3 durch die Kraft der Verstellschraube 40 aufgepreßt werden, wodurch die Festklemmung des Verstellstücks 32 auf dem Hebel 3 bewirkt wird.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 13, the lever 3 is firmly connected to the pivot axis 30. On the lever 3, the adjusting piece 32 is guided in a longitudinally displaceable manner. The adjusting piece 32 can be clamped on the lever 3 by the locking screw 40. By rotating the locking screw 40, an intermediate piece (not shown in the drawing) is moved forward and brought into contact with the lever 3. This intermediate piece preferably has two mutually perpendicular clamping surfaces, which run along an edge of the lever 3 are pressed onto two adjoining surfaces of the lever 3 by the force of the adjusting screw 40, as a result of which the adjusting piece 32 is clamped on the lever 3.

Mit dem Verstellstück 32 ist das Querstück 4 für die Beinaufnehmerschale 36 fest verbunden. Auf dem Querstück 4 ist das Zwischenstück 27 längsverschieblich und drehbar gelagert. Im Gegensatz zur Ausführungsform nach der Fig. 9 wird das Zwischenstück 37 jedoch nicht auf dem Querstück 4 festgeklemmt, sondern kann sich auch während des Betriebs in Richtung des Querstücks 4 bewegen. Die Beinaufnehmerschale 36 ist also in einer Richtung 43, 44 senkrecht zur Bewegungsrichtung 45, 46 des Hebels 3 auslenkbar. Die Bewegungsmöglichkeit des Zwischenstückes 37 ist durch zwei Anschläge 41 und 42 begrenzt. Die Anschläge 41, 42 können verschieblich und festklemmbar ausgestaltet sein. Auf der Beinaufnehmerschale 36 ist eine Verstellschiene 33 vorgesehen, die mit dem Zwischenstück 37 in Eingriff steht. Über die Verstellschiene 33 ist die Beinaufnehmerschale 36 mit dem Zwischenstück 37 längsverschieblich und festklemmbar verbunden.With the adjusting piece 32, the cross piece 4 for the leg receiver shell 36 is firmly connected. On the cross piece 4, the intermediate piece 27 is mounted so as to be longitudinally displaceable and rotatable. In contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 9, the intermediate piece 37 is not clamped on the cross piece 4, but can also move in the direction of the cross piece 4 during operation. The leg receiver shell 36 can thus be deflected in a direction 43, 44 perpendicular to the direction of movement 45, 46 of the lever 3. The possibility of movement of the intermediate piece 37 is limited by two stops 41 and 42. The stops 41, 42 can be designed to be displaceable and clampable. An adjustment rail 33 is provided on the leg receiver shell 36 and engages with the intermediate piece 37. The leg receiver shell 36 is connected to the intermediate piece 37 in a longitudinally displaceable and clampable manner via the adjustment rail 33.

Bei der in Fig. 14 dargestellten Lösung ist die Schwenkachse 30 als Sechskantprofil 30a ausgestaltet. Der Hebel 3 ist also mit der Schwenkachse 30 drehfest und in Richtung der Schwenkachse längsverschieblich verbunden. Die Längsverschieblichkeit in Richtung der Schwenkachse ist durch die Pfeile 50, 51 angedeutet. Die übrigen Bezugsziffern der Fig. 14 entsprechen denjenigen der anderen Figuren und brauchen daher nicht mehr im einzelnen erläutert zu werden. Das Zwischenstück 37 wird auf dem Querstück 4 in die richtige Stellung geschoben und dann festgeklemmt. Die Beinaufnehmerschale 36 besteht aus einem Mittelstück 52 und zwei Endstücken 53 und 54. In dem Mittelstück 52 befinden sich zwei Langlöcher 55 und 56. In den Endstücken 53 und 54 sind Löcher 57 und 58 vorgesehen. Die Endstücke 53 und 54 können also in Richtung der Doppelpfeile 59 und 60 verschoben und einjustiert werden.In the solution shown in FIG. 14, the pivot axis 30 is designed as a hexagonal profile 30a. The lever 3 is thus non-rotatably connected to the pivot axis 30 and longitudinally displaceable in the direction of the pivot axis. The longitudinal displaceability in the direction of the pivot axis is indicated by the arrows 50, 51. The remaining reference numerals in FIG. 14 correspond to those of the other figures and therefore do not need to be explained in detail anymore. The intermediate piece 37 is pushed onto the cross piece 4 in the correct position and then clamped. The leg receiver shell 36 consists of a middle piece 52 and two end pieces 53 and 54. In there are two elongated holes 55 and 56 in the middle piece 52. Holes 57 and 58 are provided in the end pieces 53 and 54. The end pieces 53 and 54 can thus be moved and adjusted in the direction of the double arrows 59 and 60.

Das Zwischenstück 37 ist auf dem Querstück 4 drehbar gelagert; siehe Pfeile 60 und 61. Die Beinaufnehmerschlage 36 ist an dem Zwischenstück 37 ebenfalls drehbar gelagert; siehe Pfeile 62 bis 65.The intermediate piece 37 is rotatably mounted on the cross piece 4; see arrows 60 and 61. The leg pickup 36 is also rotatably mounted on the intermediate piece 37; see arrows 62 to 65.

Bei der in Fig. 15 dargestellten Ausführungsform ist ein Zwischenstück 70 mit der Schwenkachse 30 fest verbunden. Das Zwischenstück 70 ist in seinem unteren Bereich U-förmig ausgebildet und trägt dort die Drehachse 31, an der der Hebel 3 Schwenkbar gelagert ist. Die Drehachse 31 verläuft senkrecht zur Schwenkachse 30. Die Drehachse 31 verläuft weiterhin im Abstand zur Schwenkachse 30.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 15, an intermediate piece 70 is firmly connected to the pivot axis 30. The intermediate piece 70 is U-shaped in its lower region and there carries the axis of rotation 31 on which the lever 3 is pivotally mounted. The axis of rotation 31 extends perpendicular to the pivot axis 30. The axis of rotation 31 continues to be at a distance from the pivot axis 30.

Bei sämtlichen Ausführungsformen kann die Drehachse 31 geschwindigkeitsabhängig gedämpft und/oder geschwindigkeitsunabhängig belastet sein. Diese Dämpfung und/oder Belastung kann symmetrisch oder unsymmetrisch sein. Durch eine unsymmetrische Vorbelastung kann eine Seite des beanspruchten Gelenkes entlastet werden.In all embodiments, the axis of rotation 31 can be damped depending on the speed and / or loaded independently of the speed. This damping and / or loading can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. One side of the stressed joint can be relieved by an asymmetrical preload.

Claims (9)

  1. Exercise apparatus with a lever (3) mounted on a pivot pin (30),
    characterized in that
    the lever (3) can be deflected in a direction perpendicular to its direction of movement.
  2. Exercise apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the lever (3) is pivotably mounted on the pivot pin (30) round a swivel pin (31) extending perpendicular to the pivot pin (30) and perpendicular to the lever (3).
  3. Exercise apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivot pin (30) is pivotably mounted round a swivel pin (34) extending perpendicular to the pivot pin (30) and substantially parallel to the lever (3).
  4. Exercise apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the lever (3) is fixedly joined to the pivot pin (30) for rotation and with scope for longitudinal displacement in the direction of the pivot pin.
  5. Exercise apparatus with a lever (3) mounted on a pivot pin (30), wherein a transverse member (4) with a shell for accommodating the leg, extending parallel to the pivot pin (30) is connected to the lever (3), characterized in that the shell (36) accommodating the leg is carried for longitudinal displacement during operation.
  6. Exercise apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the swivel pin (31) is arranged at a distance from the pivot pin (30).
  7. Exercise apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in order to generate a reaction moment, the lever (3) is connected to the double action piston of a hydraulic cylinder (2) in such a way that an alternating rotational movement of the lever (3) is converted into a translational reciprocating movement of the piston, and in that a duct (11) having a throttling device (12) is provided, which duct interconnects the cylinder chambers (9, 10) that are separated by the piston and filled with a liquid.
  8. Exercise apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the pivot pin (30) transversely passes through the cylinder (2) and in that the pivot pin (30) is connected inside the cylinder (2) to the piston by a gear unit.
  9. Exercise apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the duct (11) provided with the throttling device is arranged in the cylinder wall.
EP87117989A 1986-12-05 1987-12-04 Training appliance Expired - Lifetime EP0270131B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87117989T ATE63833T1 (en) 1986-12-05 1987-12-04 TRAINING EQUIPMENT.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3641675 1986-12-05
DE3641675 1986-12-05
DE3701821 1987-01-22
DE19873701821 DE3701821A1 (en) 1986-12-05 1987-01-22 TRAINING DEVICE

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0270131A2 EP0270131A2 (en) 1988-06-08
EP0270131A3 EP0270131A3 (en) 1988-09-14
EP0270131B1 true EP0270131B1 (en) 1991-05-29

Family

ID=25850061

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87117989A Expired - Lifetime EP0270131B1 (en) 1986-12-05 1987-12-04 Training appliance

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0270131B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3701821A1 (en)
NO (1) NO875072L (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2650751A1 (en) * 1989-08-11 1991-02-15 Caruaza Orientable muscle exercise device and machine equipped with such a device
US5575744A (en) * 1992-09-15 1996-11-19 Medx Corporation Abductor exercise machine
US6319178B1 (en) * 1998-01-29 2001-11-20 Randall T. Webber Leg exercise arm for exercise machine
US5961428A (en) * 1998-01-29 1999-10-05 Webber; Randall T. Leg exercise arm for exercise machine
HRP20130484A2 (en) * 2013-06-03 2014-12-05 Bagheera D.O.O. Rod with slider

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3103357A (en) * 1961-11-28 1963-09-10 William E Berne Resistance exercising apparatus
CA1172666A (en) * 1981-09-15 1984-08-14 William Gvoich Rotator muscle exercise apparatus
FR2550708B3 (en) * 1983-08-19 1985-08-23 Blomqvist Olle QUADRICEPS MUSCLE TRAINING APPARATUS
DE3526144A1 (en) * 1985-07-22 1987-01-29 Guenter Kern TRAINING DEVICE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3701821A1 (en) 1988-06-16
DE3770418D1 (en) 1991-07-04
EP0270131A2 (en) 1988-06-08
NO875072L (en) 1988-06-06
NO875072D0 (en) 1987-12-04
EP0270131A3 (en) 1988-09-14

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